TERMINOLOGI

HUKUM
Aal Lukmanul Hakim, S.H., M.H.
 1. Pengantar Perkuliahan
2. Aspek-aspek Terminologi (Social and Political Aspect,
Scientific and functional Aspect, Organizational Aspect)
3. Gagasan Utama dalam Terminologi
4. Sejarah Terminologi
5. Pendekatan-pendekatan dalam Terminologi
What Will We 6. Teori-teori dalam Terminologi

Learn in Legal 7.
8.
Terminologi sebagai Ilmu Multidisiplin
UTS
Terminology ? 9. Bahasa dan Hukum
10. Urgensi Terminologi Hukum
11. Terminologi Hukum dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
12. Terminologi Hukum Tematik 1
13. Terminologi Hukum Tematik 2
14. Terminologi Hukum Tematik 3
15. Terminologi Hukum Tematik 4
16. UAS
 ▪ Terminology or specialized
language is more than a technical
or particular instance of general
language.
What is ▪ In today’s society with its
TERMINOLOGY ? emphasis on science and
technology, the way specialized
(Pamela Faber and Clara Inés
López Rodríguez) knowledge concepts are named,
structured, described, and
translated has put terminology or
the designation of specialized
knowledge concepts in the
limelight.
What is TERMINOLOGY ?

When you study Terminology, a differentiation

is always made in its definition because the
word refers to three concepts: (Patricia Brenes)
• terminology as the study of terms,
• terminology as the practical aspect of doing
terminographical work, and
• terminology as a set of specialized terms.
 1. ISO 1087-1:2000 defines terminology as the “science studying the
structure, formation, development, usage and management of
terminologies in various subject fields.”
2. Glossary of Terms used in Terminology: “The study of terms, concepts,
and their relationships.”
3. Pavel’s tutorial: “The language discipline dedicated to the scientific study
of the concepts and terms used in specialized languages.”
4. TerminOrgs: “It is the name of an academic and professional discipline
As a field of associated with studying and managing terms. Considered a branch of
linguistics, terminology is closely related to lexicology (defining words
study: and creating dictionaries), but with a focus on concepts (analysis,
definition, denotation) in special domains. The field of terminology
typically supports content creation, translation and other forms of
knowledge management.”
5. Birger Hjørland: “Terminology (with capital T) is the study of
terminology.”
6. UN’s Guidelines for terminology policies: “Terminology science is the
subject field that investigates the structure, formation, development,
usage and management of the terminologies in various subject fields,
and that prepares the methodological foundation for many applications.”
 • The role of a terminologist is to gather the terms
covered in a specialized field in one or more
languages, select a term or coin a new one, and
compile them in a terminological collection that
can be recorded in terminological databases for
future use. The terminology work that s/he
performs is based on terminology rules and
As procedures.
terminographical • Terminology work can be ad-hoc or systematic.
Ad-hoc terminology is prevalent in the translation
work: profession, where a translation for a specific term
(or group of terms) is required quickly to solve a
particular translation problem. Systematic
collection of terminology deals with all the terms
in a specific subject field or domain of activity,
often by creating a structured ontology of the
terms within that domain and their
interrelationships.
 1. Maria Teresa Cabré: “An interdisciplinary field of enquiry
whose prime object of study are the specialized words
occurring in natural language which belong to specific
domains of usage.”
2. isocat.org: A “set of designations belonging to one
special language” (ISO 1087- 1:2000). The same definition
is found in the glossary of IATE TermCord (Terminology
Coordination Unit of Inter-Active Terminology for Europe).

As a set of 3. TerminOrgs: “A set of terms in a specialized area, such as

“networking terminology” or “automobile manufacturing

terms:
terminology.”
4. Pavel’s tutorial: “The set of special words belonging to a
science, an art, an author, or a social entity.”
5. Birger Hjørland: “Terminology (with small t) is a technical
vocabulary, i.e., a collection of terms, which has a
certain coherence by the fact that the terms belong to a
single subject area.”
6. Silvia Cerella Bauer: “A vocabulary of words, terms and
phrases that are used for a specific industry, organization,
or field of study.”
Origins of Terminology –
Kelahiran TERMINOLOGI
Dueto the growinginternationalization of science in the 19th century the need for scientists to have at their
disposal a set of rules for formulating terms for their respective disciplines became apparent. Botanists (in 1867),
zoologists (in 1889) and chemists (in 1892) expressed this need at their respective international meetings.

In the 18th and 19th centuries scientists were the leaders in terminology; in the 20th century engineers and
technicians have become involved.

The Austrian E. Wster (1898±1977), considered the founder of modern terminology and the main representative
of what is known as the Vienna School,1 came from the ®eld of engineering, as did the Russian D. S. Lotte
(1889±1950), founder of the Soviet School of Terminology.2 The ®rst international association of standardization,
the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC), was founded in Missouri in 1904.

During the first half of the 20th century neither linguists nor social scientists paid special attention to
terminology; only from the 1950s onwards did they begin to show any interest and even then it was just in
passing.
Perkembangan TERMINOLOGY
• In this new stage there are two major areas in which cultural changes
are obvious:
• the technologization of society, and the value attached to
information.
• These two new cultural pillars have replaced other elements from
earlier times which charac terized industrial society. Some of these
changes have had major eóects on lan guage and interpersonal
communication and have created the need for newlinguistic products,
newprofessions related to language, and newways of organizing
communication.
Perkembangan TERMINOLOGY
• In the industrial period, the spread of education and the growing
importance of written communication (as opposed to the prevalence
of oral communication in rural culture) made it necessary to codify
languages and establish operative standard registers.
• As a result, hierarchical rules for good usage were established in many
languages of culture, and the concept of a ``standard language'' was
born.
Terminology is also affected by
social changes which have had a
major effect on linguistic needs:
1. The accelerated development of science and technology
in recent times has been accompanied by the
appearance of a large number of newconcepts and even
new conceptual fields which require new names.
2. Technology is growing rapidly and pervades all spheres
of society. Technological developments in the fields of
information and communication create the need for new
ways of communication that did not previously exist; and
the vocabularies of these languages require constant
updating. This has brought about the appearance of new
fields of activity, such as the so-called language
industries.
Terminology is also affected by
social changes which have had a
major effect on linguistic needs:
3. Mass production is both the result of and the driving
force behind the overriding importance of standardized
products. The idea of ``hand-crafted'' is becoming
outdated.
4. The transfer of knowledge and products, one of the most
signivicant features of modern society, brings about, on
the one hand, the appearance of newmarkets for
scientific, technical, cultural and commercial exchange;
on the other, the need to deal with the multilingualism
of the new arenas for exchange. It also results in a need
to standardize the elements that convey the
exchangeÐthe systems and basic units of transfe.
Terminology is also affected by
social changes which have had a
major effect on linguistic needs:
5. Information has become of the utmost importance and the
amount of information has increased exponentially. This great
mass of data requires powerful and effective support.
Databases of all sorts are being created and require
continuous updating. They must be easy to access and
multidimensional. As a result, there arises a new need for
information storage and retrieval, as well as for standardized
systems for the automatic transfer of the contents of the
increasingly sophisticated large stores of data.
6. The development of mass communication allows the
widespread dissemination of terminology, with the resulting
interaction between the general and specialized lexicons.
Specific terms become part of popular culture through their
use in the mass media.
7. Government intervention in language subjects terminology to
standardization processes and makes it necessary to create
social organizations to manage this work.
Terminology, are
one of the most
important areas
for language
standardization.