TASK 1 OVERALL

VOCABULARY
SYNONYMS
INTRODUCTION

Starting Chart type Verb Description

The diagram shows the comparison of…
The given table depicts the differences…
The provided diagram illustrates the changes...
graph presents the number of…
chart highlights information about…
flow chart indicates data on…
pie chart the proportion of…
bar chart how the...
line graph
table
map
pie chart
OVERVIEW
In general, ...
Overall, ...
It is obvious that ...
It is clear that ...
What stands out from the graph is that ...
A glance at the graph(s) reveals that ...
It can be clearly seen that ...
INTRODUCTION - OVERVIEW
VOCABULARY FOR DETAIL
INTRODUCTION
As it is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table...
As (it is) shown in the illustration of...
As can be seen in the...
As the diagrams suggest...
According to the...
As regards ...,
Regarding ...,
With respect to ...,
As for ...,
If we look at the ...,
VOCABULARY OF CHANGES
Trends Verb form Noun Form
Increase rise / increase / go up / uplift / rocket(ed) / climb / a rise / an increase / an upward trend /
upsurge / soar/ shot up/ improve/ jump/ leap/ move a growth / a leap / a jump / an
upward/ skyrocket/ soar/ surge. improvement/ a climb.
Decrease fall / decrease / decline / plummet / plunge / drop / a fall / a decrease / a reduction / a
reduce / collapse / deteriorate/ dip / dive / go down / downward trends /a downward
take a nosedive / slum / slide / go into free-fall. tendency / a decline/ a drop / a slide /
a collapse / a downfall.
Steadiness unchanged / level out / remain constant / remain a steadiness/ a plateau / a stability/ a
steady / plateau / remain the same / remain stable / static
remain static
Gradual increase an upward trend / an upward tendency
------------ /
Gradual decrease a downward trend / a downward
------------ tendency / a descending trend
Flat level(ed) off / remain(ed) constant / remain(ed)
unchanged / remain(ed) stable / prevail(ed) no change, a flat, a plateau.
consistency / plateaued / reach(ed) a plateau / stay(ed)
uniform /immutable / level(ed) out/ stabilise/ remain(ed)
the same.
VOCABULARY OF CHANGES
Type of Change Adverb form Adjective form

Rapid change dramatically / rapidly / sharply / dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick /

quickly / hurriedly / speedily / hurried / speedy / swift /
swiftly / significantly/ significant / considerable /
considerably / substantially / substantial / noticable.
noticeably.

Moderate moderately / gradually / moderate / gradual / progressive

change progressively / sequentially. / sequential.

Steady change steadily/ ceaselessly. steady/ ceaseless.

Slight change slightly / slowly / mildly / slight / slow / mild / tedious.

tediously.
LEVEL OF CHANGES
Great change / Huge difference:
Adjectives Adverbs
Overwhelming Overwhelmingly
Substantial Substantially
Enormous Enormously
Big change / Big difference:
Significant Significantly
Considerable Considerably
Medium change / Moderate difference:
Somewhat Somewhat
Moderate Moderately
Minor change / Small difference:
Fractional Fractionally
Marginal Marginally
Slight Slightly
PROPORTION - PERCENTAGE
Percentages
• a ten-percent increase, a twenty-five percent decrease,
• increased by 15%, dropped by 10 per cent,
• fall at 50%, reached to 75%, tripled, doubled,
• one-fourth, three-quarters, half, double fold, treble, 5 times higher,
• three times lower, declined to about 49%, stood exactly at 43%.
Fractions:
4% = a tiny fraction.
24% = almost a quarter.
25% = exactly a quarter.
26% = roughly one quarter.
32% nearly one-third, nearly a third.
49% = around a half, just under a half.
50% = exactly a half.
51% = just over a half.
73% = nearly three quarters.
77% = approximately three quarter, more than three-quarter.
79% = well over three quarters.
PROPORTION - PERCENTAGE
Proportions:
2% = a tiny portion, a very small proportion.
4% = an insignificant minority, an insignificant proportion.
16% = a small minority, a small portion.

       
70% = a large proportion.
72% = a significant majority, A significant proportion.
89% = a very large proportion.
PROPORTION - PERCENTAGE
The pie charts show the online sales for retail sectors in Canada in the year 2019 &
2020.
PROPORTION - PERCENTAGE
The pie charts illustrate the sale figure for retailers via their
online platform between 1999 and 2020.
LINE GRAPHS
The graph below shows changes in global food and oil prices between 2000 and 2011.
LINE GRAPHS
The graph below shows changes in global food
and oil prices between 2000 and 2011.
The line graph compares the data about the average price of a
barrel of oil with the food price index over a period of 11 years.
It is clear that average global prices of both oil and food rose
considerably between 2000 and 2011. Furthermore, the trends
for both commodities were very similar, and so a strong
correlation is suggested.
In the year 2000, the average global oil price was close to $25
per barrel, and the food price index stood at just under 90
points. Over the following four years both prices remained
relatively stable, before rising steadily between 2004 and 2007.
By 2007, the average oil price had more than doubled, to nearly
$60 per barrel, and food prices had risen by around 50 points.
A dramatic increase in both commodity prices was seen from
2007 to 2008, with oil prices reaching a peak of approximately
$130 per barrel and the food price index rising to 220 points.
However, by the beginning of 2009 the price of oil had dropped
by roughly $90, and the food price index was down by about 80
points. Finally, in 2011, the average oil price rose once again, to
nearly $100 per barrel, while the food price index reached its
peak, at almost 240 points.
BAR CHARTS
The chart below shows the total number of minutes
(in billions) of telephone calls in the UK, divided into
three categories, from 1995-2002.
BAR CHARTS
The chart below shows the total number of
minutes (in billions) of telephone calls in
the UK, divided into three categories, from
1995-2002.
The bar chart compares the amount of time spent by
people in the UK on three different types of phone call
between 1995 and 2002.
It is clear that calls made via local, fixed lines were the
most popular type, in terms of overall usage, throughout
the period shown. The lowest figures on the chart are for
mobile calls, but this category also saw the most dramatic
increase in user minutes.
In 1995, people in the UK used fixed lines for a total of just
over 70 billion minutes for local calls, and about half of
that amount of time for national or international calls. By
contrast, mobile phones were only used for around 4
billion minutes. Over the following four years, the figures
for all three types of phone call increased steadily.
By 1999, the amount of time spent on local calls using
landlines had reached a peak at 90 billion minutes.
Subsequently, the figure for this category fell, but the rise
in the other two types of phone call continued. In 2002, the
number of minutes of national / international landline calls
passed 60 billion, while the figure for mobiles rose to
around 45 billion minutes.