REPORTED SPEECH - INDIRECT SPEECH

(CÂU GIÁN TIẾP)

I. KIẾN THỨC CHUNG (GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)
- CÂU TRỰC TIẾP LÀ CÂU TRÍCH DẪN NGUYÊN VĂN
LỜI CỦA MỘT AI ĐÓ, VÀ PHẢI DÙNG DẤU NGOẶC
KÉP.
EG: MR HUNG SAID: “I AM OLD”.
- CÂU GIÁN TIẾP LÀ CÂU KỂ LẠI, TƯỜNG THUẬT LẠI
LỜI CỦA MỘT AI ĐÓ. VÀ KHI CHUYỂN SANG GIÁN
TIẾP PHẢI CÓ SỰ THAY ĐỔI CÁC THÀNH PHẦN CÂU.
- KHI ĐỘNG TỪ GIỚI THIỆU Ở THÌ HIỆN TẠI THÌ KHI
CHUYỂN SANG GIÁN TIẾP KHÔNG PHẢI LÙI THÌ Ở
ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH.
EG: MR HUNG SAYS: “I AM LIVING HERE.”
 MR HUNG SAYS TO US THAT/ TELLS US THAT HE
IS LIVING THERE.
- KHI ĐỘNG TỪ GIỚI THIỆU Ở QK THÌ KHI CHUYỂN
SANG GIÁN TIẾP PHẢI LÙI THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH.
- KHI MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH DIỄN TẢ MỘT CHÂN LÝ, SỰ
THẬT HIỂN NHIÊN THÌ KHÔNG LÙI THÌ.
EG: MS NGA SAID TO US: “THE SUN RISES IN THE
EAST.”
 MS NGA SAID TO US (THAT) THE SUN RISES IN THE
EAST.
1. CÁC THAY ĐỔI VỀ CHỦ NGỮ, TÂN NGỮ, TÍNH TỪ
SH, ĐTSH
I - HE/ SHE; ME - HIM/ HER; MY – HIS/ HER
WE – THEY; US – THEM; OUR - THEIR
 YOU – I; YOU – ME; YOUR – MY
2. THAY ĐỔI VỀ THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ
HTĐ- QKĐ
HTTD- QKTD (WERE / WAS +VING)
HTHT-QKHT (HAD P2)
HTHTTD (HAVE/ HAS BEEN +VING)- QKHTTD
(HAD BEEN +VING)
QKĐ- QKHT (HAD +P2)
QKTD- QKHTTD
WILL +V => WOULD +V
AM/ IS / ARE GOING TO V => WAS/ WERE GOING
TO V
WILL BE +VING => WOULD BE +VING
CAN +V=> COULD +V
MAY +V= > MIGHT +V
3. CÁC THAY ĐỔI KHÁC
- HERE=> THERE
- THIS =>THAT/ THE
- THESE=> THOSE
- NOW => THEN
- TODAY=> THAT DAY
- TONIGHT=> THAT NIGHT
- YESTERDAY=> THE DAY BEFORE/ THE PREVIOUS
DAY
- LAST WEEK=> THE WEEK BEFORE/ THE PREVIOUS
WEEK
- AGO=> BEFORE
- 2 YEARS AGO => 2 YEARS BEFORE
- TOMORROW=> THE NEXT DAY/ THE FOLLOWING
DAY
- TOMORROW EVENING=> THE NEXT EVENING/ THE
FOLLOWING EVENING
- NEXT WEEK=> THE NEXT WEEK/ THE FOLLOWING
WEEK
- NEXT YEAR=> THE NEXT YEAR/ THE FOLLOWING
YEAR
- THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW=> IN 2 DAYS’ TIME
- THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY=> 2 DAYS BEFORE

II. CÁCH CHUYỂN CÁC LOẠI CÂU

1. CÂU TRẦN THUẬT (CÂU KHẲNG ĐỊNH VÀ PHỦ
ĐỊNH)
MR DUNG SAID: “ I DON’T LIKE THESE GIRLS.”
 MR DUNG SAID THAT HE DIDN’T LIKE THOSE
GIRLS.
MS HOA SAID: “YOU DID NOT DO YOUR HW
YESTERDAY, NAM”
 MS HOA SAID TO NAM/ MS HOA TOLD NAM THAT
HE HADN’T DONE HIS HW THE DAY BEFORE.
CT: S +SAID THAT / S + SAID TO SBD THAT / S +
TOLD SBD THAT + S 2 + V2 (LÙI THÌ).

EG: 1. THE DOCTOR SAID: “YOU AND YOUR SON

MUST STAY HERE NOW, MS THU.”
2. “I AM GOING TO GO ABROAD WITH MY FAMILY
NEXT MONTH.” SAID HUONG.
 1. The doctor said to Ms Thu that she and her son had
to stay there then.
2. Huong said that she was going to go abroad with her
family the next month.

2. CÂU HỎI ĐẢO (CÂU HỎI TRẢ LỜI DẠNG NGẮN-

CÂU HỎI YES- NO)
MS THUY SAID TO HOAN “ARE YOU DOING
YOUR HW NOW?”
 MS THUY ASKED HOAN IF/ WHETHER HE WAS
DOING HIS HW THEN.
THE WOMAN SAID TO NAM “HAVE YOU TAKEN
YOUR DOG TO THE PARK?”
 THE WOMAN ASKED NAM IF / WHETHER HE HAD
TAKEN HIS DOG TO THE PARK.
FORM: S +ASK(ED) + (O) IF/ WHETHER + S2 + V2 (LÙI
THÌ).
NAM SAID TO HOA “ CAN YOU COOK?”
TUAN SAID TO LINH “DO YOU LOVE MY BROTHER?”
2. Tuan asked Linh if she loved his brother.
1. Nam asked Hoa if she could cook.

3. CÂU HỎI ĐẶC BIỆT (CÂU HỎI CÓ TỪ ĐỂ HỎI LÀ

WHAT/ WHEN/ HOW… KHI TRẢ LỜI THÌ PHẢI
CUNG CẤP THÔNG TIN ĐẦY ĐỦ)
 FORM: S +ASK(ED)/ WONDERED/ WANTED TO
KNOW/ REQUIRED + (O) WHAT/ WHERE/ WHEN/
HOW.. + S2 + V2 (LÙI THÌ)
1. HUONG SAID TO THE BOY “WHERE DO YOU
LIVE NOW?”
Hương asked the boy where he lived then.
2. HUNG SAID TO MAN “ HOW MANY BOOKS DID
YOU BUY FOR YOUR BROTHER LAST YEAR?”
Hung asked Man how many books she had bought for
his brother the year before/ the previous year.

3. THE MAN SAID “WHY ARE YOU THROWING

STONES AT MY HOUSE, MAI?”
The man asked Mai why she was throwing stones at his
house.

4. CÂU HỎI CHO CHỦ NGỮ

- MS THUY SAID “WHO SINGS THE BEST IN YOUR
CLASS, HOANG?”
 MS THUY ASKED HOANG WHO SANG THE BEST IN
HIS CLASS.
- MS THUY SAID TO ANH “WHAT HAPPENED HERE
YESTERDAY?”
 MS THUY ASKED ANH WHAT HAD HAPPENED
THERE YESTERDAY.
 FORM: S +ASK(ED ) + (O ) + WHAT/ WHO + V2 (LÙI
THÌ)