1. Calculate the pH of 500 ml of 0.1 M weak acid after addition of 100 ml of 0.

1 M
KOH. [pKa = 5]. A buffer soln. is created by mixing equal [] of a weak acid (HA) &
its conjugated base (A-).
Given: [HA]init =0.1, n=0.1*0.5=0.05
[A-]init=0.1; n=0.1*0.5=0.05
[OH-]added=0.1;n=0.1*0.1=0.01
pKa = 5
The pH after adding base (0.01mole of KOH to 1.0 L of buffer). Finding [OH2]added:
[OH] added is = 0.010 mol OH/1.0 L soln =0.01M OH

Setting up a reaction table for the stoichiometry of adding OH- to HA:

Concentration HA + OH- A- + H2O
(M )
initial 0.05 0.01 0.05 -
change -0.01 0.01 +0.01 -
Final 0.04 0 0.06 -

Setting up a reaction table for the acid dissociation, using these new initial concentrations

LET, X= [HA] dissocc= [H+]

Concentration HA + H2O A- + H+
(M )
initial 0.04 - 0.06 0
change -x - +x +x
Equilibrium 0.04-x - 0.06+x x

Making the assumption that x is small, and solving for x:

[HA]= 0.04-x =0.04 M; [A-]=0.06+x = 0.06 M,

pH = pKa + log[ A-]/[HA

Thus, pH =5+log(0.06/0.04)=5+0.176=5.176