Nutrition Study Guide

1. nutrients – substances in food that promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair in your
body
2. nutrition – is the study of how our bodies use the food we eat to keep us healthy
3. portion size – how much food you should eat
4. moderation – eating a little of many different types of food for a balanced diet
5. digestion – the process of breaking down food into a form that your body can use for energy
6. obesity – weighing more than 20% above your recommended weight range
7. carbohydrates – their function is to give you energy to be active and aids in the elimination of
waste
8. protein – their function is to help heal the body and build body tissue, helps to build strong
muscles
9. amino acids – amino acids are the building blocks that your body uses to form new proteins,
which are used to build and repair your tissues
10. fats – energy containing nutrients that provide stored energy, protect nerves, and help your
body produce hormones
11. saturated Fat – fats that are solid at room temperature and found in animal products
12. unsaturated Fat – fats that are liquid at room temperature and found in plant products
13. cholesterol – used by the body to build cells, hormones, and protect nerve endings, found in
animal products
14. vitamins – nutrients needed for normal growth and maintenance of body tissues, help body
function properly by using energy provided by other nutrients
15. minerals – growth and maintenance of the body, found in the earth’s crust
16. whole grains – contain the entire grain kernel ― the bran, germ, and endosperm
17. refined grains – grains that are processed to remove the bran and germ, finer texture and has
a longer shelf life, removes fiber, iron, and many B vitamins, often enriched
18. Nutrition Facts label - a label found on the outside package of food and states the number of
serving in the container, the number of Calories in each serving, and the quantity of nutrient in
each serving
19. calories – a measure of heat energy, the amount of energy in food
20. metabolism – how fast the body burns calories
21. % Daily Value – on the nutrition facts label, is there to tell you if the food is a good source of
a nutrient
22. Dietary Guidelines for Americans – a set of tips that help you practice good nutrition and
form a healthy lifestyle
Name ____________________________________ PD_______ EVEN/ODD Test Date _______

1. Define nutrient.
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2. List the 6 essential nutrients.

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5. _________________ 6. _________________

3. What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?

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4. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat?

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5. What is cholesterol? What is the difference between HDL and LDL?

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6. What is the importance of amino acids?

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7. Why is water important?

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8. Define calorie.
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9. Why is it important to consume enough Vitamin C?

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10. Why is iron an important mineral?

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11. What is metabolism?

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12. What is the difference between a fat soluble vitamin and a water soluble vitamin?
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13. How long should you be physically active each day?

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14. What are Omega 3 Fatty Acids?

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