6resourceu 110912204906 31

ANSWER KEY
Consists of stepwise solutions to long questions of the

in-text and chapter-end exercises
Chapter 2: Four Operations
Exercise 2.1
1. (a) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O (b) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O
1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
1 1 8 2 6 0 7 4 9 2 4 1 6 3 1 7
1 7 0 3 2 1 4 6 2 1 5 1 4 3 0 0 5 6
+ 9 1 6 3 4 1 9 5 1 0 2 1 9 6 9 8 7
2 6 2 7 8 1 7 3 1 + 7 9 3 4 6 8 0
2 5 3 9 7 8 0 4 0
(c) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O (d) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O

1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
1 5 3 6 2 4 7 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4
3 2 9 1 0 0 5 9 1 2 9 1 1 3 4 6 0 0
7 8 5 0 9 0 2 4 3 1 4 1 2 6 9 9 9
+ 7 9 3 4 6 8 0 + 4 7 6 5 1 0 8
5 6 9 1 6 9 0 3 5 7 1 0 0 2 6 7 6 1
(e) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O (f) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O

1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2
9 6 3 4 5 1 7 4 1 8 3 4 2 6 8
8 2 0 0 0 0 1 7 5 9
7 0 0 6 8 1 9 8 1 8 9 2 1 6 3
+ 9 9 0 6 4 9 1 2 4 3 6 0 0 1
1 7 4 7 1 2 4 3 7 + 7 5 6 3 4 9 2 6
9 9 0 7 9 8 1 1 7
(g) C TL L TTh Th H T O
2 2
2 9 4 3 2
1 1 5 7 0 6
1 9 2 1 3 1 7
8 5 3 0 1 0 0
+ 2 0 0 6 5 9 1 5
2 9 5 4 2 4 7 0
3. (a) LHS RHS (b) LHS RHS

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 6 8 2 7 5 1 3 9 4 2 0 2 3 1 6 1 0 5 0 8 7 2 0
+ 1 3 9 4 2 0 + 6 8 2 7 5 + 5 0 8 7 2 0 + 2 3 1 6 1 0
2 0 7 6 9 5 2 0 7 6 9 5 7 4 0 3 3 0 7 4 0 3 3 0
(c) LHS RHS
1 1 1 1 1
3 0 4 5 1 6 0 8 2 9 1 4 3 1 7 5
+ 2 9 1 4 3 1 7 5
+ 8 9 7 5 6 5 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 9 5 9 4 7 8 3 3 8 1 1 8 8 2 5
+ 8 9 7 5 6 5 0 + 3 0 4 5 1 6 0 8
6 8 5 7 0 4 3 3 6 8 5 7 0 4 3 3
(d) LHS RHS
1 1 1 1 1
7 1 3 4 2 9 1 1 5 2 9 0 5 7
+ 1 5 2 9 0 5 7 + 9 2 7 7 5 0
1 1 1 1 1
8 6 6 3 3 4 8 2 4 5 6 8 0 7
+ 9 2 7 7 5 0 + 7 1 3 4 2 9 1
9 5 9 1 0 9 8 9 5 9 1 0 9 8
Exercise 2.2
1. (a) 3 4 5 7 8 4 1 2 Check:
– 2 3 5 4 1 0 1 3 2 2 2 4 3 1 1
3 2 2 2 4 3 1 1 + 2 3 5 4 1 0 1
3 4 5 7 8 4 1 2
\ Subtraction is correct.
(b) 1 5 4 2 3 8 5 4 2 Check:
– 4 3 1 0 5 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1
1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 + 4 3 1 0 5 2 1 1
1 5 4 2 3 8 5 4 2
(c) 11 9 9 12 11 Check:
4 1 10 10 2 1 15 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 2 0 0 3 2 5 3 6 2 4 6 3 8
– 1 5 7 5 6 8 7 + 1 5 7 5 6 8 7
3 6 2 4 6 3 8 5 2 0 0 3 2 5
(d) 11 10 12 Check:
7 1 0 2 14 2 12 1 1 1 1 1
9 8 2 1 3 4 3 2 4 3 2 2 5 8 1 3
– 5 4 9 8 7 6 1 9 + 5 4 9 8 7 6 1 9
4 3 2 2 5 8 1 3 9 8 2 1 3 4 3 2
(e) 11 13 10 Check:
2 1 3 0 15 1 1 1 1
2 0 0 3 2 4 1 5 2 0 0 2 2 5 1 6
– 9 8 9 9 + 9 8 9 9
2 0 0 2 2 5 1 6 2 0 0 3 2 4 1 5
(f) 9 11 Check:
5 13 3 10 1 11 1 1 1 1
7 6 3 4 0 2 1 7 5 7 2 9 7 6
– 6 1 0 4 5 + 6 1 0 4 5
7 5 7 2 9 7 6 7 6 3 4 0 2 1
(g) 9 9 9 9 11 10 Check:
0 10 10 10 10 1 0 15 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 5 4 0 9 0 0 1 2 1 7
– 3 0 0 9 9 8 9 9 8 + 3 0 0 9 9 8 9 9 8
4 0 9 0 0 1 2 1 7 7 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 5
(h) 10 15 9 12 10 13 Check:
2 0 5 10 2 0 3 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 1 6 0 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 7 5 5 4 8 6 2
– 9 8 4 7 6 5 6 0 + 9 8 4 7 6 5 6 0
2 1 7 5 5 4 8 6 2 3 1 6 0 3 1 4 2 2
Exercise 2.3
10
2 0 10 6 12
1. Population in 2009 = 5 2 3 1 0 7 2 5
Number of people who died in 2010 = – 1 5 5 6 2
1 1 1
Population left = 5 2 2 9 5 1 6 3
Number of babies born in 2010 = + 8 4 7 6
\ New population = 5 2 3 0 3 6 3 9
1 1
2. Number of toffees of type A = 3 4 5 2 0 1 5 0

Number of toffees of type B = 2 0 0 7 5 8 0 0
Number of toffees of type C = + 6 0 0 0 0 1 7 5
Total toffees = 1 1 4 5 9 6 1 2 5
4 10
3. Total letters = 8 5 2 4 6 5 0
Number of small letters = – 8 2 0 0 4 2 6
Number of capital letters = 3 2 4 2 2 4
17 11
5 7 14 6 15 8 1 13
4. Sum of two numbers = 6 8 4 7 5 1 9 2 3
One number = – 3 9 8 4 6 0 0 2 5
Other number = 2 8 6 2 9 1 8 9 8
11 10 9 9
1 11 4 1 0 10 10 11
5. Sum of two numbers = 2 1 5 2 1 0 0 1 5
One number = – 9 0 7 3 6 1 2 4
Other number = 1 2 4 4 7 3 8 9 1
1
6. Largest 8-digit number = 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Number more = + 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
New number = 1 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9
8 18 3 13 1 17
7. Number that should be subtracted from 59,84,327 to get 36,90,518 = 5 9 8 4 3 2 7
– 3 6 9 0 5 1 8
2 2 9 3 8 0 9
8. Largest 9-digit number = 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Smallest 7-digit number = – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Difference = 9 9 8 9 9 9 9 9 9
13 11 9
4 3 1 10 10
11. Largest number formed = 9 8 6 5 4 2 0 0
Smallest number formed = – 2 0 0 4 5 6 8 9
Difference = 7 8 6 0 8 5 1 1
2 2 2 1 1
12. Cost of refrigerator = ` 1 7 5 0 0 0
Cost of LCD TV = ` 9 6 8 7 5
Cost of cooking range = ` 4 6 7 9 0
Cost of washing machine = + ` 2 8 9 2 5
Total money spent = ` 3 4 7 5 9 0
0 12 7 15 6 15
Total money = ` 1 2 8 5 7 5 0
Total money spent = – ` 3 4 7 5 9 0
Money left = ` 9 3 8 1 6 0
Exercise 2.4
1. (a) 1 (b) 8 1 (c) 1 (d) 4 6
6 4 × 1 5 3 2 1 2 5 9
× 1 3 4 0 5 × 1 6 × 1 7
1 + 8 1 0 1
1 1
1 9 2 1 2 1 5 1 9 2 6 1 8 1 3

+ 6 4 0 + 3 2 1 0 + 2 5 9 0
8 3 2 5 1 3 6 4 4 0 3
(e) 2 5 (f) 4 4 (g) 7 (h) 5 1
1 3 0 7 2 0 4 5 4 9 1 7 2
× 1 8 × 1 9 × 1 8 × 1 7
1 1 8 4 0 5 1 1 2 0 4
1 0 4 5 6 + 2 0 4 5 0 3 9 2 + 1 7 2 0
+ 1 3 0 7 0 3 8 8 5 5 + 4 9 0 2 9 2 4
2 3 5 2 6 8 8 2
(i) 2 (j) 5 (k) 1 1 (l) 1 3

6 5 0 8 6 2 3 4 8 2 1 5
× 1 5 × 1 9 × 1 4 × 1 6
3 2 5 0 1 1 9 3 6 1 1
+ 6 5 0 0 7 7 4 + 2 3 4 0 4 9 2 9 0
9 7 5 0 + 8 6 0 3 2 7 6 + 8 2 1 5 0
1 6 3 4 1 3 1 4 4 0
2. (a) 1 1 (b) 5 3 2 (c) 2 3 5 1 3

2 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 1 3
5 2 4 6 1 3 2 5 2 3 6 1 4
1 6 3 0 5 3 0 9 1 5 4 × 9 0 8
× 2 4 8 × 6 2 7 1 1 1
1 2 1 4 1 8 8 9 1 2
1 3 0 4 4 0 2 1 6 4 0 7 8 + 4 7 1 2 5 2 6 0 0
1 6 5 2 2 0 0 1 6 1 8 3 0 8 0 4 7 5 4 4 1 5 1 2
+ 3 2 6 1 0 0 0 + 1 8 5 4 9 2 4 0 0
4 0 4 3 6 4 0 1 9 3 8 3 9 5 5 8
(d) 2 1 1 2 1 3
(e)
1 1 1 1 5 3 7
5 3 3 3 1 4
4 8 5 5 2 1 7 3 9
× 3 1 2 6 × 4 0 8 5
2 1 2 1
2 9 1 3 0 1 1 0 8 6 9 5
2 9 7 1 0 0 1 7 3 9 1 2 0
1 4 8 5 5 0 0 + 8 6 9 5 6 0 0 0
+ 1 4 5 6 5 0 0 0 8 8 8 0 3 8 1 5
1 5 1 7 6 7 3 0
(f) 1 1 1 2 1
4 3 3 4 4 1 (g)
4 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 2 1
1 3 6 4 4 6 6 2 9 1 3 2
9 5 4 1 × 7 5 × 8 7
× 3 8 2 1 1
1 1 1 8 2 2 3 3 1 0 6 3 9 2 4
1 1 9 0 8 2 + 2 5 5 1 2 6 3 4 0 + 7 3 0 5 6 0
1 7 6 3 2 8 0 2 7 3 3 4 9 6 5 0 7 9 4 4 8 4
+ 2 8 6 2 3 0 0
3 6 4 4 6 6 2
(h) 4 7 5 1 (i)
1 1 1 (j) 3 1 5
2 4 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 4
3 4 8 6 2 2 8 0 6 5 5 4 1 6
× 1 9 5 × 2 0 4 × 9 8
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 6 0 1
1 7 4 3 1 0 + 5 6 1 3 0 0 0 4 3 3 2 8
3 1 3 7 5 8 0 5 7 2 5 2 6 0 + 4 8 7 4 4 0
+ 3 4 8 6 2 0 0 5 3 0 7 6 8
6 7 9 8 0 9 0
(k) 5 5 2 1 (l) 2 6 4
1 1 1 3 3
7 9 8 4 3 9 0 2 7 6
× 6 2 1 × 8 5
2 2 1 1
1 1 7 9 8 4 3 4 5 1 3 8 0
1 5 9 6 8 6 0 + 7 2 2 2 0 8 0
+ 4 7 9 0 5 8 0 0 7 6 7 3 4 6 0
4 9 5 8 2 5 0 3
Exercise 2.5
8 7 6 1 7 3 4 9 4 1 5
1. (a) 92 8 0 6 4 7 214 3 7 1 2 6 5
(b) (c) 305 2 8 7 1 6 9 7
– 7 3 6 – 2 1 4 – 2 7 4 5
7 0 4 1 5 7 2 1 2 6 6
– 6 4 4 – 1 4 9 8 – 1 2 2 0
6 0 7 7 4 6 4 6 9
– 5 5 2 – 6 4 2 – 3 0 5
5 5 1 0 4 5 1 6 4 7
– 8 5 6 – 1 5 2 5
1 8 9 1 2 2
2 9 3 5 2 0 2 5 2 9 5 1 7 2 1
(d) 34 9 9 7 9 6 8 4 342 8 6 4 9 2 1
(e) (f) 98 5 0 6 8 7 3 2
– 6 8 – 6 8 4 – 4 9 0
3 1 7 1 8 0 9 1 6 8
– 3 0 6 – 1 7 1 0 – 9 8
1 1 9 9 9 2 7 0 7
– 1 0 2 – 6 8 4 – 6 8 6
1 7 6 3 0 8 1 2 1 3
– 1 7 0 – 3 0 7 8 – 1 9 6
6 8 3 1 7 2
– 6 8 – 9 8
0 4 7 4
– 0
4
3 5 7 9
2. (a) 87 3 1 1 4 2 6 Check: 3,11,426 ÷ 87 = 3,579, remainder = 53
– 2 6 1 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
5 0 4 (87 × 3,579) + 53 = 3,11,373 + 53 = 3,11,426
– 4 3 5
Thus, the division is correct.
6 9 2
– 6 0 9
8 3 6
– 7 8 3
5 3
7 4 0 4
(b) 95 7 0 3 4 1 9 Check: 7,03,419 ÷ 95 = 7404, remainder = 39
3 8 4 (95 × 7,44) + 39 = 7,03,380 + 39 = 7,03,419
– 3 8 0
4 1
– 0 0
4 1 9
– 3 8 0
3 9
1 6 0 4 4 5
54
(c) 8 6 6 4 0 3 1 Check: 86,64,031 ÷ 54 = 1,60,445, remainder = 1
– 5 4 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
3 2 6
(54 × 1,60,445) + 1 = 86,64,030 + 1 = 86,64,031
– 3 2 4
2 4 Thus, the division is correct.
– 0 0
2 4 0
– 2 1 6
2 4 3
– 2 1 6
2 7 1
– 2 7 0
0 0 1
4 1 2 3
(d) 251 1 0 3 5 0 7 6 Check: 10,35,076 ÷ 251 = 4,123, remainder = 203
– 1 0 0 4 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
3 1 0
(251 × 4,123) + 203 = 10,34,873 + 203 = 10,35,076
– 2 5 1
5 9 7 Thus, the division is correct.
– 5 0 2
9 5 6
– 7 5 3
2 0 3
1 0 0 2
(e) 991 9 9 2 9 9 8 Check: 9,92,998 ÷ 991 = 1,002, remainder = 16
1 9 (991 × 1,002) + 16 = 9,92,982 + 16 = 9,92,998
– 0 0
1 9 9
– 0 0 0
1 9 9 8
– 1 9 8 2
1 6
2 1 1 3 1
(f) 316 6 6 7 7 4 5 2 Check: 66,77,452 ÷ 316 = 21,131, remainder = 56
3 5 7 (316 × 21,131) + 56 = 66,77,396 + 56 = 66,77,452
– 3 1 6
4 1 4
– 3 1 6
9 8 5
– 9 4 8
3 7 2
– 3 1 6
5 6
1 2 9 5 1
(g) 2135 2 7 6 5 1 4 3 8 Check: 2,76,51,438 ÷ 2,135 = 12,951, remainder = 1,053
6 3 0 1 (2,135 × 12,951) + 1,053 = 2,76,50,385 + 1,053 = 2,76,51,438
– 4 2 7 0
2 0 3 1 4
– 1 9 2 1 5
1 0 9 9 3
– 1 0 6 7 5
3 1 8 8
– 2 1 3 5
1 0 5 3
5 3 4 3
(h) 1422 7 5 9 8 1 2 4 Check: 75,98,124 ÷ 1,422 = 5,343, remainder = 378
4 8 8 1 (1,422 × 5,343) + 378 = 75,97,746 + 378 = 75,98,124
– 4 2 6 6
6 1 5 2
– 5 6 8 8
4 6 4 4
– 4 2 6 6
3 7 8
2 5 1
(i) 3211 8 0 6 0 3 1 Check: 8,06,031 ÷ 3,211 = 251, remainder = 70
1 6 3 8 3 (3,211 × 251) + 70 = 8,05,961 + 70 = 8,06,031
– 1 6 0 5 5
3 2 8 1
– 3 2 1 1
7 0
3. (a) Dividend = 2,45,16 0 , Divisor = 4 0

6 1 2 9 Check: 2,45,160 ÷ 40 = 6,129
4 2 4 5 1 6 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
– 2 4 (40 × 6,129) + 0 = 2,45,160
0 5
– 4
1 1
– 8
0 3 6
– 3 6
0 0
(b) Dividend = 7,89,13,60 0 , Divisor = 9 0
8 7 6 8 1 7 Check: 7,89,13,600 ÷ 90 = 8,76,817, remainder = 70
9
7 8 9 1 3 6 0 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
– 7 2
(90 × 8,76,817) + 70 = 7,89,13,530 + 70 = 7,89,13,600
0 6 9
– 6 3 Thus, the division is correct.
6 1
– 5 4
7 3
– 7 2
1 6
– 9
7 0
– 6 3
7
(c) Dividend = 46,53,32 0 , Divisor = 50 0
9 3 0 6 Check: 46,53,320 ÷ 500 = 9,306, remainder = 320
50
4 6 5 3 3 2 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
– 4 5 0 (500 × 9,306) + 320 = 46,53,000 + 320 = 46,53,320
1 5 3
– 1 5 0
3 3
– 0 0
3 3 2
– 3 0 0
3 2
(d) Dividend = 2,24,79,700 , Divisor = 8 00
2 8 0 9 9 Check: 2,24,79,700 ÷ 800 = 28,099, remainder = 500
8 2 2 4 7 9 7
(Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
– 1 6
(800 × 28,099) + 5 = 2,24,79,200 + 500 = 2,24,79,700
6 4

– 6 4 Thus, the division is correct.
0 7
– 0
7 9
– 7 2
7 7
– 7 2
5
(e) Dividend = 9,76,45,21, 000 , Divisor = 6, 000

1 6 2 7 4 2 0 Check: 9,76,45,21,000 ÷ 6,000 = 16,27,420, remainder = 1,000
6
9 7 6 4 5 2 1 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
–
6 (6,000 × 16,27,420) + 1,000 = 9,76,45,20,000 + 1,000
3 7
= 9,76,45,21,000
– 3 6
– 1 2
4 4
– 4 2
2 5
– 2 4
1 2
– 1 2
0 1
– 0
1
(f) Dividend = 3,08,67,4 00 , Divisor = 7,0 00

4 4 0 9 Check: 3,08,67,400 ÷ 7,000 = 4,409, remainder = 4,400
70 3 0 8 6 7 4
(Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
– 2 8 0
2 8 6 (7,000 × 4,409) + 4,400 = 3,08,63,000 + 4,400 = 3,08,67,400
– 2 8 0 Thus, the division is correct.
6 7
– 0 0
6 7 4
– 6 3 0 3 1 2 2
4 4 6 2 5 4
Exercise 2.6 7 8 2 6 5
× 4 8
1. Number of chocolates in 1 box = 48 1 6 2 6 1 2 0
Number of chocolates in 78,265 boxes = 78,265 × 48 = 37,56,720 + 3 1 3 0 6 0 0
3 7 5 6 7 2 0
2. Number of boxes 1 truck can carry = 82 7 2 4
Number of boxes 39,025 trucks can carry = 39,025 × 82 = 32,00,050 1 1
3 9 0 2 5
× 8 2
1
2 7 8 1 7 8 0 5 0
1434 3 9 8 6 5 2 + 3 1 2 2 0 0 0
3. Product of two numbers = 3,98,652 – 2 8 6 8 3 2 0 0 0 5 0
One number = 1,434 1 1 1 8 5
Other number = 3,98,652 ÷ 1,434 = 278 – 1 0 0 3 8
1 1 4 7 2
1
– 1 1 4 7 2
3
0
2
4. Number of jeans manufactured in 1 day = 350 3 5 0
Number of jeans manufactured in 1 year (365 days) = 350× 365 = 1,27,750 × 3 6 5
1 7 5 0
2 1 0 0 0
+ 1 0 5 0 0 0
1 2 7 7 5 0
5 3 4
2 1 1
1 7 5 6
5. Sanjeev’s earning in 1 day = ` 1,756
× 7 3 0
Sanjeev’s earning in 2 years (730 days) = ` 1,756 × 730
1 0 0 0 0
= ` 12,81,880
5 2 6 8 0
+ 1 2 2 9 2 0 0
1 2 8 1 8 8 0
2 4 5
6. Sweets in 96 boxes = 23,520 96 2 3 5 2 0
Sweets in 1 box = 23,520 ÷ 96 = 245 – 1 9 2
0 4 3 2
– 3 8 4
4 8 0
– 4 8 0
0
7. Bags of rice in 165 trucks = 3,87,255 2 3 4 7 1 1 2

Bags of rice in 1 truck = 3,87,255 ÷ 165 165 3 8 7 2 5 5 2 3 4
– 3 3 0 2 3 4 7
= 2,347
5 7 2 × 4 0 7
Bags of rice in 407 trucks = 2,347 × 407 – 4 9 5 1 1
= 9,55,229 7 7 5
1 6 4 2 9
– 6 6 0
+ 9 3 8 8 0 0
1 1 5 5
– 1 1 5 5 9 5 5 2 2 9
0
4 2 3 9 1
4082 1 7 3 0 4 0 0 6 2
– 1 6 3 2 8
9 7 6 0
8. Required number = 17,30,40,062 ÷ 4,082
– 8 1 6 4
= 42,391 1 5 9 6 0
– 1 2 2 4 6
3 7 1 4 6
– 3 6 7 3 8 1 1 1 1
4 0 8 2 3 3 3 3
– 4 0 8 2
9 9 9 9 9
0
× 1 0 2 4
9. Largest 5-digit number = 99,999 2 2 1 1
2 3 9 9 9 9 6
Smallest 4-digit number = 1,024
1 1 9 9 9 9 8 0
Product = 99,999 × 1,024 = 10,23,98,976 + 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0
Exercise 2.7 1 0 2 3 9 8 9 7 6
(a) 2,800 – 400 × (350 ÷ 50) (b) (32,768 ÷ 64) ÷ 64

= 2,800 – 400 × 7 = 512 ÷ 64
= 2,800 × 2,800 = 0 = 8
(c) 9,210 + 648 ÷ 8 × (2,015 – 999) (d) 892 × 65 – 15 × 632 + 4,709
= 9,210 + 648 ÷ 8 × 1,016 = 57,980 – 9,480 + 4,709
= 9,210 + 81 × 1,016 = 53,209
= 9,210 + 82,296 = 91,506
(e) (10,146 ÷ 19) ÷ 2 + 15 × 48 – 440 + 100 (f) 684 ÷ 12 × 132 – 32 + 520 ÷ 10
= 534 ÷ 2 + 15 × 48 – 440 + 100 = 57 × 132 – 32 + 52
= 267 + 720 – 440 + 100 = 7,524 – 32 + 52
= 287 – 440 + 100 = 7,492 + 52 = 7,544
= 547 + 100 = 647
(g) 91,634 + (3,625 × 4) ÷ 10 – (825 ÷ 5) (h) 80,434 – 69,523 + 6,14,836 – 20,051 × 2
= 91,634 + 14,500 ÷ 10 – 165 = 80,434 – 69,523 + 6,14,836 – 40,102
= 91,634 + 1,450 – 165 = 10,911 + 6,14,836 – 40,102
= 93,084 – 165 = 92,919 = 6,25,747 – 40,102 = 5,85,645
LET’S EVALUATE
1. (a) 1 1 1 (c)
(b) 1 1 1
3 1 2 6 4 8 2 1 0 4 6 3 7 9 0 2 3 0 9 1 8 6
+ 7 8 1 9 2 + 3 5 1 5 1 6 8 + 7 5 0 4 8
1 0 9 4 5 6 8 5 6 1 9 8 0 5 9 0 2 3 8 4 2 3 4
(d) 1 1 2 2 1 2 (e) 1 1 1
2 5 4 7 9 3 0 6 2 7 5 3 1 0 0
9 4 2 5 8 1 5 8 0 0 3 6 9 8 2
+ 9 9 9 9 + 9 9 7 0 0
3 4 9 1 5 1 2 0 8 2 8 8 9 7 8 2
2. (a) 9 15 14 Check:
2 10 5 4 14 1 1 1 1
1 3 0 6 5 4 9 1 2 7 6 8 6 2
– 2 9 6 8 7 + 2 9 6 8 7
1 2 7 6 8 6 2 1 3 0 6 5 4 9
(b) 11 Check:
0 1 10 4 11 1 1
1 2 0 5 1 9 6 4 8 3 8 3 8 1 0 0 8
– 8 2 1 3 8 6 4 0 + 8 2 1 3 8 6 4 0
3 8 3 8 1 0 0 8 1 2 0 5 1 9 6 4 8
3. (a) 4 3 1 1 (b) 1 1 1 2
3 2 1 1 1 1
3 2 1 2 2 1 3
8 5 4 1 2 0 3 6 5 4 8
× 9 6 7 × 1 3 2 4
1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
1 5 9 7 8 8 4 0 2 1 4 6 1 9 2
1 5 1 2 4 7 2 0 0 7 3 0 9 6 0
+ 7 6 8 7 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 9 6 4 4 0 0
8 2 5 9 3 4 0 4 0 + 3 6 5 4 8 0 0 0
4 8 3 8 9 5 5 2
(c) 1 2 4 3 2 2 1 2
1 2 3 2 1 1 2
9 2 3 6 7 4 2 5 7 4 4
× 8 0 4 × 7 5
1 1 1 2 1 1
1 3 6 9 4 4 3 7 1 2 8 7 2 0
+ 7 3 8 8 8 0 0 + 5 1 9 8 0 2 0 8 0
7 4 2 5 7 4 4 5 5 6 9 3 0 8 0 0
2 7 5
4. (a) 79 2 1 7 6 3 Check: 21,763 ÷ 79 = 275, remainder = 38
5 9 6 (79 × 275) + 38 = 21,725 + 38 = 21,763
– 5 5 3
4 3 3
– 3 9 5
3 8
2 1 6 7
(b) 281 6 0 8 9 6 4 Check: 6,08,964 ÷ 281 = 2,167, remainder = 37
4 6 9 (281 × 2,167) + 37 = 6,08,927 + 37 = 6,08,964
– 2 8 1
1 8 8 6
– 1 6 8 6
2 0 0 4
– 1 9 6 7
3 7
8 9 3 4 3 1
(c) 1035 9 2 4 7 0 1 7 4 2 Check: 92,47,01,742 ÷ 1,035 = 8,93,431, remainder = 657
9 6 7 0 (1,035 × 8,93,431) + 37 = 92,47,01,085 + 657 = 92,47,01,742
– 9 3 1 5
3 5 5 1
– 3 1 0 5
4 4 6 7
– 4 1 4 0
3 2 7 4
– 3 1 0 5
1 6 9 2
– 1 0 3 5
6 5 7
2 2 1
5. Money saved in April = ` 3 9 5 0
Money saved in May = ` 2 6 8 4
Money saved in June = + ` 4 9 7 6
Total money saved = ` 1 1 6 1 0
1
Money spent on books = ` 1 9 2 8
Money paid for swimming classes = + ` 2 8 5 0
Total money spent = ` 4 7 7 8
10 15 10
Money left with Devesh = ` 11,610 – ` 4,778 0 0 5 0 10
1 1 6 1 0
=
` 6,832
– 4 7 7 8
6 8 3 2
6.
Cost of 2 refrigerators = ` 1,35,460
Cost of 1 chair = ` 1,375
Cost of 26 chairs = ` 1,375 × 26 = ` 35,750
Cost of 1 car = ` 4,25,715
Cost of 2 cars = ` 4,25,715 × 2 = ` 8,51,430
1 1 1 1
Total money spent = ` 1 3 5 4 6 0
` 3 5 7 5 0
+ ` 8 5 1 4 3 0
` 1 0 2 2 6 4 0
Cost of 1 table = ` 800

22972
Number of tables that can be purchased with ` 22,972 = = 28 (approx.)
800
7. (a) (9,642 ÷ 2) × 5 – 2,500 – 6,489 (b) (352 × 6) ÷ 8 – 748 ÷ 4 + 1,024 – 900
= 4,821 × 5 – 2,500 – 6,489 = 2112 ÷ 8 – 748 ÷ 4 + 1,024 – 900
= 24,105 – 2,500 – 6,489 = 264 – 187 + 1024 – 900
= 21,605 – 6,489 = 15,116 = 77 + 1,024 – 900 = 1,101 – 900 = 201
(c) 9,999 – (8,888 ÷ 8) × 4 – 5,555 (d) 6,485 + 2,10,500 – 1,00,608 + 975
= 9,999 – 1,111 × 4 – 5,555 = 2,16,985 – 1,00,608 + 975
= 9,999 – 4,444 – 5,555 = 1,16,377 + 975
= 5,555 – 5,555 = 0 = 1,17,352
(e) (2,832 ÷ 12) ÷ 4 + 241 – 256
= 236 ÷ 4 + 241 – 256 = 59 + 241 – 256 = 300 – 256 = 44
SOME NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS
1. Hariya paid every month = ` 2,750

Hariya paid back in 1 year = ` 2,750 × 12 = ` 33,000
Therefore, Hariya will pay in 2 years = ` 33,000 × 2 = ` 66,000
2. Cost of 1 litre milk = ` 11
Cost of 210 litres milk = ` 11 × 210 = ` 2,310
Therefore, farmer earns ` 2,310 in a month.
3. Put a = 1, we have
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 0 0
1 2 3 2 1
Therefore, b = 2 and c = 3
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS
1. Total budget = ` 56,35,00,875

1 1 1 1
Cost of bungalow A = ` 1 7 2 5 0 0 0 5 0
Cost of bungalow B = ` 9 8 5 7 4 0 0 0
Cost of bungalow C = + ` 1 2 6 0 4 5 0 0 0
Total cost of 3 bungalows = ` 3 9 7 1 1 9 0 5 0

15
4 5 13 4 9 10
\ Money company saves = ` 5 6 3 5 0 0 8 7 5
– ` 3 9 7 1 1 9 0 5 0
=
` 1 6 6 3 8 1 8 2 5
1 0 3 6
245 2 5 3 8 2 0
– 2 4 5
8 8
2. Number of mobile phones packed in 245 cartons = 2,53,820 – 0
Number of mobile phones packed in 1 carton = 253820 ÷ 245 8 8 2
=1,036 – 7 3 5
1 4 7 0
– 1 4 7 0
0
Chapter 3: Factors and Multiples
Exercise 3.1
1. (a) 723 → 7 + 2 + 3 = 12 which is divisible by 3 but not by 9.
\ 723 is divisible by 3 and not by 9.
(b) 9,604 → 9 + 6 + 0 + 4 = 19 which is not divisible by 3 and 9.
\ 9,604 is not divisible by 3 and 9.
(c) 8,325 → 8 + 3 + 2 + 5 = 18 which is divisible by 3 and 9.
\ 8,325 is divisible by 3 and 9.
(d) 2,01,364 → 2 + 0 + 1 + 3 + 6 + 4 = 16 which is not divisible by 3 and 9.
\ 2,01,364 is not divisible by 3 and 9.
2. (a) In 2,685, digit at the ones place is 5. So, 2,685 is divisible by 5 but not by 10.
(b) In 9,99,900, digit at the ones place is 0. So, 9,99,900 is divisible by 5 and 10.
(c) In 36,412, digit at the ones place is 2. So, 36,412 is not divisible by 5 and 10.
(d) In 25,540, digit at the ones place is 0. So, 25,540 is divisible by 5 and 10.
3. (a) even places Sum of digits at odd places = 7 + 6 +1 = 14
Sum of digits at even places = 5 + 9 = 14
7 5 6 9 1 Difference = 14 – 14 = 0
\ 75,691 is divisible by 11.
odd places
even places
(b) Sum of digits at even places = 2 + 7 + 0 = 9
Sum of digits at odd places = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12
2 3 7 4 0 5
Difference = 12 – 9 = 3
odd places
\ 2,37,405 is not divisible by 11.
(c) even places Sum of digits at odd places = 3 + 9 + 7 + 8 + 6 = 33
Sum of digits at even places = 2 + 5 + 1 + 3 = 11
3 2 9 5 7 1 8 3 6
odd places
\ 32,95,71,836 is divisible by 11.
(d) even places Sum of the digits at even places = 7 + 8 = 15
Sum of the digits at odd places = 9 + 6 = 15
7 9 8 6
odd places
\ 7,986 is divisible by 11.
Exercise 3.2
1. (a) 16
21
As 16 and 21 have no common factor except 1,
8 so they are co-prime.
2 3 7
2 4
2 2
(b) 18 35 As 18 and 35 have no common factor
except 1, so they are co-prime.
2 9 5 7
3 3
(c) 24 39 As 24 and 39 have common factor 3
except 1, so they are not co-prime.
2 12 3 13
2 6
2 3
(d) 46 108 As 46 and 108 have common factor 2

except 1, so they are not co-prime.

2 23 2 54
(e) 55 57 As 55 and 57 have no common factor

except 1, so they are co-prime.
5 11 3 19
Exercise 3.3
1. (a) 2 72 2 84 72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3

2 36 2 42 84 = 2 × 2 × 3 ×7
\
2 18 3 21 HCF of 72 and 84 = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12
3 9 7 7
3 3 1
1
(b) 5 45 2 180 45 = 3 × 3 × 5

3 9 2 90 180 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 2 × 2
\
3 3 3 45 HCF of 45 and 180 = 3 × 3 × 5 = 45
1 3 15
5 5
1
(c) 2 36 2 150 36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3

2 18 3 75 150 = 2 × 3 × 5 ×5
\
3 9 5 25 HCF of 36 and 150 = 2 × 3 = 6
3 3 5 5
1 1
(d) 2 24 2 60 2 140 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3

2 12 2 30 2 70 60 = 2 × 2 ×3×5

2 6 3 15 5 35 140 = 2 × 2 × 5×7
\ 7 7 HCF of 24, 60 and 140 =2×2=4
3 3 5 5
1 1 1
(e) 2 108 2 264 2 324 108 = 2 × 2 × 3 ×3×3

2 54 2 132 2 162 264 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 11

3 27 2 66 324 = 2 × 2 × 3 ×3×3×3
3 81
\ 3 33 HCF of 108, 264 and 324 = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12
3 9 3 27
3 3 11 11 3 9
1 1 3 3
1
(f) 2 80 2 120 2 200 80 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5

2 40 2 60 2 100 120 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5

2 20 2 30 200 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 ×5
2 50
\3 15 HCF of 80, 120 and 200 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 40
2 10 5 25
5 5 5 5 5 5
1 1 1
2 1
2. (a) 32 6 8 (b)
56 7 8
– 6 4 8 – 5 6 2
4 3 2 2 2 5 6
– 3 2 – 4 4 1
0 12 2 2
\ HCF of 68 and 32 = 4 – 1 2 1
1 0 1 2
– 1 0 5
2 1 0
– 1 0
0
\ HCF of 78 and 56 = 2
2 1 6 5
(c) 96 2 1 8 (d) 48 7 0 2 1 3 0
– 1 9 2 3 – 4 8 2 – 1 2
2 6 9 6 2 2 4 8 1 0
– 7 8 1 – 4 4 5 – 1 0
1 8 2 6 4 2 2 0
– 1 8 2 2 0 2
8 1 8 2 4
– 1 6 4 – 4
2 8 0
– 8 \ HCF of 48, 70 and 130 = 2
0
\ HCF of 96 and 218 = 2
1 6 3 2 2 8 0
(e) 95 1 0 5 5 3 1 5 (f) 142 3 0 4 2 5 6 0
– 9 5 9 – 3 0 – 2 8 4 7 – 4
1 0 9 5 1 5 2 0 1 4 2 1 6
– 9 0 2 – 1 5 – 1 4 0 10 – 1 6
5 10 0 2 2 0 0 0
– 1 0 – 2 0 – 0
0 0 0
\ HCF of 95, 105 and 315 = 5 \ HCF of 142, 304 and 560 = 2
Exercise 3.4
1. (a) 2 12 2 18 12 = 2 × 2 × 3
2 6 3 9 18 = 2 × 3 × 3
3 3 3 3
LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 36
1 1
(b) 2 20 20 = 2 × 2 × 5
2 22
2 10 11 11 22 = 2 × 11
5 5 1
LCM = 2 × 2 × 5 × 11 = 220
1
(c) 2 32 2 48 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
2 16 2 24 48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
2 8 2 12
2 4 2 6 LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 96
2 2 3 3
1 1
(d) 5 55 55 = 5 × 11
5 105
11 11 3 21 105 = 5 × 3 × 7
1 7 7
LCM = 5 × 11 × 3 × 7 = 1,155
1
(e) 2 64 2 78 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
2 32 3 39 48 = 2 × × 3 × 13
2 16 13 13
2 8 1 LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 13 = 2,496
2 4
2 2
1
(f) 2 26 2 42 2 66 26 = 2 × 13
13 13 3 21 3 33 42 = 2 × 3 × 7
1 7 7 11 11 66 = 2 × 3 × 11
1 1 LCM = 2 × 13 × 3 × 7 × 11 = 6,006
(g) 2 98 2 112 2 144 98 = 2 × 7 × 7
2 72 112 = 2 × 7 × × 2 × 2 × 2
7 49 2 56
2 36 144 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
7 7 2 28
2 18
1 2 14
3 9 LCM = 2 × 7 × 7 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
7 7 3 3 = 7,056
1 1
(h) 2 48 2 64 2 120 48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
2 24 2 32 2 60 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
2 16 120 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
2 12 2 30
2 8
2 6 3 15
2 4 LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 2 × 2 × 5
3 3 2 2 5 5
= 64 × 15 = 960
1 1 1
(i) 5 75 5 125 5 275 75 = 3 × 5 × 5
3 15 5 25 5 55 125 = 5 × 5 × 5
5 5 5 5 11 11 275 = 5 × 5 × 11
1 1 1
LCM = 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 11 = 4,125
2. (a) 2 16, 28 (b) 2 36, 44
2 8, 14 2 18, 22
2 4, 7 3 9, 11
2 2, 7 3 3, 11
7 1, 7 11 1, 11
1, 1 1, 1
\ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 = 112 \ LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 11 = 396
(c) 2 52, 128 (d) 5 45, 120

2 26, 64 3 9, 24
2 13, 32 3 3, 8
2 13, 16
2 1, 8
2 13, 8
2 1, 4
2 13, 4
2 13, 2 2 1, 2
13 13, 1 1, 1
1, 1 \ LCM = 5 × 3 × 3 × 2 × 2 × 2
\ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 13 = 360
= 1,664
(e) 2 10, 15, 30 (f) 2 20, 60, 80
5 5, 15, 15 2 10, 30, 40
3 1, 3, 3 2 5, 15, 20
1, 1, 1 2 5, 15, 10
\ LCM = 2 × 5 × 3 5 5, 15, 5
= 30 3 1, 3, 1
1, 1, 1
\ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 3
= 240
(g) (h)
2 80, 140, 200 3 111, 243, 729
2 40, 70, 100 3 37, 81, 243
2 20, 35, 50 3 37, 27, 81
2 10, 35, 25 3 37, 9, 27
5 5, 35, 25 3 37, 3, 9
5 1, 7, 5 3 37, 1, 3
7 1, 7, 1 37 37, 1, 1
1, 1, 1 1, 1, 1
\ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 7 \ LCM = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 37
= 2,800 = 26,973
Product of the two numbers 25 × 65

3. HCF = = =5
LCM 325
4. First number = 84, HCF = 4, LCM = 1,344
HCF × LCM 4 × 1,344

Second number = = = 64
First number 84
Exercise 3.5
1. To find the biggest possible number of students, we will find the HCF of 210, 252 and 294.
1 7
210 2 5 2 42 2 9 4
– 2 1 0 5 – 2 9 4
2 2 1 0
4 0
– 2 1 0
0
\ HCF of 210, 252 and 294 is 42.

Thus, biggest possible number of students who got the balls are 42.
2. To find the greatest number of boxes, we find the HCF of 12 and 15.
1
12 1 5
– 1 2 4
3 1 2
– 1 2
0
\ HCF of 12 and 15 is 3.
Thus, the greatest number of boxes that she can pack is 3.
5 15, 20
3. To find the time at which the two buses leave together, we find the LCM
of 15 and 20. 3 3, 4
LCM of 15 min and 20 min = (5 × 3 × 2 × 2) min = 60 min = 1 h 2 1, 4
So buses leave together after every 1 hour. Since the duration of time from 2 1, 2
8 a.m. to 11 a.m. is 3 hours, so the buses will leave together 3 times. 1, 1
4. The smallest possible total number of students = LCM of 5, 13 and 17 5 5, 13, 17
= 5 × 13 × 17 = 1,105
13 1, 13, 17
17 1, 1, 17
1, 1, 1
5. To find after how many days they meet, we find the LCM of 64 and 72. 2 64, 72
\ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 2 32, 36
= 576 2 16, 18

2 8, 9
2 4, 9
2 2, 9
3 1, 9
3 1, 3
LET’S EVALUATE 1, 1
1 3
3. (a) 86 1 5 0 (b)
75 2 6 0
– 8 6 1 – 2 2 5 2
6 4 8 6 3 5 7 5
– 6 4 2 – 7 0 7
22 64 5 3 5
– 4 4 1 – 3 5
2 0 2 2 0
– 2 0 1 0 \ HCF of 75 and 260 = 5
2 2 0
– 2
0
– 0
0
\ HCF of 86 and 150 = 2
2 8 5
(c) 165 3 5 0 5 4 2 5
– 3 3 0 8 – 4 0
2 0 1 6 5 2 5
– 1 6 0 4 – 2 5
5 2 0 0
– 4 0
0
∴ HCF of 165, 350 and 425 = 5
4. (a) 2 220 2 320 220 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 11

2 110 2 160 320 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
5 55 2 80
11 11 2 40 LCM = 2 × 2 × 5 × 11 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
1 2 20 = 3,520
2 10
5 5
1
(b) 2 440 2 520 440 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 11

2 220 2 260 320 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 13
2 110 2 130
5 55 5 65 LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 11 × 13
11 11 13 13 = 5,720
1 1
(c) 350 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 7
2 350 2 400 2 550
5 175 2 200 5 275 400 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
5 35 2 100 5 55 550 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 11
7 7 2 50 11 11
LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 7 × 11
1 5 25 1
= 30,800
5 5
1
Chapter 4: Fractions—Addition and Subtraction

Exercise 4.1
4 5 7 8 14 9
1. (a) and (b) and (c) and
7 9 11 15 25 15
LCM of 7 and 9 = 63 LCM of 11 and 15 = 165 LCM of 25 and 15 = 75
4 4 × 9 36 7 7 × 15 105 14 14 × 3 42
= = = = = =
7 7×9 63 11 11 × 15 165 25 25 × 3 75
5 5 × 7 35 8 8 × 11 88 9 9×5 45
= = = = = =
9 7×9 63 15 15 × 11 165 15 15 × 5 75
36 35 4 5 105 88 7 8 42 45 14 9
> ⇒ > > ⇒ > < ⇒ <
63 63 7 9 165 165 11 15 75 75 25 15
21 17 30 17 2 3 30 23
(d) and (e) and (f) 4 and 4 i.e., and
32 26 23 7 7 5 7 5
21 21 × 13 273 30 30 × 7 210 30 30 × 5 150
= = = = = =
32 32 × 13 416 23 23 × 7 161 7 7×5 35
17 17 × 16 272 17 17 × 23 391 23 23 × 7 161
= = = = = =
26 26 × 16 416 7 7 × 23 161 5 5×7 35
273 272 21 17 210 391 30 17 150 161 2 3
> ⇒ > < ⇒ < < ⇒4 <4
416 416 32 26 161 161 23 7 35 35 7 5
11 8 7 4 5 8
(g) and (h) and (i) and
15 13 10 9 7 17
11 11 × 13 143 7 7×9 63 5 5 × 17 85
= = = = = =
15 15 × 13 195 10 10 × 9 90 7 7 × 17 119
8 8 × 15 120 4 4 × 10 40 8 8×7 56
= = = = = =
13 13 × 15 195 9 9 × 10 90 17 17 × 7 119
143 120 11 8 63 40 7 4 85 56 5 8
> ⇒ > > ⇒ > > ⇒ >
195 195 15 13 90 90 10 9 119 119 7 17
3 5 9 11 15 17
2. (a) 8 7 (b) 13 14 (c) 24 32
3 × 7 = 21 9 × 14 = 126 15 × 32 = 480
8 × 5 = 40 13 × 11 = 143 24 × 17 = 408
3 5 9 11 15 17
21 < 40 ⇒ < 7 126 < 143 ⇒ < 14 480 > 408 ⇒ >
8 13 24 32
13 17 31 28 5 71 8 73
(d) (e) (f) 6 = and 5 =
18 47 52 36 11 11 13 13
71 73
13 × 47 = 611 31 × 36 = 1,116 ⇒ 11 13
18 × 17 = 306 52 × 28 = 1,456 71 × 13 = 923
13 17 31 28
611 > 306 ⇒ > 1,116 < 1,456 ⇒ < 11 × 73 = 803
18 47 52 36
5 8
923 > 803 ⇒ 6 > 5
11 13
4 6 5 11 3 13 7 79
(g) 7 13 (h) 9 14 (i) 2 = and 8 =
5 5 9 9
13 79
4 × 13 = 52 5 × 14 = 70 ⇒
5 9
7 × 6 = 42 9 × 11 = 99 13 × 9 = 117
4 6 5 11
52 < 42 ⇒ < 70 < 99 ⇒ < 5 × 79 = 395
7 13 9 14
3 7
117 < 395 ⇒ 2 < 8
5 9
7 21 6 11 38 16
3. (a) (b) (c)
8 24 19 15 45 35
7 × 24 = 168 6 × 15 = 90 38 × 35 = 1,330
8 × 21 = 168 19 × 11 = 209 45 × 16 = 720
7 21 6 11 38 16
168 = 168 ⇒ = 90 < 209 ⇒ < 1,330 > 720 ⇒ >
8 24 19 15 45 35
23 19 8 17 9 121 6 126
(d) (e) (f) 8 = and 8 =
8 25 12 27 14 14 15 15
121 126
23 × 25 = 575 8 × 27 = 216
14 15
8 × 19 = 152 12 × 17 = 204 121 × 15 = 1,815
7 19 8 17
575 > 152 ⇒ 2 > 216 > 204 ⇒ > 14 × 126 = 1,764
8 25 12 27
9 6
1,815 > 1,764 ⇒ 8 > 8
14 15
4 13 31 17 5 53 7 51
(g) (h) (i) 3 = and 4 =
9 17 39 21 16 16 11 11
53 51
4 × 17 = 68 31 × 21 = 651
16 11
9 × 13 = 117 39 × 17 = 663 53 × 11 = 583
4 13 31 17
68 < 117 ⇒ < 651 < 663 ⇒ < 16 × 51 = 816
9 17 39 21
5 7
583 < 816 ⇒ 3 < 4
16 11
Exercise 4.3
41 15 41 + 15 56
1. (a) + = =
53 53 53 53
64 31 64 + 31 95 5 × 19 19
(b) + = = = 5 ×5×5 =
125 125 125 125 25
(c) LCM of 21 and 42 = 3 × 7 × 2 = 42 3 21, 42
15 15 × 2 30 7 7, 14
= =
21 21 × 2 42
2 1, 2
15 11 30 11 30 + 11 41
+ = + = = 1, 1
21 42 42 42 42 42
(d) LCM of 16 and 20 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 80 2 16, 20
34 34 × 5 170 11 11 × 4 44 2 8, 10
= = , = =
16 16 × 5 80 20 20 × 4 80
2 4, 5
34 11 170 44 170 + 44 214 2 × 107 107
+ = + = = = 2 × 40 = 2 2, 5
16 20 80 80 42 80 40
5 1, 5
1, 1
(e) LCM of 22 and 33 = 2 × 11 × 3 = 66 2 22, 33
19 19 × 3 57 8 8×2 16 11 11, 33
= = ; = =
22 22 × 3 66 33 33 × 2 66 3 1, 3
19 8 57 16 57 + 16 73 1, 1
+ = + = =
22 33 66 66 66 66
(f) LCM of 18 and 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 72 2 18, 24
12 12 × 4 48 9 9×3 27 3 9, 12
= = ; = =
18 18 × 4 72 24 24 × 3 72 3 3, 4
12 9 48 27 48 + 27 75 3 ×5×5 25 2 1, 4
+ = + = = = =
18 24 72 72 72 72 3 × 3 × 2 × 2 × 2 24 2 1, 2
(g) LCM of 5 and 25 = 25 1, 1
8 8 × 5 40
= =
5 5 × 5 25
8 12 40 12 40 + 12 52
+ = + = =
5 25 25 25 25 25
(h) LCM of 22 and 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 11 = 352 2 22, 32
13 13 × 16 208 21 21 × 11 231 2 11, 16
= = ; = =
22 22 × 16 352 32 32 × 11 352 2 11, 8
13 21 208 231 208 + 231 439 87 2 11, 4
+ = + = = =1 2 11, 2
22 32 352 352 352 352 352
68 42 68 – 42 26 11 11, 1
2. (a) – = = 1, 1
79 79 79 79
97 74 97 – 74 23
(b) – = =
123 123 123 123
(c) LCM of 20 and 15 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 = 60 2 20, 15

2 10, 15
13 13 × 3 39 7 7×4 28
= = ; = = 5 5, 15
20 20 × 3 60 15 15 × 4 60
3 1, 3
13 7 39 28 39 – 28 11 1, 1
– = – = =
20 15 60 60 60 60
(d) LCM of 16 and 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 48 2 16, 24

11 11 × 3 33 8 8 × 2 16 2 8, 12
= = , = = 2 4, 6
16 16 × 3 48 24 24 × 2 48
11 8 33 16 33 – 16 17 2 2, 3
– = – = = 3 1, 3
16 24 48 48 48 48
1, 1
(e) LCM of 26 and 52 = 52 2 26, 52
19 19 × 2 38 2 13, 26
= =
26 26 × 2 52 13 13, 13
19 10 38 10 38 – 10 28 2 × 2 ×7 7 1, 1
– = – = = = =
26 52 52 52 52 52 2 × 2 × 13 13
(f) LCM of 25 and 35 = 5 × 5 × 7 = 175 5 25, 35

23 23 × 7 161 19 19 × 5 95 5 5, 7
= = ; = =
25 25 × 7 175 35 35 × 5 175 7 1, 7
23 19 161 95 161 – 95 66 1, 1
– = – = =
25 35 175 175 175 175
(g) LCM of 9 and 15 = 3 × 3 × 5 = 45
3 9, 15
7 7 × 5 35 8 8 × 3 24 3 3, 5
= = ; = =
9 9 × 5 45 15 15 × 3 45 5 1, 5
7 8 35 24 35 – 24 11 1, 1
– = – = =
9 15 45 45 45 45
(h) LCM of 5 and 8 = 40
4 4 × 8 32 3 3 × 5 15
= = ; = =
5 5 × 8 40 8 8 × 5 40
4 3 32 15 32 – 15 17
– = – = =
5 8 40 40 40 40
Exercise 4.4
5 5 + 24 29 2 2 + 42 44 9 9 + 26 35
1. (a) +3= = (b) +6= = (c) +2= =
8 8 8 7 7 7 13 13 13
6 6 + 44 50 21 21 + 224 245 26 26 + 35 61
(d) + 4 = = (e) +7= = (f) + 1 = =
11 11 11 32 32 32 35 35 35
31 31 + 88 119 6 56 + 6 62 3 50 + 3 53
(g) + 2 = = (h) 8 + = = (i) 5 + = =
44 44 44 7 7 7 10 10 10
12 135 + 12 147 3 × 7 × 7 49
(j) 9 + = = = 3 ×5 =
15 15 15 5
3 45 – 3 42 6 35 – 6 29 1 8–1 7
2. (a) 9 – = = (b) 5 – = = (c) 2 – = =
5 5 5 7 7 7 4 4 4
5 32 – 5 27 4 63 – 4 59 2 33 – 2 31
(d) 4 – = = (e) 7 – = = (f) 11 – = =
8 8 8 9 9 9 3 3 3
1 18 – 1 17 6 88 – 6 82 7 108 – 7 101
(g) 6 – = = (h) 8 – = = (i) 12 – = =
3 3 3 11 11 11 9 9 9
5 42 – 5 37
(j) 3 – = =
14 14 14
2 3 7 7 3 4 13 18
3. (a) 1 + 1 = + (b) 2 + 2 = +
5 4 5 4 5 7 5 7
LCM of 5 and 4 = 20 LCM of 5 and 7 = 35
7 7 × 4 28 7 7 × 5 35 13 13 × 7 91 18 18 × 5 90
= = ; = = = = ; = =
5 5 × 4 20 4 4 × 5 20 5 5 × 7 35 7 7 × 5 35
28 35 28 + 15 63 3 91 90 90 + 91 181 6
+ = = = 3 + = = =5
20 20 20 20 20 35 35 35 35 35
1 3 22 17 5 7 32 16
(c) 3 + 2 = + (d) 3 + 1 = +
7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9
22 + 17 39 4 32 + 16 48 3 × 16 16 1
= = = 5 = = = 3 ×3 = =5
7 7 7 9 9 3 3
9 7 53 40 53 + 40 93 5
(e) 4 + 3 = + = = =8
11 11 11 11 11 11 11
4 1 14 11 14 – 11 3
4. (a) 2 – 2 = – = =
5 5 5 5 5 5
4 3 25 8 7 3 23 11
(b) 3 – 1 = – (c) 2 – 2 = –
7 5 7 5 8 4 8 4
LCM of 7 and 5 = 35 LCM of 8 and 4 = 8
25 25 × 5 125 8 8 × 7 56 11 11 × 2 22
= = ; = = = =
7 7×5 35 5 5 × 7 35 4 4×2 8
125 56 125 – 56 69 34 23 22 23 – 22 1
– = = = 1 – = =
35 35 35 35 35 8 8 8 8
9 5 53 38 53 – 38 3 1 25 12 25 – 12
(d) 4 – 3 = – = (e)
2 –1 = – =
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
15 4 13 2
= = 1 == 1
11 11 11 11
Exercise 4.5
4 2 1 4+2+1 7
1. (a) + + = =
9 9 9 9 9
8 3 5 8 – 3 + 5 5 + 5 10
(b) – + = = =
11 11 11 11 11 11
13 7 3 13 – 7 + 3 6 + 3 9 3 × 3 1
(c) – + = = = = 3 ×2× 3 =
18 18 18 18 18 18 2
32 8 21 32 + 8 – 21 40 – 21 19
(d) + – = = =
45 45 45 45 45 45
29 11 9 29 – 11 – 9 18 – 9 9
(e) – – = = =
34 34 34 34 34 34
21 2 11 21 + 2 – 11 23 – 11 12 3 ×4 4
(f) + – = = = = =
39 39 39 39 39 39 3 × 13 13
2 1 3 17 7 8
2. (a) 3 + 2 + 1 = + +
5 3 5 5 3 5
LCM of 5 and 3 = 15
17 17 × 3 51 7 7 × 5 35 8 8 × 3 24
= = ; = = ; = =
5 5 × 3 15 3 3 × 5 15 5 5 × 3 15
51 35 24 51 + 35 + 24 110 5 × 2 × 11 22 1
+ + = = = 5 × 3 = 3 = 73
15 15 15 15 15
7 1 4 43 13 13
(b) 4 + 2 + 1 = + +
9 6 9 9 6 9
LCM of 9 and 6 = 18
43 43 × 2 86 13 13 × 3 39 13 13 × 2 26
= = ; = = ; = =
9 9 × 2 18 6 6 × 3 18 9 9 × 2 18
86 39 26 86 + 39 + 26 151 7
+ + = = =8
18 18 18 18 18 18
11 1 5 37 7
(c) 5 – 2 + 3 = – +
13 2 1 13 2
LCM of 13 and 2 = 26
5 5 × 26 130 37 37 × 2 74 7 7 × 13 91
= = ; = = ; = =
1 1 × 26 26 13 13 × 2 26 2 2 × 13 26
130 74 91 130 – 74 + 91 56 + 91 147 17
– + = = = =5
26 26 26 26 26 26 26
7 5 6 15 17
(d) 6 – 1 –2 = – –
8 6 1 8 6
LCM of 8 and 6 = 24
6 6 × 24 144 15 15 × 3 45 17 17 × 4 68
= = ; = = ; = =
1 1 × 24 24 8 8 × 3 24 6 6 × 4 24
144 45 68 144 – 45 – 68 99 – 68 31 7
– – = = = =1
24 24 24 26 24 24 24
1 1 7 7 4
(e) 3 +2 –4= + –
2 3 2 3 1
LCM of 2 and 3 = 6
7 7 × 3 21 7 7 × 2 14 4 4 × 6 24
= = ; = = ; = =
2 2×3 6 3 3×2 6 1 1×6 6
21 14 24 21 + 14 – 24 35 – 24 11 5
+ – = = = =1
6 6 6 6 6 6 6
3 1 31 5 3
(f) 7 + 2 – 3 = + –
4 2 4 2 1
LCM of 4 and 2 = 4
5 5 × 2 10 3 3 × 4 12
= = ; = =
2 2×2 4 1 1×4 4
31 10 12 31 + 10 – 12 41 – 12 29 1
+ – = = = =7
4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Exercise 4.6
11 143
1. Total wood = 11 kg = kg
12 12
5 101
Wood used for making furniture = 8 kg = kg
12 12
143 101 143 – 101 42 6 ×7 7 1
Wood left with Ramesh = – = = = 6 ×2 = kg = 3 kg
12 12 12 12 2 2
5 37
2. Cups of flour used = 4 =
8 8
1 25
Cups of sugar = 3 =
8 8
37 25 37 – 25 12
Flour is more than sugar by cups – cups = cups = cups
8 8 8 8
2 × 2 ×3 3 1
= 2 × 2 × 2 cups = 2 cups = 1 2 cups
93
3. Distance of Pulkit’s home from school = km
10
1 61
Distance of Raghav’s home from school = 6 km = km
10 10
93 61 93 – 61 32 2 ×2×2×2×2
Difference in distance = km – km = km = km = 2 ×5 km
10 10 10 10
16 1
=km = 3 km
5 5
1
\ Pulkit lives 3 km farther than Raghav.
5
5 13
4. Distance walked = 1 km = km
8 8
1 19
Distance travelled by bus = 3 km = km
6 6
11
Distance travelled by taxi = km
4
13 19 11
Total distance travelled = km + km + km
8 6 4
LCM of 8, 16, 4 = 24
13 13 × 3 39 19 19 × 4 76 11 11 × 6 66
= = ; = = ; = =
8 8 × 3 24 6 6 × 4 24 4 4 × 6 24
39 76 66 39 + 76 + 66 181 13
\ km + km + km = km = km = 7 km
24 24 24 24 24 24
LET’S EVALUATE
3 5 1
4. (a) + –
8 6 4
LCM of 8, 6 and 4 = 24
3 3×3 9 5 5 × 4 20 1 1 × 6 6
= = ; = = ; = =
8 8 × 3 24 6 6 × 4 24 4 4 × 6 24
9 20 6 9 + 20 – 6 29 – 6 23
+ – = = =
24 24 24 24 24 24
2 3 7 13 30 – 7 – 13 23 – 13 10
(b) 6 – 1 – 2 = 6 – – = = = =2
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
3 1 51 17
(c) 12 – 8 = –
4 2 4 2
LCM of 4 and 2 = 4
17 17 × 2 34
= =
2 2×2 4
51 34 51 – 34 17 1
– = = =4
4 4 4 4 4
3 11
6. Total oil = 2 cups = cups
4 4
1 5
Oil poured first time = 1 cups = cups
4 4
1
Oil poured second time = cups
2
5 1 5 2 5+2 7
Total oil poured = cups + cup = cups + cup = cups = cups
4 2 4 4 4 4
11 7 11 – 7 4
Oil left = cups – cups = cups = cups = 1 cup
4 4 4 4
1
7. Fraction of pizza Ricky ate =
5
2
Fraction of pizza Sam ate =
3
1 2 3 + 10
Fraction of pizza left = 1 – + = 1 –
5 3 15
13 15 – 13 2
= 1– = =
15 15 15
7 19
Water poured first time = 1 litres = litres
12 12
1 61
ater poured second time = 5 litres =
W litres
12 12
19 61 80
Total water in bucket = + = litres
12 12 12
1 9
Water taken out from bucket = 2 litres = litres
4 4
80 9 80 27 80 – 27 53 5
Water left in bucket = litres – litres = litres – litres = litres = litres = 4 litres
12 4 12 12 12 12 12
Chapter 5: Fractions—Multiplication and Division

Exercise 5.1
2
3 3 × 7 21 2 2×4 8 4 4× 6 8
1. (a) × 7 = = (b) × 4 = = (c) × 6 = =
5 5 5 7 7 7 9 9 3
3
2
7 7× 8 14 2 2 × 9 18 1 1×5 5
(d) × 8 = = (e) ×9= = (f) × 5 = =
12 12 3 5 5 5 3 3 3
3
9 9 × 11 99 5 5 × 3 15 6 6 ×7 7
(g) × 11 = = (h) ×3= = (i) ×7= =
20 20 20 11 11 11 24 24 4
4
7
7 7 × 2 14 13 13 × 1 0 13 1 1 × 14 7
(j) × 2 = = (k) × 10 = = (l) × 14 = =
9 9 9 30 30 3 8 8 4
4
6 3
2 2× 5 2 13 13 × 5 13 9 12 × 9 18
(m) × 5 = = (n) × 5 = 35 = (o) 12 × = =
15 15 3 35 7 30 30 5
3 7 10
5
6
4 4 4 × 30 1 1 50
2. (a) of ` 30 = × 30 = = 24 (b) of 400 g = × 400 = 50
5 5 5 8 8
1 1
4 1
\ of ` 30 = ` 24 \ of 400 g = 50 g
5 8
1 1 5 2 2 3
(c) of 5 kg = × 5 = (d) of 9 km = × 9 = 6
4 4 4 3 3
1
1 5 2
\ of 5 kg = kg of 9 km = 6 km
4 4 3
3
5 5 2 2 2 × 27
(e) of 8 km = of 8,000 m (f) of 27 L = × 27 = =6
6 6 9 9 9
4,000 1
5 5 × 8,000 20,000 2
= × 8,000 = = \ of 27 L = 6 L
6 6 3 9
3
5 20,000
\ of 8 km = m
6 3
5 5 105 3 3
(g) of ` 21 = × 21 = (h) of 33 L = of 33,000 mL
8 8 8 11 11
3,000
5 3 105 3 × 33,000
\ of ` 21 = `
= × 33000 = = 9,000
8 11 8 11
3 1
\ of 33 L = 9,000 mL
11
Exercise 5.2
1 1
4 3 4 × 3 1 2 4 2×4 8 3 6 3 × 6 18
1. (a) × = = (b) × = = (c) × = =
9 8 9 × 8 6 3 5 3 × 5 15 7 11 7 × 11 77
3 2
1 4 2 1
5 12 5 × 12 4 11 8 11 × 8 22 9 2 9× 2 9
(d) × = = (e) × = = (f) × = =
9 15 9 × 15 9 12 13 12 × 13 39 16 7 16 × 7 56
3 3 3 8
1 1 1 1 4
11 5 11 × 5 1 6 6× 3 6 6 32 6 × 32 4
(g) × = = (h) × 3 = = (i) × = =
15 22 15 × 22 6 21 21 7 24 18 24 × 18 9
3 2 7 3 3
1 1
7 9 7 × 9 1
(j) × = =
36 28 36 × 28 16
4 4
2 2 5 2 × 2 ×5 5
2. (a) × × = 2 × 2 ×7×9=
4 7 9 63
5 3 1 2 5× 3 ×1× 2 5
(b) × × × 3 = 12 × 7 × × 3 =
12 7 6 6 252
3
2 1
7 8 3 7× 8 × 3 7×2 14
(c) × × = = =
9 11 4 9 × 11 × 4 3 × 11 33
3 1
1 2
6 26 5 6 × 26 × 5 2 × 5 10
(d) × × = = =
13 42 9 13 × 42 × 9 7 × 9 63
1 7
1 1 2
11 30 6 4 11 × 30 × 6 × 4 2×4 8
(e) × × × = = =
15 33 7 30 15 × 33 × 7 × 30 5 × 3 × 7 105
3 1
2
4 1
8 8 5 8 × 8 ×5 2 × 5 10
(f) × × = 14 × = =
14 16 9 16 × 9 7 × 9 63
7 2
1
5 (1 × 7) + 5 7+5 12 36 1
3. (a) 1×3= ×3= ×3= × 3 = 7 = 57
7 7 7 7
3 (2 × 5) + 3 10 + 3 13 26 1
(b) 2 × 2 = ×2= ×2= × 2 = 5 = 55
5 5 5 5
1 (3 × 2) + 1 6+1 7 35 1
(c) 3 × 5 = ×5= ×5= × 5 = 2 = 17 2
2 2 2 2
2
1 3 (2 × 4) + 1 (1 × 5) + 3 (8 + 1) (5 + 3) 9 8 18 3
(d) 2 × 1 = × = × = × = 5 = 35
4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5
1
9 3
18 15 18 × 15 9 × 3 27 6
(e) × = = = 7 =3
5 14 5 × 14 1×7 7
1 7 7 1
1 5 (4 × 5) + 1 5 (20 + 1) 5 21 5 7 1
(f) 4 × = × = × = × 9 = 3 = 23
5 9 5 9 5 9 5
1 3
1 5
6 55 6 × 55 1 × 5 5 2
(g) × = × 18 = 1 × 3 = 3 = 1 3
11 18 11
1 3
1
4 7 ×4 1×4 4
(h) 7 × = 35 = 5 = 5
35
5
11
3 5 (6 × 5) + 3 (2 × 3) + 5 (30 + 3) (6 + 5) 33 11 121 1
(i) 6 ×2 = × = × = × 3 = 5 = 24 5
5 3 5 3 5 3 5
7 1 1
28 1 28 (2 × 4) + 1 28 (8 + 1) 28 9 7 1
(j) ×2 = × = × = × 4 = 3 = 23
27 4 27 4 27 4 27
3 1
Exercise 5.3
1 2 11 5
= 7 × 3 = 21
2. (a) 7 ÷ (b) 22 ÷ = 22 × = 11 × 5 = 55
3 5 2
3 5 65 3 10 10
(c) 13 ÷ = 13 × = (d) 30 ÷ = 30 × = 10 × 10 = 100
5 3 3 10 3
2
1 7 3 96 6 3 6 1 2×1 2
(e) 32 ÷ 2 = 32 ÷ = 32 × = (f) ÷ = 7 × 3 = =
3 3 7 7 7 1 7×1 7
3
5 2 5 1 5×1 5 4 5 4 1 4×1 4
(g) ÷ = × = = (h) ÷ = × = =
11 1 11 2 11 × 2 22 9 1 9 5 9 × 5 45
1
2 3
8 4 8 1 2×1 2 24 8 24 1 1×1 1
(i) ÷ = 15 × 4 = = (j) ÷ = × 8 = =
15 1 15 × 1 15 15 1 15 5×1 5
1 5 1
13 2 13 1 13 × 1 13 13 6 13 1 13 × 1 13
(k) ÷ = × = = (l) ÷ = × = =
7 1 7 2 7 × 2 14 10 1 10 6 10 × 6 60
3
6 13 (33 + 6) 1 39 1 3×1 3
(m) 3 ÷ = × = × 13 = =
11 1 11 13 11 11 × 1 11
1
1
3 1 (32 + 3) (8 + 1) 35 9 35 4 35 × 1 35 17
(n) 4 ÷ 2 = ÷ = ÷ = × = 2 × 9 = 18 = 1 18
8 4 8 4 8 4 8 9
2
1 25 (15 + 1) 25 16 25 5 25 × 5 125 13
(o) 25 ÷ 3 = ÷ = ÷ = × = = = 7 16
5 1 5 1 5 1 16 16 × 1 16
1 3 3 2
2 8 2 21 1 × 3 3 6 14 6 22 3 × 2 6
3. (a) ÷ = × 8 = = (b) ÷ = × 14 = =
7 21 7 1×4 4 11 22 11 1×7 7
1 4 1 7
1 13 3
7 1 7 3 7×1 7 26 8 26 15 13 × 3 39
(c) ÷ = 9 × = = (d) ÷ = × 8 = =
9 3 1 3×1 3 25 15 25 5×4 20
3 5 4
5 9
1 20 (24 + 1) 20 25 18 5 × 9 45
(e) 3 ÷ = ÷ = × 20 = 4 × 4 = 16
8 18 8 18 8
4 4
7 4
1 3 (20 + 1) 3 21 16 7×4
(f) 5 ÷ = ÷ = × 3 = 1 × 1 = 28
4 16 4 16 4
1 1
3
5 4 (36 + 5) (54 + 4) 41 58 41 27 41 × 3 123
(g) 4 ÷ 2 = ÷ = ÷ = × = = 58
9 27 9 27 9 27 9 58 1 × 58
1
1 3
1 8 (21 + 1) (36 + 8) 22 44 22 9 1×3 3
(h) 7 ÷ 4 = ÷ = ÷ = × =1×2= 2
3 9 3 9 3 9 3 44
1 2
3 5 4 1
48 16 48 25 3 × 5 15 72 18 72 13 4 × 1 4
(i) ÷ = × = = (j) ÷ = × = =
35 25 35 16 7 × 1 7 39 13 39 18 3 × 1 3
7 1 3 1
Exercise 5.4
1 1 1 1 1
1. Fraction of students that play string instruments = 2 of 2 = 2 × 2 = 4
2 (4 × 3) + 2 12 + 2 14
2. Time spent by Tanu = 43 hours = 3 hours = 3 hours = hours
3
14 2 × 14 28 1
Time spent by Shreya = 2 × hours = 3 hours = 3 hours = 9 3 hours
3
1 (2 × 5) + 1 10 + 1 11
3. Weight of 1 cement block = 2 kg = 5 kg = 5 kg = kg
5 5
11 1
\ Weight of 5 cement blocks = × 5 = 11 kg
5
1
1
4. Oatmeal used in 1 batch of cookies = of barrel
4
1
Barrel of oatmeal used in 1 day =
2
1 1 1 2 1×2
\ Batches of cookies made = ÷ = × 4 =1×1=2
2 4 2
1
1
5. Cake left =
4
1 1 1 1 1
Cake taken by each employee = of = × =
2 4 2 4 8
1 5 3 23
6. Distance walked in 2 hours (i.e., hours) = 5 km = km
2 2 4 4
1
23 5 23 2 23 × 1 23 3
Distance walked in 1 hour = ÷ = × = 2 × 5 = 10 = 2 10 km
4 2 4 5
2
1 7
7. Cost of 3 2 kg (i.e., kg) of apples = ` 280
2
1 7 40 2
Cost of 1 kg of apples = ` 280 ÷ 3 = ` 280 ÷ = ` 280 × = ` 80
2 2 7
1
LET’S EVALUATE
1
1 2
6 3 6 × 3 18 4 22 1 × 1 1
1. (a) × 9 = 5 = 5 (b) × = =
15 11 16 1 × 2 2
5 1 4
2
13
5 1 (21 + 5) (18 + 1) 26 19 13 × 19 247
(c) 3 × 3 = × = × 6 = 7 × 3 = 21
7 6 7 6 7
1 2 3
3 10 2 2 × 2 4
(d) × × =3×7=
5 9 7 21
1 3 1
3
2 4 (15 + 2) (9 + 4) 17 13 17 × 13 221
(e) 3 × 1 × 15 = × × 15 = 5 × 9 × 15 = 1 × 3 = 3
5 9 5 9
1 3 2
2 1 4
12 6 12 1 2×1 2 7 14 7 32 1 × 2 2
2. (a) ÷ = × 6 = = (b) ÷ = × =1×1= 1 =2
25 1 25 25 × 1 25 8 32 8 14
1 1 2
1 3 1
3 1 (20 + 3) (45 + 1) 23 46 23 15 1 × 3 3
(c) 4 ÷3 = ÷ = ÷ = × = =
5 15 5 15 5 15 5 46 1 × 2 2
1 2
39 9
8 28 (70 + 8) 28 78 28 78 63 39 × 9 351
(d) 10 ÷ = ÷ = ÷ = × = = 14
7 63 7 63 7 63 7 28 1 × 14
1 14
2 5
64 32 64 55 2 × 5 10
(e) ÷ = × = =
33 55 33 32 3 × 1 3
3 1
5 54 + 5 59
4. Product of two numbers = 6 = =
9 9 9
2 36 + 2 38
One number = 4 = =
9 9 9
1
59 38 59 9 59 21
Other number = ÷ = 9 × 38 = 38 = 1 38
9 9
1
1
5. Fraction of pizza left = 6
1 1 1 1 1
Fraction of pizza Devesh ate on Sunday = of = × =
3 6 3 6 18
1
1. Total grapes = of bowl
3
2 1 2 1 2
Fraction of grapes Sandy ate = of = × =
3 3 3 3 9
2. Cost of 1 kg of sugar = ` 32
3 3 4 35
Cost of 4 kg of sugar = ` 32 × 4 = ` 32 × = ` 140
8 8 8
1
Chapter 7: Decimals—Four Operations
Exercise 7.1
2. (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 1
6 0 . 2 8 5 9 . 8 0 1 8 . 2 0
+ 7 1 . 4 3 + 3 7 . 0 4 2 5 . 3 6
1 3 1 . 7 1 9 6 . 8 4 + 9 0 . 0 8
1 3 3 . 6 4
(d) 1 (e) 1 1 (f) 1
3 4 5 . 2 1 2 1 0 4 . 6 8 1 3 . 2 4 6
+ 1 2 6 . 7 2 5 2 1 . 2 9 + 7 6 . 0 8 0
4 7 1 . 9 3 + 1 7 3 . 8 0 8 9 . 3 2 6
2 7 9 9 . 7 7
(g) 1 (h) 1 1 (i) 1

1 9 2 . 2 1 0 3 1 6 . 1 8 7 8 . 6 1 0
7 0 6 . 4 5 0 2 4 . 2 0 + 8 9 . 0 2 5
+ 8 . 0 1 2 + 5 0 . 3 6 1 6 7 . 6 3 5
8 0 6 . 6 7 2 3 9 0 . 7 4
3. (a) 9 9 (b) 3 10 (c) 9 11

4 10 10 14 3 1 7 . 5 4 0 3 10 10 5 1 10
5 0 . 0 4 – 1 0 5 . 0 2 6 4 0 0 . 6 2 0
– 3 9 . 2 6 2 1 2 . 5 1 4 – 2 0 4 . 1 9 4
1 0 . 7 8 1 9 6 . 4 2 6
(d) 5 10 3 12 (e) 15 (f) 11

5 6 0 4 . 2 1 1 13 4 5 17 6 1 10
– 1 1 2 3 . 7 0 2 2 3 5 . 6 7 1 3 4 . 7 2 0
4 4 8 0 . 5 1 – 5 3 . 8 9 – 1 2 . 0 2 9
2 1 8 1 . 7 8 1 2 2 . 6 9 1
(g) 12 (h) 9 9 9 (i) 9

1 10 1 2 10 0 10 10 10 12 3 10 10 6 11
1 2 0 . 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 . 2 6 4 0 0 . 7 1
– 8 . 0 7 5 – 5 . 6 4 – 3 7 1 . 0 6
1 1 2 . 1 5 5 9 9 4 . 6 2 0 2 9 . 6 5
4. (a) 1 1 0 11 1 10 (b) 14 11 1
0 4 1 14
7 1 . 2 6 1 1 2 . 0 5 1 5 . 2 4
1 8 . 8 9
+ 4 0 . 7 9 – 3 1 . 8 0 + 1 2 . 9 0
– 6 . 3 5
1 1 2 . 0 5 8 0 . 2 5 2 1 . 7 9
8 . 8 9
(c) 2 1 1 (d) 9 9 . 9 9 9 10 7 0 . 4 6
6 5 . 7 9 0 8 10 0 11
– 9 . 8 8 9 0 . 1 1 + 3 0 . 2 0
2 9 . 1 0 3 9 0 . 1 1 1 0 0 . 6 6
– 1 9 . 6 5
+ 3 8 . 9 2 1
7 0 . 4 6
1 3 3 . 8 1 4
(e) 1 1 1 1 9 9 10 10 (f) 12 7 10
0 10 10 0 0 10 0 2 14 7 10 3 6 . 8 0 5
9 9 9 . 9 9 1 0 0 1 . 1 0 1 3 4 . 8 8 0 – 6 . 2 7 0
+ 1 . 1 1 – 2 5 8 . 6 7 – 9 8 . 0 7 5 3 0 . 5 3 5
1 0 0 1 . 1 0 7 4 2 . 4 3 3 6 . 8 0 5

(g) 1 1 10 (h) 11 1 1
6 8 . 1 4 5 7 9 . 2 0 8 7 1 10
2 13
8 0 6 . 5 5 1 3 . 3 4
– 0 . 0 2 4 . 2
+ 1 1 . 0 6 3 + 6 . 7 9 – 2 . 8 4
7 9 . 1 8 4 – 1 . 6 5

7 9 . 2 0 8 1 3 . 3 4 1 0 . 5 0
(i) 1 9 6 . 5 5
2 1 . 4 9 6 10 10
3 8 . 7 0 0
+ 1 7 . 2 1
– 2 0 . 1 4 9
3 8 . 7 0
1 8 . 5 5 1
Exercise 7.2
1 1
1. Apples bought = 2 . 7 5 0 kg
Grapes bought = 1 . 2 5 0 kg
Mangoes bought = + 3 . 5 0 0 kg
Total fruits bought = 7 . 5 0 0 kg
1
2. Distance walked = 2 . 5 km
Distance travelled by bus = + 6 . 5 km
Total distance travelled = 9 . 0 km
Distance Rajiv has to travel more = 11.250 km – (2.5 + 6.5) km = 11.250 km – 9.0 km = 2.250 km
1 1
3. Rain on Monday = 3 . 5 0 cm
Rain on Tuesday = 2 . 2 5 cm
Rain on Wednesday = + 1 . 7 5 cm
Total rain in 3 days = 7 . 5 0 cm
4. Total wood = 0 . 9 m
Wood chopped of f = – 0 . 7 m
Wood left = 0 . 2 m
1
5. Gram flour = 0 . 2 5 0 kg
Sugar = 0 . 0 0 5 kg
Salt = 0 . 0 1 5 kg
Curd = + 0 . 1 0 0 kg
Total quantity of ingredients = 0 . 3 7 0 kg
6. Total juice = 3.5 L = 3.5 × 1,000 mL = 3,500 mL
1
Apple juice = 2 5 0 mL
Orange juice = 3 7 0 mL
Pineapple juice = + 5 0 0 mL
Total quantity of juice = 1 1 2 5 mL
9
4 10 10
Total quantity of fruit punch = 3 5 0 0 mL
Total quantity of juice mixed = – 1 1 2 5 mL
Mango juice to be added = 2 3 7 5 mL
Exercise 7.3
2. (a) 1 2 (b) 1 (c) 4 3 7
8 . 3 7 0 . 0 6 3 1 5 . 4 9
× 4 × 2 × 8
3 3 . 4 8 0 . 1 2 6 1 2 3 . 9 2
(d) 1 . 0 7 6 (e) 9
6 (f)
× 1 1 × 4 . 5 × 1 3 . 0 8
1 3 0 7 2
1 0 7 6 + 2 4 0 2 7 0 0
+ 1 0 7 6 0 2 7 . 0 + 9 0 0 0
1 1 . 8 3 6 1 1 7 . 7 2
(g) 1 2 1
(h) (i) 2 1
3 1
1 1
6 0 . 0 5 9 3 . 1 2
2 2 . 3
× 1 3 . 7 × 8 . 4 1
× 7 . 5
1 4 2 0 3 5 1
1 1 1 5
1 2 9 3 1 2
+ 1 5 6 1 0 1 8 0 1 5 0
3 7 2 4 8 0
1 6 7 . 2 5 + 6 0 0 5 0 0
+ 7 4 4 9 6 0 0
8 2 2 . 6 8 5
7 8 3 . 1 3 9 2
(j) 2 5 3 (k) 2 2 2 (l) 1 2 7

2 5 3 4 4 1 4 2 6
5 . 2 6 4 1 6 8 . 2 7 3 1 . 2 9
× 8 . 9 × 3 . 6 × 8 . 7
4 7 3 7 6 1 1
+ 4 2 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 9 6 2 2 1 9 0 3
4 6 . 8 4 9 6 + 5 0 4 8 1 0 + 2 5 0 3 2 0
6 0 5 .7 7 2 2 7 2 .2 2 3
3 4 5 (b)
4. (a) 1 5
1
9 5 . 6 8 3
4 1 . 6
× 7 6 . 8 1
× 2 . 3 6 6 9 . 7 6 × 7 . 0 4
1 2 4 8 1
2 7 2 4
+ 8 3 2 0
9 5 . 6 8 + 4 7 6 7 0 0

4 7 . 9 4 2 4
\ 41.6 × 2.3 × 7 = 669.76 \ 6.81 × 7.04 × 10 = 479.424
1 5 1 1 3 3 3
(c) 4 1 4 2 . 7 8 8
1

2 1 . 9 × 4 . 1
× 6 . 5 2 1 1
1 4 3 8 1 4 2 7 8 8
1 0 9 5 0 + 5 7 1 1 5 2 0
+ 1 3 1 4 0 0 5 8 5 . 4 3 0 8
1 4 2 . 7 8 8
\ 21.9 × 6.52 × 4.1 = 585.4308
7 3 7 1 3
(d) 1 1 1 1 1 5
1 2 1 1
3 2 3 . 1 9 0
9 2 . 3 4 1 9 3 9 . 1 4 0
× 6
× 3 . 5 × 8 . 2
1 9 3 9 . 1 4 0
1 1 1
1 4 6 1 7 0 3 8 7 8 2 8 0
+ 2 7 7 0 2 0 + 1 5 5 1 3 1 2 0 0
3 2 3 . 1 9 0 1 5 9 0 0 . 9 4 8 0
\ 92.34 × 3.5 × 6 × 8.2 = 15900.948

(e) 2 3 4 (f) 2 2 7 3 7 1 3
1 2 2 1 1 1
7 4 6 8 . 1 3 3 2 5 . 8 5 5 2
7 . 9 8 × 6 . 5
× 5 . 3
2 2 4 0 4 3 × 3 . 2 4 1
+ 3 7 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 1 2 9 2 7 6 0
1 3 1 9 2 + 1 5 5 1 3 1 2 0
3 9 5 8 0 . 9 3
1 5 9 6 0 1 6 8 . 0 5 8 8 0
\ 100 × 74.681 × 5.3 = 39580.93 + 2 3 9 4 0 0
2 5 . 8 5 5 2
\ 7.98 × 3.24 × 6.5 = 168.05880
Exercise 7.4
8 .3 9
1. (a) 7 5 8 .7 3 Check: 58.73 ÷ 7 = 8.39, remainder = 0
2 7 (7 × 8.39) + 0 = 58.73 + 0 = 58.73
– 2 1
6 3
– 6 3
0 0
1 7 .4 2
(b) 8 1 3 9 .3 6 Check: 139.36 ÷ 8 = 17.42, remainder = 0
– 8 (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend
5 9 (8 × 17.42) + 0 = 139.36
– 5 6
3 3
– 3 2
1 6
– 1 6
0
7 .2 6
(c) 3 2 1 .7 8 Check: 21.78 ÷ 3 = 7.26, remainder = 0
0 7 (3 × 7.26) + 0 = 21.78
– 0 6
1 8
– 1 8
0 0
0 .0 6 1 9

(d) 12 0 .7 4 3 2 Check: 0.7432 ÷ 12 = 0.0619, remainder = 0.0004
7
(12 × 0.0619) + 0.0004 = 0.7428 + 0.0004
– 0
7 4 (Since 4 is coming after 3 decimal places)

– 7 2 = 0.7432
– 1 2
1 1 2
– 1 0 8
4
1 0 1 .5 9 7 5
(e) 4 4 0 6 .3 9 0 0 Check: 406.39 ÷ 4 = 101.5975, remainder = 0
0 0 (4 × 101.5975) + 0 = 406.39 + 0 = 406.39
– 0 Thus, the division is correct.
0 6
– 0 4
2 3
– 2 0
0 3 9
– 3 6
0 3 0
– 2 8
2 0
– 2 0
0
0 .9 1 2 5 7 .0 9 1 6 .0 8
2. (a) 8 7 .3 0 0 0 (b) 12 8 5 .0 8 (c)
5 8 0 .40
– 0 – 8 4 – 5
7 3 1 0 3 0
– 7 2 – 0 0 – 3 0
1 0 1 0 8 4
– 8 – 1 0 8 – 0
2 0 0 4 0
– 1 6 – 4 0
4 0 0
– 4 0
0
2 1 3 .3 7 5 2 .3 0 8 7 5
(d) 2 4 2 6 .7 5 0 (e)
4 9 .23 5 0 0
– 4 – 8
0 2 1 2
– 2 – 1 2
0 6 0 3
– 6 – 0
0 7 3 5
– 6 – 3 2
1 5 3 0
– 1 4 – 2 8
1 0 2 0
– 1 0 – 2 0
0 0
Exercise 7.5
1
1. Cost of 1 glue stick = ` 11.25 1 1 . 2 5
Cost of 3 glue sticks = ` 11.25 × 3 = ` 33.75 × 3
3 3 . 7 5
4 3
2 . 7 5
2. Length of cloth needed for 1 shirt = 2.75 m × 1 6
Length of cloth required for 16 shirts = 2.75 m × 16 = 44 m 1
1 6 5 0
1 2 .7 1 + 2 7 5 0
4 5 0 .8 4 4 4 . 0 0
– 4
1 0
3. Money earned in 4 hours = ` 50.84 – 0 8
Money earned in 1 hour = ` 50.84 ÷ 4 = ` 12.71 2 8
– 2 8
0 4
– 4
0
4 7 .4 9
5 2 3 7 .4 5
– 2 0
4. Juice produced in 5 minutes = 237.45 litres 3 7
Juice produced in 1 minute = 237.45 ÷ 5 = 47.49 litres – 3 5
2 4
– 2 0
0 4 5
5. Cost of 1 chocolate = ` 5.35 – 4 5
Cost of 4 chocolates = ` 5.35 × 4 = ` 21.40 0
Cost of 1 cold drink = ` 10.50
Cost of 3 cold drinks = 3 × ` 10.50 = ` 31.50
Cost of 1 packet of wafers = ` 9.75 1 1
9 9 9
Cost of 5 packets of wafers = 5 × ` 9.75 = ` 48.75 2 1 . 4 0 4 10 10 10 10
Total money spent = ` 21.40 + ` 31.50 + ` 48.75 = ` 101.65 3 1 . 5 0 5 0 0 . 0 0
Money with Arushi = ` 500 + 4 8 . 7 5 – 1 0 1 . 6 5
Money left = ` 500 – ` 101.75 = ` 398.35 1 0 1 . 6 5 3 9 8 . 3 5
6. Sauce in 1 bottle = 1.25 litres
Sauce in 5 bottles = 5 × 1.25 litres = 6.25 litres 2 5 .5
4 1 0 2 .0
7. Total paper towel in 4 rolls = 102 m
– 8
Paper towel in 1 roll = 102 m ÷ 4 = 25.50 m 2 2
– 2 0
8. Pasta made in 8 minutes = 374 kg 2 0
Pasta made in 1 minute = 374 kg ÷ 8 = 46.75 kg – 2 0
Pasta made in 15 minutes = 46.75 × 15 kg = 701.25 kg 0
4 6 .7 5
8 3 7 4 .0 0
– 3 2 3 3 2
5 4 4 6 . 7 5
– 4 8
× 1 5
6 0
– 5 6 1 1 1
0 4 0 2 3 3 7 5
– 4 0 + 4 6 7 5 0
0 7 0 1 . 2 5
LET’S EVALUATE
1. (a) 1 1 1 1 (b) 1 1 (c) 1 1
2 0 8 . 7 5 1 6 4 3 . 8 1 9 8 4 . 3 1 5
+ 9 2 . 3 6 + 7 4 5 . 9 2 + 7 6 . 2 4 0
3 0 1 . 1 1 2 3 8 9 . 7 3 1 0 6 0 . 5 5 5
2. (a) 9 (b) 13 10 (c) 6 10

6 10 10 4 10 4 3 0 12 3 2 7 . 0 5
7 0 . 0 5 0 5 4 1 . 2 8
– 2 0 4 . 8 1
– 2 9 . 7 2 4 – 1 6 7 . 3 2
1 2 2 . 2 4
4 0 . 3 2 6 3 7 3 . 9 6
3. (a) 3 1 3 7 (b) 1 1 (c) 3 6 5

1 1 2 1 3 6 4
7 4 1 . 3 8 1 4 3 2 4 . 0 7 6
1 3 9 . 6
× 9 . 2 × 9 . 8
1 1 × 2 . 3 5 1 1
1 4 8 2 7 6 2 1 1 9 2 6 0 8
+ 6 6 7 2 4 2 0 1 6 9 8 0 + 2 1 6 6 8 4 0
1 4 1 8 8 0 2 3 5 . 9 4 4 8
6 8 2 0 . 6 9 6
+ 2 7 9 2 0 0
3 2 8 . 0 6 0
4 3 .2 6 7 5 .0 23 9 2 .7 6
12
4. (a) 9 3 8 9 .38 (b) 9 0 0 .2 7 6 (c)
8 7 4 2 .08
– 3 6 – 8 4 – 7 2
0 2 9 0 6 0 2 2
– 2 7 – 6 0 – 1 6
2 3 0 2 6 0
– 1 8 – 0 – 5 6
5 8 2 7 4 8
– 5 4 – 2 4 – 4 8
4 3 6 0
– 3 6
0
9 9
2 10 10 10 4 10
5. Money in shop on Monday = ` 1,284.25 3 0 0 0 . 5 0
Money at the end of one day = ` 3,000.50 – 1 2 8 4 . 2 5
Total sale = ` 3,000.50 – ` 1,284.25 = ` 1,726.25 1 7 1 6 . 2 5
7 15
6. Total capacity to hold petrol = 48.5 L 4 8 . 5
Petrol filled = 36.8 L – 3 6 . 8
Petrol that can be filled = 48.5 L – 36.8 L = 11.7 L 1 1 . 7
11 10
7. 1 1 1 8 1 0 16
8 1 . 6 2 1 8 . 7 5 2 9 2 . 1 6
+ 2 1 0 . 5 4 + 1 0 5 . 9 2 – 1 2 4 . 6 7
2 9 2 . 1 6 1 2 4 . 6 7 1 6 7 . 4 9
2 17 8 12
8. 4 6 . 0 5 2 1 3 7 . 7 9 2
+ 9 1 . 7 4 0
– 2 9 . 0 4 3
1 3 7 . 7 9 2
1 0 8 . 7 4 9
\ 108.749 should be subtracted.

2. (a) In England, 1 pound = ` 77.76
(b) 1 U.S.A. Dollar = ` 39.70
10 U.S.A. Dollar = ` 39.70 × 10 = ` 397
Money left with Mithun = ` 370 – ` 350 = ` 20
(c) 1,000 Dirham = ` 10.80 × 1,000 = ` 1,080
2,000 Sri Lankan Rupees = ` 0.37 × 2,000 = ` 740
Majeed’s father gets more Indian rupees as salary.
(d) 1 Yuan = ` 5.50
30 Yuan = ` 5.50 × 30 = `165
1. Food dog eats in 1 day = 0.2 kg

Food dog eats in 7 days (1 week) = 7 × 0.2 kg = 1.4 kg
2. Total money with Honey = ` 1,450.25
2 1
Price of story book = ` 2 1 0 . 5 0
Price of shoes = ` 9 1 5 . 7 5
Price of school bag = + ` 4 2 0 . 7 5 9
Total money spent = ` 1 5 4 7 . 0 0 > ` 1,450.25 4 14 6 10 10
1 5 4 7 . 0 0
Honey does not have sufficient money. – 1 4 5 0 . 2 5
Money she is short of = ` 1,547.00 – ` 1,450.25 0 0 9 6 . 7 5
= ` 96.75
Chapter 8: Measurement
Exercise 8.1
1. (a) 4 dam = 4 × 1,000 = 4,000 cm (b) 13 km = 13 × 10,000 dm = 1,30,000 dm
(c) 7 g = 7 × 1,000 mg = 7,000 mg (d) 22 hg = 22 × 100 g = 2,200 g
(e) 36 L = 36 × 100 cL = 36,000 cL (f) 9 daL = 9 × 100 dL = 900 dL
1 1
(g) 4 dm = 4 × 1,000 hm = 0.004 hm (h) 2,500 cm = 2,5 00 × 1 00 m = 25 m
1 75 1
(i) 750 cg = 75 0 × 10 0 g = 10 g = 7.5 g (j) 18 dg = 18 × 10,000 kg = 0.0018 kg
1 78
(k) 7,800 mL = 7,8 00 × 1,0 00 L = 10 L= 7.8 L
1
(l) 99 dL = 99 × 10,000 kL = 0.0099 kL
(m) 15 km 8 m = 15 km + 8 m = (15 × 1,000) m + 8 m = 15,000 m + 8 m = 15,008 m
(n) 11 dm 25 cm = 11 dm + 25 cm = (11 × 1,000) cm + 25 cm = 11,000 cm + 25 cm = 11,025 cm
(o) 3 hg 106 g = 3 hg + 106 g = (3 × 1,000) dg + (106 × 10) dg
= 3,000 dg + 1,060 dg = 4,060 dg
(p) 19 kg 4 dag = 19 kg + 4 dag = (19 × 100) dag + 4 dag = 1,900 dag + 4 dag = 1,904 dag
(q) 52 hL 45 dL = 52 hL + 45 dL = (52 × 1,000) dL + 45 dL = 52,000 dL + 45 dL = 52,045 dL
(r) 26 L 375 mL = 26 L + 375 mL = (26 × 1,000) mL + 375 mL = 26,000 mL + 375 mL
= 26,375 mL
1
2. (a) 38 dam + 46 cm = 38 dam + 46 × 1,000 dam = 38 dam + 0.046 dam = 38.046 dam
1
(b) 8 hm + 350 dm = 8 hm + 35 0 × 1,00 0 hm = 8 hm + 0.35 hm = 8.35 hm
1
(c) 17 dg + 6 mg = 17 dg + 6 × 100 dg = 17 dg + 0.06 dg = 17.06 dg
1
(d) 23 dag + 96 cg = 23 dag + 96 × 1,000 dag = 23 dag + 0.096 dam = 23.096 dag
1
(e) 30 dL + 5 mL = 30 dL + 5 × 100 dL = 30 dL + 0.05 dL = 30.05 L
(f) 16 kL + 35 L = (16 × 1,000) L + 35 L = 16,000 L + 35 L =16,035 L
Exercise 8.2
1 (a) m cm (b) g mg (c) kL L
1 1 1 1 1 1
9 6 2 5 2 4 1 7 5 9 1 2 5
+ 8 0 7 + 1 6 0 2 8 + 6 2 4 8
1 0 4 3 2 4 0 2 0 3 1 5 3 7 3
(d) km m (e) m cm (f) dam cm
1 1 1 1 4 0 0 0
1 7 0 6 0 2 6 0 7 7 0 2 0
+ 8 0 4 6 + 1 9 1 5 + 9 0 4 6
2 5 1 0 6 4 5 2 2 2 0 0 6 6
(g) kg g (h) hg g
1 1 1
1 7 0 0 0 1 4 9 0
+ 1 8 0 2 5 + 9 6 2
3 5 0 2 5 2 4 5 2
(i) 1 (j) 62 L 120 mL = 6 2 . 1 2 0 L

31 g 4 mg = 3 1 . 0 0 4 g 13 L 55 mL = + 1 3 . 0 5 5 L
9 g = 9 . 0 0 0 g 7 5 . 1 7 5 L
12 g 73 mg = + 1 2 . 0 7 3 g
5 2 . 0 7 7 g
(k) 1 (l) 1
90 dL 45 mL = 9 0 . 4 5 dL 7 kL 96 L = 1 7 . 0 9 6 kL
92 mL = + 0 . 9 2 dL 11 kL 110 L = 1 1 . 1 1 0 kL
9 1 3 7 dL 15 kL + 1 5 . 0 0 0 kL
3 3 . 2 0 6 kL
(m) 1 1
48 hL 136 dL = 4 8 . 1 3 6 hL
19 hL 58 dL = + 1 9 . 0 5 8 hL
6 7 . 1 9 4 hL
2. (a) 12 9 (b) 14
1 2 10 10 0 4 10

23 m = 2 3 . 0 0 m 15 hm 7 m = 1 5 . 0 7 hm
18 m 65 cm = – 1 8 . 6 5 m 7 hm 92 m = – 7 . 9 2 hm
0 4 . 3 5 m 7 . 1 5 hm
4.35 m = 4 m 35 cm 7.15 hm = 7 hm 15 m
(c) 6 12 3 10 (d) 9 9
72 dg 40 mg = 7 2 . 4 0 dg 0 10 7 10 10 10
108 kg = 1 0 8 . 0 0 0 kg
26 dg 9 mg = – 2 6 . 0 9 dg
96 kg 32 g = – 9 6 . 0 3 2 kg
4 6 . 3 1 dg
1 1 . 9 6 8 kg
46.31 dg = 46 dg 31 mg
11.968 kg = 11 kg 968 g
9 10 9 9
(e) 2 10 0 12
(f) 6 10 10 10
30 hL 12 L = 3 0 . 1 2 hL 87 L = 8 7 . 0 0 0 L
19 hL 38 L = – 1 9 . 3 8 hL 74 L 13 mL = – 7 4 . 0 1 3 L
1 0 . 7 4 hL 1 2 . 9 8 7 L
12.987 L = 12 L 987 mL
10.74 hL = 10 hL 74 L
Exercise 8.3
1. (a) 48 km 16 m (b) 67 dam 15 cm (c) 19 g 92 mg
= 48.016 km = 67.015 dam = 19.092 g
2 3 1 1 1 7 7 1
7 1 5 4 3 1 9 . 0 9 2
4 8 . 0 1 6 6 7 . 0 1 5 × 1 8
× 3 9 × 2 6 1 1
1 4 0 2 0 9 0 1 5 2 7 3 6
4 3 2 1 4 4 + 1 3 4 0 3 0 0 + 1 9 0 9 2 0
+ 1 4 4 0 4 8 0 1 7 4 2 . 3 9 0 3 4 3 . 6 5 6
1 8 7 2 . 6 2 4
(d) 33 kg 44 dag (e) 52 L 126 mL (f) 96 dL 26 mL

= 33.44 kg = 52.126 L = 96.26 dL
1 2 2 1 2 4 1 4
2 3 2 1 2 1 2
3 3 . 4 4 5 2 . 1 2 6 9 6 . 2 6
× 5 7 × 4 3 × 7 4
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 0 8 1 5 6 3 7 8 1 3 8 5 0 4
+ 1 6 7 2 0 0 + 2 0 8 5 0 4 0 + 6 7 3 8 2 0
1 9 0 6 . 0 8 2 2 4 1 . 4 1 8 7 1 2 3 . 2 4
2. (a) 128 km 34 m (b) 74 m 12 cm (c) 67 kg 325 g

= 128.034 km = 74.12 m = 67.325 kg
7 .1 1 3 4 .6 32 5 2 .69 3
18 1 2 8 .03 4 16 7 4 .1 2 0 0 25 6 7 .32 5
– 1 2 6 – 6 4 – 5 0
2 0 1 0 1 1 7 3
– 1 8 – 9 6 – 1 5 0
2 3 5 2 2 3 2
– 1 8 – 4 8 – 2 2 5
5 4 4 0 7 5
– 5 4 – 3 2 – 7 5
0 8 0 0
7 km 113 cm – 8 0 2 kg 693 g
0
463 m 25 cm
(d) 341 g 695 mg (e) 38 L 454 mL (f) 292 hL 699 dL
= 341.695 g = 38.454 L = 292.699 hL
9 .2 3 5 0 .5 9 1 6 2 . 4 1 9
37 3 4 1 .69 5 65 3 8 .4 5 4 0 121 2 9 2 .6 9 9
– 3 3 3 – 0 – 2 4 2
8 6 3 8 4 5 0 6
– 7 4 – 3 2 5 – 4 8 4
1 2 9 5 9 5 2 2 9
– 1 1 1 – 5 8 5 – 1 2 1
1 8 5 1 0 4 1 0 8 9
– 1 8 5 – 6 5 – 1 0 8 9
0 3 9 0 0
9 g 235 mg – 3 9 0 2 hL 419 dL
0
591 L 6 dL
Exercise 8.4
1. Length of wall = 3.3 m = 330 cm
m cm
Measure of 1 brick = 15 cm 1
330
Number of bricks required = = 22 1 2 0
15
2. Length of rope 1 = 1 m 20 cm 0 8 5
Length of rope 2 = 85 cm + 2 4 0
Length of rope 3 = 2 m 40 cm 4 4 5
Total length of 3 ropes = 1 m 20 cm + 85 cm + 2 m 40 cm = 4 m 45 cm m cm
9
Rope required = 8 m 7 10 10
More rope needed = 8 m – 4 m 45 cm 8 0 0
– 4 4 5
= 3 m 55 cm
3 5 5
3. 5 juice cans of 200 mL = 5 × 200 mL = 1,000 mL = 1 L
4 juice cans of 1 L = 4 × 1 L = 4 L
Total juice = 1 L + 4 L = 5 L
kg g
4. Tomatoes purchased = 3 kg 450 g = 3.450 kg 1
Onions purchased = 2 kg = 2.000 kg 3 4 5 0
2 0 0 0
Potatoes purchased = 2 kg 75 g = 2.075 kg
+ 2 0 7 5
Total vegetables purchased = 3.450 kg + 2.000 kg + 2.075 kg 7 5 2 5
= 7.525 kg = 7 kg 525 kg
5. Total distance to be covered = 3 km
Distance covered by the first child = 750 m
Distance covered by the second child = 1 km 250 m
Distance covered by the two children = 750 m + 1 km 250 m = 2 km
Distance yet to be covered = 3 km – 2 km = 1 km
6. Water drank by Ajay in 1 day = 3 L 250 mL = 3250 mL
Water drank by Vijay in 1 day = 4,150 mL
Vijay drinks more water by (4,150 – 3,250) mL = 900 mL
LET’S EVALUATE
1 1 1
2. (a) 7 hm 18 m = 7 . 1 8 hm (b)
23 kg 75 g = 2 3 . 0 7 5 kg
11 hm 21 m = 1 1 . 2 1 hm 54 kg = 5 4 . 0 0 0 kg
9 km 04 m = + 9 0 . 0 4 hm 18 kg 150 g = + 1 8 . 1 5 0 kg
1 0 8 . 4 3 hm 9 5 . 2 2 5 kg
108.43 hm = 108 hm 43 m 95.225 kg = 95 kg 225 g
1 1
(c)
82 L 125 mL = 8 2 . 1 2 5 L (d) 6 dam 98 cm = 1 6 . 0 9 8 dam
16 L 204 mL = + 1 6 . 2 0 4 L 29 dam 16 cm = + 2 9 . 0 1 6 dam
9 8 . 3 2 9 L 3 5 . 1 1 4 dam
98.329 L = 98 L 329 mL 35.114 dam = 35 dam 114 cm
11 9 9
0 10 3 1 10 6 10 10 10
3. (a) 104 m 20 cm = 1 0 4 . 2 0 m (b)
97 g = 9 7 . 0 0 0 g
63 m 95 cm = – 6 3 . 9 5 m 82 g 415 mg = – 8 2 . 4 1 5 g
4 0 . 2 5 m 1 4 . 5 8 5 g
40.25 m = 40 m 25 cm 14.585 g = 14 g 585 mg
13 9 9 14 9
7 3 10 10 12 6 4 10 10
84 daL 26 mL = 8 4 . 0 0 2 6 daL (d)
(c) 75 hL = 7 5 . 0 0 hL
49 daL135 mL = – 4 9 . 0 1 3 5 daL 58 hL 96 L = – 5 8 . 9 6 hL
3 4 . 9 8 9 1 daL 1 6 . 0 4 hL
34.9891 daL = 34 daL 9891 mL 16.04 hL = 16 hL 4 L
4. (a) 38 km 124 m = 38.124 km (b) 49 g 126 mg = 49.126 g
1 6 1 4
4 1 2 1 1
3 8 . 1 2 4 4 9 . 1 2 6
× 2 6 × 7 2
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 8 7 4 4 1 9 8 2 5 2
+ 7 6 2 4 8 0 + 3 4 3 8 8 2 0
9 9 1 . 2 2 4 3 5 3 7 . 0 7 2

991. 224 km = 991 km 224 m 3537.072 g = 3,537 g 72 mg
(c) 72 dag 15 cg = 72.015 dag (d) 83 L 436 mL = 83.436 L
6 .9 5 3
2 12 8 3 .4 3 6
1 1 4 – 7 2
7 2 . 0 1 5 1 1 4
– 1 0 8
× 4 8
6 3
1 – 6 0
1 5 7 6 1 2 0 3 6
+ 2 8 8 0 6 0 0 – 3 6
3 4 5 6 . 7 2 0 0
34.56.720 dag = 3456 dag 720 cg 6.953 L = 6 L 953 mL
(e) 28 m 85 cm = 28.85 m (f) 201 kL 348 L = 201.348 kL
1 .9 2 3 3 2 .1
4 2
15 2 8 .8 5 0 0 94 2 0 1 .3 4 8
– 1 5 – 1 8 8
1 3 8 1 3 3
– 1 3 5 – 9 4
3 5 3 9 4
– 3 0 – 3 7 6
5 0 1 8 8
– 4 5 – 1 8 8
5 0 0
– 4 5
5 2.142 kL = 2 kL 142 L
1.923 m = 1 m 923 cm
9
5. Measure of 1 glass = 150 mL 15 1 3 5
Measure of container = 1,350 mL – 1 3 5
Number of glasses needed = 135 0 ÷ 15 0 = 9 0
1. Weight of 1 box of energy bars = 1,500 g

45 00
Weight of 3 boxes of energy bars = 1,500 × 3 = 4,500 g = 10 00 kg = 4.5 kg
1 1
2. D istance travelled by car = 19 km 250 m = 1 9 . 2 5 0 km
Distance travelled by train = 3 km 75 m = 3 . 0 7 5 km
Distance travelled by bus = 7 km = + 7 . 0 0 0 km
2 9 . 3 2 5 km
Sonali’s grandparents live at a distance of 29 km 325 m.
Chapter 9: Time, Temperature and Money

Exercise 9.1
1. (a) h min h min
(b)
9 3 0 1 2 5 0
+ 6 2 5 + 8 4 6
1 5 5 5 1
2 0 9 6 → more than 60 minutes
– 6 0 (1 h)
2 1 3 6
(c) h min s (d) h min s
1 1 1
7 1 8 2 5 1 3 0 9 5 3
+ 5 4 2 3 6 + 4 1 3 2 2
1 1
1 2 6 0 6 1 1 7 2 2 7 5 → more than 60 s
– 6 0 → (1 minute) – 6 0 → (1 minute)
1 1 7 2 3 1 5
1 2 6 1 0 1
– 6 0 (1 h)
1 3 0 1 0 1
(e) h min s (f) h min s

1 0 2 0 4 0 1 8 4 1 1 5
+ 1 1 3 5 2 8 + 2 1 3 0 5 2
1 1
2 1 5 5 6 8 → more 3 9 7 1 6 7 → more than 60 s
than 60 s – 6 0 → (1 minute)
– 6 0 1
2 1 5 6 0 8 → (1 minute) 3 9 7 2 0 7 → more than 60 min
– 6 0
4 0 1 2 0 7 (1 h)
(g) h min h min

(h) s
1 0 3 2 1
+ 6 1 5 4 1 9 2 0
1 6 4 7 + 7 2 1 3 0
1 1 4 0 5 0
(i) h min h min s

s (j)
1 7 4 9 2 4 1 1
+ 3 4 0 0 1 5 1 1 0 6 4 5
4 1 4 9 3 9 + 2 0 9 1 8
1
1 3 1 5 6 3 → more than 60 s
– 6 0 → (1 minute)
1 3 1 6 0 3
2. (a) h min (b) h min (c) h min s

3 10 7 8 6 2 15
1 5 4 0 8 2 6 1 2 1 5 3 5
– 7 1 3 – 5 3 2 – 4 0 7 1 8
8 2 7 2 5 4 8 0 8 1 7
(d) h min s (e) h min s (f) h min s
8 1 6 8 8 2
1 3 2 1 9 2 1 9 0 8 7 5 3 0 2 2 8 7
1 4 2 2 3 2 2 0 0 9 1 5 3 1 2 3 2 7
– 6 3 6 4 4 – 1 3 4 0 3 7 – 1 8 4 3 3 5
7 4 5 4 8 6 2 8 3 8 1 2 3 9 5 2
(g) h min (h) h min s (i) h min s

1 2 8 5 10 1 4 4 8 4
1 3 2 5 2 2 4 1 7 6 1 6 4 5 2 4
– 0 5 4 0 2 3 4 2 1 6 – 9 2 8 3 4
7 4 5 – 1 5 5 0 3 5 7 1 6 5 0
7 5 1 4 1
(j) h min s
6 6
1 9 0 6 9 0
2 0 0 7 3 0
– 1 2 1 5 4 2
7 5 1 4 8
3. (a) h min (b) h min

2 1 7 7 0 4
× 8 × 1 1
1 6 1 3 6 7 7 4 4
+ 2 – 1 2 0 (60 min × 2) i.e., 2 h
1 8 1 6
(c) h min s h m
(d) in s
6 1 8 0 5 1 2 1 8 1 0
× 5 × 9
3 0 9 0 2 5 1 0 8 1 6 2 9 0
+ 1 – 6 0 + 2 + 1 – 6 0
3 1 3 0 2 5 1 1 0 1 6 3 3 0
– 1 2 0
1 1 0 4 3 3 0
(e) h min s (f) h m

in s
9 2 2 1 3 8 1 5 2 4
× 3 × 7
2 7 6 6 3 9 5 6 1 0 5 1 6 8
+ 1 – 6 0 + 1 + 2 – 1 2 0
2 8 0 6 3 9 5 7 1 0 7 4 8
– 6 0
5 7 4 7 4 8
Exercise 9.2 h min
1 3 0
1. Duration of time Aditya played in morning = 1 h 30 min
+ 0 4 5
Duration of time Aditya played in evening = 45 min
1
Total duration of time Aditya played = 1 h 30 min + 45 min = 2 h 15 min
1 7 5
2. Starting time = 8:00 a.m. = 0800 hours
– 6 0
Finishing time = 12:30 p.m. = 1230 hours
2 1 5
Duration = 1230 h – 0800 h = 0430 hours = 4 h 30 min
Alternate method h min h min
Starting time = 8.00 a.m. = 8 h 1 2 3 0 1 1 0
Finishing time = 12.30 p.m. = 12 h 30 min – 8 0 0 × 6
Duration = 12 h 30 min – 8 h = 4 h 30 min 4 3 0 1
3. Time Mr Sharma spend to go office daily = 1 h 10 min 6 6 0
Time Mr Sharma spend to go office for 6 days = 1 h 10 min × 6 = 7 h – 6 0
Time Mr Sharma spend to go office in the month of February = 7 h × 4 7 0 0
= 28 h
3 8
1 11
4. Number of hours worker works in 1 day = 5
hours = hours 2 7 7
2 2
– 6
11
Number of hours worker works in 7 days (1 week) = hours × 7 1 7
2
77 1 – 1 6
= hours = 38 h 1
2 2
5. Time taken to go from city A to city B = 3 h 40 min h min
Time taken to go from city B to city C = 1 h 55 min 3 4 0
Total time taken to go from city A to city C = 3 h 40 min + 1 h 55 min + 1 5 5
= 5 h 35 min 1
4 9 5
6. (a) Arrival at Chandigarh = 6.53 pm = 6 h 53 min h min – 6 0
Arrival at Delhi = 10.15 p.m. = 10 h 15 min 0 9 7 5
1 0 1 5 5 3 5
Duration of time = 10 h 15 min – 6 h 53 min
– 6 5 3
= 3 h 22 min
3 2 2
Passenger will reach New Delhi in 3 h 22 min.
(b) Train 12011 h min

6 6 5
Arrival at Kalka = 17:45 h = 1745 hours – 1200 hours 7 0 5
= 0545 hours = 5.45 p.m. – 5 4 5
Arrrival at Ambala = 19:05 h = 1905 hours – 1200 hours 1 2 0
= 0705 hours = 7.05 p.m.
Duration = 7.05 p.m. – 5.45 p.m. = 7 h 05 min – 5 h 45 min = 1 h 20 min
Train 12006 h min
Arrival at Kalka = 6.15 p.m. = 6 h 15 min 7 3 8
Arrival at Ambala = 7.38 p.m. = 7 h 38 min – 6 1 5
Duration = 7 h 38 min – 6 h 15 min 1 2 3
= 1 h 23 min
Passenger will take 3 minutes more if he travels by train 12006.
Exercise 9.3
9 3 9 9
1. (a) × 15° + 32 (b)
× 28° + 32 (c) × 31° + 32
5 5 5
1
252 252 + 160 279 279 + 160
= 27 + 32 = 59°F = + 32 = = + 32 =
5 5 5 5
412 439
= = 82.4°F = = 87.8°F
5 5
9 9 9
(d) × 42° + 32 (e) × 54° + 32 (f) × 63° + 32
5 5 5
378 378 + 160 486 486 + 160 567 567 + 160
= + 32 = = + 32 = = + 32 =
5 5 5 5 5 5
538 646 727
= = 107.6°F = = 129.2°F = = 145.4°F
5 5 5
9 17 9
9
(g) × 74° + 32 (h) × 85° + 32 (i) × 92° + 32
5 5 5
1
828 828 + 160
666 666 + 160
= + 32 = = 153 + 32 = + 32 =
5 5 5 5
826 = 185°F 988
= = 165.2°F = = 197.6°F
5 5
9 6
(j) × 30° + 32 = 54 + 32 = 86°F
5
1
5 5 5
2. (a) (36° – 32) (b) (48° – 32) (c) (97° – 32)
9 9 9
5 20 5 80 5 325
= ×4= = × 16 = = × 65 =
9 9 9 9 9 9
= 2.2°C = 8.9°C = 36.1°C
5 5 5
(d) (105° – 32) (e) (112° – 32) (f) (124° – 32)
9 9 9
5 365 5 400 5 460
= × 73 = = × 80 = = × 92 =
9 9 9 9 9 9
= 40.5°C = 44.4°C = 51.1°C
5 5 5
(g) (155° – 32) (h) (193° – 32) (i) (209° – 32)
9 9 9
5 615 5 805 5 885
= × 123 = = × 161 = = × 177 =
9 9 9 9 9 9
= 68.3°C = 89.4°C = 98.3°C
5
(j) (212° – 32)
9
5 20
= × 180 = 100°C
9
1
Exercise 9.4
1. (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 2 2 1 1

` 7 4 3 . 0 0 ` 3 7 1 6 . 0 5 ` 2 1 8 6 . 3 4
+ ` 8 6 2 . 1 5 + ` 9 0 0 . 3 0 ` 7 9 9 . 0 0
` 1 6 0 5 . 1 5 ` 4 6 1 6 . 3 5 + ` 6 0 5 9 . 7 8
` 9 0 4 5 . 1 2
(d) 1 (e) 1 1 1 1 1 (f) 1 1 2 1 1
` 4 5 8 6 2 . 0 0 ` 2 0 4 8 5 . 6 5 ` 1 9 8 6 . 2 3
+ ` 9 1 6 . 2 4 ` 3 9 1 4 . 2 0 ` 2 7 . 9 5
` 4 6 7 7 8 . 2 4 + ` 1 6 8 . 9 9 + ` 6 . 7 8
` 2 4 5 6 8 . 8 4 ` 2 0 2 0 . 9 6
2. (a) 11 13 9 (b) 9 13 17 (c) 13 11 9

5 1 3 10 10 4 10 3 7 12 7 3 1 10 17
` 6 2 4 . 0 0 ` 5 0 4 8 . 2 6 ` 3 6 8 4 2 . 0 7
– ` 4 7 9 . 3 8 – ` 1 3 7 9 . 8 4 – ` 2 7 9 4 . 9 8
` 1 4 4 . 6 2 ` 3 6 6 8 . 4 2 ` 3 4 0 4 7 . 0 9
(d) 9 9 9 16 (e) 9 13 11 (f) 15 9

1 10 10 10 6 15 2 10 7 10 3 1 13 7 12 3 5 10 10
` 2 0 0 0 . 7 5 ` 3 0 8 0 4 . 2 3 ` 8 2 4 6 . 0 0
– ` 9 2 . 9 9 – ` 5 2 9 5 . 7 6 – ` 3 2 7 . 6 9
` 1 9 0 7 . 7 6 ` 2 5 5 0 8 . 4 7 ` 7 9 1 8 . 3 1
3. (a) 7 4 (b)
1 2 1 1
(c)
` 7 8 . 0 5 ` 1 2 5 . 3 2 3 6 1
× 9 × 1 4 ` 6 0 4 . 9 2
` 7 0 2 . 4 5 5 0 1 . 2 8 × 2 7
+ 1 2 5 3 . 2 0 1 1
4 2 3 4 . 4 4
` 1 7 5 4 . 4 8
+ 1 2 0 9 8 . 4 0
` 1 6 3 3 2 . 8 4
(d) 2 1 (e) 1 3 5 (f) 4 3 6 4

1 3 2 2 4 1 1 2 1
` 9 2 . 7 5 ` 8 1 3 . 6 0 ` 2 5 4 . 7 6
× 1 3 4 × 9 7 × 1 8 3
2 1 2 1 1
1 3 7 1 . 0 0 5 6 9 5 . 2 0 1 7 6 4 . 2 8
2 7 8 2 . 5 0 + 7 3 2 2 4 . 0 0 2 0 3 8 0 . 8 0
+ 9 2 7 5 . 0 0 ` 7 8 9 1 9 . 2 0 + 2 5 4 7 6 . 0 0
` 1 2 4 2 8 . 5 0 ` 4 6 6 2 1 . 0 8
3 4 . 2 6 8 4 . 2 9 7 4 . 6 1
4. (a) 17 5 8 2 . 4 2 25 2 1 0 7 . 2 5
(b) 42 3 1 3 3 . 6 2
(c)
– 5 1 – 2 0 0 – 2 9 4
0 7 2 0 1 0 7 1 9 3
– 6 8 – 1 0 0 – 1 6 8
0 4 4 7 2 2 5 6
– 3 4 – 5 0 – 2 5 2
1 0 2 2 2 5 0 4 2
– 1 0 2 – 2 2 5 – 4 2
0 0 0
5 1 . 7 8 3 9 1 . 2 4 7 4 . 2 1
(d) 137 7 0 9 3 . 8 6 (e) 214 8 3 7 2 5 .
3

6 311
(f) 2 3 0 7 9 . 3 1
– 6 8 5 – 6 4 2 – 2 1 7 7
2 4 3 1 9 5 2 1 3 0 9
– 1 3 7 – 1 9 2 6 – 1 2 4 4
1 0 6 8 2 6 5 6 5 3
– 9 5 9 – 2 1 4 – 6 2 2
1 0 9 6 5 1 3 3 1 1
– 1 0 9 6 – 4 2 8 – 3 1 1
0 8 5 6 0
– 8 5 6
0
5. Cost of 1 shirt = ` 725

Cost of 3 shirts = ` 725 × 3 = ` 2,175
Cost of 1 trouser = ` 1,025.75
Cost of 2 trousers = ` 1,025.75 × 2 = ` 2,051.50
Cost of 1 bracelet = ` 560.85
Cost of 2 bracelets = ` 560.85 × 2 = ` 1,121.70
Total money Ravi paid = ` 2,175 + ` 2,051.50 + ` 1,121.70 = ` 5,348.20
6. Cost of 7 kg of rice = ` 299.25
Cost of 1 kg of rice = ` 299.25 ÷ 7 = ` 42.75
7. Cost of 1 tablecloth = ` 136.45
Cost of 2 tablecloths = ` 136.45 × 2 = ` 272.90
Money with Angilina = ` 500
Money left = ` 500 – ` 272.90 = ` 227.10
8. Money initially in bank account = ` 1,000
Money deposited after a week = ` 6,975
Money deposited in second week = ` 9,085.75
Total money deposited = ` 1,000 + ` 6,975 + ` 9,085.75 = ` 17,060.75
Money withdrawn = ` 5,450
Money left = ` 17,060.75 – ` 5,450 = ` 11,610.75
9. Cost of painting 1 wall = ` 87.25
Cost of painting 4 walls = ` 87.25 × 4 = ` 349
10. Cost of 8 kg apples = ` 920
Cost of 1 kg apples = ` 920 ÷ 8 = ` 115
Cost of 7 kg of mangoes = ` 350
Cost of 1 kg of mangoes = ` 350 ÷ 7 = ` 50
Total cost of 1 kg apples and 1 kg mangoes = ` 115 + ` 50 = ` 165
LET’S EVALUATE
1. (a) h min s (b) 1 1 1 (c) h min s

1 1 ` 1 6 8 0 . 4 5 1
2 4 5 2 0 ` 2 1 4 3 . 2 1 5 2 0 1 5
7 1 0 0 5 + ` 3 0 2 4 . 7 5 + 8 3 6 5 8
+ 3 1 8 1 5 ` 6 8 4 8 . 4 1 1
1 1 3 5 6 7 3
1 2 7 3 4 0
– 6 0
– 6 0 1 3 5 7 1 3
1 3 1 3 4 0
2. (a) h min s (b) 13 12

8 9 5 10 4 3 2 11
8 2 9 7 5 ` 6 0 5 4 . 3 1
9 3 0 1 5 – ` 2 9 4 5 . 9 8
– 5 5 2 3 8 ` 3 1 0 8 . 3 3
3 3 7 3 7
3. (a) h min (b) 2 5 3 8 (c) h min

6 3 5
1 2 1 3 1 5 0 8
× 1 3 ` 8 2 6 . 3 9 × 2 3
1 × 9 4 3 4 5 1 8 4
7 8 4 5 5 1 + 3 – 1 8 0 (60 × 3)
+ 7 – 4 2 0 (60 × 7) 3 3 0 5 . 5 6 3 4 8 0 0 4
8 5 3 5 + 7 4 3 7 5 . 1 0
` 7 7 6 8 0 . 6 6
3 5 . 9 1 4 6 . 7 9 7 2 8 . 6 5
4. (a) 84 3 0 1 6 . 4 4 215 1 0 0 5 9 . 8 5 (c) 36 2 6 2 3 1 . 4 5
(b)
– 2 5 2 – 8 6 0 – 2 5 2
4 9 6 1 4 5 9 1 0 3
– 4 2 0 – 1 2 9 0 – 7 2
7 6 4 1 6 9 8 3 1 1
– 7 5 6 – 1 5 0 5 – 2 8 8
0 8 4 1 9 3 5 2 3 4
– 8 4 – 1 9 3 5 – 2 1 6
0 0 1 8 5
– 1 8 0
5
5. Cost of 1 scarf = ` 175
Cost of 5 scarves = ` 175 × 5 = ` 875
Cost of 1 pair of jeans = ` 525
Cost of 3 pairs of jeans = ` 525 × 3 = ` 1,575
Cost of 1 T-shirt = ` 225
Cost of 4 T-shirts = ` 225 × 4 = ` 900
Amount
S. No. Item Quantity Price (in `)
` p
1 1
1. Scarf 5 175
8 7 5 . 0 0
2
2. Pair of jeans 3 525
1, 5 7 5 . 0 0
3. T-shirt 4 225 9 0 0 . 0 0
Total 3, 3 5 0 . 0 0
Money with Honey = ` 5,000
Money spent = ` 3,350
Money left = ` 5,000 – ` 3,350 = ` 1,650
6. Starting time = 11:30 h = 11 h 30 min
Duration of time = 4 h 40 min
Finishing time = 11 h 30 min + 4 h 40 min = 16 h 10 min
Time = 16 hours 10 min = (1610 – 1200) h = 0410 h = 4:10 p.m.
9 9
7. (a) × 92° + 32 (b) × 83° + 32
5 5

828 828 + 160 747 747 + 160
= + 32 = = + 32 =
5 5 5 5
988 907
= = 197.6°F = = 181.4°F
5 5
5 5
(c) 9 (197° – 32) (d) 9
(138° – 32)
5 825 5 530
= × 165 = = × 106 =
9 9 9 9
= 91.6°C = 58.8°C
8. Temperature on Monday = 38°C
Temperature on Thursday = 38°C + 5°C = 43°C
9. Minimum temperature on Saturday = 18°C
Minimum temperature on Sunday = 18°C – 7°C = 11°C
(a) Starting time = 11:00 a.m. = 11 h

Finishing time = 3:00 p.m. = 0300 + 1200 = 15 h
Duration = 15 h – 11 h = 4 hours
Sanha was outside for 4 hours.
(b) Money spent on top = ` 7 0 0
Money spent on game = ` 3 5 0
Money spent on purse = + ` 5 0 0
Total money spent = ` 1 5 5 0
Chapter 10: Profit and Loss and Unitary Method
Exercise 10.1
2. Cost of scooter = ` 4,800
Money spent on repairs = ` 700
Total cost price of scooter = ` 4,800 + ` 700 = ` 5,500
Selling price (S.P.) of scooter = ` 5,900
Profit = S.P. – C.P. = ` 5,900 – ` 5,500 = ` 400
3. C.P. of 100 oranges = ` 350
S.P. of 100 oranges = ` 480
Profit = S.P. – C.P. = ` 480 – ` 350 = ` 130
4. C.P. of car = ` 80,000
Money spent on repairs = ` 5,000
Money spent on transportation = ` 1,000
Total C.P. = ` 80,000 + ` 5,000 + ` 1,000 = ` 86,000
Profit = ` 21,500
S.P. = C.P. + Profit = ` 86,000 + ` 21,500 = ` 1,07,500
5. C.P. of TV set = ` 6,900
S.P. of TV set = ` 6,825
Loss = ` 6,900 – ` 6,825 = ` 75
1
6. C.P. of rice = ` 5 6 . 2 5
Profit = + ` 1 1 . 2 5
S.P. = C.P. + Profit = ` 6 7 . 5 0
7. S.P. of machine = ` 9,500
Loss = ` 700
C.P. of machine = ` 9,500 + ` 700 = ` 10,200
Exercise 10.2
1. Cost of 3 m cloth = ` 270
270
Cost of 1 m cloth = ` = ` 90
3
Cost of 7 m cloth = ` 90 × 7 = ` 630
2. Cost of 15 kg rice = ` 470.25
Cost of 1 kg rice = ` 470.25 ÷ 15 = ` 31.35
Cost of 25 kg rice = ` 31.35 × 25 = ` 783.75
3. Time to cover 120 km = 1 hour
1
Time to cover 1 km = hour
120
1 8
Time to cover 960 km = × 96 0 = 8 hours
12 0
1
4. Cost of 5 dozen bananas = ` 177.50
Cost of 1 dozen bananas = ` 177.50 ÷ 5 = ` 35.50
Cost of 8 dozen bananas = ` 35.50 × 8 = ` 284
5. 1 score = 20 ⇒ 2 scores = 20 × 2 = 40
Cost of 40 balls = ` 2,300
Cost of 1 ball = ` 2,300 ÷ 40 = ` 57.50
Cost of 25 balls = ` 57.50 × 25 = ` 1,437.50
6. Cost of 5 kg sugar = ` 179
Cost of 1 kg sugar = ` 179 ÷ 5 = ` 35.80
Cost of 3 kg sugar = ` 35.80 × 3 = ` 107.40
LET’S EVALUATE
1. S.P. of mobile phone = ` 5,500

Profit = ` 150
C.P. = S.P. – Profit = ` 5,500 – ` 150 = ` 5,350
2. C.P. of washing machine = ` 35,650
S.P. of washing machine = ` 32,000
Loss (C.P. > S.P.) = ` 35,650 – ` 32,000 = ` 3,650
1
3. C.P. of car = ` 9 7 5 0 0 0
Shipping charges = ` 8 0 0 0 0
Other charges = + ` 3 0 0 0
Total C.P. of car = ` 1 0 5 8 0 0 0
S.P. of car = ` 13,84,750
Profit (S.P. > C.P.) = S.P. – C.P. = ` 13,84,750 – ` 10,58,000 = ` 3,26,750
4. Rahul’s earnings for 12 months (1 year) = ` 2,75,616
Rahul’s earnings for 1 month = ` 2,75,616 ÷ 12 = ` 22,968
5. Cost of 1 kg of wheat = ` 28.25
Cost of 3.5 kg of wheat = ` 28.25 × 3.5 = ` 98.875
6. Sagar’s Bill
S. No. Items Quantity Price (in `)
1. Potatoes 2 kg 24
2. Onions 2½ kg 30
3. Tomatoes 1½ kg 28
4. Apples 1 kg 85
5. Oranges 3 dozen 60
Total 227
Ravi’s Bill
S. No. Items Quantity Price (in `)
1. Potatoes 2½ kg 26
2. Onions 3 kg 40
3. Tomatoes 2 kg 28
4. Apples 1½ kg 85
5. Oranges 2 dozen 40
Total 219
Ravi bought the items cheaper.
7. Number of storybooks in 1 week = 2
Number of storybooks in 52 weeks (1 year) = 2 × 52 = 104
1.
Number of pages read in (1 week) 7 days = 210
Number of pages read in 1 day = 210 ÷ 7 = 30
Number of pages read in 15 days = 30 × 15 = 450
2.
Cost of 6 flowerpots = ` 312
Cost of 1 flowerpot = ` 312 ÷ 6 = ` 52
676
With ` 676, gardener can buy flowerpots = 13 flowerpots
52
Chapter 11: Percentage

Exercise 11.1
5 7 13
4. (a) 5% = 100 = 0.05 7% =
(b) = 0.07 (c)
13% = = 0.13
100 100
18 28 35
(d) 18% = 100 = 0.18 28% =
(e) 100
= 0.28 (f)
35% = = 0.35
100
48 51 64
(g) 48% = = 0.48 51% =
(h) = 0.51 64% =
(i) = 0.64
100 100 100
270 185 32 0
(j) 270% = = 2.7 185% =
(k) = 1.85 (l)
320% = = 3.2
10 0 100 10 0
1
2 100 2 × 10 0 1 1
5. (a) × = 2 0 × = 10 × = 10%
20 100 100 100
1
20
2 100 2 × 100 1 1
(b) × = 5 × = 40 × = 40%
5 100 1
100 100
25
5 100 5 × 100 1 125 1 1
(c) × = 8 × = × = 62.5 × = 62.5%
8 100 2
100 2 100 100
4
14 100 14 × 100 1 1
(d) × = 25 × = 56 × = 56%
25 100 1
100 100
10
9 100 9 × 100 1 1
(e) × = 10 × = 90 × = 90%
10 100 100 100
1
2
41 100 41 × 10 0 1 1
(f) × = 5 0 × = 82 × = 82%
50 100 100 100
1
25
3 100 3 × 100 1 75 1 1
(g) × = 8 × = × = 37.5 × = 37.5%
8 100 100 2 100 100
2
37 5
74 100 74 × 10 0 1 1
(h) × = 40 × = 185 × = 185%
40 100 2
100 100
2 20
22 100 22 × 100 1 1
(i) × = 55 × = 40 × = 40%
55 100 100 100
5
2
45 100 45 × 10 0 1 1
(j) × = × = 90 × = 90%
50 100 50 100 100
1
20
13 100 13 × 100 1 260 1 1
(k) × = × = × = 23.6 × = 23.6%
55 100 55 100 11 100 100
11
5
55 100 55 × 10 0 1 275 1 1
(l) × = × = × = 68.75 × = 68.75%
80 100 80 100 4 100 100
4
6 15
6. (a) 0.6 = × 10 0 = 60% (b) 0.15 = × 1 00 = 15%
10 1 00
24 1
(c) 0.24 = 1 00 × 1 00 = 24% (d) 0.01 = × 1 00 = 1%
1 00
8 38
(e) 0.08 = × 1 00 = 8% (f) 0.38 = × 1 00 = 38%
1 00 1 00
26 184
(g) 0.026 = 10 00 × 1 00 = 2.6% (h) 0.184 = × 1 00 = 18.4%
10 00
3062 1598
(i) 3.062 = × 1 00 = 306.2% (j) 15.98 = × 1 00 = 1,598%
10 00 1 00
2513 5825
(k) 25.13 = × 1 00 = 2,513% (l) 58.25 = × 1 00 = 5,825%
1 00 1 00
Exercise 11.2
1. (a) 10% of 62 (b) 22% of 145 (c) 68% of 96
10 22 68
= × 62 = × 145 = × 96
10 0 100 100
= 6.2 319 0 6528
= = 31.9 = = 65.28
10 0 100
(d) 34% of 138 (e) 82% of 346 (f) 73% of 204
34 82 73
= × 138 = × 346 = × 204
100 100 100
4692 28372 14892
= = 46.92 = = 283.72 = = 148.92
100 100 100
2. (a) 20% of 980 g (b) 35% of 215 m (c) 41% of 150 cm
20 35 41
= × 98 0 = × 215 = × 15 0
1 00 100 10 0
= 196 g 7525 615
= =75.25 m = = 61.5 cm
100 10
(d) 5% of 6 L (e) 50% of 725 g (f) 92% of ` 2,540
5 50 92
= ×6 = 10 0 × 725 = × 2,54 0
100 10 0
2
30 23368
= = 0.3 L (or 300 mL) 725 = = ` 2,336.80
10 0 = = 362.5 g 10
2
3. Lilies = 4, Pink roses = 4, Carnations = 5, Dahlias = 3
Total flowers = 4 + 4 + 5 + 3 = 16
1
4 25
\ Percentage of pink roses = × 100 = 25%
16
4
4. Total students = 45, boys = 28
Girls = 45 – 28 = 17
17 20 340
\ Percentage of girls = × 100 = = 37.7%
45 9
9
5. Apple trees = 12, Guava trees = 11, Banana trees = 8
Total trees = 12 + 11 + 8 = 31
12 1200
\ Percentage of apple trees = × 100 = = 38.7%
31 31
6. Total working days = 180
75 135 0
Kanika’s attendance = 75% of 180 = × 18 0 = = 135
10 0 10
Kanika attended school for 135 days.
LET’S EVALUATE
25
3 3 100 3 × 100 1 1
1. (a) = × = 4 × = 75 × = 75%
4 4 100 1
100 100
5 5 100 5 × 100 1 500 1 1
(b) = × = × = × = 41.6 × = 41.6%
12 12 100 12 100 12 100 100
26 × 100 1 1
(c) 0.26 = × = 26 × = 26%
100 100 100
94 × 100 1 1
(d) 0.94 = × = 94 × = 94%
100 100 100
9 9 100 9 × 100 1 900 1 1
(e) = × = × = × = 112.5 × = 112.5%
8 8 100 8 100 8 100 100
1 1
(f) 2.043 = (2.043 × 100) × = 204.3 × = 204.3%
100 100
74 37 126 63 315 63
2. (a) 74% = or (b) 126% = or (c) 315% = or
100 50 100 50 100 20
92 23 125 5 3
(d) 92% = or (e) 125% = or (f) 3% =
100 25 100 4 100
92 63 179
3. (a) 92% = = 0.92 (b) 63% = = 0.63 (c) 179% = = 1.79
100 100 100
7 56 289
(d) 7% = = 0.07 (e) 56% = = 0.56 (f) 289% = = 2.89
100 100 100
35 84 0
4. 35% of ` 240 = × 24 0 = = ` 84
10 0 10
5
25 19
25% of ` 380 = 10 0 × 380 = 5 × 19 = ` 95
2
25% of 380 is bigger by ` 95 – ` 84 = ` 11
5. Total registered participants = 20
Number of participants who participated = 15
Number of participants who did not participate = 20 – 15 = 5
5 500
Percentage of those who did not participate = × 100 = = 25%
20 20
6. Students in house A = 18, House B = 10, House C = 12, House D = 10
Total students = 18 + 10 + 12 + 10 = 50
12 2
Percentage of students in house C = 50 × 100 = 24%
20 55 0
7. Money Tina spent = 20% of ` 275 = 10 0 × 275 = 1 0 = ` 55
22 77 0
Money Meena spent = 22% of ` 350 = 10 0 × 35 0 = 1 0 = ` 77
Meena spent more money.
232 × 10 0 2320
8. 58 0 = 58 = 40%
1. Total number of balls = 180

Number of broken balls = 18
18
Percentage of broken balls = × 100 = 10%
180
2. Total number of students = 25
Students who opted to go for trip = 19
Students who did not opt to go for trip = 25 – 19 = 6
6 4
Percentage of students who did not opt = × 100 = 24%
25
1
Chapter 12: Lines, Angles and Triangles

Exercise 12.3
2. (a) Sum of angles = 52° + 68° + 60° (b) Sum of angles = 54° + 75° + 36°
= 180° = 165° < 180°
\ Triangle can be formed. \ Triangle cannot be formed.
(c) Sum of angles = 105° + 35° + 40° (d) Sum of angles = 90° + 25° + 50°
= 180° = 165° < 180°
(e) Sum of angles = 68° + 110° + 22° (f) Sum of angles = 115° + 15° + 95°
= 200° > 180° = 225° > 180°
\ Triangle cannot be formed. \ Triangle cannot be formed.
3. (a) 6 cm + 7 cm = 13 cm > 8 cm (b) 5 cm + 11 cm = 16 cm > 9 cm
7 cm + 8 cm = 15 cm > 6 cm 11 cm + 9 cm = 20 cm > 5 cm
\ Triangle can be formed. \ Triangle can be formed.
(c) 2 cm + 8 cm = 10 cm > 4 cm (d) 12 cm + 14 cm = 26 cm < 30 cm
2 cm + 4 cm = 6 cm < 8 cm \ Triangle cannot be formed.
\ Triangle cannot be formed.
(e) 13 cm + 15 cm = 28 cm > 20 cm (f) 8 cm + 5 cm = 13 cm > 10 cm
LET’S EVALUATE
4. (a) Sum of angles = 35° + 55° + 80° (b) Sum of angles = 62° + 47° + 71°
= 170° < 180° = 180°
\ Triangle cannot be formed. \ Triangle can be formed.
(c) Sum of angles = 58° + 82° + 40° = 180° (d) 1 cm + 2 cm = 3 cm
(e) 10 cm + 12 cm = 22 cm > 14 cm (f) 9 cm + 13 cm = 22 cm > 15 cm
Chapter 13: Perimeter, Area and Volume

Exercise 13.1
1. (a) Perimeter = 2 (length + breadth) = 2(8 cm + 5 cm) = 2 × 13 cm = 26 cm
(b) Perimeter = 2 (length + breadth) = 2(11 cm + 7 cm) = 2 × 18 cm = 36 cm
(c) Perimeter = 2 (length + breadth) = 2(15 cm + 12 cm) = 2 × 27 cm = 54 cm
(d) Perimeter = 2 (length + breadth) = 2(20 cm + 16 cm) = 2 × 36 cm = 72 cm
2. (a) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 cm × 8 cm = 32 cm
(b) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 cm × 12 cm = 48 cm
(c) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 cm × 14 cm = 56 cm
(d) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 m × 18 m = 72 m
(e) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 m × 21 m = 84 m
(f) Perimeter = 4 × side = 4 m × 16 m = 64 m
3. (a) Perimeter = a + b + c = 4 cm + 5 cm + 6 cm = 15 cm
(b) Perimeter = a + b + c = 8 cm + 11 cm + 13 cm = 32 cm
(c) Perimeter = a + b + c = 14 cm + 16 cm + 18 cm = 48 cm
(d) Perimeter = a + b + c = 21 m + 23 m + 30 m = 74 m
4. (a) 4 × side = 64 ⇒ side = 64 ÷ 4 = 16 cm (b) 4 × side = 96 ⇒ side = 96 ÷ 4 = 24 cm
(c) 4 × side = 112 ⇒ side = 112 ÷ 4 = 28 cm (d) 4 × side = 144 ⇒ side = 144 ÷ 4 = 36 cm
(e) 4 × side = 168 ⇒ side = 168 ÷ 4 = 42 cm
Exercise 13.2
1 (a) Number of full squares = 26
Number of half squares = 6 = 3 full squares
1
Number of more than squares = 10 = 10 full squares
2
1
Number of less than squares = 4 = 0 full square
2
Area = (26 + 3 +10) = 39 square units
(b) Number of full squares = 22
1
Number of half squares = 1 = full square
2
1
2
1
2
1
Area = (22 + + 14) = 36.5 square units
2
(c) Number of full squares = 24
\ Area = 24 square units
(d) Number of full squares = 21
\ Area = 21 square units
(e) Number of full squares = 30
Number of half squares = 2 = 1 full square
1
2
1
Number of less than squares = 8 = 0 full squares
2
Area = (30 + 1 + 16) = 47 square units
(f) Number of full squares = 16
1
Number of half squares = 3 = 1 full squares
2
1
2
1
2
Area = (16 + 1.5 + 2) = 19.5 square units
1
(g) Area covered by A = (12 + 2 × ) = 12 + 1 = 13 square units
2
1
Area covered by R = (9 + 5 × ) = 9 + 2.5 = 11.5 squares units
2
Area covered by T = 7 square units
Total area covered = 13 + 11.5 + 7 = 31.5 square units
2. (a) Area = 7 cm × 5 cm = 35 cm2 (b) Area = 14 cm × 8 cm = 112 cm2
(c) Area = 16 m × 9 m = 144 m 2
(d) Area = 20 m × 17 m = 340 m2

3. (a) Area = 6 cm × 6 cm = 36 cm2 (b) Area = 9 cm × 9 cm = 81 cm2
(c) Area = 12 cm × 12 cm = 144 cm 2
(d) Area = 21 m × 21 m = 441 m2
(e) Area = 34 m × 34 m = 1,156 m2
4. Area of badminton court = 240 m2, Length of badminton court = 20 m
240 m2
Breadth of badminton court = = 12 m
20 m
5. Area of rectangle = 176 cm2 , Breadth of rectangle = 11 cm
176 cm2
Length of rectangle = = 16 cm
11 cm
Exercise 13.3
1. Area of poster = 15 m2 , Length of the poster = 5 m
Width of the poster = 15 ÷ 5 = 3 m
2. Perimeter of court = 60 m, Length of court = 19 m
Perimeter 60
Breadth = 2 – Length = 2 – 19 = 30 – 19 = 11 m
3. Perimeter of square = 8 m
4 × Side = 8 ⇒ Side = 8 ÷ 4 = 2 m
4. Area of 1 rectangle = 30 cm2
Total area of 4 rectangles = 30 cm2 × 4 = 120 cm2
5. Perimeter of square cardboard = 24 cm
4 × Side = 24 ⇒ Side = 24 ÷ 4 = 6 cm
Area = Side × Side = 6 cm × 6 cm = 36 cm2
6. Tile length = 15 cm, Tile width = 10 cm
Area of 1 tile = 15 cm × 10 cm = 150 cm2

Wall length = 440 cm, Wall breadth = 750 cm
Area of wall = 440 cm × 750 cm = 3,30,000 cm2
\ Number of tiles required to tile one wall = 3,30,000 ÷ 150 = 2,200
\ Number of tiles required to tile four walls = 2,200 × 4 = 8,800
7. Perimeter = 160 m, Width = 10 m

Perimeter 160
Length = 2 – Width = 2 – 10 = 80 – 10 = 70 m
Area = Length × Breadth = 70 m × 10 m = 700 m2
Exercise 13.4
1.
(a) Volume = 11 cm × 8 cm × 5 cm = 440 cm3
(b) Volume = 9 m × 6 m × 4 m = 216 m3
(c) Volume = 4.5 cm × 3 cm × 1.5 cm = 20.25 cm3
(d) Volume = 5 dm × 22 cm × 10 cm = 50 cm × 22 cm × 10 cm = 11,000 cm3
2.
(a) Volume = 4 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm = 64 cm3
(b) Volume = 6 m × 6 m × 6 m = 216 m3
(c) Volume = 2.5 dm × 2.5 dm × 2.5 dm = 15.625 dm3
(d) Volume = 12 cm × 12 cm × 12 cm = 1,728 cm3
(e) Volume = 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm = 8,000 cm3

3.
Volume = 140 m3, Breadth = 7 m, Height = 2 m
Volume = Length × Breadth × Height
140 m3 = Length × 7 m × 2 m
140 m3 140 m3
Length =
7 m × 2 m 14 m2 = 10 m
=
4. Volume = 324 cm3, Length = 1.2 dm = 12 cm, Height = 3 cm
108
Volume 324 108
Breadth = Length × Height = 12 × = 12 = 9 cm
3
1
LET’S EVALUATE
1. Length = 17.5 m, Breadth = 8.4 m

Perimeter = 2 × (Length + Breadth) = 2 × (17.5 m + 8.4 m) = 2 × 25.9 m = 51.8 m
Area = Length × Breadth = 17.5 m × 8.4 m = 147 m2
2. Side of square chart paper = 20 cm
Area of chart paper = Side × Side = 20 cm × 20 cm = 400 cm2
Side of small square = 5 cm
Area of small square = 5 cm × 5 cm = 25 cm2
400 cm2
\ Number of squares made = 25 cm2 =16
3. Perimeter of square-shaped box = 72 cm
Perimeter 72
Side = 4 = 4 = 18 cm
Area = Side × Side = 18 cm × 18 cm = 324 cm2
4. Length = 40 cm, Breadth = 32 cm, Height = 2.8 dm = 28 cm
Volume = Length × Breadth × Height = 40 cm × 32 cm × 28 cm = 35,840 cm3
5. Volume of cube = Side × Side × Side = 7.5 dm × 7.5 dm × 7.5 dm = 421.875 dm3

2. Area of the kitchen = length × breadth
∴ Area of the kitchen = 220 cm × 180 cm
Area of a tile = side × side
= 10 cm × 10 cm = 100 cm2
220 cm × 180 cm
Number of tiles required = 100 cm2 = 396
3. Length of the fencing of a square garden = 20 m
Perimeter of a square = 4 × side
⇒ 4 × side = 20 m
⇒ Side = 5 m
4. Length of the wire = 20 cm
Width of rectangle = 4 cm
Perimeter of rectangle = 2(l + b)
∴ 2(l + b) = 20
⇒ 2(l + 4) = 20
⇒ l + 4 = 10
⇒ l = 6 cm
Therefore, length of the rectangular garden is 6 cm.
Cost of white washing 1 m2 = ` 14

Cost of white washing 150 m2 = ` 14 × 150 = ` 2,100
Chapter 14: Circle
Exercise 14.2
2. Radius of table = 20 cm, Diameter = 20 cm × 2 = 40 cm
Length of ribbon required to cover 1 table = p × d = 3.14 × 40 = 125.6 cm
Length of ribbon required to cover 7 tables = 125.6 cm × 7 = 879.2 cm
3. Circumference of disc = 28.26 cm
p × d = 28.26
28.26 28.26
d =
p = 3.14 = 9
9
radius = cm = 4.5 cm
2
4. d = 30 cm, Distance covered by wheel in one turn = p × d = 3.14 × 30 = 94.2 cm
5. p × d = 52 km
52 52 52 × 100 5200
d =
p = 3.14 = 3.14 = 314 =16.56 km
6. Distance around wheel = 282.6 cm
p × d = 282.6 cm
282.6 2826 10 0 28260
d =
3.14 = 1 0 × 314 = 314 = 90 cm
d 90
\r= =
2 2 cm = 45 cm
LET’S EVALUATE
1.
(a) d = 2 × 4 cm = 8 cm (b) d = 2 × 3.5 cm = 7 cm (c) d = 2 × 7 cm = 14 cm
2.
(a) r = 32 dm ÷ 2 = 16 dm (b) r = 54 mm ÷ 2 = 27 mm (c) r = 8 m ÷ 2 = 4 m
4.
d = 4 cm, Circumference = p × d = 3.14 × 4 = 12.56 cm
5.
Circumference = 50.22 inches
50.22 50.22 5022
pd = 50.22 ⇒ d =
p = 3.14 = 314 = 15.99 inches
6. d = 30 cm, Circumference = pd = 3.14 × 30 = 94.2 cm
7. r = 14 m, d = 2 × 14 m = 28 m
Circumference = pd = 3.14 × 28 m = 87.92 m
8. Circumference of flowerbed = 57 m
Circumference 57 57 × 100 5700
Diameter = = 3.14 = 314 = 314 = 18.15 m
p

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ANSWER KEY

Consists of stepwise solutions to long questions of the

(c) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O (d) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O

(e) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O (f) TC C TL L TTh Th H T O

3. (a) LHS RHS (b) LHS RHS

2. Number of toffees of type A = 3 4 5 2 0 1 5 0

(i) 2 (j) 5 (k) 1 1 (l) 1 3

2. (a) 1 1 (b) 5 3 2 (c) 2 3 5 1 3

3. (a) Dividend = 2,45,16 0 , Divisor = 4 0

(e) Dividend = 9,76,45,21, 000 , Divisor = 6, 000

(f) Dividend = 3,08,67,4 00 , Divisor = 7,0 00

7. Bags of rice in 165 trucks = 3,87,255 2 3 4 7 1 1 2

(a) 2,800 – 400 × (350 ÷ 50) (b) (32,768 ÷ 64) ÷ 64

Cost of 1 table = ` 800

SOME NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS

1. Hariya paid every month = ` 2,750

VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS

1. Total budget = ` 56,35,00,875

Total cost of 3 bungalows = ` 3 9 7 1 1 9 0 5 0

(d) 46 108 As 46 and 108 have common factor 2

(e) 55 57 As 55 and 57 have no common factor

(f) 2 80 2 120 2 200 80 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5

(c) 2 52, 128 (d) 5 45, 120

Product of the two numbers 25 × 65

HCF × LCM 4 × 1,344

\ HCF of 210, 252 and 294 is 42.

∴ HCF of 165, 350 and 425 = 5

4. (a) 2 220 2 320 220 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 11

(b) 2 440 2 520 440 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 11

Chapter 4: Fractions—Addition and Subtraction

(c) LCM of 20 and 15 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 = 60 2 20, 15

(d) LCM of 16 and 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 48 2 16, 24

(f) LCM of 25 and 35 = 5 × 5 × 7 = 175 5 25, 35

Chapter 5: Fractions—Multiplication and Division

(g) 1 (h) 1 1 (i) 1

3. (a) 9 9 (b) 3 10 (c) 9 11

(d) 5 10 3 12 (e) 15 (f) 11

(g) 12 (h) 9 9 9 (i) 9

(j) 2 5 3 (k) 2 2 2 (l) 1 2 7

\ 92.34 × 3.5 × 6 × 8.2 = 15900.948

2. (a) 9 (b) 13 10 (c) 6 10

3. (a) 3 1 3 7 (b) 1 1 (c) 3 6 5

SOME NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS

VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS

1. Food dog eats in 1 day = 0.2 kg

(i) 1 (j) 62 L 120 mL = 6 2 . 1 2 0 L

(d) 33 kg 44 dag (e) 52 L 126 mL (f) 96 dL 26 mL

2. (a) 128 km 34 m (b) 74 m 12 cm (c) 67 kg 325 g

VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS

1. Weight of 1 box of energy bars = 1,500 g

Sonali’s grandparents live at a distance of 29 km 325 m.

Chapter 9: Time, Temperature and Money

(e) h min s (f) h min s

(g) h min h min

(i) h min h min s

2. (a) h min (b) h min (c) h min s

(g) h min (h) h min s (i) h min s

3. (a) h min (b) h min

(e) h min s (f) h m

(b) Train 12011 h min

1. (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 2 2 1 1

2. (a) 11 13 9 (b) 9 13 17 (c) 13 11 9

(d) 9 9 9 16 (e) 9 13 11 (f) 15 9