Sulaimani Polytechnic University

Technical College of Informatics

(Network Department)

Digital Logic design

Lecture 1:Digital System
Lecturer: Jutyar Fatih Awrahman
Jutyar.faith@spu.edu.iq
Lecture 1
• Digital Logic Design
• Digital System
• Analog and digital System
• Data Representation
 Digital Logic Design
• It is the branch of computer science used to develop hardware, such as circuit
boards and microchip processors.
• The term digital is derived from the way computers perform operations, by
counting digits.
• A digital computer stores data in terms of digits (numbers).
• These digits are either 0 or 1.

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 Digital Systems
• Digital System is a system in which signals have a finite number of discrete values.
• A signal is a physical quantity (sound, light) that carries information.
• A digital system processes digital signals
• Digital systems are used in wide range of applications including communication system,
traffic control, and many other commercial industrial and scientific enterprises.
• Examples:
• Computer
• Cellphone
• Digital camera
• Electronic calculators.
• Digital TV

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 Analog and Digital Signal
Analog Signal
◦ In Analog System The physical quantities or signals may vary continuously over a
specified range.
Digital Signal
◦ In Digital System The physical quantities or signals can assume only discrete values.
Greater accuracy X(t) X(t)

t t
Examples
 Analog and Digital Signal
▪ The compact disk (CD) player is an example of a system in with both digital and
analog circuit are used. The (CD) player accepts digital data from the CD drive and
converts it to an analog signal for amplification.

CD drive

10110011101 Digital-to-analog Linear amplifier

Digital data converter Analog
reproduction
of music audio Speaker
signal
Sound
waves

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 Analog and Digital Signal
ANALOG SIGNALS DIGITAL SIGNALS

• Continuous
• Infinite range of values
• More exact values, but more difficult to work
with
• Analogue signals suffer from noise, but don’t
need such complex equipment.
• Discrete
• Finite range of values (2)
• Not as exact as analog, but easier to work with
• Digital signals need fast, clever electronics, but
we can get rid of any noise.
 Data Representation
• Data Representation refers to the form in which data is stored, processed, and transmitted.
• All data in a computer is represented by bit patterns, i.e.(01111100011),
• A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store.
• A bit is always in one of two physical states, similar to an on/off, the state is represented
by a single binary value usually a 0 or 1.

• 1 byte (B) = 8 bits

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• 1 kilobyte (KB) =1024 bytes = 2 bytes
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• 1 Mega Byte (MB)=1024 KB = 1024 * 1024 bytes = 2 bytes
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• 1 Gigabyte (GB)=1024 MB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes = 2 bytes
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• 1 Terabyte(TB)=1024 GB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes= 2 bytes
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Thank you