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Grammar reference Grammar test

Present habits Present perfect continuous Present simple, present continuous Gerunds and infinitives

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• We use the present simple to talk about current routines The present perfect continuous has a similar and present habits 3 Complete the second sentence so that
and habits. meaning to the present perfect simple. 1 Complete each sentence with an it has a similar meaning to the first
I often listen to music.

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However, we use the continuous when we want appropriate word. sentence, using the word given. Do not
• We use the present continuous with always, constantly, to emphasise the process and duration of an change the word given. Use between
1 Normally I like classical music,

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forever, continually for habits that annoy or irritate us. action. two and five words.
but this song is beautiful.
My brother and sister are always fighting. I’ve been studying in this school for more than five 1 Don’t do that because there’s a chance
• We can use will for repeated or habitual behaviour.
months. 2 This year my best friend and his brother
studying abroad. you’ll fail. (risk)
They’ll sit there for hours. For that reason, if an action is very short, we
cannot use the continuous form. 3 In some schools, they’ll the first Don’t do that because you
term with special activities for new students. .
Present perfect simple NOT I’ve been breaking the window. 4 My parents constantly telling 2 He loves to ride his bike at the
We use the present perfect simple to talk about: We also use the continuous to emphasise that me to get my hair cut. It’s so annoying. weekend. (go)
1 an action that happened at an unspecified moment in an action finished very recently or is incomplete. He loves to at the
the past. What is significant is the experience, not exactly I’ve been working on my project … I’m going to eat 5 My li°le brother is shouting!
weekend.
when it happened. now and finish it after dinner. It drives me mad.
3 I think it’s terrible to get up early.
I’ve been to Egypt. If we want to emphasise the completion and 6 Why are you always
with your homework?
me for help
(stand)
2 recent events which have a result in the present. result of an action, or how many times an action
I early.
She’s lost her bag. (= She hasn’t got it now.) happens, we must use the present perfect
simple.
/ 6 points
4 I think it’s essential to have a valid
3 actions or situations that began in the past but continue I’ve painted my bedroom. (It’s finished). Present perfect simple passport. (have)
in the present.
I’ve seen that film three times. and continuous I think is essential.
Mark’s lived here for ten years. (= Mark started to live here NOT I’ve been seeing that film three times. 2 Choose the correct alternative. 5 Please think about joining our club.
ten years ago and he still lives here now.)

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1 Have you switched/been switching the TV off? (consider)
4 actions that finished very recently. 2 We’ve been here for/since two hours. Please our club.
They’ve just had an accident. 3 My feet are tired. I’ve stood/been standing 6 Nobody finished the exam before
here for hours. Sarah. (first)
Gerunds and infinitives Sarah was the
4 We’ve seen/been seeing this film twice.
We use the gerund: We use the infinitive with to: 5 My Indian friend’s stayed/been staying in my exam.
as the subject/object of a sentence. to explain why somebody does something. house but she goes back home today. 7 It would be great to see him in concert
next week. (love)
Studying is hard but interesting. Why did he go to university? To study languages. 6 My eyes are tired. I’ve read/been reading
I him in concert
without the light on.
with go to talk about physical activities. immediately aſter adjectives. 7 OK! I’ve finished/been finishing my exam. next week.
go running, swimming, cycling, shopping, swimming, fishing It’s good to revise with other people. / 7 points / 7 points
aſter prepositions. aſter too, enough, the first, the last.
I’m interested in studying history. It’s too cold to go out.
aſter verbs of liking or disliking, e.g. like, love, enjoy, can’t aſter certain verbs like want, learn, agree, decide,
stand, don’t mind, hate. expect, hope, seem, would like, appear, arrange, Vocabulary test
I enjoy watching TV. ask, manage, help, need, promise.
School life Higher education
I want to work for a newspaper.
1 Complete the sentences with the correct 2 Write simple definitions of these words
aſter certain verbs like admit, avoid, consider, risk, suggest. form of these words. and phrases.
I suggest studying this book.

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abroad • continuous assessment • 1 lecture hall
higher education • subject • term • timetable 2 resources
3 student loan
Vocabulary 1 I’d like to study
studying in my own country.
instead of
4 lecturer
5 campus
1 School life 3 do and make 2 Maths is my favourite .
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abroad (adj) • continuous assignment (n) • break (n) • do: an (extra-curricular) activity • an assignment • 3 Our school year has three .
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assessment (n) • coursework (n) • grade/mark (n) • an essay • an exam • a course • a degree • 4 Aſter school, I want to continue in
higher education (n) • notes (n) • subject (n) • term (n) • homework • the shopping • the washing • and go to university. / 7 points
timetable (n) chores • well • your best • a favour • business • 5 I can’t remember my . What do and make
sport • your hair do we have aſter English on Tuesday
2 Higher education make: the dinner • a cake • a decision • morning?
3 Do these words go with do or make?
academic support (n) • a°end (v) • campus (n) • degree (n) • a noise • friends • a mistake • an appointment • 6 I like because it means not an assignment • a decision • a favour •
extra-curricular activity/club/society (n) • facilities (n) • an effort • an excuse • money • progress • everything depends on exams. a plan • progress • the lunch • the shopping

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induction week (n) • lecture (n) • lecture hall (n) • lecturer (n) • a phone call • a plan • a promise • an offer •
postgraduate (n) • resource (n) • scholarship (n) • a suggestion • a choice / 6 points
/ 7 points
student accommodation (n) • student finance (n) •
student loan (n) • (personal) tutor (n) • tutorial (n) •
On-the-Go Practice
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undergraduate (n) Total: / 40 points
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