Needs Assessment of Freshmen and Transferees of MVGFC: Basis for Guidance Program

Princess D. Alabag, MSGC, LPT1, Soledad M. Roguel, Ph.D.2

Guidance Coordinator, Manuel V. Gallego Foudation Colleges Inc.
1
2
VPREL, Dean of Institute of Teacher Education, Manuel V. Gallego Foudation Colleges Inc.

Abstract
This study aimed to identify the needs of freshmen and transferees of Manuel V. Gallego
Foundation Colleges, Inc. The result will serve as a basis for the development of a
comprehensive Guidance program. A total of 86 students were surveyed during the school year
2017-2018. Data was collected using a questionnaire and descriptive statistics were used for data
analysis. The findings revealed that transferees have higher needs in sexuality/self-identity
(2.52), spiritual (2.91), personal (2.70), and career/goals (3.15). On the other hand, both
freshmen and transferees garnered the highest mean on the needs representing test-taking skills,
making good decisions in life, sexual identity, spiritual, become financially independent, and a
strong sense of MVGFC spirit. Moreover, results showed that differences in needs were noted in
terms of student type. The result showed that transferees have higher needs than the freshmen on
sexuality/self-identity, spiritual, personal and career/goals. It is recommended that the Guidance
and Counseling Services of the school should provide seminars and workshops relative to the
needs identified.
Keywords: Guidance program, freshman and transferees, sexuality, self-identity,
spiritual, personal and career/goals

The Guidance Office under the

Student Affairs Office is one of the offices
that provide academic-related services and
programs for the students of Manuel V.
Gallego Foundation Colleges, Inc. To
provide and implement service for the
welfare of Gallegans, the needs assessment
questionnaire was given to freshmen and
transferees to address their concerns during
the school year 2017-2018.
Student needs assessment may help
the school administrators to know student
needs and thus develop programs to address
them. Student needs are influenced by
individual and contextual factors and
sometimes take a complex form including
many problems (Kitzrow, 2003). Knowing
the problems and needs of students will
greatly help counselors to plan their
strategies to reach out to clients more
effectively. It has been observed that few
college students seek the help of counselors.
This study was conducted to determine the
needs of college students. Knowing these
needs will provide data that will serve as a
basis for improving the services provided by
the Guidance office to students.
Objectives of the Study
Specifically, the researchers aimed to
achieve the following objectives:
1. Describe the socio-demographic
profile of the respondents in terms of course
and year level, sex, religion, student type,
and the high school graduated from (private
or public).
2. Identify the needs of the freshmen
and transferees of Manuel V. Gallego
Foundation Colleges, Inc.
3. Find out if there is a significant
relationship between the socio-demographic
characteristics of the students and their
needs.
4. Use result for developing a
comprehensive guidance program for the
freshmen and transferees of MVGFCI.
Significance of the Study

1
 The result of this study will serve as
baseline data of the Manuel V. Gallego
Foundation Colleges, Inc. concerning the
needs of college students’ freshmen and
transferees. The result of the study can be
utilized to address the needs and concerns of
new students of the school.
Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework that
guided this study is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the
Study
The conceptual framework shows the
relationship of the variables of the study.
The socio-demographic characteristics of the
respondents are the independent variables
that presumably may have a relationship to
their needs. The result of the needs
assessment may lead to action to improve
the program and services of the Guidance
Office.
Methodology
Research Design
This study used a descriptive
correlational quantitative research design.
The needs assessment questionnaire
developed by the Student Affairs Office was
used in gathering data.
Participants
The respondents of this study were
the 86 new freshmen and transferees
2
enrolled in various departments during the
school year 2017-2018.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researcher used a copy of the
updated master list from the Registrar Office
of the 1st semester & 2nd semester S.Y. of
2017-2018 to identify the needs of new
students. After choosing the participants, the
researcher asked permission from their
subject teachers to allow them to answer the
questionnaire which consists of 30 items.
The administration of the questionnaire took
15 minutes
Data Analysis
The data were tabulated and
analyzed using descriptive statistical tools.
The researcher used the Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for data
analysis. The researcher used t-test and
ANOVA to know the difference between
socio-demographic characteristics of the
respondents in terms of their needs. Also,
the researcher used Pearson Product
Moment to know the degree of relationship
among the domains of student needs
Results
Socio-Demographic Profile of the
Participants
Course. A total of 86 students from
different programs participated in the
research. The figure shows that most of the
respondents are Criminology students (66)
which composed 77%, while the least
number is from the Computer Science
Department (1%). Based on the student
directory of the Registrar's Office the bulk
of students of Manuel V. Gallego
Foundation Colleges, Inc. were criminology.
The least population was from Associate in
Computer Technology
Sex. The result shows that most of
the participants were male (72%) and 28%
were female (see Figure 2). It was observed
that Criminology dominated the participants
of the survey. Sex distribution was affected
since criminology is predominantly male. adjustment to university life (Aktas, 1997;
There are also some female students in Kapikiran 2002). The result shows that they
criminology. need to improve their study skills. //This was
Religion. The participants attended followed by a strong sense of MVGFC
and practice their beliefs in four religious' spirit, adhering to its mission, vision with a
groups. The dominant religion is mean of 3.17. The study revealed the
Catholicism with a total of 62 or 72% importance of MVGFC spirit among the
followed by Iglesia ni Cristo with 12 or 14% freshmen and transferees. They have the
while Protestant composed 13%. Only 1% feeling that as students they should
belong to Islam. Since MVGFCI is a non- understand the philosophy, vision and
sectarian school different religions of the mission, core values of the institution where
participants were observed. they belong. According to Egbochuku and
Student Type. The figure shows that Akpan (2008) educational needs are
76% (65) of the participants are transferees. connected with learning, study habits that
They came from different schools in affect academic performance, concentration,
Cabanatuan City such as Araullo, NEUST, passing examinations, and time
Good Samaritan Colleges, and Datamax management.
Colleges. There are 21 freshmen from
Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Aurora. Table 1. Questionnaire Needs of Freshmen
Type of High School Graduated and Transferees
From. The result shows that 80% of the As a student, I need...
participants graduated from public schools Study/School Ẋ SD
while 20% graduated from private schools.
The students considered Manuel V. Gallego to improve my study skills 3.23 .80
Foundation Colleges, Inc., a private school, and test-taking skills
as their chosen institution because they to have a strong sense of 3.17 .80
believe that they can afford to enroll and MVGFC spirit, adhering to
finance their schooling. its mission, vision
Needs Questionnaire Overall mean: 3.20 .69
The results of the needs Career and Goals
questionnaire were presented in Table 1. to establish my own life 3.06 .84
The study revealed that most of the goals and carry them out
categorized needs; study/school, career and to explore career goals and 3.12 .88
goals, financial, interpersonal, personal, plans
environmental, recreational, spiritual, time-
to be more motivated in 3.02 .83
management, family, and relationship were
achieving academic success
needed by the new students of MV Gallego
to establish my life’s 3.03 .87
Foundation Colleges, Inc. except for
meaning and direction
sexuality/self-identity.
Overall mean: 3.06 .73
The highest mean among the
categorized needs with a mean of 3.20 were Financial
those of study and school. Under this to earn money and become 3.03 .83
category, the item "to improve my study financially independent
skills and test-taking skills" garnered the Environment
highest mean of 3.23. Freshmen reported
more concern about test anxiety and a place where I feel a sense 2.56 .94
of belongingness

3
a stable environment and 2.71 .87 develop
people to love and accept me self-discipline/control
Overall mean: 2.63 .82 to improve my social graces, 2.98 .83
Interpersonal good manners and etiquette
Overall mean: 2.64 .54
to meet people who do not 2.72 .92
take advantage of me Recreational
physically, emotionally, or to have more time for 2.87 .90
sexually relaxation and enjoy life
a support group that 2.90 .90 Spiritual
understands my emotions to internalize and live out my 2.76 .86
and accepts me for who I am spirituality
and who I want to become Time management
a strong sense of 2.97 .88
commitment and loyalty to manage and use my time 2.97 .75
to cope with pressures from 2.76 .95 wisely properly
school, home, friends, and Family
oneself to relate effectively and 2.87 .83
to join established 2.49 .97 meaningfully with my family
organizations/groups outside members
the school Relationship
Overall mean 2.77 .67
to form a more intimate and 2.73 .84
Personal reciprocal adult-type
relationship
to discover my identity, my 2.98 .79
Sexuality/Self-identity
strengths and weaknesses,
and to see who I am and how an established sexual 2.40 1.0
I relate to and affect the identity/sexual orientation/
world. sexual preference.
to solve problems and make 3.06 .84 Legend:
1.00-1.75 - No Need
good decisions 1.76-2.50 - Little Need
to manage conflict, stress 2.95 .71 2.56-3.25 - Needed
and anxiety well 3.26-4.00 - Extremely Needed
to express myself in an 2.77 .87
acceptable and assertive Since, the focus of the students is to
manner study at Manuel V. Gallego Foundation
to shun nervousness and 2.58 .98 Colleges, Inc, this is an important need to be
fears of others addressed.
to be more comfortable about 2.95 .77 On the other hand, career and goals
speaking up in class or group were the other needs category that garnered
of people a high mean of 3.06. The study also revealed
to establish a positive self- 2.93 .85 that the participants' needs have many items
concept in careers such as exploring career goals and
to develop critical thinking 2.93 .88 future plans (3.12), to establish my own life
and community awareness goals and carry them out (3.06), to establish
to strengthen the will and 2.90 .82 my life's meaning and direction (3.03) and

4
to be more motivated in achieving academic
success (3.02exploringhe following items
shown that to explore career goals and
future plans' garnered the highest mean of
3.12 among the items. The data suggest that
students need to have activities or programs
in terms of career exploration. The findings
in this study is an agreement with
Egbochuku & Akpan, (2008) et.al who
stated that students are faced by a variety of
career as they strive to achieve their
academic goals. Some of these career needs
are; problems in the choice of careers, fear
of failing examinations which leads to
anxiety, and worries about getting a job
related to one's career choice.
The category of financial garnered a
mean of 3.03 with a standard deviation
of .83. The study shows that freshmen and
transferees have a higher need for finances.
The financial matter is one of the important
things to consider once a person decided to
enroll in college. This is supported by
Distajo (2013) who reported that students
with no definite sponsors or students whose
sponsors who could not fully support them
throughout the school year due to
unexpected circumstances, express worries
about their financial status. They have the
kind of fear that they may no longer be
accepted in the coming year, or will not
graduate if their outstanding balance is not
settled. Students had many concerns related
to academic, career, personal and financial
issues (Bostanchi, et al., 2005; Gizir, 2005;
Guneri, et al., 2003).
On the other hand, the environmental
need garnered a mean of 2.63 with a
standard deviation of .82. This need is not
that much concern for the freshmen and
transferees. It was also revealed that the item
"a place to feel a sense of belongingness"
garnered a lower mean of 2.56 with a
standard deviation of .94. The freshmen and
transferee students feel that they belong to
their new environment since their previous
5
classmates, friends, and relatives also
transferred to the same school. The standard
deviation of .94 suggests greater variability
in the student's responses. This result
differed from the study of Distajo, (2013)
who stated that first-year students have the
greatest number of counselees because of
their adjustments to their environment in
dealing with peer groups and individuals.
The recreational need garnered a mean of
2.87 with a standard deviation of .90. It was
revealed that this item is not that much in
need of freshmen and transferees. It was
observed that the Manuel V. Gallego
Foundation Colleges, Inc. provides activities
that will enable the students to enjoy their
college days while studying. The curricular
and extra-curricular activities of the students
are balanced. The relationship needs to
garner a mean of 2.73 with a standard
deviation of .84. The data shows that
freshmen and transferees do not consider
this item as their utmost need. Students
priority is on their academic rather than
relationship with the opposite sex. Spiritual
need garnered a mean of 2.76 with a
standard deviation of .86. The study shows
that there is a level of spiritual engagement
and commitment among the students. Since
MVGFC is a non-sectarian school they were
able to integrate spirituality into their lives.
They gain spiritual strength by trusting in a
higher power, they pray and discuss religion
and spirituality with friends (Spirituality in
Higher Education, 2003). However, the
standard deviation of .86 suggests variability
in responses.
Moreover, the result shows that
interpersonal need (Ẋ=2.77), family need
(Ẋ=2.87), and time management need
(Ẋ=2.97) were needed by students. The
result suggests that students can interact and
mingle with others; able to relate with their
family members, and have the ability to
manage time wisely. However, under the
item of interpersonal need, 'to join
established organizations/groups outside the
school' garnered the lowest mean of 2.49
with a standard deviation of .97 it means
that freshmen and transferees consider this
item a little need. It is not their priority to
join outside organizations/group since
Manuel V. Gallego Foundation College, Inc.
provides college-based student organizations
and provide different student activities.
However, students differ in their opinions as
regards this matter as shown by the standard
deviation of .97.
On the other hand, the personal need
garnered a mean of 2.64 with a standard
deviation of .54. The study revealed that this
category is not that much need for the
students. They manage conflict, stress and
anxiety well. They can express themselves
acceptably and assertively. Yet, under the
item of personal need which is to solve
problems and make good decisions mean of
3.06 with a standard deviation of .84 was
obtained. It means that freshmen and
transferee students need activities or
programs related to good decision-making
and how to handle problems. The study also
revealed that under the item personal need,
to shun nervousness and fears of others got
the lowest mean of 2.58 with a standard
deviation of .98. It means they have little
need for this item. Freshmen and transferee
students can express themselves without
fear. However, the item under the category
sexuality/self-identity need garnered the
lowest mean of 2.40 with a standard
deviation of 1.0. The study shows that this
category is in little need of freshmen and
transferee students of MV Gallego. They
can express their own identity and even
sexuality in their school. However, the
standard deviation is quite big suggesting
that the responses on this item are more
variable.
Comparison of Needs of Freshmen and
Transferees using t-test
6
Since we are in a learning institution,
diversity is expected. Many of our students
have different backgrounds and inclusivity
is the least thing we can do. Inclusion of
their culture, sexual orientation, religion,
and background can give the students a
sense of belongingness. The institution
needs to know their needs so that proper
programs will be implemented immediately.
Independent t-test was used to
compare the difference between the needs of
freshmen and transferees and this is shown
in Table 2. The trend shows that transferees
have greater need on sexuality (t=2.106,
p<.05), spiritual (t=2.989, p<.01), personal
(t=1.721, p<.05) and career and goals
(t=2.11, p<.05). As shown in Table 2, there
is a significant difference in terms of self-
identity/sexuality between freshmen and
transferees. The freshmen got an average of
2.0 while the transferees got an average of
2.52. It means that transferees have higher
needs for self-identity/sexuality. These
students need people who do not take
advantage of their physical, emotional, or
sexuality. They also need a support group
that will help them understand their
emotions and accept them for who they are,
regardless of their self-identity. The ability
to cope with pressures from school, home,
friends, and oneself despite their sexual
preferences are what they needed. A study
made by Brandon-Friedman (2016) shows
that support from sexuality-specific campus
groups is what college students needed
especially when they are in the midst of
sexual identity confusion not supported by
friends and significant others. On this note,
the role of the higher institution as regards
this matter is essential.
Also, there is a highly significant
difference in the need for spirituality (t=-
2.989, p=.004). The freshmen got an
average of 2.28 while the transferees got an
average of 2.90. It shows that transferees
have a higher need for spirituality. Since
 transferees are in a new environment they do Financial 2.81 3.10 -1.436 .155
not have friends yet. Therefore, they will go aspect
to someone whom they consider as their Relationship 2.48 2.81 -1.612 .111
higher being. They could seek help, confide Legend:
in their problems, and belief that will help 1.00-1.75 - No Need
them. According to Spirituality in Higher 1.76-2.50 - Little Need
Education, (2003) God/Higher being is 2.56-3.25 - Needed
essential to the lives of an individual. It is 3.26-4.00 - Extremely Needed
the source of joy. It provides support, The freshmen got an average of 2.47
strength, and guidance, and it gives meaning while the transferees got an average of 2.70.
and purpose in life. A significant difference The result revealed that transferees have
was also noted in personal needs (t=1.721, higher personal needs. These are the
p<.05). Aside from the mental and spiritual students who cannot express themselves in
support, their religion gives them, their faith front of many people. Since transferees are
in their religion will give them a high level from other schools, they may have the
of self-efficacy. A correlational study by feeling that they are not comfortable in their
Abar, Carter & Winsler (2009) revealed that new environment which may result in
highly religious students tend to perform nervousness and lack of self-confidence.
well academically, study better, and engage According to Kandi (2014), students should
in fewer risk behaviors than youth less improve decision making, overcome shyness
committed to religion, Therefore, if the and increase self-confidence, once these
institution can give students support in line needs are met, communication skills will be
with their religion, academic performance increased to a great extent. In a study made
will follow and their behavior will likely to by Gallagher, Gollin & Kelleher (1992),
be pleasant. anxiety, fear, shyness, loneliness, sexuality,
somatic complaints, social inadequacy, lack
Table 2. Comparison of Needs of Freshmen of purpose, problems with faculty, and the
and Transferees using t-test need for career and learning skills courses
Difference in Fresh Trans t p were the basic personal needs that college
Student type men ferees students need support from the professionals
in terms of Ẋ Ẋ in the institution.
Student Moreover, a significant difference
Needs was observed in career and goals (t=-2.114,
Environment 2.50 2.68 -.862 .391 p=˂.05). The freshmen got an average of
Interpersonal 2.57 2.83 -1.537 .128 2.77 while transferees got an average of
Sexuality/ 2.00 2.52 -2.106 .038* 3.15. It shows that transferees consider
Self-identity career and goals as important. In terms of
Recreational 2.76 2.91 -.640 .524 career and goal, the students become more
Spiritual 2.29 2.91 -2.989 .004* motivated in achieving academic success
Time 2.76 3.03 -1.421 .159 once they develop the self-discipline to pass
management all their subjects and to graduate in their
Personal 2.47 2.70 -1.721 .026* chosen field. Aside from this, the families
Family 2.71 2.92 -.993 .323 had high hopes that when these students
Study/School 3.12 3.23 -.645 .521 graduate, they will contribute to a stable
Career and 2.77 3.15 -2.114 .037* family income, thus uplifting their family
Goals from poverty (Atik & Yalcin, 2010). At the

7
 end of the day, the reason why students are
studying well is to have a better career after
school. It has been noted that the
development of student support services at
higher education institutions enables
successful students' integration into a higher
education institution, creates conditions for
positive study experience, and helps to
ensure a smooth transition from the higher
education institution into the labor market
(The Bologna Process Implementation
Report, 2012).
Conclusion
The following conclusions were
drawn based on the findings of the study.
1. The socio-demographic profile of the
respondents reveals that the students were
predominantly male (72%) belonging to
Criminology Program (76.74%), Catholic
(72%), and transferees (75.58%). Most of
them graduated from public school (80.23%).
2. Both transferees and freshmen
garnered the highest mean on the following
needs: test-taking skills (3.23), solve
problems and make good decisions (3.06),
explore career goals and plans (3.12), to earn
money and become financially independent
(3.03) and a strong sense of MVGFC spirit,
adhering to its mission and vision (3.17).
3. Student needs when classified in
terms of their socio-demographic
characteristics show that significant
difference was noted in terms of student type.
Transferees have higher needs than the
freshmen on sexuality/self-identity, spiritual,
personal, and career/goals. No significant
difference was noted when students are
classified according to sex, course, and
religion.
Recommendations
Based on the findings presented and
discussed, the following recommendations
are given:
8
1. Both transferees and freshmen
garnered the highest mean on the following
needs, test-taking skills, make good
decisions in life, become financially
independent, and have a strong sense of
MVGFC Spirit. The following are
recommended:
 Conduct seminars related to study
skills such as test-taking skills and note-
taking.
 Conduct group guidance activity on
how to make good decisions in life.
 Establish tie-ups to MVGFC
agricultural projects and let the students
sell products as a means of financial
support.
 Strengthen the strong sense of
identity as Gallegans
 Provide Identification Card (ID)
among new students (freshmen &
transferees) two weeks after they enrolled
 Conduct flag-raising ceremony every
Monday to be able for them to sing the
MVGFC Hymn
 Integrate the vision and mission of
the school in syllabus use by faculty
members
2. The data revealed that transferees
have the highest average in terms of needs in
sexuality/self-identity, spiritual, personal
and, career and goal. It is recommended the
following be done.
 Conduct seminars regarding gender
differences and invite LGBTQ advocate as
speakers.
 Conduct psycho-spiritual counseling
for the transferees.
 The pre-employment seminar should
also contain activities that will focus on
establishing the right attitude and right
frame of mind before employment.
3. Encourage students to maximize
counseling services. They should feel
comfortable talking to the Guidance
Counselor about their issues and increase
their awareness in Guidance and Counseling
services.
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