The weekly problem sheet (November 23 - 27)

R
1) Prove Abel’s formula W (t) = Ce tr(A(t))dt in the case of 2 2-linear
system x0 (t) = A (t) x (t) with continuous A : I ! M2 , thereafter try to prove
the formula in the general case of n n-system.

2) Find
2 a fundamental
3 matrix (t) to the linear system x0 (t) = Ax (t) if
1 1 2
A=4 1 2 1 5.
2 1 1

3) Find a fundamental matrix (t) to the linear system x0 (t) = Ax (t) if

2 1
A= and describe the behavior of solutions as t ! +1.
1 2

3) Find the fundamental matrix (t) to the linear system x0 (t) = Ax (t) if
5=4 3=4
(a) A = ;
3=4 5=4

4 3
(b) A = ;
8 6

(c) Test Abel’s formula in items (a) and (b).