HELLO EVERYONE TEACHERS AND FRIENDS

Myself Soumil Chandrakar and will present what is vaccine and

what is Covishield and Covaxine . So lets begins ---

Origin of Vaccine ----

The first diseases people tried to prevent by inoculation was mostly
likely smallpox, with the first recorded use of variolation occurring
in the 16th century in China. Its was also the first disease for which
vaccine was produced.
 WHAT IS VACCINE ?

• Vaccine:- A preparation that is used to stimulate the body’s immune

response against diseases. Vaccine are usually administered through
needle injections, but some can be administered by mouth or sprayed
into nose.
• Vaccination:- The act of introduction a vaccine into the body to
produce protection from a specific disease.
• Immunization:- A process by which a person becomes protected
against a disease through vaccination. This term is often used
interchangeably with vaccination or inoculation.
QUICK FACT ON VACCINE

➢In the past 60 years, vaccines helped eradicate one disease

(smallpox) and are close to eradicating another (polio).
➢Vaccines prevent more than 2.5 million deaths each year.
➢Vaccines helped reduce measles deaths globally by 78%
between 2000 and 2008. In sub-Saharan Africa, deaths dropped
by 92% in the same period.
➢Not all vaccines are given as shots. Some vaccines are given
orally.
 WHAT IS COVISHIELD ?

➢Covishield is the same vaccine as that produced in Europe, except it is

made by the SII, the world’s largest vaccine manufacturer.
➢Like the European-made version of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine, it
consists of a harmless version of a type of virus called an adenovirus
that normally infects chimpanzees.
➢This adenovirus has had genetic material from the coronavirus added
to it. When the vaccine enters the human body, the recipient’s cells
produce spike proteins like those of the coronavirus. This teaches the
immune system to recognize them and respond should the individual
subsequently be exposed to the virus.
 WHAT IS COVAXINE ?

➢COVAXIN®, India's indigenous COVID-19 vaccine by Bharat Biotech is

developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research
(ICMR) - National Institute of Virology (NIV).
➢The indigenous, inactivated vaccine is developed and manufactured in
Bharat Biotech's BSL-3 (Bio-Safety Level 3) high containment facility.
➢The vaccine is developed using Whole-Virion Inactivated Vero
Cell derived platform technology. Inactivated vaccines do not replicate
and are therefore unlikely to revert and cause pathological effects. They
contain dead virus, incapable of infecting people but still able to
instruct the immune system to mount a defensive reaction against an
infection.
 HOW COVAXINE OR COVISHIELD MADE

• Covaxine and Covishield are both similar vaccines made using

inactive/modified versions of the virus.
• While Covishield, which is manufactured and marketed by Serum
Institute of India is a viral vector vaccine that uses an adenovirus
found in Chimpanzees, ChAD0x1, to deliver spike proteins and
mount a tolerable immune response in response to a live virus.
• On the other hand, Covaxine is also a traditionally made vaccine
but uses an inactive viral strain. It makes use of a dead virus that
drafts an immune response.
 IS ONE BETTER THAN THE OTHER ? THAN
THE OTHER?
• Covaxine and Covishield are both homegrown vaccines that have driven
India's vaccination drives. While Covaxine is fully made, developed and
produced in India, Covishield is manufactured by Pune-based Serum
Institute of India.
• Yet, there are some dissimilarities and benefits which peg them apart.
Covishield or the Oxford-AstraZeneca jab remains to be the popular
choice, used in maximum countries. Covaxine, on the other hand, is
now considered to be one of the most effective and tolerant vaccines
against mutant strains. But, do the differences make one better than
the other?
• There's now a growing debate that surrounds the use of the two
vaccines, with both being available in the open market now.
 SUMMING UP THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
COVISHIELD AND COVAXINE

COVISHIELD COVAXINE
• The interval between 1st and 2nd doses • The interval between the 2 doses is 4-6
in 12-16 week. weeks.
• Efficacy after the second dose can vary • This vaccine can be 78-95% effective
from 70-90%. after the second dose.
• People above 18 years of age can opt • This vaccine can be injected into
for this vaccine. people above 18 years of age.
THANKYOU SO MUCH
Presented by Soumil Chandrakar
Class Teacher – Shaily Kapoor ma’am
Class – 9 C