PERSONAL ETHICS v CORPORATE ETHICS

BUT WHAT IS GOOD?

IS
CONFORMITY WITH A

STANDARD
WHICH STANDARDS ARE NATURAL?

Natural Opposite

= received = acquired
= automatic = decided
= common = specific
= less control = most control
WHICH STANDARDS ARE NATURAL?

existence
completeness
health
techniques
morality
 Abraham Maslow
Psychologist

Studied
Exemplary people
Playfulness and affection of animals
Attachment behavior
Need precedence
Attempted to isolate what makes humans and animals
individuals
Founder of humanistic positive psychology
 ACTIVITY

1. With your neighbour list as many

human needs as you can in 3 minutes

2. See if you can classify them in three or

more levels
 Humans are basically:
Trustworthy
Self-protecting
Self-governing

Humans tend towards growth and love

Violence, lying and theft are not intrinsic to them
Humans are motivated by unsatisfied needs
There are many needs and their urgency varies
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Deficiency Need - general type of need that
must be satisfied before a person can act
unselfishly
Motivation toward satisfying these “deficient”
needs moves a person toward growth and
self-actualization
Satisfying needs is healthy
Blocking gratification of needs causes sickness
or evil tendencies
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological

Most basic necessities for life

❖ Air
❖ Water
❖ Sleep
❖ Food
❖ Shelter
❖ Procreation
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Safety

Establishing Stability and Consistency

Security and protection
Nurturing home and family
Job security
Financial security
Insurance, etc.
Becoming concerned with fears and anxieties
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Love
Love and Belonging
Friends
Companionship
Offspring
Community
Loneliness
Social anxieties
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Esteem
Two types:
Lower form needs
Respect of others, status, power, dominance
Fame, glory, attention, recognition, reputation, appreciation
Higher form needs
Self-respect, confidence
Competence, achievement, mastery
Independence, freedom
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Self - Actualization

The desire to become more than you are and all that you can
Maximize potential
Seek knowledge
Altruism - working for peace and the betterment of mankind
Esthetic experiences
Self-fulfillment
Oneness with God
This level can only truly be achieved after all precursory needs are met
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Self - Transcendence

The desire to find our place in the whole of reality

Something that is bigger than us
 MORALITY = RESPONSIBLE
IS ONLY ON WHAT IS UNDER
OUR CONTROL, OUR DECISION
OUR FREE ACTS
CAN WE CONTROL OUR
BEHAVIOUR
OUR REACTIONS ?
WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF
CONTROLS FOR BEHAVIOUR?

GIVE SENTENCES THAT WE

USE TYPICALLY TO REFER
TO PEOPLES’ SOURCE OF
BEHAVIOUR
WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF
CONTROLS FOR BEHAVIOUR?

AGGRESSIVE TEMPERAMENT

GOOD CHARACTER

GREAT PERSONALITY
 03 KNOWING & EMOTIONS

Let's not forget that the

little emotions are the
great captains of our
lives and we obey them
without realizing it
Vincent Van Gogh, 1889
IQ
intelligence quotient

100 x mental age/age

 INSIDE OUT
Joy, Sadness, Fear, Anger and Disgust
EQ emotional quotient
 We have spoken about
emotions, how sensitive we are
to them and how changeable
they are in us, but what are the
emotions at our natural level?
 They are for the animal to
quench the needs they have
ANIMAL APPETITES TENDENCIES
air water food

exercise rest reproduction

APPETITES ARE THE SOURCE OF AFFECTIONS

EMOTIONS ALWAYS FOLLOW
KNOWLEDGE

OF WHAT SATISFIES
THE PARTICULAR
NEED
concupiscible feelings
SENSITIVE EMOTIONS
DESIRE

ATTRACTI
ON TO
THE
EASY
GOOD
REPUGNACE - AVERSION

AVOIDING
THE
UMPLESANT
PLEASURE

ACHIEVING
THE
SENSITIVE
GOOD
 PAIN

PRESENT BAD THING

Irascible feelings
BIG, DIFFICULT BUT ACHIVEABLE

EXPECTATION
GIVING UP TO AN IMMINENT DANGER

DESPAIR
TAKING ON A GREAT DANGER

COURAGE
GREAT DANGER APPROACHING

FEAR
 BIG GOOD
LOST
RAGE OR
GREAT BAD
THE SENSES CHART
Cognitions Affections
knowing feeling

Estimative

Memory  Concupiscible appetite

Imagination
Irascible appetite

Common sense
 Act
5 External Senses Motor Powers s
 TEMPERAMENT

A person's or animal's nature, esp. as it

permanently affects their behavior: "she
had an artistic temperament".

the combination of the four cardinal humors, the

relative proportions of which were supposed to
determine physical and mental constitution.
SOMATOTYPE Sheldon 1950
 TEMPERAMENT ACORDING TO THE ANCIENT
GREEKS
the combination of
the four human
liquids,
the relative
proportions
determine the
constitutional way
of acting

Hippocrates 640 bc
 Produced
Character Humor Fluid Element
by
Irritable Choleric Yellow bile Spleen Fire

Depressed Melancholic Black bile Gall bladder Earth

Optimistic Sanguine Blood Liver Air

Calm Phlegmatic Phlegm Lungs Water

01. Everything DiSC Workplace® Introduction
 TEMPERAMENT

A person's or animal's nature, esp. as it

permanently affects their behavior: "he
is a melancholic”, “she has a choleric
temperament”
 TEMPERAMENT
the combination of the four human liquids,
the relative proportions
determine the constitutional way of acting
 super E = 10
10
emotional 9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Police as 2
cold as a 1 E=1
stone
 How changeable are you?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 emotions
Emotions last change
for a long time fast
V=1
V= 10
E= E= E= E=
V= V= V= V=
E+ C- E+
C+

E- C- E- C+
 E =10
Very emotional
bos
s
mi
mi
C =1
C =10
Invariable
introversion changeable
extraversion

cla
ss
E =1 ma
te
little emotional
Very
emotional

little
emotional
TEMPERAMENT
Galen

Melancholic Choleric
Phlegmatic Sanguine
E+
Choleric
C+
E+
Melancholic
C-
E-
Sanguine
C+
E-
Phlegmatic
C-
DID THIS MATCH YOUR IMPRESSIONS?

E+ C- E+
C+
E- C+
E- C-
 ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR FIRST

REACTIONS ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR

SECOND REACTIONS ?

CAN WE IMPROVE OUR TEMPERAMENT ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE TO IMPROVE IT?

 First Reactions = ANTECENDENT =
BEFORE

DECISIONS = CONSEQUENT = AFTER

We are responsible for our

Decisions i.e.
to stick to what we feel…
or to incite emotions
CAN WE IMPROVE OUR TEMPERAMENT ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR FIRST

REACTIONS ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR

SECOND REACTIONS ?
 THE senses CHART
Cognitions Affections
knowing feeling

Estimative
Concupiscibl
e appetite
Memory  Irascible
Imagination appetite

Common sense
 Acts
5 External Senses Motor Powers
 BEHAVIOUR

DISPOSITION = temperament

KNOWLEDGE
DECISIONS = FREE ACTION

awareness
reflection

decision
action
 KNOWING &
EMOTIONS
Let's not forget that the little
emotions are the great
captains of our lives and we
obey them without realizing it

Vincent Van Gogh, 1889

First Reactions = ANTECENDENT

Second Reactions = DECISIONS

DECISIONS = consequent

We are responsible for our

Decisions:
to stick or to cause emotions
ANIMAL EMOTIONS

ALWAYS FOLLOW KNOWLEDGE

affection afficere = do something to

sentiment sentire = to feel with the senses

passion patio = to suffer
EMOTIONS AND DRUGS
 NOW THE BIG QUESTION

WHAT DO THE SENSITIVE EMOTIONS

HAVE TO DO
WITH ETHICS?

Phineas Gage
Phineas Gage
Triadic Structure

97
who

what

how
98
POWERS OF HUMAN BEINGS

INTELLIGENCE MIND

WILL POWER HEART

 character

temperament
100
Triadic Structure

101
 SPIRITUAL
personal

EMOTIONS
SENTI- essential
MENTS

FEELINGS
natural
CAN WE IMPROVE OUR CHARACTER ?

ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT ?

EVEN WHEN WE WERE A CHILD ?

WE ARE WHAT WE
CONSISTENTLY DO

VIRTUES
 LETS HAVE A SHORT SAMPLE

People oriented
Task oriented

How are you?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
 Outgoing 10
9
8
7
6
How are you? 5
+4
+3
+2
+1
Reserved 0
 10 outgoing

7
0 10
people
2

0 reserved
 outgoing 10

Dominant Influencer

People oreinted
Task oriented

7
0 10

2
Careful Steady
1 reserved
02 People Are Predictably Different
DISC MODEL

Simple
OFFICE
Character
Classification
04 D and I Robert Rohm
05 C and S Character Robert Rohm
 CHOOSE THE BIRD THAT IS LIKE HIM/HER

parrot owl

eagle
dove
Did you get it right ?
Two questions on this clip

What is the lady’s EQ?

What is the mans’ temperament?

 present
observable
regular behaviour
Character might change because:

1. Some traumatic experiences alter

their perception of the world, of other
characters, and of themselves.
2. The world is changing around them
and they need to adapt.
3. They travel to a new world and need
to adapt to it.
4. They’re growing older.
To change behaviour, change mind,
change feelings, change body state

Dr. Alan Watkins

 SPIRITUAL
personal

EMOTIONS
SENTI- essential
MENTS

FEELINGS
natural
Watch your thoughts, for they become words
Watch your words, for they become actions
Watch your actions, for they become habits
Watch your habits, for they become character
Watch your character, for it becomes your destiny.
 our most intimate
source of decisions
that controls our
temperament to
mould our character
 Definition of Person
Etymon: Latin “persona”
Real: “Individual substance of
rational nature” Boetius

133
Ontological Trascendentals

134
Intimacy Novelty
CO Personal

EXIS
TENCE
Personal
Personal
KNOW
LOVE
LEDGE

Donating Seeking
135
RELATIONSHIPS

136
 Real 2
Definition of Person
“The spiritual individual substance
who is intimate with himself and others
is constitutively free
has unceasing thirst for knowledge
and self giving love”

137
CAN WE IMPROVE OUR TEMPERAMENT ?

CAN WE IMPROVE OUR CHARACTER ?

CAN WE IMPROVE OUR PERSONALITY ?

DECISIONS

VIRTUES

SKILLS
 Real
DECISIONS

VIRTUES

SKILLS

observable
Angela Lee; Grit
Triadic Structure

143
4 psychological processes 4 types of needs

COGNITION knowledge

AFFECTION emotions

MOTIVATION desires

VOLITION decisions

ACTIVITY….. Which one is more important?

 Abraham Maslow;
A Theory of Human Motivation, 1943

Hierarchy of Needs
personality

character

temperament
146
Good Night