Reuters Institute

Digital News Report 2022

More information at
digitalnewsreport.org/2022 @risj_oxford | #DNR22
Representing half the world’s population

93,000
6
2
1

Respondents

46
4

Continents 3
6

Markets
2
Online poll conducted between January to early February 2022
Internet Internet Internet
Market Sample Size Population Market Sample Size Population Market Sample Size Population
Penetration Penetration Penetration
Europe Poland 2,009 38m 78% Asia Pacific

UK 2,410 67m 95% Portugal 2,011 10.3m 78% Australia 2,038 26m 84%

Austria 2,004 9.0m 88% Romania 2,001 19.5m 74% Hong Kong 2,010 7.6m 89%

Belgium 2,044 11.6m 94% Slovakia 2,007 5.5m 85% India 2,035 1393m 54%

Bulgaria 2,003 7.0m 67% Spain 2,028 46m 93% Indonesia 2,068 276m 77%

Croatia 2,001 4.1m 92% Sweden 2,064 10.1m 96% Japan 2,015 126m 95%

Czech Republic 2,009 10.6m 88% Switzerland 2,004 8.6m 94% Malaysia 2,004 33m 89%

Denmark 2,059 5.8m 98% Turkey 2,007 83m 83% Philippines 2,023 111m 82%

Finland 2,009 5.6m 94% Americas Singapore 2,017 5.9m 88%

France 2,059 66m 92% USA 2,036 331m 90% South Korea 2,026 51m 96%

Germany 2,002 82m 96% Argentina 2,012 456 91% Taiwan 2,115 24m 92%

Greece 2,004 11.1m 73% Brazil 2,022 214m 75% Thailand 2,036 70m 84%

Hungary 2,013 9.7m 89% Canada 2,012 38m 94% Africa

Ireland 2,016 4.8m 92% Chile 2,011 19m 75% Kenya 2,032 55m 85%

Italy 2,004 59m 93% Colombia 2,027 51m 75% Nigeria 2,017 211m 73%

Netherlands 2,003 17.1m 96% Mexico 2,005 132m 67% South Africa 2,008 60m 58%

Norway 2,010 5.4m 98% Peru 2,027 33m 82%

Spanish translation by
Polling by Supported by

3
Additional survey – one month
after Russia invasion of Ukraine

Five
Countries

Poland, Germany,
UK, USA & Brazil
Late March, early April,
1000 sample.

4
Changes
over time

@risj_oxford
Sources of news USA – TV, print, online and social media
Further drop in TV, other sources remain stable

90%
TRUMP BUMP BIDEN SLUMP?
80%

72%
70% Online flat
69% 67%
60%
Further drop in TV
50% 47% 48%
Social media flat
40%
42%

30% 28% Radio news down

27%
20% 16% Print long decline
15%
10% 15%*
3% None of these options
0%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total 2013–22 samples (n ≈ 2000). Note: No data for 2014 due to a scripting
error. *The figure for no news would have been 12% without a methodology change where we previously excluded those who said they consumed no news in last month. 6
Sources of news GERMANY – TV, print, online and social media
Online overtakes TV for the first time

90%

80% 82%

70% Online flat

63% 68%
65%
60% 60%
Further drop in TV
50% 51%
Radio news down
40% 39%

30% 32% Social media flat

26%
20% Print long decline
18%
10%
5%*
None of these options
1%
0%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total 2013–22 samples (most n ≈ 2000). Note: No data for 2014 due to a scripting error.
*The figure for no news would have been 4% without a methodology change where we previously excluded those who said they consumed no news in last month. 7
Interest in news is also falling in most countries …

Countries with some of the biggest declines

Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

8
But some countries are less affected
Countries with more stable interest in news

Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

9
 Selective news avoidance is growing over time ….
38% say they often or or sometimes avoid the news (up from 29% in 2019)

2017 2019 2022

60%

54%

46%
40%
41% 42% 41% 42% 41%
38% 38%
35% 36% 35% 36%
34% 33% 33% 34%
30% 29% 29% 29%
27% 28%
26%
20% 24% 24% 25%
20% 20%
18% 17%
14% 15% 14%
11%
6%
0%
Brazil UK United States Ireland Australia France Spain Italy Germany Denmark Finland Japan

Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

10
What they
Selective say…
news avoidance is growing over time…

“I actively avoid news about politics.

46%
It makes me feel small and no matter
what my views
it won’t make any difference”
43% say there is too
much politics and COVID 19

say they often

Female, or or sometimes
22, UK
avoid the news these days…
36% say news has negative
effect on mood
Up from 24% in 2017 “I avoid things
that trigger my anxiety
and things that can have a
Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: UK: 2410 negative impact on my day”
Male, 27, UK
11
Top reasons for selective news avoidance
Across countries the reasons for avoidance are very similar…

43%
“I actively say there is too
avoid news about politics. 36% say news has negative
much politics and COVID 19 effect on mood
It makes me feel small and no matter
what my views
29% say
it won’t make anythedifference”
news is 17% say it leads to
Female, untrustworthy
22, UK or biased arguments I’d rather avoid

29% say they are worn 16% say there is nothing

out by amount of news I can do with the information

12
Are we making the news too hard to follow or understand?
% of avoiders who say news is hard to follow or understand – by age
SELECTED COUNTRIES

16%
15% 15%
Under 35 Over 35

11% 11% 11% 11%

7% 7% 7%
6% 6% 6% 6%
5% 5%
4% 4%
3%
2%

Australia Brazil USA France Spain Germany Denmark Poland Slovakia UK

Q1di_2017ii. Why do you find yourself actively trying to avoid the news? Showing code for news is hard to follow understand
Base– those who avoid news sometimes/often/occasionally in each country

13
Trust in
the news
Trust down in 21 markets
up in only seven

@risj_oxford
Proportion that trusts most news most of the time
All markets
Northern 69% +4
Africa South Africa 61%
Europe Denmark 58%
56%
Nigeria 58%
Ireland 52% Kenya 57%
50%
UK 34% Asia Pacific Thailand 53%
43%
Western 56% Japan 44%
Europe Belgium 51% 41%
50% Hong Kong 41%
Switzerland 46% 41%
41% Indonesia 39%
France 29% 37%
Malaysia 36%
Southern 61% 30%
Europe Croatia Taiwan 27%
38%
36%
Italy 35% Latin 48%
32% America Peru 41%
Greece 27% 38%
Colombia 37%
Eastern 42% 37%
Europe Bulgaria 35% Argentina 35%
34%
Romania 33% North 42%
27% America United States 26% -3
Slovakia 26%

Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general , do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I think you can trust most news most of the time
Base: Total sample in each country(n≈2000) 15
How politics and polarization affect trust

TRUST OVER TIME USA 2015-22 TRUST OVER TIME FINLAND 2015-22

90% 90%

80%
Parliamentary
80%
Trump elected Biden elected elections
70%
70% 70%
65%

60% 60% 66%

64%

50% 50%

40%
39% 40%
35%
30% Fake news media narrative 30% Consensus politics,
lands with right little fake news narrative
25%
20% 20%
14%
Sanna Mafin,
10% 10% Prime Minister

0% 0%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Left Right Left Right

Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general , do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I think you can trust most news most of the time
Base: All respondents 2015-2022 (n≈2000) 16
Elsewhere people worry about interference by politicians

Just 17% say news media is

free from undue influence
in Poland
And 15% in Hungary

Q6_2016_4. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or

disagree with the following statements? – The news media in my
country are independent from undue political or government
influence most of the time. Base: Total sample in each market (n
≈ 2000).

17
Paying for
online news

@risj_oxford
Payment for online news may be levelling off? Selected 20 markets
Increases in Sweden, Australia, Germany and Austria but elsewhere growth limited or flat

pay of online news, average

41% +3pp
17% of 20 markets
33%
+5pp
+5pp

19% 19% 19% 18% 18% 18% 17%

16%
15% 14% 14% 14%
12% 12% 12% 11%
10%
9%

NOR SWE FIN USA BEL AUS SUI DEN NLD IRE CAN GER POL AUT POR SPA ITA FRA JPN UK

Q7a. Have you paid for ONLINE news content, or accessed a paid for ONLINE news service in the last year ? (This could be digital subscription, combined digital/print subscription or one off payment for an article or app
or e-edition) Base = 2000 in each market

19
Winner takes most story persists
(largely)
53 %

43 %

2 27 %

39 %

Q7_SUBS_name_2022. You said you have

paid a subscription/membership to a digital
news service in the last year… Which of the
3% following did you subscribe to? Please select
all that apply. Base: All that paid for an
ongoing subscription/membership to a
digital news service in the last year: Range:
Germany = 143 to Sweden = 431.
5%

20
Substack revolution still has some way to go
Highest levels in the US but even here 1% or less of the adult population are paying for a newsletter. Fewer still
for a podcast or video blog

7% But just
of news subscribers
currently pay for a
1%
In Germany
journalist email
and Australia
in United States Q7_SUBS_name_2022. You said you
have paid a subscription/membership to a
digital news service in the last year…
Which of the following did you subscribe
to? Base = All who have made a regular
payment to at least one digital news
service in last year. Base: USA=304,
Germany=183, Australia=270

21
Impact of
other media
subscriptions ….

@risj_oxford
 Media subscriptions and by age - UK
Skews younger Skews older

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+

80%
81%
78%
75% 73% 75%

60%
61%
44%
49% 38%
40%

20% 15% 26%

21% 21% 19% 21% 21%
18% 7% 8%
13% 12% 5% 2% 4% 4%
0%
TV streaming Music Audiobook/podcasts Sports News

Q_Sub_fatigue1 There are many different online media subscriptions you can pay for these days. How many of the following _online media subscriptions_ do you currently have, if any, that you
pay for with your own money? Q7_SUBS. You said you have paid a subscription or made an on-going donation to a digital news service in the last year. How many different news providers do you
23
regularly pay money to? Base: 2022; UK.
Morethey
What or fewer
say… subscriptions this year?

“Energy costs, along with petrol

More About the same Fewer
and food prices are all rising.
Germany 21% 71% 8%
Luxuries will need to be cut to
freeUSA
up more money”
14% 72% 14%
Female, 57, UK
Portugal 13% 70% 17%
“I feel that this time is the most
UK 10% important81%time to know as much news 9%
and information about our
surroundings as possible”
M, 33, USA
Q_Sub_fatigue2a. In the next year, do you expect the number of online media subscriptions you pay for with your own money to increase, decrease, or stay the same? Base: Total sample with don’t
knows removed, Germany =1727, USA=1692, Portugal= 1707, UK=2147

24
Journalists
or brands?

@risj_oxford
Respondents still pay most attention to news brands
Named journalists matter less in Finland (9%) and Denmark (12%),
more in France (58%) and Brazil (59%) and the USA (36%)

News brands / Specific journalists or commentators

9%
12%
91% 17% 19%
88% 20% 20% 20% 21% 22%
22% 23%
24% 25% 26% 26% 26%
83% 81% 27% 27% 28% 28%
80% 80% 80% 79% 78% 29% 30% 30% 30%
31% 32% 32% 33%
78% 77% 76% 33% 34% 35%
75% 74% 74% 74% 73% 73% 35% 36% 36% 36%
72% 72% 71% 38% 39%
70% 70% 70% 69% 68%
68% 67% 67% 66% 42% 43% 43%
65% 65% 64% 64% 64% 46% 48%
62% 61%
58% 57% 57% 52% 53%
54% 52%
58% 59%
48% 47%
42% 41%

FIN DEN HUN SWE NOR NTL GER UK CZE KEN SGN CHI AUT AUS ZA HK ARG NIG ESP IRE TAI ITA GRE SUI MLY PER POL BEL SVK IND JPN ROM CAN MEX USA BGR INDIA KOR POR CRO THA PHL COL TUR FRA BRA

[Q_Journalists_1] When looking for news online, which of the following do you tend to pay most attention to? Base = 2000 in each market

26
Gateways for
accessing news

@risj_oxford
Changing gateways to news – all markets
MAIN WAY OF GETTING TO NEWS

75% (+2)
side-door access
30%

25%

20%

15%
23% 28% 26%
10% (-2) (+2) (+1)
Q10a_new2017_rc.
Which of these was the
**MAIN** way in which
5% you came across news in
9% 8% 5% the last week?
Base: All= 85,969
0%
Direct Social media Search Mobile alerts Aggregators Email

28
Main gateways to news 2018-2022 All countries
In aggregate terms, social overtook direct traffic in 2021. Though there are huge differences between countries.
Nordics still have very strong direct traffic, Lat Am and some Asia countries less so.
Direct access to websites apps Social media access
MAINLY DIRECT (2022)
40%
Finland 65%
Norway 59%
32%
30%
UK 46%
28%

23% MOSTLY SOCIAL (2022)

23%
20%
Thailand 59%
Philippines 51%
10% Kenya 51%

Q10a_new2017_rc. Which of these was the **MAIN** way in which you came
across news in the last week?
Base: All= 85,969
0%
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

29
% Starting news journey with news website or app
GenZ are losing direct connection with news websites and apps but GenY are not
(or not to same extent)
18-24 25-34 35+

80%
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online
(via computer, mobile, or any device) in the last
week, which were the ways in which you came
70% across news stories? Base: 2018–22; 18–24 ≈
200, 25–34 ≈ 300, 35+ ≈ 1500.

60%
53%
52%
50%
49%
45%
40% Gap opening
up between
18-24 & the rest
30%
28%

20%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

30
Social networks for any purpose 18-24s (UK)
Todays under 24s (GenZ) are not as interested in FB as their predecessors.
They have substituted Facebook for Instagram and Tik Tok
ALL FACEBOOK INSTAGRAM WHATSAPP 18-24 cliff edge started in 2018 which is
90% when Instagram started to take over

80%
78%
70%
68%
60% 62%

50% 51%

40%

30% 32%
20%
20%
17%
10% Q12a. Which, if any, of the following have you used in
the last week for any purpose? Base: 2014–22: 18–24s
≈ 200.
0%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

31
Most important social networks for news Selected markets
Facebook remains important but has declined again by 2pp.
TikTok and Instagram are the only two networks to grow across 12 markets

45%

40%

35% 36%

30% 30%
25%

20%
19%
15% 16% 15%
12%
11%
10%
9%
7% 6% 7%
5%
4%
2% 2%
0% 1% 1%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Q12b. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week for news?
Base: Total 2014–22 sample in 12 selected markets (most n ≈ 2000).

32
Read or
watch
online?

@risj_oxford
Prefer to watch or read Selected countries
Strong reading cultures in Northern Europe, but different story in Latin America,
Africa and parts of Asia where significant minority prefers to watch news online

Mainly read Same Mainly watch

7%
7% 12%
7% 18% 17%
22% 22%
27%
19%
18%
25%
22% 23%
24%

90% 86%
69% OPTQ11D. In thinking about your
64%
58% 56% 55% online news habits, which of the
49% following statements applies best to
you? Please select one. Showing net
of different option statements.
Base: Total sample in each market
(n ≈ 2000).

Finland UK Germany US Thailand Kenya Brazil Philippines

34
Big differences between countries
YouTube plays a much bigger news role in the Philippines and Thailand than in Northern Europe.

HIGH USERS LOW USERS

Philippines 57% Denm 7%
Thailand 55% UK 9%
India 52% Finland 12%

Q12B. Which, if any, of the following have you used for news in the last week? Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).

35
Preferences to read or watch online? All countries
Youngest group more likely to say they prefer to watch online rather than read

Mostly read Same Mostly watch

55+ 73% 16% 11%

35+ 70% 17% 13%

25-34 65% 20% 15%

18-24 61% 21% 18%

OPTQ11D. In thinking about your online news habits, which of the following
statements applies best to you? Please select one. Showing net of different option
statements. Base: Total sample, less DKs = 86162

36
Why people prefer to read rather than watch…

All countries
“ISpeed
prefer to read, becausePoor
it isvideo experience Control
quicker to open a website and
get to know what I need”
M, 24, Brazil
“I can jump around in an article and
go back and reread sentences,
50% 35% whereas in Instagram 34%and TikTok, I OptQ11ai. You say you
prefer to read news in text
rather than watch online
say it is a quicker Says pre-rollcan’t
adverts
go back to Says
hearreading
a linegives
I don’t get video … What are the
way to access tend to put me off more control than main reasons for this?
Base: All who prefer to
information or didn’t hear right”
playing videos read news. All markets =
59, 258
M, 23, USA
37
Audio and
podcasts

@risj_oxford
Podcast usage across markets Selected markets
Podcast usage continues to grow. 12% access a news podcast

accessed a podcast in
+4pp +7pp
+5pp
36% the last month, +2pp
+3pp compared with 2021
+3pp
+5pp +5pp +4pp
+2pp +2pp +4pp +3pp
+2pp
+3pp

46% 44% 42% 41% 37% 36% 35% 34% 33% 33% 32% 31% 30% 30% 29% 29% 29% 29% 27% 25%

IRE SWE NOR SPA USA CAN SUI ARG SGN AUS DEN AUT FIN NLD BEL ITA FRA GER JPN UK

Q11F_2018. A podcast is an episodic series of digital audio files, which you can download, subscribe or listen to. Which of the following types of podcast have you listened to in the last month . Please select all that apply
. Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).

39
Most important platforms for accessing platforms
Spotify has overtaken BBC Sounds in the UK as the No1 platform. YouTube leads in Spain
Platforms for finding & playing podcasts:

UK Germany Spain

Spotify* 30% Spotify* 25% YouTube 30%

BBC Sounds 27% YouTube* 19% Spotify 26%

Apple Podcasts 20% ARD Audiothek 12% iVoox 19%

YouTube* 14% Apple Podcasts 11% Google Podcasts 13%

Website or app of a news

Audible 8% Audible 9% 12%
publisher/broadcaster
POD2. Which of the following
apps or websites do you mainly
Google Podcasts 8% Google Podcasts 8% Audible 7% use to find and play podcasts?
Base: All who listened to a
podcast in the last month: UK=
Website or app of a news Website or app of a news
5% 8% Apple Podcasts 7% 613; Germany = 578 Spain =
publisher/broadcaster publisher/broadcaster 863

40
Climate
change

@risj_oxford
Interest in Climate Change across markets

Northern 43% Africa South Africa 46%

Europe UK 42%
40%
Kenya 45%
Denmark 38% Nigeria 38%
37%
Norway 33% Asia Pacific Phillipines 52%
51%
Western 43% Malaysia 48%
Europe Germany 43% 47%
42% South Korea 43%
Belgium 41% 42%
37% Taiwan 39%
France 36% 39%
Singapore 39%
Southern 53% 36%
Europe Portugal Hong Kong 33%
53%
52%
Italy 46% Latin 52%
41% America Mexico 47%
Spain 39% 46%
Brazil 46%
Eastern 54% 43%
Europe Hungary 46% Peru 42%
40% Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of
Slovakia 37% North 39% news, if any, are you interested in? Base:
Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2,000).
36% America United States 30%
Czech Republic 36%

42
People paying more attention to TV documentaries
than to journalists when it comes to climate change
Those in the US are more likely to turn to alternative news sources and less likely to pay any attention
Selected countries:

39%
Television or film documentaries 38%
24%
33%
Major news organisations 28%
24%
13%
Ordinary people 9%
9%
14%
Smaller or alternative news sources 8%
15% ALL UK USA
11%
Celebrities/social media personalities/activists 5%
7%
10%
Politicians and political parties 5%
7% 49% of those on the
10% right pay no attention
Don't pay attention to climate change 15%
23% (4% on the left)

[C1_2022a] When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all
that apply. Base: UK: 2410, US:2036, All: 93432 43
Younger groups more likely to listen to celebrities or social
media personalities and to smaller/alternative sources
Less likely to watch TV or film documentaries or listen to experts than older groups
United States:

40%
Television or film documentaries
31%

24%
Major news organisations
24%

17%
I don't pay attention to climate change
10%

8%
Ordinary people
12% Over 35 U35
14%
Smaller or alternative news sources
20%

4%
Celebrities/social media personalities/activists
14%

7%
Politicians and political parties
9%

[C1_2022a] When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to?
44
Please select all that apply. Base: US:2036
Views on impartiality in climate change coverage by age
All markets
Younger groups more likely to want journalist and news organisations
to take a clear activist stance, older groups not so sure

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+

43% 43%
40%
37% 37%
34% 35%
33%
29%
27%

14% 14% 13%

11%
9%

Take a clear position in favour of climate change action Reflect a range of views on climate change and leave it up to Take a clear position against climate change action
people to decide

QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the
following statements best describes your view? Base: All: 93432 45
Further Analysis
and International
Comparison

@risj_oxford
Perceptions of
Media Coverage of
the War in Ukraine

@risj_oxford
 Proportion who are following the Russia-Ukraine conflict closely
Selected markets

Q1_ukraine. How closely, if at all, are you following the current Russia-Ukraine conflict?
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
 Proportion who pay most attention to each source for news about the
Russia-Ukraine conflict
Selected markets

Q2_ukraine. When it comes to the current Russia-Ukraine conflict, which ONE of the following sources of news, if any, are you paying most attention to?
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
 Proportion who sometimes or often actively avoid the news
Selected markets

Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: Total pre-/during conflict samples: Brazil = 2022/1002, Germany = 2002/1015, Poland = 2009/1003, UK = 2410/1191, USA = 2036/1356. Note: Pre-conflict
sample from the main 2022 DNR survey. During conflict sample from 29 March to 7 April.
 Proportion very or extremely interested in news (2015-2022)
Selected markets

Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news?
Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n ≈ 2000). Total during conflict samples (n ≈ 1000).
 Proportion who think the news media have done a good job of each
Selected markets

Q3_Ukraine. Do you think the news media in your country have done a good job or a bad job...
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
Have News
Audiences Become
More Polarised
over Time?

@risj_oxford
 Cross-platform news audience polarisation
UK

Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: 2410.
 Cross-platform news audience polarisation
Selected markets

Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Germany = 2002, Norway = 2010, UK = 2410, USA = 2036.
 Extent of cross-platform news audience polarisation
Selected markets

Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Germany = 2002, Norway = 2010, UK = 2410, USA = 2036.
 Cross-platform news audience polarisation (2016 and 2022)
Selected markets

Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: 2016/2022: Germany = 2002/2035, Norway = 2019/2010, UK = 2024/2410, USA = 2197/2036.
 Cross-platform news audience slant for selected outlets (2015-2022)
UK

Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Total 2015-22 samples (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion who think news organisations in their market are politically far apart
All markets

Q_Polarisation. In your view, how politically close together or far apart are the main news organisations in your country?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
The Changing News
Habits and Attitudes
of Younger Audiences

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 Proportion of 18–24s who say each is their main source of news
Average of 12 markets

Q4. You say you’ve used these sources of news in the last week, which would you say is your MAIN source of news? Base: 18-24s from 2015-22 in selected markets (n ≈ 200). Note: The 12 markets included are UK, USA, Germany,
France, Spain, Italy, Ireland, Denmark, Finland, Australia, Brazil, and Japan.
 Proportion of 18–24s who used each social network for news in the past
week
UK

Q12B. Which, if any, of the following have you used for news in the last week?
Base: 18-24s from 2015-22 (n ≈ 200).
 Proportion who sometimes or often actively avoid news – by age (2017-22)
All markets

Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: 18-24/25-34/35+ in all markets from 2017-22: 2017 = 7991/12,711/51,103, 2019 = 8272/13,361/54116, 2022 = 11,304/16,862/65,266. Note: 36 markets in
2017, 38 markets in 2019, 46 markets in 2022.
 Proportion who say they are interested in each news topic – by age
All markets

Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in?
Base: Under 35/35 and older: All markets = 28,166/65,266.
 Proportion who say each is why they keep up with the news – by age
All markets

QMotivations_2022a. Which, if any, are the most important reasons for you, personally, to keep up with the news? Please choose up to three options.
Base: Under 35/35 and older: All markets = 28,166/65,266.
Email News:
Its Contribution
to Engagement and
Monetisation

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 Proportion who accessed news via email in the last week
Selected markets

Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion who accessed news via each in the last week (2014-22)
USA

Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories?
Base: Total 2014-22 samples (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion who say email is their main way of accessing news online – by
age
USA

Q10a. Which of these was the **MAIN** way in which you came across news in the last week?
Base: All who accessed news online in the last week: 18-24 = 180, 25-34 = 332, 35-44 = 250, 45-54 = 54,55+ = 802.
 Proportion accessing email newsletters from each source
Selected markets

Email_SOURCES_2022. You say that you accessed news via an email newsletter or alert in the last week. Where do your emails come from? Base: All who accessed news via email in the last week: UK = 217, USA = 456, Germany =
377, Ten country average = 3347. Note: The countries included in the 10-country average are: Germany, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, UK, USA.
 Reasons for using email newsletters and alerts
Average of 10 markets

QEmail_likes. What do you like about the email newsletter format? Base: All who accessed news via email in the last week: 3347. Note: The countries included in the 10-country average are: Germany, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Japan,
South Korea, India, Australia, UK, USA.
Examples of ‘convenience’ benefits of email
Will people pay for news emails?
Which Journalists do
People Pay Most
Attention to and Why?

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Proportion who pay most attention to news brands vs. journalists
Selected markets

Q_Journalists_1. When looking for news online, which of the following do you tend to pay most attention to?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Ten most-mentioned journalists and their roles
UK

Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: 2410.
 Ten most-mentioned journalists and their roles
USA

Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: 2036.
 Three most-mentioned journalists and their roles
Selected markets

Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion of journalists mentioned from each media type
Selected markets

Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters). Base: All who mentioned the name of a journalist: Brazil = 1008, Finland =
431, France = 723, Germany = 327, UK = 576, USA = 635.
 Proportion of journalists mentioned for each gender
Selected markets

Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters). Base: All who mentioned the name of a journalist: Brazil = 1008, Finland =
431, France = 723, Germany = 327, UK = 576, USA = 635.
How People Access
and Think about
Climate Change News

@risj_oxford
 Proportion interested in climate change news
All markets

Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion interested in climate change news – by political leaning
Selected markets

Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in? Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the
following scale? Base: Left/Centre/Right: Greece = 272/1137/189, Portugal = 513/832/257, Chile = 261/977/192, South Korea = 373/1277/260, Japan = 65/1249/140, Australia = 390/1035/298, Norway = 385/1082/296, USA = 459/778/498.
 Proportion who pay attention to each source for climate change
news – by age
All markets

C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all that apply. Base: U35/35+ in all markets = 28,001/65,431. Total sample in all markets = 93,432.
Note: Attention to ‘scientists/experts/academics’ as a source was asked but data excluded as they are mostly accessed via other sources.
 Proportion who pay attention to each source for climate change news
Selected markets

C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion who pay attention to celebrities, social media personalities, or
activists for climate change news – by age
Selected markets

C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all that apply. Base: U35/35+: Greece = 468/1536, Portugal = 462/1549, USA = 668/1368, Norway
= 496/1514, Australia = 561/1477, Japan = 406/1609.
 Proportion who think news outlets should take a stand when covering
climate change
Selected markets

QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the following statements best describes your view? News outlets should…
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
 Proportion who think news outlets should take a stand when covering
climate change – by age
All markets

QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the following statements best describes your view? News outlets should… Base: 18-24/25-34/35-44/ 45-54/55+:
11,304/16,862/17,205/15,074/32,987.
Country and
market data

@risj_oxford
Europe

@risj_oxford
UK – Changing Media
UK – Trust
Austria – Changing Media
Austria – Trust
Belgium – Changing Media
Belgium – Trust
Bulgaria – Changing Media
Bulgaria – Trust
Croatia – Changing Media
Croatia – Trust
Czech Republic – Changing Media
Czech Republic – Trust
Denmark – Changing Media
Denmark – Trust
Finland – Changing Media
Finland – Trust
France – Changing Media
France – Trust
Germany – Changing Media
Germany – Trust
Greece – Changing Media
Greece – Trust
Hungary – Changing Media
Hungary – Trust
Ireland – Changing Media
Ireland – Trust
Italy – Changing Media
Italy – Trust
Netherlands – Changing Media
Netherlands – Trust
Norway – Changing Media
Norway – Trust
Poland – Changing Media
Poland – Trust
Portugal – Changing Media
Portugal – Trust
Romania – Changing Media
Romania – Trust
Slovakia – Changing Media
Slovakia – Trust
Spain – Changing Media
Spain – Trust
Sweden – Changing Media
Sweden – Trust
Switzerland – Changing Media
Switzerland – Trust
Turkey – Changing Media
Turkey – Trust
Americas

@risj_oxford
USA – Changing Media
USA – Trust
Argentina – Changing Media
Argentina – Trust
Brazil – Changing Media
Brazil – Trust
Canada – Changing Media
Canada – Trust
Chile – Changing Media
Chile – Trust
Colombia – Changing Media
Colombia – Trust
Mexico – Changing Media
Mexico – Trust
Peru – Changing Media
Peru – Trust
Asia Pacific

@risj_oxford
Australia – Changing Media
Australia – Trust
Hong Kong – Changing Media
Hong Kong – Trust
India – Changing Media
India – Trust
Indonesia – Changing Media
Indonesia – Trust
Japan – Changing Media
Japan – Trust
Malaysia – Changing Media
Malaysia – Trust
Philippines – Changing Media
Philippines – Trust
Singapore – Changing Media
Singapore – Trust
South Korea – Changing Media
South Korea – Trust
Taiwan – Changing Media
Taiwan – Trust
Thailand – Changing Media
Thailand – Trust
Africa

@risj_oxford
Kenya – Changing Media
Kenya – Trust
Nigeria – Changing Media
Nigeria – Trust
South Africa – Changing Media
South Africa – Trust
Reuters Institute
Digital News Report 2022

@risj_oxford