Hướng dẫn giải bài tập chương 3

Bài 1:
a)
Z Z  
x2 (5 − x )4 dx = x2 54 − 4.53 x + 6.52 x2 − 4.5x3 + x4 dx
Z  
= 54 x2 − 4.53 x3 + 6.52 x4 − 4.5x5 + x6 dx

5x4 3 x6 x7
= x − 53 x4 + 6.5x5 − 4.5 + +C
3 6 7
b)
y2 y3
Z  
y dx dx dx
Z Z Z
+ 2+ 3 dx = y + y2 + y3
x x x x x2 x3
y2 y3
= y ln | x | − − 2 +C
x 2x
c)
x+1 2 √ √
Z Z  
1 1
√ dx = x 2 + x − 2 dx = x x + 2 x + C.
x 3
d)
√ 4 x2 + 7
Z  q

1
Z  
3 − 54
1− 2 x xdx = x −x
4 dx = √ + C.
x 74 x
e)
Z   x
2 x +1 − 5 x −1 1 1 x
  
1
Z
dx = 2 − dx =
10x 5 5 2
 x  x
2 1 1 1
=− + +C
ln 5 5 5 ln 2 2
f)
(e x + 1) e2x − e x + 1


e3x + 1
Z Z
dx = dx
ex + 1 1 + ex
1 2x
= e − ex + x + C
2
g)
Z √ √
1 + x2 − x2 − 1
Z  
1 1
√ dx = √ − √ dx
x4 − 1 x2 − 1 x2 + 1
 √
 x + x2 − 1 

= ln  √ +C
 
 x + x2 + 1 

h) Vì 1 + sin 2x = cos2 x + 2 sin x cos x + sin2 x = (sin x + cos x )2

Rq
(sin2 x + cos2 x ) =
Rp
Nên I = | sin x + cos x |
Do 0 ≤ x ≤ π
2 nên
Z √ Z  π
I= (sin x + cos x )dx = 2 sin x + dx
4
√  π 
= − 2 cos x + +C
4

1
i) Ta có
Z e Z 1 Z e
I= 1
| ln x |dx = − 1
ln xdx + ln xdx.
e e 1
R
Vì ln xdx = x (ln x − 1) + C nên
 
1
I = − x (ln x − 1)| 1 + x (ln x 1
− 1)|1e = 2 1−
e e

j) Đặt x = tg t
Z 1 Z 1
dx dx
q = √
0
(1 + x 2 )
3 0 (1 + x2 ) 1 + x2
π √
2
Z π
4
4
= cos tdt = sin t|0 = .
0 2
√ q
9

q
9
k) Ta có 9 − 4x2 = 4 − x2 4 = 2 4 − x2 .
3
Đặt x = 2 sin t, suy ra

Z 1p Z 1r r !1
9 x 9 9 2x 
I= 9 − 4x2 dx = 2 − x2 dx = 2 − x2 + arcsin

4 2 4 8 3

0 0 
0
√
5 9 2
= + arcsin .
2 4 3
l)
Z 1  x x
 1 −58
x3 − 2x + 3 e− 2 dx = e− 2 −2x3 − 12x −2 − 44x − 98  = √

0 0 e

Bài 2:
R +∞ dx
Rb
a) I = 1 x2 −5x +6
= limb→+∞ 1 x2 −dx
5x +6
.
1 1 1 1
Ta có: x2 −5x +6
= (x−2)(x−3) = x−3 − x−2 .
Suy ra  
b − 3
 
1
I = lim ln 
  − ln = ln 2
b→+∞ b − 2 2
Rb 2 −1
R b2
b) Đặt: t = − x2 ⇒ dt = −2xdx ⇒ I = 0 xe− x dx = 2 0 et dt.
Ta có Z +∞
2 −1  − b2  1
xe− x dx = lim I = lim e −1 =
0 b→+∞ b→+∞ 2 2
c) Ta có
Z +∞ Z b
x x
I=
dx = lim dx = lim I ′
0 1 + x4 b→+∞ 0 1 + x4 b→+∞

b 2
Đặt t = x2 ⇒ dt = 2xdx ⇒ I ′ = 21 0 1+ dt
R
t2
.
Suy ra
 b2
′ 1 1 
arctan b2

I = arctan t =
2 0 2
1   π
I = lim arctan b2 =
b→+∞ 2 4

2
 Rb x
d) I = limx→+∞ 1 ( x2 +1)2 dx = limx→+∞ J.
R b d ( x 2 +1 ) b
J= 1
2 1 ( x 2 +1)2 = 2(x−2 +1 
1) 1
 = 1
4 − 1
2( b2 +1)
.
Suy ra
Z b  
x 1 1 1
I = lim 2
dx = lim − =
b→+∞ 1 ( x2 + 1) b→+∞ 4 2 ( b2 + 1) 4
R +∞ ln( x +1) R +∞
e) Ta có 1 x +1 dx = 1 ln( x + 1)d(ln( x + 1)).
Đặt u = ln( x + 1)
Z +∞ Z +∞ Z b
ln( x + 1)
dx = udu = lim udu
1 x+1 ln 2 u→+∞ ln 2

Suy ra
b
u2 
Z b
1 2 2

udu = = b − ln 2
ln 2 2 ln 2 2
1 2
 
I = lim b − ln2 2 = +∞
u→+∞ 2

R +∞ x
Rb x
f) Ta có I = 1 ( xln +1)2
dx = limb→+∞ 1 ( xln +1)2
dx.
( (
u = ln x du = 1x dx
Đặt ⇒
dv = ( x+11)2 v = x−+11
Ta có

− ln x b
Z b  Z b
ln x 1
2
dx = + dx
1 ( x + 1) x+1 1  1 x ( x + 1)
 
− ln b  b 
 − ln 1
= + ln 
b+1 b + 1 2
1
ln b L
I = − ln 12 vì lim = lim b
1 = lim 1
= 0.
b→+∞ b+1 b→+∞ b→+∞ b
g)
Z +∞ Z −2 a
dx dx dx
Z
2
= lim 2
+ lim 2
−∞ x + 4x + 9 b→−∞ b x + 4x + 9 a→+∞ −2 x + 4x + 9
1 b+2 1 a+2
= − lim √ arctan √ + lim √ arctan √
b→−∞ 5 5 a →+ ∞ 5 5
1   π   π  π
= √ − − + = √
5 2 2 5
Rb
h) I = limb→+∞ √2 √dx2 .
√ x x −1
Đặt: t = x2 − 1 suy ra
Z b Z √ b2 −1 √
dx dt 2
p  π
√ √ = = arctg t|1 b −1 = arctg b2 − 1 −
2 x x2 − 1 1 +1 t2 4
p  π π π π
I = lim arctg b2 − 1 − = − =
b⇒+∞ 4 2 4 4
.
R +∞ 1
Rb 1
i) I = 0 e x +e− x
dx = limb→+∞ 0 e x +e− x dx = limb→+∞ J.

3
 (
x=0⇒t=1
Đặt: ex =t⇒ e x dx = dt,
x = b ⇒ t = eb
Z eb Z eb
dt dt
J=  2+1
 =
1
t t+ t1 1
t
b
  π
= arctan t|1t = arctan eb −
4
   π π π π
I = lim arctan eb − = − =
b→+∞ 4 2 4 4
Rb 1
j) Ta có I = lim 2 dx = lim J.
b→+∞ 1 x ( x +1) b→+∞
Ta có 1
= −1 + 1 + 1 . Suy ra
2
x ( x +1) x x 2 x + 1
Z b
−1

1 1
J= +
+ dx
1 x x2 x+1
 x + 1  1 b
     
b + 1 1
= ln   −  = ln 
  − − ln 2 + 1
x  x 1 b  b
   
b + 1 1
I = lim ln    − − ln 2 + 1 = 1 − ln 2
b→+∞ b  b
R +∞ (2x +1) R b +1
k) I = 0 ( x +2)3
dx = lim 0 (2xx +2)3
dx = lim J.
b→+∞ b→+∞
Suy ra
Z b
2( x + 2) − 3
J= dx
( x + 2)3
0
Z b 
2 3
= − dx
0 ( x + 2)2 ( x + 2)3
 b
2 3 1  =− 2 +3
 1 5
= − + 2
+
x + 2 2 ( x + 2) 0 b + 2 2 ( b + 2)2 8
 
2 3 1 5 5
I = lim − + + =
b→∞ b + 2 2 ( b + 2)2 8 8
R +∞ d(ln x) R +∞
l) Đặt u = ln x ⇒ I = e3 = 3 4−duu2 .
(4−ln2 x)
R b du
Suy ra I = limb→+∞ 3 (4− u2 )
= limb→+∞ J.

 2 + u  b
     
1 1 2 + b
J= ln 
   = ln 
  − 1 ln 5
4 2−u  
3 4 2 − b 4
  
1 2 + b 1 1
I = lim ln   − ln 5 = − ln 5
b→+∞ 4 2 − b 4 4
e− x
R
m) Xét x dx.
( (
u = 1x du = − x12 dx
Đặt: ⇒
dv = e− x dx v = −e− x
Suy ra
e− x dx −e− x e− x dx
Z Z
= −
x x x2
−e− x
Z  
1 1
+ 2 e− x dx = +C
x x x

4
Do đó !
− e−b 1
Z b 
1 1 −x 1
I = lim + 2 e dx = lim + =
b→+∞ 1 x x b→+∞ b e e
R +∞ dx
Rbdx
n) I = 0 e x +1 = lim e x +1 .
b→+∞ 0
Đặt t = ex + 1, dt = ex dx. Suy ra
Z b Z e b +1 Z e b +1  
dx dt 1 1
x
= = − dt
0 e +1 2 ( t − 1) t 2 t−1 t
 b   !
 t − 1   e +1  eb 

= ln  = ln  b  + ln 2
   
t  2 e + 1

Do đó   !
 eb 
I = lim ln  b  + ln 2 = ln 2
 
b→+∞ e + 1

Bài 3:
R +∞ R1 R +∞
a) Ta có 0 f ( x )dx = 0 f ( x )dx + 1 f ( x )dx = I + J.
TÍnh I và J
Z 1 Z 1
−x 1
xe− x 0 e− x dx

I= xe dx = − +
0 0
1 1 2
= − xe− x 0 − e− x 0 = 1 −
e
Z +∞ 2 Z +∞
ln x
J= dx = ln2 xd(ln x )
1 x 1
  
3 b b
x1−α  b 1− α
Z b
ln x dx 1
= lim = +∞I = lim = lim = lim −
  
b→+∞ 3 b→+∞ 1 x b→+∞ 1 − b→+∞ 1 − 1 −
 α
 α 
1 α α
1

Suy ra
Z +∞
f ( x )dx = +∞
0
ln3 x
Rb
b) I = lim x dx = lim J.
b→+∞ 1 b→+∞
Đặt t = ln x, suy ra
Z b 3 ln b
t4 
Z ln b Z ln b
ln x 1
J= dx = t3 dt = t3 dt = = ln4 b
x1 0 0 4 0 4
1 4
I = lim ln b = +∞
b→+∞ 4

c) • α = 1,
Z +∞ Z b
dx dx
I= = lim = lim ln b = +∞
1 x b→+∞ 1 x b→+∞

• α ̸= 1
b
x1−α  b 1− α
Z b
dx 1
I = lim = lim = lim −
b→+∞ 1 xα b→+∞ 1 − α 1
 b→+∞ 1 − α 1−α

+ Nếu α < 1 => I = +∞

+ Nếu α > 1 => I = −1

1− α

5
 Rb
d) I = limb→+∞ 0 e−3x sin xdx = limb→+∞ I ′ .
Rb
Xét I ′ = 0 e−3x sin xdx
( (
u = e−3x du = −3e−3x dx
Đặt ⇒
dv = sin xdx v = − cos x
b Z b
I ′ = − e−3x cos x  − 3 e−3x cos xdx

0 0
Z b
= −e−3b cos b + 1 − 3 e−3x cos xdx
0
( (
u = e−3x du = −3e−3x dx
Đặt ⇒
dv = cos xdx v = sin x
Z b b
e−3x cos xdx = e−3x sin x  + 3I = e−3b sin b + 3I

0 0

Suy ra

I ′ = −e−3b cos b + 1 − 3e−3b sin b − 9I ′

1 h −3b i
I′ = − e (3 sin b + cos b) − 1
10

Ta có: lim e−3b (3 sin b + cos b) = 0 (do 3 sin b + cos b bị chặn) ⇒ I = 1

10 , vậy I hội tụ.
b→+∞