REDUCIBLE A VARIABLE SEPARABLES

Problema #1
'
y − y =2 x−3
dy
= y +2 x −3
dx
z= y +2 x−3
dz dy
= =−2
dx dx
dz
−2=z
dx
dz
=z+2
dx
dz
=dx
z+2
ln ( z +2 )=x +C
x +C
e =z +2
Ce x = y +2 x −3+2
Ce x = y +2 x −1
x
y=Ce −2 x+ 1

Problema #2

y ' =3 x +4 y +5
z=3 x +4 y+5
dz dy
=3+4
dx dx
dy 1
= 3+ dz
dx 4 dx ( )
'
y =3 x +4 y +5
 1
4 (
−3+ dz =z
dx )
dz
4 z=−3+
dx
dz
=3+4 z
dx
dz
∫ 3+ 4 z =∫ dx
u=3+4 z
de=4 dz
1 du
4
∫ u =∫ dx
1
ln |u|=x +C
4
ln |u|=4 x+ C

|u|=e 4 x+C
C 4x
u=± e . e
4x
u=k . e
4x
3+ 4 z=k . e
4x
3+ 4 ( 3 x+ 4 y +5 ) =k e

k e 4 x −12 x −23
y=
16

Problema #3

2 x+2 y +1 ¿ dx+ ( x + y −1 ) dy =0 w=x + y

[ 2 ( x+ y ) +1 ] dx ( x + y−1 ) dy =0 dw=dx +dy

( 2 w+1 ) dx + ( w−1 ) ( dw−dx )=0 dy =dw−dx

( 2 w+1 ) dx + ( w−1 ) dw ( 1−w ) dx=0

( w +2 ) dx+ ( w−1 ) dw=0
w−1
∫ dx+∫ w +2 −1−2 dw=0
 w+ 2 dw
∫ dx+∫ w+ 2 dw−3∫ w+2 =0
dw
∫ dx+¿ ∫ dw−3 ∫ w+2 =0 ¿
x +w−3 ln |w +2|=C
x + x+ y−3 ln |x + y +2|=C
Problema #4

dy
=¿ z=x + y +1
dx
dz dz dy
−1=z
2 =1+
dx dx dx

dz 2 dy dz
=z +1 = −1
dx dx dx

dz
∫ dx =∫ dx
−1
ta n =x +c
−1
ta n ( x + y +1 )=x +c

Problema #5

dy 1
= −2
dx ln (2 x + y +3 ) +1 z=2 x+ y+ 3
dz 1 dz dy
−2= −2 =2+
dx ln ( z )+1 dx dx
dz 1 dy dz
= = −2
dx ln ( z ) +1 dx dx

∫ [ ln ( z ) +1 ] dz=∫ dx
∫ ln ( z ) dz +∫ dz=x +c
z∗1
ln ( z )∗z−∫ dz+∫ dz=x +c
z u=ln z
du=d z
1
du= d z
2
v=z
 ln ( z )∗z−∫ dz+∫ dz=x +c

ln ( z )∗z=x + c
( 2 x+ y +3 ) ln ( 2 x+ y+ 3 )=x +c

Problema#6

dy
3 x+ 4 y +5
dx
z=3 x +4 y+5
1
4 (
−3+
dz
dx
=z ) dz
=3+4
dy
dz dx dx
4 z=−3+
dx dy 1 dz
= (−3+ )
dz dx 4 dx
=3+4 z
dx
dz
∫ 3+ 4 z =∫ dx
1 du
4∫ u ∫
= dx u=3+4 z

1 du=4 dz
ln |u|=x +c
4
ln |u| x +c
e =e
u=± ec∗e 4 x
u=K∗e4 x
4x
3+ 4 z=k∗e

3+ 4(x + 4 y +5)=k∗e 4 x
4x
k e −12 x −23
y=
16

Problema #7
 ( x +2 y −1 ) dx+ ( 2 x+ 4 y −3 ) dy=0 z=x +2 y−1
( x +2 y −1 ) dx+ ( 2 x+ 4 y −2−1 ) dy=0 d z=dx +2 dy
( x +2 y −1 ) dx+[2 ( x +2 y−1 )−1]dy =0 dy =dz−2 dy
z ( dz−2 dy )+ ( 2 z−1 ) dy =0
zdz−2 zdy + ( 2 z−1 ) dy=0

∫ zdz −¿ dy=0 ¿
1 2
z − y=c
2
2
(x +2 y−1)
− y =c
2

Problema #8

dy
=cos 2( x − y+ 1)
dx Z=x-y+1
dy 2 dz dy
1− =cos z =1−
dx dx dx
2 dz dy dz
1−cos z = =1−
dx dx dx
(1−cos¿¿ 2 z)dx=dw ¿
dz
∫ dx=∫ 1−cos2 z
dz
x=∫ 2
−k
sen z

∫ csc2 zdz−k
x=−cotz+c
x=−cot ⁡(x− y +1)+ c
Problema #9

dy 1−x− y w=x + y
=
dx x+ y dw dy
=1+
dw 1−w dx dx
−1
dx w dy dw
= −1
dw 1 dx dx
= −1+1
dx w

[ dw 1
]
− dx ( w )
dx w

∫ wdw=¿ ∫ dx ¿
1 2
w =x+ c
2
1
¿
2

Problema #10

dy 1
=
dx x + y +1 w=x + y +1
dw dw dy
w −w=1 =1+
dx dx dx

[ ]
dw dx dy dw
w =w+1 = −1
dx w+1 dx dx

[ dw
dx
1
]
−1= =w
w
 w
∫ w+ 1 dw=∫ dx
w+ 1−1
∫ w+1
dw−∫ dx=0

dw
∫ dw−∫ w+ 1 −∫ dx=0
w−ln−x=c
x + y +1−ln|x + y +1+1|−x=c
y +1−ln| x+ y+2|=c