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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF SIWES

The gap between college students' theoretical knowledge and their

practical skills was a problem in the early stages of Nigeria's education

development. subsequently, there was a need to give understudies the potential

chance to get genuine canvases revel in. The purpose of the program was to

give students experience in addition to theoretical knowledge. This assignment

has become essential and a prerequisite for graduation in order to improve

students' analytical skills. The development of occupational competence is

everything.

In 1973, SIWES was established with the help of ITF to address the issue

of Nigerian graduates of tertiary institutions lacking adequate realistic skills

necessary for industry employment.

The program gives students exposure to business-related skills that are

necessary for a smooth transition from the classroom to the workplace. It

provides students of tertiary institutions with the opportunity to gain familiarity

with and exposure to the desired experience in working with machinery and

gadgets, which is typically unavailable in educational institutions.

In most institutions of higher education in the United States, participation in

SIWES has become an essential prerequisite for the award of diplomas and
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certificates in particular fields. s ., in accordance with the government's

education policy.

1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

 The goal of SIWES is to bridge the gap between theory and practice among

higher education students.

The goals of the students' industrial work experience program are condensed as

follows in a concise but thorough format:

1. To familiarize pupils with the workplace and the type of work they will

probably do once they graduate.

2. To give university students in Nigeria a way to get experience and practical

skills related to their field of study.

3. To facilitate students' transition from college to the workplace and improve

their chances of finding a job in the future.

4. To increase employee participation in all aspects of the educational process

that prepares university graduates for careers in industry.

5. To provide pupils a chance to put their knowledge into practice

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1.3 ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF SIWES

The organization of the Students’ Industrial Work-Experience Scheme

(SIWES) involves many stakeholders as follows:

• Federal Government (Federal Ministry of Commerce & Industry)

• Industrial Training Fund (SIWES Division)

• Supervising/Regulatory Agencies (NUC, NBTE, NCCE)

• Industry/Employers (NECA, NACCIMA, MAN, Government Establishments)

• Tertiary Institutions (Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education)

and

• Student Trainees (Engineering, Science, Technology, NCE Technical)

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CHAPTER TWO

BACKGROUND FOR THE LOCATION OF THE ATTACHMENT

2.1 DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

The University of Uyo Senate approved the establishment of the Department of

Urban and Regional Planning as one of the pioneer Departments in the Faculty

of Environmental Studies during the 1995/1996 session. Ref. in its letter No

UNC/AP/71. The Department received formal recognition and approval from

the national Universities Commission (NUC) on December 11, 1997, and it was

added to the list of approved academic programs at Nigerian universities.

VISION STATEMENT

The Department of Urban and Regional Planning will serve as a center of

academic and professional excellence. It will educate, train, and develop young

people into professional researchers who will be in charge of articulating human

settlement issues' problems; and managing, designing, planning, and developing

the same.

MISSION STATEMENT

The Department is responsible for creating a welcoming setting for instruction,

learning, and research in human settlement management. It will collaborate with

like-minded individuals and relevant institutions in the United States and abroad
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to produce professionals with the necessary knowledge and skills for resolving

issues in urban and regional planning.

OBJECTIVES AND GOAL 

The program's main objective is to offer highquality professional education with 

a heavy emphasis on the demands of the Nigerian professional urban and region

al planning market.

The strength of urban and regional planning lies in its interdisciplinary approach 

that transcends conventional academic boundaries. Urban and regional planning 

is concerned with the formulation, design, implementation, and monitoring of la

nd use plans and policies at the local, urban, and regional levels.

The study plan has been created to meet the demand for highly skilled graduates 

who are concerned about environmental planning challenges and have an unders

tanding for the visual arts, human needs, and natural systems.

GOAL

To provide a broad based education and training which will assist in

developing the student's intellectual and professional capabilities to high

standard.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives to achieve the above goal are:

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1. To develop the students' understanding of Urban and Regional Planning by

the study of theories, methods and techniques for planning design and

management of Land use activities and environment;

2. To assist the student to acquire constructive development and understanding

of the social, economic, technological and legislative framework of the

society within the physical, social and economic processes in operation and

the potential capacities of the frame work for more coherent and relevant

collaborative policy formulation and implementation;

3. To provide the student with varied practical experiences of realistic planning

problems;

4. To encourage the student to develop interest in planning skills and research

methods;

5. To contribute to the manpower requirements of the nation by educating and

training of prospective professional planners, and also offering of refresher

courses to already registered planners through seminars, workshops and

short term courses; and

6. To provide training and re-training programmes that will elevate sub

professionals to professional cadre of the discipline.

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2.2 ORGANOGRAM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND

REGIONAL PLANNING

VICE CHANCELLOR

DEAN OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC STAFF

Technical Secretarial Chief Clerical Caretaker

Officers Staff Officer
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CHAPTER THREE

OVERVIEW OF WORK EXPERIENCE

During my Training in the Department I was exposed to different areas related

to my course of study as explained below;

i. Office Administrative Work / Management

ii. Lectures and Practical

iii. Field Work

3.1 OFFICE ADMINISTRATIVE WORK

Office administration is a set of day-to-day activities that are related to

financial planning, record keeping & filing, receiving ,dispatching and

documentation of mails , sorting of files, personnel , physical distribution and

logistics , within an organization. In addition to it, I was opportune to have

lectures on different Applications that is useful to my course of study.

3.2 LECTURE

Lecture on Microsoft Word

Learning Goals:

• Identify the various benefits of using word processing software.

• Identify the main parts of the Microsoft Word window.

• Identify the purpose of the commands on the menu bar.

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• Copy, cut and paste text.

• Work with the buttons on the toolbar.

• Type, edit and format text.

• Work with pictures.

• Work with language tools (spell check).

• Open, save, save as, and print Microsoft Word files.

What is Microsoft Word?

Microsoft Word is the word processing component of the Microsoft Office

Suite. It is used primarily to enter, edit, format, save, retrieve and print

documents

Before you get started with Microsoft Word (commonly referred to as MS

Word), you will need to locate and open it from the computer. It may be on

your desktop.

From the computer desktop:

1. Double-click on the MS Word icon and navigate to the templates menu

• If you want to customize the layout, design, and formatting, select blank

document
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• If you want to use a premade template for a specific type of document,

select from the given options or choose more templates.

 Format Painter: This action allows you to copy formatting from one part

of your document and replicate it elsewhere in the document. To use,

select the text with the formatting you would like to copy, select the

format painter icon, and then highlight the text that you would like to

format.

Font:

• The font section contains tools that format your text, including

changing font and text size, bold/italicize/underline text, strikethrough,

sub- or superscript, highlighting or changing text color, adding text

effects, and changing case.

• Changing font and text size:

Click the left-hand drop-down menu to change the font. Scroll to view all

available fonts and click to select your choice. To change the font of

existing text, highlight the text first, then click the drop-down menu and

select the desired font.

Click the right-hand drop-down menu to change the text size. Select the

desired size, or click in the text box to manually type a specific size. You
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can also use the icons to the right of the text box to either increase text

size (A^ ) or decrease text size (A ). To edit existing text, select the text

before changing the size.

Bold, italicize, and underline text:

Bold: select the B to type bolded text. To bold existing text, select the

text first, then select the B

Italicize: select the I to type italicized text. To italicize existing text, select

the text first, then select the I.

Underline: select the U to underline text as you type. To underline

existing text, select the text, then select the U. To change the style or

color of the underline, select the drop-down menu and choose the

desired style.

Highlighting: Select the existing text that you wish to highlight and click

the highlighter icon. To change the color of the highlighter, click the

drop-down menu and select the desired color.

Changing text color: Select the drop-down menu by the text color icon

and choose a theme color, standard color, or customize the shade by

clicking more colors. To change the color of existing text, select the text

first, then choose the color.

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Changing Text Case: To change text case, select the drop-down menu by

the Aa icon and choose from Sentence case, lowercase, UPPERCASE,

Capitalize Each Word, or tOGGLE cASE. To change the case of existing

text, select the text first and then choose the desired case.

Paragraph:

• The paragraph section contains tools for formatting the basic layout of

your document, including bulleted and numbered lists, indenting,

alignment and spacing, and shading and borders.

• Bulleted and numbered lists: To start a bulleted or numbered list, click

the corresponding icon. Use the dropdown menu to change the shape of

the bullet or the style of numbering. To indent underneath one of the

points in the list, hit ‘enter’ to create a new bullet and then hit ‘tab’. To

create a list out of existing content, select all of the content and then

click the icon of the list you want to create.

Indenting : To change the indent of your paragraph, or how far it is from

the edge of the paper, place your cursor to the left of the text, then

select either the ‘decrease indent’ or ‘increase indent’ icons.

Alignment and spacing: There are four alignment options in MW: left,

center, right, and justify. Left- and right-align will align content with their

respective margins. The center alignment will center content on the

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page. The justify alignment evenly distributes the text between the

margins. To set alignment, click the corresponding icon. To change

alignment of existing content, select the content first, then click the icon.

To change text spacing, select the drop-down menu by the spacing icon. Then,

choose the preset spacing you want, or select ‘Line Spacing Options…’ to

customize the spacing. There is also the option to ‘add/remove space after

paragraph’. Selecting this option will change how much space is automatically

added when pressing the enter button to create a new line.

Borders: Use the border feature to add an outline to your content. Select the

dropdown menu by the grid icon and choose which borders you want to apply

to your content. To add borders on pre-existing content, select the content

first, then choose the border you want. Select ‘Borders and Shading…’ from the

drop-down menu to change the style , color, or weight of the borders.

Inserting Content

The inserting content menu can be accessed by selecting the ‘Insert’ tab on the

toolbar. It is organized into a number of sections, including pages, tables,

illustrations, header & footer, text, and symbols.

Header & Footer:

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• The header and footer section lets you edit the header and/or footer on your

document, as well as inserting a page number.

Header: The header is text within the first inch of your document. It repeats on

every page and can be used to showcase information like title and author. To

insert a header click the drop-down menu by ‘Header’ and select a header

template. You can also manually format the header by choosing ‘Edit Header’

from the drop-down menu. After you select the header to insert, a ‘Header &

Footer’ tab will appear with formatting options. Header text can be formatted

using the ‘Font’ section on the ‘Home’ tab. To remove an existing header,

select ‘Remove Header’.

Footer: The footer is text within the bottom inch of your document. It repeats

on every page and, like the header, can be used to showcase information like

title and author. To insert a footer, click the drop-down menu by ‘Footer’ and

select a footer template. You can also manually format the footer by choosing

‘Edit.

Footer’. After you select the footer to insert, a ‘Header & Footer’ tab will

appear with formatting options. Footer text can be formatted using the ‘Font’

section on the ‘Home’ tab. To remove an existing footer, select ‘Remove

Footer’.
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Page Number: To add a page number, select the drop-down menu by ‘Page

Number’ and select the ‘Top of Page’ or ‘Bottom of Page’ menu, depending on

where you want to insert the page number. Then, choose a page number

template. To remove an existing page number, select ‘Remove Page Numbers’

from the first drop-down menu.

Layout

• The layout tab contains options for formatting the actual pages that your

content is on, including adjusting the margins, changing orientation and page

size, creating columns, and standardizing the indent and spacing of your

paragraphs.

Page Setup

• Margins: To change the margins on your page, select the drop-down menu

and choose one of the built-in margin settings. To customize the margins,

select ‘Custom Margins…’ and input the values you want. You can also adjust

the margins by clicking and dragging on the rulers at the top and left of the

page.
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Orientation: MW supports two orientations, portrait or landscape. The default

orientation when you open Word is portrait. To change to landscape

orientation, select the dropdown menu and click on ‘Landscape’.

Size: The default page size in Word is US Letter, 8.5” x 11”. To change the page

size, select the drop-down menu and choose one of the built-in templates. To

manually enter a custom page size, click ‘More Paper Sizes…

Columns: The default setting in MW is one column. To add more columns,

select the drop-down menu and choose a column preset. To customize the

column settings, choose ‘More Columns…

Paragraph

Indent: Indent allows you to choose how far away to move the paragraph from

either margin. To set the values, click into either the ‘Left’ or ‘Right’ box

(depending on which margin you want to edit) and type distance you want.

You can also manually change the value by clicking on the up or down arrows

to the right of the text boxes.

Spacing: Spacing allows you to change how much space appears before and

after specific, selected paragraphs. To set the values, click into either the

‘Before’ or ‘After’ box and type the space you want before or after paragraphs.
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You can also manually change the value by clicking on the up or down arrows

to the right of the text boxes.

 While typing a document, you may make a mistake. Unlike a typewriter,

MS Word can delete text on the screen that leaves no residue – it is as if

you never typed on the page in the first place. A common source of

confusion for users is understanding the difference between the

“Delete” key and the “Backspace” key (#1 and #2 on the keyboard map

on page 6). Put simply, the “Backspace” key deletes words to the LEFT of

the cursor, and the “Delete” key deletes words to the RIGHT of the

cursor.

The UNDO and REDO features of Microsoft Windows applications are

great tools to rely on (especially in MS Word). The program will keep a

list of the last 25 commands that you have performed, and it will allow

for taking “one step” backwards in order to erase what you have just

done. It is a common thought that life itself should have an UNDO

feature. ☺ 1. Click ►Edit ►Undo from the Menu Bar to go back one

step (up to 25) 2. Click ►Edit ►Redo from the Menu Bar to go forward

one step (up to 25).

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 In MS Word, you can CUT or COPY text from one area of the document

and save that text so it can be PASTED elsewhere in the document.

When you CUT text, you actually delete it from where you took it, as

opposed to COPYING it, which makes, naturally, a carbon copy of your

selection. (CUTTING a selection will also make a copy of it, just in case

you want to PASTE it elsewhere.) When you CUT or COPY text, it is

stored on what is known as the CLIPBOARD. The Clipboard is a tool in MS

Word that you can use to stash away cuts and copies of your work, to be

in pasted in other places in the document. Once your selection is on the

CLIPBOARD, you can PASTE it as many times as you want! To CUT a

selection, first highlight it. Then, click ►Edit ►Cut from the Menu Bar.

The highlighted text will disappear, as you have just cut it out (but a copy

is now on your clipboard) and MS Word is waiting for you to paste it

somewhere else. To PASTE this cut selection somewhere else on the

page, place your cursor where you want the selection to go. Click ►Edit

►Paste from the menu bar, and it will pop into place, right where your

cursor is. To COPY, simply follow those same steps, replacing the CUT

command with COPY. You will notice immediately that the COPY

command will not alter your original selection at all, as it is simply

making a copy of it.

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One of the benefits of using a computerized word processor is that of its

ability to recognize, change and give advice about what you are writing.

MS Word has utilities that can check your spelling and grammar against

a master database, and can offer advice on a variety of different

grammatical styles. MS Word automatically underlines any words that it

does not recognize in red, assuming that they are not spelled right, and

green if it does not recognize the grammar, assuming that the sentence

does not make logical sense. For example:

I like to not be go to school

In this case, the statement above is incorrect. It should be written “ I do

not like to go school”. If you rightclick on the word, a menu will pop up

with options, including “Ignore” if you do not want help on this specific

phrase.

Saving Documents

When you finish typing and want to leave the computer, it is important to save

your work (even if you are printing a hard copy—saving should be a reflex). To

save your work in MS Word, it is essential to know WHAT you are trying to

save as well as WHERE you are trying to save it.

Click ►File ►Save from the Menu Bar to get started.

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You can change the filename that Word has chosen just by typing a new one in

the File name box at the bottom of the window that appears.

MS Word will automatically save your document with the suffix “.doc” – this is

simply a tag that lets Word know that your work is specific to this program.

You do not have to type it – just highlight what is there (default is “Documet1”)

and write a new file name.

There are many places in which you can save a file, some of which are portable

and some of which are immobile.

The My Documents folder on your computer’s hard drive is a good place to

store your documents. A blank CD (compact disc) is a great portable storage

device and can contain a LOT of data.

It is important to note that every consequent command of SAVE will overwrite

your original file, creating the most up-to-date version. If you want to save the

changed document without destroying the original one:

In the Menu Bar, click ►File ►Save As from the menu bar and give your

document a new filename (unique from the original).

To bring a saved document back up on the screen from MS Word:

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Click ►File ►Open from the Menu Bar. Locate where the file is located (which

folder, that is) and click on the filename of the document you want. Click

►Open.

Printing Documents

To print your MS Word document:

Click ►File ►Print from the Menu Bar and a Print window will pop up on the

screen.

Click ►OK for your document to start printing.

As with all commands in MS Word, you can make changes along the way. From

the Print menu, you can alter how many copies will be made, in what order the

pages will be and much more.

Another useful tool is the Print Preview function found alongside the Print

command. This will allow you to look over an exact copy of what will come out

of the printer before actually executing the print command. It is especially

useful when experimenting with altered margins and page dimensions, and can

help to conserve paper.

Closing Microsoft Word

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When you are finished Click ►File ►Exit from the menu bar OR Click on the X

in the top right corner of the computer screen.

CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 CONCLUSION

The goal of SIWES is to promote industrialization in Nigeria, and an

avenue between the world of teaching, learning, industry and work with

reference to a field of study such as engineering, science, Agriculture,

technology and other professional education programs.

The scheme is therefore a skill training oriented program so as to expose

the students on work they would meet after graduation.

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a skill

training program which was designed to expose and prepare students of

different tertiary institution to real life work/situation after graduation. The

scheme has exposed students to industrial based skills which is necessary for

smooth transition from the classroom to the world of work. It affords students

the opportunity of being exposed to the needed experience in handling

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machinery and equipment which are not available in the educational institute.

To this end, the Scheme aim and objectives has been fulfilled because as a

SIWES student, I was able to marry the theories taught in classrooms to what is

obtainable in real life and also able to carry out office secretarial activities,

management and handling of files. These were possible because of my

participation in the Scheme.

4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

Firstly, I commend the Federal Government for introducing the Student

Industrial Work Experience Scheme to all Nigerian Universities and

polytechnic in order to bridge the gap between theory and practical and to also

expose students to their different fields and working environment.

I also commend the Department of Urban and Regional Planning for

accepting students and tutoring them in their own capability and also providing

and enabling environment for students.

There are some challenges I encountered as a SIWES student and I

therefore give the following recommendations.

1. The Department should involve and expose SIWES students to field

works and practical to make them cope with challenges that may rise at

any time or in their field of study and may also enable them solve

complex planning problems.

2. Authorities should be properly sensitized on the need to accept and

accommodate SIWES students on the basis of gaining knowledge as a

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priority and not rejecting them for fear of giving out stipends.
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REFERENCES

Asikadi, E. (2003) Reconstructive SIWES to meet the national Development

Plan in Educational System. National Conference National Association
for Reseaech Development Asaba 2003.

Information and Guideline for SIWES 2002.

ITF (2004). Information and Guidelines for Student Industrial Work Experience
Scheme. Reviewed 2004. Industrial Training Fund, Jos Nigeria

National Universities Commission (2004) Labour Market Expectations of

Nigeria Graduates Report of National needs Assessment Survey NUC
Abuja.