SOCIOLOGY I

“WESTERNIZATION OF INDIAN CULTURE”

SUBMITTED BY- DEVESH MEENA (24LLB18) SUPERVISED BY- Dr. RITU SHARMA

FINAL DRAFT

NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, DELHI

2019

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 DECLARATION

I“hereby declare that the work revealed in this exploration venture entitled “Westernisation of Indian
culture” submitted at National Law University, Delhi is a result of my work did under the
supervision of Dr. Ritu Sharma. I have properly recognized every source from which the thoughts
and concentrates have been taken. To the best of my comprehension, the research project is free from
any sort of plagiarism.”

NAME - DEVESH MEENA

ROLL No. - 24LLB18

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I“Devesh Meena of 2nd year great chance of opportunity of setting up my research project by the means
provided in our curriculum of our university, and I also did work lot of efforts, however, in this project
is not just sole extraction. I first want to thanks my parent’s moral support me. I also want to thanks
my friends and colleagues for their valuable support. I also want to thanks my teacher Dr. Ritu
Sharma for allotting interesting topic to research and for consultations regarding how to perform the
research, for providing reading articles, lastly for the help through, helping in learning the concept of
“Westernisation of Indian culture” and its impact on Indian society. Without the help of these
people, it would have been very difficult to complete this research project.”

“I would also like to acknowledge the contributions of National Law University, Delhi and Dr. Priya
Rai (Librarian) for providing various resources in the library for my research project and I really
grateful for E-Database which help me a lot in preparing this research project..”

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 Table of Contents

Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
Research Objectives .................................................................................................... 2
Research Methodology................................................................................................. 3
Research Scheme ......................................................................................................... 3
Chapter-I Introduction to the Concept of Westernization ....................................... 4
Westernization in Asian history .................................................................................. 5
Development of Westernization................................................................................... 6
Chapter-II Westernization and Indian Culture ........................................................ 1
Chapter-III Impacts of Westernization on Indian Culture ..................................... 1
Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 1
Bibliography .................................................................................................................. 1

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 INTRODUCTION

If we see the literal meaning of word ‘westernize’, oxford dictionary defines it as “Cause to adopt or
to be influenced by the cultural, economic or political system of Europe and North America” but if we
look at antecedents its having its root in ancient Greece and Roman Empire, they were the first who
started the process of westernisation. Both the empires believe in cultural expansion. In westernisation
societies get influenced by the western cultures in categories like lifestyle, language, clothing,
technology etc and individuals of thinks that western culture is superior as compared to their culture
just because western culture having a history of dominance.

If we look at history of Indian culture, India is having one of the oldest and richest culture. Our nation
is land of diversity and our culture have created influence all over the world, we can take yoga as best
example. But now Indian culture is under very serious threat, especially in urban areas, there people
thinks Indian traditions and customs are like a chain which will bind them. We can also take example
from family structures these day, majority of people prefer nuclear family over joint family because
they don’t want to adjust with their family members, due to this number of elders is decreasing, this
westernize generation of India is giving its top priority to freedom and because of this Indian culture
is continuously diminishing.

Research Objectives
➢ To analyse and understand the concept of westernisation and Indian culture.
➢ To understand the reasons behind the optimization of Indian culture by westernisation.
➢ To understand the influence of westernisation on Indian culture.

Research Methodology
The research methodology that has been used in this project is doctrinal and method is descriptive. For
this research project various sources has been used in this research project like books and articles to
get the foundational idea of westernisation and to understand Indian culture, this research project also
includes various case studies and online sources to understand the practicality of this research project.

Research Scheme
This research project will be divided into 3 chapters. Are as follow-

I. Introduction to the concept of westernisation: In this chapter researcher described the concept
of westernisation and its origin.

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 II. Westernisation and Indian culture: In the second chapter researcher tried to explain the relation
between the westernisation and Indian culture
III. Impacts of westernisation on Indian culture: In the second chapter researcher explained the
relation between the westernisation and Indian culture. So, in this chapter researcher has
described the impacts of westernisation on Indian culture.

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 Chapter-I Introduction to the Concept of Westernisation
Over the last few decades, Westernization has been increasing its impact on world, some thinkers
assumes that westernisation is equivalent to the concept of modernisation, a way of thinking that is
frequently discussed. The general Westernization method is often two-sided in that Western interest
and influences are themselves linked to components which affects the community, at least to shift
towards a more Westernized culture, with the objective of achieving a Western life or some aspects of
it, while Western societies are themselves influenced by this process and interaction with non-Western
communities1. If we look at the antecedents of westernisation it traces its roots from ancient Greek and
Roman empires it is believed that these empires started the concept of westernisation because for these
two empires matter of pride was cultural expansion instead of territorial expansion, whenever any of
these two empires acquires new territory they put emphasis on how to supress the culture of that
territory and introduce their culture to subject population. So, Westernization in world history can be
seen in the transmission and reception across the globe of European thoughts, technology, lifestyles,
and institutions. 2Much of the scholarly attention tended to focus on the intensity and nature of that
transmission during the era of European colonialism and its attempts to transform the consciousness
of the peoples it met. Although transferring methods, locations of interaction and intellectual capital
are no longer Europe's sole domain, the nature of Westernization remains important as local traditions
become more integrated. If we see in "universal" values (or subsumed). Societies that are unable to
deal with the blistering pace of technological change, the fluctuations of an interdependent global
economy, or the insensitivity of an "global" society often find fault with "westernization," which is
connected with these uncontrollable and unknown pressures on local societies3. As a result, the
Westernization idea remains a part of the historical discourse of the twenty-first century, framing how
scholars examine interactions between cultures, regions, and nations.

Westernization often compared with the process of ‘acculturation’ as well. Acculturation is "the
method of social and psychological change resulting from interaction between social organizations
and their members 4." Changes in social patterns within one or both cultures are apparent after contact.
Specific to Westernization and non-Western culture, foreign countries tend to change their own social

1
Thong, Tezenlo. The Westernization of Nagas and Their Culture," Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 4 (July
2012): 893–918
2
.ibid
3
McLeish, Kenneth. Westernization". Bloomsbury Guide to Human Thought. Bloomsbury, London
4
.ibid (Thong, Tezenlo. " The Westernization of Nagas and Their Culture," Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 4
(July 2012): 893–918)

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systems with respect to Western ideology, lifestyle and physical appearance, along with many other
elements, and shifts in cultural patterns can be seen to take root as a community becomes acculturated
to Western customs and features. The concept of westernisation does not follow any particular pattern
across cultures as it depends upon the degree of adaptation and fusion with Western customs will
happen at differing magnitudes within distinct communities. Specifically, the extent to which
dominance, destruction, resistance, survival, adaptation or alteration affects a indigenous culture may
vary after inter-ethnic contact.

Westernisation in Asian History

Contemporary concepts of what constitutes "Western culture" reflect its postcolonial roots and
twentieth-century politics, just as between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries the concept of
"Western" may have had somewhat different meanings. In Southeast Asian history, Europeans had
conflicting thoughts about their cultural values and tried to infuse them into the cultures they met.
Spanish policy in the Philippines was exceptionally different from Indonesia's Netherlands policy, and
the Spaniards and the Netherlands certainly did not see each other as representing a single, unified
cultural domain.5 These things have often been couched in religious or political agendas that show
tensions among empires as much as they show tensions within them. Scholars who look to the past
sometimes project "Westernization" in the history of exploration, trade and colonialism, despite the
reality that those who took part in these worldwide exchanges likely saw and articulated their tasks
differently. These concept of modernity would be appropriated and applied by colonized elites to their
own communities, essentially altering their own identity with regard to the globe. In these discourses,
the "East" or the "East" was seen as something homogeneous, unified and essentially opposed to that
of Europe, although the concept of a consistent "West" encountering a consistent "East" tended to
overestimate the complexity, nature and structure of these societies. This method of interaction by the
Europeans has also taken place in Africa and the Americas, creating very comparable stories of return,
acculturation and domination. Whatever the context, early European scientists, traders, troops, and
missionaries saw themselves as coming from very different worlds, as well as the individuals they
met6. In some cases, Europeans would see Westernization as the process of making others more like
themselves, although they probably didn't see this conversion as "Westernization" per se.

5
Tarling, Nicholas, ed. The Cambridge “History of Southeast Asia”, Vol. 2: The Nineteenth and Twentieth
Centuries. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1992
6
.ibid Tarling, Nicholas, ed. The Cambridge “History of Southeast Asia”, Vol. 2: The Nineteenth and
Twentieth Centuries. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1992

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Westernization would have different meanings, impacts, and types throughout history, but in fact it
relates to one of many worldwide procedures that defined human societies ' communication.

If we analyse it from regional context the history of Westernization in Southeast Asia can be seen in
much the same manner from a national view: it is but one of many ongoing procedures that added to
the personality of the region. Southeast Asia has benefited for a millennium from its distinctive
geographic place as both a continental and naval crossroads between the cultural areas of India and
China. These essential places has exposed it to three major cultures (Buddhism, Islam, and
Christianity), worldwide trade, and the worldwide motion of nations. Many scholars have chosen to
consider the dynamics of regional change that could be compared to Westernization in the context of
Islamization, Indianization, and Sinicization (modification under Chinese influence).

Development of Westernisation
The development of westernisation and its spread over the world started with the trade relations
between the Europeans and Asians. Initial connections were created through the organization of
European and Southeast Asian traders Early Maritime Influence (1511–1670). In terms of cultural
penetration, the nature of communication here could be defined as minimal, but there have been some
significant technological interactions. During this era, the Portuguese and the Spanish started to enter
the region, ensuring Malacca's national port in the former situation, and Cebu in the latter case. The
Netherlands also started operation in the waters of Southeast Asia, but strong Muslim countries and
trade networks continued to flourish, resulting in low exchange rates. Penetration by Dutch in the
regional trade networks intensified as they slowly began to involve themselves in internal political
issues of succession and power relations. Under this second stage of Accelerated Influence (1670–
1820), the main Muslim kingdoms disintegrated and regional trading networks fragmented as the
Dutch (in particular) increased their influence in the island interiors. Similarly it is during this period
that the Spanish increased their role in the Philippines, inserting the religious-political structures that
would become the foundation of their strong presence among the local communities there7. While
Southeast Asia's coasts were starting to be subjected to Western technology, religion, and financial
stresses, on the other side the continent was left alone as the island world's fruits and other natural
resources continued to attract the attention of Europe. Suez Canal also played the important role in
spreading the westernisation over the world. Improvements in steam technology and telegraph growth,
Southeast Asian communities witnessed an increase in Western impact under High Imperialism (1870–

7
.ibid Reid, Anthony, ed. Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era: Trade, Power, and Belief. Ithaca,
N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993

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1942). Due to changing world requirements for natural resources, the capacity for wealth from taxing
local peoples, and the impact of fresh European cultural superiority concepts, Europeans started
actively pursuing and initiating programs aimed at colonizing the consciousness of normal Southeast
Asian individuals. In the this region, colonizers supressed the local autonomy of native population.

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 Chapter-II Westernisation and Indian culture
In the previous chapter the researcher has discussed the concept of westernisation and its historical
background at Asian level. In this chapter researcher will discuss the relation between the
westernisation and Indian culture.

India is a nation having richest and one of the oldest culture in the world, with a detailed history and
an ancient heritage. Every year in India there are many festivals and festivities taking place. This nation
has more than 1 billion inhabitants and is a culture in which more than 700 languages are spoken.
However, Westernization is now affecting this culture and everything is evolving slowly and becoming
Western.

“It was said by M.N Srinivas that ‘Westernisation’ means in the Context of India “the changes brought
about in the Indian society and culture as a result of over 150 years of British rule and the term
subsumes changes occurring at different levels technology, institutions, ideology and values”. Mr.
Srinivas also described some essentials features of westernisation like humanitarianism, secularisation
Equalitarianism, westernisation is also responsible for initiation of social reforms 8Ex. The concept of
westernization propagated by the' British rule' severely affected social evil practises like child
marriage, sati, infanticide, untouchability, Polygamy and Slavery that weakened Indian society. The
implementation of' British law placed an end to some inequalities that were present in Indian society
from time immemorial . The wicked institutions of sati, untouchability and purdah have been
condemned by the spread the idea of utalitarism and secularization9. And the development in the field
of science and technology10. This all was result of westernisation.

Currently, the Indian culture presumes to be entirely Westernized. The media situation is entirely
westernized, especially cable television. With the advent of U.S.A.'s international media
conglomerates that acquired the worldwide media, the Indian media presents a threat. The famous
American companies such as Time-Warner, Disney world, American Online (AOL), Sky TV (Rupert
Murdoch). STAR TV reputation) and other media conglomerates in India spread over the heavens.
They encourage U.S. culture in which demonstrates less useful stuff like academic growth and study
in Western countries, growth programs etc., but demonstrates other stuff like violence, sex, reality

8
M.N. Srinivas, Social Change in Modern India (Published in 1963, Allied Publishers)
9
M.N Srinivas, “ A Note on Sanskritization and Westernisation”(1956) The far Eastern Quarterly, Vol 15(4)
< www.jstor.org/stable/2941919 > accessed on 29 August 2019

11
shows, divorces, extramarital affairs that may be prevalent to them but unusual to us. With the new
ideas, the teens get enthusiastic and attempt to evaluate it. Western materialism has overpowered the
East's spiritualism. Tradition also loses footage and becomes a recess shadow. It is marked as outdated
and unproductive. Modern Indians have failed to understand the origin of culture and tradition. Culture
is the spectrum of society's concepts and norms gained over the centuries. The significance of culture
has been emphasized even by our old scriptures. In reality, we Indians are renowned for our vibrant
and multi coloured culture that breathes in the rock-cut shrines, the pulsating celebrations, the hot
hospitality of hearts, and our cultures. Westernization has brought nuclear families into being.
Marriages are shattering rapidly, and the response has been our tolerance and patience. The most
affected are, our fresh flowers that have sprouted and are strained and secluded in this fresh atmosphere
when left behind, there is no one to take care of them. They're not going to get their grandparents ' help
and love and they're in crutches where others are going to take care of them. It is very unfortunate that
the fresh sprouts stay intact and separated from our moral and sanskaras principles11. There is no one
at home in today's situation where both spouse and mother work to look after them to imbibe the
sanskaras in them as our parents who give these sanskaras to their offspring are no longer with them.
It's not intentional in many instances, but in most instances the kids prefer to stay away from their
relatives, which is very sad. Contradictory to it Parents are happy to give their kids Western Sanskaras.
Not only will the cultural attack help us build travel identities, but in this era of computers will render
us ROBOTS. Young individuals use new media technology to interact with others in the U.S. and
around the globe, including cell phones, private data assistants, and the Internet. New communication
methods, such as text messaging, chatrooms, and portals for social networking (e.g., whats app and
Facebook), have made it easy for young individuals to develop relationships, some with individuals
they never encountered in individual. This can be considered a huge cultural value of Westernization.
Because everybody can understand the culture of others through these sites and can follow the positive
aspects of the culture involved. On the other side, it can be hazardous evidence as it can also contribute
to cultural degradation. New technology has a lot of future advantages for young people. It enables
young individuals to interact on a periodic basis with family and friends. New technology also offers
possibilities for those who have difficulties developing friendships in traditional social environments
or due to limited contact with colleagues of the same age to create rewarding personal associations.
Additionally, frequent internet access enables young individuals to expand their knowledge on a broad
range of subjects rapidly. However, the technology recent explosion does not occur without potential

11
Nitisha, ‘Westernisation and Indian Society’< http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/westernisation/westernisation and
Indian society /47098>

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risks. Young people can use electronic media to make their colleagues embarrassed and harassed. This
fresh type of violence is becoming an increasing amount of teenagers and pre-teens. All though there
are many different terms such as cyber bullying or harassment are born because of westernisation12. In
this western atmosphere, children's days are being brought up. Thus they are held away from our Indian
culture, miles away. There is no harm in giving knowledge of other cultures and traditions as Indians
have made their presence part of the world, but it is very necessary that we also have knowledge of
our own culture and traditions. We should be careful that our new sprouts are well versed with Indian
culture and values, and it is the parents ' responsibility to inherit the same for them. This makes it very
necessary for relatives to have a good understanding of Indian culture and traditions as well. There's
no harm in taking goods from the West, but that doesn't imply we should completely adapt this culture
and forget our own culture.

12
Ibid

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 Chapter III Impacts of westernisation on Indian culture
In the previous chapter researcher has taken general overview of impacts of westernisation on Indian
culture in each and every field in this chapter researcher will going to put emphasis only on the cultural
factors which has affected by the process of westernisation.

Common and real concern among conservative Indians (especially the elders) is that widespread
westernization among Indians leads to the gradual decrease and ultimate destruction of Indian culture
and tradition. They fear that Western products, clothing, food, celebrations, fashion, language, and
moreover Western thought are expanding throughout the population. The aim of this paper is to
examine and evaluate the many factors that trigger such concerns by contrasting them with truth. This
assessment is primarily from the Hindu view, as my knowledge lies there. However, the assessment
would likely also extend other cultural persuasions to those Indians in equal measure. The culture of
the nation is its Language, religious practices, festival, traditions, arts, food and lifestyle. Each and
very thing in this universe have both positive and negative impacts, same is with the concept of
westernisation.

Impact of westernisation on Festivals and religious Practices: Indians are now celebrating a broad
range of religious events. Special focus has been given to Valentine's Day, New Year's Eve,
Halloween, Christmas, and celebrations regarded alien to India. The reality that a big proportion of
young people have taken part in these celebrations has given rise to considerable concerns, leading
even to threats of, and in 13many instances actual, physical abuse. Among the Indian upper and middle
classes, Christmas and New Year's Eve are being marked with pleasure these days. While Christmas
is an significant religious festival, many Hindus are celebrating Christmas for Christians. Valentine's
Day is gaining popularity among young people in particular. It is alleged that Valentine's Day is a press
and commerce undertaking. Whatever the cause, popularity has earned. Most individuals celebrating
Christmas, New Year's Day, and Valentine's Day do this not as a religious festival, but as a celebration.
Valentine's Day is regarded as a love festival and it offers possibilities for young people to convey
their gratitude to their mates. Christmas and New Year's Day are welcomed not for spiritual purposes
but for the consumption of cakes and wine. In a way, these have been embraced by many Indians as
overall non-religious celebrations.

Khirbhawani, “Grown trend of westernisation” < http://creative.sulekha.com/growing trends of

13

westernisation ation-on-indian-culture_274_blog > accessed on 28 August 2019.

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Impact of westernisation on Arts: The traditional Indian arts seem to do well. Classical music, light
music, Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Carnatic and Hindustani, all of these have excellent followers. These
are also practiced by many individuals skilled in different jobs, sometimes giving up their primary
careers to follow the traditional arts path. There seem to be enough pupils in many schools / trainers
studying the classical arts. Bollywood, Tollywood, and other film industries have excellent economies
and teach Hollywood one or two things. Like in food and clothing, the traditional Indian arts do not
seem to have lost their way to the Western arts.

Impact of westernisation on clothing: Western clothing has percolated quite extensively among the
Indian people. Some of the traditional Indian clothes are becoming common, such as dhoti, turban (for
males), sari, langa-blouse-daavani (for women). During the British rule the westernization of Indian
clothing began. For quite a while now, the pants, dresses, shirts, ties, dresses and so on have been in
fashion. Indian clothes are still living well. Traditional clothes are prevalent among young people on
all unique occasions. Still frequently used are salwar-kameez, kurta-pyjama, mundu, sari, and so on.
Western clothing was also commonly accepted, likely because of comfort. Western garments
uncomfortable to wear like corsets, big flowing gowns and lengthy dresses are quite common. Again,
traditional Indian clothing does not seem to run the risk of being subsumed by Westernization.

Impact of westernisation on eating habits: Western (and Eastern) food was greeted by the Indian
palate. In Indian cities and towns, pizzas, burgers, ice cream and noodles are widespread. Of late, their
presence is also sensed by barbecues, steaks, pasta, lasagna, spaghetti, tacos and other products. When
the main Western meat joints began activities in India, there was extensive fear that Indian foods such
as dosa and idli would end. Nothing like that has occurred. Indeed, Indian foods have risen stronger
with all their traditional national identities. As for the roomali rotis, there is enough demand for the
appam. With equal fervor, the rasgullas and the Mysore paks are both enjoyed. Some special dishes
that a century earlier were becoming quite common are now reappearing and are even being
commercially sold. In Karnataka, for example, products such as manohara, kunda, kardant and
Todedev spread from their former national silos and deal with bigger economies. Western products
involve too much fat, leading to an rise in the frequency of obesity in India. However, you are not
permitted to consume pork or meat in the Indian religion, since western products have kicked in, many
Indians no longer respect their religion and consume stuff against their religion. This causes the Indian
religion's importance to decline and is altering the lifestyles of many people. There are more western
supermarkets like KFC in India today, or Mac Donald's than there are Indian restaurants.

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Impact of Westernisation of life style: Much has been said about the Pub culture promoted by
Western civilization and its disastrous impact on Indian culture. The ease with which girls and boys
mix; the disco bars; the drinking and merry making; the coffee joints with hookahs; they're all frowned
against Indian morality. There is no specific culture that can be said to be' Indian.' There is still much
proof of Indian principles of family life, consideration for the elderly, love for the older, feeling of
obligation. People provided to life's pleasures such as eating, making merry, were always there even
in the old Indian society. In reality, it appears that individuals in ancient India have had a pretty good
time by and big. Frowning on all pleasures as sins is likely foreign to Indian and may be an impact of
British-imported Victorian conservatism. In this conservatism, the Muslim rule may also have had
considerable impact, The widespread consumerism and brand materialism are another obviously
noticeable element of culture. We have seen an extended brand materialism in India in latest years, an
irritating amount of products for the body and its pleasure. All elements of lives have been influenced
by this exercise–not just cultural. This is also reflected in traditional Indian values ' gross / coarse
practice. For example, the Ganapatis sizes, the amount of money donated, the feasts ' lavishness, and
so on. It's not that this was free of old Indian cultures, but their possibilities were restricted. The society
was then nearer to nature due to a lack of mechanization and automation, and the pace of life was
within safe boundaries.

Positive impacts of westernisation: The primary positive impact of westernisation is modernisation,

Western culture has adverse impact on India in many respects, it has also affected India in many
respects. It's getting India more contemporary, for instance. Indian culture is a very ancient culture and
remains the same, but now Western culture is transforming it into a more contemporary culture.
Nowadays, the western media in India is getting many individuals particularly adolescents dressing
more modern like jeans, tee shirts, etc. Modernisation has also helped to boost India's economic
growth. In India, sanitation and public health have significantly enhanced due to the impact of
westernization. Many Western physicians have emigrated to India and created medications that helped
to decrease disease in big areas because health care has become available. Western traders ' existence
in India has boosted requirements in India for products and services. As a consequence, they hired
Indian craftsmen, craftsmen and weavers. These craftsmen and artisans have risen in numbers and now
the Indian labour force has expanded and become more competent and practical. Westernization has
also helped educational regions in India. When the British occupied India, they built many colleges
across the nation, resulting in an rise in literacy and access to information for the poorest class in
society.

16
 Conclusion
Westernisation is the process in which cultural changes takes place by interaction between different
cultural groups and their individuals and because of this interaction both the cultural group gets
influenced by each other and adapts and this adaptation resultant into changes in various field such as
customs, traditions, values, technology, politics, economics, lifestyle, law, norms, mentality,
perceptions, diet, clothing, language, religion, and philosophy. There are various reasons behind the
optimization of Indian culture but the main reasons are, first, many member thinks that the western
culture is dominant one because it is the culture of people who ruled the world or in the present context
we can say that it is culture of developed nations (who are superior then why we should follow inferior
culture). Second, liberal nature of western culture, people thinks that Indian culture is binding in nature
and each and every individual wants freedom, that’s why they prefer western culture instead of their
own culture. If we see the Indian society is one of the oldest society in the world but now under severe
danger as Western society is slowly and gradually wiping out Indian society. It had already gone to
Metro's & now slowly going to other areas of India. Westernization has significantly influenced our
traditions, customs, family, and love of others. Joint family idea is rapidly disappearing, and everyone
likes to stay aloof. Now no one is involved in the lives of others and thinks only for himself that is
completely contradictory to our Indian culture that enables us to be a component and parcel of society,
exchanging the joys and sorrows of each other. All our wealthy ideals and traditions are progressively
dying down, the location of Western Culture. People follow it blindly without understanding the
implications. Westernization has created single parents. Marriages are crumbling and we have lost our
tolerance and patience. Our fresh blossoms, which have yet to sprout, are the most impacted. In this
fresh atmosphere they discover themselves strained and secluded, as there is no one to take care of
them. They no longer receive their grandparents ' care and love. They discover themselves to be cared
for by others in crutches. It is very sad that our excellent moral values and sanskaaras stay intact and
cut off from the fresh sprouts. Both spouse and mother work in today's scenario. There is no one at
home to take care of them and cultivate in them.

There's no harm taking good things from the western culture, but that doesn't imply we should be
slaves to their culture and misrepresent our identity. It is understandable that India is a increasing
nation, so all cultures and their traditions need to be known. It's okay to some part, but pretending and
acting like Westerners and discarding our own culture is incorrect. We must maintain our identity.

17
 Bibliography

➢ M.N. Srinivas, Social Change in Modern India (Published in 1963, Allied Publishers)
➢ M.N Srinivas, “ A Note on Sanskritization and Westernisation”(1956) The far Eastern
Quarterly, Vol 15(4) < www.jstor.org/stable/2941919 > accessed on 29 August 2019
➢ V. Monga “Sociological Bulletin” (1967) < http://www.jstor.org/stable/24431229 > accessed
on 31 August 2019
➢ Reid, Anthony, ed. Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era: Trade, Power, and
Belief. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993
➢ Tarling, Nicholas, ed. The Cambridge “History of Southeast Asia”, Vol. 2: The Nineteenth
and Twentieth Centuries. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
➢ Khirbhawani, “Grown trend of westernisation” < http://creative.sulekha.com/growing trends
of westernisation ation-on-indian-culture_274_blog > accessed on 28 August 2019.
➢ Nitisha, ‘Westernisation and Indian Society’<
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/westernisation/westernisation and Indian society /47098 >
➢ Von Laue, Theodore H. "The World Revolution of Westernization." The History Teacher 20,
no. 2 (1987): 263-279.
➢ Gould, Harold A. "Sanskritization and westernization." Economic weekly 13.24 (1961): 945-
50.
➢ Thong, Tezenlo. "‘To Raise the Savage to a Higher Level:' The Westernization of Nagas and
Their Culture," Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 4 (July 2012): 893–918
➢ McLeish, Kenneth. "Westernization". Bloomsbury Guide to Human Thought. Bloomsbury,
London.

18