Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 1

Example 6.1 Ball-Raceway Contact Stresses and Deformations

Problem Statement

For the 218 ACBB of Example 5.2 determine the maximum

normal contact stresses and contact deformations

Problem Solution

D 22.23
Eq. (2.27) γ= cosα = cos 38.9° = 0.1381
dm 125.3

Since this value is only slightly larger than the 0.1359 value of
Ex. 2.6 and since we shall use Fig. 6.4 to determine ai*, bi*,
and δi*, the values of Σρi, Σρo, F(ρ)i, and F(ρ)o calculated in
Example 2.6 will be used here.

Fig. 6.4 ai* = 3.50, bi* = 0.430 and δi* = 0.630

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 3543 
Eq. (6.39) ai = 0.0236a  i 
*
= 0.0236 ⋅ 3.50  = 2.64mm
 Σρ i 
i
 0.108 
1/ 3 1/ 3
Q   3543 
Eq. (6.41) bi = 0.0236b  i *
= 0.0236 ⋅ 0.430  = 0.324mm
 Σρ 
i
 0.108 
 i

3Qi 3 ⋅ 3543
Eq. (6.47) σ i = = = 1976MPa
2πai bi 2π ⋅ 2.64 ⋅ 0.324
Eq. (6.43) δ i = 2.79 ⋅10 −4 δ i*Qi2 / 3Σρi1/ 3 = 2.79 ⋅10 −4 ⋅ 0.630 ⋅ (3543) ⋅ (0.108) = 0.0195mm
2/3 1/ 3

Fig. 6.4 ao* = 3.10, bo* = 0.455 and δo* = 0.672

1/ 3 1/ 3
Q   3543 
Eq. (6.39) a o = 0.0236ao*  o  = 0.0236 ⋅ 3.10  = 2.56mm
 Σρ o   0.0832 

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 3543 
Eq. (6.41) bo = 0.0236bo*  o  = 0.0236 ⋅ 0.455  = 0.3754mm
 Σρ o   0.0832 

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 2

3Q 3 ⋅ 3543
Eq. (6.47) σ o = = = 1762MPa
o
2πaobo 2π ⋅ 2.56 ⋅ 0.3754

Eq. (6.43) δ o = 2.79 ⋅10 −4 δ o*Qo2 / 3Σρ o1/ 3 = 2.79 ⋅10−4 ⋅ 0.672 ⋅ (3543)2 / 3 ⋅ (0.0832)1/ 3 = 0.01902mm

Note that σi,max > σo,max

This is true for most ball and roller bearings; i.e., contact normal stress is greater at the
inner raceway contact than at the outer raceway contact.

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 3

Example 6.2 Roller-Raceway Contact Stresses and

Deformations
Problem Statement

Estimate the maximum normal contact stress and deformation

at the inner raceway of the 90000 series TRB of Ex. 5.3

Problem Solution
D 22.86
Eq. (2.27) γ= cos α = cos 22° = 0.1490
dm 142.2

1 2  1  2 
Eq. (2.37) Σρ i =   =   = 0.1028mm
−1

D  1 − γ i  22.86  1 − 0.1490 
1/ 2 1/ 2
 Q 
−3 
−3 59410 
Eq. (6.52) bi = 3.35 ⋅10  i  = 3.35 ⋅10   = 0.461mm
 lΣρ i   30.48 ⋅ 0.1028 

2Qi 2 ⋅ 59410
Eq. (6.49) σ i , max = = = 2692MPa
πlbi π ⋅ 30.38 ⋅ 0.461
Because this roller has a straight profile and is heavily loaded, very high edge
stresses will occur that will cause rapid fatigue failure. The roller needs to be
properly crowned to avoid the edge stresses!

Qi0.9 (59410) 0.9

Eq. (6.54) δ i = 3.85 ⋅10 0.8 = 3.85 ⋅10 −5

−5
= 0.0491mm
l (30.48)0.8

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 4

Example 6.3 Ball-Raceway Contact Subsurface Stresses

Problem Statement 2τ 0
σ max
For the 218 ACBB of Ex. 6.1 determine the maximum
orthogonal shear stress and depth below the surface where
it occurs for the inner and outer raceways
z0
b
Problem Solution

Ex. 6.1 ai = 2.64 mm (0.1040 in.)

Ex. 6.1 bi = 0.324 mm (0.0.01277 in.)

bi 0.324
= = 0.1227
ai 2.64

2τ 0i z0 i
Fig. 6.14 = 0.498 and = 0.493
σ i , max bi
τ 0i = 0.249σ i ,max = 0.249 ⋅1976 = 492MPa

z0i = 0.493bi = 0.493 ⋅ 0.324 = 0.160mm

Ex. 6.1 ao = 2.558 mm (0.1007 in.)

Ex. 6.1 bo = 0.375 mm (0.0.01478 in.)

bo 0.375
= = 0.1468
ao 2.558

Fig. 6.14 2τ 0 o = 0.497 and z0 o = 0.491

σ o ,max bo

τ 0o = 0.2485σ i ,max = 0.2485 ⋅1762 = 438MPa

z0 o = 0.491bo = 0.491⋅ 0.375 = 0.184mm

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 5

For case-hardening steel bearings, the values of z0i and z0o can be used to estimate
the required case depth. Note that the maximum shear stresses at the centers of
contact occur at z1i = 0.76bi and z1o = 0.755bo for the inner and outer raceways
respectively (see Fig. 6.12). Hence z1i = 0.246 mm (0.00867 in.) and z1o = 0.281 mm
(0.01108 in.). It is more conservative to base case depth on these values. Case depth
should exceed z0 or z1 by at least a factor of three.

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 6

Example 6.4 Spherical Roller-Raceway Contact

Problem Statement

The 22317 SRB of Ex. 2.9 experiences a peak roller load of 2225 N (500 lb). Estimate
the type of contact at each raceway.

Ex 2.7 l = 20.71 mm (0.8154 in.)

Ex 2.9 Σρi = 0.0979 mm-1 (2.487 in.-1)

Ex 2.9 F(ρ)i = 0.9951

Ex 2.9 Σρo = 0.068 mm-1 (1.726 in.-1)

Ex 2.9 F(ρ)o = 0.9929

Problem Solution

Fig. 6.5 ai* = 10. 2

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 2225 
Eq. (6.38) ai = 0.0236a  i 
*
= 0.0236 ⋅10.2  = 6.828mm
 Σρ i 
i
 0.0979 

2ai = 2 ⋅ 6.828 = 13.64 < 20.71mm = l

Therefore, point contact occurs at the inner raceway-roller contacts!

Fig. 6.5 ao* = 8.8

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 2225 
Eq. (6.39) ao = 0.0236a  o 
*
= 0.0236 ⋅ 8.8  = 6.65mm
 Σρ o 
o
 0.068 
2ao = 2 ⋅ 6.65 = 13.3mm < 20.71mm = l

Therefore, point contact occurs at the outer raceway-roller contacts also!

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I

Chapter 6 Contact Stress and Deformation 7

Example 6.5 Spherical Roller-Raceway Contact

Problem Statement
If the 22317 SRB of Ex. 2.9 experiences a peak roller load of 22,250 N (5000 lb).
Estimate the type of contact at each raceway.

Problem Solution

Ex 2.7 l = 20.71 mm (0.8154 in.)

Fig. 6.5 ai* = 10. 2

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 22250 
Eq. (6.38) ai = 0.0236a  i 
*
= 0.0236 ⋅10.2  = 14.69mm
 Σρ i 
i
 0.0979 
2ai = 2 ⋅14.69 = 29.38 > 20.71mm = l

1.5l = 1.5 ⋅ 20.71 = 31.06 > 2ai = 29.38

Therefore, modified line contact occurs at the inner raceway-roller contacts!

Fig. 6.5 ao* = 8.8

1/ 3
Q 
1/ 3
 22250 
Eq. (6.39) ao = 0.0236a  o 
*
= 0.0236 ⋅ 8.8  = 14.31mm
 Σρ o 
o
 0.068 

2ao = 2 ⋅14.31 = 28.62mm > 20.71mm = l

1.5l = 1.5 ⋅ 20.71 = 31.06 > 2ao = 28.62

Therefore, modified line contact occurs at the outer raceway-roller contacts also!

Rolling Bearing Analysis, 5th Ed. Volume I