Submarine Cables

Name: Suhayb abdirisak ali ID:1614295

.Meaning
A  submarine communications cable is a cable laid on the  sea bed between land-
based stations to carry telecommunication signals across stretches of ocean and
sea. The first submarine communications cables laid beginning in the 1850s
carried telegraphy traffic, establishing the first instant telecommunications links
between continents, such as the first transatlantic telegraph cable  which became
operational on 16 August 1858
.Structure
The submarine cable in the deep sea with a water depth of more than
1000 m generally uses a steel-free armored structure, but the cable core
structure and reinforcement components (generally the center wire) must
be able to protect the fiber and to prevent the high pressure of seawater
and high tension during installation and recovery

.Principle
Modern submarine cables use fiber-optic technology. Lasers on one end
fire at extremely rapid rates down thin glass fibers to receptors at the other
end of the cable. These glass fibers are wrapped in layers of plastic (and
sometimes steel wire) for protection