JOINT VENTURE “VIETSOVPETRO”

PROJECT : EXTENSION OF GAS COMPRESSION

CAPACITY AT BLOCK 09-1

PACKAGE : PROVISION OF FUEL GAS SYSTEM

CONTRACT NUMBER : 0051/18/T-D3/VSP1-PVCMS-CHANHUNG

DOCUMENT TITLE : RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION

PROCEDURE

0 Approval for
Construction 12-10-18

Issued for
B Review/ 19-09-18
Approved
Issued for
A Review/ 23-07-18
Approved
CANDT PVC-MS VSP
REV. DESCRIPTION DATE
PREP. CHECK REVIEW CHECK APPR.
VENDOR:
Vendor Document No.: FGS-PVCMS-QP-G03-0003

VSP’s Control Doc. Ref. No.: MKS-112-TS-GEN.FUG-

PR-003
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REVISION RECORD SHEET

NN Rev. No. Content of Revision Date

1 A Issued for Review/ Approved 23-07-2018

2 B Issued for Review/ Approved 19-09-2018

3 0 Approval for Construction 12-10-2018

Note: Third column is to be filled in, when the document is being updated/modified

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVISION RECORD SHEET.....................................................................................................2
TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................. 3
1.0 SCOPE........................................................................................................................... 4
2.0 REFERENCES............................................................................................................... 4
3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION.....................................................................................4
4.0 SAFETY.......................................................................................................................... 5
5.0 SELECTION OF RADIATION ENERGY.........................................................................5
6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION............................................................................................5
7.0 RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT......................................................................................5
7.1 Exposure Device....................................................................................................5
7.2 Radiographic Film..................................................................................................6
7.3 Penetrameter (Image Quality Indicator - IQI).........................................................7
8.0 LOCATION AND FILM MARKER....................................................................................8
9.0 SOURCE TO SUBJECT DISTANCE..............................................................................9
10.0 BACK SCATTER RADIATION PROTECTION................................................................9
11.0 GEOMETRIC UNSHARPNESS LIMITATION.................................................................9
12.0 USE OF IQI FOR RADIOGRAPHY...............................................................................10
12.1 Selection of Penetrameter (IQI)...........................................................................10
12.2 Placement of Penetrameter (IQI).........................................................................10
12.3 Number of IQIs....................................................................................................10
13.0 RADIOGRAPH DENSITY.............................................................................................11
14.0 QUALITY LEVEL OF RADIOGRAPH............................................................................12
15.0 RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE....................................................................................12
16.0 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION..........................................................................................13
17.0 FILM PROCESSING.....................................................................................................13
18.0 FILMS VIEWER............................................................................................................ 14
19.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA............................................................................................14
20.0 REPORTING................................................................................................................15
Appendix 1 - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION REPORT........................................................16
Appendix 2 - RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES.........................................................................17

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1.0 SCOPE
This procedure is developed to cover the radiographic examination requirements for
Industrial work as carried out by CANDT
This procedure covers the performance, evaluation and documentation of radiographic
examination of materials and weld seams in plates, pipes and branches as well as
offshore and onshore structural component.
2.0 REFERENCES
The following Codes and Standards with the latest editions which are registered in
CANDT’s list shall be referenced:
 ASME Section V: Non-Destructive Examination.
 AWS D1.1: Structure Welding Code Steel.
 ASME Code B31.3: Process Piping Code.
 ASME Section IX: Welding and Brazing Qualifications.
 ASME SE 999: Guide for controlling the quality of Industrial Radiographic
Film Processing.
 ASME SE 94: Standard guide for Radiographic Testing.
 ASME SE 142: Standard Method for Controlling Quality of Radiography
Testing.
 ASME SE 747: Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing Using Wire
Penetrameters.
 ASME SE 1032: Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments.
 ASME SE 1254: Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed
Radiographic Films.
 ISO 9712 – 2012: Quanlification and certification of NDT personnel
 ASNT Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A: Personnel Qualifications.
 Health, Safety and Environment Management System.
 CA-30-01: CANDT’s Written Practice.
 CA-50-02: Radiation Safety Procedure.
3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION
All personnel involved in the radiography of welds and in film processing shall be
qualified in accordance with CANDT’s Written Practice based on ASNT Recommended
Practice SNT-TC-1A. All personnel involved in the interpretation and the writing of
results shall be qualified to minimum RT or RI level II or level III of CANDT’s Written
Practice, ISO 9712, PCN, CSWIP. CANDT personnel shall be under the direct
supervision and control by Client’s personnel and/or Owner representative or/and
Certified Agency (C.A.) representative.
All technicians carrying out radiography shall hold current valid certification in welds
sector as a minimum. The certification documents of personnel shall be submitted to
Client and Owner prior to work commencement.

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4.0 SAFETY
All technicians carrying out radiography shall hold current valid of radiation safety
licence.
All radiographic work carried out by CANDT personnel will conform to CANDT safety
procedures and local statutory safety equipment. CANDT Safety Officer will conduct
periodic safety inspection at all work locations and will have the authority to suspend
work if not satisfied with safety procedures adopted. Personnel found not adhering to
the standard safety procedures may be subjected to disciplinary action.
Please see Radiation Safety Procedure, CA-50-02.
5.0 SELECTION OF RADIATION ENERGY
 Gamma Radiation selection of the appropriate source is dependent upon
variables regarding the weld to be examined (material composition and
thickness and diameter). The type of radiation source used on the project
shall be specified, and the specific radiation source used shall be able to
demonstrate that it is capable of producing radiographs that conforms to the
requirements of all the applicable references codes/standards and project
specifications.
 X-Ray Radiation: The radiographic technique shall demonstrate that
required radiographic sensitivity and density has been obtained.
6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
Test shall be carried out only when the test specimen has been cooled down to
ambient temperature. Surface preparation of welds for Radiography shall be as follows:
 Free from scale or weld slag.
 Surface irregularities whenever possible are to be removed or dressed
such that the resulting radiographic image is not masked or confused with the
image of any relevant discontinuity that may be present.
 Temporary tack welds to be removed and ground smoothly.
 The finish surface may be flushed with the base material or may be have
uniform crown.
 Methods of preparation shall be such that over heating or loss of material
integrity does not occur.
 For the branch welds, access to surface in both sides in conformity of
radiographic applicable techniques shall be free to be approached.
Surface shall satisfy the requirements of the applicable materials specifications, with
additional conditioning, if necessary, by any suitable process to a degree that surface
irregularities cannot mask or be confused with discontinuities.
7.0 RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT
7.1 Exposure Device
Gamma ray sources Iridium 192 or Selenium 75 shall be used. Maximum
Source strength is 90 Ci; Maximum dimension 3x3mm.

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X-Ray equipment RADIOFLEX EG300, 300kV-5mA; or ARINA7, 250kV-

1mA; Focus size maximum is 3x3 mm shall be used. Or any type with
maximum 300kV-5mA and 3x3 mm focus size.
7.2 Radiographic Film
Radiographic film used shall meet the requirements of ASTM SE 94.
Radiographic films shall be of industrial type and shall be free from
inherent flaws that may interfere with the interpretation of radiographs.
Radiographic film shall be processed to allow storage and without
deterioration for a period of at least five (5) years.
7.2.1 Sensitivity and type:
 For thin wall (less than 6.4 mm) 300 series stainless steel
and Ni- base and Cu- base alloy, and for low alloy steels of
all thickness, radiographic film shall be very fine grain, high
contrast type such Class C4 as per EN 584-1 or Type 1 as
per ASTM E 1815.
 For all other materials and thickness combinations,
radiographic film shall be fine grain, high contrast type in
accordance with EN 584-1 Class C5 or ASTM E 1815 Type
II.
 The recommended films as follows:
 Fuji Industrial Film #100, #80, #50 or equivalent.
 Kodax Industrex AA, AX, MX125 or equivalent.
 Agfa Structurix D7, D5, D4 or equivalent.
 For welds subjected to Stress Relief, fine grain slow speed
e.g. Fuji#50, Agfa D4, Kodak MX or its equivalent shall be
used after Stress Relief.
 All radiographic films shall have a minimum width of 70mm.
Film widths shall be sufficient to depict all portions of the weld
joint, including the HAZs, and shall provide sufficient
additional space for the required hole-type IQIs or wire IQI
and film identification without infringing upon the area of
interest in the radiograph.
 Overlapping Film. Welds longer than 14 in. [350 mm] may be
radiographed by overlapping film cassettes and making a
single exposure, or by using single film cassettes and making
separate exposures. Minimum film overlap shall be 25 mm on
both side of each film.
 Film shall be checked for Fog Density. In order to avoid
unduly high fog densities arising from film ageing,
development or temperature, the fog density shall be
checked periodically on a non-exposed sample taken from
the films being used, and handled and processed under the
same conditions as the actual radiograph. The fog density

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shall not exceed 0,3. Fog density here is defined as the total
density (emulsion and base) of a processed, unexposed film.
7.2.2 Protection and care of unexposured film
 Unexposured films shall be stored in such manner that they
are protected from effects of light, pressure, excessive heat,
excessive humidity fumes or vapors, penetrating radiation.
Storage of film is on a "First in", "First out" basis.
 Films should be handled under safety light conditions in
accordance with the film manufacturer's recommendation.
 The loading bench, cassettes and screens shall be kept
clean and free from dirt, which may cause exposure or
processing artifacts in the radiographs.
 Film shall be handled only at their edges. All sharp bending,
excessive pressure and rough handling of any kind shall be
avoided.
7.2.3 Intensifying screens
Only lead screen can be used. It shall be placed intimately in
close contact at the front and back of the film. Fluorescent
intensifying screens shall not be permitted.
 Single film exposure:
 Front lead screen: Thickness is between 0.025 to 0.150
mm
 Back lead screen: Thickness is between 0.025 to 0.125
mm
 Multi film exposure, lead screens are contacted at front and
back of each film:
 Front lead screen: Thickness is between 0.025 to 0.150
mm
 Back lead screen: Thickness is between 0.025 to 0.125
mm
7.3 Penetrameter (Image Quality Indicator - IQI)
Penetrameter or Image Quality Indicator (IQI) shall be made of a
material, radiographically as dense as the material under examination.
Wire type Image Quality Indicator conforming ASME Code Section V
(ASTM) or equivalent will be used.

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Table 1: ASTM Wire Type IQI Designation, Wire Diameter and Wire
Identity

Set A Set B
Wire Wire Wire Wire
Diameter, in. mm Identity Diameter, in. mm Identity
0.0032 (0.08) 1 0.010 (0.25) 6
8.0 0.004 (0.10) 2 0.013 (0.33) 7
0.005 (0.13) 3 0.016 (0.41) 8
0.0063 (0.16) 4 0.020 (0.51) 9
0.008 (0.20) 5 0.025 (0.64) 10
0.010 (0.25) 6 0.032 (0.81) 11

Set C Set D
Wire Wire Wire Wire
Diameter, in. mm Identity Diameter, in. mm Identity
0.032 (0.81) 11 0.100 (2.54) 16
0.040 (1.02) 12 0.126 (3.20) 17
0.050 (1.27) 13 0.160 (4.06) 18
0.063 (1.60) 14 0.200 (5.08) 19
0.080 (2.03) 15 0.250 (6.35) 20
0.100 (2.54) 16 0.320 (8.13) 21

LOCATION AND FILM MARKER

Location marker of high atomic number metal such as lead in the form of Numeric shall
be used.
Location Markers, which are to appear as radiographic images on the film, shall be
placed on the part, not on the exposure holder/cassette. Their location shall be
permanently marked on the surface of the part being radiographed when permitted, or
on a map, in a manner permitting area of interest on a radiograph to accurately
traceable to its location on the part. Evidence shall also be provided on the radiograph
that the required coverage of the region being examined had been obtained.
To maintain trace ability of the defects in a weld for repair purposes, adequate
markings shall be provided. These makings shall not be moved during radiography of
the weld. A zero “0” marker shall identify the starting point at 12 o’clock position,
clockwise when facing toward the bow and the direction on the weld and shall be
marked with a permanent marker on the pipe surface as well as the film. Two type of
identification are required base on the pipe weld diameter.
 Pipe welds having nominal diameter above 3 inches shall have a
continuous marker band (metric) wrapped around the circumference of the
pipe. Alternatively, two markers may be used at the ends of weld portion and
they are represented for weld section in centimeter (from location – to
location).
 Films for pipe welds with nominal diameter 2½ inches or less, shall be
identify with marker such as “A” for the first, “B” for the second and so on. The
markers shall be lead type with approximate dimensions of 6 mm in height
and 1.5 mm thick.
Please see Appendix 2 – Radiographic Technique for reference.

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9.0 SOURCE TO SUBJECT DISTANCE

The source-to-subject distance shall not less than the total length of film being exposed
in a single plane.
The source-to-subject distance shall not less than eight times the thickness of weld
plus reinforcement and backing, if any, nor such that the inspecting radiation shall
penetrate any portion of the weld represented in the radiograph at an angle greater
than 26.50 from a line normal to the weld surface.
10.0BACK SCATTER RADIATION PROTECTION
Where backscatter is likely to occur, lead shielding shall be placed behind the cassette
to minimize scatter effects. Check on backscatter Radiation shall be as follows:
 A lead letter "B" (minimum dimension of 13 mm in height and 1.6 mm
thickness) shall be attached on the back of the outer surface of each film
holder or cassette.
 Light appearance of the letter "B" on the radiograph on a darker
background is evident of insufficient protection from backscatter thus
radiograph shall be considered unacceptable.
 A dark image of the letter "B" on the lighter background is not cause for
rejection.
11.0GEOMETRIC UNSHARPNESS LIMITATION
Geometric unsharpness (Ug) of the radiograph shall be determined in accordance
with:

Ug = Fd/D

Ug = geometric un-sharpness
F = source size, the maximum projected dimension of the radiating
source (or effective focal spot) in the plane perpendicular to the
distance D from the weld or object being radiographed, mm.
d = distance from source of radiation to weld or object being
radiographed, mm.
D = distance from source side of weld or object being radiographed to
the film.
Note: Refer to Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing SE-94 for a method of
determining geometric unsharpness. Alternatively, a monograph as shown in
Standards Guide for Radiographic Testing SE-94 may be used.
The geometric unsharpness of the radiographic shall not exceed the following values:
referred to T-285 ASME Code Section V.

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Item Material thickness, mm Ug Maximum, mm

1 Under 50.8 0.5
2 50.8 through 76.2 0.76
3 Over 76.2 through 101.6 1.01
4 Greater than 101.6 1.78

Material thickness is the thickness on which the penetrameter is based. The value in
mm table above is defined by 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
12.0USE OF IQI FOR RADIOGRAPHY
12.1 Selection of Penetrameter (IQI)
Refer to Section 8.3
12.2 Placement of Penetrameter (IQI)
Penetrameters shall be placed in contact with the piping or plate, across the
weld and perpendicular to the weld length.
Source-Side IQI(s): The IQI(s) shall be placed on the source side of the part
being examined, except for the condition described in paragraph below.
When, due to part or weld configuration or size, it is not practical to place
the IQI(s) on the part or weld, the IQI(s) may be placed on a separate block.
Separate blocks shall be made of the same or radiographically similar
materials and may be used to facilitate IQI positioning. The IQI on the
source side of the separate block shall be placed no closer to the film than
the source side of the part being radiographed. The separate block shall be
placed as close as possible to the part being radiographed. The block
dimensions shall exceed the IQI dimensions such that the outline of at least
three sides of the IQI image shall be visible on the radiograph.
Film-Side IQI(s): Where inaccessibility prevents hand placing the IQI(s) on
the source side, the IQI(s) shall be placed on the film side in contact with the
part being examined. A lead letter “F” shall be placed adjacent to or on the
IQI(s).
IQI Placement for Welds - Wire IQIs. The IQI(s) shall be placed on the weld
so that the length of the wires is perpendicular to the length of the weld. The
identification numbers and, when used, the lead letter “F” shall not be in the
area of interest, except when geometric configuration makes it impractical.
12.3 Number of IQIs.
Please refer to Appendix 2 – Radiographic Technique designate the
numbers of IQI use for each different exposure technique.
Penetrameter (IQI) Sensitivity
Radiography shall be performed with the technique of sufficient
sensitivity to display the essential wire of a wire type
penetrameter.

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Table 2: ASTM Wire Type IQI: IQI Sensitivity and Selection

Nominal Single-Wall IQI

Material Thickness Range Source side Film side
in. mm Essential Essential
Wire Wire
Up to 0.25, incl Up to 6.4, incl 5 4
Over 0.25 through 0.375 Over 6.4 through 9.5 6 5
Over 0.375 through 0.50 Over 9.5 through 12.7 7 6
Over 0.50 through 0.75 Over 12.7 through 19.0 8 7
Over 0.75 through 1.00 Over 19.0 through 25.4 9 8
Over 1.00 through 1.50 Over 25.4 through 38.1 10 9
Over 1.50 through 2.00 Over 38.1 through 50.8 11 10
Over 2.00 through 2.50 Over 50.8 through 63.5 12 11
Over 2.50 through 4.00 Over 63.5 through 101.6 13 12
Over 4.00 through 6.00 Over 101.6 through 152.4 14 13
Over 6.00 through 8.00 Over 152.4 through 203.2 16 14
Over 8.00 through 10.00 Over 203.2 through 254.0 17 16
Over 10.00 through 12.00 Over 254.0 through 304.8 18 17
Over 12.00 through 16.00 Over 304.8 through 406.4 20 18
Over 16.00 through 20.00 Over 406.4 through 508.0 21 20

13.0RADIOGRAPH DENSITY
Optical density, D, expressed as

D = log10 I0
Where: IT
I0 : is the intensity of the incident light
IT : is the intensity of the transmitted light

The transmitted film density through the radiographic image of the adjacent to
the designated wire of a wire IQI and the area of interest.
Density Limitations: + X-ray source : 1.8 ÷ 3.0 (± 0.05)
+ Gamma ray source : 2.0 ÷ 4.0 (± 0.05)
For composite viewing of double film exposure, each film of the composite set
shall have a minimum density of 1.3. The maximum density shall be 4.0 for
either single or composite viewing.
If the density of the radiograph anywhere through the area of interest varies by
more than minus 15% or plus 30% from the density through the adjacent to the
designated wire of a wire IQI, within the minimum/maximum allowable density
ranges specified in above, then an additional IQI shall be used for each
exceptional area or areas and the radiograph retaken.
The densitometer is available for density measurement. Densitometer DDS2 or
equivalent will be used. The densitometer shall be calibrated periodically every 2
month. Verification check shall be done at the beginning of shift, after 8 hrs of
continuous use, or after change of aperture whichever comes first.

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14.0QUALITY LEVEL OF RADIOGRAPH

All radiographs shall be free from mechanical, chemical or other blemishes to the
extent that they do not mask and/or are confused with the image of any discontinuity in
the area of the object being radiographed. Such blemishes include, but are not limited
to:
 Fogging.
 Processing defects such as streaks watermarks or chemical stains.
 Scratches, fingers mark, crimps, dirtiness, static marks, smudges or tears.
 False indications due to defective screens. Films, in which any of the
prescribed symbols, number or datum point marks is lacking, mistaken, or
retouched, shall be disqualified.
15.0RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE
A single-wall exposure technique shall be used for radiography whenever practical.
When it is not practical to use a single-wall technique, a double-wall technique shall be
used. An adequate number of exposures shall be made to demonstrate that the
required coverage has been obtained.
 Single-Wall Technique. In the single-wall technique, the radiation passes
through only one wall of the weld (material), which is viewed for acceptance
on the radiograph.
 Double-Wall Technique. When it is not practical to use a single-wall
technique, one of the following double-wall techniques shall be used.
 Single-Wall Viewing: For materials and for welds in components, a
technique may be used in which the radiation passes through two walls
and only the weld (material) on the film-side wall is viewed for
acceptance on the radiograph. When complete coverage is required for
circumferential welds (materials), a minimum of three exposures taken
1200 to each other shall be made.
 Double-Wall Viewing: For materials and for welds in components 1¼ to
3½ inches in nominal outside diameter, a technique may be used in
which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld (material) in
both walls is viewed for acceptance on the same radiograph. For double-
wall viewing, only a source-side IQI shall be used. Care should be
exercised to ensure that the required geometric unsharpness is not
exceeded. If the geometric unsharpness requirement cannot be met,
then single-wall viewing shall be used.
 For welds, the radiation beam may be offset from the plane of the
weld at an angle sufficient to separate the images of the source-side
and film-side portions of the weld so that there is no overlap of the
areas to be interpreted. When complete coverage is required, a
minimum of two exposures taken 90 0. to each other shall be made for
each joint.
 As an alternative, the weld may be radiographed with the radiation
beam positioned so that the images of both walls are superimposed.

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When complete coverage is required, a minimum of three exposures

taken at either 600 or 1200 to each other shall be made for each joint.
 Additional exposures shall be made if the required radiographic
coverage cannot be obtained using the minimum number of
exposures indicated in paragraph (1) and (2) above.
Please refer to Appendix 2 – Radiographic Technique.
16.0SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
The area to be examined shall be positively and unambiguously designated by Client
prior to examination. Location on area examined shall be traceable precisely on the
identifications on the radiograph. Lead Numeric and Alphabetic shall be used as
markers and shall be placed in manner without obscuring the area of interest. Marking
detail shall include:
 Project’s Name
 Contractor’s Name.
 Date of Radiograph taken.
 Drawing number for structural/ ISO. Line number for piping.
 Film location.
 Weld number.
 Welders stamp or stencil.
 IQI on the source or film side (if IQI on the film side, a letter “F” will be
added respectively)
 Pipe size
 As welded or PWHT
 Repair number if applicable (R-1, R-2, etc).
17.0FILM PROCESSING
It will be carried out manually or in an automatic equipment in such manner that is in
accordance with ASTM E-94, Part III Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing and the
Manufacturer's Instruction.
Process temperatures should be checked at least once per shift. Keep the temperature
of the Stop-Bath (Rising), Fixer and Wash Water within  3 0C of the developer
temperature.
Manual processing: Recommended manual processing procedure:
a) Developer:
AGFA GEVAERT G150 or equivalent.
Temperature 20 0C during 5 minutes.
Agitate the chemicals in order to mix it
The range temperature is 18 0C to 24 0C.
- With increase time 30 seconds by less degree
- With decrease time 30 seconds by more degree

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b) Rinsing:
In the stopping bath during 1 to 2 minutes or follows manufacturer's
recommendation. Acetic acid may be added to stop bath tank by an amount
of 2% to enhancing Rinsing effect.
c) Fixing:
The fixing solution G350.
Temperature of 20 0C  5 0C during 8 minutes and not excess 15 minutes.
Agitating during the first two minutes.
d) Washing
Under running filtered water. General washing at temperature from 16 0C to
30 0C.
e) Drying
Using automatic machine "AR 53" of P.L.S, or appropriated drying Cabinet.
The drying can vary from still air drying at ambient temperature as high as 60
0
C with air circulate by fan.
18.0FILMS VIEWER
The conditions under which radiographs are viewed are very important. To achieve a
luminance of the illuminated radiograph of 30 cd/m2, the luminance of the illuminator
needs to be:
3,000 cd/m2 for a film density at 2.0
30,000 cd/m2 for a film density at 3.0
The brightness of a viewing screen can be checked with an ordinary photographic
exposure meters, if a suitable light meter is not available.
Film viewer will be equipped with an internal fan to ensure the temperature within the
housing of the film viewer does not exceed 60 0C, or viewer equipped both an internal
cooling system (fan) and an automatic cut off switch, which will switch the viewer off
once the temperature within the housing of the viewer exceed 60 0C.
It shall be carried out by using the REMSCO Model No.: SB-900X (USA product) or
equivalent equipment sufficient to view a radiograph having 4.0 density maximum.
19.0ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
Interpretation of the radiographs and subsequence evaluation of any noted
discontinuity for acceptance shall be made by CANDT personnel qualified to an
CANDT’s Written Practice base on ASNT-SNT-TC-1A, ISO 9712, PCN, CSWIP Level II
or a Level III certification in RT or RI. In principle, all radiographs will be reviewed by
Owner and C.A.
Acceptance Criteria used for evaluation of radiographs shall be as specified in the
applicable referencing standards as designated in the Project Specification and Codes.
The acceptance criteria shall be shown on RT report.
 For structural and tubular structural weld shall be evaluated follow AWS D1.1

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 For piping shall be evaluated follow ASME B31.3

 For pressure vessel shall be evaluated follow ASME VIII Div II, para 7.5.3
20.0REPORTING
Report shall contain the following technique variable:
 Manufacturer/Client
 Project/Item Reference
 Identification No., Job Number, Weld Number, Welder ID., Dwg No., Isometric
Number, etc.
 Source Type and Size
 Film Brand and designation
 Screen used
 Examination date
 Technique number
 Average density
 Penetrameter used
 Material Type and Thickness range, diameter
 Minimum source to film distance
 Developing Chemicals
 Developing Temperature
 Developing time
 Welding Process/Acceptance Criteria
 Sensitivity
 Film Identification
 Judgment for Radiograph (Density, density variations…)
 Name of interpreter, Signature and Qualification
 Judgment result shall be describes as:
+ Kinds of defect
+ Accept or reject
The results of radiographic evaluation shall be recorded on the “Radiographic
Examination Report” form also attached in the appendix of this procedure.

Appendix 1 - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION REPORT

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QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CANDT

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Appendix 2 - RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Exposure Radiograph IQI

OD Source-Weld-Film Arrangement
Technique Viewing Q’ty Placement

Double
Wall: at At least
least 3 one IQI
Exposures image
at 120 deg. shall
3 in. or Single Source
to each appear
above Image Size
other for on each
Complete radio-
Coverage graph
(Contact
Technique)

Exposure Arrangement - A

Double
Wall: at Double At least
least 2 Image one IQI
Exposures (Ellipse): image
at 90 deg. Read shall
1¼ to Source
to each Offset appear
2½ in. Size
other for Source on each
Complete Size and radio-
Coverage Film Size graph
(Elliptical Images
Technique)

Exposure Arrangement - B

Double
Wall: at
least 3 Double At least
Exposures Image: one IQI
at 60 deg. Read image
or 120 deg. Superim- shall
1¼ to Source
to each posed appear
2½ in. Size
other for Source on each
Complete Size and radio-
Coverage Film Size graph
(Superim- Images
posed
Technique)

Exposure Arrangement - C

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Exposure Radiograph IQI

OD Source-Weld-Film Arrangement
Technique Viewing Q’ty Placement

Source
At least Size
three
IQIs,
spaced
Single Wall
Single appro-
Any (Panoramic
Image ximat-
Technique)
ely 120
deg.
apart
Film Size

Exposure Arrangement - D

Source

Source
At least Size
one IQI
Longi-
image
tudinal
shall
and Single
Single Wall appear
Plate Image
on each
Butt
radio-
Welds
graph

Film Size
Film

Exposure Arrangement - E

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CANDT