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  • 49- المسيحية عبر تاريخها في المشرق - (Christianlib.com)

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    This document is a discussion in Arabic between two individuals, Kandis and an unnamed person, about obtaining an ISBN number for a book. Kandis provides the ISBN number 9953-0-0026-3 and confirms it can be used for the book. They also briefly discuss the book's topic.

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    This document is a discussion in Arabic between two individuals, Kandis and an unnamed person, about obtaining an ISBN number for a book. Kandis provides the ISBN number 9953-0-0026-3 and confirms it can be used for the book. They also briefly discuss the book's topic.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    120 views923 pages

    49- المسيحية عبر تاريخها في المشرق - (Christianlib.com)

    Uploaded by

    Mario Magdy
    This document is a discussion in Arabic between two individuals, Kandis and an unnamed person, about obtaining an ISBN number for a book. Kandis provides the ISBN number 9953-0-0026-3 and confirms it can be used for the book. They also briefly discuss the book's topic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Devresse H., k patriarcat d'Antioche depuis la paix de l'ltglise jusqu'i la .+yl,Yl tilJl -_.1
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    Festugidre s.j., [.es moines d'Orient, Paris, 1960-1965.
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    de E.M. Laperrousaz, Paris, 1997.
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    Epiphane i Constantin, Paris, Nouvelle Cl6o, 4e 6d., 1994.

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    R. S. Bagnall, Egypt in Late Antiquity, Princeton, N. J', 1993, p'236 t' (\.
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    ff.; and D. I. Sly, Philo's Alexandria, London - NewYork 1996, p' 128-130' .'-_ill i E-_
    (\o

    i* ,-
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    lloly Family in Egypt, Cairo 1986.
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    I
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    A. S. Atiya, A History of Eastem-Christianlty, L,ondon^1968,.P'25 ff; and (\v
    C.W. biiggs, Early Egyptian Christianity, Leiden 1990, p' 19 ff' o!.rrJl j! -. --
    B. A. Pearson, "Earliest Christianity in Egypt: Some Observations", in : B' A' (\^
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    C. H. Robe*s, Manuscript, "society and Belief in Early Christian Egypt", The
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    Bowman, op. cit., p. 190 f. ; and Griggs, op .cit-, p.23 ff.
    Green, op. cit., p. 110; and Bowman, op. cit., p. 191; and Bagnall, op' cit', (Y.

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    Bowman, op. cit., p. 190 f. u-.rLL-\


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    Eusdbe, Historica Ecclesiastica IV, XXIX, 1-3; fpiphane, Panarion, 46.
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    Eusdbe, Historica Ecclesiastica lV, 23' (\Y

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    EusBbe, Historica Ecclesiastica Y, v,1-7 ' (\r
    '.r^ ^ !Sl- L.-r.! ,$r-i'L{11 l+:" )++ ilegio Fulminata) "urr' ll {-iJj
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    Eusdbe, Historica Ecclesiastica v' 24' (\'\
    EusEbe, Historica Ecclesiastica lV, 23' (\v

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    Pline le Jeune, Lettres, X, 96 el 97 ' (Y.

    Justin, Apologie I, 4; Ath6nagore, Supplique 2; Tertullien, Apolog6tique


    I[' (Y\

    8-9.
    ,,Maity.e de Polycarpe", 6d. H. Musurillo, The Acts of Christian Martyrs, (\\
    Oxford 1972,PP.2-2'1.

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    "Martyre des saints carpos, Papylos et Agathonice", 6d. H. Musurillo, op. cit., (\r
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    Eusdbe, Historica Ecclesiastica VI, XLI. (r.
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    J' R. Knipfing,"The Libelli of the Decian persecution", Harvard rheology
    Review, 72,1923, pp. 345-359.
    VI, XLI, 10,
    Cit6 par EusEbe, Historica Ecclesiastica. (yv
    Ir Martyre de Pionios, pr6tre de Smyrne,6d. L. Robert, washington 1994; (y^
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    Cit6 par Eusdbe, Historica Ecclesiastica VII, XI. 25. (\1
    Lactance, La mort des pers6cuteurs.13-15. (r.
    Justin, Apology I, 14. (r\
    Iertr rr.
    Aristide, Apology 15, 1. (r\
    Ath6nagore,Supplique,4-6 (rr
    Cit6 par EusBbe, Historica Ecclesiastica VII, XI, 6. (rt
    ,.--.- Cit6 par Eusebe, Historica Ecclesiastica IV, 26, 8. (r.
    Cit6 par Eusbbe, Historica Ecclesiastica Vll, XI, 7. (rl
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    lbid. (r^
    Ain.si Aristide. Apologie, 15, zl et 6; Justin, Apologie I, 15 et 29; Ath6nagore, (r1
    Supplique, 32-33; Th6ophile d'Antioche, A Autolycus, III, 3.
    Cl6ment d'Alexandrie, p6dagogue, IIl, 3.1-3g; Didach0, 4, g. (i.
    Tatien. Discours aux Grecs, 21-3. (t \
    Th6ophile d'Antioche, A Autolycus, II, 8; III, 30 (critique); II, 37-3g (accord), (iy
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    OrigBne, Hom6lie sur les Nombres, 18, 3. r . (

    Origdne. kttre i Gr6goire, 1-2; Hom6lies sur la GenEse, 11,2. (rl

    bg l.'..-: , :

    br:1r.".: -.
    crl^ tL. tl

    BP : Biblioteca Patristica, Firenze.


    CUF : Collection des universitds de France. paris.
    GCS : Griechische Christliche Schriftsteller. Berlin.
    PG : Patrologia graeca,Paris.
    SC: Sourceschrdtiennes,Paris.

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    Aristide, Apologia, 6d. C. Alpigiano,.BP 11, 1988.


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    :
    Tertullien, Apolog6tique, 6d. J. P. Waltzing, CIIF, 1929.
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    e'Ll;'l C:. : -.

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    denerstendrei Jahrhunderten, 4e 6d., Leipzi g 1 924.
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    1979.
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    Epiphane i Constantin,3e 6d., Paris 199-l (avec de larges bibliographies).

    BP : Bibi: :
    CUF: Coli::
    CCS; Grie.':
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    Paris, 1969, pp. 107-108.

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    A. Piganiol, L'Empereur Constantin, paris, 1932, pp. 65_75.
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    C6lase de Cyzique, "Syntagma", 1,5: G. Loshke, Das Syntagma de Gelasius (L
    Cyzicenus, Rheinisches Museum, LX-LXI, 1905-j906, texte post6rieur i
    351, date du miracle de la croix i J6rusalem qui y est mentionn6. A. pi-
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    (c

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    :
    J. Meyendorft, unit6 de I'Empire et divisions des chr6tiens, paris, 1993,
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    Source chr6tiennes, no 55, pp. 104-j07.
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    +-l-: Lactance, "De Mortibus Persecutorum", 33-34, Sources Chr6tiennes no 39,
    -!-
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    -- :) EusBbe, Histoire eccl6siastique, IX, 1, 3-6; cf. piganiol, l,Empereur CJn-
    ci:--:- stantin, pp. 54-57; et G. Da-tron, Empereur et pr6tre. Etude sur le
    ttc6saropapisme" byzantin, Paris,
    7996, p. 744.
    . r- e ;i :
    elJlJ*i.ll ,ort'i ,S.rttJtrJt ,G. Dagron (v
    -n - _:'
    ',. .i i-:- .- "Constantin le Grand. La saintet6 imp6riale", p. 141 s.
    4 _-- R. Teja, "ll cerimonjale imperiale", Storia di Roma, III il , L,eti tadoantica. (^
    J-_
    Crisi e Transformazione, Einaudi, Torino, 1993, p.619-624.
    narLn : ,-:
    P. Karlin-Hayter, "L'adieu ir l'Empereur", dans I-e Souverain
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    i Byzance et en (r
    Occident du VIIIe au Xe si0cle, Byzantion, LVI, pp. 112-157. Sur
    la "visibilit6" imp6riale comme dpiphanie, R. Teja, op. cit., pp. 624-629; et
    (). Dagron, Empereur et Pr6tre, 6yci
    ,JSL
    :
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    G. Stemberger, Juden und Christen im Heiligen Land, Paldstina unter


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    Tertullien, Adversus Marcionem, 6d. et trad. E. Evens, Oxford, 7972, l, (\\
    p.234.
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    Paris. 196:. ::
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    G. Dagron, Empereur et Pr6tre, op. cit., pp. 141-143 et note 3, p.369, avec J{.J.
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    G. Dagron, op. cit., p. 143. (\i
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    E. Paoli, LibEre, Dictionnaire historique de Ia Papaut6, Paris, 1994, (\o

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    J. Meyendorff, Unit6 de l'Empire, op. cit. p.21; A.H. Jones, The Later Ro- (\v F_ 1l dJcl -_. _---
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    .r:+Jl <...r3r criJl ,:'tlrsyJ ictJ.ll f*3 e9l o.ra .s.3r. (\^ J. MeyenJt':::. Ln
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    G. Dagron, op. cit., pp. 144-145. Source chretieo
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    .-i"Jl .,-iF.ll Lili. ^j t+:F i,S1tl lltcrlt ;i Yl ---.
    G. bugron, Empereur et Pr6tre, p.144. (\. Eusdbe. Histoirr ec,
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    P. Yannopoulos, "Le couronnement de I'empereur i Byzance: rituel et fond (Y\
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    y II. p. 1i>:
    ri, j*433 )l-- 1"... ,. ,6rJ,(-"ijl .r-4:Jl !t-6,;;LiLll fls-.ll ;J<J;i .r:r,* gi Ji;
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    ii f.d .,,S,i*++ Ji ,*SJ-;*i ,flrp; ,"* "*.i+i dYl,;i u4- u*jJJ .6Fy' EusEbe. Hist,-rirt t.
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    .+-r L:L* dj, ,:^r.r;ri clL 41 R. Teja. "1, :.:.- .:
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    A. Piganiol, L'Empereur Constantin, p' 35' (Yr
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    G. Dagron, Empereur et Pr6tre, op. cit., pp. 151-154 . (Yo
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    Ibid., pp.212-213. (Y1

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    1913,p.26. (\
    C. Bigg, Christian Platonists of Alexandria, Oxford,
    Justo L. Gonzalez, A History of Christian Thought, Abingdon Nashville, (\
    Parthenon Press, 1970, pp. 186-187.
    Birger A. Pearson, "The Roots of Egyptian Christianity", Studies in Antiquity (r
    and Christianity, Philadelphia, Fortress Press, 1992, p.145. Philo claims
    that there were at his time at least one million Jews (Flac. 43). The Jewish
    community of Alexandria in the Hellenistic-Roman period was the largest
    and most important of the Greek-speaking Diaspora.
    Justo L. Conzalez, A History of Christian Thought, Abingdon Nashville, (r
    r[ .-_ Parthenon Press, 1970, pp. 186-187.
    I l:-. : H.M. Gwatkin, Early Church History, London, 1909, vol. 2, p.1.55. (c

    J. Lebreton, History of the Primitive Church, London, Burns Oates & (1


    Washbourne Ltd, 1949, vol. 3, p. 731. Joseph Wilson Trigg says,
    [Alexandria was thus easily the greatest intcllectual center of the Roman
    Empire when Origen lived there. We have Alexandria to thank for Origen's
    compelling intellectual drive and his astonishingly wide interests.] Origen,
    SCM Press, 1985, p.7.
    De Viris Illustribus, 36. (v
    Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate: St. Mark and the Coptic Church, Cairo 1968, (^
    p. 61.
    1966,vol.2. (1
    Johannes Quasten, Patrology, Spectrum Publishers,
    Nelson, A New Catholic Comm. on the Holy Scripture,Thomas Nelson and (\.
    Sons Ltd, 1969,p.15.
    Against Celsus 3:15; Jean Dani6lou : Origen, NY, 10. (\\
    1955, p.
    3. (\\
    In Leirt, hom 11:
    John Ferguson, Clement of Alexandria, Twayne Publishers, NY, 1974, p. 15, (\Y
    Douglas, Dictionary of the Christian Churches, p. 26. (\t
    Aziz S. Atiya, History of Eastern Church, p. 33; Mourad Kamel, Coptic (\o
    Church, p.36.
    J. Lebreton, Ibid., p.132. (\1
    Fr. T. Malaty, The Divine Grace, Alexandria, 1992, p.30 ff. (\v
    Protrepticus, l:8 : 4. (\^
    Essays on Nature and Grace, Philadelphia, 1972, p. 52. (\1

    6. (\'
    St. Clement, Paidagogos, book 1, ch.2, scction
    Stromata, 1:6:27. (Y\
    Protrep. 1:8:4. (r\
    Vivian, p. 165; Feltoe: St. Dionysius : I-etters, pp.62-64. (\Y

    Quod non sint tres de (That they are not thrce Cods). (Yt

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    Fr. T. Malaty, The Terms: Physis and Hypostasis in the early church, (Yo

    Alexandria, 1987, p. 4.
    4u,: ,(allegory) q ,-.Jf+ A*LiJl ol ^ lL. ll q. J+--Jl L.3,: . ttl"p (Y1

    +-JlJl -i{ilJ
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    9*tl.rl!l :<ll |i!fr .J-y!,lrJYI1.ragIL:,..11 Justo L. G..... .--
    Philo (c. 20 BC.- c. AD. 50), the Jewish thinker and exegete, in whom that (YV Parthen.-: F::..=
    literature flourished, also lived in Alexandria. He belonged to a prosperous Birger A. Pe =:>-:.
    priestly family of Alexandria, and was firmly convinced that the teaching of and Christiani'
    the Old Testament could be combined with Greek speculation. His that there.::.
    philosophy of religion embodies such a synthesis. (Esmat Gabriel: "St. commu:.:. -: -

    Clement of Alexandria", Coptic Church Review, Spring 1980, v. 1, no. 1, and mos: :::' -
    p.22). Justo L. C.:::..:-
    De confus. ling. 190. (Y^ Parthen,--: ?:.=.s.
    De migrat. Abrah. 89-93; J.N.D. Kelly: Early Christian Doctrines, 1978, p. 9. (Yr H \1 3,..
    1990, p.23. J. Lebreton. HL.t,:,
    Orator 27. 94; Everett Ferguson, Encyclopedia of Early Christianity, N.Y, (r. Washbo::: . i ;

    1990, p.23. [AlexanC::. ..'


    & Co,1970, p.20.
    John MacQueen, Allegory, Methuen (Y\ Empire
    ".
    ::- l
    compellr::.:::
    Jean Dani6lou, From Shadows to Reality. Studies in the Biblical Typology (rY
    SCNI Pres.. - -i
    ofthe Fathers. p.69.
    Cf. M. Guttmann, Das Judentum und seine Umwelt, I, p. 252; Harry Austryn (YY

    Wolfson, The Philosophy of the Church Fathers, Harvard University Coptic Onh--:. '. ?
    Press, 1976,p.42. p.61.
    Harry Austryn Wolfson, The Philosophy of the Church Fathers, Harvard (rt .'. -:
    University Press, 1976, p. 43; cf. S. Davidson, Sacred Hermeneutics Nelson. A \e* Ca
    (18a3); F.W. Farrar, History of Interpretation (1886); G. H. Gilbert,
    Sons L;;. -::;.
    Interpretation of the Bible (1908); H. de Lubac, "Typologie et
    Allegorisme", Recherches de Sciences Religieuses, 34 (1947), pp.1,80-226; {g;
    J. Dani6lou, Sacramentum Futuri : Etudes sur les origines de la
    typologie biblique, 1950. John Ferg-s -. C
    Everett Ferguson, Encyclopedia of Early Christianity, N.Y, Garland (ro
    Publishing, Inc, 1990, p. 24.
    Aziz S, .A: ... Hir
    J. Dani6lou, "L'Unit6 des deux testame[ts dans l'reuvre d'Origdne", Revue de (11
    Church. : -::
    sciences religieuses, 22 - 1948, p. 45; Alexander Kerrigan, St. Cyril of
    Alexandria, lnterpreter of the Old Testament, Rome, 1952, p.26 ff.
    Cf. J. Dani6lou, Les divers sens de l'Ecriture dans la tradition chr6tienne (rv
    primitive (Ephemerides theologicae Lovanienses, 24), pp. t20-1,25.
    Brian E. Daiey, The Hope of the Early Church, Cambridge University 1991, (r^
    p.44.
    Stromata l:21; 2:19; 3:6; 6:3, 8; 7 : 3. (rl
    Clement d'Alexandria, Paris, 1944, p.154; Alexander Kerrigan: St. Cyril of (t.
    Alexandria, Roma, 1952, p.29.
    De Principiis,,4:2:4. (r\
    H. de Lubac, Histoire et esprit, Paris, 1950, p. 94. (r\

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    \ilr
    ,# Hr-i.*].ru u-hr \rA

    In Esaiam II:3:7; Boniface Ramsey, Beginning to Read the Fathers, Paulist (rr
    Press 1985, pp,36-37.
    In Lev. hom. 1:5;2:4. (tt
    In Lev. 9:6. (Lo

    Lubac, pp.297-302; In Num. hom. 16:9; De Principiis 1: 3. (r1


    Lubac, p. 315; Comm. John 32:18. (tv
    tl;r.Jr r-trll Comm. John23:46. (t^
    +: ;;triJl j;s Hom. Levit.4:8. (rl
    Hom. Jerm.39. (0.
    J -.1* -i1-'-all
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    .'rtrTl In Ezk. Hom 11:2. (o\
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    ! < : \Y Ibid., (.0


    On Jer. Ohm., 18:7-10; Carl A. Volz, Life and Practice in the Early Church, (o-\
    Minneapolis, 1990, p. 714.
    .,1
    ': ,.: Jii-Jl For more details see Fr. Tadros Y. Malaty, The School of Alexandria, (.v
    ---.. pLi Alexandria, 1995, pp. 122-156.
    -l''-- -J- 1-.. i Ibid., pp. 1,57-185. (o^
    '-.---J12
    Esmat Gabriel, "St. Clement of Alexandria", Coptic Church Review, Spring (01
    L980, v.1, no. 1., p.22.
    <- rr-L F. L. Cross, The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, Oxford (1.
    ::- Univesity Press, 1990, p.1102.
    Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Grand Rapids, 1980, (1\
    Eerdmans Publishing Co., vol. 2, p.353.
    The third letter on baptism addressed to Philemon the Roman Presbyte (1Y
    Eusebius : H.8.7:7; l-3.
    Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press Ltd, 1985, p. 52. (1r
    Stomata 4:8:66. (1t
    Paul Tillich, A History of Christian Thought, N.Y, 1968, p. 6. (10

    Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press, 1985, p. 67. (11

    Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press, 1985, p. 72. (1v


    Paul Tillich, A History of Christian Thought, N.Y. 1968, p. 7. (1^
    Ibid., pp.8-9. (11
    Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press, 1985, p. 61. (v.
    Paul Tillich, A History of Christian Thought, N.Y, 1968, p. 5. (v\
    Plato, Phaedrus24Tc; Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press, 1985, p.74. (v\
    Harry Austryn Wolfson, The Philosophy of the Church Fathers, Harvard (vr
    University Press, 1976, p. 14.
    Stromata4:5:18. (vr
    Karl Baus, From Apostolic Community to Constantine, N.Y, 1965, p.210. (vo

    Joseph Wilson Trigg, Origen, SCM Press, 1985, p.66. (v\

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    Bardy, G., Recherches sur Lucien d'Antioche et son r6cole, Paris, 1'936.
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    Syriac Perspectives on Late Antiquity, London, 1984, ch. 5.
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    Chabot, J.8., "L'6cole de Nisibe, son histoire, ses status", Journal asiatique IX' 8, cllj;'Y ,t*i; ;
    1896, pp. 43-93.
    tjrrY Lei-i - _ =

    Drijvers, H.J.W., "The School of Edessa: Greek learning and local culture", in J.W. :.,'^,;
    ;q-1 .l
    brijvers and A.A. MacDonald (eds.), Centres of l,earning: l,earning and Loca.
    !F !
    '-iiJ^' i -rl -r=-4:
    tion in Pre-Modern Europe and the Near East, Leiden, 1995, pp. 49'59'
    Duval, R., "Histoire politique, religieuse et litt6raire d'6,desse jusqu')r la premiBre Paulos Gregerr: :s l:
    croisade", Journaiasiatique VIII, 18, 1891, pp. 87-133,201'278,381-439; VIII'
    Unite ? Ge:,e:
    19,1892, pp. 5-102. \ .::
    Foundatior..
    FestugiBre, A. J., Antioche paienne et chr6tienne, Paris, 1959.
    R. Taft, Liturqr in
    Fiaccadori, G., "Cassiodorus and the School of Nisibis", Dumbarton Oaks Papers Aldershot' ' tc-'
    39, 1985, pp. 135-1.37. K. McDonnell. Tbc l
    Fiey, J.M., Nisibe, m6tropole syriaque, Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orienta- tarian and Crnm
    lium 388, Subs.54; Leuven7977. J--

    Habbi, J., "L'antica letteratura siriaca e la filosofia greca", in M. Pavan and U. Cozzo-
    li (eds.), L'erediti classica nelle lingue orientali, Rome, 1986, pp.49-55'
    Hayes, E.R., Lt6cole d'Edessa, Paris, 1930. S. Brock. The Luru
    Hermann, T.,"Die Schule von Nisibis vom 5-7 JH", Zeitschrift fiir die neu- (2nd ed.. \: '::
    testamentliche Wissench aft 25, 1 926, pp. 89 -1 22. te92).
    J. Flemmins. .{.I;rea
    Lieberschuetz, w., "Hochschule", in Reallexikon fiir Antike und christentum
    15,1991, cols 858-91 1, esP. 900-902. 1e17). p.:-
    Macina, R., "Cassiodore et l'6cole de Nisibe", [-e Mus6on 95,1982, pp.131-166' : -J,' ._ -s
    S. Brock, "Sr ::.;
    Macina, R., "L'homme d l'6cole de Dieu. D'Antioche h Nisibe : profil herm6neutique,
    th6ologique et k6rygmatique du mouvement scoliaste nestorien", Proche'Orient [Kottaran:' !- -

    chr6tien 32, 1982, pp. 86-124, 263 -301; 33, 1983, pp' 3 9- 1 03. Barhadbeshab:". -J.
    Orlentalis j. :
    Mattam, Mar Abraham, "The School of Nisibis-Edessa: the first theological university -:iu
    in Christendom", The Christian Orient [Kottayam] 6, 1985, pp. 30-39.
    Nelz, H.R., Die Theologische schulen der Morgenliindlschen Kirchen, Bonn,
    1916, ch. 3-5.
    .# rsr-tt ,lt
    Reinink, C., "Edessa grew dim and Nisibis shone forth: the School of Nisibis at the
    transition of the sixth-seventh century", in J.W. Drijvers and A,A. MacDonald
    (eds.), centres of l,earnlng: [,earning and Location in Pre-Modern Europe
    and the Near East, Leiden, 1995,pp.77-89.
    Schiublin, C., Untersuchungen zu Methode und Herkunft der Antiochenische
    Exegese, Bonn, 1974. [On the Classical Greek background to Diodore and Theo'
    dore's exegetical aPProach].
    Segal, J.B., Edessa, "The blessed City", Oxford, 1970. [General history of Edessa
    to 1 1441.

    christianlib.com
    cr.f,t,,jh"*l+- \1[

    voobus, A., The Statutes of the school of Nisibis: the syriac text
    edited, trans-
    lated and furnished with literary-historical comm"rtory, nup".,
    _a of the Es-
    tonian Theological Society in Exile 12, Stockholm
    ,1962. '
    vdcibus, A., History of the School of Nisibis, corpus Scriptorum
    christianorum
    orientalium 266, Subsidia 26; r-nuvain,1965.
    [Th; standard *o.r.1.
    Vcidbus, A., "Abraham de-Bet Rabban and his role in the hermeneutic
    traditions of the
    School of Nisibis", Harvard Theological Review 5g, 1965, pp.203-214.
    wallace-Hadrill, D.S., christian Antioch: a study of Earry christian
    Thought in
    the East. cambridge, 1982. (Has little specificilly o, the School oiantio"nl.
    wolska,w., Recherches surla-topographie chr6tienne de Cosmas Indicopleustes.
    Th6ologie et science au sixidmi sldcie, paris, 1962, pp.63-g4 (,'cosmas et
    l'ecole
    de Nisibe").
    Young, F., Biblical Exegesis and the Formation of christian culture,
    cambridge,
    1997. [An excellent study which includes the main Antiochene *riters
    ano rp'n_
    rem].

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    Ab16viations

    DHGE = Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de G6ographie eccl6siastiques


    DTC = Dictionnaire de Th6ologie catholique. ,.i 4fLJl s---: ,- c
    4l -r< Lettres ii
    HTR = Harvard Theological Review, L*'-i-:i:
    JTS = Journal ofTheological Studies. J ;r...rjl I l_.;_: *.
    PC = Patrologia Graeca (Migne).
    PL = Patrologia Latina (Migne).
    SC = Sources Chr6tiennes (6d. Cerf, Paris).

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    Sozomdne, Histoire eccl6siastique, SC, 306, Cerf, Paris. T. E. Pollard. 'l-:
    Th6odoret de Cyr, Histoire ecclt4siastique, (PG,82). G. L Presti:e. Grd
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    572-573.
    Ibid., par.7, pp. (L

    St' of Nazianza , "Ep. to cledonius the priest Against Apollinarius,,, (o


    -Gregory
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    Christology", Fifth Edition,
    (1
    A. and C. Black, Lonion, 1977, p.296.
    Collected by R. Abramowski, Z.N.T.W, 42 (1949),8. g. frg. 42. (v
    Collecte-d by R. Abramowski, Z.N.T.W. 42 (tg|g), E. g. frg. 19 : cf, (^
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    J.N.D. Kelly, Early Christian Doctrines, op. cit., p.303. (1
    c. J. Hefel6, A History of the councils of the church, vol. III, AMSpress (\.
    1972,reprinted from the edition of 1gg3, Edinburgh, pp.6 _7.
    Hardouin and Mansi, /i. cc, $ 29; Dorner, l. c. p. 52. (\ \
    C,J. H^ef_e]6,A History of the Councils of the Church, vol. III, op. cit., (\y
    pp.9-17.
    LfE --:'
    'St:.:::,--:e Socrat. Hist. Eccl. vii,29. (\r
    Mansi, t. v, p.573; Hardouin, t. i, p. 1331. (\,
    Cyril of Alexandria, Ep. vi, p.30; Ep. ix,p. 37, Opp.t.v, ed. Aubert; and in (\o
    Mansi, t. iv, p. 1014.
    rch-- Marius Mercat. 6d. Garnier-Migne, p. 757 sqq. (\1
    ' Marius Merc. /. c. p.770; Cyril. Opp. t. iv, p. 20; Tillemont, t. xiv, p. 31g. (\v
    St---:
    Hardouin, t. i, p. 7336; Mansi, t. iv, p. 1102. (\^
    .r*;<O-,i-, i; ..j (\1
    Marius Merc. /. c. pp. 789-801. (Y.
    L. H. 193 (Bazar of Heracleides). (Y\
    Rowan creer, "The Image of God and the prosopic Union in Nestorius,,, Bazar
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    of Heracleides in Lux,in-!-umine, Essays to honor w. Norman pittenger,
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    c.l. [ef9l6, A History of the councils of the church, vor. III, AMS press, (Yr
    1972, reprinted from the edition of 1gg3, Edinburgh, pp. tl_25.

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    Opp. / .c. Epist. I. pp. 1-19; in Mansi, t. iv, pp. 587-618. (Y1

    Mansi, t, iv, p. 883 sq. Works of Cyril, /. c. Epist. ii. p. 19 sq. (YV

    Cyril. Opp. l. c. Ep. iii, p.21; Mansi, /. c, p. 886. (Y^


    Cyril Opp. /. c. Epist. iv, p. 22; Mansi, l. c, p. 887 sqq, and t. iv, p. 659; (Y1
    Hardouin, t. i, p. 1273, and t. ii, p. 115; in German by Fuchs. l. c. S. 479 ff. .,1t^Jyl .p +11- ;:
    Pope St. Celestine Letter to St. Cyril of Alex., Fathers of the Church, vol. 76, (r.
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    C.J. Hefel6, A History of the Councils of the Church, vol. III, (r\ 1972, repr)r.'.t: :'.
    pp.28-34, AMS Press 7972, reprinted from the edition of 1883, Edinburgh. St. Athanasius. -L::
    Ibid., p.36. (rY Eerdmans. :;: -' :
    Evagrius, Hist. Eccl. i, 7. (rr
    Mansi t. iv, p. 1102; Hardouin, t. i, p. 1335. German in Fuchs, Bibl. Der (rr St. Gregorv o: \-
    Kirchenvers (Bd iii, S.592). N. & P. \. Fat
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    pp.40-44. Christolo-er ". F.:

    .r.:Y, ;JFJI I (.iJ,5, '',(,,.y1 C^+l t-ar":sl Cl r!"d;l iJLll <lt*Jl {- J*q (rv C.-. :
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    C. J, Hefel6, A History of the Councils of the Church, vol. III, p. 48, AMS (r^ frg.42.
    Reprinted from the edition of 1883, Edinburgh Press, 1972. Referring to Cf.
    Mansi, t.iv,p.1782; Hardouin, t. i, p. 1398; Fuchs, /. c. S.59. C. J. Hefele. -{ Hbrt
    Socrates, /. c. ; Schrockh in his kirchengesch (Bd. 18, S.235). (r1 1972, repri:'.t: ::
    Mansi, t. iv, pp. 1198-72071' Hardouin, t.i, pp. 1.410-1419. German in Fuchs, (t.
    /. c. S. 69 ff.
    C.J. Hefele. A Hist,
    Cf. Mansi, t. iv, p. 1770-1178; Hardouin, t. i, pp. 1387-1395. (r\ pp.9-17.
    C. J. Hefel6, A History of the Councils of the Church, vol. III, pp.47-58. (rY
    V.C. Samuel, The Council of Calcedon Re-Examined, Senate of Serampore (rY
    College, Madras, India, 1977, p.8, Cyril of Alera::-.'
    Ibid. (tL Mansi, t. ir. : - .

    St. Cyrit of Alex. "Letter to John of Antioch", Fathers of the Church, C.U.A. (to
    Press, Washington D.C., vol.76, 7978, par.3 pp. 148-149.
    Marius \1.::
    V.C. Samuel, The Council of Calcedon Re.Examined, Senate of Serampore (r1
    College, Madras, India, 7977, p. 11.
    Ibid., p.12. (rv
    Ibid., p.194. (1^
    Ibid., pp.71-13. (,1
    "I-:
    Rowan Greer. .
    St. Cyril of Alexandria, "Letter to Emperor Theodosius", Fathers of the (o'
    of Heraclei;.s :-
    Church, C.U.A. Press, Washington D.C., vol.77,pp.70-71. edited br R \. \1-
    V.C. Samuel, The Council of Calcedon Re-examined, pp. 14-15. (o\ F. Nau, [-e Ur re d
    Ibid., p. 15. (oY
    C.J. Hefeld. -{ HLsto
    Ibid.,pp.17-18. (or 1972. repr'.:'.::
    Ibid., pp. 1,9,20,24. (ot

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    p.22.
    Ibid., (o o

    Ibid., pp.30, 31. (01

    Ibid., P.69. (ov

    Ibid., pp.29-35. (o^

    J.N.D. Kelly, First Century Christology, - A and C. Black, London, 1977, (01

    5th Revised Edition.


    V.C. Samuel, The Council of Calcedon Re-examined, p. 69. (1'
    (1\
    Ibid.,p.5t.
    (1\
    Ibid., p.55.
    C.J. Hefel6, A History of the Councils of the Church, vol. III, p.345. (\r
    V.C. Samuel, The Council of Calcedon Re-examined, p. 84. (1t

    Ibid., pp.101-105. (10

    Ibid., pp.108 -114. (11

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    1) Gawdat Gabra, The Coptic Museum and OId Churches, Cairo,7993, p.37 f .
    2) A. Effenberger. in: Agypten. Schitze aus dem Wiistensand. Kunst und Ge-
    schichte der Christen am Nil, Exhibition: Gustav-Liibcke Museum, Hamm
    16 June-13 October 1996, Wiesbaden, 1996, p.32 f.

    3) M. Krause, Zur Datierung und Lokalisierung koptischer Denkmiiler. Das


    Tafelbild Bischof Abrahams, Zeitschrift fiir iigyptische Sprache und
    Altertumskun de 91 (1971) p. 106 ff.
    4) Gawdat Gabra, op. cit., p.39.
    5) Koptische Kunst, Christentum am Nil, Exhibition: Villa Htigel, Essen, May
    3-August 15, 7963 ; P. du Bourguet, L'Art copte. Petit-Palais, Paris, June
    17-September 15,1964.
    6) P. du Bourguet, Die Kopten, Baden-Baden 1967 ;H.Zaloscer, Die Kunst in
    Christlichen Agypten, Vienna/Munich 1974 ; A. Effenberger, Koptiche
    Kunst. .,igypten in Spiitantiker, friihbyzantinischer undislamisch er Zeit,
    Leipzig, 1979 ; A. Badawy, Coptic Art and Archaeology. The Art of the
    Christian Egyptians from the l-ate Antique to the Middle Ages. (Mass.)/
    London, 1978.
    7) H.- G. Severin, Friihchristliche Skulptur und Malerei in Agypten, in : B.
    Brenk (ed.), Spiitantike und friihes Christentum (= Propyliien Kunst-
    geschichte, supplementband 1) Berlin, 7977,243-253; idem, Zur Siid-Kirche
    von Bawit, MDAIK 33 (7977) 113-724; idem, Coptic Sculpture in Stone,
    CE7,p.2ll2-Zll7.
    8) A. Effenberger, op. cit., p.35, no. 33-40; Gabra, op. cil.,p.18.
    9) P. du Bourguet, "Mythological Subjects in Coptic Art", CE 6, p.1750 ff.
    10) P. du Bourguet, "Biblical subjects in Coptic Art", CE 2, p.382 ff.
    11) Gertrud J.M. Van Loon, "The Iconography of Jephtah. A Wall painting in the
    Sanctuary of the Old Church of St. Anthohy's Monastery near the Red Sea",
    in: M. Rassart-Debergh-J. Ries (eds.), Actes du IVe congrEs copte, I. Art
    et Arch6ologie, Louvain-La-Neuve, 1992, pp. 115-123.
    12) P. du Bourguet, "Christian Subjects in Coptic Art", CE 2, p. 526 ff .

    13) P. du Bourguet, "Hunting in Coptic Art", CE 4, p. 1258 ff .

    14) Gawdat Gabra, The Coptic Museum and Old Churches, Cairo, 1993, p' 69.
    1s) Ibid, p. 67.
    16) P. du Bourguet, "Symbols in Coptic Art" , CE 7, p.2160 ff .

    l7) H. Torp, Leda Christiana, "The Problem of the Interpretation of Coptic


    Sculpture with Mythological Motifs", Acta ad archaelogiam et artium
    historium pertinentia 4 (1969), 101-112.
    *i:f.a- :_ ;, 18) H.-G. Severin, "Coptic Sclupture in Stone", CE 7, p.2ll2 ft.
    I :.,:-: ; :-:- 19) Gawdat Cabra, The Coptic Museum and Old Churches, Cairo, 1993, p. 56.

    christianlib.com
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    20) H. G. Severin, Zur spdtantiken Bauskulptur im Jeremiaskloster, MDAIK 38


    (1982) 170-193; idem,,,Dayr Apa Jeremiah: Sculpture,,, CE 3, p. 776 f.
    ;
    H. Torp, "Le MonastBre copte de Baouit; quelques notes d'introduction",
    Acta ad archaeorogiam et artium historium pertinentia 9 (19s1) p. z,
    note 1; H.G. Severin, "Bawit: Archaeology, Architecture, and Scurpture,,,
    CE2, p.366f. 1) Garvdat G::::
    2l) A. Badawy, Coptic Art and Archaeology. The.Art of the Christian Egyp- 2) A. Effen:e::e
    schichte dr
    tians from the late Antique to the Middler Ages, Cambridge (Mass.)i
    16 JunE---:
    London, 1978, p. 176 ff.
    22) Gawdat Gabra, op. cit., p. 67.
    3) M. Krause. Zr
    Tafe lr..;
    zr) A. Badawy, op. cit., p.202, notes 199,202. Alte r: -:-r,
    24) Cawdat Gabra, op. cit., p.38. 4) Gawdat G"::r
    2s) M. H. Rutschowscaya, "Coptic Woodwork,,, CE 7, p. Z33Z. 5) Koptische Ku
    26) Jean-Luc Fournet, "L'inscription grecque de l'6glise al-Mu'allaqa. euelques 3-Augus: -
    corretions", BIFAO 93 (1993) p.237, notes 1,2. 1 7-Se::e:,r

    27) M. H. Rutschowscaya, Mus6e du Louvre. Catalogue des bois de l,fgypte 6) P. du Bo';::-e


    copte. Paris, 1986, p. 150 ff. Christlicbt
    28) Gawdat Gabra, op. cit., p.80 f. Kuns:..{q
    2e) M. Rassart-Debergh, "Coptic Mural paintings,,, CE 5, p. Ig72 ff . Leipzir. - i
    Christian I
    30) M, Rassart-Debergh, "Coptic Monastery paintings,,, CE 5, p. 165 ff. Londt i:. 1'
    31) P. du Bourget, "Bawit: Paintings", CEZ,367 ff. ; M. Rassart-Debergh, ..Dayr 7) H.- G. Sere:-:
    Apa Jeremiah: Paintings", CE 3, p. 77i ft. Brenk ,e;
    32) P. Van Moorsel, "La grande annonciation de Deir es-Sourian,,, BIFAO 95 geschic::;.
    (1ees) s77 ff. von Ba"r.'-
    33) CE 7. p. i-
    P. Van Moorsel, Treasures from Baramous, in: M, Rassart-Debergh, J. Reis
    (eds), Actes du IVe congris copte. I. Art et Arch6ologie, Louvain-La- 8) A. Effenber:er
    Neuve, 1992, p. 171 ff. 9) P. du Bourg::
    34) W. Godlewski, W. Naqlun lg}g-lgZ}, in : David W. Johnson (ed.), Acts of the 10) P. du Bours::e
    Fifth International Congress of Coptic Studies, vol.2lj., p. 1g9 ff. 11) Gertrud J.\f " ',
    35) A. Effenberger, in : Agypten. schiitze aus dem wiistensand. Kunst und Sanctu:n -
    Geschichte der_ christen am Nil, Exhibition, Gustav-Ltibcke-Museum, in: Nl. R:-.
    Hamm 16 June-13 October 1996, Wiesbaden,1996, p. 14g (no. 110). et Archeol
    36) M,-H. Rutschowscaya, La peinture copte, paris, 1992, p.5g f. 12) P. du Bourg:-e
    37) P. van Moorsel et al., Catalogue g6n6ral du Mus6e copte, The Icons, cairo, 13) P. du Bour:-t'
    1994.
    14) Gawdat Ga::i
    38) M. Rassart - Deberg, "Coptic Textiles", CE 7, p. ZZl0 tf. 15) Ibid, p. 6' .

    39) Gawdat Gabra, op. cit., p.75. 16) P. du Bours:.:'


    40) P. Ballet, "Coptic Ceramics,', CD 2, p. 4g4 ft. 17) H. TorP. Le;
    41) P. du Bourguet, " Art Survivals from Ancient Egypt,', CE 1, p. 290 ff. Sculpture 'i
    42) P. du Bourgu et, "Byzantine Influences on Coptic Afi,,, CE l, p.24t ff
    .
    historium p
    43) E. Krihnel, "Nachwirkungen der Koptischen Kunst im islamischen Agypten'', 18) H.-G. Ser er::"
    in: K. Wessel (ed.), Christentum am Nil, Recklinghausen 1964, p.'iSl t. 19) Gawdat Gab-
    44) M. Rosen-Ayalon, ,,lslamic Influences on Coptic Art,,, CE 4, p. 1310 ff.

    christianlib.com
    O !s, fJJr Yr1

    45) M. Rosen-Ayalon, "sassanicl Influences on Coptic Art,,, CE 7, p.2097 t.


    46) P. du Bourguet, "Syrian Influences on Coptic Art,,, CE 7,p.2195.
    47) M. Blanc-Ortolan, "Coptic Influencs on European Art,,, CE 1, p.213 ff .

    48) T. Raflery, "Irische Beziehungen zum Koptischen Agypten,,, in : K. Wessel


    (ed.) Christentum am Nil, Recklinghausen 1964, p. 260 ff.; M. Blanc-
    Ortolan; P. du Bourguet, "Coptic Art and Irish Art',, CE 1, p. 251 ff .
    49) M. Krause, " Libraries", CE 5, p. 1447 ff .
    50) A. Vaschalde, Revue biblique, new series 16,28 (1919) 220-243, 513-537;29
    (1920) e1-106, 247-258;30 (1e21) 237-246; 31 (1e22) 81-88;241-258 (Sa-
    hidic); Le Mus6on 43 (1930) 409-431(Bohairic), 46 (1933) 299-306 (Fay-
    yumic and Middle Egyptian), and 46 (1933) 306-313 (Akhmimic/
    Subakhmimic). Vaschalde's list is updated in W.C. Till, .,Coptic Biblical
    Texts After Valschalde's lists", in : Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
    42 (1959-1960) 220-240; and P. Nagel, Editionen koptischer Bibeltexte seit
    Till
    1960, in : Archiv fiir Papyrusforschung 35 (1990).
    5l) M. Krause, "Koptische Literatur" in : Lexikon der Agyptologie, III, Wies-
    baden, 1980, p. 700 ff.

    LJi. 52) Emmel, S. "Nag Hammadi Library", CE 6, p.1771 ff.


    53) T. Orlandi, Elementi di lingua e letteratura copta, Milano, 1970.
    - I r-L
    -)'- L!:
    54) De L.E. O'Leary, "Litt6rature copte," in: Dictionnaire d,arch6ologie chr6-
    tienne et de liturgie, vol. 9, pt.2, Paris 7907-1939, p. i5gg ff; M. Krause,
    - ---J op. cit., p. 694 ff; T. Orlandi,"Coptic Literature", CE 5, p. 1450 ff.
    . j-, I

    -l

    l-i ---.r- l-,J *l


    Abbreviations :
    t" '-_r JJ)
    BIFAO =Bulletin de l"Institut Frangais Oriental d,Arch6ologie du Caire,
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    u:
    1) G. Vantini, Christianity in the Sudan, Bologna, 1981, p. 33 f.
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    4) Adams, op. cit., p. 1801.
    lEte.: :: ::. -: -. Su-
    flr.: -- : --r >-r: 5) Vantini, op. cit., pp. 36-50.
    L - \ru.l*L.a. r.t<"qn!ts 6) V. Christides, "Nubia and Egypt from the Arab Invasion of Egypt until the End
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    7) P. Forand, "Early Muslim Relations with Nubia", Der Islam 48 (1972) p.127.
    8) Vantini, op. cit., p. 81 ff.
    9) W. Adams, "Nubian Church Organizationu, CE 6, p. 1813 f.
    10) : ;Ii:i L::Jl u*Lis iJto. Jc
    ti,rg.m*:. "'r ,, I . -'r- U. Monneret de Villard, L,a Nubia m6di6vale, vols. 1-4, Le Caire, 1935-7957;
    P.M. Gratkiewicz, "An Introduction to the History of Nubian Church Archi-
    , L ch.m"turr Za:m- tecture", Nubia Christiana I (1982) p. 43 ff.: and P. Grossmann, "Nubian
    Christian Architecture", CE 6, p.269 ff.
    11) I. Ryl-Preibisz, "Nubia Stone Architectural Decoration", in : T. Hagg (ed.), Nu-
    bian culture Past and Present, Uppsala, 1981 ,p.247 ff.; and W. Godlewski,
    "Remarks on the Art of Nobadia" (VVIII Century), in : M. Krause (ed.), Nu-
    bische Studien, Mainz, 1986, p. 269 ff.
    12) K. Weitzmann, Some Remarks on the Sources of the Fresco Paintings of the
    Cathedral of Faras, in: KuGN, pp.325-328.
    13) W. Godlewski, "The Early Period of Nubian Art. Middle of 6th-Beginning of 9th
    Centuries," in : Ch. Bonnet (6d.), Etudes nubiennes, vol. 1, Cendve, 1992,
    p.287.
    14) K. Michalowski, Faras, die Kathedrale aus dem Wiistensand, Zurich-
    Cologne, 1967.
    15) P. van Moorsel, J. Jacquet and H. Schneider, The Central Church of Abdallah
    Nirqi, Leiden,1975.
    16) S. Donadoni, "Les Fouilles i l'6glise de Sonqi Tino", in : KuGN, p.209 ff .

    17) M. Martens-Czarnecka, "Nubian Wall Painting", in : T. Hagg (6d.), Nubian


    Culture. Past and Present, Uppsala, 1987, p.261 ff .

    18) : ;i.ll ;iJl ,St JF J"+Jl ,JEl,j1i* rL ,rlJi


    "rrsJl ".,o1+tl
    M. M. Rassart, "Quelques consid6rations sur les rapports th6matiques et sty-
    listiques entre I'Egypte copte et la Nubie chr6tienne", in : A. Destr6e (6d.),
    M6langes Armand Abel, III, Leiden, 1978, p. 200 ff.; A. Leibundgut,
    "Methodenkritische Untersuchungen zum Problem des koptischen Einflusses
    auf die nubische Wandmalerei", in : R. Gundlach et al. (eds.), Der Sudan
    in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart, Frankfurt am Main, 1996, p.133 ff.

    christianlib.com
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    19) W. Adams, Nubia Corridor to Africa, London, 1977, p. 495 ff.; idem,
    Ceramic Industries of Medieval Nubia, 2 vols., Lexington, Kentucky,
    1986.
    20) W. Adams, Nubia, Corridor to Africa, London, 1977 , p. 484 f.

    2l) S. Jakobielski, Faras II[. Warsaw, 1972, p. 13 ff . 1) G. Vantini. Cb


    22) M. Krause, "Bischof Johannes III von Faras und seine beiden Nachfolger", in : 2) M. Krause. -Z
    Etudes nubiennes (= BibliothBque d'Etude, JFAO, vol.77) Cairo, 1973, 3) W. Adams. -E
    p. 163.
    4) Adams. o:. :l:
    23) B.G. Haycock, "Medieval Nubia in the Perspective of Sudanese History", Su-
    dan notes and Records 53 (1972) 26 ff; C. Det. G. Muller, "Die nubische
    5) Vantini. o:. --;:
    Literatur. Bestand und Eigenart", in : K. Michalowski (ed.), Nubia, r6centes 6) V. Christi;es.
    recherches, Warsaw 1975,p.93 ff. of the L':::
    24) 1991. ;:. -:-
    G.M. Browne, OId Nubian Texts from Qasr lbrim, vol. 2, London, 1989, vol.
    3, London,1991. 7) P. Forand. "Ea:
    8) Vantini. op. :::.
    9) W. Adams. "\
    Abbreviations: 10)
    CE =Aziz S. Atiya (ed.), The Coptic Encyclopedia, 8 volumes, New York, U. Monnere: :
    1991. P.M. Grr:..-
    KUGN = E. Dinkler (ed.), Kunst und Geschichte Nubiens in christlier Zeit, tecture". \u
    Recklinghausen, 1970. Christir:. .'r-*
    11) L Ryl-Preir.s:-
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    Cathedral ,:

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    15) P. van N1o::s:-
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    17) M. Martens-C:
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    1996.
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    glec en si:-!-
    Samir (1989) = Samir Khalil Samir, "Religion et culture en Proche-Orient arabe. pp.23l-ii-
    Islam et christianisme comme facteurs d'int6gration et d'6clatement", in : O'Learr (il1S
    Proche-Orient chr6tien 39 (1989), 251-309.
    (London. R:.

    christianlib.com
    #* JliJi. #* -1ll oYY

    lllttrtwl&; rumr Samir (1990a) = Samir Khalil Samir, "Islam et christianisme comme facteurs
    '"lliifiiiinlrutttirfi1r
    *t; d,int6gration et d'6clatement en Proche-Orient arabe", in : M6diterran6e'
    int6gration ou 6cl;tement. Aspects culturels, 6conomiques, juridiques et
    x'f*Tll politiques (Cagtiari: ISPROM & Aix-en-Provence : published, 1990), pp'\7-14'
    l$tlii,iliffi ,,,rrrnr Samir (1990b) = Samir Khalil Samir, "Christian Arabic Literature in the Abbasid
    Period," in : Religion, learning and science in the Abbasid Period (= The
    {illlir]Iftfllllltll
    cambridge History of Arabic Literature), ed. by Michael J. L. Young, J. D. Latham
    and R. B-. Serjeant (cambridge : cambridge university Press, 1990), pp. a46-460
    Lll|l

    liilli*Ililll'l illl
    et 545-546.
    Samir (1992a) = Samir Khalil Samir, "IJne apologie arabe du christianisme d'6poque
    umayyade' ?,,, in : Samir Khalil Samir (ed), "Actes du troisidme congrBs
    international d'6tudes arabes chr6tiennes", Louvain-la-Neuve, septembre 1988, in :
    Parole de l'Orient 16, 1990-1997 (1992), pp.85-106"
    Samir (1993 a) = Samir Khalil Samir, "Religion et pouvoir chez les th6ologiens arabes
    du IXe sidcle,,, in : L'utilisation de l'id6e de Dieu dans la soci6t6 du
    Moyen-Orient. actes du 3e symposium interdisciplinaire, Harissa, 26-28 mats
    1992 (Jounieh : Saint-Paul), 1993), pp.67-153 et248-249'
    Samir (1993b) Samir Khatit Samir, "Le syriaque langue de civilisation et pont entre
    =
    les cultures", in: Les liturgies syriaques. Actes du colloque l(Ant6lias : CERP,
    1993), pp.3-17.
    Samir (1994) = Samir Khalil Samir, The earliest Arab Apology for Christianity
    (c.
    zSO), in : Samir Khalil Samir & Jorgen S. Nielsen (Edd), Christian Arabic
    Apologetics during the Abbasid period 05aif58), (Leiden : Brill, 1994)'
    pp.51-1,14.
    Samir (1997) = Samir Khalil Samir, "Place d'lbn Al-Tayyib dans la pens6e arabe",
    in : Bayn al-Nahrayn 25 (1997), pp. 63-17.
    Sbath&Meyerhof(1938)=PaulsbathetMaxMeyerhof,..Lelivredesquestionssur
    I'ail de F.Iunain ibn Islraq", M6moires de l'Institut d'ltgypte, 36 (Le Caire, 1938)'
    Schacht & Meyerhof (1937) = JosePh Schacht et Max Meyerhof' The
    Medico-philoiopbical Controversy between Ibn Bu{l5n and Ibn Ridwdn
    (Le

    Caire,1.937).
    Sezgin, III (1970) des arabischen Schrifttums, III.
    = Fuat Sezgin, Geschichte
    Medizin-Pharmazie, Zoologie-Tierheilkunde. Bis ca. 430 H (Leyde : Brill, 1970)
    XXII + 515 Pages.
    Tartar (1985) = Georges Tartar, Dialogue islamo-chr6tien sous le calife al-Ma'mfin
    fsij-g3ai. Les 6fitres d'aiHashimi et d'al-Kindi (Paris : Nouvelles 6ditions
    latines, 1985), 303 Pages'
    ..Die arabische Uebersetzung des Petik des
    Tkatsch ('lg2g|= larostius Tkatsch,
    Aristoieles;, in : Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, philogisch-historische
    Klasse, Kommission fiir die Herausgabe der arabischen
    Band I (Vienne, 1928)'
    Aristoteles-Uebersetzungen,
    Troupeau (1991) = G6rard Troupeau, "Le.r6le des Syria-ques dans.-la transmission et
    patrimoine phitosophique et scientifique grec", in : Arabica 38
    l,lxploiiatlon du
    (1991), 1-10.

    christianlib.com
    oYr l*u-.1.llyJl d ,{*trtl i;+Xl gi;*].,*rl ,,r

    Troupeau & Sournia (1968) = G6rard Troupeau et Jacqueline (?) Sournia, M6decine Samir (199t-;r
    arabe : "biographies critiques de Jean Mesu6 (VIIIe s.) et du pr6tendu "Mesur6 le d'int6gr::r;:
    Jeune" (Xe s.)", in: Clio medica 3 (1968), 109-11"7. int6gration
    Ullmann (1970) = Manfred Ullmann, Die Medizin Im Islam (Leiden : Brili, 1970). politiques f
    Voobus (1965) = Arthur Voobus, "History of the School of Nisibis", coll. CSCO 266 Samir (i99,b
    (Louvain : Peeters, 1965). Period". .:
    Cambr:c== i
    Walzer (1953) = Richard Walzer, "New light on the Arabic translations of Aristotle",
    in : Oriens 6 (1953) 91-142, r6imprim6 dans idem, "Greek into Arabic. Essays on
    andR.B >
    et 545-,<:6
    Islamic Philosophy " (Oxford, 19 62), pp. 60-1 13.
    Samir (199i:
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    (813-E-14 .

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    F, H. Russel, The Just War in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1975), pp. 16-39, (\
    modified by J.S.C. Riley-Smith, "Crusading as an act of love", History 65,
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    C. Erdemann, The Origin of the Idea of Crusade, tr. M.W. Baldwin and (r
    W. Goffart (Princeton, 1977), pp.306-37I [originally, Die Entstehung des
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    H.E.J. Cowdrey, "Pope Urban II's Preaching of the First Crusade", History 55
    (7970), pp. 777-788; J. Gilchrist, "The Erdmann Thesis and the Canon
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    B. Z. Kedar (ed), The Horns of Hattin (Jerusalem and London, 7992), pp. 341-
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    J. France,Victory in the East. A Military History of the First Crusade
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    : ;tS L.rl . :;Y1-i,"1^'riYl !il+"'rl iJrL !rl:* fni (1

    G. Duby, The Chivalrous Society, tr. C. Postan (London, 1977), p. 120;


    G. Duby, La soci6t6 aux XIe et XIIe siicles dans la r6gion maconnaise
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    der Nestorianer yon Sulaqa bis 1700, Einsiedeln, 1966.
    A. Lampart, Joseph I 1681-1696. Ein Beitrag Zur Geschichte der (r^
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    SECoNDARY SoURCES (i+ul FlJl)
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    1, General works :

    Hornus, Jean-Michel. "Cent cinquante ans de pr6sence 6vang6lique au Proche- , i-rL-.jYl , --i
    Orient (1808-1958)". Cahier d'6tudes chr6tiennes orientales, 1,3. S6ries dans Foi
    et Vie 78 (1,979): 1-108.
    "The Lutheran and Reformed Churches" in, Religion in the Middle East :
    -, Three Religions in concord and conflict : 534-569. Edited by A. J. Arberry. i--ifSlt i_+ -'
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1969.
    protestantisme au Proche-Orient". Proche'Orient chr6tien 7 (1957) : 139- olJl.r:..,rt r;n J
    151; 8 (1958) : 37 -68, 243-262; I
    -r"Le (1959) t 42'55, 350'357;
    10 (1960) : 26-4\,
    146-16i;11 (1961) :235-253, 321-339;72 (1962) :255-269;1(1963) t 130-149; r.ro- i*-S :..
    1 4 (19 64) : 184-201, 307 -33 4 ; 1 9 (1 969) : 19 4 -219.
    Johnson, R. Park. Middle East Pilgrimage. New York : Friendship Press, 1958.
    Kawerau, Peter. Amerika und die orientalischen Kirchen : Ursprung und Anfang
    der Amerikanischen Mission unter den Nationalkirchen Westasiens. Walter
    De Gruyter & Co., 1958.
    Richter, Julius. A History of Protestant Missions in the Near East. l,ondon :

    Fleming H. Revell Company, 1910.


    Shaw, Plato E. American contacts with the Eastern churches, 1820-1870.
    Chicago : the American Society of Church history, 1937.
    Tibawi, Abdul-Latif. British Interests in Palestine, 1800-1901. Oxford University
    Press,1966.
    Walker, Mary A. "The American Board and the Oriental Churches". International
    Review of Missions 56 (1967):74-23.

    2. History of the Mission in Lebanon and Syria :

    Audeh, Farid. The Church of the Reformation in the Bible Lands : Past History,
    Present Activity, Future Destiny. Th. M. Thesis, Princeton Theological
    Seminary, 1953.
    Badr, Habib. Mission to Nominal Christians..., PhD Dissertation, Princeton Theo-
    logical Seminary, 1992.

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    ,g. ...- ,...ill vY1

    Saliba, Issa A. "Bible in Arabic : The Ninetcenth Century Protestant Translation".


    Mullim World 65 (1975) : 254-263.
    yl Scherer, Ceorge H. Mediterranean Missions, 1808-1870. Beirut : Bible Lands
    Union for Christian Education, 1932.
    Semaan. Wanis A. Aliens at Home. A Socio-Religious Analysis of the Protestant
    Church in Lebanon and its Background. Beirut : Longman, Librairie du Liban,
    1 986.
    Tibaw,i, Abdul-Latif. American Interests in Syria, 1800-1901 : A Study of Educa-
    tional, Literary and Religious Work Oxford : Oxfbrd University Press, 1966,
    _, "The American Missionaries in Beirut and Butrus Al-Bustani". in St. Antony's
    Papers 16 r Middle Eastern Affairs 3:136-182. Edited by Albert Hourani.
    jl London : Chatto & Windus, 1963.
    .J* I

    ,r.:!l-rJl
    .--: 3. Mission to the Armenians :

    --L -. -- -S a-; Arpec, Leon. The Armenian Awakening : A History of the Armenian Church,
    i+ 1820-1860. Chicago : The University of Chicago Press, 1909.
    Bedikian, A. A. The Rise of the Evangelical Movement Among Armenians. New
    i:_. York : Armenian Missionary Association of America, Inc., 1970.
    Chopourian, Giragos H. The Armenian Evangelical Reformation : Causes and Ef-
    fects. Ne"v York : Armenian Missionary Association of America, lnc., 1972.
    Tootikian, Vahan H. The Armenian Evangelical Church. Detroit : Armenian Heri-
    tagc Committee, 1982.

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    rr€tien, Ste-Anne, J. Corbon, (1992), "Une cat6chBse orthodoxe-catholique est-elle possible dans (^
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    lues publi6s par le .-Ugl l"id; ,iJJl l.l ,JL-ill
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    J. Corbon, (1gg}), "Un pas d6cisif vers I'unit6 de l''6glise d'Antioche", dans (\\
    [.r Courrier acum6nique, no 16, pp. 15-21.
    Courrier acum6nique (1997), Textes de la d6claration des deux patriarches (\r
    et du protocole, no 32,pp. 38-42.
    J. Corbon, (1993), "Le document de Balamand et son impact ecum6nique au (\r
    Proche-Orient", dans Proche-Orient chr6tien no 43, pp. 113-137.
    J. Corbon, (1996), "Accord catholique-orthodoxe sur trois questions pastorales (\r
    importantes", dans Courrier cecum6nique no 29-30, pp. 8-17.
    Fr. Bouwen (1993), "Le consensus christologique entre I'Eglise catholique et (\o
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    Corbon J., L'Eglise des Arabes, 6d. Cerf, Paris 1977 (6puis6). Patriarcat ccuni:.:
    Dans la collection Fils d'Abraham, 6d. Br6pols, Belgique, les monographies sur du Moyen-Orier
    les Arm6niens, les Coptes, les Grecs-melkites, les Maronites, les Orthodoxes, les Proche.
    Syriaques,
    \e\/
    t ! \ Y r ,- a
    La r6f6rence indispensable pour la chronique et les textes concernant l'acum6nisme -

    en Orient depuis 1951 est la Revue Proche-Orient chr6tien, Ste-Anne, J. Corbon, (19; . --
    J6rusalem, co-6dit6e i Beyrouth depuis 1992. les Eglises d -t:.
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    CEMO : Al-Montada (arabe), MECC-NewsReport (anglais) et Courrier
    acum6nique du Moyen-Orient (francais, depuis 1987, trois livraisons par
    an).
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    J. Corbon, (1993 . '


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