SUMMARY

06 FROM REFORMS TO RADICALISM

Teodoro A. Agoncillo (November 9, 1912 – January 14, 1985) was one of the pre-eminent
Filipino historians of the 20th century. He and his contemporary Renato Constantino were
among the first Filipino historians who earned renown for promoting a distinctly nationalist
point of view of Filipino history (nationalist historiography). He was also an essayist and a poet.

Life

Born in Lemery, Batangas, Agoncillio obtained a bachelor's degree in philosophy from the
University of the Philippines in 1934 and a master's degree in the arts from the same university
the following year. He earned his living as a linguistic assistant at the Institute of National
Language and as an instructor at the Far Eastern University and the Manuel L. Quezon
University. In 1956, he published his seminal work, Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio
and the Katipunan, a history of the 1896 Katipunan-led revolt against Spanish rule and its
leader, Andres Bonifacio. He garnered acclaim for this book, as well as criticisms from more
conservative historians discomforted by the work's nationalist, perhaps even Marxist bent.

In 1958, Agoncillo was invited to join the faculty of the Department of History of his alma
mater, the University of the Philippines. He remained with the university until his retirement in
1977, chairing the Department of History from 1963 to 1969. Philippine President Diosdado
Macapagal named Agoncillo as a member of the National Historical Institute in 1963. He served
in this capacity until his death in 1985.

Agoncillo's History of the Filipino People, first published in 1960, remains a popular standard
textbook in many Filipino universities, as are many of Agoncillo's other works. This is despite
Agoncillo's controversial tone and for his perceived leftist bent. Gregorio Zaide, Teodoro
Agoncillo, Reynaldo Ileto and Renato Constantino stand as the most prominent 20th century
Filipino historians to emerge during the post-war period. It must be noted however, that
Agoncillo's works suffer from uneven scholarship throughout, especially with his use (or
especially, non-use) of reliable historical sources.

Works
The Revolt of the Masses - (a biography of Andres Bonifacio)
Malolos Crisis of the Republic - (sequel to Revolt of the Masses which discusses the events from
Biak-na-Bato to the end of the Philippine-American War)
The Fateful Years - (Philippine history during World War II)
The History of the Filipino People
EL FILIBUSTERISMO SUMMARY
•El Felibusterismo is the second novel of Noli Me Tangere or the sequel of Noli Me Tangere
when we it translate in English version it is “Reign of Greed” while Noli me Tangere is “The
social cancer”.

• The El Filibusterismo it is allay for the priest the GOMBURZA, Father Mariano Gomez, Jose
Burgos, & Jacinto Zamora.
• In Genre the El Filibusterismo are less in Romantic, more on greediness, angriness, revolution,
and revenge while Noli Me Tangere is more on Romantic and Modesty,
• On October 1887 Jose Rizal wrote El Filibusterismo while he on Calamba Laguna.
• Jose Rizal Move to the Parish and then he revise some chapter of El Filibusterismo and then
he move again to Brazil because he don’t have enough money to sustain their novel and also
less of destruction.
• On September 18, 1891 Thee El Filibusterismo Publish in Belgium by the help of Valentin
Vintura.
• But before we proceed the Noli Me Tangere chapter are not complete because Jose Rizal has
not enough money to sustain the novel pages even if he lent on Money to Maximo Viola

Simon or in Real Character is Crisostomo Ibarra - he is the one who pursue the people to make
revolution against the Spaniards and also he is the main character of El Filibusterismo.
• Isagani - is the Boyfriend of Paulita Gomez.
• Kabesang Tales - he is the barangay captain the known for the name of matanglawin
• Don Costodio – The famous Journalism but before he become a famous Journalism he
married a girl who is on the high class because he wanted to become a high class status.
• Paulita Gomez – she is the girlfriend of Isagani but she objective Isagani because she think of
their mind that she don’t have a future of Isagani so that’s why she married Juanito Lopez who
has a rich of income.
• Father Florentino – the secular priest and also he is the godfather.
• Julia – the girlfriend of Basilyo and the daughter of Kabesang Tale.
• Placido Penitente – he don’t want to go to school but his mother pursue him to goto school
even due he is so smart.
• Quiroga – he dream to become a console of china or he want a position in the china
government.
• Tandang Selo – he is the one who take good care of Basillo when he is sick
• Father Fernandez – he is the one who promised isagani that he want to give all the want of
the student.
• Attorneyna Pasta – the greatest lawyer and powerful lawyer of mid-Hispanic Manila.
• Captain General – the power official of the Philippines