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 The study of relationship b/w physical (soil ,water,air) and organismal environment is called ecology
 Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical phenomenon in the environment.
 Types of pollution: air ,marine,water,noise,solid waste,radiation,Land,Thermal
 Pollutants :They cause pollution and measure in ppm for gas as ppm by volume for solid ppm by weight.
 Types: gaseous,Flurides, Metals,Complex organic,Photochemical oxidants,deposited matter,Solid waste and
economic pollutants (fertilizer,Radioactive,Noise,Heat) Biodegradable and non-biodegradable pollutants
 Contaminants :They cause deviation in normal composition of the environment.
 Source: a place from where pollutant orginates,Receptor:Any thing which is affected by the pollutant Sink:A
medium which retain and can interact with pollutant .Dissolved oxygen:The amount of oxygen in 1L water to sustain
life as 4-6mg/Litre. Biologicl oxygen demand:It is the oxygen needed to decomposed the organic matter in 5 days
and is measure of water pollution.
 Chemical oxygen demand :The measure of chemically oxygen in water needed for oxidation (Dichromate used)
 Threshold limit value:The level of toxic pollutant in environment where a person live for 8 days and not ffected.
 Synegism Vs Antagonsim: If one pollutant with other pollutant enhances the overall effect it is called synergism
(potentiation)while if they decrease the overall effect it is called antagosnism.
 Photo-chemistry:The interaction of radiation with matter producing chemical changes study in photochemistry.
 Meteology:The study of atmospheric phenomenon including physical forces(Heat,wind).
 Inversin Temperature:Normally T decrease with altitude but atmospheric alternation(ozone) can reverse this
situation It is called inversion of T. Types (i) subsidence inversion (due to pressure difference)(ii)Radiative inversion (iii)
Frontal inversion(due to collision of warmer air with cooler) (iv) Advective invesion(mass of warmer air move over cool air) .
 Intercepation Vs infiltration vs surface run off: When rain occurs in terrestrial area then some water got by
vegetation called interception while few water absorb in the earth called infiltration and few is evaporated called
reevaporation while few run on the surface called surface run off
 Evapotranspiration:Some time water lost by evaporation and transpiration is called evapotranspiration.
 Lotic vs Lentic water:The water which move called lotic while which not move called lentic
 Types of lake on the basis of Nutrient: (i) Oligotrophic (young) (ii)Eutrophic (medium ) (iii) Senescent(old)
 Types of lake on the basis of T: (i) Epilimnion (geadual T change) (ii) Thermocline(rapid T change)(iii)hypoliminion (constant T)
 Plants need N and P in dissolved form called ortho-phosphate
 Microorganism in water Azotobacteria/ Clostridium (fix atmospheric N2) Eaxmple: Riazobium
 Oxidation:Nitrosomonas convert ammonia to nitrite while Nitrobector nitrite to nitrate .
 Eutrophication (Well nourished) :The condition with excess algal growth which destroy the lake
 Lithsphere: The dry portion of earth with crsut,mantle and outer/inner core
 Edaphic factor :The soil is best ecological factor also called edaphic factor
 Pedology:The study of soil .the rocks broken into small particles called regoliths
 Humic acid: The water insoluble portion of organic matter include humic acid and fulvic acid
 Toxic elements: Cd,Hg(Minamata disease in japan),Pb,Arsenic are soft acids ,The Cd replace Zn from enzyme ,Pb reduce
heme production
 Co(reduce thyroxin),Mo(cause Cu deficiency.
 Kowashiorker It is caused by Cu and Se deficiency
 Air pump or Thermactor: it is used to control CO and H/C production
 Particulate :The small liquids particle along with liquid drops called particulate.
 Scrubber:The cleaning device which remove the solid using liquid
 Sampling of Atmospheric materials :filtration, Sedimentation, electrostatic sampler, Thermal precipitation and
Impingers (collect sample from moving particles)
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