TaD Electric Motor

You may use a print out of the specifications from the Tesla 75D as provided at “Onderwijsonline”
to answer these questions.

You must add this sheet (without any additional/ written notes) to the exam you hand in at the end
of the exam.

Question

Aa What kind of motor has Tesla used? [2pt]

Choose for:

 DC (Direct Current)
 BLDC (Brushless DC)
 AC-Synchronous
 AC-a-synchronous
 SR (Switch Reluctance motor)

Ab And explain your answer why they use this kind of motor [3pt]

B Why didn’t Tesla choose for one of the other options? [5pt]
Pick out two other motors and explain why they didn’t pick that one for propulsion.

The driver has used 60% of the battery capacity and charges his battery at home. The wall socket is
connected to one group (230V / 16A) of the house.

C How long does it take to recharge the battery up to 100%. [3pt]

Take in account the correct efficiency of the charger for this scenario.

D Tesla uses wheels with a dynamic radius of 350mm and the top-speed is
reached at 8000RPM, what is the total gear ratio of this driveline? [2pt]

E According to the specifications the maximum brake torque during regeneration [2 pt]
is 115Nm. How much brake Power does this make when we start using the motor brake
when the motor is running 4000RPM?

F Now work with 40kW for answer E ! [2 pt]

When it delivers the maximum regeneration current,
calculate the voltage the generator delivers

G This voltage is lower than the battery voltage [2 pt]

What do we need to do if we want to charge the battery
H Choose the right options to fill in the blanks. You can choose the options from the list below:

Stator Coils Rotary Field Brushless DC

Inverter Rotor Coils Permanent magnets

DC/DC converter Transistors Switch Reluctance

Space Vector Modulation Square waves A-synchronous

Capacitor Duty Cycle Synchronous

Inductor/ Coil Supercaps Brushes

You can get 5 pt max

Every AC motor needs a (A) to get a rotation from the rotor. This is produced by the (B) and (C) is/ are
a method to achieve this. The three (D) have a phase shift of 120 degrees. When we use (E) we need
rare earth metals, a (F) or (G) motor doesn’t have this disadvantage. To connect the boardnet with
the High Voltage battery we need a (H) and the main component are (I,J,K)

I With a Megger the insulation between the battery and chassis is measured, it is 180k at the
plus side and 0,5M on the minus side.
a Why did they use a Megger instead of a Normal Multimeter [2 pt]
b Is the insulation sufficient? [2 pt]
Answer sheet

Q Calculation/ Numeric Answer

Explanation When needed
Aa
2 AC-a-synchronous Motor

Ab No rare earth metals

3 Good torque at the start
Easy to control
B DC motor
 Brushed (difficult with high current)
5  Torque drops with engine speed
 High efficiency in a narrow area
 Higher maintenance costs/ complex
BLDC
 No self starter
 It can get unstable at high loads (motor / generator )
AC-synchro
 See BLDC, it’s the same principle
SR
 Lower Torque
 More noise
 Is no self starter

For each good reason reason 1 point, maximum 5 points

C Max Power 230 x 16=3680 W (¿ 3,8 kW seetext ) [1]

60 %∗75 kW 11,8 / 12,2 (2pt)
3
=12.2 h∨11,8 [1] 12,4 / 12,8 (3 pt)
3.68 kW
When not taking in account 60% this is 20,4 or 19,7 h [0]
Efficiency is 95% => time is 12,8h of 12,4h [1] 19,7 / 20,4 (1pt)
or time is 21,5h of 20,7h for 100% [1] 20,7 / 21,5 (2pt)
When using 60% (or 40%) of 8h => 1 point (many do so…)
D Perimeter = π∗2∗0,300=2,2m [0]

3 225 4,7 (2 pt)

Wheel rotation speed is : 2,2=28 Hz or 1700 RPM
3,6
[1]

Gear ratio 8.000/ 1700 = 4,7 [1]

E T =115 Nmn=4000 RPM In de exam was written 8000RPM (?)

96 kW (2 pt)
2 P=T = 2∗¿ ( 8000
60 )∗115=96 kW

F I m=200 A See specifications

P 40.000
P=U x I =¿U = = =200 V 200 V (2 pt)
I 200
2

G
We need a rectifier + DC/DC converter
2 pt Only a DC/ DC converter is a good answer…

H A Rotary Field Draaiveld

½ pt B Inverter Inverter

For C Space Vector Modulation Space Vector Modulation

Each D Stator Coils Stator Spoelen

Good E Permanent Magnets Permanente magneten

Answ. F Switch Reluctance Switch Reluctance

Max G a-synchronous a-synchroon

5 H DC/ DC converter DC/ DC converter

pt I Coils Spoelen

J Capacitors Condensatoren

K Transistoren Transistors

Ia
A Megger uses a much higher voltage 200- 1000V that we need to have a sufficient
2 pt current through the high insulation resistance.

Ib
Maximum battery voltage is 450V
2p Insulation minimum 500/ V so this is minimum 225 k

So 180k is too low, 0,5M= 500k = OK

When the student takes another voltage e.g. 300V R min = 150 k both insulations are OK
1 pt (But the student gains 1 point instead of 2)