1.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR: An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that measures the distance of a target object
by emitting ultrasonic sound waves, and converts the reflected sound into an electrical signal. Ultrasonic waves
travel faster than the speed of audible sound. Ultrasonic sensors have two main components: the transmitter (which
emits the sound using piezoelectric crystals) and the receiver (which encounters the sound after it has travelled to
and from the target). Ultrasonic transducers operate at frequencies in the range of 30–500 kHz for air-coupled
applications. As the ultrasonic frequency increases, the rate of attenuation increases. Thus, low-frequency sensors
(30–80 kHz) are more effective for long range, while high-frequency sensors are more effective for short range.

2.PI CAMERA: The Raspberry Pi Camera Board is a custom designed add-on module for Raspberry Pi hardware. It
attaches to Raspberry Pi hardware through a custom CSI interface. The sensor has 5 megapixel native resolution in
still capture mode. In video mode it supports capture resolutions up to 1080p at 30 frames per second. The camera
module is light weight and small making it an ideal choice for mobile projects. This Pi Camera module can attach to
the Raspberry Pi's CSI port using 15-pin ribbon cable.

3.RASPBERRY PI: The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor
or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of explore
computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python . One can use Raspberry Pi to
construct a typical desktop personal computer. The hardware includes Raspberry Pi, a micro SD card with an
operating system installed, a constant power source, and an output display device like an old monitor or television. It
is also essential to have a USB mouse and keyboard.

4.GPS: The global positioning system (GPS) is a network of satellites and receiving devices used to determine the
location of something on Earth. Some GPS receivers are so accurate they can establish their location within 1
centimeter (0.4 inches). GPS receivers provide location in latitude, longitude, and altitude. The Global
Positioning System (GPS) has changed the way the world operates. This is especially true for marine
operations, including search and rescue. GPS provides the fastest and most accurate method for mariners to
navigate, measure speed, and determine location.