Revision Sheet

ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
Management Revision Notes

for RBI Grade B Exam

Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

RBI GRADE B REVISION SHEETS

MANAGEMENT SECTION
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Organization:
• An organisation is a group of people working together to achieve the common
organisational goal (viz., production of goods or service) with the help of people,
machines and materials.
• Examples of an organisation are family, university, bank, Municipal Corporation,
government, army, etc.

Organization Behaviour:

• Organisational Behaviour is the study and application of knowledge about how

people act within organisations
• It is a human tool for human benefits
• It applies to the behaviour of people at work in all types of organizations: public,
private, cooperative sector, commercial or service organisations.

Fundamental Concepts in Organisational Behaviour:

1. Every individual is different:

2. Every individual is a complete person:
3. Human behaviour has cause-effect relationship:
4. Every individual has self–esteem:
5. An organisation is a social system:
6. Mutual interests are inter-dependent:
7. A total view of organisation:
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

Behaviour Model for Organisational Efficiency:

• Organisational behaviour is a study and application of managerial skills and
knowledge to people in the organisation to investigate individual and group
behaviour.
• Various concepts and models in the field of organisational behaviour attempt to
identify, not only the human behaviour but also modify their attitude and promote
skills so that they can act more effect
• Leader must be able to describe, understand, predict and control individual
behaviour in the organisation.

Approaches of Organizational Behaviour:

Following are the important approaches of organisational behaviour

1. The Inter-Disciplinary Approach

• This approach states that in order to study the organisational behaviour, it is
necessary to understand the interactions and interdependence between the
various aspects of human life.

2. The Human Resources Approach

• This approach states that the management of an organisation should support
training and development of employees, since it yields better results.
• This leads to employee and organisation growth.

3. The Systems Approach:

• This approach looks upon the management as a ‘System’ with various sub-systems.
• The attention should be given to overall effectiveness of the system rather than
effectiveness of any sub-system in isolation.

4. The Contingency Approach:

• This approach states that each situation should be dealt uniquely, with special
thinking and decision making.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

• The various approaches to the study of organisational behaviour have given rise to
different models.

Models of Organisational Behaviour

The autocratic model

• This model assumes that authority of superiors and obedience is central to results.
• Obedience of subordinates is due to two reasons: respect for knowledge and fear
of punishment in case of disobedience.

The custodian model:

• This model assumes that organisational behaviour depends upon economic
resources. Employees work for money and job security.
• The management takes the role of guardian and custodian of their employees and
their wealth.

The supportive model

• This model assumes that management plays role of supportive leadership.
• Employees show an initiative and drive for performance through their involvement
and participation in the organisational activities.
• Employees need support, status and recognition for their performance.

The collegial model

• The model is based on the assumption that the main need of employees is self-
actualisation and they exhibit responsible behaviour.
• The management must build teams and encourage participation in decision
making.

The SOBC model

• It is based on the philosophy that ‘human behaviour is caused and follows the
cause-effect relationship’.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

• SOBC stands for Stimulus, Organism, Behaviour, Consequence

PERSONALITY:
• The term “personality” is derived from the Latin word ‘persona’, which means
“Mask”.
• According to Gordon W. Allport, Personality is the dynamic organization within the
individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments
to his environment.
• It can be defined as the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and
interacts with others.

Dimensions of Personality:

1. Traits
• Traits are relatively permanent characteristics of personality which compel an
individual to behave consistently across different situations

2. Motivation:
• Psychologists widely believe that for a person to engage in some particular
behaviour the presence of motivation is a must.
• This dimension of personality includes all those motivational activities which while
directing a person towards the target, give rise to specific patterns of behaviour.

3. Temperament
• Temperament is the third main dimension of personality.
• It refers to the sum total of the emotional and affective tendencies of the person.
Sensitivity, irritability, nervousness, pleasantness are some of the adjective used
to describe temperament.
• .

4. Character
• By character we mean moral excellences.
• As a dimension of personality character signifies the morality or immorality in the
person.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

• It is the learned aspect of personality and is acquired through process of

socialisation.
• It is also known as conscience.

The Big Five Model of Personality:

• The Big Five Model, also known as the Five-Factor Model, is the most widely
accepted personality theory held by psychologists today.
• The theory states that personality can be boiled down to five core factors, known
by the acronym OCEAN
• The "big five" are broad categories of personality traits.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

Image credit: simplypsychology.org

CONCEPT OF REINFORCEMENT:

• Reinforcement is a term used in the context of behavioural analysis and in a

specific kind of intentional behaviour change known as operant conditioning.
• It is a process of increasing the incidence of a measurable behaviour.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

PERCEPTION:

• Individuals are exposed to varieties of stimuli of the environment.

• They process these stimuli and interpret them. The process of receiving
information and making sense is known as perception.

PROCESS OF PERCEPTION:

• The model of process of perception describes four stages.

• The model can be understood through input-throughput-output approach.

Stage 1:
• It describes perceptual inputs.
• Perceptual inputs encompass all stimuli that exist in our environment including
information, objects, events, people etc.
• The perceiver receives these inputs.

Stage 2:
• It describes perceptual mechanisms or throughputs.
• This is the transformation of perceptual inputs to outputs.
• It involves the three processes of selecting, organising, and interpreting the stimuli
that are in the environment.
• Though all individuals go through the same three steps, while transforming the
perceptual inputs to outputs, they differ in how do they select, organise and
interpret stimuli based on their own personality predispositions and biases.

Stage 3:
• Perceptual outputs are derived through the processing of perceptual throughputs.
• These include one’s attitudes, opinions, feelings, values, and actions. Perceptual
errors may adversely affect the outputs.
• Hence, managers should enhance their perceptual skills.

Stage 4:
• Behaviour is a resultant factor.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

• The perceiver’s behaviour, in turn, generates responses and these reactions give
rise to a new set of inputs.

THEORY OF ATTRIBUTION
• Attribution is an important concept for understanding perception, as it is related
to judging the causes of others’ behaviour.
• An inaccurate attribution may lead to inaccurate perception.
• Attribution theory tries to explain the ways in which we judge people differently,
depending on the meaning we attribute to a given behaviour.
• It suggests that when we observe an individual’s behaviour, we attempt to
determine whether it was internally or externally caused.
• That determination, how-ever, depends largely on three factors: (1)
distinctiveness, (2) consensus, and (3) consistency.
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets
Organizational Behaviour Management Revision Sheets

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