MIXED USE PROJECT, KOTHRUD, PUNE

LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

LIGHTNING PROTECTION SPECIFICATION

FOR

MIXED USE BUILDING PROJECT A+C, KOTHRUD

PUNE

ARCHITECT
SANDEEP SHIKRE & ASSOCIATES

Issue:15 December , 2022

Project No.0150

Grune Designs Pvt. Ltd.

603, Lodha Supremus,

Saki Vihar Road, Powai,
Andheri, East. Mumbai - 400 072
Phone : 022-49736555 / 49731555
www.grunedesigns.com
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Building details:
Building Configuration
Total Number of floors:Basement 3+Basement 2+Basement1+Ground +20 Floors

For the purpose of risk assessment, annual thunderstorm days at Pune are 22.(Vendor to select as per software
output)
Project comes under protection level II, however vendor / bidder to carry out risk analysis on
software and submit along with the bid. Provided drawings are as guideline only.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS- SPEC LPS R0

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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Lightning Protection System Using Structural steel

1. As per IS/IEC 62305-3 & NBC-2016

General - There are no devices or methods capable of modifying the natural weather phenomena to the
extent that they can prevent lightning discharges. Lightning flashes to, or nearby, structures (or lines
connected to the structures) are hazardous to the structures, their contents and installations as well as to
lines. This is why lightning protection measures are essential

Lightning Protection System shall be in accordance with IS IEC 62305-3 & NBC-2016. Lightning Protection
consists of external Protection for the building with Air termination, Down Conductors and Earthing and
Internal protection for power lines with Surge Protective devices.

Generally lightning between cloud and ground creates failures. How ever inter-cloud and intra-could
lightning also can create potential differences and failures in electronic installation. More than 95 % of
Lightning strikes are of Negative impulse and less than 5 % are of positive impulse. Positive impulses are
mainly due to dry lightning in cold areas.

Current parameters as per IS/IEC 62305 and the effects of lightning are as below

Lightning Protection Level

Current Parameters Symbol Unit Effect
I II III IV
First positive Impulse
Peak Current I kA 200 150 100 Mechanical
Impulse charge QSHORT C 100 75 50 Thermal (arc)
Specific Energy W/R MJ/Ω 10 5.6 2.5 Mechanical & Thermal
Average Steepness di / dt kA / µS 20 15 10 Surges and flashover
Time Parameters T1 / T2 µS / µS 10/350
First Negative Impulse
Peak Current I kA 100 75 50 Mechanical
Average Steepness di / dt kA / µS 100 75 50 Surges and flashover
Time Parameters T1 / T2 µS / µS 1 / 200

Damages from lightning strike are due to Peak Current (I), Charge (C), Specific Energy (W/R) & Rate of
change of current (di/dt). Lightning protection is designed to take care of these effects of lightning and hence
the following parameters shall be strictly followed.

Effect of Lightning on External LPS (Air termination, Down Conductor and Earthing)
Effects on air-termination systems arise from both mechanical and thermal effects. Effects on down-
conductors are thermal effects due to resistive heating & mechanical effects in parallel conductors and in
Bends. The real problems with earth-termination electrodes are linked with chemical corrosion and
mechanical damage caused by forces other than electro dynamic forces.

Sizing and fixing of Materials are selected to handle the mechanical and thermal effects. Bends in down
conductor shall strictly NOT be at 90 degree (right angles) & should have a curved path of 45degree
bend. Earth electrodes are selected based on the current handling capacity up to 1 second. To avoid
corrosion problems as explained in IS/IEC 62305 (clause E.4.3.4 and E.5.4.3.2), GI is strictly not
recommended inside concrete and in soil.

Effect of Lightning on Internal LPS (SPD’s for POWER, DATA lines etc)
Effect on internal LPS is mainly due to coupling and the rate of change of current. Due to Very high d i/dt of
the first negative stroke. The expected problem is the response time of SPD and the voltage drop in the
connecting wires. SPD’s at the incoming panels shall have a response time less than 1 nano sec & shall be
of BUSBAR Mounted type to avoid connecting wire length.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS- SPEC LPS R0

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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

LPL (Lightning Protection Level)

LPL is a number associated with a set of lightning current parameters relevant to the probability that the
associated minimum & maximum values do not exceed the normally occurring lightning. LPL can be
determined by Risk analysis as explained in IS IEC 62305-2 or can be selected based on the guideline in
NBC-2016.

Application LPL*
Computer Data Centers, Military Applications, Nuclear Power Stations, High raise 1
Hotels/Hospitals, airports, essential services such as telecom towers
EX-Zones in the industry and chemical sector, Low raise Hospitals & Hotels, fuel retail outlets, 2
gas station, compressor station etc
Schools, Banks, Residential Buildings, Temple, Churches, Mosques 3/4

LPL levels, probability and basic design consideration:

Class of MINIMUM MAXIMUM Interception Rolling Mesh Down
LPS Lightning Lightning probability sphere size Conductor
current current radius (m) (m) Spacing
1 3 kA 200 kA 98% 20 5*5 10
2 5 kA 150 kA 95% 30 10*10 10
3 10 kA 100 kA 88% 45 15*15 15
4 16 kA 100 kA 81% 60 20*20 20

Protection angle w.r.t Height

Class of LPS
80

70

a0 60

50

40

30

I
20

10

0
10 20 30 40 50 60

H m

Air termination system:

Material, Configuration and Minimum cross sectional area of air terminal & down conductors - Air
Termination mesh conductor and down conductors: 8 mm Aluminium alloy round conductor (50 mm 2). Air
Termination Rod: 10 mm, 16 mm & 40 mm solid Aluminium rods (combination of sizes) (tubes are not
allowed)

Striking Pads: Stainless steel striking pads should be used above roof connected with RCC column.
Distance between Striking pads should meet the requirement of IS 62305 with rolling sphere method
and level of protection.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS- SPEC LPS R0

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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Joints / Connectors / Fixing materials:

Connection materials Connector type GI fixing materials
Aluminium to Aluminium Aluminium or SS Are not allowed
Aluminium to Steel SS

Earth Termination Conductor: 10 mm solid copper coated steel conductor (100 microns min coating).Earth
Termination Joints in soil: Exothermic welding
LPS material & condition for uses as per NBC 2016(clause 11.5.5)
Sr.no Material Use Corrosion
In Open In Earth In Resistance Increased May be destroyed
Air Concrete by by galvanic
coupling with

1 Copper Solid Solid Solid Good in Sulphur ---

Stranded Stranded Stranded many compounds
-- As coating As coating environments Organic
materials
2 Hot Galvanized Solid Solid Solid Acceptable in High Copper
steel 2),3) and 4) Stranded5) Stranded5) air, in chlorides
concrete and content
in benign soil
3 Steel with electro- Solid Solid Solid Good in Sulphur
deposited copper many compound
environment
4 Stainless steel Solid Solid Solid Good in High
Stranded Stranded Stranded many chlorides
environment content
5 Aluminium Solid Unsuitable Unsuitable Good in Alkaline Copper
Stranded atmospheres solutions
containing
low
concentration
of sulphur &
chloride
1) This table gives general guidance only. In special circumstances more careful corrosion
immunityconsiderations are required.
2) Galvanized steel may be corroded in clay soil or moist soil.
3) Galvanized steel in concrete should not extend into the soil due to possible corrosion of the steel just
outsidethe concrete.
4) Galvanized steel in contact with reinforcement steel in concrete may, under certain circumstances,
causedamage to the concrete.
5) Stranded conductors are more vulnerable to corrosion than solid conductors. Stranded conductors are also
vulnerable where they enter or exit earth/concrete positions. This is the reason why stranded galvanized steel
is not recommended in earth.

LPS material, Configuration & Minimum cross-section area of Air termination conductors & rods , earth lead I
rods & down conductors as per NBC 2016(clause 11.5.5)
Sr.No Material Configuration Minimum Cross-section Area mm2

1 Tin plated copper Solid tape 50

Solid round2) 50
Stranded2) 50
Solid round3) 176
2 Aluminium Solid tape 50
Solid round 50
Stranded 50
3 Aluminium alloy Solid tape 50
Solid round 50
Stranded 50
Solid round3) 176

DOC: GD-EL-LPS- SPEC LPS R0

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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

4 Copper coated aluminium alloy Solid round 50

5 Hot dipped galvanized steel Solid tape 50
Solid round 50
Stranded 50
Solid round3) 176
6 Copper coated steel Solid tape 50
Solid round 50
4)
7 Stainless steel Solid tape 50
Solid round4) 50
Stranded 50
Solid round3) 176
1) Mechanical & Electrical characteristics as well as corrosion resistance properties shall meet the requirements
of the IEC 625621 series
2) 50mm2 (8 mm diameter) may be reduced to 25 mm2 in certain application where mechanical strength is not
anessential requirement. Consideration should in this case, given to reducing the space between fasteners.
3) Applicable for air-termination rods and earth lead-in rods. For air-termination rods where mechanical
stresssuch as wind loading is not critical a 9.5 mm diameter, 1 m long rod may be used.
4) If the thermal and mechanical considerations are important, then these values should be increased to 75 m

NOTE: GI material for earthing shall not be used as per the recommendation in IS/IEC62305

Tall buildings – For buildings more than 60 meters height, top 20% of the height of the building shall be
protected with a lateral air termination system. This is needed because the probability of flashes to the
side is generally more for structures more than 60 meters in height. More importance need to be provided
to Corners, Edges and significant protrusions such as balconies. Metallic handrails/ Aluminium frame of wall
cladding if used in balconies shall be conned to air termination / down conductors.

In PEB / Steel buildings where GI sheet roofing, air termination mesh / Rod shall be directly mounted on
the sheet. Fixing materials used shall be in good electrical contact with the sheet, shall not create water
leakage.

No drilling is allowed in the terrace for fixing the air terminal, if the roof is made of concrete. Parapet
wall is exception to this.

Air terminal holder:

Concrete Roof structure: Conductors shall be securely fixed on the terrace by means of concrete air
terminal holders with suitable fixing materials which is fixed on the roof by adhesive or cement mortar taking
care of varying weather conditions. Plastic air termination conductor holder is not allowed. The minimum
height of this air terminal holder shall be 50 mm to avoid the contact of conductor with water.

Recommended fixing distance of air terminal and down conductors

Recommended distance
Arrangement
TAPE / Strip ROUND
Horizontal conductor on horizontal surface 500 mm 1000 mm
Horizontal conductor on vertical surface 500 mm 1000 mm
Vertical conductor from Ground to 20m height 1000 mm 1000 mm
Vertical conductor above 20m height 500 mm 1000 mm

If antenna, Chillers or any other roof top electrical equipment is present in terrace, the same shall be
protected by using vertical air terminal after calculating the safety or separation distance. The vertical air
terminal has to have suitable supports to hold it. Wind speed need to be taken into account. Vertical air
terminal must be connected to horizontal air terminal by using suitable connectors.

At the crossings of the horizontal air terminals, suitable Cross connector has to be used.

Safety or Separation distance is not required for LPS using structural natural

components.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Joints and Bends

The lightning protective system shall have few joints as far as possible have to be straight. Where it is not
possible, it should NOT be bent at 90 degree (right angles) & should have a curved path of 45degree bend.

Down conductor system

Copper coated steel conductor embedded inside columns will work as down conductor and equipotential
bonding conductor during lightning.

Test joints - Not required as allowed in NBC-2016

Earth Terminations - Ring earthing or Foundation mesh earthing included in the earthing section will
serve the purpose of lightning protection earthing.

NOTE: Galvanised steel (GI) as earthing material shall not be used.

As per site constrain, below foundation earthing is not feasible, however, onsite inspection if assessed by vendor
can propose the same with earthing methodology for under foundation earthing.
Currently as per design Type A, external ring earthing is proposed. This should comply to NBC requirement of
Part 8 as“
11.5.3.6 Where large numbers of people frequently assemble in an area adjacent to the structure to be protected,
further potential control for such areas should be provided. More ring earth electrodes should be installed at
distances of approximately 3 m from the first and subsequent ring conductors. Ring electrodes further from the
structure should be installed more deeply below the surface, that is, those at 4 m from the structure at a depth of
1 m, those at 7 m from the structure at a depth of 1.5 m and those at 10 m from the structure at a depth of 2 m.
These ring earth electrodes should be connected to the first ring conductor by means of radial conductors. “

Arrangement in the ring to be made by vendor for connecting functional, protestive and LPS to form a single main
earthing terminal ring as required by IS 732. Note function earthing and protective earthing is part of electrical
contractors scope and LPS vendor to work in conjunction with the requirement for electrical installation and
supervision of electrical installation with reference to earthing compile to IS 732 and IEC 62305.

Lightning recorders - At least places in the air termination mesh a lightning recorder suitable to record
date and time of each strike, tested as per IEC 62561 shall be used. The recorder shall be digital type
with replaceable battery with minimum 3 years life. The minimum measuring current is 1KA (8/20)
and the maximum is 100 KA (10/350). The recorder shall be outdoor type, IP65 and shall be able to
record date, time and no of strikes.

Quality and Confirmations - All materials and accessories shall be tested as per IEC 62561 for its
mechanical / corrosion resistant / electrical conductivity. Vendor shall provide test reports along with
completion certificate. GI (Hot dip Galvanised or zinc electroplated) fixing materials and fasteners are
not allowed.

Execution:

Building with plastic waterproof membrane: The installation need to be carried out before installing
the waterproof membrane, preferably below PCC. The earth conductor shall run under waterproof
membrane as a grid of 10 meter by 10 meter. The grid shall be extended up to floor level outside the
plastic membrane at every 10 meter. All joints shall be exothermically welded and in addition wrapped
with corrosion protection bandage. Puncturing of water proof membrane is not permitted in case if this
“under foundation earthing” is not carried before laying the waterproof membrane.

Buildings without waterproofing: In case of raft / mat foundation which is in electrical contact with
soil (without water proof plastic membrane) earth conductor running throughout the RCC as a mesh of
10 meter X 10 meter exothermically welded in all joints, connected to foundation steel at every 5 meter
with a tested connector and every 1 meter with braid wire need to be installed.

Buildings with foundation other than raft / mat foundation: the earth conductor shall run throughout
the interconnected plinth beam. Plinth beam at the outer wall / perimeter of the building shall have earth
studs at every 10 meter for the purpose of ring earthing interconnections.

Down Conductor for Lightning Protection as well as Bonding conductor for electrical

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

installations (RCC Building): The dedicated copper coated 10 mm solid round conductor shall run
inside columns on the periphery of the building and must be connected to the reinforced steel available
in the columns will serve the purpose of down conductor for lightning protection as well as base for
Equipotential bonding in every floor of a multi-storeyed building. If the distance between 2 columns are
lesser than 5 meter, alternate columns shall be selected to route the down conductors. If the distance
is more than 10 meter, all the columns shall be used for down conductor routing.

Provisions for interconnection of metal frame of wall cladding shall be provided at every 5 meters in
vertical and horizontal sections based on the architectural design. Training for making this
interconnection shall be provided to façade supplier / installer.

Down Conductor for Lightning Protection as well as Bonding conductor for electrical
installations (PEB Building): Steel Columns and / or metal façade interconnected to foundation
Conductor through earth stud / foundation bolt satisfying the requirements of IS/IEC 62305 need not
require separate down conductor.

Testing of Down conductor: Structural earthing used as a part of lightning protection system,
overall resistance shall not be more than 0.2 ohm when measured between the air
termination and the earthing test point provided at the ground level.

Testing of Earth conductor as supplementary PE: Structural earthing used as supplementary PE

conductor, overall resistance of each stud shall be measured, fault clearance time of switchgear need
to be established and expected heat generation in cables as well as earth stud / conductors during a
fault has to be calculated. This data becomes the primary date for electrical safety in thebuilding.

Vendor should make arrangement for connecting façade with LPS down conductor via studs using
flexible braded conductor or as approved by IEC.

Air termination system: Air termination system (Horizontal/Vertical) in the roof shall be according to
Lightning Protection Level specified in NBC 2016. The air termination system consisting of vertical rods
and/or mesh shall be connected to the structural conductor through earth studs provided at the parapet
/ columns of the building. For this purpose, sufficient earth studs with provision of mechanically strong
connection need to be provided at the parapet / wall / column at the top of the building. Air termination
system shall be installed strictly after completion of the installation of all roof mounted electrical / metal
installations.

For building with metal roof, the air terminal shall be directly connected to the steel roofing sheet with
special leak proof screws. Bonding of roof steel and structural support columns shall be ensured by
installing braided wires at every 10 meters

Installation, Testing and Certification: The total installation need to be carried out by an UL listed
Lightning Protection Installer as per IS/IEC 62035. The installation also need to be tested and certified
by a qualified lightning protection expert as specified in IS/IEC 62305 with more than 10 years’
experience.

Testing and Verification of Electrical Installation

Electrical system shall be tested and verified for safety and functionality as per IEC 60364-6 / IS732
part 6. All tests specified in these standards shall be conducted by a separate company other than the
electrical contractor. Test reports shall be filled in model forms provided in Annexure E, F and G of IEC
60364-6 (Or annexure QQ and RR of IS732). Model forms attached are informative.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Need for Verification:

Statistics shows more than 50 % of fire in buildings is due to electrical short circuit in Low Voltage
system. In some Indian states / cities it is more than 70%.

Every installation shall be verified during erection, as far as reasonably practicable and on completion,
before being put into service, in order to prevent or mitigate fire, business interruption or personal injury
risks associated with fixed electrical installations. Typical electrical installation comprises of main
electrical switchgear, transformers, generators, distribution boards, control panels and associated
electric wiring, control system wiring etc. Faults in these electrical installations often result in fires and /
or costly production downtime and causing serious personal injury, sometimes fatal. Protective devices
are selected and installed based on IEC 60364 / IS732.

Standards and Regulations:

Inspection and verification of low voltage electrical installation shall be done as per IEC 60364-6. IS 732
(Code of practice for electrical wiring installations) is based on IEC 60364. IS 732 gives the rules for the
design, erection, and verification of electrical installations. The rules are intended to provide for the
safety of persons, livestock and property against dangers and damage which may arise in the
reasonable use of electrical installations and to provide for the proper functioning of those installations

Inspection and verification shall ensure safety of electrical distribution system in the entire facility from
electrical fires, unintentional failures / accidents, find out neutral circulating currents if any, ensure TN
-S system is adopted properly, ensure low fault voltage, ensure heat produced in conductors during
fault are with in its limits.

Initial and periodic inspection: Initial verification shall precede testing and normally be done prior to
energizing the installation. The inspection shall be made to confirm that electrical equipment which is
part of the fixed installation is

• In compliance with the safety requirements of the relevant equipment standards (by
examination of the manufacturer’s information, marking or certification)
• Proper selection and erection of electrical system according to IS732 / IEC 60364 series
andtaking into account the manufacturer’s instructions
• No visible damage or defect so as to impair safety.

Periodic inspections and tests to be carried out on existing fixed electrical installations is to identify any
deterioration which could either impair safety or increase the risk of a fire. Deterioration can occur due
to

• Overloading (over current and over voltage)

• Ageing, wear and tear
• Physical damage
• Corrosion
• Environmental causes

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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Earthing System

Introduction: An effective earthing system shall offer safety, voltage stability of the electrical system,
equipotentialisation, shielding and lightning current dissipation.

Earthing system shall be designed and installed in such a way that the following functions are met.

• Fire due to short circuits are completely avoided

• Electric shock hazard inside the building is not allowed
• Touch and step potentials outside the building are negligible during normal and fault conditions, lightning etc.
• Fault clearance at the final circuit in case of 230 volt fault is cleared within 0.15 seconds in dry conditions and
0.032 seconds in wet conditions.
• Earthed equipotential bonding shall ensure touch voltages between two simultaneously accessible metal parts
are less than 30 volts during normal condition and during fault.
• Automatic disconnection of supply shall happen without over heating of conductors and other electrical parts in
the building

Earthing system also shall confirm the following regulation and standards

• IS 3043 – Code of practice for earthing

• IS 732 - Code of practice for electrical wiring installations
• IS 11353 - Guide for uniform system of marking and identification of conductors and apparatus terminals
• NEC 2011(SP30) – National Electric Code
• NBC 2016 – National Building Code
• IEC 60364 - Low-voltage electrical installations - Fundamental principles, Protection for safety, Selection and
erection of electrical equipment, Requirements for special installations
• CEA regulations for Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply 2010.

TN-S with double earthing for transformer, electrical panels and major equipment satisfying shall confirm negligible fault
loop impedance so that enough fault current flows to ensure automatic disconnection of supply within the prescribed
time. Touch potentials during normal and fault conditions shall be lesser than 30 volts. The system also ensures that
there is no neutral circulating current.

System design

The system is designed as TN-S system with PME - Double earthing.

The building is divided into different equipotential bonding zones. Every zone will have an MET or a SEBT. All exposed
and extraneous conductive parts shall be connected to this equipotential bonding bars assigned to the zone as below.

Main Earthing Terminal (MET) - The terminal or bar which is the equipotential bonding conductor of protective
conductors, and conductors for functional earthing, if any, to the means of earthing.

Supplementary equipotential bonding terminal (SEBT) - Equipotential boning bar for the purpose of touch voltage
reduction for a given area. It is also called as earth marshaling bar (EMB)

Protective conductor - Also called as protective earth conductor (PE) shall have color green and yellow as per IS
11353. Protective conductor shall be sized as per table 6 in IS3043 depending upon the application. The following table
provide information on recommended minimum conductive area of PE conductor based on fault current and application.
This table is informative. Recommended size of PE conductor for a given application is also mentioned.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Expected Recommended minimum Size of

Expected fault clearance
# fault current Protective conductor in sq mm
time - 1 second
in kA Steel Aluminium Copper
2
Current density in amps / mm 80 126 205
Temperature in deg C 500 325 395
Bare Conductor along 80 1200 700 400
with cable tray or Busbar 65 750 550 350
1 trunking with out 50 650 400 250
touching the tray / 35 500 300 200
trunking. 25 350 200 150
2
Current density in amps / mm 49 90 136
Temperature in deg C. 160 deg C. (PVC cable
Bare Conductors on the 80 1700 900 600
cable tray / busbar 65 1400 750 500
2 trunking or insulated 50 1100 600 400
Conductors along with 35 750 400 300
other cables 25 550 30 200
2
Current density in amps / mm 76 115
PVC considered with an initial temperature of 70 deg C and final
temperature of 160 deg C
Protective Conductor as 50 700 500
3 a Core in Multicore 35 NA 500 350
Cables 25 350 250
Eg. Installation with expected fault current of 85 kA (1 second), where PE conductor is GI tape fixed on cable ladder.

MET to main panel Marked with yellow / green colour

Joints in the PE conductor shall be made in a way that contact resistance is equal to the resistance of the conductor.

PE conductor shall start from the MET and run throughout the installation interconnecting every exposed and extraneous
conductive parts.

Protective Multiple Earthing as grid (PME grid) – Primary function of PME grid is to reduce fault loop impedance and
to reduce touch potentials during fault. The PME grid also functions as functional earthing of the L.V electrical system.

To ensure low fault loop impedance, loop resistance of the PME grid shall be measured at every interval during erection.
During commissioning, fault loop impedances and prospective fault current shall be tested by the earthing vendor as per
IEC 60364-6 to ensure fault clearances with in the specific time.

PME grid consists of additional conductor installed inside RCC column along with rebar. PME grid is created at various
locations where large electrical apparatus are installed. If these apparatus are installed in RCC floors, PME grid is
installed in the RCC floor. If these apparatus are in soil or service building, the grid is created in those floors. Component
sizing of the grid shall ensure that temperature raise is limited to less than 100 deg.C. Recommended grid size for
transformer, DG and main panels are 5 * 5 meters. The grid access points (earth studs) shall have a capacity equal to
the excepted fault current of the location and shall handle the fault current with minimum temperature limit of 100 degC.

PME grid is extended to the locations where electrical panels are installed for the purpose of fault loop and touch potential
reduction. Sizing of these extensions shall ensure minimum temperature raise during fault.

Continuity resistance of the PME grid depends on the earth fault loop requirements. The maximum allowed continuity
resistance is 25 % of the earth fault loop requirement of the electrical system in the respective location.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1
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All joints in soil shall be exothermically welded. This exothermic welding shall be tested as per IEEE837 (except
electromagnetic force test).

Earthing of HT side of Transformer – HT and LT side of transformer is connected together. Both are connected to
MET.

NOTE: In conventional system, both Body and Neutral are connected to electrode (such as plate, pipe etc) in soil and
these electrodes are interconnected under soil as a grid. This method create large loop between LT and HT side of the
transformer resulting over voltages at the LV installation.

The modern system followed in the project shall be tested as per IEC 60364-6 to avoid loop currents and fault voltages.
This testing shall be done by the earthing vendor to ensure safety of the installation.

NOTE: Protective overvoltage control based on risk assessment as per IEC 61662 is achieved by installing SPD’s at
various parts of the installation is included in the respective electrical panels.

Earthing for Structural Lightning Protection - Type B earthing as per IS/IEC 62305 is installed either as ring earth or
foundation earth electrode. This is explained in the respective page of Lightning protection. However,
222222222Searthing for LPS and PME grid shall be interconnected at a distance not less than 10 meters.

Earthing provision for functional purpose for sensitive electronic equipment – Locations where sensitive electronic
equipment and its sources such as UPS, isolation transformer etc. are provided with earth studs. These earth studs form
a part of PME grid. Earthing vendor shall recommend suitable bonding topology in consultation with the UPS / isolation
transformer / electronic system vendor ensuring that functional purpose is not sacrificed. STAR / MESH / RING / IBN or
other defined earthing topologies for IT enabled areas in the building shall ensure safe operation and maximum life of
the electronic equipment. After installation of electronic system, the earthing vendor shall test for the continuity of
conductors and other associated tests and ensure that there is no Loop Current exists in the functional earthing system
of electronic equipment.

Material and Usage: Electrolytic grade copper or copper bonded steel are recommended for earthing in PME grid. The
earth conductor shall be minimum 10 mm round or higher sizes based on expected fault level of the location. Earth studs
are for the purpose of bringing the electrical connection between PME grid embedded in RCC with other steel
installations in the building. Both earth conductor and earth stud shall be corrosion resistant and tested acc. to IEC
62561. Earth stud shall be connected to earth conductor by exothermic welding or rigid clamping.

NOTE: Use of galvanized steel material is not allowed inside concrete as the zinc coating in steel damages concrete in
most atmospheres (ref IS/IEC 62305-3 E.4.3.).

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The conductor shall have minimum joints and all joints shall be exothermically welded for application in soil and under
foundation. Clamp joints are permitted only inside concrete / exposed in air. Copper bonded steel conductor shall have
a minimum copper coating thickness of 100 microns.

Exothermic weld shall confirm the requirements of IEEE 837:2014. Every component used shall be able to withstand the
fault current with minimum temperature raise. Fault duration shall be calculated as per electrical system design and
approximate heat generation shall be submitted to the user for evaluation by the structural engineer.

The earth studs shall be 100 % corrosion resistant and shall confirm the requirements of IEC 62561.

As there is no inter connection between mother earth and grid formed over the raft micro pile earthing is preferred and
accepted by local supply company. However the same needs to be approved by supply company and electrical inspector.
Neutral earthing will be separately provided with conventional earth pits by electrical contractors and inter connected to
grid as discussed with supply company.

Micro pile Earthing:

An earth electrode system in compliance with is 3043 inclusive of excavation, backing filling, making good of the entire
installation including the provision of earth chambers, covers, links to the mains earth bars etc. Electrode will be circular
and 6.5m in length. Appropriate bimetallic connections shall be provided for where incoming earth strip and rod are of
dissimilar material as constructed earth pit and gem solution of the complete earth pits shall be supplied with electrodes
capable of accepting a current density of ≥ 40,000a/mmsq. The earth pile shall be designed to IS 3043 such that it's
surface area is capable of safely dissipating the anticipated fault current of 50ka. The civil contractor shall carry out soil
resistivity testing on site and based on these results shall be responsible for confirming the surface area of the pile (and
hence the diameter) to safely dissipate the above faults currents to mother earth. The contractor shall provide in his
tender offering for sufficient gem 12.5kg (Marconite/Furse CEM or equivalent) to achieve this, and not offend OEM
recommended proportional mixtures.

All earth pits shall be constructed using a low impedance aggregate mix to the following performance criteria:

• As mixed electrical conductivity of less than or equal to 0.05ohm /m, conductivity should be stable and not
materially affected by changes in temp or moisture.
• Once installed it should be permanent, not shrink, dry out or wash away. It should be suitable for local soil
conditions.
• It should be capable of working in dry soils conditions without moisture.
• It should not cause or accelerate corrosion of steel re-bar or attack concrete structures,
• It should be pH neutral.
• It should not contain pollutants that harm the local ground water or environment.
• It shall be CPRI tested and certified.
• 300 mm dia. Piles, approximately 6.0 M long with cut off level.

Additional Instructions

• Complete installation as per IS -723 and IS-3043 to be designed installed and tested by the vendor.
• All plant rooms and risers to be provided with structural earthing provisions at the nearest location.
• All tenant area to be provided with structural earthing provision at the nearest location.
• Complete earthing and LPS scheme including battery limits of electrical contractor to be provided as per codes
along with the bid.
• All approvals required for electrical liasoning and CEIG for LPS and earthing system to be considered by vendor.
• All test documents for earthing and LPS systems should comply to latest IS and IEC requirement. Format to be
followed as per IS 723 and IEC 62305.
• LPS/Earthing vendor is responsible for earthing installation provided by electrical contractor, mechanical
contractor,façade or any stakeholders.
• Frequent reports and inspection to be submitted while execution.

DOC: GD-EL-LPS-RFP- 01 R1