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Practical
Research 2
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK &
DEFINITION OF TERMS IN
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Subject Area – Grade Level
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 6: Conceptual Framework & Definition of Terms in Quantitative
Research
First Edition, 2020

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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) in Practical Research 1 is prepared so that
you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises and discussions are carefully stated for you to
understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to
the Teachers are also provided to the facilitators and parents for strategies and
reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Conceptual Framework in Quantitative Research

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module is composed of one lesson only:

•Lesson 1 – Conceptual Framework in Quantitative Research

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. differentiate conceptual framework and theoretical framework; and

2. make a conceptual framework from the given situation

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 What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The main purpose of the conceptual framework is____________ .

A. to link research.
B. to link theories.
C. to link researches projects.
D. to link the theoretical and empirical elements of a research project.

2. In a deductive study the conceptual framework is derived from:

A. The literature reviews

B. Inductive reasoning
C. None of the above is true
D. The analysis of the empirical data

3. Which of the following is TRUE about conceptual framework?

A. the presentation of study
B. components of your research
C. relationship of these elements with one another
D. graphical presentation of your concepts or ideas on the basic structure

4. The two main types of variable in any research study are:

A. Dependent and intervening

B. Dependent and moderating
C. Dependent and independent
D. Independent and moderating

5. Which of the following are types of validity?

A. Face
B. Content
C. Discriminant
D. All of the above

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 Lesson CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
IN QUANTITATIVE
6 RESEARCH

What’s In

Directions: Arrange the words in alphabetical order and describe/define the meaning
of each word. Write your answers on the blanks provided before the
number.

__________________1. format-_______________________________________________
__________________ terms-________________________________________________
__________________ research-_____________________________________________
__________________ process-______________________________________________
__________________ operational-___________________________________________

__________________2. inform-______________________________________________
__________________ schematic-___________________________________________
__________________ quarters-_____________________________________________
__________________ theory-_______________________________________________
__________________ problem-_____________________________________________

_________________3. conceptual-____________________________________________
__________________ quantitative-___________________________________________
__________________ definition-_____________________________________________
__________________ flow-__________________________________________________
__________________ grasp-_________________________________________________

_________________4. presentation-_________________________________________
__________________ diagram-_______________________________________________
__________________ draw-__________________________________________________
__________________ theoretical-____________________________________________
__________________ study-_________________________________________________

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 What’s New

Directions: Examine the flow chart below. Based on your own understanding, explain
the flow of the chart. Write your answers on the space provided.

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Schematic-diagram

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 What is It

What is the meaning of conceptual framework?

__________________________________________________________________________________
A conceptual framework is used to understand the place of -- and
__________________________________________________________________________________
inform What’s
the direction of -- a research project. Professor Roger Vaughan of
__________________________________________________________________________________
In
Bournemouth University compares the conceptual framework to planning a
vacation. Before you plan your own itinerary, you look at guidebooks to learn
about the most important places to see and the best hotels. You use that
information to guide your planning. A conceptual framework uses previous
research to determine a theory and methodology for a current research project.
Conceptual framework is a graphical presentation of your concepts or
ideas on the basic structure or components of your research as well as on the
relationship of these elements with one another.
It is a graph or non-prose materials, specifically, a schematic diagram
that shows a well-ordered element of research. Giving a carefully constructed
arrangement of the components of your study, conceptual framework is broad
outline or plan to give shape your research (Shields & Rangarjan, 2013).

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Example of Conceptual Framework

RESEARCH TITLE: ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND HARVEST NET INCOME

AMONG FARMERS OF PROVINCE OF
SOUTH COTABATO

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

ORGANIC APPLICATION HARVEST NET

FETLIZER OF FERTILIZER INCOME
EVERY MONTH

As you can observe the framework above, the input of the study
is organic fertilizer which is applied every month to the crops which is
part of the process of the study in order to know the output which is
harvest net income of the farmers. In this case, the study would take
four quarters in order to know whether the harvest net income is
increasing or decreasing. The conceptual framework presented above is
usually utilized if the study is experimental type of quantitative research.
RESEARCH TITLE: LEARNING STYLES OF SHS STUDENTS: ITS EFFECT
TO SECOND QUARTER ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT

LEARNING ACADEMIC
STYLE PERFORMANCE

EXTRANEOUS

SEX, AGE,
ECONOMIC
STATUS

Basically, the independent variable of the study is the learning

styles of senior high school students which is considered as the cause or
predictor of the study. The learning style of the students is connected to
the dependent variable which is the academic performance of the
students in second quarter. The extraneous variable would be a
confounded to take a look whether the age, gender, and economic status
of the students have something to do with their learning style and
academic performance.

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What is the difference between a conceptual framework and
theoretical framework?

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

A conceptual framework is the
researcher’s idea on how the
research problem will have to be
explored. This is founded on the
theoretical framework, which lies
on a much broader scale of
resolution.
The conceptual framework, on the
other hand, embodies the specific
direction by which the research
will have to be undertaken.
Statistically speaking, the
conceptual framework describes
the relationship between specific
variables identified in the study.
It also outlines the input, process
and output of the whole
investigation. The conceptual
framework is also called the
research paradigm (Aguirre,
2105).
The theoretical framework dwells
on time tested theories that
embody the findings of numerous
investigations on how
phenomena occur.
The theoretical framework
provides a general representation
of relationships between things in
a given phenomenon.
The theoretical framework
describes a broader relationship
between things. When stimulus is
applied, response is expected.
Theoretical framework deals with
the themes or theory related to
your research study and it can
contain more than one theory
which helps you to analysis your
research problem and increase
you theoretical existing
knowledge (Aguirre, 2015).

Pointers in Writing a Conceptual Framework

1. Familiarize yourself with the objective of the conceptual framework.

2. Base the contents of the conceptual framework on your own
understanding of the elements and of the relationship of the research
features.
3. See to it that all aspects of the conceptual framework are related to
the objective of the research
4. Let others to read your conceptual framework for comments or
feedback for improvement purpose (Baraceros, 2016).

A complete conceptual framework will help you assess the goals for
your own research and develop appropriate research questions and
methodology. One of the ways it does that is to show you the gaps in the
current research.

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 What’s More

Directions: Answer what is asked. Write your answers on the space provided before
the number.

1. What is conceptual framework?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. Differentiate the conceptual framework and theoretical framework. Write

your answer inside the table.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Criteria: Content- 10 points

Grammar/spelling-5 points
TOTAL- 15 points

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3. Study the research below and create your own conceptual framework. Observe
the correct connection of the schematic diagram.

RESEARCH TITLE:

“ONLINE SELLING AND DAILY INCOME AMONG ABM STUDENTS”

Conceptual Framework:

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

RESEARCH TITLE:

“PANDEMIC ANXIETY AND LIFE STYLE OF KORONADELENOS”

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT

EXTRANEOUS

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 What I Have Learned

I. Directions: Form a word from the scrambled syllables in each row, and
define/describe it. Write it on the blank provided.

1. the roe ti cal __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

2. con pec at lu __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

3. in frot am ion __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

4. bo cej it ve __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

5. emyhot do log __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

6. he ma sc tic __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

7. di ga ram __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

8. omc op ne tsn __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

9. mi pron ve met __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

10. bro lemp __________________________

Meaning:________________________________________________________

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II. Directions: Determine whether the statement describes/defines a conceptual
framework or theoretical framework. Write CF if it tells about conceptual framework
and TF if about theoretical framework. Write your answers on the blank provided
before each number.

______________1. dwells on time tested theories that embody the findings of

numerous investigations
______________2. called as research paradigm
______________3. general representation of relationships between things in a
given phenomenon
______________4. describes the relationship between specific variables identified
in the study
______________5. deals with the themes or theory related to your research study

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 What I Can Do

Directions: Draw a symbol of a conceptual framework. Describe the symbol and how
it is related to the concept of conceptual framework.

Criteria:

Creativity- 10 points
Description-10 points
Succinctly-5 points
TOTAL- 25 points

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 Total-10 points each item

Assessment

Directions: Answer each question intelligently and concisely.

1. Describe the behavior of the one writing a research conceptual

framework.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. In what stage of research is conceptual framework written? Give reasons

for your answer.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. Suppose the research has no conceptual framework, what would be the

consequence/s?”
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. How does a conceptual framework mirror some personality traits of the

researcher?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Do you find writing a conceptual framework easy or difficult? Expound

your point.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Criteria:
Content/idea-5 points
Grammar/spelling-5 points
Total- 10 points each item

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 Assessment

Directions: Write a short essay about the things that you have learned the most
and the least in this lesson. Write your essay on the blank provided
below. Give an interesting title to your essay.
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
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source: https://www.thoughtco.com/essay-rubric-2081

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References
Aguirre, L. (2015). Types of quantitative research. Retrieved from
Explorable.com: https://explorable.com/true-experimental-design

Baraceros, E. (2016). Ethical standards in writing review of literature.

Practical Research 2. Rex Books Store. Manila, Philippines.

Shields & Rangarjan. (2013). Empirical political analysis: Quantitative and

qualitative Research Methods. 8th ed. Boston, MA: Longman.

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Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph