122 Compatr mthads in power atm analy that, to btaie 3, $8, = By — oan Dividing hy 3, equation (5.3.3) besomes Bah = Gy — Ae hrs ey ~ #5) nthe pit seqnenmpedane, which designated | Ura "Phaes tlanced te pos element with talanend exeation ‘he be totod arn snpephae clement ia netwock problems The wer in the elanect seal to the tine the power per pha “na smilas mnnne,eqntion (632) an be veda to Seb bm Woy FOE HOD whey} a +a the pie anne mpalane, "The pectrtance equation, in admittance form, for stainary Fi HN od fora rotating dementie Bat Bem Whe tev + avy ‘When te exitation ie unblancd, te performance equation of» see: ‘lace lament cam be relued other indopeodent equations by dingo lining te impedance matrix Usag a omplextutlormaton Teale then the pase visable re expen interme fa em ato ible a flows oan ‘The complex power inthe dlemen e Spo Pt Oo = RISE ‘Subang rom equations (3.4), Sam Lae ernTgge as) Chapter hoes nears 188 "The complex power in tarms of th j, neque varie e Se MOE 6s) 1 the complex powers Sy snd, a8 soul tha i he sled tran formation Tis poweravarsn, then from equations (538) sad G0), (ror ao = rere ‘he ia uitary mate Sitting fom guton (534) the prormene equation (522) ecu Tes +o) = gra oan Both ie of uation (532) can be remain By (to obtain oh ett = center ftw tat ae = cra 3s) A sina traformation an Be obtain forthe pafomnte ution ie admittance frm 5A Transformation matrices Symmetrical components ‘Two partealar trgstormaton for re pane balanced ees are of Inst One of them tartar the thee pas quanti nto sno, Dretve, and negative soqunce quan, Know at symmetrical com. nets, "The mati for hs trneformaton ie -&ab ler which unitary matin that (7), ~ Und frthermory bec Ti eymutee, 77 = Ty" Using ths tracaormaton the impose126 Compatr mthats in power oem analyse mati for a atonary cman fom equation (38) becomes TPs) fF wedi bl] [slela/a er llelelel E Tas a oo eae a the pstvemquence impedance i ‘the negative soquones impedance it oe apd refer tothe tafe impedance msn, whith gona {ora Balanond tive phe element. "The eer mats T, ako diagonals he impedance mates fora rutting somect, eventhough snot symmetie This dag lied mate Chapter Therphane meters “135 Clarke's componente Anoter transformation matic transforms the threophase quattes into ro alpa, and beta eoueace quai, own ae Clarke's compo. rent“ te for thi taafeation vii which in an orthogonal mates tbat Pe =U. ‘Theeore #5 = 72 ‘ring his twasformation the inpedanee mati form statoaryeemet ‘whore the dag ements ae he wr, alpha, and beta impodance (Component, spectively and 24 rete o the tafe impedance Imax whic is dagoal for tne tre-phse cement. "The esafermatin matrix T, dos not dingnton th noosyoaeti impedance mati fora rotating ment. "The along blaine 1y thi wants, tte ent + BD Beran | x-men +e 5.5 Three-phase unbalanced network elements ‘When 4 threphass element is unbalanced, te transfrmation Ty oF 1, 00 dows nat yield uncoupled xquenes impedances Ben though ie pombe to diagonal #2 no gla trneermaton eit for186 Computer meshed in power tem ante liagoasising the inpadance mates forall ements of «network ‘pene tne tbulanee of the diferent ements eur nt related "Thenfre ima be dena omnia he nial three pequanti ‘Balas te sou of autworeprcblen When the rnaormation 7, Sind the soqumee networks ext be treated independently 5.6 Incidence and network matrices for threewphase networks Incidence ond nor rie for a thre-phasa alana! or unbalanced uorock ean be fommed hy he sume peomdures os thew dered Ghln'Eerngleplasenetworts, The etree 1,1, and On te in (hoc mation ors snge-phaw network, however, wil be replaced by thes x Semin, Uy Uy and el reps. Ak, the impofanee terndtance of nebo lement willbe 23 3 mat. The rows ‘Salcuumns of ths mata ster the puss, ander tothe apse SLiStquncecompocents “The aebork mate il be eompoued of Foci ubmuarcee whee sient also lee to te phase cr reqenoe 5.7 Algorithm for formation of threesphase bur Impedance matrix Performance auation of «partial three:phase network “The performance equation for the-phaveaework representation fe ‘he ba rane of reference and impedance fr Bits ~ melt whee #84 = vector of the troophase bur voltages measured ith {rapes to the referee bus {ily = voir of inpresnd thee paso bus exe BRL — Mire phave bs mpodance mci Watt‘ the pono seme the network are balanced, thie ‘nnpodanes or adntanee matic an be agen th ramon Alok mui Tor 7 In scan the tre equenee nsec can be teen ndependenty. ‘The povoirer based on th algo deserbed AS". fan be ppl to form the odependent sequence neimore “en the trees elements of the aera ae unbelaned he 13x 3 muaices Zand 2 of tho bus impedance mais ae not fal ‘The equntons fr the fematon of the tre-phebusimpeasoe wae by the get eam be drved i 2 manner sir to that oF Sagephto networks. COhptr Thon neta 127 Adaition of bronch “The performance eqution ofthe partial netwock wih an adel ranch ‘oe on of hee phase quanto 12 » on a 5 lan] = [2a [ae] [am fa] | rag | fis ae ‘The clementa Zh ean be dteine by injecting a thre pase current ithe th bana shown 3g, and tossuring the vaige a he a ths with rapest ta the referonne td Silly, te ements 25 hn be detained by injecting a theephase arent at the ath Ba 36 Pe td, eeeFie. 84 Inetod threes (acute fo aes see ay 2 at shown in Fig 54, and measuring the walla atthe th bas with respect forthe reference nde ‘Mf ene 2 lt the eure athe 2h bus be J and ll oer be eurvents equal tro, The voltage aeros the added element git RA or “The verter volar the ements of he partial etn i en BAe or "The current inthe element pis terme of te primitive ince and the yltage ern he sleet, it = tat + ntact em) ‘Shc = 0, fom uation 7.0, sah = ensyntare ors) Sahttaing fm equations 6.72) and (78 no (73), Bp mht = ost — 59 620 From eatin (7.1, pte = meres ein He Be Caper Thar netrhe 197 sod at any bu Be mer ‘sgh aes rom open (572) a (78) and sing for ei min = myer + Lostayectah — Begum (675) Since equation (67.8) i al for all aut f 1 illo that Bate = ast + tsa ~ Tat) za) Toca Zt the creat at tho th ate and al ete ts cuts eget It ed een ee aly Scie te cleo of te urn te he yg te th Sermo eh ue wheter ier ej st oF Mavierpese Ra nts B= Ror = mp ower the dent 9-4 ame to be mul op oe tot ceens of pl err tet, en ap er a 210) hr ais the cage nat at da thea of mata ‘lori The war of landed i th cents ah mt nm “he mses wre wlges fH and pull source curate J are cel a= ~leternte (e212) Substiuing rom oqatnn (5.7.11) into (712), wh = -igtarntat eri) However, a temas of bus euzot, shea Iphe = hs ny) sd he ohange in vote atthe ih ba de o mutual coupling i ABA = Daeg 2a r8) Sebatiting for Ip and TE, fom equations (5718) and (7.10, ‘tiation (15) Booms ABM 0g = Bogert e235)128 Computer method npr tem anal Sbuiting rm equation (6.7.16) ate (87.10, flows that Bh = ab = Gah = Douthat, ran) rom the mati eauatio, site| te [fms | ote © i = ets | ote | atte) ante v then ‘logit = ~lebaint, or) Prolog by a and postmairing by 85)" ewan (ers) beam atari = —mtattig™® 119) batting rom equation (87.1) inte (8.7.17), abe = te ae — Dome (6720) ‘he cement Zi can bo determined by ijetng 6 three-phase amet at the bu and measring the Yoliag that bus wih respect the rferenes nde Lat the cuenta ch qth bus be and all ‘ther bas earents ego aero Since t= JS, utlg In ‘uation (6.72) fr and sali for at = ~Untanare + aeaty Gray Submitting fom equa (57.2) and (678 into (6.7.20), By BM = OR + EIB BA) 672) From equation (572, ze Gr2y Sabu from quai (37.29) et (8.7.22) and naling for Zo, ‘fala, ance the velingoquton 1 vai forall value of Fs ae = Tye sg NU + aptedea— B29) e220) Chapters Thresphane neta 18h {Uhr no mau coping betwen th ed branch a Ofte printer ements le rer nod ‘Theo, eruatins (3.79), (70), ad FN ede ae = 2 Be oie Bees oe ht 1 i aon, pi the referee nc, he ements of 23 and 5 me ate IF the network cements are balanced, thn Ze = Zi and ther futon (78) oF 6120) ean be ed Adaion of tink ‘Asin the ato siaglepac notwork, when the new ements ink it in connect in varies witha eltage saree ax shown ia Big. 83. Tie Uiverphae volog sure sweet ssh that te eure rough ‘headed kia ero "Then che ment pt, wher ins fentious nade, ae Jorlcalaion of Bene1 Comper method npr sytem ane can be toute as beach, ‘The performance exustion of the partial ‘tue with the odd ase pn tera of thre-phase gua, = ‘The sementa Zi can be determined by injecting three phase current seth bus tnd meamuring the volta a the Bettis nde f wit spe Let the caren the th bus bo J?” and all ter bus ‘tents equl tee. Then ram equation (8723), ahem on) Ao, a shor a Fi 53, areata aren ‘he corvent in terms ofthe pine admittance and ce voltages eros the lent gy ote ate 6226) Siow se = me we = oR and the cements of are ar, then te voltage, fom equation (628), 8 att = Ons Sabattting fom eatin (57.28) nto (87.2, setae ran) ‘spt 6720) une Chapters Threrphsenewarhs 183 Song for Into 7.30), = ce — non + optsg- tat — Inbar 6230 Stating fr rm oguton (8.26 int ($731) it fll ince fhe muling equation vad oral vane eft Bem ap = B+ tion — BP orm “The domets 2" ca be darned by ineting 4 three-phase cars between ¢ sd fd mens the kage at bs Lat the ‘Kien tte fund sad al ote br eats aqal to. the ied emene were bot mutually coupled to the ements of the tal evr then Bes et — zt ower bout ofthe fot of muta counting, pen = ae Reo aR cs loving th sss posure ain the ate were the addd dementia brah then apt = ah — Bie sd rom equation (718), latsrnty = —tuis Sabituing om guton 5.730 ntoeqaton (5.7) follows snce {hereahas quan vl fl var o ha Bbw Tah = BE = BD 6238) ‘he dament Zan be determi inferting ee pase ar sex bron tl ard eaing the vl tts wth repel {Due te bears brwen and ef and al oer us eat ental rr.” Sine i = 77 ubeiting in equation (728) for 3 and sling or then 1 fom equations (57.2), (57), and (57.) ttt (139 he one-one atom 6238) Subetitatng fom equation 7.98 into (7.27, Peete Unt + te ora Subetiatng for stand from equations (572), (87.9), and (62.7) into 6739), nae yr + Ut + ated — Bab 238)ee ee ee eo omepirg mend = ‘en ‘uae ump og roo fo wopeuin/ nf moon fo Kanaan FL126 Conon mats in prot ont ‘From eqeten (6725, eee 730) Suatising rm ogstion (8729) ita (8738), allows, sine the roslantegation vai forall ae fT, that aah — 229 + pte + BSI — RI) 240 1 thers eno mat couplingHetneen the added Link and the ements a the patel network, euatione (2782), (6738), and (5.740) reds to RRR RIE B a, In eden, pe the tees nde, ei Bes ab ats, urthermare, if the cents ar belaeo, anne ‘The tito node i limited by short cruting ce Tink voltage seuee From oustion (5720), ‘fits = malas + ah (ra sod oa en =o era) shee j = 1,2, ym. Solving fr from aqulin (6.7.42) and feta ato (4, Bib = ass — Ba ‘Therefore, Feta = i Saeennan ~ BME OM 1 mummary of equations fr the formation of th three-phase bus Impofatee mate given in Tube St, "These equations can be wate in terms of symmctcal or Cin component & Modification of the three-phase bus Impedance matris for changes in the network ‘he formula given in Tablet can Be usd omy three-phase bus impofanee marx when an element In added tothe network. ‘These {valance wed la when an lepent not manly evap to ther Chapter ‘Trephteneworhe 187 emeots ofthe network is removed ot ts impedance is changed. ‘The [rocedures are snl to towered fr singles networis: Wher = elma x remove, the modi theo phase us impsanoe mtx fan be obtained by ang pal cdomeat whose hr phaelmpedance Igual to the agave ofthe impedance of te dement tobe removed ‘When the impedance ofan lement ie yb changed, the mote te ‘ace stnpodanor matric canbe caine by adn paral lea ‘ich thatthe oualent Une sone impedance of the bre elements “The ere procedures atone ud fr sngl-phaso networks ca be layed to derive an egalion for moiying the xbmc of the ‘hre-phae bi impedane matrix when mitually vapid len are removed or tel innpedancs ar hanged," This ation Tighe = Dib Deb = poate tape — Be) whee layta = bea = Tate} = 1 = ayebotagay — ent — gb + at “The maths af forming three phe network matrices by transformation sd by algorithm wil be ustrteduxing the samploeystem shows in Mig 5, Pia, 5.6 Sampte three vg arton State ener sete oe188 Computer methods in por system ante Form the bus incidence matric A with round reference 12 Rorm the bar aditanoe mate Ys by tasformaion. Form the bu impedance mate Za tng the algorithm. 4 Muay te three nce bu impsfancematese cio n pet to Tomoye element 8 between Dor 2 aed bus 8 av impedances for samo ote = Mt emt a Ip mpd soe Pr a oe “< wae] om [om [om «a4 [om Pow [ew | 12 [omen [oan om | om | ow ea [a0 [oa om | om | om 20 om [oa] Chapter §Therphaenetnarha 19 "The data forthe ample thre phar apstem even fn Table 62. The Tinpedance for thin system ac prt by real umes aga tthe [gvestor an ine restancen, The branche abd ks of the ont ‘Senctad paph for twinge representation of thesystom ar shown ihe 50 The bo inidenen mare o ooo 1 [ee a « [oF ; where Uie a 3X8 uit mateale lalelale142 Compatar mathodsin poe seen anys ‘© Thedusimpetanse matrix wl be formed by fret adding al branches Sod Uh ading the inh Stop 1 Star wih element 1, the bragoh fom p = 1 40 ¢ = 2 ‘The slannia of the Hor ipedance matrix ofthe paral network ave ® bilieee «| 0.080 | -0.025 | -0.00 85 =| 0.000 | 0.080 | -0.005 «| =0.0% | 0.020] 0.00 Step 2. Ad element 2, the branch fom p = 1 to ¢= 8 This ‘dds tow but andthe bu peda sti ® ® ccee ieee tiieesre [0-080] 0.025 | 0-020] @8|-o.020] 0.080 -0.025 0.025) 9.020 | 0.080 mi * 0.080 | ~0.025| 0-02 o 0.020) 0-080 | -0.025 ‘ 0.025] —0.020] 0.080 Sup 8. Add eomen 4 the branch fom = 2 fog = 4. The lemon inno conecte ote referee noe a te aon erent woe sing te forma in Take 3 Rome twas Besa ioaa ad Rite att ati,144 Computer mathodsin pme srtem ents 20" [ovo |oeo ~ [eea~ foro: — jaro" | ed fo far fat fewer =| # oxo: |sco- [oso — Joea-— [sco — lowo- |» alae ae eee Jszo"— oxo” loco ~ 9 @ ToT Lee fer a tow ber ; ow TT foo ow = ke foun” [emo foro —| | | ocm= [sam — [oo . arrears orcs ao baw a letlot hacemos) feo fow oo= 0 ev forzloo! om mo=f>" | | aa lane aon seem sop pena 2g mH, ‘Thin lmen inns the Bettis node anata fre Stops. Add clenent5,thelink fom = 4109 = 3 loot eoaneiad to the referee noe sds ot mtanlly soup toa ‘cistng element of tho paral network. ‘The clement of the rows std i E 3 3 3 +i gigi as ohh Sa ec ae fin a @ pate ge # Sgagnh ¢ a eum ¢ sh 2 gaF & 442 : yy HE & Takes me _[me= ho owe le = fey alae om [vor ho = one malas Ss [soo [aro now w= [owe ee eae $ $ 3 seme soapadan so 9 ma, ete leednde — Ow HR ‘smsany 9 aun pneu an 7 pou sNONHaG 9g 04 apUESLEO SUED PEN euod oa,wien te For l= tie en at peo y= Fn) Ez py Wo Raa eever — | oer | osar— [over — | over - |e ame [owe — [os [san | ono” |» sort | sese— | oszor | nun sce ~ [snort | stor | oun caso” [oso | oss | or — eno” [on _| oer ~ | ners 2x0" | sua | oar— | ote'— | 0 10 a xtegne soem nad pos ‘a ama owen ey pans ‘yyrne st wos omy oh jo asus ah so xstensoorpaden mag ah Yo ADU PAINS, Se SSS raped oy prego sa sue ng oe DH £9 poyeng og ww A, eo tt — [ nto" °leer = bytee lave ‘000'2 | 0on"— [0008 — |2 o00'— | ommo'e [oon ~ jare cwon'~ |oooe = | ooo |» Teanga eae re senreagne semsrupe agama aoe a186 Compatr thats in power rtm enti leo (aeons = 10 ~ agence ~ ett (ash + eae) : i TNH sae [a a TERETE wa HP Tee e eel EeeEE Ee] TE/EEE EEE Hee e TEE TERR abating, es ara =|152 Computer method in per seem anata For the caleaation of 29M, §= 2, J= 2 0, = 2, 4,2, and 4b28 33 Then ge — 239 = [zit eye — ayo = [3 ‘a7 | — 0200 | 087 asso | aes | = | oars | ~0au0 | 008s | sores | ou | = oseChapt Themen nto 16 Probleme dso squeac date fr the sample . (PEPE Eel: ba yen g peel ley ltleg ond a 7/8 le |e] Ele FIR Intow 4 8,8 rand Cor etd comet ap A |} miter fot estat ances Yo-/2/2/2/2/8/E/8/8|2] 5 i 7 The fital [a 3 BG ? leet li 1 Revit fica aad unig al! ve sure a ere /2/8/8/2 Elf Soe ee 3 abl bakAk i estes om i ean sr Fk selslhleisleen : See 4 ele lefelglelesslal? serucon impedances av qu form tn tw pe ete Peer ere te rate enate Siu Taare tertt as an fou kaa Peeks perry ie PE atste trp attnsnocrcantevrdei i o./e/ 8/8/88 (82 2[E| i Seas Sear ae EE 62 Theweumes impedance dat for he sample system shown in Pi i Hes Eilers Hes Balen woul ele Ge i eal: nts Fl ng ee PoE ae (peer Oe 4 [E78 /2]8/8/8/2]2|2|4 ® ie Re ee ied elt = e latslelslale z|3 2 ../E/E E/E /E(E/2/2 [2/2 PERRET Tia S letslalsiglelglzle2 gq ./E/E/8/8/8/e|2/2|2 5 ATA x sae ws ere q 3 & a ¢ i : i a # éables Sequence impedance at of sample por ortem or Prob $2 [para a ep tie vrme cameleon por] 0p coe pailorw +p] 0043] venpalarnal orm] cern Tena = p01 |.8 + 9.0| 0.08 4. va woiloo tne ta ® @ © ee 153. The reactance date fr th thee pase system show in Fig. 5.8 Generators A dC oo aon elo = O02 ‘Tewaormer AB: Fo ne ne 01 ‘rapamison ine 8 eae o ox [oa] With gun ax rere orn V8 1 Ror Zab ang the lel. Deter Zp fom 2503 blaine in pa 54. Resume tnt te rasan ine BAC of Pro. 3.8 balanced and iteractane ie a fon fox co Joa loren pr and compare the oe he ubalacel ae a Prob 63,Bibtiographs (lake, Blt: “Cizeit Analysis of AC Power Systems, Symmetia 14 elated Compontnt i, John Waly & Sone To, New York, 190. ‘Sa Kron, Gabriel: Testor Analy of Network Jae Wiley & Sons Tne, “en Yer, 199 Sa othe, Frderdk S: “An Introston to Power System Anaysn” “etn Wiley Sens, Ine, New Yor, 1058 Stevenson, Willam Dy Je "Elements of Power Syetem Analy” ‘MeGrsw-Hil Book Company, New York 182 ‘Warns. and RD, Evans: “Symmetsiea! Component” MeCraw ‘Hl Book Company, New Yor, 188