CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Of The Study

Arterial blood gases (ABG) analysis is major part of the diagnosis and management of
the oxygenation status, acid base balance, and ventilation in critically ill patients. ABG analysis
is defined as a test that measures the acid - base balance of blood and the levels of oxygen (O2)
in the blood. The test is used to examine the function of the lungs of the patient, and how they
can exchange gases. This test is commonly perform in the setting of intensive care unit (ICU)
and maybe performed to any patient at any floor depending of their diagnosis (Gaines, 2020).
Arterial blood gases (ABG) analysis is a major part of the diagnosis and management of the
oxygenation status, acid – base balance and ventilation in critically ill patients. Blood sampling
can be taken from radial, brachial, femoral artery or from the arterial line for studying ABG (
Soltani, et al, 2019 ). Arterial blood gases (ABG) analysis is common investigation in intensive
care units for the critical care patient’s and considers a valuable tool in the assessment of a
multitude of illnesses and injuries. Also, it can guide in titrating ventilator support and weaning
a ventilated patient’s. It represents the criterion stander for determining a ventilated patient’s
acid-base status, and to assess the response to therapeutic intervention such as mechanical
ventilation (Sabaq et al., 2019)