PLT COLLEGE, INC.

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph
Philippine Popular Culture Module
Schedule - MWF 10:30- 11:30 am
Instructor: Sherry Mae B. Angihan
09550549187
Sherry11bonn@gmail.com

CULTURE
 Culture is from the Latin root word colere meaning to inhabit which later developed to
colonus or colony
 Latin: coulter which means cultivation or tending
 French couture which suggests fashion
 Germanic kultur which is synonymous with civilization
 English mime-word culchah which suggests refinement
-Raymond Williams

CULTURE
 Total complex of values, beliefs, practices, behavior, patterns shared in common and
transmitted by a group of people from one generation to the next.
 The whole complex of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual, and emotional features
that characterize a society or group. It includes not only the arts and letters, but also
modes of life, the fundamental rights of human being, value systems, traditions and
beliefs
 Is the sum of the symbols, ideas, forms of expressions and materials products associated
with a social system
 Is a design, recipe or roadmap, for living that guides the behavior of members of society
 A very powerful force that affects the lives of the member of a society

NORMS
These are guides or models of behavior which tell how people should behave in a
particular situations; what people ought or not ought to do. They set limits by which
individuals achieve their goals.
They regulate people's behavior in a given society; a societal perception on how one is
to act in a given situations-for example in any sport, restaurant, church, recreational
center, etc
Norms are usually in the form of rules, standards or prescriptions and socially shared
expectations.

Forms of norms:
A. MORES
 These are norms associated with strong ideas of right and wrong. Mores are
standards of conduct that are highly respected and valued by the group and their
fulfillment is felt to be necessary and vital group welfare
B. FOLKWAYS
 PLT COLLEGE, INC.
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph
 These are norms that are simply customary, normal, habitual ways a group does
things. These customary ways are accumulated and become repetitive patterns
of expected behavior, which tends to become permanent traditions.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE:
1. CULTURE IS LEARNED AND ACQUIRED
Culture is not instinctive nor part or biological equipment of man. It is acquired through
the senses and experiences from the neighbors, family, playmates, schools, churches,
and other agents of socialization
2. CULTURED IS SHARED AND TRANSMITTED

To continuously preserve culture, it is best to share to other people or to transmit it to the next
generation, or else it will die a natural death.

3. CULTURE IS ADAPTIVE OR DYNAMIC

Culture is always changing. New ideas, procedures, and techniques are added, modified or
discarded. People must be prepared and ready to conform to these changes
4. CULTURE IS CUMULATIVE.
Certain features of culture have been retained today and they modified and innovated to make
them new and update.

5. CULTURE IS IDEATIONAL
Culture is ideal pattern of behavior which the members are expected to follow. Thus, the
members of society see society from the standpoint of culture.

6. CULTURE GRATIFIES HUMAN NEEDS.

Cultures continue to exist if it satisfies human needs biologically and psychologically. An
individual is likely to follow and observe cultural techniques that satisfy his needs.

7. CULTURAL IS SOCIAL
Culture is a group product developed by many individuals interacting in a group. The habits and
knowledge of the members in a group is shared by the other members.

8. CULTURAL IS INTEGRATION
By integration, it means that there is a tendency for individuals to fully appreciate those
elements in culture that are best for them and these are very often integrated in their
personality and become a part of their behavior.

MODES OF ACQUIRING CULTURE:

1. IMITATION

Children and adults alike have the tendency to imitate the values, attitudes, language and all
other things in their social environment.
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Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph

2. INDOCTRINATION OR SUGGESTION

This may take the form of formal training or informal training. Formally, the person learns from
school. Informally, he may acquire those behaviors from listening or watching, reading,
attending training activities or through interaction.

3. CONDITIONING

The values and attitudes of other people acquired through conditioning. This conditioning can
be reinforced through reward and punishment.

ADAPTATION OF CULTURE:
a) PARALLELISM
The same culture may take place in two or more different places. For example, the
domestication of dogs, cats, pig and other animals may have semblance in other places.

b) DIFFUSION
This refers to those behavioral patterns that pass back and forth from one culture to another.
Examples are food and eating practices, marriage and wedding ceremonies, burial ritual, feast
celebration.

c) CONVERGENCE
When two or more culture are fused or merged into one culture making it different from the
original culture.

d) FISSION
When people break away from their original culture and start developing a different culture of
their own

e) ACCULTURATION
Individuals incorporate the behavioral patterns of other culture into their own either voluntary
or by force.

f) ASSIMILATION
When the culture of a larger society is adopted by a smaller society , that small society assumes
some of culture of the larger or host of society

g) ACCOMODATION
When the larger society and smaller society are able to respect and tolerate each other's
culture even if there is a prolonged contact of each other's culture

FILIPINO CULTURAL VALUES

POSITIVE OR ACCEPTABLE CULTURAL VALUES AND PRACTICES
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Tel (078) 805-3682
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 “BALIKATAN" SYSTEM
When an individual is confronted with a problem or difficulty, everybody shares the burden of
helping the person who is in need of assistance
Examples: sharing in the expenses during an emergency or times of needs, pooling a common
fund from which the members borrow for their needs; giving reliefs in the form of cash or kind
to a person struck by calamities

 "BAYANIHAN" SYSTEM
A certain task is effectively and Easily completed if everybody shares his time, effort and money
to expedite the completion of a task.

Example: Transferring the whole nipa hut to another place is done by bayanihan way; digging a
drainage canal by the barangay people; cleaning the area for the putting up a basketball court

 "PAKIKISAMA" CONFORMITY
This is a positive way of yielding to the groups's unanimous of majority's decision so as to
complete a task. Without it, there would be disunity in the group. To get along well with the
group, even with some important commitment is "magaling makisama "

 "PAKIKIRAMAY"
This is sympathetic attitude to another person and it is emphasized by the statement "di ka nag-
iisa". This is often practiced among friends, neighbors, distant relatives and among barrio mates
and town mates. In times of grief or distress or even the death of a person, the bereaved family
is extended a condolence by other individuals.

 "COMPADRE OR COMADRE" SYSTEM

The closeness of family ties is usually extended to ritual kinship to include "ninong" and
"ninang". These sponsors to a baptismal, confirmation, or wedding ceremonies are usually
prominent people in the community.

 "UTANG NA LOOB" OR THE SENSE OF GRATITUDE

One aspect of this is in gif-giving, that is, when a gift is given, it is "utang na loob" of the
recipient.

 HOSPITALITY VALUE
This value is done by people welcoming visitors with warmth and enthusiasm at home or by
inviting them to visit their homes or wherever circumstances warrant. Hospitality can promote
goodwill and cooperation
 FIESTA CELEBRATION
Celebration can serve every important purposes. It strengthens family loyalty and unity; it serves to
acquire new friends and allies; may heal individual's animosity and misunderstanding; may serve to
strengthen the power structure; may serve to display the affluence of the host.
 PLT COLLEGE, INC.
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph
On the other hand, fiesta celebration has negative effects when the host incur so much debt that could
hardly repay.

 FAMILISM OR CLOSE FAMILY RELATIONS

A Filipino trait of giving highest importance to the family above other things. A trait wherein
family members should be taken care and supported regardless of whether he/she did
something wrong, a family member must be given and should not be abandoned.

 FUN LOVING TRAIT

A trait found in most Filipinos, a trait that makes them unique that even in times of calamities
and other challenges in life, they always have something to be happy about , a reason to
celebrate.

 COMPASSIONATE
A Filipino trait of being sympathetic to other even if the person is a stranger. An example of this
is giving alms to the beggars. This is observed when we hear Filipinos saying,"kawawa naman or
nakakaawa naman"

 FRIENDLY
A trait found in most of Filipinos. They are sincere, loyal, kind and sociable people.

 FLEXIBLE OR MAGALING MAKIBAGAY

The ability of Filipinos to " ride-on" or adjust to the norms of the other group just to attain
smooth harmonious relationship.

 RELIGIOUS
Most Filipinos posses strong conformance of their religious belief both in words and in deeds.

 RESPECT TO ELEDERS
A Filipino trait of being courteous both in words and deeds to other people.

 RESOURCEFULNESS
A Filipino trait of being creative and resourceful. The ability to do things that are next to
impossible. Example is fixing appliances that look impossible to repair

 PATIENCE
Filipinos are known for their tenancy and strong determination in every undertaking.
 PLT COLLEGE, INC.
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph
THE SMILING CULTURE of the PHILIPPINES
This is a land both fact and fiction, where generations leave no trace of themselves and
everything is constantly wiped out by clockwise destruction: typhoon, tsunami, earthquake,
drought, because we have no memory of ourselves, we remember only the last deluge, the last
seismic upheaval. (ERIC GAMALINDA)

CULTURE OF ECONOMIC DEPRAVITY

api, busabos, alipin, salatsayaman, dusta, aba, dukha, anak-pawis, maralitangtaga-lungsod,
kaawa-awa, kalatog-pinggan, anak-dalita, mahirappa sadaga, biktimangkahirapan,
sumasalasapagkain, patay-gutom, pulubi, pobre, hirapsabuhay, yagit, maralita, squatter,
batanghamog, maglulupa, lupig, mumu, lataknglipunan, laylayannglipunan, miserable, street-
children, taonggrasa, puritakalaw, maji

EDUCATION
•From the Latin root word educare meaning to rear or to foster; or educere which means lead
forth.
•Is the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that make people do better in their life-
choices.
•Organized system of instructions designed to create meaning-making sense of individual or
communal life-ways, in the hope that awareness, understanding and appreciation of life will
make life it more liveable.
 PLT COLLEGE, INC.
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph

RANDY DAVID ON PHILIPPINE EDUCATION:

Successive crises in the Filipino nation’s life have led many thoughtful analysts to suspect that
the country’s main problem could be the dis-functionality of the entire educational system. This
system, largely borrowed and imposed from without, has failed to spring roots in the soul of
the people. Instead of drawing strength from local milieu, it arrogantly asserts its [colonial]
superiority…In the name of nationhood, it has suppressed native sensibility. It continues to
denigrate traditional folkways and wisdom in the name of global cosmopolitanism.
 PLT COLLEGE, INC.
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
Tel (078) 805-3682
Website www.pltcollege.educ.ph
Email pltc@pltcollege.educ.ph