QUAID E AWAM UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE &

TECHNOLOGY, CAMPUS, LARKANA

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND FOURIER SERIES

Lecture #

Topic: Applications of Higher Order Differential Equations

SIMPLE ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

The sum of the voltage drops across the elements of a closed circuit is equal to the total
electromotive force E in the circuit. The voltage drop across a resistor of R ohms is
across a coil of inductance L henries is and across a condenser of capacitance

(capacity) C farads is Here the current I amperes and the charge Q coulombs

are related by we will consider R, L, and C as constants.

L

E C

The differential equation of an electric circuit containing an inductance L, a resistor R, a

condenser of capacitance C, and an electromotive force is therefore
,

or, since then becomes

from which may be found.

By differentiating and using we have

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from which may be found.
Example 1. If the resistor R, capacitor C and inductor L are connected with an emf
E in series. Find the differential equation for the circuit and solve it for

Solution: We have
Substituting the given values, we get

The auxiliary equation is:

The Complementary Function is:
Now the Particular Integral is

Thus,

Also,

Example 2. Solve the differential equation: for charge Q and

where and with and

Solution: We have
Substituting the given values, we get

The auxiliary equation is:

The Complementary Function is:

Now the Particular Integral is:

Thus,

Also,

Applying the given conditions, we get:

And

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Hence,

Example 3. Find the charge on the capacitor and the current in the given LRC series
circuit, where

Solution: We have
Substituting the given values, we get

The auxiliary equation is:

The Complementary Function is:

Now the Particular Integral is:

Thus,
Also,
Applying the given conditions, we get

Hence

Example 4. A circuit consists of an inductance of 0.05 henry, a resistance of 20

ohms, a condenser of capacitance 100 microfarads, and an emf of
Find I and Q, given the initial conditions when
Solution: We have
Substituting the given values, we get

The auxiliary equation is:

The Complementary Function is:

Now the Particular Integral is:

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Thus,
Also,

Applying the given conditions, we get

Hence,

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