Table 1.

1 : Time series river discharge data

Calculation for river stage Table 1.2: Chacking for normality by using ske

Day Flow rate(Q)(*1000m3/s) H(m) Day H(m)=X(t)

1 14.12 20.405 1 20.404899
2 22.05 24.251 2 24.250668
3 22.34 24.377 3 24.376847
4 20.07 23.366 4 23.366026
5 21.15 23.854 5 23.853705
6 19.82 23.251 6 23.251281
7 20.65 23.63 7 23.629515
8 23.57 24.903 8 24.903127
9 22.19 24.312 9 24.311685
10 18.32 22.547 10 22.547056
11 14.45 20.584 11 20.583874
12 12.72 19.621 12 19.621269
13 13.67 20.157 13 20.157437
14 12.58 19.541 14 19.540584
15 9.33 17.522 15 17.522249
16 9.67 17.748 16 17.748373
17 10.65 18.379 17 18.378774
18 14.47 20.595 18 20.594655
19 11.02 18.609 19 18.609191
20 9.82 17.847 20 17.846868
21 12.5 19.494 21 19.494276
22 16.1 21.45 22 21.449566
23 17.4 22.101 23 22.100789
24 9.48 17.623 24 17.622509
25 8.41 16.889 25 16.888841
26 9.33 17.522 26 17.522249
27 10.4 18.221 27 18.220814
28 12.62 19.564 28 19.563682
29 15.3 21.036 29 21.035675
30 13.84 20.251 30 20.251395
Sum
Average
N
Chacking for normality by using skewness test
Normalized Normalized series
series Y(t) devation Yd(t) Yd(t)2 Yd(t)3 skewness coeffient
4.5171782522 -0.019749113653 0.00039 -7.7E-06 S= 0.169106998557
4.92449677 0.3875694040895 0.15021 0.058217 Test for normal distributed data using Skewness
4.9372914253 0.40036405941299 0.16029 0.064175 Alternative Hypothesis: Data is not normally distributed
4.8338417809 0.29691441503725 0.08816 0.026175 Level of Significance:α = 5%
4.8840254714 0.3470981054751 0.12048 0.041817 Null Hypothesis is acceptable for 𝑆 < 𝑍 𝛼/2 6 𝑁
4.8219581711 0.28503080525408 0.08124 0.023157 Z0.025 1.96
4.8610199392 0.32409257332971 0.10504 0.034041 Z0.025*SQRT(6/N)
4.9903032707 0.45337590482818 0.20555 0.093191 Since −0.877< S < 0.877, so the null hypothesis of data
4.9306880831 0.39376071715458 0.15505 0.061052 being normally distributed cannot be rejected.
4.7483739937 0.21144662778727 0.04471 0.009454
4.5369454977 1.8131846325E-05 3.29E-10 5.96E-15
4.4295901826 -0.1073371832885 0.01152 -0.00124
4.4897034524 -0.0472239134682 0.00223 -0.00011
4.4204732326 -0.1164541333106 0.01356 -0.00158
4.1859585649 -0.350968801044 0.12318 -0.04323
4.2128817661 -0.3240455998444 0.10501 -0.03403
4.2870472482 -0.2498801177052 0.06244 -0.0156
4.5381334719 0.00120610597753 1.45E-06 1.75E-09
4.3138371736 -0.2230901923163 0.04977 -0.0111
4.2245553584 -0.3123720074533 0.09758 -0.03048
4.4152322579 -0.121695107983 0.01481 -0.0018
4.6313676616 0.09444029567054 0.00892 0.000842
4.7011475959 0.16422022999618 0.02697 0.004429
4.1979172105 -0.3390101553717 0.11493 -0.03896
4.109603496 -0.4273238698735 0.18261 -0.07803
4.1859585649 -0.350968801044 0.12318 -0.04323
4.2685845125 -0.2683428533546 0.07201 -0.01932
4.4230851493 -0.1138422165648 0.01296 -0.00148
4.5864664519 0.04953908604173 0.00245 0.000122
4.5001549703 -0.036772395626 0.00135 -5E-05
136.10782098 2.13658 0.096423
4.5369273659
30
 data using Skewness
a is not normally distributed

e for 𝑆 < 𝑍 𝛼/2 6 𝑁 (6/N)0.5

0.8765386
the null hypothesis of data
cannot be rejected.
 Time(hr) Discharge(m3/s) Rainfall,R,(mm) Base flow DRH(m3/s) ∆t(hr) ER=R-∅∆t
0 0 1
1 1 17 1 0 1 5
2 5.5 22 1 4.5 1 10
3 12.4 14 1 11.4 1 2
4 15.4 1 14.4 1
5 13 1 12 1
6 9.6 1 8.6 1
7 6.2 1 5.2 1
8 3.05 1 2.05 1
9 0.9 1 1
10 0.1 1 1
11 0 1 1
Sum sum 17
∅_index 12 mm/hr
Sum of the Effective rainfall(ER) 17 mm

1hr UNIT HYDROGRA

0.9
0.8
0.7
discharge(m3/s)

0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time(hr)
 1hr-UH
(m3/s.mm) 18

16
Hydrograph
0
0.26470588 14
0.67058824 Discharge(m3/s) 12
0.84705882
10
0.70588235
0.50588235 8 hydrograph
0.30588235 BF
6
0.12058824
4
0
0 2
0 0 Time(hr)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

NIT HYDROGRAPH

1-hr UH

4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time(hr)
 Rainfall Ydi
event Rainfall Runoff (mm) Xdi (Xi - (Yi-
No. (mm) = Xi = Yi Xmean) Ymean) Xdi2 Ydi2
1 42.39 13.26 -0.5506 -1.3675 0.3032 1.8701
2 33.48 3.31 -9.4606 -11.3175 89.5034 128.0858
3 47.67 15.17 4.7294 0.5425 22.3670 0.2943
4 50.24 15.5 7.2994 0.8725 53.2809 0.7613
5 43.28 14.22 0.3394 -0.4075 0.1152 0.1661
6 52.6 21.2 9.6594 6.5725 93.3035 43.1978
7 31.06 7.7 -11.8806 -6.9275 141.1493 47.9903
8 50.02 17.64 7.0794 3.0125 50.1176 9.0752
9 47.08 22.91 4.1394 8.2825 17.1344 68.5998
10 47.08 18.89 4.1394 4.2625 17.1344 18.1689
11 40.89 12.82 -2.0506 -1.8075 4.2051 3.2671
12 37.31 11.58 -5.6306 -3.0475 31.7039 9.2873
13 37.15 15.17 -5.7906 0.5425 33.5313 0.2943
14 40.38 10.4 -2.5606 -4.2275 6.5568 17.8718
15 45.39 18.02 2.4494 3.3925 5.9994 11.5091
16 41.03 16.25 -1.9106 1.6225 3.6505 2.6325
sum 687.05 234.04 570.0559 363.0713
mean 42.940625 14.6275
N 16
𝑆xx 570.0559
𝑆yy 363.0713 Y=a+bx=-13.2+0.648x
𝑆xy 369.4230
b = 𝑆xy/𝑆xx 0.648
a =Ymean -b*Xmean -13.200
Se 2
345.97105 a
8.833
b

c
 Xdi *Ydi xy x2
0.7530 562.0914 1796.9121
107.0706 110.8188 1120.9104
2.5657 723.1539 2272.4289
6.3687 778.72 2524.0576
-0.1383 615.4416 1873.1584
63.4862 1115.12 2766.76
82.3030 239.162 964.7236
21.3266 882.3528 2502.0004
34.2844 1078.6028 2216.5264
17.6441 889.3412 2216.5264
3.7065 524.2098 1671.9921
17.1593 432.0498 1392.0361
-3.1414 563.5655 1380.1225
10.8250 419.952 1630.5444
8.3095 817.9278 2060.2521
-3.1000 666.7375 1683.4609
369.4230 10419.247 30072.4123

=a+bx=-13.2+0.648x

volume( Mm3) area( Km2) depth Rainfall(m) R(mm)

1.2 40 3 23.823529
intensity(mm/hr) duration(hr) depth runoff(mm)
12 3 36 10.129649

63.31030625 63.30%
Time Discharge (m3/s) baseflow(m3/s) direct runoff(m3/s) Duration (hr) Volume(Mm3)
204 142 200 0
304 196 200 0 100 0
404 200 200 0 100 0
504 598 200 398 100 143.28
604 1308 200 1108 100 398.88
704 1018 200 818 100 294.48
804 1546 200 1346 100 484.56
904 3987 200 3787 100 1363.32
1004 1300 200 1100 100 396
1104 1200 200 1000 100 360
1204 2940 200 2740 100 986.4
1304 1148 200 948 100 341.28
1404 1380 200 1180 100 424.8
1504 815 200 615 100 221.4
1604 755 200 555 100 199.8
5614.2

By using constant slope methode

Time Discharge (m3/s) baseflow(m3/s) direct runoff(m3/s) Duration (hr) Volume(Mm3)
204 142 142 0 100 0
304 196 196 0 100 0
404 200 200 0 100 0
504 598 246.25 351.75 100 126.63
604 1308 292.5 1015.5 100 365.58
704 1018 338.75 679.25 100 244.53
804 1546 385 1161 100 417.96
904 3987 431.25 3555.75 100 1280.07
1004 1300 477.5 822.5 100 296.1
1104 1200 523.75 676.25 100 243.45
1204 2940 570 2370 100 853.2
1304 1148 616.25 531.75 100 191.43
1404 1380 662.5 717.5 100 258.3
1504 815 708.75 106.25 100 38.25
1604 755 755 0 100 0
4315.5
slope 0.4625
 stream flow hydrograph
4500
4000
3500
Discharge(m/s) 3000
2500
2000 Stream flow hydrograph
1500 BF
1000
500
0
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
20 40 60 80 10 0 1 2 0 1 4 0 1 6 0
Time

Stream flow hydrograph

4500
4000
3500
3000
Dicharge(m3/)

2500
BF
2000
Stream flow hydrograph
1500
1000
500
0
4 4 4 04 04 04 04
40 60 80 10 12 14 16
Time
 Given data Unit(in acre)
Total watershed area(A) 200
40% of A covered by agricultural land 80
cultivated land with conservation treatment(40% of 80) 32
meadow in good condition(35% of 80) 28
forest land with good cover(25% of 80) 20
60% of A covered by urban land 120
60% is 1/3-acre-lots 72
25% is ¼-acre lots 30
15 % is streets and road 18
Hydologic soil group:B
Rainfall(P):5 inch
AMC=II,henceCN=CN(II)
Curve Number(CN) CNw Storage(S) Rainfall(P) Runoff(Q)
70.97 4.090461 5 2.114068422768

71
58
55

72
75
98
 Determiantion of a 33-hr Unit Hydrograph from a 2-hr Unit Hydrograph by S-curve method
Time(hr) Q(cfs) S-curve addition(cfs) S-curve ordinate(cfs) S-curve lagged
(col.2+col.3) by 3-hr(cfs)
Column 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0
1 100 100
2 250 0 250
3 200 100 300 0
4 100 250 350 100
5 50 300 350 250
6 0 350 350 300
7 350 350 350
8 350 350 350
9 350 350 350
rve method
Difference 3-hr UH ordinate(cfs)
(col.4-col.5) col.6*(3/2)
6 7 S-hydrograph
0 0 400
100 66.6666666666667 350
250 166.666666666667 300
300 200 3-hr UH

Discharge(cfs)
250
2-hr UH
250 166.666666666667 200 S-curve
100 66.6666666666667
150
50 33.3333333333333
100
0 0
0 0 50
0 0 0
0 1 2 3
Time(hr) 4 5 6 7
3-hr UH
2-hr UH
S-curve

7
Stream flow hydrograph computation
Stream flow hydrograph = direct runoff hydrograph(DRH) + baseflow(BF)
Firstly the ordinate of direct-runoff is determined by using discrete
convolution equation given below.

Q=ordinate of the composite DRH(m 3/s)

U=ordinate of the UH(m3/s.cm)
m=2=pluses of excess rainfall
n=pluses of DR in storm=1,2,…7
6-hr UH excess rainfall p1*u(t) p2*u(t-6) ordinate of DRH
Time (hr) (m3/s.cm) (P)(cm) m3/s m3/s (m3/s)
column 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 0 5 0 0
6 1.8 15 9 0 9
12 30.9 154.5 27 181.5
18 85.6 428 463.5 891.5
24 41.8 209 1284 1493
30 14.6 73 627 700
36 5.5 27.5 219 246.5
42 1.8 9 82.5 91.5
 Stream flow hydrograph
1800
1600
Stream flow hydrograph
1400

Disscharge(m/s)
baseflow (m3/s) (m3/s)=col.6+col.7 1200
7 8 1000
100 100 800 Stream flow hydrogr

100 109 600

400
100 281.5
200
100 991.5 0
100 1593 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42
100 800 Time(hr)
100 346.5
100 191.5
ograph

Stream flow hydrograph

t/Tp Q/Qp Time, t (hr) Discharge2-hr UH
0.00 0.000 0 0.000 0.000
0.10 0.015 0.95 0.591 0.591
0.20 0.075 1.9 2.956 2.956
0.30 0.160 2.85 6.306 6.306
SCS dimentionless UH
0.40 0.280 3.8 11.035 11.035 1.2
0.50 0.430 4.75 16.947 16.947
1
0.60 0.600 5.7 23.646 23.646
0.70 0.770 6.65 30.346 30.346 0.8
0.80 0.890 7.6 35.075 35.075
0.6
SCS dimenti

Q/Qp
0.90 0.970 8.55 38.228 38.228
1.00 1.000 9.5 39.411 39.411 0.4
1.10 0.980 10.45 38.622 38.622 0.2
1.20 0.920 11.4 36.258 36.258
1.30 0.840 12.35 33.105 33.105 0
1.40 0.750 13.3 29.558 29.558 00 3 0 60 9 0 2 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 50 00
0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 1. 1 . 2 . 2. 3. 5.
1.50 0.660 14.25 26.011 26.011 t/Tp
1.60 0.560 15.2 22.070 22.070
1.80 0.420 17.1 16.552 16.552
2.00 0.320 19 12.611 12.611
2.20 0.240 20.9 9.459 9.459
2.40 0.180 22.8 7.094 7.094
2.60 0.130 24.7 5.123 5.123
2.80 0.098 26.6 3.862 3.862
3.00 0.074 28.5 2.916 2.916
3.50 0.036 33.25 1.419 1.419
4.00 0.018 38 0.709 0.709
4.50 0.009 42.75 0.355 0.355
5.00 0.004 47.5 0.158 0.158
tionless UH
2-hr UH
45.000
40.000
35.000

Discharge,Q(M3/S)
30.000
25.000
SCS dimentionless UH 20.000 2-hr UH
15.000
10.000
5.000
0.000
0 .9 .8 .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 19 .8 .6 25 75
1 3 5 7 9 1 1 13 15 2 2 26 33 . 4 2 .
0 50 00
3. 5.
Time(hr)
2-hr UH
 Years(t) Evapotranspiration tdi xdi t2di x2di xditdi
(in cm/year)
1 60.04 -9.5 -4.503 90.25 20.27701 42.7785
2 58.71 -8.5 -5.833 72.25 34.02389 49.5805
3 60.02 -7.5 -4.523 56.25 20.45753 33.9225
4 60.36 -6.5 -4.183 42.25 17.49749 27.1895
5 62.65 -5.5 -1.893 30.25 3.583449 10.4115
6 64.17 -4.5 -0.373 20.25 0.139129 1.6785
7 62.82 -3.5 -1.723 12.25 2.968729 6.0305 b=Stx/Stt=
8 64.41 -2.5 -0.133 6.25 0.017689 0.3325 a=
9 64.6 -1.5 0.057 2.25 0.003249 -0.0855 then
10 63.45 -0.5 -1.093 0.25 1.194649 0.5465 S2e=
11 65.35 0.5 0.807 0.25 0.651249 0.4035 then
12 64.65 1.5 0.107 2.25 0.011449 0.1605
13 67.37 2.5 2.827 6.25 7.991929 7.0675
14 66.27 3.5 1.727 12.25 2.982529 6.0445
15 68.39 4.5 3.847 20.25 14.79941 17.3115
16 66.77 5.5 2.227 30.25 4.959529 12.2485
17 68.24 6.5 3.697 42.25 13.66781 24.0305
18 68.04 7.5 3.497 56.25 12.22901 26.2275
19 66.53 8.5 1.987 72.25 3.948169 16.8895
20 68.02 9.5 3.477 90.25 12.08953 33.0315
Sum 210 1290.86 665 173.4934 315.8
Average 10.5 64.543
β 0
N 20
Stt 665
Sxx 173.49342
Sxt=Stx 315.8
X=a+bt
0.4748872180451
59.556684210526 59.556
X=59.556+0.475t
1.3068909189641 1.307
t 10.712