6

Science
Quarter 2 – Module 1: (Part 1)
Human Body System
Science – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Human Body System
First Edition, 2020

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 6
Science
Quarter 2 – Module 1: (Part 1)
Human Body System
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Human Body System.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Human Body System!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

iii
 Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module was created for the learners to deepen their understanding of the
different human body systems and their importance.

What makes you move, stand, play, and perform activities? What part of your
body helps you breathe? How do you protect yourself from varied conditioned around
you? All these questions will be answered as you go along this module.

Have fun discovering yourself!

After studying this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain how the organs of each organ system work together.
2. Identify the function of the organs of Musculo-Skeletal System
3. Describe how the organs of Musculo-Skeletal System work together
(S6LTII-a-b-1)

Performance Standard

Make a chart showing healthful habits that promote proper functioning of the
Musculo-skeletal system

1
 What I Know

Answer this following test to find out how much have you already know about
the topics to be discussed.

A. Label the different parts the skeletal system. Pick out your answer inside the
box below.
1.

3.
4.

5.
6.

8.

10.

Clavicle Rib cage Cardiac muscle

Femur Scapula Skeletal muscle

Patella Skull Smooth muscle

Pelvis Spinal Column tibia Radius

B. Name the different types of muscles shown in the picture.

If you got all the answers correctly it shows that you already know our topic
it is time for you to review because somehow you may learn new things regarding
this lesson. If you got a low score, it means that this module will help to understand
some important things about our topic to be discussed.

Enjoy studying…..

2
 Lesson

1 Musculo Skeletal System

The muscular system is made up of all the muscles in our body and the muscle
organs composed mainly of muscle cells which called muscle fiber or myocytes.

The human skeleton is the framework of our body and it performs different
movements so that we can move freely.

The human bones composed of around 206 bones at birth and it had more
than 300 bones. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around
the age of 21 and has an important role in our body.

What’s In

Let us find out if you still remember some different parts of the skeletal system
and their function by doing this activity.

Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct word being described. Write
your answer on a sheet of paper.

1. AGECRIB – consist of 12 ribs on each side of the body

2. MUREF – longest and strongest bones of the body
3. ONEBCAKB -it protects the spinal cord
4. CALVICLE – it is also called the collarbone
5. VILEPS – the lower part of the trunk of the human body
6. SHOTOM CLEMUS – A kind of involuntary muscle that is mainly
found in the walls of hollow internal organs
7. TARYVOLUNIN – kind of muscles that cannot be controlled
8. SPECIB – An example of skeletal muscle
9. CARCADI – it composed the walls of the heart
10. CLEMUS – it produced heat when you perform different activities

Notes to the Teacher

This module will help the students to identify the
different parts of the skeletal3 system
 What’s New

Do the following activities

1. Try to kick a ball without swinging your leg

2. Throw a ball with an arm wiggly as a rope

What did you have noticed while you doing the activities?

What is It

Getting your body move it, needs bones, muscles, and joints. If one of them is
absent them you will not be able to do what you need to do. They are also known
as the Musculoskeletal system.

The word “Musculoskeletal” is a combination of two-body systems the

muscular and skeletal system. They are working together and support the body to
move.

The musculoskeletal system provides shapes, support, stability, and

movement in our body. It is also containing the bones of the skeleton, muscles,
cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other attached tissue that support and bind
tissues and organs at the same time. The main purpose of the system is supporting
the body, allowing motion and secured the organs.

4
 The musculoskeletal system refers to the system having its muscles connected
to a central skeletal system and it is important for humans to act in a conducive
movement.

The system is the framework of our body consisting of bones and other
attached tissue that support the body tissue and internal organs. It also serves a
major function; it provides a structure of the body, support, and protection, permits
bodily movement, produces blood for the body and stores in minerals

The skeletal system is a framework for tissues and organs to connect

themselves. This system serves a protecting structure for important organs a major
example of this ; the brain protected by the skull and the lungs protected by the
chest.

Muscles are strong and elastic tissues that provide form to the body and
protect it from head to toe. It also assists us to do different activities and express the
different emotions through smiling when happy and frowning when sad.

The muscular system is an organ system containing skeletal, smooth, and

cardiac muscles. It allows motion of the body, keep the good posture and flows the
blood throughout the body.

a. Skeletal muscle - connected to the skeleton, it maintains the posture of the body
and voluntary control. Example: biceps and triceps
b. Cardiac muscle – it is found in our heart, the same as skeletal muscle and
involuntary in control. Example: heart muscle
c. Smooth Muscle – It is move food through the digestive tract an example of
involuntary muscle. Example: blood vessels and intestine.

Cardiac muscle Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle

5
 Now that you know the different parts and organs of the musculo-skeletal
system its time for you to practice the healthful habits that keep the
Musculoskeletal system in good condition.
• Eat foods that rich in proteins, minerals and calcium
• Maintain a good posture
• Exercise regularly
• Have enough rest and sleep
• Drink milk
• Avoid too much alcohol
• Don’t carry too many heavy things

What’s More

Read the following statement. Write TRUE if is correct and FALSE if is not.

________1. There are four different types of muscle tissue.

________2. Skeletal muscle work in pairs.

________3. The major function of the bones is to support our body.

________4. Musculoskeletal system is a combination of skeletal and

Cardiac muscles
________5. Smooth muscle is needed for the digestion of food.

________6. Skeletal system is the framework of our body.

________7. Getting your body to move requires muscles and joints.

________8. Skeletal muscle maintains the posture of body and voluntary

control.

________9. Muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth

and cardiac muscles.

_______10. You can have your everyday activities even without joints and
muscles.

6
 What I Have Learned

What are the different parts of Musculoskeletal and how do they function in
our body?

In this lesson, you have learned that the word “musculoskeletal” is the
combination of two body systems: the muscular and skeletal system. It is formed
from the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons. ligaments, joints, and
other connective tissue that support and binds tissues and organs together.

The primary function of the musculoskeletal system is supporting our body,

allowing motion and protecting vital organs.

The framework of our body is called the skeletal system because it is consists
of different bones and tissues which support the internal organs of the body however
the Muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and heart or
cardiac muscle.

• Skeletal muscle – binded to the bones

- maintain the body posture
- voluntary in control
• Smooth muscle – it moves the food through the digestive tract
- Involuntary muscle
• Cardiac muscle - found in our heart / heart muscle
- Similar to skeletal muscle
- Involuntary muscle

Some healthy reminders we need to know on how to take care Musculo-

skeletal system are: eat healthy foods, maintain good posture, have enough rest, and
exercise daily.

7
 What I Can Do

Listen to Zumba music and do one of this activity

• Stretching
• Walking/running in place
• Light cardio exercises

It will strengthen your muscle and improve yourself to perform your daily task.

Answer the following question:

1. What did you feel after doing the exercise? _____________________________________

2. Did you feel any pain on your muscle? _________________________________________

3. Do you feel better after doing the exercise? _____________________________________

4. Why?_________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Write the letter of your correct answer. Identify what is being described in each
number. Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. It serves as the framework of human body.

a. bones b. muscle c. skeleton

2. What is the main function of the skeleton?

a. Absorbs the red blood cells
b. Have a good posture in our body
c. Protect the delicate organ of the body

8
3. They are the muscles that can be controlled
a. Cardiac Muscle
b. Involuntary Muscles
c. Voluntary Muscle

4. What types of muscles that cannot be controlled

a. Cardiac Muscle
b. Involuntary Muscles
c. Voluntary muscle

5. It is a type of muscle that can be found in the stomach and intestine

a. Cardiac Muscle
b. Skeletal Muscle
c. Smooth Muscle

6. A muscle that is attached to the skeleton and maintains the posture of

the body
a. Cardiac Muscle
b. Skeletal Muscle
c. Smooth Muscle

7. A type of muscle that can be found in the heart.

a. Cardiac Muscle
b. Skeletal Muscle
c. Smooth Muscle

8. Why do you need exercise daily

a. to keep awake
b. to stay active
c. to maintain a healthy body

9. What holds the bones together at joints

a. ligaments
b. muscles
c. nerves

10. An organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

a. muscular system
b. Musculoskeletal system
c. skeletal system

9
 Additional Activities

Read the following healthful habits. Write inside the box the practices best
for our Musculo-skeletal system.

Musculoskeletal System

Sleep late Make a meal plan Make a stretching everyday

Take vitamins Consult to doctor Avoid drinking and smoking

Drink caffeine Exercise regularly Eat foods high in calcium

Stay hydrated Carry heavy things Have a heavy exercise

Soak up in the sun Remember rest day Take drugs that make your

muscle grow

10
 11
Assessment What’ more:
1. c 1. false
What I can do: 2.c 2. false
3.c 3. true
The answer is based
4. b 4. false
on children 5. c 5. true
6. b 6. true
7. a 7. false
8. c 8. true
9. a 9. true
10. a 10. false
Additional Activities: What’s In What I Know:
1. make stretching 1. Rib cage
everyday What’s New: 2. femur
3. backbone 1. skull
2. consult a doctor - the answer is 4. clavicle 2. clavicle
based on children 5. pelvis 3. scapula
3. make a mel plan 6. smooth 4. rib cage
. muscle 5. spinal
4. stay hydrated 7. involuntary column
8. biceps 6. pelvis
5. exercise regularly 7. radius
9. cardiac
10. muscle 8. femur
6. remember rest days
9. patella
7. take vitamins 10. tibia
8. soak up in the sun
B. 1. Skeletal
9. avoid drinking and muscle
smoking 2. cardiac
muscle
10. eat foods that high
3. smooth
in calcium
muscle
Answer Key
References

Real-Life Science 6 Kto12 Book 2016 by ABIVA Authors : Jovita H. San Pablo
and Rosalinda M. Cupcupin (Coordinator) Copyright 2016

Science Journey 6 Kto12 Book 2016 by Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House,

Incorporated Authors : Alvin L. Banlayas,Ryan Bautista, Liamie B. Carreon, Emma
Kino Philippine Copyright 2016

Downloaded materials from the internet.

DepEd (2016). K to 12 Curriculum Guide.Science

12
 What I Need to Know

This module was created for the learners to deepen their understanding of the
different human body systems and their importance.

What makes you move, stand, play, and perform activities? What part of your
body helps you breathe? How do you protect yourself from varied conditioned around
you? All these questions will be answered as you go along this module.

Have fun discovering yourself!

After studying this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain how the organs of each organ system work together.
2. Identify the function of the organs of the Integumentary System
3. Describe how the organs of the Integumentary System work together
(S6LTII-a-b-1)

Performance Standard

Make a chart showing healthful habits that promote proper functioning of the
Integumentary System

13
 What I Know

Answer this activity to find out how much have you already know about the topics
to be discussed.

A. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. How many organs are in the integumentary system?

a. 3 b. 4 c.5 d. 6

2. What is the largest organ in the human body?

a. hair b. intestine c. kidney d.skin

3. The carbon dioxide waste is removed by _______.

a. Digestive system c. Respiratory system
b. Muscular system d. Skeletal system

4. What do you call the thin layers of the skin and made up of many small
layers?
a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Sweat gland d. Sweat pores

5. What is the pigment that contain by melanin that gives color into the skin?
a. Langerhans b. squamous cell c. melanin d. Langerhans

6. What is the one type of epithelial cell that covers almost everywhere?
a. Langerhans b. Melanocytes c. Melanin d. Squamous cell

7. What do you call the substance that produce melanin?

a. Langerhans b. Melanocytes c. Melanin d. Squamous cell

8. What is the very small gland that you can find anywhere on your skin?
a. Langerhans cell c. Sudoriferous glands
b. Sebaceous cell d. Squamous cell

9. What is the scientific word for sweat gland?

a. Langerhans glands c. Sudoriferous glands
b. Sebaceous cell d. Squamous cells

10. What is the thicker inner layer of the skin?

a. Dermis b. epidermis c. glands d. tissue

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 B. Label the parts of the system. Pick out your answer below inside the box.

1.

2.

3.
4.

5.

Epidermis Hair Sebaceous gland

Follicle Sebum

If you got all the answers correctly it shows that you already
know our topic it is time for you to review because somehow you may
learn new things regarding this lesson.

If you got a low score, it means that this module will help you
to understand some important things about the topic to be discussed.

Enjoy studying…

15
 Lesson

2 Integumentary System

The Integumentary system protects the body, It regulates temperature, and

function water transfer. It prevents dehydration, stores fat and serve as first line of
defense of the body from the environment.

The other parts of the integumentary system also serves as the protection for
the body parts and from the microbes found in the environment that can be harmful
to inner organs.

What’s In

Identify what is being described in each sentence. Write your answer on the
space provided.

______1. What is the framework of our body?

a. bones b. muscle c. skeleton

_______2. What holds the bones together at joints?

a. ligaments b. muscles c. nerves

_______3. What is the main function of the skeleton?

a. It absorbs red blood cells
b. It exposes the internal organs
c. It protects the delicate organ of the body

_______4. Which Musculo skeletal structure connects bones at the

joint level?
a. ligament b. muscle fiber c. tendon

_______5. What muscles can be controlled?

a. cardiac muscles
b. involuntary muscles
c. voluntary muscles

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_______6. What is a place of union between 2 or more bones called?
a. joint b. ligament c. tendon

_______7. What part prevents the bone from rubbing again each other?
a. cartilage b. muscle c. tendon

______ 8. What type of muscle is found in the stomach and intestine?

a. cardiac muscle b. smooth muscle c. skeletal muscle

______ 9. What do we need to make our bones strong?

a. drink milk b. drink alcohol c. drink caffeine

_____ 10. What kind of vitamins is needed for a person who suffered from
osteoporosis?
a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin C c. Vitamin D

Notes to the Teacher

This module will help the students to identify the layers of the skin

What’s New

Our skin has an important job in protecting our bodies It protects our body
against invasion by infectious organs burns from fire or even in the sunburn we get
under the sun.
The different layers of the skin and how this organ work will be
discussed in our topic.

17
 Look at your body from head to toe. What have you observed?
What do you think when you look at skin in the mirror?

You will know the answers to these questions as you go through this
lesson.

What is It

The integumentary system contains the skin and its organ acting to secured
the body from different kinds of damage.

SKIN

The skin is the largest organ in the human body and also called integument
which means “covering”. Our skin serves as protection from microorganisms and
foreign substances. It has also a receptor that perceives information about changes
in the environment. The skin has three layers

epidermis

dermis

Subcutaneous tissue
(fat)

The outer layer of the skin is what we called the epidermis. It also contains a
pigment called melanin which is made in the inner layer of it, the amount of melanin
produced by the skin also affects the color of the person’s skin. There are many

18
different types of cells within the epidermis. A squamous cell which is flat and scaly
on the surface of the skin, melanocytes which produce melanin and langerhans
cells created in the bone marrow and move into the epidermis and help protect the
body against infection.

The dermis is the second and thickest layer of the skin. It also contains
structures including nerve cells, muscle fibers, sweat glands, oil glands, and hair
follicles. Located deep in the dermis are the sweat glands which help the body excrete
waste and control body temperature. The chemicals secreted to our body called
sweat.

The subcutaneous tissue is the lowest layer and made mostly of fat and stores
nutrients.

NAILS

Our fingernails are one of our body parts that we need to stay clean every day
because it serves as a reflection of ourselves.

This illustration will give you some idea of how the nail looks like

As you can see in the illustration, there is a crescent-shaped area and it is a

lunula. The hard part of the nail is made of skin tissue and skin around the nail
forms a hardened margin called a cuticle.

Eponychium
Proximal Nail fold
Lunula
Nail root
Nail body

Phalanx Hponychium
Epidermis Dermis

19
HAIR

According to them, we need to give an extra effort when taking care of our hair
because it serves as our crowning glory.

Hair is also a part of the system because it also contains keratin and develops
from epithelial cells. As you have noticed it grows everywhere on our body except on
lips, eyelids, palms, and sole of the feet. The base of our hair is known as the hair
bulb where nutrients received, and new cells are formed.

As you study the different parts of the integumentary system you should know
the different healthful habits on how to taking care of this body parts.[FB1]

• Brush your correctly

• Avoid too much bleaching
of hair
hair
• Wash your hair with
shampoo and conditioner

• Use sunscreen protection

skin • Get enough rest/sleep
• Avoid smoking

• Keep fingernails dry and

clean
nails
• Don’t bite your fingernails
• Trim at least twice a week
or as need

20
 What’s More

Matching type: Match the parts of the integumentary system in column A with
its functions in column B.

Column A Column B

1. Dermis a. the thickest layer of the skin

2. Epidermis
b. the outer layer of the skin
3. Hair c. the lowest layer of the skin
4. Keratin d. it produced melanin
5. Langerhans e. it is the largest organ of the body
6. Melanocytes f. it is flat and scaly on the surface of the
skin
7. Subcutaneous tissue g. it is contained by our hair to make it
soft and healthy
8. Skin h. cells created in bone marrow and
move into the epidermis
9. Squamous cell i. helps the body excrete waste and
control the body temperature

10. Sweat glands j. it grows everywhere on our body

except on lips, eyelids, palms, and sole
of the feet

What I Have Learned

What are the integumentary system and the different parts of it? How are they
working together?
In this lesson, you have learned that there are different organs in
integumentary system. These are the skin, nails, hair, and sweat glands.
The skin has different layers which are the epidermis as the thin outer layer
and made up of many small layers, dermis the inner layer of the skin and the
subcutaneous tissue, the deepest coating
of the skin.
The nails and the hair are the structures also related to our skin and they are
both made of keratin and grow from the epidermal layer of skin.

21
 And lastly is the sweat glands that help the body excrete waste and control
the body temperature.
The integumentary system protect the internal structures of the body from
damages and serves as a defense of the body from the environment.
Our body organs working together harmoniously although it is located into
different body parts function as one, thus we need to taking care of our body for a
healthy living.

What I Can Do

Now it’s your turn….

Discover yourself by finding out why our fingernails have a different
pattern.

Materials we need: ink pad or clay, pencil, and rug

Directions:

1. Roll or press your fingerprints on the inkpad/clay

2. Record you fingerprint by pressing it on the hands’ illustration

Answer the following question:

1. Look are your fingerprints, are they all the same? _______________
2. What did you see in your fingerprints? ________________________
3. How about the sizes of your fingernails are they the same? __________
Why? ______________________________
4. Why do you think that our fingerprints are important? _______________

22
 5. Did you find difficulty while doing our activities? _______________

Assessment

Write True if the statement is correct and False if not, then change the underlined
word.
________ 1. Our skin is important for excretion
________ 2. The sweat glands of the skin get rid of sweat as a waste product.
________ 3. There are six organs in integumentary system.
________ 4. The skin is made up of 5 layers.
________ 5. The dermis is the thin outer layer of the skin.
________ 6. The skin and nails contain a pigment called melanin
________ 7. The sebaceous gland is a very small gland that can only be seen under a
microscope.
________ 8. Nails are created when epidermal tissue hardens because of called protein
________ 9. Hair is an altered type of skin that grows everywhere on your body.
________ 10. The base of your hair root is known as the hair bulb.

Additional Activities

Write down tips on how you can take care of your:

A. Skin

b. Nail

23
 24
Additional Activities:
- the answer is based
on children
Assesstment:
What’s more:
1. true
2.true 11. a
3. false, 5 12. b
4. false. 3 13. j
5. false epidermis 14. g gland
6. true 15. h 5. sebaceous
7. true 16. d 4. follicle
8. false melanin 17. c 3. sebum
9. true 18. e 2. epidermis
10. true 19. f B. 1. Hair
20. i
What’s In:
a 10.
What I Can Do: c 9.
11. c a 8.
The answer is based 12. a a 7.
on children 13. c a 6.
14. a b 5.
15. c a 4.
16. a a 3.
17. a a 2.
18. b a 1.
19. a
20. c
What I Know:
Answer Key
References

Real-Life Science 6 Kto12 Book 2016 by ABIVA Authors : Jovita H. San Pablo
and Rosalinda M. Cupcupin (Coordinator) Copyright 2016

Science Journey 6 Kto12 Book 2016 by Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House,

Incorporated Authors : Alvin L. Banlayas,Ryan Bautista, Liamie B. Carreon, Emma
Kino Philippine Copyright 2016

Downloaded materials from the internet.

DepEd (2016). K to 12 Curriculum Guide.Science

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation
Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section
(LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph

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