CELLS

Grade 10

Teacher: Miss .S.Wisdom

 Accurately define the cell as the basic unit of structure and
Define function of living organisms. with 90% accuracy

Accurately state that organisms can be unicellular or

State multicellular and give examples of each.

OBJECTIVES
Identify and Identify and Compare the structures of a typical
( unspecialised ) plant and animal cells and microbes virus ,
compare fungi and bacteria) with 85% accuracy

Relate selected structures/ organelles (nucleus, cytoplasm,

Relate vacuole, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplast)
to their specific functions with 70% accuracy
 OBJECTIVES
• Draw and label a typical animal , plant and microbe cell with
75% accuracy
• Understand that cells can be divided into
prokaryotic( microorganisms ) and eukaryotic cells ( plant
and animal cells )with 80% accuracy
• differentiate the structures of a typical ( unspecialised ) plant
and animal cells and microbes virus , fungi and bacteria) with
85% accuracy (
QUESTIONS

• 1.What is a cell?

• 2.What are the two main types of cells?

• 3.Identify two types eukaryotic of cells

• 4.Identify the different organelles in each

cell
QUESTIONS (10 MINS)

1. What is a cell?
2. What are the two main types of cells?
3. Identify two types eukaryotic of cells
4. Identify the different organelles in each cell
VIDEO TIME ( PAY AT T E N T I O N )
LINK:HTTPS
: / / W W W. Y O U T U B E . C O M / WAT C H ? V = P X U J I T LV 8 W
C
QUESTIONS 8 MINS

• What is a cell?
Cells are the basic living components of Organism . In other words, it is referred to the “units
of life “.Cells are microscopic in size.
• What are the two main types of cells?
prokaryotic cell - found in unicellular organisms like bacteria and amoebae and eukaryotic
cells-found in multicellular organisms
• Identify two types eukaryotic of cells-Plants and animal cells.
• Identify the different organelles in each cell
• Cell Wall, Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Vacuole, Cytoplasm Chloroplasts. Mitochondria
• nything else ??
 W H AT I S A CELL?

• Cells are the basic living components of Organism . In

other words, it is referred to the “units of life “
• Cells are microscopic in size.

• A cell is the smallest working unit of all living organisms on

our planet earth, which can perform life functions. Hence it
can also be defined as a fundamental unit of life.
• There are many cells in an individual, which performs several
functions throughout the life.
• The different types of cells include- prokaryotic cell, plant,
and animal cell.
W H AT I S A CELL?
• The size and the shape of the cell range from milli-meter (mm)to micrometer ( µm), which are
generally based on the type of function that it performs.

• A cell generally varies in their shapes.

• A few cells are in spherical, rod, flat, concave, curved, rectangular, oval, and etc. These cells
can only be seen under microscope.
LABEL ME (1 MIN)
 1.Cytoplasm:
LABEL ME (
2.Nucleus

3. Cell
membrane

4.mitochondria

5.Cell wall found

only in plant cells

6.Large vacuole
found only in
plant cells

7.Chloroplast
found only in
plant cells
PHOTOGRAHS OF CELLS AS SEEN
UNDER A MICROSCOPE

Onion cell
Cheek cell
A TYPICAL PLANT CELL
A TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
S T U D E N T S D R AW T H E FOLLOWING
DIAGRAMS
C E L L S T R U C T U R E ( PA RT O F A C E L L )
LINK:HTTPS://YOUTU.BE/NKC9AIJF7
GI
 Cell Membrane

•Cell Wall

CELL •Cytoplasm
STRUCTURE
•Mitochondria
( PA RT O F A
CELL) Vacuole

•Nucleus

•Chloroplasts.
C E L L WA L L

• Found only in plants cells

• Located outside the cell membrane.

• Cell wall are rigid non-living structures composed mainly of

a material called CELLULOSE
• The cell wall also gives the plant cell its shape.
N U C L E U S

• The nucleus is a spherical or ovoid

structure located in the cytoplasm.
• It is surrounded by a membrane, the
nuclear membrane, which is like the cell
membrane.
• It is the very important organelle of a cell
as it controls the complete activity of a
cell and plays a vital role in reproduction.

• Within the nucleus is the DNA

CELL MEMBRANE

• The outer living structure of all cells is called the Cell

Membrane otherwise called the plasma membrane.
• . It is a double layered, thin barrier, surrounding the cell to
control the entry and exit of certain substances.
CYTOPLASM

• The cytoplasm is a clear jelly-like substance comprising mainly of water.

• It contains many dissolved substances as well as several small structures, referred to

as organelles.
• These structures include mitochondria, vacuoles and in some plant cells, chloroplasts .

• It is a membrane, which protects the cell by keeping the cell organelles separate from
each other.
• This helps to keep a cell in stable. Cytoplasm is the site, where many vital biochemical
reactions take place.
 MITOCHONDRIA

•
Mitochondria (is the power house of the cell)
• These are tiny cylindrical structures found in all

living cells.
• They are more numerous in some cells than in

others.
• Can You think of Any ???

• They are vital to all cells for energy production.

VA C U O L E S

• These are fluid-filled spaces surrounded by a

membrane .

• In plant cells, vacuoles are large and permanent,

often filling most of the cell.

• It helps in maintaining its shape and it also stores

water, food, wastes, etc.

• Fluid in vacuoles also known as CELL SAP .

 CHLOROPLASTS

• These are relatively large oval-shaped bodies found in the

green parts of plants.
• They contain the pigment CHLOROPYLL. , which are
present in chlorophyll bacteria, blue-green algae, etc.
• Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts.
 G R A D E D A S S I G N M E N T:

In group four (4) write a song /Jingle / poem about cells

should include:
The definition of cells
The cell structure and functions.

20 marks

Due next Friday.

PROKARYOTIC CELL (BACTERIA )
https://youtu.be/b15Hy3jCPDs
1 . W H AT D O A N I M A L A N D P L A N T C E L L S
H AV E I N C O M M O N ? 4 M R K
2 . D R AW A N D L A B E L A M I C R O B E C E L L

3.CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENCES

BETWEEN AND ANIMAL AND PLANT CELL
TIME FOR A
LITTLE QUIZ !!

• Posted in Google
classroom .
 TH A NK YO U
AN D
H AV E A G OOD DAY