Parts of an atom

Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

1. Complete the following table:

Part of the atom Location in the Symbol Electric charge Relative mass
atom
Proton

Neutron

Electron

Note: All atoms of the SAME element have the same number of protons. 

2. Define electron cloud

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3. Label the following parts of an atom

4. Thinking: A magnesium atom has 12 protons in its nucleus. 

How many electrons does this magnesium atom need to have in order to have a net charge of
zero?
In an atom, number of electrons = number of protons (an atom is neutral) 
 5. Atomic number, mass number, and atomic mass:

Read the following paragraph, then answer the questions that follow:

Atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons. In fact, the number of
protons determines what atom we are looking at (e.g., all atoms with six protons are carbon
atoms); the number of protons in an atom is called the  atomic number. In contrast, the
number of neutrons for a given element can vary. Forms of the same atom that differ only in
their number of neutrons are called isotopes. Together, the number of protons and the
number of neutrons determine an element’s mass number: mass number = protons +
neutrons. If you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has, you can simply subtract
the number of protons, or atomic number, from the mass number.
A property closely related to an atom’s mass number is its atomic mass.
The atomic mass of a single atom is simply its total mass and is typically expressed in atomic
mass units or amu.
Source: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/chemistry--of-life/elements-and-
atoms/a/atomic-number-atomic-mass-and-isotopes-article

a. How are two atoms of the same element alike?

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b. Define the following: atomic number (symbol Z)

- atomic number (symbol Z)
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- Mass number (Symbol A)
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- Atomic mass
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 c. How are the atomic number, mass number, and number of neutrons related?
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d. Refer to the following diagram and answer the questions that follow:
- Label the following subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

- Give the atomic number:

- Give the mass number:
- How many electrons does this atom have?

e. What is the atomic number of a sodium atom that has 11 protons and 12 neutrons?

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- What is the mass number of this sodium atom?

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Note: A = Z + N   Then, N = A – Z and Z= A- N

f. Complete the following table:

Atomic number Mass number Atomic mass Number of protons Number of neutrons
9 10

14 15

47 25

55 u 25