US - Baze Podataka - 2022 Za Stampu

81,9(5=,7(76,1*,'8180
0ODGHQ9HLQRYLü
*RUDQâLPLü
$OHNVDQGDU-HYUHPRYLü
0LODQ7DLU
%$=(
32'$7$.$
7UHüHL]GDQMH
%HRJUDG
%$=(32'$7$.$
$XWRUL
GU0ODGHQ9HLQRYLü
GU*RUDQâLPLü
GU$OHNVDQGDU-HYUHPRYLü
PVU0LODQ7DLU
5HFHQ]HQWL
GU0LODQ0LORVDYOMHYLü
GU%UDQNR.RYDþHYLü
GU9ODGLVODY0LãNRYLF
,]GDYDþ
81,9(5=,7(76,1*,'8180
%HRJUDG'DQLMHORYD
ZZZVLQJLGXQXPDFUV
=DL]GDYDþD
GU0LORYDQ6WDQLãLü
3ULSUHPD]DãWDPSX
-HOHQD3HWURYLü
'L]DMQNRULFD
$OHNVDQGDU0LKDMORYLü
7LUDå
SULPHUDND
âWDPSD
6OXåEHQLJODVQLN%HRJUDG
,6%1
&RS\ULJKW
8QLYHU]LWHW6LQJLGXQXP
,]GDYDþ]DGUåDYDVYDSUDYD
5HSURGXNFLMDSRMHGLQLKGHORYDLOLFHOLQHRYHSXEOLNDFLMHQLMHGR]YROMHQD
Baze podataka
6$'5ä$-
Predgovor za novo izdanje.................................................................................... XI

Predgovor stari .....................................................................................................XII
1 . UVOD ....................................................................................................................1
1.1 Istorijat razvoja baza podataka ..................................................................3
1.2 Vrste baza podataka ...................................................................................6
1.2.1 /LþQHED]HSRGDWDND ...............................................................................7
1.2.2 %D]HSRGDWDND]DUDGQHJUXSH ................................................................8
1.2.3 %D]HSRGDWDNDRGHOMHQMD.........................................................................8
1.2.4 %D]HSRGDWDNDRUJDQL]DFLMD ....................................................................9
1.2.5 ,QWHUQHW,QWUDQHWL([WUDQHWED]HSRGDWDND...........................................10
2 . 261291,.21&(37,,'(),1,&,-( ..........................................................13
2.1 Podatak ....................................................................................................13
2.2 ,QIRUPDFLMD...............................................................................................14
2.3 0HWDSRGDFL- SRGDFLRSRGDFLPDPHWDGDWD ...........................................16
2.4 6LVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDND ..................................................17
2.5 3ULPHQDED]DSRGDWDND ............................................................................19
3 . ./$6,ý1,6,67(0,6$'$727(.$0$,%$=(32'$7$.$ ..............20
3.1 1HGRVWDFLVLVWHPD]DVQRYDQRJQDGDWRWHNDPD ........................................21
3.2 3ULVWXS]DVQRYDQQDED]DPDSRGDWDND .....................................................22
3.3 3UHGQRVWLSULVWXSD]DVQRYDQRJQDED]DPDSRGDWDND ...............................23
3.4 7URãNRYLLUL]LFLSULVWXSD]DVQRYDQRJQDED]DPDSRGDWDND.....................25
4. 02'(/29$1-( ..............................................................................................27
4.1 5D]YRMNRQFHSWXDOQLKPRGHOD..................................................................28
4.1.1 (QWLWHWL ..................................................................................................29
4.1.2 9H]HL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD ............................................................................29
4.1.3 7URVORMQDDUKLWHNWXUD]DDSVWUDNFLMXSRGDWDND ......................................31
4.2 Modeli baza podataka ..............................................................................33
III
Baze podataka
4.2.1 +LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHO...............................................................................34
4.2.2 0UHåQLPRGHO .......................................................................................35
4.2.3 5HODFLRQLPRGHO ...................................................................................36
4.2.4 2EMHNWQLPRGHO .....................................................................................39
4.3 Model objekti veze ..................................................................................40
4.3.1 'LMDJUDPLREMHNWL-YH]H'29.............................................................41
4.3.2 Objekti ..................................................................................................42
4.3.3 $WULEXWL .................................................................................................42
4.3.4 Veze .....................................................................................................43
4.3.5 3URãLUHQLPRGHOREMHNWLYH]H3029 .................................................45
4.3.6 3ULPHU ...................................................................................................46
6758.7851$6,67(06.$$1$/,=$66$ ...........................................49

5.1 )XQNFLRQDOQDGHNRPSR]LFLMD ...................................................................51
5.1.1 -DFNVRQRYLGLMDJUDPL ............................................................................51
5.1.2 3UDYLODXNUHLUDQMX-DFNVRQRYLKGLMDJUDPD ..........................................52
5.2 'LMDJUDPLWRNRYDSRGDWDND'73 ...........................................................54
5.2.1 .RQWHNVWXDOQLGLMDJUDPL .......................................................................59
5.2.2 'LMDJUDPWRNDSRGDWDNDQLYRD..........................................................61
5.2.3 .RPSOHWDQSULPHUGHNRPSR]LFLMHNUR]'73 .......................................62
5.3 5HþQLNSRGDWDND.......................................................................................66
5.3.1 'HILQLVDQMHVWUXNWXUD ............................................................................66
5.3.2 'HILQLVDQMHSROMD ..................................................................................68
5.3.3 'HILQLVDQMHGRPHQD ..............................................................................69
5(/$&,21,02'(/32'$7$.$ ...............................................................71
6.1 Istorija i razvoj .........................................................................................71
6.2 .OMXþQLNRQFHSWL.......................................................................................72
6.3 .RPSRQHQWHXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSRGDWDND ..........................................74
6.3.1 âHPDUHODFLMH ........................................................................................74
6.3.2 5HODFLMD.................................................................................................75
6.3.3 5HODFLRQa baza podataka ......................................................................75
IV
Baze podataka
6.3.4 6XSHUNOMXþ ...........................................................................................76

6.3.5 .DQGLGDWNOMXþ ......................................................................................76
6.3.6 3ULPDUQLNOMXþ .......................................................................................76
6.3.7 SpROMQLNOMXþ .........................................................................................77
6.3.8 18//YUHGQRVW ....................................................................................77
6.4 ,QWHJULWHWSRGDWDNDXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOX ................................................78
6.4.1 .RULVQLþNDSUDYLODLQWHJULWHWD ...............................................................78
6.4.2 ,GHQWLILNDFLRQLLQWHJULWHW .......................................................................78
6.4.3 5HIHUHQFLMDOQLLQWHJULWHW ........................................................................79
5(/$&,21$$/*(%5$ .................................................................................81
7.1 5HVWULNFLMDV ..........................................................................................82
7.2 3URMHNFLMDS ...........................................................................................83
7.3 8QLMD ..................................................................................................86
7.4 5D]OLND- ................................................................................................88
7.5 Presek - ................................................................................................90
7.6 'HNDUWRYSURL]YRGu .............................................................................91
7.7 6SDMDQMH! ...........................................................................................93
7.7.1 T VSDMDQMH..............................................................................................94
7.7.2 (NYLVSDMDQMH ........................................................................................94
7.7.3 3ULURGQRVSDMDQMH..................................................................................94
7.8 'HOMHQMH ...............................................................................................96
8 . SQL ......................................................................................................................97
8.1 MySQL server .........................................................................................98
8.1.1 3RVWXSDNLQVWDODFLMH0\64/5'%06 .................................................98
8.1.1.1 ,QVWDODFLMD0\64/QD:LQGRZVRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX ..................98
8.1.1.2 ,QVWDODFLMD0\64/QD*18/LQX[RSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX ..............98
8.1.2 ,QWHUDNFLMDVDVHUYHURP ......................................................................101
8.1.2.1 .RQHNFLMDQDVHUYHUQD:LQGRZVRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX ...............101
8.1.2.2 .RQHNFLMDQDVHUYHUQD*18/LQX[RSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX ...........101
V
Baze podataka
8.1.3 .RQ]ROD0\64/VHUYHUD....................................................................102
8.2 6LQWDNVD64/MH]LND ...............................................................................102
8.2.1 1HRVHWOMLYRVWQDYHOLNDLPDODVORYD ...................................................102
8.2.2 %HOLQH .................................................................................................103
8.2.3 .RPHQWDUL...........................................................................................103
8.3 Tipovi podataka .....................................................................................105
8.3.1 7HNVWXDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDND .................................................................105
8.3.2 1XPHULþNLWLSRYLYUHGQRVWL ................................................................106
8.3.3 9UHPHQVNLWLSRYLSRGDWDND ................................................................107
8.3.4 6SHFLMDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDND ..................................................................107
8.3.5 Odabir tipa podatka ............................................................................108
8.4 64/NUR]SUDNWLþDQSULPHU ....................................................................109
8.4.1 $QDOL]DLGHNRPSR]LFLMDSRVORYQRJSURFHVD ......................................109
8.4.2 ,GHQWLILNRYDQMHHQWLWHWD.......................................................................110
8.4.3 ,GHQWLILNRYDQMHL]ULþLWLKDWULEXWDHQWLWHWk ............................................111
8.4.4 ,GHQWLILNRYDQMHUHODFLMDL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD .............................................112
8.4.5 2EMHGLQMDYDQMHHQWLWHWDLDWULEXWD .......................................................119
8.4.6 8VNODÿLYDQMHVD.219(1&,-20,0(129$1-$ .........................119
8.4.7 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWDXUHODFLRQLPRGHO.............................................122
8.4.8 *UDILþNLSULND]WDEHODLUHODFLMD ..........................................................123
8.4.9 Model baze podataka..........................................................................124
8.4.10 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHED]HSRGDWDND- &5($7(7$%/( ........126
8.4.11 64/QDUHGED]DRGDELUED]Hpodataka - 86( ...................................126
8.4.12 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHWDEHOH- &5($7(7$%/( .....................127
8.4.13 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHWDEHOH- '5237$%/( .............................132
8.4.14 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHLQGHNVD- &5($7(,1'(; ...................132
8.4.15 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHLQGHNVD - '523,1'(; ...........................133
8.4.16 64/QDUHGED]DL]PHQXWDEHOH- $/7(57$%/( ............................133
8.4.17 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHUHIHUHQFL- )25(,*1.(< ...................136
8.4.18 0DQLSXODFLMDSRGDFLPD .....................................................................139
8.4.19 64/QDUHGED]DGRGDYDQMHSRGDWDND- ,16(57 ...............................139
VI
Baze podataka
8.4.20 64/QDUHGED]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDND- 6(/(&7 ............................147

8.4.21 6SDMDQMHVHWRYDUH]XOWDWD- UNION ...................................................154
8.4.22 )LOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWD- :+(5(...........................................................154
8.4.23 *UXSLVDQMHUH]XOWDWDLIXQNFLMHDJUHJDFLMH- *5283%<..................157
8.4.24 'UXJLVWHSHQILOWULUDQMD- +$9,1* ...................................................160
8.4.25 0HKDQL]DPVRUWLUDQMDUH]XOWDWD- 25'(5%< ..................................161
8.4.26 2JUDQLþDYDQMHHWDUH]XOWDWD- LIMIT .................................................162
8.4.27 8JQMHåGHQLXSLWL ................................................................................164
8.4.28 5DGVDSRJOHGLPD- 9,(: ................................................................165
8.4.29 64/QDUHGED]DL]PHQXpodataka - 83'$7( ..................................168
8.4.30 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHSRGDWDND- '(/(7(..................................170
8.4.31 5DGVDSURPHQOMLYDPD .......................................................................172
8.4.32 Rad sa WUDQVDNFLMDPD- 75$16$&7,21 .........................................173
8.4.33 5DGVDRNLGDþLPD- 75,**(5 ..........................................................175
8.4.34 8JUDÿHQHIXQNFLMH- )81&7,21 ......................................................176
8.4.35 8JUDÿHQHSURFHGXUH- 352&('85( ...............................................177
8.4.36 =DND]LYDQMHRGORåHQLKSRVORYD- (9(17 .........................................179
8.4.37 ýHVWRNRULãüHQHIXQNFLMH ...................................................................181
8.4.38 8SUDYOMDQMHNRULVQLFLPD- 86(50$1$*(0(17 .........................183
8.4.39 8SUDYOMDQMHSUDYLPDNRULVQLND- 35,9,/(*( ..................................185
9 . 5(/$&,-(/2â(6758.785(,1250$/,=$&,-$ ............................186
9.1 5HGXQGDQVDLDQRPDOLMHDåXULUDQMD ........................................................187
9.1.1 9LãHVWUXNRXQRãHQMHSRGDWDND ............................................................188
9.1.2 9LãHVWUXNREULVDQMHSRGDWDND .............................................................188
9.1.3 9LãHVWUXNHL]PHQHSRGDWDND ...............................................................188
9.2 )XQNFLRQDOQD]DYLVQRVW ..........................................................................190
9.3 3RVWXSDNQRUPDOL]DFLMH ..........................................................................193
9.3.1 3UYDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1) ...............................................................194
9.3.2 'UXJDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1) ............................................................195
9.3.3 7UHüDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1) .............................................................196
VII
Baze podataka
9.3.4 %R\FH-&RGGQRUPDOQDIRUPD%&1) ...............................................196

9.4 'HQRUPDOL]DFLMD .....................................................................................197
10. 75$16$.&,-( .............................................................................................199

10.1 'HILQLFLMDWUDQVDNFLMH .............................................................................200
10.2 2VRELQHWUDQVDNFLMD ................................................................................200
10.3 &200,7L52//%$&. ......................................................................202
10.4 .RQNXUHQWQRL]YUãDYDQMHWUDQVDNFLMD .....................................................203
10.5 3URWRNRO]DNOMXþDYDQMD...........................................................................204
10.6 Oporavak baze podataka ........................................................................206
11. %$=(32'$7$.$,$3/,.$&,-( ...........................................................207

11.1 6ORMHYLWDVWUXNWXUDDSOLNDFLMD .................................................................208
11.1.1 7URVORMQLPRGHONDRRVQRYQLPRGHO ..................................................208
11.1.2 9LãHVORMQLPRGHOL ..............................................................................209
11.1.3 $SOLNDFLMHVHUYLVLQH]DYLVQHVRIWYHUVNHNRPSRQHQWH .....................210
11.2 6SHFLILþQRVWLSULVWXSD%3L]UD]OLþLWLKDSOLNDFLRQLKVORMHYD ...................212
11.2.1 3ULVWXSSRGDFLPDL]SUH]HQWDFLRQRJVORMD .........................................212
11.2.2 3ULVWXSSRGDFLPDL]VORMDSRVORYQHORJLNH ........................................218
11.2.3 3ULVWXSL]VORMDSRGDWDNDSR]LYXJQMHåGHQLKSURFHGXUD ..................220
11.3 7HKQRORJLMHNRMHRPRJXüDYDMXUD]PHQXSRGDWDNDL]PHÿX%3
LDSOLNDFLMD…………………………………………………………….222
11.3.1 2'%&2EMHFW'DWDEDVH&RQQHFWLYLW\ ............................................222
11.3.2 $'2$FWLYH;'DWD2EMHFWV ...........................................................224
11.3.3 '$2'DWD$FFHVV2EMHFWV .............................................................225
11.3.4 -'%&-DYD'DWDEDVH&RQQHFWLYLW\ .................................................226
11.3.5 (QWHUSULVH-DYD%HDQV .......................................................................227
11.3.6 2NUXåHQMD]DLQGLUHNWDQSULVWXS68%3250)UDPHZRUNV ............229
12. ;0/,%$=(32'$7$.$ ........................................................................231

12.1 2SãWHR;0/-X ......................................................................................231
12.2 ;0/ SURãLUHQMH]D64/64/;0/ ...................................................235
VIII
Baze podataka
12.2.1 )XQNFLMH]DNUHLUDQMH;0/GRNXPHQWD ............................................236

12.2.2 ;0/WLSSRGDWDNDX68%3 ...............................................................239
12.2.3 3UDYLOD]DPDSLUDQMH ..........................................................................240
12.3 0DQLSXODFLMDQDG%3NRMHVDGUåH;0/IRUPDW,UDQHSRGDWNH
1DWLYH;0/%3 ..................................................................................241
12.3.1 ;3DWK .................................................................................................241
12.3.2 ;4XHU\ ..............................................................................................244
13. 6./$',â7(1-(32'$7$.$'$7$:$5(+286,1*....................250

13.1 $UKLWHNWXUDVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND...............................................................251
13.1.1 3URãLUHQDDUKLWHNWXUD .........................................................................252
13.2 /RJLþNLGL]DMQVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND ..........................................................253
13.2.1 )RUPLUDQMHGLPHQ]LMD ........................................................................253
13.2.2 6KHPD]YH]GH ....................................................................................253
13.2.3 SKHPDSDKXOMLFH ................................................................................257
13.3 ,]GYDMDQMHWUDQVSRUWWUDQVIRUPDFLMDLXþLWDYDQMHSRGDWDND
(7/SURFHV ..........................................................................................258
13.3.1 ,]GYDMDQMHHNVWUDNFLMDSRGDWDND ......................................................259
13.3.2 7UDQVSRUWSRGDWDND ............................................................................260
13.3.3 7UDQVIRUPDFLMDLXþLWDYDQMHSRGDWDND ...............................................261
13.4 3URPHQDDåXULUDQMHSRGDWDNDXVNODGLãWX ............................................264
13.4.1 3ULPHUDåXULUDQMDWDEHOHVNODGLãWD .....................................................265
13.5 $JUHJLUDQMHSRGDWDNDXVNODGLãWX ...........................................................265
13.5.1 52//83HNVWHQ]LMD ..........................................................................266
13.5.2 &8%(HNVWHQ]LMD ...............................................................................267
13.5.3 )XQNFLMHLVNXSRYL]DJUXSLVDQMH .......................................................270
13.6 $QDOLWLþNHRSHUDFLMH ...............................................................................271
13.6.1 2/$3IXQNFLMH ..................................................................................271
13.6.2 1DSUHGQRSUHWUDåLYDQMHSRGDWDND ......................................................272
14. 1R64/%3 .......................................................................................................274

14.1 Uvod ......................................................................................................274
,;
Baze podataka
14.2 0RWLYLQDVWDQND1R64/'%06 ............................................................274

14.3 2VQRYQLSULQFLSL1R64/%3 .................................................................277
14.3.1 $JUHJDFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDND.............................................................277
14.4 1R64/'%06RUJDQL]DFLMDSRGDWDND ...................................................279
14.4.1 6NODGLãWDNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWSDURYD......................................................279
14.4.2 6NODGLãWDGRNXPHQWD .........................................................................281
14.4.3 6NODGLãWDIDPLOLMDNRORQD ...................................................................282
14.4.4 *UDIRYVNDVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND ............................................................284
14.5 NoSQL DBMS – PRGHOLGLVWULEXLUDQMDSRGDWDND ..................................286
14.6 0DS5HGXFHNRQFHSW .............................................................................289
14.7 3ULPHUL1R64/'%06..........................................................................291
15. 35,0(5,=$02'(/29$1-( .................................................................292

15.1 $GUHVDUQDPRELOQRPWHOHIRQX ..............................................................292
15.2 Biblioteka ...............................................................................................294
15.3 0DJDFLQ .................................................................................................297
15.4 %DQND .....................................................................................................299
15.5 0DUNHWLQãNDDJHQFLMD .............................................................................300
15.6 (OHNWURQVNRJODVDQMH ..............................................................................301
15.7 (OHNWURQVNDSURGDYQLFD..........................................................................304
Literatura ..............................................................................................................307
;
Baze podataka
35('*2925=$1292,='$1-(
8RYRPL]GDQMXXGåEHQLND%D]HSRGDWDNDL]YUãHQHVXQHRSKRGQHL]PHQHXRGQRVX
QD SUHWKRGQR L]GDQMH NRMH VX QDVWDOH NDNR ]ERJ NRQFHSWXDOQLK QDSUHGDND X REODVWL
PRGHORYDQMD ED]D WDNR L QD RVQRYX LVNXVWYD DXWRUD X UHDOL]DFLML RYRJ SUHGPHWD
2VQRYQLWHNVWMHXQDSUHÿHQJUDILþNHLOXVWUDFLMHVXSREROMãDQHDVYHXRþHQHJUHãNHVX
LVSUDYOMHQH 1DMYHüD L]PHQD VH RGQRVL QD SRWSXQR QRYX JODYX JGH MH NUR] MHGDQ
NRQNUHWDQ L SUDNWLþDQ SULPHU SUHGVWDYOMHQ QDþLQ XSRWUHEH XSLWQRJ MH]LND 64/ 3RUHG
WRJDSRWSXQRQRYDMHLJODYDQDWHPX1R64/ED]DSRGDWDNDNRMHGDQDVGRPLQLUDMX
QD :HE-X 7R VX skalabiOQL VLVWHPL RWYRUHQRJ NRGD RPRJXüDYDMX PDQLSXODFLMX
KHWHURJHQLPVDGUåDMLPDNRMLQHPRJXGDVHQRUPDOL]XMXLNRMLVXGLVWULEXLUDQLQD:HE-
X1R64/ED]HLPDMXRVQRYQXSUHGQRVWGDLPVHSHUIRUPDVHQHXPDQMXQHVPDQMXMH
VH YUHPH RG]LYD NDGD WRNRP HNVSORDWDFLMH GROD]L GR QDJRPLODYDQMD SRGDWDND ãWRMH
NDUDNWHULVWLþQR ]D SRGDWNH QD ,QWHUQHWX 8 RYRP L]GDQMX L]RVWDYOMHQD VX XSXWVWYD ]D
NRULãüHQMHNRQNUHWQLKVRIWYHUD]DUDGVDED]DPDSRGDWDNDSRãWRVHQRYHYHU]LMHYHRPD
EU]RXYRGHXRSHUDWLYQXXSRWUHEXþLPHRVQRYQLWHNVWNQMLJHEU]R]DVWDUHYD7DNRÿH
SRMDYOMXMXVHQRYLVRIWYHULNRMLUDGHGLUHNWQRQD:HE-XSR]LYDQMHPNUR]EUDX]HUEH]
SRWUHEHGDVHYUãLLQVWDODFLMD
$XWRULVHQDGDMXGDüHWHNVWGDWXRYRPL]GDQMXXGåEHQLNDELWLSULKYDüHQRGVWUDQH
VWXGHQDWD L GD MH NRQNUHWQLML L XSRWUHEOMLYL ]D VDYODGDYDQMH ED]D SRGDWDND 6YH
SULPHGEHQDWHNVWVXGREURGRãOH
%HRJUDGVHSWHPEDUJRGLQH
;,
Baze podataka
PREDGOVOR STARI
.QMLJD %D]H SRGDWDND MH QDPHQMHQD VWXGHQWLPD 8QLYHU]LWHWD 6LQJLGXQXP ]D

SULSUHPXLVSLWDL]SUHGPHWD%D]HSRGDWDNDDOLPRåHELWLRGNRULVWLLVYLPDRQLPDNRML
NUR] SUDNVX L WHRULMX VDYODGDYDMX ED]H SRGDWDND 8 WRNX L]ODJDQMD PDWHULMH DXWRUL VH
QLVX YH]LYDOL ]D NRQNUHWDQ VRIWYHUVNL VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND YHü VX
QDVWRMDOL GD QD MHGQRP PHVWX SULNDåX VYH NRQFHSWH X ED]DPD SRGDWDND X VNODGX VD
VDYUHPHQLPNUHWDQMLPDXRYRMREODVWL'RPLQDQWQRVXUD]PDWUDQLNRQFHSWLUHODFLRQRJ
PRGHODNRMLMHVWHRVQRYD]DQDMYHüLEURMSRVORYQLKDSOLNDFLMD
8GåEHQLNMHSRGHOMHQXQHNROLNRGHORYD1DSRþHWNXVHL]QRVHRVQRYQLNRQFHSWLL
GHILQLFLMH NRMH VH NRULVWH X ED]DPD SRGDWDND ýLWDODF VH SRODNR YRGL RG NODVLþQLK
VLVWHPD]DUDGVDSRGDFLPDNRMLVX]DVQRYDQLQDSURJUDPVNLPMH]LFLPDLGDWRWHNDPD
ND SUDYLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND NRMH VH ]DVQLYDMX QD VLVWHPX ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD
SRGDWDND 8 QDVWDYNX VH UD]PDWUD PRGHORYDQMH L XYRGH UD]OLþLWL PRGHOL SRGDWDND
RQDNRNDNRVXVHLVWRULMVNLSRMDYOMLYDOL%D]HSRGDWDNDQHSRVWRMHVDPH]DVHEH2QHVX
RVQRYDLQIRUPDFLRQLKVLVWHPDNDNRYHOLNLKWDNRLPDOLKRUJDQL]DFLMDDSURMHNWXMXVH
VD FLOMHP GRELMDQMD SUDYRYUHPHQLK LQIRUPDFLMD ]D GRQRãHQMH RGOXND =ERJ WRJD MH
SRVHEQD SDåQMD SRVYHüHQD VWUXNWXUQRM VLVWHPVNRM DQDOL]L NDR SRþHWQRP NRUDNX X
SURMHNWRYDQMX ED]D SRGDWDND 'HWDOMQR MH UD]PRWUHQ UHODFLRQL PRGHO SRGDWDND D X
RNYLUX QMHJD SRVHEQD SDåQMD MH SRVYHüHQD LQWHJULWHWVNLP NRPSRQHQWDPD NRMH
RPRJXüDYDMX RGUåDYDQMH NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL MHGQH ED]H SRGDWDND 8 QDVWDYNX MH XNUDWNR
UD]PDWUDQD UHODFLRQD DOJHEUD NDR RVQRYD ]D XSLWQH MH]LNH D ]DWLP VX SULND]DQH
PRJXüQRVWL0\64/-DVDVYLPQMHJRYLPVSHFLILþQRVWLPD]DUDGVDUHODFLRQLPED]DPD
SRGDWDND1DSULPHULPDUHODFLMDORãHVWUXNWXUHGLVNXWRYDQLVXNDUDNWHULVWLþQLSUREOHPL
NRML VH RGQRVH QD DQRPDOLMH DåXULUDQMD D ]DWLP MH REMDãQMHQ SRVWXSDN QRUPDOL]DFLMH
RYDNYLK UHODFLMD 'HWDOMQR MH GLVNXWRYDQ L SRVWXSDN GHQRUPDOL]DFLMH NRML VH XSUNRV
WHRULMVNLP SRVWDYNDPD þHVWR NRULVWL X FLOMX SRYHüDQMD HILNDVQRVWL SRVHEQR NRG
L]YHãWDYDQMD'DQDVVHED]HSRGDWDNDXJODYQRPNRULVWHXPUHåQRPRNUXåHQMXJGHVH
YLãH WUDQVDNFLMD NRQNXUHQWQR L]YUãDYD QDG LVWRP ED]RP SRGDWDND 'LVNXWRYDQL VX
PHKDQL]PL NRML RPRJXüDYDMX QHVPHWDQ SDUDOHODQ UDG YLãH WUDQVDNFLMD 'HWDOMQR VX
UD]PRWUHQL PHKDQL]PL ]DNOMXþDYDQMD NRML RPRJXüDYDMX SRX]GDQRVW NRG SDUDOHOQRJ
L]YUãDYDQMDYLãHWUDQVDNFLMDQDGLVWRPED]RPSRGDWDNDLLVWLPSRGDFLPD8VNODGXVD
UD]YRMHP VDYUHPHQLK ,QWHUQHW DSOLNDFLMD L :HE VHUYLVD VLVWHPDWLþQR VX SULND]DQH
UD]OLþLWH WHKQLNH SRYH]LYDQMD ED]D SRGDWDND L DSOLNDFLMD 3RVHEQR VH UD]PDWUD
UDVORMDYDQMHDSOLNDFLMDþLPHVHSRVWLåHYHüDIXQNFLRQDOQRVWVDPLKDSOLNDFLMDLODNãHVH
]DGRYROMDYDMXQDNQDGQL]DKWHYLNRULVQLND
;,,
Baze podataka
3RVHEQR SRJODYOMH NRMH RYDM XGåEHQLN þLQL DNWXHOQLP MH GHR RNR ED]D SRGDWDND L
;0/-DExten-sible Markup Language8VOHGþHVWLKSURPHQDXSUHGX]HüLPDSRVWRML
SRWUHED L ]D XGUXåLYDQMHP LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD X þLMRM RVQRYL VX ED]H SRGDWDND
)RUPDWLVWUXNWXUDSRGDWDNDX%3RVWDMXQHSURPHQMHQLPHQMDVHVDPRQDþLQQMLKRYRJ
SUHGVWDYOMDQMD - QMLKRYD SUH]HQWDFLMD YDQ %3 'UXJLP UHþLPD - UD]OLþLWH DSOLNDFLMH X
RNYLUX LVWRJ LOL UD]OLþLWLK LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD UD]PHQMXMX SRGDWNH NDR ;0/
GRNXPHQWDþLMLMHVDGUåDMKLMHUDUKLMVNLVWUXNWXLUDQLRSLVDQUHþQLNRPSRGDWDNDWDNRGD
VX PRJXüH EU]H WUDQVIRUPDFLMH VDGUåDMD L]PHÿX ;0/ WHNVWXDOQRJ IRUPDWD L IRUPDWD
FLOMQH%33URL]YRÿDþLVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMH%3VXRWLãOLLNRUDNQDSUHG- RPRJXüHQR
MHVNODGLãWHQMH SRGDWDND X;0/ IRUPDWX RPRJXüHQLVX GLUHNWQLXSLWL PDQLSXODFLMDL
WUDQVDNFLMHQDG;0/IRUPDWLUDQLP SRGDFLPD 2YDNYR UHãHQMHMH SUHSR]QDWR QDURþLWR
NDR SRWUHED XQXWDU NRPSDQLMD XQXWDU LVWRJ ,6 MHU VH L]EHJDYD GYRVWUXND
WUDQVIRUPDFLMDSRGDWDNDL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMD- XþHVQLNDXUD]PHQL
1D NUDMX L]ORåHQ MH WHRULMVNL GHR RNR VNODGLãWHQMD SRGDWDND 8 VDYUHPHQLP
SRVORYQLP VLVWHPLPD SRVWRML SRWUHED NRULãüHQMD SRGDWDND L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD .DR
SRVOHGLFDSRGDFLELWQL]DSURFHVHXSUDYOMDQMDXWDNYLPVORåHQLPVLVWHPLPDQLVXYLãH
QDMHGQRPPHVWXQDMHGQRM%3QLWLVXGHRLVWRJ,63URL]YRÿDþL68%3LSRVORYQLK,6
VXSRGUåDOLRSLVDQHSRWUHEHIOHNVLELOQLPVRIWYHUVNLPUHãHQMLPDQDPHQMHQLP]DSRGUãNX
XRGOXþLYDQMX2YLVLVWHPLQLVXQDPHQMHQL]DWUDQVDNFLRQXREUDGXSRGDWDNDNDRãWRMH
WRVOXþDMNRQYHQFLRQDOQLK,6YHüVXQDPHQMHQL]DHNVWUDNFLMXWUDQVSRUWWUDQVIRUPDFLMX
SRGDWDNDL]UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUD]DWLPQMLKRYXDQDOLWLþNXREUDGXXUHDOQRPYUHPHQX2YL
SURFHVL VX REXKYDüHQL MHGQLP WHUPLQRP - 6NODGLãWHQMH SRGDWDND Data Wareho-
using.DRUH]XOWDWQDYHGHQLKSURFHVDGRELMDMXVHVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDNRMDVHUD]OLNXMX
RGNRQYHQFLRQDOQLK%3
1DNUDMXXGåEHQLNDGDWLVXNDUDNWHULVWLþQLSULPHUL]DPRGHORYDQMHLSURJUDPLUDQMH
D NRQVWUXLVDQL VX RG ODNãLK ND WHåLP SUREOHPLPD 8 GRGDWNX VX SULND]DQL
NDUDNWHULVWLþQLVRIWYHULNRMLVHãLURNRNRULVWH]DPRGHORYDQMHLUDGVDED]DPDSRGDWDND
$XWRUL VX VH SRWUXGLOL GD L]ODJDQMH EXGH ãWR MDVQLMH GD QH RSWHUHWH þLWDRFD
NRPSOHNVQLP PDWHPDWLþNLP DSDUDWRP QLWL NRQNUHWQLP VRIWYHUVNLP DODWLPD D VYH X
FLOMX ãWR MDVQLMHJ SUHGVWDYOMDQMD ED]D SRGDWDND 6YL VDYHWL L HYHQWXDOQH SULPHGEH QD
WHNVWVXGREURGRãOL
%HRJUDGJRGLQH
$XWRU
;,,,
Baze podataka
1 UVOD
BD]HSRGDWDNDVXQDPHQMHQH]DSULNXSOMDQMHRUJDQL]RYDQMHþXYDQMHLPDQLSXODFLMX
SRGDFLPD QD RVQRYX NRMLK VH GRELMDMX LQIRUPDFLMH NRMH VX SRWUHEQH NUDMQMLP
NRULVQLFLPD 2EDYH]DQ VX GHR VDYUHPHQLK GLVWULEXLUDQLK DSOLNDFLMD L RPRJXüDYDMX
QHVPHWDQR L]YUãDYDQMH NRQNXUHQWQLK DSOLNDFLMD NRMH UDGH X UHDOQRP YUHPHQX L LPDMX
SRWUHEX]DLVWRYUHPHQLPSULVWXSRPSRGDFLPDXQRVEULVDQMHPHQMDQMHþLWDQMH6OXåH
NDR SRGUãND SRVORYDQMX NDR QHL]RVWDYQL GHR LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD UD]OLþLWH QDPHQH
,PDMX UD]YLMHQH PHKDQL]PH ]D RSRUDYDN SRGDWDND X VOXþDMHYLPD RWND]D VLVWHPD LOL
QDUXãDYDQMDVDPLKSRGDWDNDXED]L%D]DPDSRGDWDNDVHPRåHXSUDYOMDWLQDQDþLQGDVH
UD]OLþLWLP NRULVQLFLPD PRJX GHILQLVDWL VSHFLILþQH SULYLOHJLMH ]D SULVWXS L NRULãüHQMH
podataka.
%D]DPDSRGDWDNDSULVWXSDMXXGDOMHQLNRULVQLFLSULPHQRPUD]OLþLWLKWHKQRORJLMDNDR
ãWR VX :HE þLWDþL browser-L GLJLWDOQL WHOHIRQL JRYRUQL DXWRPDWL L VO =ERJ YHOLNH
NRQNXUHQFLMH X VYLP REODVWLPD SRVORYDQMD PRåH VH RþHNLYDWL GD WHKQRORJLMD ED]D
SRGDWDNDGRELMHMRãYHüL]QDþDM0HQDGåHULWUDåHQDþLQGDL]ED]HSRGDWDNDEUåHGRÿX
GRQRYLKVD]QDQMDNDNRELELOLXSUHGQRVWLXRGQRVXQDVYRMXNRQNXUHQFLMX1DSULPHU
GHWDOMQD ED]D SRGDWDND R SURGDML VH PRåH LVNRULVWLWL NDNR EL VH VD]QDOR NRML NXSFL
NXSXMXNRMHSURL]YRGHãWRVHNRULVWLNDRRVQRYD]DUHNODPXLPDUNHWLQãNXNDPSDQMX
2UJDQL]DFLMHPRJXGDXNOMXþHXVYRMHED]HSRGDWDNDSURFHGXUHNRMHVH]RYXRNLGDþL-
WULJHUL alerts NRML XSR]RUDYDMX R PRJXüLP YDQUHGQLP GRJDÿDMLPD NDR ãWR VX
SUHGVWRMHüLQHGRVWDWDN]DOLKDQHNHUREHLOLãDQVD]DSURGDMXGRGDWQHNROLþLQHUREHLQD
RVQRYX NRMLK PRJX QDVWDWL RGJRYDUDMXüH UHDNFLMH 0QRJH RUJDQL]DFLMH GDQDV SUDYH
SRVHEQHED]HSRGDWDNDNRMHVH]RYXÄVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND³data werehousesNRMHVOXåH
zDDSOLNDFLMH]DSRGUãNXXRGOXþLYDQMX
,]XþDYDQMHED]DSRGDWDNDLVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDNDMHVXRVQRYD]D
L]XþDYDQMH LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD 6WUXþQMDN ]D LQIRUPDFLRQH VLVWHPH PRUD GD EXGH
VSUHPDQGDDQDOL]LUDSRWUHEHSUHGX]HüDLGDGL]DMQLUDLLPSOHPHQWLUDED]HSRGDWDNDX
RNYLUX UD]YRMD LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD MHGQH RUJDQL]DFLMH 7DNRÿH PRUD GD EXGH
VSUHPDQGDVHNRQVXOWXMHVDNUDMQMLP NRULVQLFLPDLGDLPSRNDåHNDNRVHNRULãüHQMHP
ED]D SRGDWDND PRåH LPDWL EROMD SRGUãND ]D RGOXþLYDQMH þLPH VH VWYDUD SUHGQRVW QDG
NRQNXUHQFLMRP âLURNR UDVSURVWUDQMHQR NRULãüHQMH ED]D SRGDWDND YH]DQLK ]D ,QWHUQHW
VDMWRYH NRML YUDüDMX GLQDPLþNH LQIRUPDFLMH NRULVQLFLPD :HE VDMWD ]DKWHYD RG
SURMHNWDQWDGDUD]XPHQHVDPRNDNRGDSRYHåHED]XSRGDWDNDVDVDMWRPYHüLNDNRGD
MH]DãWLWLWDNRGDVHQMHQRPVDGUåDMXPRåHSULVWXSLWLDOLQHLL]PHQLWLRGVWUDQHVSROMQLK
NRULVQLND
3RVWRML SXQR QDþLQD NDNR VH PRåH GHILQLVDWL ED]D SRGDWDND 8 RVQRYL WR MH VNXS
SRGDWDNDNRMLVXRUJDQL]RYDQLSUHPDSRWUHEDPDNRULVQLNDNRMLVHRGUåDYDMXLNRMLVH
NRULVWH]DGRELMDQMHLQIRUPDFLMD0RGHUQHED]HSRGDWDNDVXþXYDMXQDUDþXQDUXDOLWR
QLMH ELWQR ]D VDPX GHILQLFLMX 1D SULPHU DGUHVH SR]QDQLND L SULMDWHOMD NROHNFLMD
1
Baze podataka
ILOPRYDQD&'-RYLPDWHOHIRQVNLLPHQLNLWGVXWDNRÿHED]HSRGDWDNDPDGDLKYHüLQD
OMXGLWDNRQH]RYH0HÿXWLPVPHãWDQMHED]HSRGDWDNDQDUDþXQDURPRJXüDYDODNãXL
EUåX REUDGX SRGDWDND L GRELMDQMH åHOMHQH LQIRUPDFLMH .DUDNWHULVWLþDQ MH SULPHU VD
WHOHIRQVNLPLPHQLNRPNRMLVHQDOD]LQDSDSLUX-HGQRVWDYQRMHSURQDüLWHOHIRQVNLEURM
åHOMHQHRVREHDOLMH]QDWQRWHåHSURQDüLLPHRVREHQDRVQRYXWHOHIRQVNRJEURMD$NRMH
WHOHIRQVNL LPHQLN YHüL YLãH XVNODGLãWHQLK SRGDWDND SUHWKRGQL SUREOHP VH GRGDWQR
XVORåQMDYD 5DþXQDUVNL ]DVQRYDQH ED]H SRGDWDND RPRJXüDYDMX MHGQRVWDYQR L EU]R
GRELMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD 3RUHG RVQRYQLK LQIRUPDFLMD L] RGJRYDUDMXüH ED]H SRGDWDND VH
PRJXGRELWLLSRVHEQHLQIRUPDFLMH1DSULPHUXWHOHIRQVNRJLPHQLNDPRJXVHL]OLVWDWL
SRGDFL ]D VYH RVREH SR LPHQX QSU 0DUNR PRJX VH L]OLVWDWL VYH RVREH NRMLPD
WHOHIRQVNLEURMSRþLQMHQSUVDRVREHNRMLPDVHWHOHIRQVNLEURM]DYUãDYDVDLMRã
PQRJRWRJD
Slika 1.1: %D]HSRGDWDNDQHNDGDLGDQDV
1DUD]YRMED]DSRGDWDNDSUHVXGQRMHXWLFDRUD]YRMUDþXQDUDUDþXQDUVNLKPUHåDNDR
L NOLMHQWVHUYHU REUDGH ,VWUDåLYDQMH SURMHNWRYDQMH L XSRWUHED ED]D SRGDWDND VX YUOR
EU]R SRND]DOL QL] VYRMLK GREULK VWUDQD NDR ãWR VX VPDQMHQL WURãNRYL RGUåDYDQMD
VPDQMHQD SRWUHED ]D PUHåQLP UHVXUVLPD SREROMãDQ LQWHJULWHW SRGDWDND GRQRãHQMH
LVSUDYQLKRGOXNDQDRVQRYXREMHNWLYQLKLQIRUPDFLMDEUåDUHDNFLMDQDWUåLãWXLWG
%D]D SRGDWDND VPHãWHQD X UDþXQDUX SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH QL]RP ELWD RUJDQL]RYDQLK X

EDMWRYH D VD YLãH EDMWRYD X RGJRYDUDMXüHP IRUPDWX ]DSLVXMX VH YUHGQRVWL SRMHGLQLK
SRGDWDND L SUHGVWDYOMDMX MHGQR SROMH ED]H SRGDWDND 1L] SROMD VH RUJDQL]XMH X ]DSLVH
UHNRUGHNRMLLPDMX]QDþHQMHMHUPRJXGDSUHGVWDYOMDMXRSLVQHNRJREMHNWDL]UHDOQRJ
VYHWDLOLQHNHYH]HL]PHÿXREMHNDWDUHDOQRJVYHWD=DSLVLLVWRJIRUPDWDVHVODåXLþLQH
GDWRWHNH NRMH VX IL]LþNL ]DSLVDQH QD GLVNX %D]D SRGDWDND REXKYDWD YLãH SRYH]DQLK
GDWRWHND L PRåH ELWL FHQWUDOL]RYDQD QD MHGQRP UDþXQDUX LOL GLVWULEXLUDQD QD YLãH
PHÿXVREQR XGDOMHQLK UDþXQDUD 3RUHG SRGDWDND NRML VX ]DSLVDQL X ED]L SRGDWDND
SRVWRMH L SRVHEQL SRGDFL NRMLPD VH RSLVXMX SRMHGLQDþQH GDWRWHNH QMHQH RVRELQH
2
Baze podataka
NDUDNWHULVWLþQL SDUDPHWUL L] GDWRWHND XVSRVWDYOMHQH PHÿXVREQH YH]H SUDYLOD NRMD VH

RGQRVQDSRMDYHNRMHSRVWRMHLXUHDOQRPVYHWXLVO7DNYLSRGDFLVH]RYXPHWD-SRGDFL
metadataWMSRGDFLRSRGDFLPD.RULVWHVHSULSRNUHWDQMXUDGDVDED]RPSRGDWDND
NDNRELVHPRJOLXþLWDWLVYLNRQILJXUDFLRQLSRGDFLRGJRYDUDMXüHED]Hself-describing
1.1 ,6725,-$75$=92-$%$=$32'$7$.$
1DVWDQDN ED]D SRGDWDND VH YH]XMH ]D Herman-a Holerith-D NRML MH JRGLQH
SULMDYLRSDWHQW– VLVWHP]DDXWRPDWVNXREUDGXSRGDWDND$23RSRSLVXVWDQRYQLãWYDX
6$'3RGDFLQDEXãHQLPNDUWLFDPDVXUXþQRXQRãHQLXXUHÿDM ]DRþLWDYDQMHDREUDGD
SRGDWDND VH RGQRVLOD QD SUHEURMDYDQMH 3URJUDPLUDQMH VH VYRGLOR QD L]ERU YUVWH
SUHEURMDYDQMDDUDGLORVHUXþQLPSUHVSDMDQMHPNRQWDNDWD'RWDGDãQMDREUDGDSRGDWDND
popisa trajala je 10-WDN JRGLQD D VD Holerith-RYLP L]XPRP YUHPH RErade bilo je
VPDQMHQR QD ãHVW QHGHOMD Herman Hollerith MH RVPLVOLR LGHMX SR NRMRM VH VYDNL
VWDQRYQLN 6$' SUHGVWDYOMD QL]RP RG NDUDNWHUD – LPH JRGLãWH LWG SRSXQMHQLK
SUD]QLP SURVWRULPD GD EL VH ]D VYD LPHQD REH]EHGLOD LVWD GXåLQD WDNR GD ED]D
podatakD EXGH ÄSRUDYQDWD³ 2Q MH XVSHR GD SURGD NRQFHSW VYRMH PDãLQH L EXãHQH
NDUWLFH NRMH VX VOXåLOH ]D þXYDQMH SRGDWDND X VWDWLVWLþNRP ELURX 6$' 7DNR MH SRSLV
VWDQRYQLãWYDL]JRGLQHELRSUYDDXWRPDWL]RYDQDED]DSRGDWDNDNRMDVHXVXãWLQL
VDVWRMDODRGKLOMDGDNXWLMDSXQLKEXãHQLKNDUWLFD2GHollerith-RYHNRPSDQLMHQDVWDRMH
GDQDãQML,%0
Slika 1.2: ,]JOHG+ROlHULWK-RYHEXãHQHNDUWLFHLPDãLQH]DRþLWDYDQMHNDUWLFD
1DNRQ'UXJRJVYHWVNRJUDWDXNRPSDQLMDPDLYODGLQLPLQVWLWXFLMDPDSRþHOLVXVH
SRMDYOMLYDWL SUYL HOHNWURQVNL UDþXQDUL 2QL VX VH þHVWR NRULVWLOL XSUDYR ]D MHGQRVWDYQH
OLQHDUQH ED]H SRGDWDND QDMþHãüH ]D UDþXQRYRGVWYR ,SDN YUOR EU]R ERJDWL NXSFL VX
SRþHOL GD ]DKWHYDMX YLãH RG QMLKRYLK HNVWUHPQR VNXSLK PDãLQD 6YH MH WR YRGLOR GR
UDQLKED]DSRGDWDND=DQLPOMLYRRYHUDQHDSOLNDFLMHVXQDVWDYLOHGDNRULVWH+ROOHULWK-
RYH EXãHQH NDUWLFH QH]QDWQR PRGLILNRYDQH X RGQRVX QD RULJLQDOQL GL]DMQ
3
Baze podataka
1HIOHNVLELOQRVW SROMD LVWH GXåLQH ED]H SRGDWDND SRNUHWDQH NRORQVNLP EXãHQLP
NDUWLFDPD XþLQLOH VX UDQH UDþXQDUH PHWRP QDSDGD L ãDOD L SRWSXQRP PLVWHULMRP ]D
RELþQRJþRYHND
9HüLQD SUYRELWQLK ED]D SRGDWDND VH RGQRVLOD QD VSHFLILþQH SURJUDPH QDSLVDQH ]D
VSHFLILþQHED]HSRGDWDND=DUD]OLNXRGPRGHUQLKVLVWHPDNRMLPRJXELWLSULPHQMHQLQD
SRWSXQRUD]OLþLWHED]HSRGDWDNDRYLVLVWHPLVXELOLXVNRSRYH]DQL]DED]XSRGDWDNDGD
EL RVLJXUDOL EU]LQX QD XãWUE IOHNVLELOQRVWL 6LVWHPL XSUDYOMDQMD ED]DPD SRGDWDND VX VH
SUYL SXW SRMDYLOL WRNRP -WLK JRGLQD L QDVWDYLOL VX GD VH UD]YLMDMX WRNRP VOHGHüLK
GHFHQLMD 8 YHüLQL VOXþDMHYD SHULRG XYRÿHQMD MH GXJR WUDMDR VNRUR GHFHQLMX SUH
QDYHGHQHJRGLQHSRþHWNDXSRWUHEH1DSULPHUUHODFLRQLPRGHOMHSUYLSXWGHILQLVDQRG
VWUDQH()&RGGX WHNVWXREMDYOMHQRPJRGLQH0HÿXWLPUHODFLRQLPRGHOQLMHELR
ãLURNRSULKYDüHQVYHGR-WLKJRGLQD
1960-te
7RNRPRYRJSHULRGDVLVWHPL]DVQRYDQLQDGDWRWHNDPDVXLGDOMHLPDOLGRPLQDQWQX
XORJX3DLSDNSUYLVLVWHPL]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]RPSRGDWDNDVXXYHGHQLXRYRMGHFHQLML
LNRULãüHQLVXQDMSUHVDPRNRGYHOLNLKLVORåHQLKSURMHNDWDNDRãWRMHWRELRSURMHNDW
VOHWDQMD$SROR-DQD0HVHF2YDMSHULRGPRåHPRSRVPDWUDWLNDRSHULRG¶GRND]LYDQMD¶
XNRPMHGHPRQVWULUDQDVSRVREQRVWRYLKVLVWHPDGDXSUDYOMDMXRJURPQLP NROLþLQDPD
SRGDWDND 7DNRÿH SUYL QDSRU GD VH VWDQGDUGL]XMX SUHGX]HW MH VD IRUPLUDQMHP '%7*
JUXSHData Base Task GroupWRNRPNDVQLK¶-LKJRGLQD
1970-te
7RNRPRYHGHFHQLMHXSRWUHEDVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]RPSRGDWDNDMHSRVWDMDOD
NRPHUFLMDOQD VWYDUQRVW +LMHUDUKLMVNL L PUHåQL VLVWHPL ]D XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD VX
XYHGHQLYHOLNLPGHORP]ERJSRWUHEH]DVLVWHPRP NRMLüHPRüLGDXSUDYOMDVORåHQLP
VWUXNWXUDPD SRGDWDND NDR ãWR VX UDþXQL IDEULND SUL QDEDYFL VLURYLQD NRMLPD MH ELOR
L]X]HWQR WHãNR XSUDYOMDWL SUHNR NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK PHWRGD 2YL PRGHOL VH L VXãWLQVNL
VPDWUDMXSUYRPJHQHUDFLMRPVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]RPSRGDWDND2EDSULVWXSDVX
VHãLURNRSULPHQMLYDOD]DSUDYRPQRJLRGWLKVLVWHPDVXXXSRWUHELLGDQDV3DLSDN
LPDOLVXQHNROLNRYHOLNLKQHGRVWDWDND
x 7HåDN SULVWXS SRGDFLPD =D SULVWXS L QDMMHGQRVWDYQLMLP SRGDFLPD ELOL VX

SRWUHEQLL]X]HWQRVORåHQLSURJUDPL
x 9HRPD RJUDQLþHQD QH]DYLVQRVW SRGDWDND WDNR GD VH SURJUDPL QLVX PRJOL
L]RORYDWLRGSURPHQDXIRUPDWXSRGDWDND
x 1LMHSRVWRMDODQLMHGQDãLURNRSULKYDüHQDWHRULMVNDSRGORJD]DELORNRMLRGRYLK
PRGHOD]DUD]OLNXRGUHODFLRQRJPRGHODSRGDWDND
4
Baze podataka
1980-te
'DELVHSUHYD]LãODRYDRJUDQLþHQMD()&RGGNDRLPQRJLGUXJLUD]YLOLVXPRGHO
UHODFLRQLK SRGDWDND WRNRP ¶-LK JRGLQD 2YDM PRGHO NRML VH VPDWUD GUXJRP
JHQHUDFLMRP '%06-D GRåLYHR MH ãLURNX NRPHUFLMDOQX XSRWUHEX X SRVORYQRP VYHWX
WRNRP ¶-LK JRGLQD 6D UHODFLRQLP PRGHORP VYL SRGDFL VX SUHGVWDYOMHQL X IRUPL
WDEHOH 5HODWLYQR MHGQRVWDYDQ SURJUDPVNL MH]LN þHWYUWH JHQHUDFLMH QD]YDQ 64/
NRULãüHQ MH ]D GRELMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD 2YDM PRGHO MH REH]EHGLR MHGQRVWDYDQ SULVWXS
SRGDFLPDLRQLPOMXGLPDNRMLQLVXELOLSURJUDPHULSUHYD]LOD]HüLQDWDMQDþLQMHGQXRG
QDMYHüLKSULPHGELNRMDMHSUDWLODVLVWHPHSUYLKJHQHUDFLMD0RGHOMHWDNRÿHSRNazao i
VYRMXSRJRGQRVW]DNRPXQLNDFLMXQDUHODFLMLNOLMHQWVHUYHUSDUDOHOQLSUHQRVSRGDWDNDL
XSRWUHEXJUDILþNRJNRULVQLþNRJLQWHUIHMVD*8,
1990-te
2YH JRGLQH VH R]QDþDYDMX NDR QRYD UDþXQDUVND HUD QDMSUH QD QLYRX UDþXQDUVNH
NRPXQLNDFLMH QD UHODFLML NOLMHQWVHUYHU D SRWRP VD VWYDUDQMHP VNODGLãWD ]D SRGDWNH L
XSRWUHERP ,QWHUQHW DSOLNDFLMD NRML VX GRELMDOL VYH YLãH QD YDåQRVWL X RYRP SHULRGX
.DRãWRMHXSUDYOMDQMHSRGDFLPDRGVWUDQH'%06-DSRVWDORYLVRNRSULPHQMLYRQSUX
UDþXQRYRGVWYX WRNRP RVDPGHVHWLK JRGLQD PXOWLPHGLMDOQL SRGDFL XNOMXþXMXüL L
JUDILNX ]YXN VOLNH L YLGHR ]DSLV VX SRVWDOL XRELþDMHQD VWYDU WRNRP GHYHGHVHWLK
JRGLQD.DNRELVHL]ERULOLVDVYHVORåHQLMLPSRGDFLPDWRNRPGHYHGHVHWLKVXXYHGHQL
VLVWHPLRNUHQXWLNDREMHNWXNRMLVHVPDWUDMXWUHüRPJHQHUDFLMRP=ERJYHOLNHSRWUHEH
]DRUJDQL]DFLMRPRJURPQHNROLþLQHSRGDWDNDNDNRVWUXNWXLUDQLKWDNRLQH VWUXNWXLUDQLK
SRGDWDNDRYDMLSUHWKRGQLVLVWHPVXXXSRWUHELLGDQDV1HNLSURL]YRÿDþLþDNUDGHQD
UD]YRMX NRPELQRYDQLK VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND NDNR EL PRJOL GD
XSUDYOMDMXREHPDYUVWDPDLVWLK
Od 2000. godine
1DUDYQRSRVWDYOMDVHSLWDQMH XNRPSUDYFXüHGDNUHQHUD]YRM'%06WHKQRORJLMDX
QDUHGQRPSHULRGX,DNRüHQHVXPQMLYRGRüLGRQRYLKL]QHQDÿHQMDPRåHPRRþHNLYDWL
QDVWDYDNGREURXVSRVWDYOMHQLKWUHQGRYD
x 0RJXüQRVWXSUDYOMDQMDVYHVORåHQLMLPWLSRYLPDSRGDWDND2YLWLSRYLXNOMXþXMXL
više GLPHQ]LRQH SRGDWNH NRML VX YHü GRELOL QD YDåQRVWL X DSOLNDFLMDPD
VNODGLãWHQMDSRGDWDND
x 1DVWDYDN UD]YRMD ¶XQLYHU]DOQLK VHUYHUD¶ =DVQRYDQL QD VLVWHPX WUHüH JHQHUDFLMH
DBMs-D WR VX VHUYHUL NRML PRJX GD XSUDYOMDMX ãLURNRP OHSH]RP UD]QLK WLSRYD
SRGDWDND WDNR GD EXGX WUDQVSDUHQWQL VYLP NRULVQLFLPD %LüH QDURþLWR YDåQL NRG
,QWHUQHWDSOLNDFLMD
x 'RNVXXSRWSXQRVWLGLVWULEXLUDQHED]HSRGDWDNDSRVWDOHUHDOQRVWWUHQXWQLWUHQG
ND FHQWUDOL]DFLML LVWLK üH VH QDVWDYLWL .DNR VH WURãNRYL NRPXQLNDFLMH VYH YLãH
VPDQMXMX QDVXSURW SRUDVWX WLSRYD SRGDWDND YUHGQRVW ORFLUDQMD L SULVWXSD
FHQWUDOL]RYDQRM ED]L SRGDWDND WDNRÿH VH VPDQMXMH 0DQML WURãNRYL D YLVRNH
SHUIRUPDQVHVYDNDNRRKUDEUXMXRYDMWUHQG
5
Baze podataka
x 6NODGLãWD VD DGUHVLUDQLP VDGUåDMHP üH SRVWDMDWL VYH SRSXODUQLMD 6D RYDNYLP
SULVWXSRP NRULVQLN PRåH GD L]YXþH ELOR NDNDY SRGDWDN VSHFLILNDFLMRP NDNYX
YUVWXSRGDWNDåHOLXPHVWRNDNRGDGRÿHGRQMHJD1DSULPHUNRULVQLNPRåHGD
VNHQLUDIRWRJUDILMXLGDWUDåLRGNRPSMXWHUDSUHWUDJXNDNRELSURQDãDRLVWXWDNYX
LOLQMRMVOLþQX
x %D]DSRGDWDNDLGUXJHWHKQRORJLMHSRSXWYHãWDþNHLQWHOLJHQFLMHLWHOHYL]LMHNDR
LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VHUYLVD RODNãDüH SULVWXS SRGDFLPD QHREXþHQLP NRULVQLFLPD 1D
SULPHU NRULVQLN üH ELWL X PRJXüQRVWL GD ]DKWHYD SRGDWDN QD YLãH MH]LND D
WHKQRORJLMD ED]D SRGDWDND üH GD XNOMXþXMH SRWUHEH NRULVQLND ]D SRGDFLPD QD
RVQRYXXSLWDNRMLVHþXYDMXLPHQMDWLVHQDWDMQDþLQ
x 5DG QD WHKQRORJLMDPD DOJRULWDPD ]D WHKQLNX DQDOL]H SRGDWDND NRML WHåH ND
XSUDYOMDQMX YHRPD YHOLNLP SDNHWLPD SRGDWDND NDNR EL RUJDQL]DFLMH ãto lakše
DQDOL]LUDOH VYRMD RJURPQD VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND 7R üH X YHOLNRM PHUL RODNãDWL X
SODQLUDQMX VWUDWHJLMH RUJDQL]DFLMD ]D QMLKRYR SRVORYDQMH ]D GXåH YUHPHQVNH
periode.
x , QD NUDMX VNDOH VH QDOD]L GDOMH ãLUHQMH 3'$ ãWR üH GRYHVWL GR SREROMãDQH
VLQKURQL]DFLMH PDOLK ED]D SRGDWDND L SREROMãDQMH EU]LQH EHåLþQRJ SUHQRVD
%OXHWRRWKEHåLþQLVWDQGDUGüHXYHOLNRMPHULXEU]DWLUD]YRMEHåLþQHNRQHNFLMHQD
,QWHUQHW$OLüHLQDPHWQXWLSLWDQMHGDOMHJUD]YRMD]DãWLWHSRGDWDND
1.2 9567(%$=$32'$7$.$
DBMS PRåHGDSRGUåL rD]OLþLWHYUVWH baza podataka. Baze podataka VHNODVLILNXMX

SUHPDEURMX NRULVQLNDSUHPDORNDFLMLED]HSRGDWDND NDRLQDRVQRYXQDþLQDLRELPD
NRULãüHQMD
%URM NRULVQLND RGUHÿXMH GD OL je baza podataka MHGQR-NRULVQLþND single-user LOL

YLãHNRULVQLþND multi-user -HGQRNRULVQLþNH ED]H SRGDWDND SRGUåDYDMX VDPR MHGQRJ
NRULVQLND X GDWRP WUHQXWNX 'UXJLP UHþLPD DNR NRULVQLN A koristi ED]X SRGDWDND
NRULVQLFL % L & PRUDMX GD þHNDMX GRN NRULVQLN A QH ]DYUãL -HGQRNRULVQLþNH ED]H
SRGDWDNDNRMHVXUHDOL]RYDQH]D3&UDþXQDUHþHVWRVHQD]LYDMXdesktop baze podataka.
NDVXSURW WRPH YLãHNRULVQLþNH baze podataka SRGUåDYDMX LVWRYUHPHQL UDG više
NRULVQLND3RGUD]XPHYDVHGDVXUHDOL]RYDQHNDRVHUYHUXPUHåQRPRNUXåHQMXLGDVH
ED]L SULVWXSD L] VDPH ORNDOQH PUHåH LOL SUHNR ,QWHUQHWD Kada YLãHNRULVQLþNH baze
podataka SRGUåDYDMXUHODWLYQR PDOL EURM NRULVQLND RELþQR PDQMH RG LOL RGUHÿHQR
RGHOMHQMH XRNYLUX RUJDQL]DFLMHWDGDVHQD]LYDMXED]HSRGDWDND]DUDGQHJUXSHKada
ED]X SRGDWDND koristi FHORNXSQD RUJDQL]DFLMX L kada SRGUåDYD PQRJR NRULVQLND više
RGRELþQR QHNROLNRVWRWLQDNRMLUDGHXUD]OLþLWLPRGHOMHQMLPDWDGDVHNDåHGDMHWR
baza podataka SUHGX]HüDHQJenterprise database.
/RNDFLMD podataka PRåH da se koristi ]D NODVLILNDFLMX baza. 1D SULPHU baza
podataka koja SRGUåDYD SRGDWNH koji VH QDOD]L QD MHGQRP PHVWX VHUYHUX zove se
6
Baze podataka
FHQWUDOL]RYDQDED]DSRGDWDND. Baze podataka koja SRGUåDYDMXSRdatke UDVSRUHÿHQHQD

QHNROLNRUD]OLþLWLK PHVWD VHUYHUDQD]LYDMXVHGLVWULEXLUDQHED]HSRGDWDND
,SDN QDMSRSXODUQLML QDþLQ NODVLILNRYDQMD ED]D SRGDWDND GDQDV MH QD RVQRYX WRJD
NDNR üH SRGDFL ELWL NRULãüHQL L NROLNR MH YDåQR YUHPH ]D GRELMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD iz
podataka 1D SULPHU WUDQVDNFLMH NRMH VH VYDNRGQHYQR L]YUãDYDMX NDR ãWR VX SURGDMD
SURL]YRGD LOL XVOXJD SODüDQMD UH]HUYDFLMH VQDEGHYDQMH L VOLþQR PRUDMX GD EXGX EU]R
REDYOMHQH Takve WUDQVDNFLMH VH PRUDMX VSURYHVWL QD YUHPH L EH] JUHãDND. Baza
podataka koja je SUH VYHJD GL]DMQLUDQD GD SRGUåL VYDNRGQHYQH RSHUDFLMH MHGQH
RUJDQL]DFLMHVHQD]LYDWUDQVDNFLRQDED]Doperational, production database1DVXSURW
WRPH ED]H SRGDWDND NRG NRMLK VH SRGDFL X YUHPHQX VNXSOMDMX L VNODGLãWH
datawarehouse IRNXVLUDQH VX SUYHQVWYHQR QD þXYDQMH SRGDWDND X FLOMX JHQHULVDQMD
LQIRUPDFLMDSRWUHEQLK ]DGRQRãHQMHWDNWLþNLKLVWUDWHãNLKRGOXND. 7DNYHRGOXNH RELþQR
]DKWHYDMX ]QDþDMQX PDQLSXODFLMXQDG SRGDFLPD ]D GRELMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD QSU RYLVLQL
FHQH SURL]YRGD L XVOXJD SURJQR]L SURGDMH WUåLãQRJ SR]LFLRQLUDQMD LWG 3RUHG WRJD
VNODGLãWH SRGDWDND PRåH GD VDGUåL podatke GRELMHQH L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD SRGDWDND U
FLOMX ODNãHJ SUHX]LPDQMD WDNYLK SRGDWDND VWUXNWXUD skladišta podataka PRåH GD VH
]QDþDMQRUD]OLNXMHRGVWUXNWXUHWUDQVDNFLRQLKED]D
1.2.1 /LþQHED]HSRGDWDND
/LþQHED]HSRGDWDNDVHSUDYH]DNRULãüHQMHRGVWUDQHMHGQRJNRULVQLNDLYHüVXGXJR
SULVXWQH X NRULãüHQMX SHUVRQDOQLK UDþXQDUD 3RMDYRP OLþQLK GLJLWDOQLK SRPRüQLND
3'$ OLþQH ED]H SRGDWDND VX QDãOH SULPHQX L X QL]X PRELOQLK XUHÿDMD NRML RVLP
UDþXQDUVNLK LPDMX L QHNH GUXJH SULPHQH QSU PRELOQL WHOHIRQL ,QWHUQHW þLWDþL
-HGQRVWDYQH DSOLNDFLMH VD ED]RP SRGDWDND X NRMRM þXYDMX LQIRUPDFLMH L GHWDOMH R
NRPXQLNDFLML VD VYDNLP NOLMHQWRP PRJX GD VH NRULVWH L VD UDþXQDUD L VD OLþQRJ
GLJLWDOQRJ SRPRüQLND NDR L GD VH SUHEDFXMX VD MHGQRJ QD GUXJL XUHÿDM UDGL L]UDGH
VLJXUQRVQLKNRSLMDEDFNXSLOL]ERJ]DKWHYDSRVOD8]PLPR]DSULPHUSUHGX]HüHNRMH
LPD RGUHÿHQL EURM SURGDYDFD NRML VX X NRQWDNWX VD SRVWRMHüLP L SRWHQFLMDOQLP
NOLMHQWLPD $NR VYDNL SURGDYDF LPD MRã QHNH DSOLNDFLMH QSU JUDILþNH SUH]HQWDFLMH
FHQRYQLN VD XVORYLPD SURGDMH SR NRMHP NOLMHQWX PRåH SRQXGLWL QDMSRYROMQLMX
NRPELQDFLMXSURL]YRGDLNROLþLQD]DQDUXþLYDQMHRQGDELPX]DWDNDYSRVDRSUHQRVQL
UDþXQDU]ERJVYRMLKSHUIRUPDQVLLVNODGLãQRJSURVWRUDPRJDRELWLRSWLPDOQRUHãHQMH6
GUXJHVWUDQHDNRSURGDYDFLPDVDPROLVWXNOLMHQDWDLNRQWDNDWDQMHPXELOLþQLGLJLWDOQL
SRPRüQLNLDSOLNDFLMDNRMDNRULVWLPDOXED]XSRGDWDNDELOLQDMEROMHUHãHQMH
/LþQH ED]H SRGDWDND VH ãLURNR SULPHQMXMX MHU þHVWR PRJX ELWQR XQDSUHGLWL
SURGXNWLYQRVW SRMHGLQFD0HÿXWLP RQHVDGUåHMHGDQ IDNWRU UL]LND SRGDWNH RYLK ED]D
QLMH ODNR GHOLWL VD GUXJLP NRULVQLFLPD 1D SULPHU DNR EL PHQDGåHU SURGDMH åHOHR
FHORNXSDQ VSLVDN NOLMHQDWD L NRQWDNDWD WR VH QH EL PRJOR QL EU]R QL ODNR XUDGLWL
X]LPDQMHP SRGDWDND L] OLþQLK ED]D VYDNRJ RG SURGDYDFD 2YR LOXVWUXMH YHRPD þHVW
7
Baze podataka
SUREOHPDNRVXQHNLSRGDFLRGLQWHUHVDMHGQRPþRYHNXRQGDVXYHURYDWQRLOLüHEU]R
SRVWDWLRGLQWHUHVDLGUXJLPOMXGLPD=ERJWRJDOLþQHED]HSRGDWDNDELWUHEDORVYHVWL
QD NRULãüHQMH SRG SRVHEQLP RNROQRVWLPD QSU X YHRPD PDOLP SUHGX]HüLPD JGH MH
YHURYDWQRüDSRWUHED]DGHOMHQMHPSRGDWDNDL]PHÿXNRULVQLNDL]X]HWQRPDOD
1.2.2 %D]HSRGDWDND]DUDGQHJUXSH
5DGQX JUXSX þLQL UHODWLYQR PDOL EURM OMXGL NRML VDUDÿXMX QD MHGQRP SURMHNWX LOL
DSOLNDFLMLLOLQDJUXSLVOLþQLKSURMHNDWDLOLDSOLNDFLMD5DGQDJUXSDRELþQRVDGUåLGHVHWDN
OMXGL 2QL PRJX ELWL XNOMXþHQL X QSU SODQLUDQMH SURMHNWRYDQMH LOL UD]YRM QRYRJ
UDþXQDUVNRJ SURJUDPD %D]D SRGDWDND ]D UDGQH JUXSH VOXåL ]D SRGUãNX ]DMHGQLþNRJ
UDGD MHGQH WDNYH JUXSH 8]PLPR ]D SULPHU UDGQX JUXSX NRMD SUDYL L VWDQGDUGQH L
SURJUDPH SR SRUXGåELQL NRML VH SURGDMX VRIWYHUVNLP NRPSDQLMDPD NDR L NUDMQMLP
NRULVQLFLPD2ELþQRMHGQDLOLYLãHRVREDUDGHQDGDWRPSURJUDPXLOLGHOHSURJUDPHX
LVWRYUHPH*UXSLMHSRWUHEQDED]DSRGDWDNDNRMDüHGDSUDWLUD]YRMVYDNRJGHODLNRMD
üHGDRPRJXüLGDVHSRGDFLãWRODNãHUD]PHQMXMXPHÿXþODQRYLPDWLPD
6YDNL þODQ UDGQH JUXSH LPD VYRM UDþXQDU D UDþXQDUL VX XPUHåHQL SXWHP /$1-a.
%D]DSRGDWDNDVHQDOD]LQDFHQWUDOQRPUDþXQDUXNRMLVH]RYHVHUYHUED]HSRGDWDNDNRML
MH WDNRÿH QD PUHåL 6WRJD VYDNL þODQ JUXSH LPD SULVWXS SRGDFLPD 5D]OLþLWL þODQRYL
JUXSH X ]DYLVQRVWL GD OL MH X SLWDQMX UXNRYRGLODF SURMHNWD LOL SURMHNWDQW SURJUDPHU
PRJX LPDWL UD]OLþLWD RYODãüHQMD SULYLOHJLMH D WLPH L UD]OLþLWH SRJOHGH QD SRGDWNH
3ULPHWLüHWHGDMHJODYQDPDQDOLþQLKED]DSRGDWDNDWHãNRRVWYDULYDUD]PHQDSRGDWDND
RYGH SUHYD]LÿHQD EDUHP MH UD]PHQD SRGDWDND X RNYLUX JUXSH ODNR RVWYDULYD
0HÿXWLP UD]PHQD SRGDWDND RWYDUD QRYD SLWDQMD L SUREOHPH NRML QLVX SRVWRMDOL NRG
OLþQLK ED]D SRGDWDND *ODYQL SUREOHPL XSUDYOMDQMD SRGDFLPD VX YH]DQL ]D QMLKRYX
EH]EHGQRVW L LQWHJULWHW V RE]LURP GD YLãH NRULVQLND PRåH LVWRYUHPHQR GD REDYOMD
DåXULUDQMHSRGDWDND
1.2.3 %D]HSRGDWDNDRGHOMHQMD
2GHOMHQMH MH IXQNFLRQDOQD UDGQD MHGLQLFD X RNYLUX RUJDQL]DFLMH 7LSLþQL SULPHUL

RGHOMHQMD VX NDGURYVNR PDUNHWLQJ SURL]YRGQMD UDþXQRYRGVWYR L VO 2GHOMHQMH MH
RELþQRYHüHRGUDGQHJUXSHQHNDGDVHVDVWRMLLGRRVREDLRGJRYRUQRMH]DYHüL
EURM UD]OLþLWLK SRVORYD %D]H SRGDWDND RGHOMHQMD VX QDSUDYOMHQH GD SRGUåH UD]OLþLWH
REOLNHSRVORYDLDNWLYQRVWLNRMHREDYOMDWRRGHOMHQMH8]PLPR]DSULPHUED]XSRGDWDND
NDGURYVNRJ RGHOMHQMD X NRMRM VH SUDWH SRGDFL YH]DQL ]D ]DSRVOHQH YUVWH SRVORYD
VWUXþQX VSUHPX L SRVORYQD ]DGXåHQMD .DGD VX VYL UHOHYDQWQL SRGDFL VDþXYDQL X ED]L
SRGDWDND NRULVQLFL PRJX GD SUHWUDåXMX ED]X SRGDWDND X FLOMX GRELMDQMD RGJRYRUD QD
SLWDQMDNDRãWRVXVOHGHüD
8
Baze podataka
x =D RGUHÿHQX YUVWX ]DQLPDQMD Qpr. SURJUDPHU NDNYH SULOLNH ]D ]DSRVOHQMH
WUHQXWQRSRVWRMHXRUJDQL]DFLML"
x =DWXLVWXYUVWXSRVODNRMDVWUXþQDVSUHPDLOLYHãWLQDMHQHRSKRGQD"
x .RMH YHãWLQH ]QDQMH SRVHGXMH RGUHÿHQL UDGQLN" , REUQXWR NRML UDGQLFL
SRVHGXMXRGUHÿHQXYHãWLQX]QDQMH"
x Koji VYHUDGQLFLVXREDYOMDOLRGUHÿHQLSRVDRXRUJDQL]DFLML",REUQXWRNRMHVYH
SRVORYHMHRGUHÿHQLUDGQLNREDYOMDRXRUJDQL]DFLML"
x .RMHVYH]DSRVOHQHQDGJOHGDRGUHÿHQLPHQDGåHU"
7LSLþQDSLWDQMDQDNRMDVHWUHEDRGJRYRULWLSULSUDYOMHQMXED]HSRGDWDNDRGHOMHQMD:
x .DNR ED]DSRGDWDNDL QMHQR RNUXåHQMH WUHEDMX GD EXGX RUJDQL]RYDQL GDEL VH
RVWYDULOH]DGRYROMDYDMXüHSHUIRUPDQVHX]LPDMXüLXRE]LUYHOLNLEURMNRULVQLND
LYHOLNLEURMWUDQVDNFLMD"
x .DNRQDRGJRYDUDMXüLQDþLQREH]EHGLWLSRGDWNHRGQHGR]YROMHQRJSULVWXSDLLOL
GLVWULEXFLMH"
x .RMHDODWH]DUD]YRMED]HSRGDWDNDLDSOLNDFLMDWUHEDNRULVWLWLXVOXþDMXRYDNR
NRPSOHNVQRJRNUXåHQMD"
x 'D OL L GUXJD RGHOMHQMD NRULVWH LVWH YUVWH SRGDWDNDL DNR MH WRVOXþDM NDNR VH
QDMEROMH PRåH XSUDYOMDWL SRGDFLPD SR SLWDQMX QMLKRYH UHGXQGDQWQRVWL L
NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWLLPHWDSRGDFLPDSRSLWDQMXQMLKRYHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL"
x 'D OL VX NRULVQLFL ED]H SRGDWDND JHRJUDIVNL MHGQL RG GUXJLK XGDOMHQL LOL MH
YHOLþLQDED]HSRGDWDNDWROLNDGDVHSRGDFLPRUDMXþXYDWLQDYLãHUDþXQDUDWDNR
stvaraMXüLGLVWULEXLUDQHED]HSRGDWDND"
x 'DOLVHED]LSRGDWDNDPRåHSULVWXSDWLSUHNR,QWHUQHWDLGDOLRQDWUHEDGDEXGH
XNOMXþHQDXLQWUDQHWRUJDQL]DFLMH"
1.2.4 %D]HSRGDWDNDRUJDQL]DFLMD
%D]D SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMH REXKYDWD þLWDYX RUJDQL]DFLMX LOL YLãH QMHQLK RGHOMHQMD
2YD YUVWD ED]D SRGDWDND MH QDPHQMHQD GD SRGUåL VYH SURFHVH RUJDQL]DFLMH L SURFHV
GRQRãHQMDRGOXND9DåQRMHLVWDüLGDMHGQDRUJDQL]DFLMDPRåHLPDWLYLãHED]DSRGDWDND
WDNRGDMHGQDWDNYDED]DSRGDWDNDQHVDGUåLVYHSRGDWNHMHGQHRUJDQL]DFLMH-HGQDEaza
SRGDWDND ]D FHOX RUJDQL]DFLMX VUHGQMLK GR YHOLNLK GLPHQ]LMD QH EL ELOD SUDNWLþQD L]
PQRJR UD]ORJD .DR SUYR ]ERJ UD]OLþLWLK SRWUHED UD]OLþLWLK NRULVQLND NRPSOHNVQRVWL
VWYDUDQMDMHGLQVWYHQLKPHWDSRGDWDND]DVYHNRULVQLNHED]HSRGDWDNDMHRJURPQD%D]D
SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMHSUXåD SRGUãNX ]D MHGDQRGUHÿHQL EURMVNXS RGHOMHQMD7RNRP
SRVOHGQMH GHFHQLMH UD]YRM ED]D SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMH MH GRYHR GR GYD QDMYDåQLMD
oblika:
9
Baze podataka
1. Enterprise resource planning (53VLVWHP

2. ,PSOHPHQWDFLMDVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDdata werehouses
(53 VLVWHPL UDGH VD WHNXüLP SRGDFLPD RUJDQL]DFLMH GRN VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND
VDNXSOMDMX SRGDWNH L] UD]QLK RSHUDWLYQLK ED]D SRGDWDND XNOMXþXMXüL L OLþQH UDGQLK
JUXSD RGHOMHQMD L (53 ED]H SRGDWDND 6NODGLãWD SRGDWDND SUXåDMX PRJXüQRVW
NRULVQLFLPD GD UDGH VD SUHWKRGQLP SRGDFLPD NDNR EL SURQDãOL REUDVFH L WUHQGRYH
GRJDÿDMDLNDNRELRGJRYRULOLQDSLWDQMDNRMDVXYH]DQD]DVWUDWHJLMXSRVORYDQMD
8]PLPR ]D SULPHU YHOLNX ]GUDYVWYHQX RUJDQL]DFLMX NRMD XSUDYOMD JUXSRP

PHGLFLQVNLKFHQWDUDXãWDVSDGDMXGRPRYL]GUDYOMDEROQLFHNOLQLNHLVWDUDþNLGRPRYL
6YDNL RG RYLK PHGLFLQVNLK FHQWDUD LPD VYRMX ED]X SRGDWDND LOL ED]H SRGDWDND NRMD
SUXåD SRGUãNX X REDYOMDQMX UD]QLK SRVORYD 2YH ED]H SRGDWDND LPDMX SRGDWNH R
SDFLMHQWLPDGRNWRULPDPHGLFLQVNLPXVOXJDPD SRVORYDQMXLGUXJLPELWQLPHQWLWHWLPD
%D]D SRGDWDND SUXåD DGHNYDWQX SRGUãNX ]D YHüLQX SRVORYD X VYDNRP SRMHGLQDþQRP
PHGLFLQVNRP FHQWUX 0HÿXWLP SRVWRML SRWUHED ]D MHGLQVWYHQLP SRJOHGRP QD FHOX
RUJDQL]DFLMX QD SULPHU GD EL VH YLGHOD VYD SRVORYDQMD VD MHGQLP GREDYOMDþHP LOL
SDFLMHQWRP 3RYHüDQMH SURGXNWLYQRVWL VH PRåH SRVWLüL XYRÿHQMHP QD SULPHU
FHQWUDOQRJ VLVWHPD ]D QDUXþLYDQMH PDWHULMDOD ]D VYH ]GUDYVWYHQH FHQWUH L
UDVSRUHÿLYDQMHP RVREOMD L XVOXJD NRMH YUãH QD VYH ]GUDYVWYHQLP FHQWUH (53 VLVWHP
RPRJXüDYD XYRÿHQMH SUHWKRGQLK SURPHQD 'RQRãHQMH RGOXND QD QLYRX FHOH
RUJDQL]DFLMH X YH]L VD SRVORYDQMHP VD GREDYOMDþLPD L SRGQRãHQMH L]YHãWDMD UD]QLP
DJHQFLMDPD ]DKWHYD VDNXSOMHQH VYLK SUHWKRGQLK SRGDWDND L LQIRUPDFLMD 'D EL VH
]DGRYROMLOHRYHSRWUHEHRUJDQL]DFLMDNRULVWLVNODGLãWHSRGDWDNDNRMHVHRGUåDYDLQDOD]L
XVHGLãWXRUJDQL]DFLMH3RGDFLNRMLVHQDOD]HXVNODGLãWXSRGDWDNDVXSUHX]HWLLSRWRP
VXPLUDQL L] SRMHGLQDþQLK ED]D SRGDWDND VYDNRJ PHGLFLQVNRJ FHQWUD 2YDM SURFHV
SUHX]LPDQMD SRGDWDND VH RGYLMD SHULRGLþQR SXWHP WHOHNRPXQLNDFLRQR- UDþXQDUVNH
PUHåH
1.2.5 ,QWHUQHW,QWUDQHWL([WUDQHWED]HSRGDWDND
,QWHUQHW WHKQRORJLMH VOXåH ]D RODNãDYDQMH GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND L LQIRUPDFLMD 1D

SULPHU X RNYLUX IDEULNH PRåH VH NRULVWLWL ORNDOQD PUHåD /$1 NRMD SRYH]XMH UDGQH
VWDQLFH ]DSRVOHQLK L] UD]QLK RGHOMHQMD VD VHUYHURP QD NRPH VH QDOD]L ED]D SRGDWDND
/$1 XQDSUHÿXMH NRPXQLNDFLMX L SURFHV GRQRãHQMD RGOXND X RNYLUX VDPH NRPSDQLMH
$NR VH XYHGH ,QWUDQHW NRML VH ]DVQLYD QD :HE WHKQRORJLML QMHPX VH PRåH SULVWXSDWL
VDPR X RNYLULPD NRPSDQLMH 5DGQD VWDQLFD VYDNRJ ]DSRVOHQRJ VH PRåH NRULVWLWL NDR
:HEbrowserLQDWDMQDþLQVHGRELMDEU]SULVWXSLQIRUPDFLMDPDNRPSDQLMHXNOMXþXMXüL
LWHOHIRQVNLDGUHVDUVSHFLILNDFLMHSURL]YRGDHOHNWURQVNXSRãWXLWRPHVOLþQR7DNRÿHVH
rDGQH VWDQLFH PRJX NRULVWLWL L NDR SHUVRQDOQL UDþXQDUL NRML SRYH]DQL SUHNR /$1-a
SULVWXSDMXVHUYHUXQDNRPHVHQDOD]LED]DSRGDWDND0RJXüHMHGRGDWLL:HELQWHUIHMVH
QHNLPSRVORYQLPDSOLNDFLMDPDNDRãWRVXXQRãHQMHSRUXGåELQDGDELQDWDMQDþLQYLãH
LQWHUQLKSRVORYQLKDNWLYQRVWLPRJORELWLREDYOMDQRRGVWUDQH]DSRVOHQLKSUHNRLQWUDQHWD
10
Baze podataka
U FLOMX HILNDVQLMHJXNXSQRJSRVORYDQMDLQWUDQHWVLVWHPVHPRåHRWYRULWLNDNXSFLPD
SUHNR ,QWHUQHWD 2YR RPRJXüDYD PDORSURGDMDPD GD SUHWUDåXMX NDWDORJ SURL]YRGD
XNOMXþXMXüL VOLNH L VSHFLILNDFLMH SURL]YRGD L XWYUGH GD OL åHOMHQRJ SURL]YRGD LPD X
VNODGLãWX7DGDUDGQLFLXPDORSURGDMQLPREMHNWLPDPRJXGDREDYHVWHVYRMHNXSFHLGD
SRUXþH åHOMHQL NRPDG SURL]YRGD SUHNR ,QWHUQHWD ,QWHUQHW NRQHNFLMD MH NRQILJXULVDQD
NDR H[WUDQHW ãWR ]QDþL GD VDPR RGREUHQH PDORSURGDMH PRJX GD SULVWXSH LQWUDQHW-X
IDEULNH
6YHYHüHNRULãüHQMH,QWHUQHWDVYHWVNHPUHåHNRMDSRYH]XMHNRULVQLNHQHELWQRNRMH
SODWIRUPHMHGRYHORLGRSURPHQDXRNUXåHQMXED]DSRGDWDND3ULKYDWDQMH,QWHUQHWDRG
VWUDQH SRVORYQRJ VYHWD MH GRYHOR GR ELWQLK SURPHQD X GDYQR XWYUÿHQLP PRGHOLPD
SRVORYDQMD9HRPDXVSHãQHNRPSDQLMHVXELOHXJURåHQH]ERJQRYLKNRPSDQLMDNRMHVX
SULKYDWLOH ,QWHUQHW SRPRüX NRJD VX XQDSUHGLOH LQIRUPLVDQMH L XVOXJH NRMH VX SUXåDOH
VYRMLPNOLMHQWLPDLNRMHVX]DRELãOHWLSLþQHWRNRYHPDUNHWLQJDLGLVWULEXFLMHSURL]YRGD
1D SULPHU NXSFL NRQILJXULãX L SRUXþXMX VYRM 3& UDþXQDU GLUHNWQR RG SURL]YRÿDþD
UDþXQDUD ,QIRUPDFLMH R XSUDåQMHQLP PHVWLPD L DNWLYQRVWLPD RUJDQL]DFLMH VH PRJX
GRELWLSUHNR,QWHUQHWD]DYHüLQXRUJDQL]DFLMD
6YDND RG RYLK UDGQML ]DKWHYD SRGUãNX ED]H SRGDWDND /DN SULVWXS ,QWHUQHWX VYLK
YUVWDSODWIRUPLRPRJXüDYDNRPSDQLMDPDGDUHRUJDQL]XMXVYRMHSRVORYHLUD]YLMXEUåH
DSOLNDFLMH L WR SR PDQMLP WURãNRYLPD 6WDQGDUGQL LQWHUIHMVL RPRJXüDYDMX YHüX
SURGXNWLYQRVW NRULVQLND X] PDQMH SURYHGHQRJ YUHPHQD QD REXFL L PDQMX SRWUHEQX
SRGUãNX2VQRYDUD]YRMDNRULVQLNRYHDSOLNDFLMHMHSULNOMXþLYDQMHED]HSRGDWDNDL]NRMH
VHPRJXGRELWLVYHåHLQIRUPDFLMH.DGDMHED]DSRGDWDNDSRYH]DQDVDQHNRP,QWHUQHW
ORNDFLMRP NRULVQLFL SUHNR :HE EURZVHU-D PRJX GD SRVWDYOMDMX RGUHÿHQD SLWDQMD QD
NRMDüHGRELWLRGJRYRUHED]LUDQHQDVYHåLPLQIRUPDFLMDPD2GJRYDUDQMHQDSLWDQMDMH
DXWRPDWVNR QHPD SRWUHEH GD VH SXWHP WHOHIRQD SUROD]L NUR] QL] RSFLMD GD EL VH
SRVWDYLOR SLWDQMH QHNRM RVREL L GD EL VH ]DWLP RG QMH þHNDR RGJRYRU ,QWHUQHW ED]H
SRGDWDND VX QH]DPHQOMLYH X UD]YRMX VDMWRYD ]D NXSRYLQX SUHNR ,QWHUQHWD .RPSDQLMH
SUDWHVYDGHãDYDQMDQDVDMWXNDNRELGRãOLGRãWRYLãHLQIRUPDFLMDRVYRMLPNOLMHQWLPD
REUDVFLSULNXSRYLQLQDYLJDFLMDVDMWRPGXåLQD]DGUåDYDQMDQDVYDNRMVWUDQLFLLWRPH
VOLþQRNDNRELãWRYLãHXQDSUHGLOLVYRMRGQRVSUHPDNXSFLPD
9HüLQDSULPHUDNRMLVXQDYHGHQLSULND]XMXBusiness-to-Customer %&veze. Kada

VXNXSFLNRGQHNLKILUPLGUXJHILUPHWDNDYRGQRVVHRELþQRQD]LYD%%Business-to-
BusinesVRGQRV,QWHUQHWVHNRULVWLGDRODNãD%&RGQRV]DWRãWRVXNXSFLREDYH]QR
VSROMQLIDNWRUXRGQRVXQDILUPXLPRJXüQRVWNXSFDGDSULVWXSLSRVORYQLPSRGDFLPDL
LQIRUPDFLMDPD MH RG YHOLNH YDåQRVWL ]D XVSHãDQ RGQRV 'R]YROMDYDQMHP SULVWXSD
SRVORYQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND RG VWUDQH RVRED NRMH QLVX GHR RUJDQL]DFLMH MDYOMDMX VH
QRYDSLWDQMD]DUXNRYRÿHQMHLQIRUPDFLRQLPVLVWHPLPDYH]DQD]DVLJXUQRVWLLQWHJULWHW
podataka.
.RPSDQLMH VX JRGLQDPD YUãLOH UD]PHQX LQIRUPDFLMD SXWHP HOHNWURQVNH UD]PHQH

SRGDWDND (',- eletronic data interchange 0QRJH NRPSDQLMH L GDOMH NRULVWH (',
11
Baze podataka
VLVWHP ]D REDYOMDQMH %% SRVORYDQMD 1HNH NRPSDQLMH XJODYQRP QRYH LOL RQH NRMH
QLVX LPDOH (', VLVWHP NRULVWH H[WUDQHW ]D REDYOMDQMH %% UD]PHQD SRGDWDNa i
LQIRUPDFLMD ([WUDQHW NRULVWL ,QWHUQHW WHKQRORJLMX PHÿXWLP SULVWXS H[WUDQHWX MH ]D
UD]OLNXRG,QWHUQHWDNRPHPRJXVYLSULVWXSLWLRJUDQLþHQ8VWYDULSULVWXSMHRJUDQLþHQ
QD NRPSDQLMH NRMH VX X XOR]L GREDYOMDþD L NXSFD L NRMH LPDMX PHÿXVREQL GRJRYRr o
SULVWXSXSRGDFLPDLLQIRUPDFLMDPDMHGQLKGUXJLPD2ELþQRSUHWKRGQRSRPHQXWLDNWHUL
LPDMX SULVWXS GHOX LQWUDQHWD GUXJRJ DNWHUD 2YDM QDþLQ SULVWXSD RODNãDYD SRVORYQH
RGQRVHWDNRãWRSUXåDEUåLLHILNDVQLMLQDþLQREUDGHLSULVWXSDQMDSRGDFLPD
Kao što jHSUHWKRGQRSRPHQXWRPQRJHRUJDQL]DFLMHVXNRULVWLOH,QWHUQHWWHKQRORJLMX

]D VWYDUDQMH SULYDWQH PUHåH QDPHQMHQH ]D XSUDYOMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMDPD X RNYLUX
RUJDQL]DFLMH3RL]JOHGXQHSRVWRMLUD]OLNDL]PHÿXLQWUDQHWL,QWHUQHWVWUDQLFDDOLSULVWXS
LQWUDQHW VWUDQLFL MH RJUDQLþHQ VDPR QD NRULVQLNH X RNYLUX WH RUJDQL]DFLMH 6WRJD MH L
SULVWXS ED]L SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMH RJUDQLþHQ ,QWUDQHW PRåH GD RVWYDUL ,QWHUQHW
NRQHNFLMX DOL WD NRQHNFLMD üH ELWL ]DãWLüHQD ILUHZDOO-RP NRML VSUHþDYD QHRYODãüHQL
SULVWXSLQWUDQHWX
12
Baze podataka
2 261291,.21&(37,,'(),1,&,-(
DREUHRGOXNHXSRVORYDQMX]DKWHYDMXGREUHLQIRUPDFLMHNRMHVHGRELMDMXQDRVQRYX
SUHWKRGQLKþLQMHQLFD7HVLURYHþLQMHQLFHVXSR]QDWHSRGQD]LYRPSRGDFL3RGDFLPDVH
QDMODNãH XSUDYOMD NDGD VX RQL RUJDQL]RYDQL L VPHãWHQL X ED]L SRGDWDND 8 RYRP
SRJODYOMXQDXþLüHWHãWDVXED]HSRGDWDNDQMLKRYHRVQRYQHIXQNFLRQDOQRVWLL]DãWRGDMX
QDMEROMH UH]XOWDWH X RGQRVX QD GUXJH VLVWHPH ]D XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD 7DNRÿH üHWH
QDXþLWLRUD]OLþLWLPWLSRYLPDED]DSRGDWDNDLRWRPH]DãWRMHGL]DMQ baza podataka tako
YDåDQ %D]H SRGDWDND VX QDVWDOH L] NODVLþQLK UDþXQDUVNLK VLVWHPD GDWRWHND ,DNR MH
XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD X GDWRWHNDPD GDQDV ]DVWDUHR QDþLQ RQ MH YHRPD YDåDQ ]D
UD]XPHYDQMH RJUDQLþHQMD NRMD SRVWRMH NRG NODVLþQLK IDMO VLVWHPD 7DNRÿH üHWH QDXþLWL
NDNR VH SULPHQRP ED]D SRGDWDND HOLPLQLãH YHüLQD QHGRVWDWDND NRG NODVLþQLK IDMO
VLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHSRGDFLPD
%D]D SRGDWDND VH PRåH GHILQLVDWL NDR RUJDQL]RYDQL VNXS ORJLþNL SRYH]DQLK
SRGDWDND2QDPRåHELWLELORNRMHYHOLþLQHLNRPSOHNVQRVWL1D SULPHUSURGDYDFPRåH
GDLPDPDOXED]XSRGDWDNDYH]DQX]DNXSFHQDVYRPnotebook UDþXQDUXNRMDVHVDVWRML
RGQHNROLNRPHJDEDMWDSRGDWDND3UHGX]HüHNRMH]DSRãOMDYDKLOMDGXLYLãHOMXGLPRåH
GD LPD YHRPD YHOLNX ED]X SRGDWDND RG QHNROLNR WHUDEDMWD SRGDWDND MHGDQ WHUDEDMW
1012 EDMWRYD QD mainframe NRPSMXWHUX QD NRPH VH QDOD]L DSOLNDFLMD ]D SRGUãNX
RGOXþLYDQMX 9HRPD YHOLND VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND LPDMX YLãH RG SHWDEDMWD SRGDWDND
SHWDEDMW 15 EDMWRYD 8 ãLUHP VPLVOX ED]X SRGDWDND PRåHPR SRVPDWUDWL NDR
iQWHJULVDQLVNXSSRGDWDNDRQHNRPVLVWHPXLVNXSSRVWXSDND]DQMLKRYRRGUåDYDQMHL
NRULãüHQMHRUJDQL]RYDQSUHPDSRWUHEDPDNRULVQLND7RMHGREURVWUXNWXLUDQDNROHNFLMD
SRGDWDND NRMD SRVWRML MHGQR RGUHÿHQR YUHPH NRMD VH RGUåDYD L NRMX NRULVWL YLãH
NRULVQLNDLOLSURJUDPD
2.1 PODATAK
,VWRULMVNLSRGWHUPLQRPSRGDWDNVHSRGUD]XPHYDþLQMHQLFDRQHNRPSUHGPHWXLLOL
GRJDÿDMX NRMD VH PRåH ]DEHOHåLWL L VDþXYDWL QD UDþXQDUX 1D SULPHU X ED]L SRGDWDND
QHNRJSURGDYFDSRGDFLELELOHþLQMHQLFHNDRãWRVXLPHDGUHVDLEURMWHOHIRQDNXSFD
2YDNDY WLS SRGDWND VH ]RYH VWUXNWXLUDQL SRGDWDN 1DMYDåQLML VWUXNWXLUDQL SRGDFL VX
EURMHYL NDUDNWHUL L GDWXPL YUHPH 'DQDãQMH ED]H SRGDWDND SRUHG VWUXNWXLUDQLK
SRGDWDNDVDGUåHLGUXJHYUVWHSRGDWDNDNDRãWRVXUD]QDGRNXPHQWDPDSHIRWRJUDILMH
]YXNþDNLYLGHR]DSLVH1DSULPHUXED]LSRGDWDNDQHNRJSURGDYFDPRJODELVHQDüLL
VOLNDNXSFD7DNRÿHELVHPRJDRQDüL]YXþQLLOLYLGHR]DSLVSRVOHGQMHJUD]JRYRUDVD
NXSFHP2YDYUVWDSRGDWNDVHQD]LYDQHVWUXNWXLUDQLSRGDWDNLOLPXOWLPHGLMDOQLSRGDWDN
0XOWLPHGLMDOQL SRGDFL VH QDMþHãüH PRJX QDüL QD :HE VHUYHULPD L X ,QWHUQHW ED]DPD
podataka.
13
Baze podataka
'DQDVVHSRGDWDNGHILQLãHNDRVDþXYDQDUHSUH]HQWDFLMDSUHGPHWDLLOLGRJDÿDMDNRMD
LPD VPLVOD L YDåQRVWL ]D NRULVQLND ED]H SRGDWDND 2YD GHILQLFLMD XNOMXþXMH L
VWUXNWXLUDQHLQHVWUXNWXLUDQHSRGDWNHýHVWRVHXRNYLUXMHGQHED]HSRGDWDNDPRJXQDüL
NRPELQRYDQL VWUXNWXLUDQL L QHVWUXNWXLUDQL SRGDFL NDNR EL VH VWYRULOR PXOWLPHGLMDOQR
RNUXåHQMH 1D SULPHU DXWRPHKDQLþDUVND UDGQMD PRåH NRPELQRYDWL VWUXNWXLUDQH
SRGDWNH NRML RSLVXMX NOLMHQWD L QMHJRYD NROD VD PXOWLPHGLMDOQLP SRGDFLPD VOLND
DXWRPRELODLVNHQLUDQDNRSLMDRVLJXUDQMD
3RG SRGDWNRP VH SRGUD]XPHYD þLQMHQLFD SULKYDüHQD NDR WDNYD WM NDNYD MHVWH
3RGDWDNVDPSRVHELQHPD]QDþHQMHWHNNDGDVHLQWHUSUHWLUDQHNRPYUVWRPVLVWHPD]D
REUDGXSRGDWDNDSRSULPD]QDþHQMHLSRVWDMHLQIRUPDFLMD7LSLþQRWHUPLQ³SRGDWDN´VH
RGQRVLQDRQRãWRMHXED]LSRGDWDN'DNOHSRGDWDNMHVLURYDþLQMHQLFD– MRãXYHNQLMH
REUDÿHQD L QH ]QD VH QMHQR ]QDþHQMH 5DþXQDU YUãL REUDGX SRGDWDND SUHPD ]DGDWRP
SURJUDPX WH VH QD RVQRYX VD]QDQMD VDGUåDQLK X SRGDFLPD D NDR UH]XOWDW QMLKRYH
REUDGHVWLþXQRYDVD]QDQMD- LQIRUPDFLMH
2.2 ,1)250$&,-$
7HUPLQL SRGDWDN L LQIRUPDFLMD VX XVNR SRYH]DQL L þHVWR VH NRULVWH NDR VLQRQLPL
0HÿXWLPNRULVQRMHUD]OLNRYDWLWHUPLQHSRGDWDNLLQIRUPDFLMD,QIRUPDFLMXGHILQLãHPR
NDRSRGDWDNNRMLMHELRREUDÿHQQDWDNDYQDþLQGDVH]QDQMHRVREHNRMDNRULVWLSRGDWDN
SRYHüDOR2EUDGDSRGDWDNDPRåHELWLMHGQRVWDYQDNDRãWRMHWDEHODUQLSULND]SRGDWDND
LOL PRåH ELWL NRPSOHNVQD NDR ãWR MH SULPHQD VORåHQLK NULWHULMXPVNLK IXQNFLMD LOL
VWDWLVWLþNLK PRGHOD QDG VLURYLP SRGDFLPD 1D SULPHU UD]PRWULPR VOHGHüL VSLVDN
þLQMHQLFD
3HWDU3HWURYLü 1506988710325
0DUNR0DUNRYLü 2011999050123
-DQNR-DQNRYLü 1112998930456
----------- -----------
3ULND]DQHþLQMHQLFHSRGHILQLFLMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXSRGDWNHDOLELVHYHüLQDVORåLODGDVX
RYL SRGDFL X VDGDãQMRM IRUPL EHVNRULVQL ýDN LDNR SUHWSRVWDYOMDPR GD VH UDGL R
LPHQLPDRVREDLQMLKRYLPPDWLþQLPEURMHYLPDSRGDFLRVWDMXEHVNRULVQLMHUQH]QDPR
þHPXVOXåH3RJOHGDMWHãWDVHGRJDÿDNDGDVWDYLPRRYHLVWHSRGDWNHXNRQWHNVWNDRãWR
MHSRND]DQRQDVOLFLSlika 2.1'RGDYDQMHPMRãQHNROLNRGRGDWQLKSRGDWDNDLQMLKRYLP
XUHÿLYDQMHP SUHSR]QDMHPR VSLVDN XSLVDQLK VWXGHQDWD 1D RYDM QDþLQ VH GROD]L GR
LQIRUPDFLMHNRMDMHNRULVQDQSUXSUDYLIDNXOWHWDSURIHVRULPDVWXGHQWVNRMVOXåELLVO
14
Baze podataka
,PHLSUH]LPH -0%* 6WSURJUDP *RGLQDXSLVD

3HWDU3HWURYLü 1506988710325 3( 2016
0DUNR0DUNRYLü 2011999050123 IT 2017
-DQNR-DQNRYLü 1112998930456 IR 2017
----------- ----------- SII 2015
Slika 2.1: 8UHÿHQLSULND]SRGDWDNDL]%3- LQIRUPDFLMDRXSLVX
'UXJLQDþLQGDVHL]SRGDWDNDGRELMXLQIRUPDFLMHMHGDVHSRGDFLVXPLUDMXLOLQDQHNL
GUXJL QDþLQ REUDGHL SUH]HQWXMX 1D SULPHU VXPLUDQL SRGDFL R XSLVX VWXGHQDWDPRJX
ELWL SUH]HQWRYDQL X YLGX JUDILþNH LQIRUPDFLMH Slika 2.2 2YD LQIRUPDFLMD VH PRåH
LVNRULVWLWLNDRRVQRYD]DRGOXþLYDQMHRGRGDYDQMXQRYLKSUHGDYDQMDLOLR]DSRãOMDYDQMX
QRYRJ QDVWDYQRJ NDGUD 0RGHUQH ED]H SRGDWDND YUOR þHVWR VDGUåH L SRGDWNH L
LQIRUPDFLMH3RGDFLVHþHVWRREUDÿXMXLþXYDMXXREUDÿHQRMIRUPLLVOXåH]DSRPRüSUL
GRQRãHQMXRGOXNDDWDNYLPSRGDFLPDLQIRUPDFLMDPDVHQDMEUåHSULVWXSD
Slika 2.2: *UDILþNLSULND]SRGDWDNDL]%3- LQIRUPDFLMDRXSLVX
3RGDFLREUDÿHQLWDNRGDGRELMDMX]QDþHQMHþLQHLQIRUPDFLMX1DRVQRYXGRVDGDãQMLK
UD]PDWUDQMDSURL]LOD]LVOHGHüH
x 3RGDFLVXJUDGLYQLHOHPHQWLLQIRUPDFLMD
x ,QIRUPDFLMHQDVWDMXREUDGRPSRGDWDND
x ,QIRUPDFLMHVHNRULVWH]DRWNULYDQMH]QDþHQMDpodataka
x ,QIRUPDFLMD NRMD MH SUHFL]QD UHOHYDQWQD L GRELMHQD QD YUHPH MH NOMXþ ]D
GRQRãHQMHGREULKRGOXND
x 'REUHRGOXNHVXNOMXþ]DRSVWDQDNRUJDQL]DFLMDQDWUåLãWX
5HOHYDQWQHLNRULVQHLQIRUPDFLMH]DKWHYDMXWDþQHSRGDWNH7DNYLSRGDFLVHPRUDMX
SULNXSOMDWL EH] JUHãDND L PRUDMX VH þXYDWL X IRUPDWX NRML REH]EHÿXMH ODN SULVWXS L
15
Baze podataka
REUDGX SRGDWDND .DR L VD VYDNLP YDåQLP UHVXUVRP SRGDFLPD VH PRUD SDåOMLYR
XSUDYOMDWL 8SUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD MH GLVFLSOLQD NRMD VH EDYL SULNXSOMDQMHP L VNODGL-
ãWHQMHP SRGDWDND L QMLKRYRP REUDGRP X FLOMX HILNDVQRJ GRELMDQMD UHOHYDQWQLK
LQIRUPDFLMD
Slika 2.3: 2EUDGRPSULNXSOMHQLKSRGDWDNDQDVWDMHLQIRUPDFLMD
2.3 0(7$32'$&,- 32'$&,232'$&,0$0(7$'$7$
3RGDFL NRML VH SULNXSOMDMX L þXYDMX X ED]L SRGDWDND þHVWR VH QD]LYDMX L SRGDFL
NUDMQMLK NRULVQLND end user data 0HWDSRGDFL VX SRGDFL NRML RSLVXMX VYRMVWYD LOL
NDUDNWHULVWLNH SRGDWDND NUDMQMLK NRULVQLND L NRQWHNVW WLK SRGDWDND 1HND WLSLþQD
VYRMVWYD SRGDWDND VX QD]LY LPH SRGDWND GHILQLFLMD WLS GXåLQD YHOLþLQD L
GR]YROMHQH YUHGQRVWL RJUDQLþHQMD .RQWHNVW SRGDWDND NRML RSLVXMX PHWDSRGDFL
SRGUD]XPHYDL]YRUSRGDWDNDJGHVHþXYDMXSRGDFLYODVQLãWYRLNRULãüHQMH
16
Baze podataka
Slika 2.4: 3ULPHUPHWDSRGDWDND
0HWDSRGDFL RSLVXMX VYRMVWYD SRGDWDND L QDOD]H VH RGYRMHQR RG WLK SRGDWND
0HWDSRGDFLQHSULND]XMXQLMHGDQSRGDWDNSlika 2.4 pULND]XMHPHWDSRGDWNH]DWDEHOX
Proizvod(Sifra, Naziv, Cena, JedinicnaMera, ZemljaPorekla, Kategorija_RB) iz
0\64/ VRIWYHUD 2QL RPRJXüDYDMX GL]DMQHULPD L NRULVQLFLPD ED]D SRGDWDND GD
UD]XPHMX NRML SRGDFL SRVWRMH X ED]L ãWD RQL ]QDþH L NRMD MH UD]OLND L]PHÿX SRGDWDND
NRMLQDSUYLSRJOHGL]JOHGDMXLVWR8SUDYOMDQMHPHWDSRGDFLPDMHYHRPDELWQRMHUSRGDFL
EH]MDVQRJ]QDþHQMDPRJXELWL]EXQMXMXüLSRJUHãQRSURWXPDþHQLLOLSXQLJUHãDND
2.4 6,67(0=$835$9/-$1-(%$=$0$32'$7$.$
6LVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDND'%06- Data Base Management System

MHVRIWYHUVNLVLVWHPNRMLVHNRULVWL]DNUHLUDQMHRGUåDYDQMHLPDQLSXOLVDQMHSRGDFLPD
NDRL]DNRQWUROXSUDYDSULVWXSDED]LSRGDWDND2VQRYQLFLOMSULPHQH'%06MHGDVH
REH]EHGL QDþLQ ]D VPHãWDQMH SRGDWDND L GRELMDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD L] ED]H SRGDWDND QD
QDMSRJRGQLML L QDMHILNDVQLML QDþLQ 3ULPHQMXMH VH ]D XSUDYOMDQMH YHOLNLP NROLþLQDPD
SRGDWDND'%06RPRJXüDYDNUDMQMLPNRULVQLFLPDLSURJUDPHULPDGDGHOHSRGDWNHWM
RPRJXüDYDGDVHSRGDFLNRULVWHRGVWUDQHYLãHDSOLNDFLMDDQHGDVYDNDDSOLNDFLMDLPD
VYRMX NRSLMX SRGDWND VDþXYDQX X SRVHEQLP GDWRWHNDPD '%06 WDNRÿH SUXåD
PRJXüQRVW NRQWUROH SULVWXSD SRGDFLPD RVLJXUDYD LQWHJULWHW SRGDWDND XVSRVWDYOMD
NRQWUROXNRQNXUHQWQRVWLLYUãLRSRUDYDNED]HSRGDWDND3URJUDPHULDSOLNDFLMD]DUDGVD
ED]DPDSRGDWDNDQHPRUDMXGDSR]QDMXGHWDOMHRQDþLQX]DSLVDED]HSRGDWDNDQDGLVNX
QHPRUDMXGDIRUPXOLãXDOJRULWPH]DHILNDVDQSULVWXSSRGDFLPDQLWLVXRSWHUHüHQLELOR
NDNYLPDVSHNWLPDRNRXSUDYOMDQMDSRGDFLPDXED]LSRGDWDND
'DQDV MH YHRPD ELWDQ L ]QDþDMDQ NRQFHSW ED]H SRGDWDND SR NRPH MH WR X VWYDUL
]DMHGQLþNL UHVXUV NRJD LVWRYUHPHQR NRQNXUHQWQR NRULVWL YHüL EURM SURJUDPD MHU VH
SUDYLHIHNWLED]HSRGDWDNDLVSROMDYDMXNDGDVHUDGLXPUHåQRPRNUXåHQMX3RVPDWUDMPR
ED]XSRGDWDNDMHGQHEDQNHXNRMRMVHQDOD]HUDþXQLJUDÿDQD0RJXüHMHGDVHXLVWRP
WUHQXWNX QD ãDOWHUX X MHGQRM HNVSR]LWXUL SRGLåH QRYDF VD MHGQRJ UDþXQD L XSODüXMH QD
17
Baze podataka
GUXJLUDþXQDGDVHLVWRYUHPHQRXVDVYLPGUXJRMHNVSR]LWXULXSODüXMH QRYDFQDLVWLWDM
UDþXQ3RPHQXWL'%06MHXSUDYRWXGDXSUDYOMDNRQNXUHQWQLPUDGRPYLãHNRULVQLNDL
GDREH]EHÿXMHVLQKURQL]DFLMXQMLKRYRJUDGD
7DNRÿH '%06 LPD IXQNFLMX GD VSUHþL ãWHWQH SRVOHGLFH QDUXãHQ LQWHJULWHW ED]H
QHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWDQMHED]HSULSURPHQDPDWUDQVDNFLMDPDNRMHVHYUãHQDGED]RP
SRGDWDND X YLãHNRULVQLþNRP RNUXåHQMX 8 WX VYUKX SRVWRMH UD]QH WHKQLNH NDR ãWR VX
WHKQLND ]DNOMXþDYDQMD SRGDWDND WHKQLND YUHPHQVNRJ PDUNLUDQMD LWG 3RVHEQR MH
]QDþDMQR XSUDYOMDQMH LVWRYUHPHQLP NRQNXUHQWQLP WUDQVDNFLMDPD 7DþQRVW ]DãWLWD L
GRVWXSQRVW ED]D SRGDWDND NDR L NRUHNWQRVW L SHUIRUPDQVH WUDQVDNFLMD NRMH SULVWXSDMX
WLP ED]DPD VX ELWQL SDUDPHWUL ]D XVSHK VYDNRJ SRVORYQRJ VLVWHPD 7HUPLQL ED]D
SRGDWDND L XSUDYOMDQMH ED]RP SRGDWDND VH SRQHNDG PHãDMX 6WUXþQR JRYRUHüL ED]D
SRGDWDNDMHXYHNVNXSSRGDWDNDDQHUDþXQDUVNLSURJUDP
Program X Program Y Program Z
DBMS – Data Base Management System

(Sistem za upravljanje bazama podataka)
Baza podataka
Baza podataka – podaci na disku
Slika 2.5: '%06MHLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMDNRULVQLNDL]DSLVDED]HSRGDWDNDQDGLVNX
'%06MHXYHGHQNDRLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXNRULVQLNDNRULVQLþNLKSURJUDPDDSOLNDFLMDL

]DSLVDED]HSRGDWDNDQDGLVNX6OLND. .RULVQLþNLSURJUDPLQHSULVWXSDMXSRGDFLPD
GLUHNWQR YHü NRPXQLFLUDMX VD RYLP VRIWYHURP SURJUDPRP 1D QHNL QDþLQ '%06
skriva od NRULVQLND NRPSOHNVQX LQWHUQX VWUXNWXUX VDPLK SRGDWDND X ED]L SRGDWDND
'%06 XSUDYOMD VWUXNWXURP ED]H SRGDWDND GHILQLãH REMHNWH ED]H QMLKRYD VYRMVWYD
DWULEXWH GR]YROMHQH YUHGQRVWL DWULEXWD YH]H L]PHÿX REMHNDWD RJUDQLþHQMD QDG
REMHNWLPD L PHÿXVREQLP YH]DPD 2PRJXüDYD PDQLSXODFLMX SRGDFLPD X ED]L
XQRãHQMH EULVDQMH L L]PHQH WM RPRJXüDYD QMHQR RGUåDYDQMH .RQWUROLãH SULVWXS
SRGDFLPDNRPRåHGDSULVWXSLSRGDFLPDNRMLPSRGDFLPDLãWDPRåHVDQMLPDGDUDGL
'%06 GR]YROMDYD GHOMHQMH %3 L]PHÿX YLãH DSOLNDFLMDNRULVQLND L þLQL XSUDYOMDQMH
18
Baze podataka
SRGDFLPD XVSHãQLMLP L GHORWYRUQLMLP 8RELþDMHQR MH GD NDGD VH JRYRUL R VRIWYHUX ]D
ED]HSRGDWDNDRQGDVHPLVOLXSUDYRQD'%06'%06XSUDYOMDLQWHUDNFLMRPL]PHÿX
NUDMQMLK NRULVQLND DSOLNDFLMD L ED]H SRGDWDND .UDMQML NRULVQLFL LPDMX EROML SULVWXS
YHüHPEURMXEROMHRUJDQL]RYDQLKSRGDWDND
2.5 35,0(1$%$=$32'$7$.$
%D]HSRGDWDNDLPDMXãLURNXSULPHQX.DUDNWHULVWLþQLSULPHULVXGDWLXQDVWDYNX
x Bankarstvo,QIRUPDFLMHRNOLMHQWLPDUDþXQLNUHGLWLEDQNDUVNHWUDQVDNFLMHLVO
x Avio-VDREUDüDM ,QIRUPDFLMH R OHWRYLPD UH]HUYDFLMD NDUDWD L VO $YLR-
NRPSDQLMH VX PHÿX SUYLPD SRþHOH GD NRULVWH ED]H SRGDWDND NUR] JHRJUDIVNL
GLVWULEXLUDQ QDþLQ – SXWHP WHUPLQDOD L UDþXQDUD NRML VX JHRJUDIVNL ãLURNR
UDVSURVWUDQMHQL L NRML SULVWXSDMX FHQWUDOL]RYDQLP SRGDFLPD SXWHP
WHOHNRPXQLNDFLRQLKNDQDODL,QWHUQHWD
x Univerziteti,QIRUPDFLMHRVWXGHQWLPDXSLVRFHQHNXUVHYLLWG
x Transakcije putem kreditnih kartica3ODüDQMHLJHQHULVDQMHPHVHþQLKL]YHãWDMD
x Telekomunikacije (YLGHQWLUDQMH REDYOMHQLK UD]JRYRUD JHQHULVDQMH PHVHþQLK
UDþXQD SRGUãND ]D ³SULSHMG³ NDUWLFH þXYDQMH LQIRUPDFLMD R NRPXQLNDFLRQRM
PUHåLLVO
x Finansije 3URGDMD L NXSRYLQD ILQDQVLMVNLK LQVWUXPHQDWD NDR ãWR VX DNFLMH L
REYH]QLFH
x Trgovina3RGDFLRNXSFLPDSURL]YRGLPDLUD]OLþLWLNDWDOR]LVDFHQDPD
x Proizvodnja8SUDYOMDQMHODQFLPDVQDEGHYDQMDSUDüHQMHSURL]YRGQMHVWDYNLR
]DOLKDPDXPDJDFLQLPDLOLSURGDYQLFDPDJHQHULVDQMHRWSUHPQLFDIDNWXUDLVO
x Ljudski resursi,QIRUPDFLMHR]DSRVOHQLPDSODWHSRUH]LQDSODWHLEHQHILFLMHL sl.
,] QDYHGHQH OLVWH MDVQR MH GD VX ED]H SRGDWDND GDQDV VXãWLQVNL GHR VNRUR VYLK
RUJDQL]DFLMD8UDQRPSHULRGXSULPHQHED]DSRGDWDNDPDOLEURMOMXGLMHLPDRGLUHNWDQ
NRQWDNWVDED]DPD3ULVWXSVHRGQRVLRQDSRVHGRYDQMHãWDPSDQLKL]YHãWDMDLOLVHSULVWXS
RVWYDULYDR SRVUHGQR QSU SUHNR VOXåEHQLND NRG EDNDUVNLK WUDQVDNFLMD LOL UH]HUYDFLMH
NDUDWD 3UYL PDVRYQL GLUHNWQL SULVWXSL ED]DPD SRGDWDND VX RVWYDULYDQL SXWHP VHUYLVD
SUHNRWHOHIRQVNHOLQLMH5D]YRM,QWHUQHWVHUYLVDNUDMHPGHYHGHVHWLKJRGLQDSRYHüDRMH
diUHNWDQ SULVWXS NRULVQLND ED]DPD SRGDWDND :HE LQWHUIHMVL VX GDQDV RPRJXüLOL QL]
XVOXJDNRMHVHPRJXUHDOL]RYDWLXUHDOQRPYUHPHQXon-line.RULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMVLVX
VDNULOLGHWDOMHGLUHNWQRJSULVWXSDED]DPDWDNRGDYHüLQDOMXGLGDQDVQLMHQLVYHVQDGD
raGL VD ED]DPD SRGDWDND NRMH VX SRVWDOH ELWDQ GHR QMLKRYRJ åLYRWD =QDþDM ED]D
SRGDWDND RJOHGD VH L X WRPH ãWR VX VRIWYHUVNH NRPSDQLMH NDR ãWR MH 2UDFOH SRVWDOH
MHGQH RG QDMYHüLK QD VYHWX D VRIWYHUVNH NRPSDQLMH NDR ãWR VX 0LFURVRIW L ,%0
SRNODQMDMXYHOLNXSDåQMXUD]YRMXVRSVWYHQLKVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDND
19
Baze podataka
3 ./$6,ý1,6,67(0,6$'$727(.$0$,%$=(
PODATAKA
KDGD VX VH UDþXQDUL SRþHOL NRULVWLWL ]D REUDGX SRGDWDND QLVX SRVWRMDOH ED]H
SRGDWDND5DþXQDULVXXWRYUHPHELOL]QDWQRVODELMLQHJRGDQDãQMLSHUVRQDOQLUDþXQDUL
]DX]LPDOLVXþLWDYXSURVWRULMXLNRULVWLOLVXVHVNRURLVNOMXþLYR]DQDXþQDL]UDþXQDYDQMD
PRVWHSHQR VX UDþXQDUL XYRÿHQL X SRVORYQL VYHW 'D EL ELOL RG NRULVWL ]D SRVORYQH
DSOLNDFLMH UDþXQDUL PRUDMX GD VNODGLãWH PDQLSXOLãX L SUHX]LPDMX YHOLNH GDWRWHNH
SRGDWDND.DNRVXSRVORYQHDSOLNDFLMHSRVWDMDOHVYHNRPSOHNVQLMHSRVWDORMHRþLJOHGQR
da klaVLþQL VLVWHPL ]DVQRYDQL QD GDWRWHNDPD LPDMX YHOLNL EURM QHGRVWDWDND L
RJUDQLþHQMD 8 YHüLQL ELWQLK SRVORYQLK DSOLNDFLMD GDQDV VH XPHVWR NODVLþQRJ VLVWHPD
]DVQRYDQRJQDGDWRWHNDPDNRULVWHED]HSRGDWDND
.ODVLþDQVLVWHPREUDGHSRGDWDND]DVQRYDQQDGDWRWHNDPDLSURJUDPVNLPMH]LFLPD
SULND]DQ MH EORN ãHPRP QD VOHGHüRM VOLFL 3URJUDPL VX GLUHNWQR SRYH]DQL VD
GDWRWHNDPD VYDNL SURJUDP PRUD GD SR]QDMH GHWDOMDQ ]DSLV SRGDWDND QD GLVNX Slika
3.1
Program X Program Y Program Z
Datoteka 1 Datoteka 2 Datoteka 3 Datoteka 4 Datoteka 5
Datoteke – podaci na disku
Slika 3.1: .ODVLþDQVLVWHPREUDGHSRGDWDND]DVQRYDQQDSURJUDPVNLPMH]LFLPDLGDWRWHNDPD
'D EL REMDVQLOL RVQRYQH NDUDNWHULVWLNH VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD GDWRWHNDPD

SRVPDWUDMPR LQIRUPDFLRQL VLVWHP MHGQRJ XQLYHU]LWHWD 6WDQGDUGQD IXQNFLRQDOQRVW
WDNYRJVLVWHPDMHGDVWXGHQWLSUHNRLQWHUQHWDSULMDYOMXMXLVSLWHDSURIHVRULQDNRQLVSLWD
XQRVH RFHQH 8 NODVLþQRM REUDGL SRGDWDND VD GDWRWHNDPD SRVWRMDR EL YHOLNL EURM
GDWRWHND]DVWXGHQWHL]DSURIHVRUH1HNHRGGDWRWHNDELELOH]DMHGQLþNH
20
Baze podataka
Definicija datoteka
Unos podatka
i izveštaji Upravljanje
Student datotekama
Datoteke za
Aplikacija: Prijavljivanje ispita
studente
Definicija datoteka
Unos podatka
i izveštaji Upravljanje
Profesor datotekama Datoteke za
Aplikacija: Unos ocena Profesore
Slika 3.2: .ODVLþQDREUDGDSRGDWDND]DVQRYDQDQDVLVWHPXGDWRWHND
$SOLNDFLMH ]D SULMDYX LVSLWD L ]D XQRV RFHQD EL ELOH RSWHUHüHQH YHOLNLP EURMHP
SUHFL]QLK GHILQLFLMD GDWRWHND 2YH GHILQLFLMH IRUPDW L QDþLQ SULVWXSD GDWRWHFL EL
QHPLQRYQR SURãLULYDOH RVQRYQL NRG DSOLNDFLMH WDNR GD EL VDPD IXQNFLRQDOQRVW RNR
SULMDYHLVSLWDLXQRVDRFHQDELODSUDNWLþQRXGUXJRPSODQX.DNRVHXQHNRMDSOLNDFLML
SRYHüDYDEURMOLQLMDNRGDVDPDDSOLNDFLMDSRVWDMHQHSUHJOHGQDLVNORQDJUHãNDPDRG
NRMLKVXQDMWHåHW]YORJLþNHJUHãNH7HVWLUDQMHWDNYLKDSOLNDFLMDLLVSUDYOMDQMHORJLþNLK
JUHãDND MH YHRPD VORåHQR 3RãWR SRVWRML YHOLNL EURM GDWRWHND QHPLQRYQR SRVWRML L
YHOLND UHGXGDQVD SRQDYOMDQMH SRGDWDND ,VWL SRGDFL VH PRJX QDüL X UD]OLþLWLP
GDWRWHNDDRGUåDYDQMHWDNYLKSRGDWDNDMHWHãNRLJUHãNHXUDGXVXQHPLQRYQH
3.1 1('267$&,6,67(0$=$6129$12*1$'$727(.$0$
3RVWRML YLãH PDQD NRMH VX WLSLþQH ]D VLVWHP NRML MH ]DVQRYDQ QD GDWRWHNDPD L
NODVLþQLPSURJUDPVNLPMH]LFLPD1DSUYRPPHVWXWRMHzDYLVQRVWL]PHÿXSURJUDPDL
SRGDWDND. 2SLVL GDWRWHND VH þXYDMX X RNYLUX VYDNRJ SURJUDPD NRML SULVWXSD WRM
GDWRWHFL .DRSRVOHGLFDRYRJDVYDNDSURPHQDNRMDVHQDSUDYLXGDWRWHFLDRGQRVLVH
QDVWUXNWXUXPRPHQWDOQRSRGUD]XPHYDGDVHPRUDPHQMDWLLRSLVGDWRWHNDXVYDNRP
SURJUDPX NRML SULVWXSD WLP SRGDFLPD 3UHWSRVWDYLPR GD VH YHOLþLQD SROMD $GUHVD
VWXGHQWDPHQMDVDNDUDNWHUDQDNDUDNWHUD=ERJWRJDVHRSLVGDWRWHNHXVYDNRP
SURJUDPX PRUD DåXULUDWL ýHVWR MH WHãNR L VDPR ORFLUDQMH VYLK SURJUDPD QD NRMH MH
XWLFDODRYDNYDSURPHQDâWRMHMRãJRUHSULDåXULUDQMXVHþHVWRSUDYHJUHãNH
ReduGDQVD SRGDWDND .DNR VH X SULND]DQRP VLVWHPX SURFHVL RGYLMDMX QH]DYLVQR

MHGQL RG GUXJLK SRQDYOMDQMH SRGDWDND QLMH L]X]HWDN YHü MH SUDYLOR =ERJ QHSRWUHEQLK
GXSOLNDWDSRWUHEDQMHYHüLSURVWRU]DQMLKRYRþXYDQMHNDRLYLãHWUXGDLUDGDSULQMLKRYRP
DåXULUDQMX 1HSODQLUDQD UHGXGDQVD SRGDWDND PRåH GD GRYHGH GR JXELWND SRGDWDND 1D
21
Baze podataka
SULPHU LVWL SRGDFL PRJX VH YRGLWL SRG UD]OLþLWLP LPHQLPD DWULEXWD X UD]OLþLWLP
GRNXPHQWLPDLOLREUQXWRLVWRLPHVHPRåHNRULVWLWL]DUD]OLþLWHYUVWHSRGDWDND.
2JUDQLþHQRVW GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND .RULãüHQMHP NODVLþQRJ VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD

GDWRWHNDPD VYDNL SURFHV LPD VYRMH GDWRWHNH L NRULVQLFL QHPDMXãDQVX GD PHÿXVREQR
GHOHSRGDWNHVDNRULVQLFLPDL]GUXJLKSURFHVD
Dugo vreme za razvoj: 6DNODVLþQLPVLVWHPRP]DVQRYDQRPQDGDWRWHNDPDSRVWRML

PDOD ãDQVD ]D NRULãüHQMH SUHWKRGQLK UD]YRMQLK GRVWLJQXüD 6YDND QRYD DSOLNDFLMD
]DKWHYD RG SURMHNWDQWD GD NUHQH RG QXOH 6YDNL SXW MH QHRSKRGQR GHILQLVDWL QRYH
IRUPDWH L RSLVH SRGDWDND L SLVDWL NRG ]D SULVWXS SRGDFLPD ]D VYDNL SURJUDP 2YDNR
YHOLNRYUHPH]DUD]YRMQLMHXVNODGXVDGDQDãQMLPSRVORYQLPSRWUHEDPDJGHMHVYDNL
PLQXWELWDQGDELVHSRVWLJDRXVSHK
7HãNRRGUåDYDQMHSURJUDPD6NXSVYLKSUHWKRGQRQDYHGHQLKQHGRVWDWDNDGRYRGL
GR SUHWHUDQH SRWUHEH ]D RGUåDYDQMHP SURJUDPD ýDN EXGåHWD SUHGYLÿHQRJ ]D
UD]YRM VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD GDWRWHNDPD RGOD]L QD QMHJRYR RGUåDYDQMH =ERJ WRJD
QDUDYQRRVWDMHMDNRPDORSURVWRUD]DUD]YRMQRYLKDSOLNDFLMD
3.2 35,6783=$6129$11$%$=$0$32'$7$.$
3ULVWXS ]DVQRYDQ QD %3 SRWHQFLUD LQWHJUDFLMX L GHOMHQMH SRGDWDND L]PHÿX VYLK
RGHOMHQMD MHGQH RUJDQL]DFLMH 2YDM SULVWXS ]DKWHYD SRWSXQX SURPHQX X QDþLQX
UD]PLãOMDQMD SRþHYãL RG QDMYLãHJ QLYRD XSUDYOMDQMD 7DNYD SURPHQD QDþLQD
UD]PLãOMDQMD]DYHüLQXRUJDQL]DFLMDMHYHRPDWHãND
Unos podatka
i izveštaji
Student Baza podataka

Aplikacija:
DBMS
Prijavljivanje ispita Podaci,
Metapodaci,
Registar
Unos podatka korisnika
i izveštaji
Šema BP
Profesor
Student (BrInd, Ime, Adresa, telefon)
Aplikacija: Predmet (IdPredmet, Naziv, IdProf)
Unos ocena Prijava (brInd, IdPredmet, IdProf, Datum, Vreme, sala)
Ocena (brInd, IdPredmet, IdProf, Ocena)
Slika 3.3: %ORNãHPDLQIRUPDFLRQRJVLVWHPD]DVQRYDQRJQDED]DPDSRGDWDND
22
Baze podataka
'DELREMDVQLOLSULVWXS]DVQRYDQQD%3SRVPDWUDMPRSUHWKRGQRUD]PDWUDQL]DVWDUHOL
LQIRUPDFLRQL VLVWHP NRML VH NODVLþQR ]DVQLYDR QD GDWRWHNDPD .RQFHSW VLVWHPD
]DVQRYDQRJ QD %3 SULND]DQ MH QD 6OLFL 2GPDK VH PRåH XRþLWL GD SRGDFL NRML VX
SUHWKRGQR þXYDQL X YLãH UD]OLþLWLK GDWRWHND VDGD VX LQWHJULVDQL X MHGLQVWYHQX %3
0HWDSRGDFL NRML RSLVXMX RYH SRGDWNH QDOD]H VH ]DMHGQR VD QMLPD X %3 6LVWHP ]D
XSUDYOMDQMH %3 SUXåD PRJXüQRVW VWYDUDQMD UD]OLþLWLK SRJOHGD QD LVWX LOL YLãH %3 ]D
UD]OLþLWH NRULVQLNH X RUJDQL]DFLML '%06 GR]YROMDYD NRULVQLFLPD GD GHOH SUHWUDåXMX
SULVWXSDMXLDåXULUDMXLQWHJULVDQHSRGDWNH
3.3 35('1267,35,6783$=$6129$12*1$%$=$0$32'$7$.$
3ULVWXS]DVQRYDQQDED]DPDSRGDWDNDLPDPQRJRSRWHQFLMDOQLKSUHGQRVWLXRGQRVX
QDSULVWXS]DVQRYDQQDGDWRWHNDPD7HSUHGQRVWLVXVOHGHüH
x 1H]DYLVQRVWL]PHÿXSURJUDPDLSRGDWDND
2GYDMDQMH PHWDSRGDWDND RG DSOLNDFLMD NRMH NRULVWH SRGDWNH QD]LYD VH
QH]DYLVQRVW SRGDWDND 2YD RVRELQD NRG ED]D SRGDWDND GR]YROMDYD SURPHQX L
SUHQRV SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMH QD GUXJH UDþXQDUVNH VLVWHPH EH] SRWUHEH ]D
SURPHQRPSURJUDPDNRMLREUDÿXMHRYHSRGDWNH
x 0LQLPDOQDUHGXGDQVDSRGDWDND
&LOM SULVWXSD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD ED]DPD SRGDWDND MH GD VH SRGDFL NRML VX VH X
SUHWKRGQRP SULVWXSX þXYDOL RGYRMHQR L YLãH SXWD VX ]ERJ WRJD SRQDYOMDQL VDGD
LQWHJULãXXMHGLQVWYHQXORJLþNXVWUXNWXUX6YDNLSRGDWDNVHQDOD]LVDPRQDMHGQRP
PHVWXXED]LSRGDWDND3ULVWXS]DVQRYDQQDED]DPDSRGDWDNDQHXNODQMDUHGXGDQVX
XSRWSXQRVWLDOLRPRJXüDYDSURMHNWDQWXED]HSRGDWDNDGDSDåOMLYRLVSODQLUDYUVWXL
NROLþLQX UHGXGDQVH 8 QHNLP VOXþDMHYLPD MH SRåHOMQR QDSUDYLWL RJUDQLþHQX
UHGXGDQVXNDNRELVHSHUIRUPDQVHED]HSRGDWDNDSREROMãDOHQSUEUåDSUHWUDJD
x 3REROMãDQDNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWSRGDWDND
(OLPLQLVDQMHP LOL NRQWUROLVDQMHP UHGXGDQVH SRGDWDND X YHOLNRM PHUL VH
VPDQMXMXãDQVH]DQHNRQ]LVWHQWQRãüXSRGDWDND1DSULPHUXNROLNRMHDGUHVDNXSFD
]DSLVDQDQDVDPRMHGQRPPHVWXQHPRåHGDSRVWRMLQHSRGXGDUDQMHXSRGDFLPDX
ED]L SRGDWDND 7DNRÿH DåXULUDQMH SRGDWDND MH X YHOLNRM PHUL XSURãüHQR NDGD MH
VYDNDYUHGQRVW]DSLVDQDQDVDPRMHGQRPPHVWX1DNUDMXXNODQMDQMHPUHGXGDQVH
SRGDWDNDGROD]LGRXãWHGHPHPRULMH
x 3REROMãDQDUD]PHQDSRGDWDND
Baza SRGDWDND MH GL]DMQLUDQD NDR UHVXUV RUJDQL]DFLMH NRML NRULVWH VYL QMHQL
]DSRVOHQL NRMLPD MH RQD QHRSKRGQD X RSLVX SRVOD 2GUHÿHQLP LQWHUQLP L
HNVWHUQLPNRULVQLFLPDMHGR]YROMHQRNRULãüHQMHED]HSRGDWDNDLVYDNLRGQMLKELR
23
Baze podataka
X SLWDQMX MHGDQ NRULVQLN LOL JUXSD LPD MHGDQ LOL YLãH SRJOHGD NRML PX RODNãDYDMX
NRULãüHQMH ED]H SRGDWDND .RULVQLþNL SRJOHG MH ORJLþNL RSLV MHGQRJ GHOD ED]H
SRGDWDNDNRMLMHQHRSKRGDQNRULVQLNXGDREDYLQHNL]DGDWDN
x 9HüDEH]EHGQRVWSRGDWDND
.DGDYHOLNLEURMNRULVQLNDLPDSULVWXSLVWLPSRGDFLPDSRVWRMLYLVRNQLYRUL]LND
GD VH SRGDFL PRJX ]ORXSRWUHELWL LOL GD VH þDN PRJX QHRYODãüHQR PHQMDWL
.RPSDQLMHXODåX]QDþDMQDVUHGVWYDYUHPHLVRSVWYHQHUHVXUVHXFLOMXREH]EHÿHQMD
VYRMLK SRGDWDND '%06 MH RNUXåHQMH SUHNR NRJD VH NUR] IXQNFLMH DGPLQLVWUDFLMH
EROMH XSUDYOMDWL VD EH]EHGQRVQR RVHWOMLYLP SRGDFLPD L SULYLOHJLMDPD NUDMQMLK
NRULVQLND
x 3RYHüDQDSURGXNWLYQRVWXUD]YRMXDSOLNDFLMD
9HOLNDSUHGQRVWSULVWXSD]DVQRYDQRJQDED]DPDSRGDWDNDMHWDãWRVHX]QDWQRM
PHUL VPDQMXMX WURãNRYL L YUHPH SRWUHEQR ]D UD]YRM QRYLK SRVORYQLK DSOLNDFLMD
3RVWRMHGYDYDåQDUD]ORJD]DãWRVHDSOLNDFLMHED]DSRGDWDNDUD]YLMDMX]QDWQREUåH
QHJRNRGNODVLþQLKVLVWHPDVDGDWRWHNDPD
o 3UHWSRVWDYOMDMXüL GD VX ED]D SRGDWDND L VYH SURSUDWQH DSOLNDFLMH YHü

QDSUDYOMHQH L LPSOHPHQWLUDQH SURJUDPHU VH PRåH NRQFHQWULVDWL QD RGUHÿHQX
IXQNFLMX NRMD MH QHRSKRGQD ]D QRYX DSOLNDFLMX D QH PRUD GD UD]PLãOMD R
GHILQLVDQMXSRGDWDNDLOLRGHWDOMLPDYH]DQLP]DLPSOHPHQWDFLMX
o '%06 SUXåD YHOLNL EURM DODWD ]D L]YHãWDYDQMH NDR ãWR VX JHQHUDWRUL IRUPL L
L]YHãWDMDLMH]LNHX]SRPRüNRMLKVHDXWRPDWL]XMXQHNHRGDNWLYQRVWLNDRãWRVX
GL]DMQLLPSOHPHQWDFLMDED]DSRGDWDND
x 6PDQMHQDSRWUHED]DRGUåDYDQMHPSURJUDPD
6DþXYDQL SRGDFL VH PRUDMX þHVWR PHQMDWL L] YHOLNRJ EURMD UD]ORJD QRYH YUVWH
pRGDWDNDVHGRGDMXIRUPDWLSRGDWDNDVHPHQMDMXLWDNRGDOMH3R]QDWSULPHURYRJD
SUREOHPDMHXOD]DNX-WXJRGLQXNDGDVHVDXRELþDMHQRJVLVWHPDSULND]LYDQMD
JRGLQD VD GYH FLIUH PRUDOR SUHüL QD þHWLUL FLIUH 8 VLVWHPX REUDGH GDWRWHND
PHWDSRGDFLLORJLNDSULVWXSDQMXSRGDFLPDVHQDOD]HXLQGLYLGXDOQLPDSOLNDFLRQLP
SURJUDPLPD RYR MH ]DYLVQRVW L]PHÿX SURJUDPD L SRGDWDND R NRMRM MH UDQLMH ELOR
UHþL .DR UH]XOWDW RYRJD SURPHQD IRUPDWD SRGDWDND L PHWRGD SULVWXSDQMD
PRPHQWDOQR GRYRGL GR SRWUHEH PHQMDQMD DSOLNDWLYQLK SURJUDPD .RG ED]D
SRGDWDNDSRGDFLVX]QDWQRYLãHQH]DYLVQLRGDSOLNDWLYQLKSURJUDPDNRMLLKNRULVWH
8 RNYLUX RGUHÿHQLK JUDQLFD PRåHPR GD SURPHQLPR MHGQX RG VWDYNL IRUPDW
SRGDWDND LOL DSOLNDWLYQL SURJUDP D GD QH PRUDPR GD SURPHQLPR GUXJX VWDYNX
.DRUH]XOWDWRYRJDMDYOMDVHVPDQMHQMHSRWUHED]DRGUåDYDQMHPSURJUDPD
24
Baze podataka
3.4 752â.29,,5,=,&,35,6783$=$6129$12*1$%$=$0$
PODATAKA
8 SUHWKRGQRP GHOX WHNVWD QDYHGHQR MH QHNROLNR JODYQLK SRWHQFLMDOQLK SUHGQRVWL

SULVWXSD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD ED]DPD SRGDWDND 0HÿXWLP NRG YHOLNRJ EURMD RUJDQL]DFLMD
ELOR MH UD]OLþLWLK SUREOHPD NRG RVWYDUHQMD L LVNRULãüHQMD WLK SUHGQRVWL 1D SULPHU
SRVWL]DQMHQH]DYLVQRVWLSRGDWDNDLVWRJDVPDQMHQHSRWUHEH]DRGUåDYDQMHPSURJUDPD
VH SRND]DOR NDR WHãNR RVWYDULYR ]ERJ RJUDQLþHQMD VWDULMLK PRGHOD ED]D SRGDWDND L
VRIWYHUD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND 1D VUHüX UHODFLRQL PRGHOL NDR L QRYLML
REMHNWQR-RUMHQWLVDQL PRGHOL QHPDMX RYLK SUREOHPD 'UXJL UD]ORJ ]D QHXVSHK GD VH
LVNRULVWH RYH SUHGQRVWL MH ORãH SODQLUDQMH L LPSOHPHQWDFLMD baza podataka – þDN QL
QDMEROML VRIWYHU ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND QH PRåH GD SUHYD]LÿH RYDNYH
PDQMNDYRVWL 3ULVWXS ]DVQRYDQ QD ED]DPD SRGDWDND VDGUåL QHNH GRGDWQH WURãNRYH L
UL]LNHNRMLVHPRUDMXUHãDYDWLNDGDVHVLVWHPSRþQHSULPHQMLYDWL
x 1RYRREXþHQRRVREOMH
ýHVWR VH GHãDYD GD SUHGX]HüH NRMH VH RGOXþL ]D SULVWXS ]DVQRYDQ QD ED]DPD
SRGDWDND PRUD GD DQJDåXMH LOL REXþL OMXGH ]D SURMHNWRYDQMH LPSOHPHQWLUDQMH L
RGUåDYDQMHED]DSRGDWDNDNDRLGDWHOMXGHXNOMXþLXSRVWRMHüXUDGQXRUJDQL]DFLMX
'DOMH]ERJþHVWLKL]PHQDLEU]LQHUD]YRMDWHKQRORJLMH]QDQMHRYRJQRYRJRVREOMD
]DKWHYDVWDOQXQDGJUDGQMXLXQDSUHÿLYDQMH-HGLQRREXþHQRRVREOMHPRåHGDL]YXþH
PDNVLPXPNRULVQRVWLL]QRYLKWHKQRORJLMD
x 7URãNRYL L VORåHQRVW LQVWDOLUDQMD XSUDYOMDQMD L UDGD VLVWHPD VD ED]DPD

SRGDWDND
9LãHNRULVQLþNLVLVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDNDMHYHOLNLLVORåHQVRIWYHU
NRML X VWDUWX PQRJR NRãWD ]DKWHYD REXþHQR RVREOMH ]D LQVWDOLUDQMH L UDG L LPD
]QDþDMQHJRGLãQMHWURãNRYH]DRGUåDYDQMHLWHKQLþNXSRGUãNX,QVWDOLUDQMHRYDNYRJ
VLVWHPDPRåH]DKWHYDWLQDGRJUDGQMXKDUGYHUD6WDOQHREXNHVHSRGUD]XPHYDMXGD
EL VH PRJOH SUDWLWL QRYH YHU]LMH L QDGRJUDGQMH VRIWYHUD 7DNRÿH VH PRåH SRMDYLWL
SRWUHED ]D GRGDWQLP L VNXSOMLP VRIWYHURP ]D ED]H SRGDWDND UDGL YHüH VLJXUQRVWL
podataka.
x 7URãNRYLSULODJRÿDYDQMDNRQYHUWRYDQMDSRGDWDND

7HUPLQ QDVOHÿHQL VLVWHPL VH XJODYQRP NRULVWL NDGD VH JRYRUL R VWDULMLP
DSOLNDFLMDPD X SUHGX]HüX NRMH VX ED]LUDQH QD GDWRWHNDPD LOL VWDULMLP ED]DPD
SRGDWDND 7URãNRYL SULODJRÿDYDQMD RYDNYLK VWDULMLK VLVWHPD ]D UDG VD PRGHUQLP
ED]DPDSRGDWDNDPHUHQLXQRYFXYUHPHQXL]DKWHYQRVWLSRVODþHVWRGHOXMXNDR
YHOLNDSUHSUHND]DSUHGX]HüH
25
Baze podataka
x 3RWUHED]DL]UDGRPVLJXUQRVQLKNRSLMDLRSRUDYNRPSRGDWDNDEDFNXS
'HOMHQDED]DSRGDWDNDSUHGX]HüDXYHNPRUDELWLWDþQDLGRVWXSQD7R]DKWHYD
UD]YLMDQMH L NRULãüHQMH MDVQLK SURFHGXUD L]UDGH VLJXUQRVQLK NRSLMD NDR L RSRUDYDN
ED]H SRGDWDND NDGD QHNR RãWHüHQMH QDVWDQH 8 GDQDãQMHP RNUXåHQMX JGH SRVWRMH
UD]QRYUVQL EH]EHGQRVQL UL]LFL UHãDYDQMH RYRJ SUREOHPD MH RG L]X]HWQH YDåQRsti.
0RGHUDQ VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND RELþQR VDP REDYOMD L]UDGX
VLJXUQRVQLKNRSLMDLRSRUDYDNSRGDWDNDXVOXþDMXKDYDULMD
x .RQIOLNWLXRUJDQL]DFLML
'HOMHQDED]DSRGDWDND]DKWHYDVDJODVQRVWXYH]LVDGHILQLFLMDPDLYODVQLãWYRP
SRGDWDND NDR L XWYUÿHQX RVREX LOL RVREH RGJRYRUQH ]D RGUåDYDQMH SRGDWDND
,VNXVWYR MH SRND]DOR GD QHVXJODVLFH X SRJOHGX GHILQLFLMD SRGDWDND IRUPDWD L
NRGLUDQMDSRGDWDNDSUDYDQDDåXULUDQMHGHOMHQLKSRGDWDNDLVOVXþHVWDLYUORWHãND
WHPD ]D UHãDYDQMH 'D EL VH RYL SUREOHPL UHãLOL SRWUHEQR MH GD MH RUJDQL]DFLMD X
SRWSXQRVWL SRVYHüHQD XYRÿHQMXNRULãüHQMX SULVWXSD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD ED]DPD
SRGDWDND =DWLP MH SRWUHEDQ VSRVREDQ DGPLQLVWUDWRU ED]H SRGDWDND NDR L VPLVOHQ
SULVWXSUD]YRMXED]DSRGDWDND8NROLNRSRGUãNDLSRVYHüHQRVW JODYQLKPHQDGåHUD
]DSULVWXSRNUHQXWED]DPDSRGDWDNDL]RVWDQHYHOLNDMHãDQVDGDüHNUDMQMLNRULVQLFL
UD]YLWL YHüL EURM VDPRVWDOQLK ED]D SRGDWDND 2YH ED]H SRGDWDND üH WHãNR SUXåLWL
SUHGQRVWL NRMH VPR SUHWKRGQR RSLVDOL 8 NUDMQRVWL RQH PRJX GD GRYHGX GR
GRQRãHQMDORãLKRGOXNDãWRQDUDYQRXJURåDYDFHOXRUJDQL]DFLMX
26
Baze podataka
4 02'(/29$1-(
IQIRUPDFLRQL VLVWHPL SRMHGLQLK ILUPL RPRJXüDYDMX XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD NRML VX

ELWQL]DQMHQRSRVORYDQMH0HÿXWLPEURMLQWHUQLKSRGDWDNDLSRGDWDNDL]RNUXåHQMDMH
RJURPDQ WH MH QHPRJXüH VYH SRGDWNH L VYH XRþHQH GHWDOMH RSLVDWL L VDþXYDWL XQXWDU
LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD 3RVWXSNRP VHOHNFLMH LGHQWLILNXMX VH L þXYDMX VDPR UHOHYDQWQL
SRGDFL7LPHVHGROD]LGRSRMPDPRGHODSRGDWDND2QMHL]UD]LSRVOHGLFD]DKWHYD]D
REUDGRP SRGDWDND UHOHYDQWQLK ]D RGUHÿHQR SRGUXþMH SULPHQH 0RGHOL VX þRYHNRYR
VUHGVWYRSRMHGQRVWDYOMLYDQMDSUREOHPDLQMHJRYRSRVPDWUDQMHVDPRVDVWDQRYLãWDELWQLK
]D FLOMHYH DQDOL]H 2EMHNW SRVPDWUDQMD QSU DXWRPRELO LPD XYHN YLãH RVRELQD
DWULEXWDRGNRMLKXGDWRPWUHQXWNXDQDOL]HPRåHELWLGRYROMDQVDPRQMLKRYPDQMLEURM
QSUVDPRregistarski broj, tip automobila, ime i prezime vlasnika7RVXQDMYDåQLML
DWULEXWL SRWUHEQL X SRVWXSNX SUHWUDåLYDQMD L SURQDODåHQMD YODVQLND YR]LOD QD RVQRYX
UHJLVWDUVNRJEURMDYR]LODXQXWDUMHGQRJLQIRUPDFLRQRJVLVWHPD2VWDOLDWULEXWLNDRãWR
VXboja, godina proizvodnje, broj sedišta LVOQLVXELWQLPRJXVH]DQHPDULWL]DWDNDY
SRVWXSDN ýRYHN REGDUHQ VSRVREQRVWLPD DSVWUDNWQRJ QDþLQD PLãOMHQMD VWYDUD MHGDQ
DSVWUDNWQL PRGHO UHDOQRJ VYHWD 7DNDY PRGHO UHDOQRJ VYHWD REMHNWD SRVPDWUDQMD
]DVQLYDVHQDVLPEROLPDL]RYHVHNRQFHSWXDOQLPRGHOSRGDWDND
Realan svet
Model
Atribut
Atribu Atribut Atribut
Atribut
Atribut Atribut
Entitet Entitet Entitet
Slika 4.1: 5HDODQVYHWLQMHJRYPRGHO
0RGHORYDQMH SRGDWDND VH UDGL SDUDOHOQR VD DQDOL]RP SRWUHED .DNR VH LQIRUPDFLMH
SULNXSOMDMXREMHNWLVHLGHQWLILNXMXGRGHOMXMXLPVHLPHQDNRULVWHüLWHUPLQHEOLVNHNUDMQMLP
NRULVQLFLPD 2EMHNWL VH RQGD PRGHOXMXL DQDOL]LUDMX NRULãüHQMHP GLMDJUDPD REMHNWL-veze
(5GLMDJUDPL'LMDJUDPVHPRåHSUHJOHGDWLRGVWUDQHGL]DMQHUDLNUDMQMHJNRULVQLNDGDEL
27
Baze podataka
VH RVLJXUDOD QMHJRYD NRPSOHWQRVW L WDþQRVW $NR PRGHO QLMH WDþDQ PRGLILNXMH VH ãWR
SRQHNDG]DKWHYDGDVHSULNXSHGRGDWQHLQIRUPDFLMH&LNOXVSUHJOHGDQMDLPRGLILNRYDQMD
VHQDVWDYOMDVYHGRNVHQHGRELMHSRWYUGDGDMHPRGHONRUHNWDQ
4.1 5$=92-.21&(378$/1,+02'(/$
OEMHNWLL]UHDOQRJVYHWDVHXUDþXQDUVNRMSULPHQLRSLVXMXSRPRüXSRGDWDND3RGDFL
VX]DWRDSVWUDNFLMDUHDOQRVWLWMVUHGVWYD]DNRGLUDQMHRVRELQDREMHNDWDL]UHDOQRJVYHWD
0RGHORYDQH NDR SRVWXSDN NRMLP VH UHDOQL VYHW VYRGL QD RGUHÿHQL EURM SRGDWDND
predVWDYOMDNRPSOHNVDQSRVDRLVDVWRMLVHL]YLãHNRUDND
x,]ERU VHOHNFLMD 8 SUYRP NRUDNX VH PQRãWYR REMHNDWD L] UHDOQRJ VYHWD
UHGXNXMH QD PDQML VNXS REMHNDWD NRML üH þLQLWL REMHNWH PRGHOD 1SU REMHNWL
PRJXELWLVWXGHQWSUHGPHWSURIHVRUVWXGHQWVNDVOXåEDSRODJDQMHLVSLWDLVO8
SURFHVXVHOHNFLMHRYDMEURMREMHNDWDVHPRåHUHGXNRYDWLQDPDQMLEURMDNRMH
FLOM SUDüHQMH XVSHãQRVWL VWXGLUDQMD QD IDNXOWHWX 7LPH VH VORåHQRVW UHDOQRJ
VLVWHPD VPDQMXMH 6HOHNFLMD VH QH RGQRVL VDPR QD REMHNWH QHJR L QD QMLKRYH
RVRELQHNDRLQDPHÿXVREQHYH]HUHODFLMHL]PHÿXREMHNDWD
x Imenovanje. 6YDNRP REMHNWX X UHDOQRP VYHWX VYDNRM YH]L L]PHÿX XRþHQLK
REMHNDWDNDRLVYDNRPDWULEXWXVYRMVWYXXRþHQRJREMHNWDLOLYH]HGRGHOMXMH
VHLPH
x .ODVLILNDFLMD 1HKRPRJHQL VNXS REMHNDWD L RGQRVD VH VYUVWDYD X KRPRJHQH
NODVHLWLSRYHREMHNDWD.ODVLILNDFLMDXYHN]DYLVLRGSRGUXþMDSULPHQH
5H]XOWDWQDYHGHQLKNRUDNDPRGHORYDQMD]RYHVHNRQFHSWXDOQLPRGHO2QVDGUåL]D
SRVPDWUDQLSUREOHPL]UHDOQRJVYHWDVYHUHOHYDQWQHWLSRYHREMHNDWDQMLKRYHRVRELQHL
PHÿXVREQH YH]H 5H]XOWDWL SURXþDYDQMD PRGHOD SRGDWDND GRYHOL VX GR VD]QDQMD GD
VYDNLPRGHOSRGDWDNDLPDWULQHRGYRMLYHNRPSRQHQWH
x VWUXNWXUXSRGDWDND
x RSHUDFLMHQDGSRGDFLPD
x RJUDQLþHQMDconstraints
6WUXNWXUDL RJUDQLþHQMD ]D UD]OLNX RGRSHUDFLMD RSLVXMX VWDQMHUHDOQRJ VLVWHPD WM
SUHGVWDYOMDMX VWDWLþNL RSLV VWDQMD VLVWHPD 6WUXNWXUX PRGHOD þLQH REMHNWL QMLKRYD
VYRMVWYDYH]HL]PHÿXREMHNDWDLQMLKRYLKVYRMVWDYD2SHUDFLMHQDGSRGDFLPDXPRGHOX
VX X VWYDUL RSHUDFLMH QDG VWUXNWXURP PRGHOD NRMLPD VH L]UDåDYD GLQDPLND UHDOQRJ
VLVWHPD 2SHUDFLMH L]UDåDYDMX NUHWDQMH L SURPHQH WM GLQDPLNX UHDOQRJ VLVWHPD
2JUDQLþHQMD VX SUDYLOD NRMD UD]GYDMDMX GRSXãWHQD RG QHGRSXãWHQLK VWDQMD UHDOQRJ
VLVWHPDLXVYRMRMSULURGLGHRVXVWUXNWXUHPRGHODSRGDWDND3RQHNDGVHQHSRVPDWUDMX
NDRRGYRMHQHNRPSRQHQWDQHJRNDRGHRVWUXNWXUHPRGHODSRGDWDND
28
Baze podataka
4.1.1 Entiteti
0RGHOLPDSRGDWDNDQDVWRMLVHpreslikati UHDODQVLVWHP5HDODQVLVWHPVDVWRMLVHRG
REMHNDWDL]UHDOQRJVYHWDLQMLKRYLKYH]D L]PHÿXNRMLKVHXVSRVWDYOMDMXUD]OLþLWLRGQRVL
3RG HQWLWHWRP VH SRGUD]XPHYD VYH ãWRVH PRåHMHGQR]QDþQR RGUHGLWLLGHQWLILNRYDWLL
UD]OLNRYDWL 7DNR ãLURNR SRVWDYOMHQD GHILQLFLMD SRND]XMH GD HQWLWHW PRåH ELWL VYDNL
UHDODQLOLDSVWUDNWDQREMHNWRNRMHPXRGUHÿHQRPWUHQXWNXUD]PLãOMDPR(QWLWHWMH
UHDODQ DNR IL]LþNL VWYDUQRSRVWRML 1DMRSãWLMH VH PRåH WYUGLWL GD VX JUDQLFHHQWLWHWDX
PRGHOXSRGDWDNDRGUHÿHQHOMXGVNLPSRJOHGRPLQDþLQRPUD]PLãOMDQMD
6YDNL HQWLWHW XRþHQ X UHDOQRP VLVWHPX LPD VYRMH RVRELQH NRMH JD þLQH VORåHQLP L
QMLKRYH YUHGQRVWL RPRJXüDYDMX UD]OLNRYDQMH HQWLWHWD 6YRMVWYR HQWLWHWD XNOMXþXMH GYD
HOHPHQWD- DWULEXWLYUHGQRVWDWULEXWDQSUHQWLWHWStudent LPDDWULEXWHIme, Prezime,
Broj indeksa, Adresu, Telefon LVOL YUHGQRVWLMarko, 0DUNRYLü 'DQLMHORYD
- UHVSHNWLYQR6YDNLSXWNDGDVHSURPHQLYUHGQRVWDWULEXWDSRWUHEQRMH
SURPHQXHYLGHQWLUDWLWMDåXULUDWLWXYUHGQRVWDWULEXWD]DGDWLHQWLWHW
3UHFL]QR JRYRUHüL REMHNWL NRML VH R]QDþH SRMPRP HQWLWHWD PRJX Ve zvati klase
HQWLWHWD 6YDNL REMHNW LPD RVRELQH DWULEXWH NODVH HQWLWHWD NRMRM SULSDGD 1SU NODVX
HQWLWHWD Student þLQH SRMHGLQDþQL HQWLWHWL RG NRMLK VYDNL LPD ]DMHGQLþNH DWULEXWH Ime,
Prezime, Broj indeksa, Adresa, Telefon LVO6YDNLSRMHGLQDþQLHQWLWHWLPDVYHQDYHGHQH
DWULEXWHDOLüHVHUD]OLNRYDWLRGGUXJLKHQWLWHWDSRYUHGQRVWLPDSRMHGLQLKDWULEXWD
$WULEXW RSLVXMHHQWLWHW-HGQRNRQNUHWQRSRMDYOMLYDQMHDWULEXWDQD]LYDVHYUHGQRVW
$NRMHDWULEXWGRYROMQRVORåHQWDNRGDLPDVYRMHGRGDWQHDWULEXWHPRåHVHSRVPDWUDWL
NDRQRYLHQWLWHW
Domen DWULEXWDMHVNXSVYLKPRJXüLKYUHGQRVWLNRMHDWULEXWPRåHSRSULPLWL
3ULPDUQL NOMXþ MH MHGDQ LOL YLãH DWULEXWD þLMD YUHGQRVW MHGQR]QDþQR RGUHÿXMH
SULPHUDNHQWLWHWD1DSULPHU]DHQWLWHWAutoSULPDUQLNOMXþ je DWULEXWUHJLVWDUVNLEURM.
'YD UD]OLþLWD þODQD LOL SULPHUND HQWLWHWD QH PRJX LPDWL LVWL SULPDUQL NOMXþ 3ULPDUQL
NOMXþMHMHGLQVWYHQ]DVYDNRJþODQDHQWLWHWD1DSULPHU]DHQWLWHWStudent SULPDUQLNOMXþ
ELPRJDRELWLEURMLQGHNVD.
4.1.2 9H]HL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD
BazDSRGDWDNDVHQHRGQRVLVDPRQDSRMHGLQDþQHREMHNWHQHJRLQDRGQRVHL]PHÿX
REMHNDWD 8 UHDOQRP VLVWHPX REMHNWL QLVX PHÿXVREQR L]RORYDQL QHJR VH QDOD]H X
PHÿXVREQRM LQWHUDNFLML 6WXGHQW VH XSLVXMH QD IDNXOWHW VOXãD SUHGDYDQMD L] SRMHGLQLK
SUHGPHWDSULMDYOMXMHSRODJDQMHLVSLWDSRODåHLVSLWLWG7RVXSULPHULORJLþNLKLUHDOQLK
YH]DL]PHÿXREMHNDWDNRMHVOHGHL]UHDOQLKRGQRVDXSRVPDWUDQRPVLVWHPXVWXGLUDQMD
QD MHGQRP IDNXOWHWX ,VWUDåLPR MHGDQ VNXS RGQRVD L]PHÿX VWXGHQDWD NRML VOXãDMX
29
Baze podataka
SUHGDYDQMD NRG RGUHÿHQRJ SURIHVRUD 3RVWDYOMD VH SLWDQMH ãWD VX X WDNYLP RGQRVLPD
REMHNWLNRMHVXQMLKRYHRVRELQHDWULEXWLLNDNRSULND]DWLQMLKRYHRGQRVH
,GHQWLILNRYDWL REMHNWH QMLKRYH RVRELQH L RGQRVH ]QDþL SUDNWLþQR L]JUDGLWL PRGHO

SRGDWDND 8 PRGHOX SRGDWDND QH SRVWRMH VDPR DWULEXWL REMHNWD QHJR L YH]H L]PHÿX
REMHNDWD3UYRVHVHOHNWXMXREMHNWLLPHQXMXVHD]DWLPVHDQDOL]LUDMXWLSRYLRGQRVDNRML
VH XVSRVWDYOMDMX L]PHÿX REMHNDWD 2GQRVL L]PHÿX REMHNDWD SRVPDWUDQMD SULND]XMX VH
QDMþHãüHSULPHQRPORJLNHVNXSRYDL SUHVOLNDYDQMDQMLKRYLKHOHPHQDWD
1DMMHGQRVWDYQLML RGQRV L]PHÿX WD GYD WLSD REMHNDWD QD]LYD VH SUHVOLNDYDQMH 1:1.
.RGWDNYRJ SUHVOLNDYDQMDVYDNL VH HOHPHQW VNXSD;PRåH SUHVOLNDWL QD QDMYLãHMHGDQ
HOHPHQWVNXSD< ,VWRYUHPHQRLVYDNLHOHPHQWVNXSD<PRåHELWLSUHVOLNDQQDQDMYLãH
MHGDQ HOHPHQW VNXSD;.DUDNWHULVWLþDQ SULPHU ELELR VDHQWLWHWLPD Fakultet i Dekan.
1D MHGQRP IDNXOWHWX PRåH ELWL VDPR MHGDQ GHNDQ DMHGDQ GHNDQ PRåH ELWL GHNDQ QD
VDPR MHGQRP IDNXOWHWX 7DNYL RGQRVL L]PHÿX HQWLWHWD VX UHWNL D PRJX VH SUHGVWDYLWL
VOHGHüRPVOLNRP
F1 D1
F2 D2
F3 D3
FN DN
Slika 4.2: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD
'UXJD YUVWD RGQRVD QD]LYD VH SUHVOLNDYDQMH 1 LOL 1. ViãH HOHPHQWD VNXSD ;
PRåHVHSUHVOLNDWLQDQDMYLãHMHGDQHOHPHQWVNXSD<,VWRYUHPHQRMHGDQHOHPHQWVNXSD
<PRåHVHSUHVOLNDWLQDYLãHHOHPHQDWDVNXSD;3RJRGDQSULPHU]DRYXYUVWXRGQRVD
L]PHÿX HQWLWHWD MH RGQRV L]PHÿX HQWLWHWD Student i Dekan 9LãH VWXGHQDWD QD MHGQRP
IDNXOWHWXLPDVDPRMHGQRJGHNDQDDMHGDQGHNDQMHGHNDQ]DYLãHVWXGHQDWDQDVYRP
IDNXOWHWX
30
Baze podataka
S1 D1
S2 D2
S3 D3
SN-1
SN DN
Slika 4.3: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD1
1DMVORåHQLMH SUHVOLNDYDQMH MH WLSD M:N 6YDNL HOHPHQW SUYRJ VNXSD PRåH VH
SUHVOLNDWLQDYLãHHOHPHQDWDGUXJRJVNXSDDOLVHLVYDNLHOHPHQWGUXJRJVNXSD PRåH
SUHVOLNDWLQDYLãHHOHPHQDWDSUYRJVNXSD.DUDNWHULVWLþDQSULPHURYDNYLKYH]DSRVWRML
DNR VH XRþH HQWLWHWL Student i Profesor -HGQRP VWXGHQWX SUHGDMH YLãH SURIHVRUD D
XMHGQRMHGDQSURIHVRUSUHGDMH]DYLãHVWXGHQDWD
S1 P1
S2 P2
S3 P3
SN PN
Slika 4.4: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHWLSD01
4.1.3 7URVORMQDDUKLWHNWXUD]DDSVWUDNFLMXSRGDWDND
2VQRYQL NRQFHSW ED]H SRGDWDND MH LGHMD R VNXSX þLQMHQLFD LOL GHORYD ]QDQMD
ýLQMHQLFH PRJX GD EXGX VWUXNWXLUDQH QD UD]OLþLWH QDþLQH NRML VH QD]LYDMX PRGHOL
SRGDWDND 0RGHO SRGDWDND QLMH VWDWLþQD VWUXNWXUD QHJR VH PHQMD NDNR EL RGUDåDYDo
SURPHQH NRMH VH GHãDYDMX L X UHDOQRP VLVWHPX 1D SULPHUX LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD
31
Baze podataka
MHGQRJIDNXOWHWDVWXGHQWLSRODåXSRMHGLQHLVSLWHQHNHSRQLãWDYDMXLGRELMDMXGUXJDþLMH
RFHQHXSLVXMXVHQRYLVWXGHQWLGUXJLGLSORPLUDMXQHNLDVLVWHQWLSRVWDMXSURIHVRULLtd.
=D MHGQRVWDYQH VOXþDMHYH NDR L PDOL EURM SURPHQD UHODFLMD L HQWLWHWD PRJXüH MH
DåXULUDQMH SRGDWDND YUãLWL UXþQR =D NRPSOHNVQLMH VLVWHPH VD QHNROLNR VWRWLQD LOL
KLOMDGDHQWLWHWDLOLUHODFLMDDåXULUDQMHSRGDWDNDSRVWDMHRJURPDQSUREOHP-HGLQRVHXz
SRPRü UDþXQDUD PRåH RGUåDYDWL DåXUQRVW SRGDWDND X YHOLNLP LQIRUPDFLRQLP
VLVWHPLPD 2EUDGD SRGDWDND SRVWDMH QH VDPR SLWDQMH SURGXNWLYQRVWL QHNH ILUPH LOL
RUJDQL]DFLMH QHJR L RSVWDQND UDVWD L UD]YRMD X RNUXåHQMX V LQWHQ]LYQRP
NRQNXUHQFLMRP 2EUDGD SRGDWDND MH GHR VYDNRJ SRVORYQRJ SURFHVD VWRJD MH
SR]QDYDQMH ED]D SRGDWDND ELWQR QH VDPR ]D SURMHNWDQWH LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD L
SURJUDPHUH QHJR L ]D NUDMQMH NRULVQLNH UH]XOWDWD WDNYLK REUDGD 2QL QLVX VDPR VNXS
SRYUHPHQLK NRULVQLND ED]D SRGDWDND NDR ãWR VH WR PRåH UHüL ]D SURJUDPHUH LOL
SURMHNWDQWHLQIRUPDFLRQLKVLVWHPD'DQDVYHOLNLEURM]DSRVOHQLKNRMLQLVXXSR]QDWLVD
NRQFHSWXDOQRP ãHPRP %3 NUHLUDMX XQRVH DåXULUDMX LOL MHGQRVWDYQR NRULVWH ED]H
SRGDWDNDQDUD]OLþLWLPQLYRLPDRUJDQL]RYDQRVWLSRVORYQLKVLVWHPD
8 VXãWLQL VLVWHPL ED]D SRGDWDND VX VNXSRYL PHÿXVREQR SRYH]DQLK GDWRWHND VD
SRGDFLPD L VNXSRYL SURJUDPD NRML RPRJXüDYDMX NRULVQLFLPD GD SULVWXSDMX L PHQMDMX
RYH SRGDWNH QD HILNDVDQ QDþLQ *ODYQL FLOM ED]D SRGDWDND MH GD VH NRULVQLFLPD SUXåL
DSVWUDNWDQ SRJOHG QDSRGDWNH 1D WDM QDþLQ VNULYDMXVH GHWDOML R WRPH NDNR VH SRGDFL
VNODGLãWH L RGUåDYDMX 3RWUHED ]D HILNDVQRãüX GRYHOD MH GR WRJD GD GL]DMQHUL VLVWHPD
PRUDMXGDNRULVWHNRPSOHNVQHVWUXNWXUH]DSUHGVWDYOMDQMHSRGDWDNDXED]DPDSRGDWDND
%XGXüL GD PQRJL NRULVQLFL ED]D SRGDWDND QLVX REXþHQL ]D UDG VD UDþXQDURP
SURJUDPHUL VNULYDMX VORåHQRVW SRGDWDND NUR] QHNROLNR QLYRD DSVWUDNFLMH &LOMMHGD VH
SRMHGQRVWDYLLQWHUDNFLMDNRULVQLNDVDED]RPSRGDWDND
0RGHO ED]H SRGDWDND GDQDV MH SR]QDW NDR $16,;63$5& PRGHO Slika 4.5 1D
ED]LWRJPRGHODUD]YLMHQLVXVLVWHPL]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDNDNRMLLPDMXWURVORMQX
DUKLWHNWXUX LOL YDULMDQWX WH DUKLWHNWXUH $SOLNDWLYQL SURJUDPL NRPXQLFLUDMX V ED]RP
podataka prekR RGJRYDUDMXüHJ HNVWHUQRJ PRGHOD =DKWHY ]D XþLWDYDQMH RGUHÿHQLK
SRGDWDNDDSOLNDWLYQLVORMXSXüXMHQDHNVWHUQLVORMRGQRVQRRGJRYDUDMXüLNRULVQLþNLPRGHO
'%06SUHVOLNDYDHNVWHUQLPRGHOQDNRQFHSWXDOQLLNRQFHSWXDOQLQDLQWHUQLPRGHO
.RQFHSWXDOQL ORJLþNL QLYR MH QDMEOLåL VWYDUQRVWL 7DM VH QLYR GHILQLãH X SURFHVX
NUHLUDQMDPRGHODSRGDWDND-HGDQRGFLOMHYDPRGHODSRGDWDNDMHREOLNRYDQMHSRGDWDND
]DVDGDãQMHLEXGXüHDSOLNDFLMH0RåHVHUHüLGDNRQFHSWXDOQLQLYRþLQHVYHUHODFLRQH
ãHPHPRGHODSRGDWDNDVYHUHODFLMHLRJUDQLþHQMD1DMMHGQRVWDYQLMHUHþHQRORJLþNLVORM
RSLVXMH ãWD MH VPHãWHQR X ED]L L NRML RGQRVL SRVWRMH L]PHÿX WLK SRGDWDND 2ELþQR VH
ORJLþNL VORM VDVWRML RG RGUHÿHQRJ EURMD MHGQRVWDYQLK PHÿXVREQR SRYH]DQLK VWUXNWXUD
2YHMHGQRVWDYQHVWUXNWXUHþHVWR]DKWHYDMXNRPSOHNVQHVWUXNWXUHQDIL]LþNRPVORMX&LOM
ED]D SRGDWDNDMH GD NRULVQLN ORJLþNRJ QLYRD QH WUHED GD EXGH XSR]QDW VD VORåHQRãüX
IL]LþNRJ VORMD 1D SULPHU DGPLQLVWUDWRUL ED]D SRGDWDND VX QDMþHãüH XSR]QDWL VD
GHWDOMLPDORJLþNRJVORMD
32
Baze podataka
SpoOMDãQML QLYRL PRGHOL $ % L & IRUPLUDMX VH QD WHPHOMX NRQFHSWXDOQRJ QLYRD L
SUHGVWDYOMDMXVDPRSRJOHG9,(:SUHPDSRWUHEDPDSRMHGLQLKNRULVQLND8RELþDMHQR
MHGDVXWRVDPRGHORYLXNXSQHED]HSRGDWDND6LVWHPVDED]DPDSRGDWDNDRELþQRLPD
YLãHSRJOHGDQDMHGLQVWYHQXED]XSRGDWDND
Aplikativni Korisnik za Aplikativni

program terminalom program
Eksterni
Pogled 1 Pogled 2 Pogled 3
(lokalni) nivo
Šema Konceptualni
(ůŽŐŝēŬŝ) nivo
Integrisani Interni
(ǌĂũĞĚŶŝēŬŝ) (ĨŝǌŝēŬŝ) nivo
podaci
Slika 4.5: 7URVORMQDDUKLWHNWXUDDSVWUDNFLMHSRGDWDND
,QWHUQL IL]LþNL VORM ED]H RGQRVL VH QD ]DSLVLYDQMH NRQFHSWXDOQRJ VORMD QD QHNRP
PHGLMXPX]DþXYDQMHQDMþHãüHGLVNX5DGLVHRVORJRYLPD]DSLVDQLPXGDWRWHNDPD
1LåLVORMXVORYQRUHþHQRLOLQLYREOLåLGLVNXRGLQWHUQRJVORMD%3MHRSHUDWLYQLVLVWHP
NRMLQDRVQRYXORJLþNLKDGUHVDVORJRYDþLWDVDGUåDMGLVND
4.2 02'(/,%$=$32'$7$.$
=DPRGHORYDQMH VWUXNWXUHSRGDWDNDNRULVWHVHUD]OLþLWHWHKQLNH2GUHÿHQLPRGHOLVH
ODNãHNRULVWH]DQHNHWLSRYHVLVWHPDXSUDYOMDQMDED]DPDSRGDWDNDQHJRGUXJLPRGHOL
0RGHOþLQLRVQRYX]DRVPLãOMDYDQMHGHILQLVDQMHLLPSOHPHQWDFLMXED]HSRGDWDND
,VWRULMVNL JOHGDQR VLVWHPL ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND PRJX VH SRGHOLWL X
VOHGHüHRVQRYQHPRGHOH
x +LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHO – þLQHJDSRGDFLVORåHQLXKLMHUDUKLMVNXVWUXNWXUX
x 0UHåQLPRGHO – PRåH VH SUHGVWDYLWL XVPHUHQLP JUDIRP X NRMHP VX þYRULãWD
SRGDFLDOXNRYLPHÿXþYRULãWLPDGHILQLãXYH]HPHÿXSRGDFLPD
33
Baze podataka
x 5HODFLRQLPRGHO – ]DVQRYDQQDPDWHPDWLþNRPSRMPXUHODFLMH3RGDFLLYH]H
PHÿXSRGDFLPDVHSULND]XMXSUHNRGYRGLPHQ]LRQDOQLKWDEHOD
x 2Ejektni model – ED]LUD VH QD NRQFHSWX REMHNDWD NRML SUHGVWDYOMDMX VNXS
SRGDWDNDLRSHUDFLMDNRMHVHQDQMLPDPRJXL]YUãDYDWL
4.2.1 +LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHO
+LMHUDUKLMVNL PRGHO MH QDMVWDULML RG VYLK PRGHOD ED]D SRGDWDND L ]D UD]OLNX RG
PUHåQRJ UHODFLRQRJ LOL REMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQRJ QHPD GREUR GRNXPHQWRYDQX LVWRULMX
VYRMH NRQFHSFLMH L SRþHWQH YHU]LMH RYDNYRJ PRGHOD 2YDM PRGHO VH UD]YLR L]
LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH X -WLP L -WLP JRGLQDPD SURãORJ YHND
8VYRMHQ MH X PQRJLP EDQNDPD L RVLJXUDYDMXüLP GUXãWYLPD NRML JD NDR QDVOHÿH L
GDQDVNRULVWH
8 KLMHUDUKLMVNRP PRGHOX SRGDFL VX VPHãWHQL X VHULMX VORJRYD ]DSLVD 'D EL VH
XVSRVWDYLOD YH]D L]PHÿX VORJRYD KLMHUDUKLMVNL PRGHO XVSRVWDYOMD UHODFLMX roditelj –
QDVOHGQLN2YRMHWDNR]YDQR1PDSLUDQMHL]PHÿXVORJRYDNRMHVHUDGLNRULãüHQMHP
VWDEOD8RYRPPRGHOXUHODFLMHVXWDNYHGDMHGDQQDVOHGQLNPRåHLPDWLVDPRMHGQRJ
URGLWHOMD DOL URGLWHOM PRåH LPDWL YLãH QDVOHGQLND 5RGLWHOML L QDVOHGQLFL VX SRYH]DQL
YH]DPDNRMHVHQD]LYDMXSRND]LYDþLXIL]LþNRMUHDOL]DFLMLWRMHDGUHVDXPHPRULMLJGH
VH VORJ QDOD]L 5RGLWHOM LPD OLVWX SRND]LYDþD ]D VYDNRJ RG VYRMLK QDVOHGQLND
+LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHOMHGREURXUHÿHQDVWUXNWXUDNRMDSRGVHüDQDKLMHUDUKLMVNXVWUXNWXUX
XQSUGUåDYLYRMVFLLOLQHNRMYHOLNRMRUJDQL]DFLML
Koren
Nivo 1 Nivo 1 Nivo 1

Naslednik Naslednik Naslednik
Nivo 2 Nivo 2 Nivo 2 Nivo 2

Naslednik Naslednik Naslednik Naslednik
Slika 4.6: âHPDWVNLSULND]MHGQRJKLMHUDUKLMVNRJPRGHOD
Pravilo roditelj – QDVOHGQLNRPRJXüDYDSULVWXSSRGDFLPD'DELVHGRãORGRWDEHOH

QD QLåHP QLYRX NUHüH VH RG NRUHQD L LGH SUHPD GROH NUR] VWDEOR GRN VH QH GRÿH GR
FLOMD1DUDYQRRþLJOHGDQSUREOHPVDRYLPPRGHORPMHGDNRULVQLNPRUDGD]QDNDNRMH
VWDEORRUJDQL]RYDQRGDELSURQDãDRELORãWD
34
Baze podataka
+LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHOLPDR]ELOMQLKQHGRVWDWDND1DSULPHUQHPRåHVHGRGDWLVORJX
tabHOX QDVOHGQLND GRN VH QH XNOMXþL X URGLWHOMVNX WDEHOX +LMHUDUKLMVNL PRGHO MH
VSRVREDQ GD UDGL MHGLQR VD MHGQRVWUXNLP VWDEOLPD DOL QH PRåH GD VH QRVL VD
SRYH]LYDQMHPRJUDQDNDLOLVWYDUDQMHPYLãHVWUXNLKYH]D=ERJWRJDVHVWYDUDUHGXGDQVD
YLãHVWUXNR SRMDYOMLYDQMH SRGDWDND L PRJXüQRVW QHWDþQRJ DåXULUDQMD 1D SULPHUX
KLMHUDUKLMVNH RUJDQL]DFLMH QHNRJ IDNXOWHWD NRML LPD NDWHGUH SURIHVRUH VWXGHQWH LWG
PRJXVHODNRXRþLWLQDYHGHQHVODERVWL/DNRMHSUHGVWDYLWLGDQDMHGQRMNDWHGULLPDYLãH
SURIHVRUDDOLVHQHPRåHSUHGVWDYLWLGDMHGDQSURIHVRUUDGLQDYLãHNDWHGUL'DELVHRYR
XUDGLOR PRUD SRVWRMDWL GYD SRMDYOMLYDQMD LVWRJ SURIHVRUD 7R PRåH GRYHVWL GR
QHWDþQRVWLNRGDåXULUDQMDSRGDWDNDQSUPRJXüHMHGDLQIRUPDFLMHEXGXUD]OLþLWHXGYD
]DSLVDãWRYRGLGRNRQIX]LMH
+LMHUDUKLMVNLPRGHOVHYLãHQHNRULVWLNDRRVQRYD]DWUHQXWQHNRPHUFLMDOQHVLVWHPH
DOLMRãXYHNSRVWRMLPQRJRQDVOHÿHQLKVLVWHPDED]LUDQLKQDRYRP PRGHOX=ERJVYLK
QHGRVWDWDNDNRMLSRVWRMHXKLMHUDUKLMVNRPPRGHOXUD]YLMHQMHPUHåQLPRGHO
4.2.2 0UHåQLPRGHO
0UHåQL PRGHO MH SUYL SXW SUHGVWDYOMHQ JRGLQH 0RåH VH VPDWUDWL
VDYUHPHQLNRP UHODFLRQRJPRGHOD JOHGDMXüLVWDURVWL SUYD LVWUDåLYDQMD XþLQMHQD X -
WLP JRGLQDPD SURãORJ YHND 2PRJXüDYD GD VH YLãHVWUXNL VNXSRYL SRGDWDND NRULVWH
]DMHGQR SXWHP SRND]LYDþD LOL SRLQWHUD 1HNH NRORQH VDGUåH SRND]LYDþH QD GUXJH
WDEHOHXPHVWRVDPLKSRGDWDND1DWDMQDþLQWDEHOHVXSRYH]DQHSRND]LYDþLPDLPRJX
VHSRVPDWUDWLNDRPUHåQDVWUXNWXUD'RNXKLMHUDUKLMVNRPPRGHOXVYDNLVORJLPDMHGDQ
ÄURGLWHOMVNL³ VORJ L QHRJUDQLþHQR ÄQDVOHGQLND³ PUHåQL PRGHO RPRJXüDYD VYDNRP
]DSLVXGDLPDYLãHVWUXNHURGLWHOMHLQDVOHGQLNHNUHLUDMXüLPUHåDVWXVWUXNWXUX
Koren
Nivo 1 Nivo 1
Naslednik Naslednik
Nivo 3
Naslednik
Nivo 4 Nivo 4
Naslednik Naslednik
Slika 4.7: âHPDPUHåQRJPRGHOD
35
Baze podataka
0UHåQLPRGHOVHGDQDVXJODYQRPQHXSRWUHEOMDYD]DGL]DMQLUDQMHED]DSRGDWDNDDOL
LSDN LPD VOXþDMHYD JGHVHNDR GHR QDVOHÿD NRULVWL XQHNLP NRPSDQLMDPD 3UHGVWDYOMD
XQDSUHÿHQMHKLMHUDUKLMVNRJPRGHODDOLMHNRPSOHNVDQLWHåDN]DXSRWUHEX3RUHGWRJD
WHãNR JD MH SRGUåDWL PDWHPDWLþNLP DSDUDWRP ãWR RQHPRJXüDYD NDVQLMH HILNDVQR
SURJUDPLUDQMH
4.2.3 5HODFLRQLPRGHO
.DRLPQRJHGUXJHWHKQRORJLMHXUDþXQDUVNRMLQGXVWULMLNRUHQLUHODFLRQLK%3SRWLþX
iz IBM-D L QMLKRYRJ LVWUDåLYDQMD DXWRPDWL]RYDQMD NDQFHODULMVNLK RSHUDFLMD X 60-WLP L
70-WLPJRGLQDPD;;YHND8VUFXUHODFLRQRJPRGHODQDOD]LVHNRQFHSWWDEHOHNRMDVH
QD]LYD UHODFLMD X NRMRMVXVPHãWHQLVYL SRGDFL 6YDND WDEHODMH QDþLQMHQD RGVORJRYD
UHGRYD X WDEHOL D VYDNL VORJ LPD VYRMD SROMD DWULEXWH 2VQRYQH NDUDNWHULstike
UHODFLRQRJPRGHODSRGDWDNDVXVOHGHüH
x 6YHVHSUHGVWDYOMDUHODFLMDPDWDEHODPD
x =DVQLYDVHQDVWURJRMPDWHPDWLþNRMWHRULML
x 0LQLPDOQDUHGXQGDQVDSRGDWDND
x -HGQRVWDYQRDåXULUDQMHSRGDWDND
x ,]EHJQXWHVXDQRPDOLMHDåXULUDQMD
x 5HGRVOHGNRORQDLUHGRYDQHXWLþHQDLQIRUPDFLRQLVDGUåDMWDEHOH
x 1HPRJXGDHJ]LVWLUDMXGYDLGHQWLþQDUHGD]DSLVDXMHGQRMWDEHOL
x 6YDNLUHGVHPRåHMHGQR]QDþQRRGUHGLWLSRVWRMLSULPDUQLNOMXþ
x ...
8UHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSRGDWDNDNODVHREMHNDWDVHSUHGVWDYOMDMXWDEHODPD1DSULPHr
klasa Student VHPRåHRSLVDWLDWULEXWLPDIme, Prezime, Broj indeksa, Mesto i Telefon.
Klasa Predmet VD DWULEXWLPD Naziv predmeta, Oblast i Šifra predmeta. Neki od
VWXGHQDWDVXSRODJDOLQHNHSUHGPHWHLGRELOLRFHQHQDLVSLWXãWRMHSULND]DQRXYH]QRM
tabeli Ispit NRMD VH PRåH RSLVDWL DWULEXWLPD Broj indeksa, Ocena, Šifra predmeta i
Datum 7UHQXWQR VWDQMH VWXGHQDWD SUHGPHWD L RFHQD VD LVSLWD MH XQHVHQR X tabele i
SULND]DQRQDVOLFL.
36
Baze podataka
STUDENT
Ime Prezime BrInd Mesto Telefon
Marko 0DUNRYLü 123456/2016 Beograd 063-123123
Petar 3HWURYLü 222333/2016 Valjevo 065-232323
Janko -DQNRYLü 111222/2015 Niš 062-121212
ISPIT
BrInd Ocena Šif_Predmeta Datum
123456/2016 7 I7 21.01.2017.
123456/2016 8 UP15 27.01.2018.
222333/2016 10 I7 04.02.2017.
PREDMET
Naziv Oblast Šif_Predmeta
Baze podataka Informatika I7
Upravljanje projektima 0HQDGåPHQW UP15
5DþXQRYRGVWYR Ekonomija E2
Slika 4.8: 5HODFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDND
6XãWLQD UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD MH GD VH L NODVH REMHNDWD L NODVH YH]D L]PHÿX REMHNDWD
SUHGVWDYOMDMXQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQWMSUHNRWDEHOD8QDãHPSULPHUXSRstoje tri tabele:
678'(1735('0(7L,63,78UHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSRGDWDNDWDEHODVHGHILQLãHNDR
UHODFLMDNRMDPRUDGDLVSXQLRGJRYDUDMXüHXVORYH6YDNDUHODFLMDPRUDGDLPDSULPDUQL
NOMXþ – MHGDQ LOL YLãH DWULEXWD NRML QD MHGLQVWYHQ QDþLQ RSLVXMX VYDNL ]DSLV X MHGQRM
WDEHOL3ULPDUQLNOMXþVHSDåOMLYRELUD1DSULPHUXNODVLVWXGHQDWDORãL]ERUSULPDUQRJ
NOMXþD EL ELR DWULEXW Ime ]DWR ãWR VH PRJX SRMDYLWL GYD VWXGHQWD VD LVWLP LPHQRP
'REDUL]ERUSULPDUQRJNOMXþDMHDWULEXWBroj indeksa]DWRãWRQHSRVWRMHGYDVWXGHQWD
VD LVWLP EURMHP LQGHNVD =D NODVH REMHNDWD Student i Predmet YUãL VH SUHYRÿHQMH X
UHODFLRQLPRGHOQDVOHGHüLQDþLQSRGYODþHQMHPVXR]QDþHQLDWULEXWLNRMLþLQHSULPDUQL
NOMXþ
STUDENT (Ime, Prezime, BrInd, Mesto, Telefon),
PREDMET (Naziv, Oblast, Šif_Predmeta)
37
Baze podataka
=DNODVXYH]D,63,7PRåHVHGHILQLVDWLSULURGDQSULPDUQLNOMXþXRGQRVXQDREMHNWH
NRMHSRYH]XMH8QDãHPSULPHUXUHODFLMD,63,7ELJODVLOD
ISPIT(BrInd, Ocena, Šif_Predmeta, Datum)

'DNOH]DSRVPDWUDQLUHDODQVOXþDMJGHVXVWXGHQWLSRODJDOLQHNHSUHGPHWHLGRELOL
RFHQH L]YUãHQR MH PRGHORYDQMH SUHNR WUL WDEHOH WM UHODFLMH 6YH WDEHOH VX SRYH]DQH
3RYH]LYDQMHVHYUãLSUHNRYUHGQRVWLDWULEXWDXUHODFLMDPDQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ
STUDENT (Ime, Prezime, BrInd, Mesto, Telefon) PREDMET ((Naziv,, Oblast,, Šif_Predmeta)
_
(BrInd,
ISPIT (B I Ocena, Šif_Predmeta,
d t D Datum)
t )
^ƉŽůũŶŝŬůũƵēƌĞůĂĐŝũĞ ^ƉŽůũŶŝŬůũƵēƌĞůĂĐŝũĞ
ISPIT koji pokazuje ISPIT koji pokazuje
ŶĂƉƌŝŵĂƌŶŝŬůũƵē ŶĂƉƌŝŵĂƌŶŝŬůũƵē
relacije STUDENT relacije PREDMET
Slika 4.9: 5HODFLMHVHSRYH]XMXYUHGQRVWLPDVSROMQLK LSULPDUQLKNOMXþHYD
6YDND UHODFLMD WDEHOD VH LGHQWLILNXMH MHGLQVWYHQLP LPHQRP 5HGRVOHG DWULEXWD X

RNYLUXMHGQHUHODFLMHQLMHRG]QDþDMD1D]LYLDWULEXWDXRNYLUXMHGQHUHODFLMHPRUDMXGD
EXGX XQLNDWQL 1HPD SRWUHEH GD VH YRGL UDþXQD R WRPH NDNR VX SRGDFL VPHãWHQL QD
GLVNX2YRMHUD]OLþLWRRGKLMHUDUKLMVNRJLPUHåQRJPRGHODXNRMLPDNRULVQLNPRUDGD
UD]XPH NDNR VX SRGDFL VWUXNWXLUDQL XQXWDU %3 GD EL PRJDR GD LK SUHWUDåXMH XQRVL
QRYHDåXULUDLOLEULãHSRVWRMHüHVORJRYH
6QDJDUHODFLRQRJPRGHODSRGDWDNDGROD]LGRL]UDåDMDNRGRGUåDYDQMDWMDåXULUDQMD
SRGDWDNDXUHODFLMDPD5HODFLMH678'(17L35('0(7VXQH]DYLVQHUHODFLMHL]DSLVL
X WDNYH UHODFLMH PRJX GD VH XQRVH QH]DYLVQR '%06 VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD
SRGDWDND YRGL UDþXQD GD X MHGQX UHODFLMX QLMH PRJXüH XQHWL GYD LGHQWLþQD ]DSLVD
UHGD2YDRVRELQDVHQD]LYDLGHQWLILNDFLRQLLQWHJULWHW5HODFLMD,63,7MH]DYLVQDãWR
]QDþL GD VH X QMX PRJX XQHWL ]DSLVL VDPR XNROLNR YUHGQRVW DWULEXWD %U,QG RGJRYDUD
QHNRM YUHGQRVWL DWULEXWD %U,QG X UHODFLML 678'(17 3RUHG WRJD YUHGQRVW DWULEXWD
âLIB3UHGPHWD PRUD GD RGJRYDUD EDU MHGQRM YUHGQRVWL X UHODFLML 35('0(7 2YD
RVRELQD VH QD]LYD UHIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW L R QMHPX WDNRÿH EULQH '%06 1D NUDMX
QDNRQXQRVDSRGDWDNDXQH]DYLVQLPUHODFLMDPD678'(17L35('0(7QLMHPRJXüH
EULVDQMH]DSLVDXNROLNRMHGQDRGYUHGQRVWLDWULEXWD%U,QGLâLIB3UHGPHWDRGJRYDUDEDU
MHGQRM RG YUHGQRVWL WLKDWULEXWDX UHODFLML ,63,7 ]DWR ãWR ELVH EULVDQMHP QDUXãLR W]Y
UHIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW 1DYHGHQD SUDYLOD VH PRJX XEODåLWL XNROLNR VH NRG RSHUDFLMD
DåXULUDQMDQDYHGXGUXJDþLMHVSHFLILNDFLMHUHIeUHQFLMDOQRJLQWHJULWHWD
38
Baze podataka
4.2.4 2EMHNWQLPRGHO
2EMHNWQRRUMHQWLVDQLPRGHOMHMHGDQRGQRYLMLKPRGHODED]DSRGDWDND,VWUDåLYDþLVX
]D QMHJD SRVWDOL ]DLQWHUHVRYDQL NUDMHP -WLK LSRþHWNRP -WLK JRGLQDSURãORJ YHND
NDGD VH NRQFHSW REMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQLK VLVWHPD SRþHR SRMDYOMLYDWL %D]LUD VH QD
NRQFHSWXREMHNDWDNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXVNXSSRGDWDNDLRSHUDFLMDNRMHVHQDQMLPDPRJX
izvršavati.
,VWUDåLYDQMHVHUDGLORLGDELVHSUHYD]LãODPQRJDRJUDQLþHQMDXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOX
QDRGUHÿHQLPWLSRYLPDSRGDWDND7LSRYLSRGDWDNDNRMLVHPRJXNRULVWLWLXUHODFLRQLP
ED]DPD VX YHRPD RJUDQLþHQL 6YDNL DWULEXW SROMH PRåH GD SRSULPL VDPR MHGQX
YUHGQRVW 8 REMHNWQR RULMHQWLVDQRP PRGHOX SRGDWDND HQWLWHW VH SUHGVWDYOMD NODVRP
.ODVDREXKYDWDLDWULEXWHLSRQDãDQMHHQWLWHWDPRJXüHRSHUDFLMHQDGSRGDFLPD1SU
Klasa: student
x $WULEXWL%U,QG,PH3UH]LPH)DNXOWHW
x 3URFHGXUDSRODJDQMH,VSLWD
2EMHNWL VX VDPR MHGQR SRMDYOMLYDQMH X RGJRYDUDMXüRM NODVL 2EMHNWQR RULMHQWLVDQ
PRGHONDUDNWHULãHERJDWVWYRWLSRYDSRGDWDND– WLSPRåHELWLLGUXJLREMHNDW'LUHNWQD
YH]DL]PHÿXREMHNDWDXDSOLNDFLMLLREMHNDWDX%3UH]XOWXMHEROMLPSHUIRUPDQVDPDED]H
podataka.
3RVPDWUDMPR SULPHU X NRPH VH YRGL HYLGHQFLMD R 6WXGHQWLPD VD VYRMVWYLPD %URM
LQGHNVD,PH3UH]LPH)DNXOWHWL7LSDXWRPRELODNRMLVWXGHQWSRVHGXMH'DOMHYRGLVH
HYLGHQFLMD R $XWRPRELOLPD VD VYRMVWYLPD 1D]LY DXWRPRELOD 5HJLVWDUVNL EURM %RMD
*RGLãWHL9ODVQLN3UHWKRGQLSULPHUVHPRåHSULND]DWLQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ
2EMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQL '%06-RYL RPRJXüDYDMX þXYDQMH REMHNDWD GLUHNWQR EH]

PDSLUDQMD ]D UD]OLþLWH VWUXNWXUH SRGDWDND 5HODFLRQL '%06 ]DKWHYD PDSLUDQMH L]
REMHNDWDXWDEHOH8REMHNWQRRULMHQWLVDQRPPRGHOXLQIRUPDFLMDMHVDþXYDQDNDRVWDOQL
REMHNWDQHNDRUHGXWDEHOL2YRVLVWHPþLQLHILNDVQLMLPXVPLVOXSURVWRUDSRWUHEQRJ
]DVPHãWDQMHLþXYDQMHSRGDWDNDLRVLJXUDYDGDNRULVQLNPDQLSXOLãHSRGDFLPDVDPRQD
RQDMQDþLQNRMLMHSURJUDPHURGUHGLo.
39
Baze podataka
STUDENT
BrInd Ime Prezime Fakultet Automobil
2010123 Marko DĂƌŬŽǀŝđ FIR Golf
2010567 Petar WĞƚƌŽǀŝđ PFB Reno
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
AUTOMOBIL
Naziv RegBr Boja GodinaPr Vlasnik
Golf BG123AB Bela 2011 Marko
Reno BG222XY Plava 2010 Petar
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Slika 4.10: 8REMHNWQRRULMHQWLVDQLP%3WLSSRGDWNDPRåHELWLGUXJLREMHNDW
6GUXJHVWUDQHRE]LURPGDVHNRQWURODYUãLQDYHRPDQLVNRPQLYRXPQRJRMHWHåH
]D WUHüX VWUDQX GD QDSUDYL QHNL GRGDWDN 'RN NRG UHODFLRQLK ED]D SRGDWDND PRåHPR
LPDWL NRULVW RG VRIWYHUD L]UDÿHQRJ RG VWUDQH WUHüHJ GREDYOMDþD NRULVQLFL REMHNWQR
RUMHQWLVDQLK VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND LOL PRUDMX GD QDUXþH GRGDWQL
VRIWYHURGRULJLQDOQRJSURJUDPHUDLOLGDJDUD]YLMXXVDUDGQMLVDGUXJLPILUPDPDNRMH
NRULVWHLVWLVLVWHP
4.3 02'(/2%-(.7,9(=(
3RþHWL NUHLUDQMH ED]H SRGDWDND QHNRJ LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD X VXãWLQL ]QDþL GRüL
GR NRPSOHWD &5($7( QDUHGEL NRMLPD VH GHILQLãH ãHPD ED]H SRGDWDND - WDEHOH
UHOHYDQWQLDWULEXWLGRPHQLRJUDQLþHQMDLWG8RVQRYLSURMHNWRYDQMDED]HSRGDWDNDMH
XWYUÿLYDQMHSUHFL]QRJPRGHODRUJDQL]DFLMH]DNRMXVHUDGLLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHP.DRLX
RVWDOLP LQåHQMHUVNLP GLVFLSOLQDPD VORåHQRVW RYDNYRJ SRVOD ]DKWHYD GD SURFHV
NUHLUDQMDEXGHL]YHGHQGREURGHILQLVDQRPPHWRGRORJLMRPLGDEXGHWHVWLUDQXVNODGXVD
REMHNWLYQLP NULWHULMXPLPD -HGDQ RG QDMYHüLK SUREOHPD X SURFHVX UD]YRMD %3 MH
þLQMHQLFD GD SURMHNWDQWL SURJUDPHUL L NUDMQML NRULVQLFL QD SRWSXQR UD]OLþLWH QDþLQH
VKYDWDMX SRGDWNH L QDþLQH QMLKRYH XSRWUHEH NDR L SURFHVH L] SRVPDWUDQRJ RNUXåHQMD
NRMHWUHED PRGHOLUDWL 'DEL VH REH]EHGLR SUHFL]DQ RSLV SULURGH SRGDWDND L QDþLQD QD
NRML VH RQL NRULVWH SRWUHEQR MH SURL]YHVWL MDVDQ PRGHO NRML QLMH VWULNWQR WHKQLþNH
SULURGH1DMþHãüHNRULãüHQLPRGHOXSUDNVLMHPRGHOREMHNWL-veze.
8RYRPSRJODYOMXGDWDMHPHWRGRORJLMDNUHLUDQMDUHODFLRQLKED]DSRGDWDNDQDED]L
VWDQGDUGQRJ0RGHOD2EMHNWL-9H]H&KHQ.UHLUDQMHED]DSRGDWDNDMHSUDNWLþQR
40
Baze podataka
SURFHV X GYD NRUDND 3RþHWQD ID]D MH ED]LUDQD QD 029 PRGHOX D GUXJD ID]D je
LPSOHPHQWDFLMD5H]XOWDW029ID]HVHUHGHILQLãHSULPHQRPWHRULMHQRUPDOL]DFLMHSRVOH
NRMH VH JDUDQWXMH NYDOLWHW ãHPD UHODFLMD X VNODGX VD RGJRYDUDMXüLP NULWHULMXPLPD
7LSLþDQGL]DMQED]HSRGDWDNDREXKYDWDGHILQLVDQMHVNXSRYDUHODFLMDQDVWRWLQHDWULEXWD
LPQRJRRJUDQLþHQMDNRMDSURLVWLþXL]RJUDQLþHQMDXUHDOQRPVYHWX'L]DMQLUDQMHED]H
SRGDWDND]DKWHYDGREDUQLYRNUHDWLYQRVWLLVNXVWYDWHKQLþNHHNVSHUWL]HLUD]XPHYDQMH
RVQRYQLK SUDYLOD *ODYQD NRPSRQHQWD 029 SULVWXSD MH NRQFHSW HQWLWHWD REMHNDWD L
YH]D - RSãWL SRMDP ]D QHãWR ãWR SRVWRML L PRåH VH MHGQR]QDþQR SUHSR]QDWL (QWLWHWL
REXKYDWDMX REMHNWH NRML VH QDOD]H X MHGQRM RUJDQL]DFLML QSU VWXGHQWL SURIHVRUL L
SUHGDYDQMD QD XQLYHU]LWHWX 'DOMH HQWLWHWL REXKYDWDMX L YH]H PHÿX REMHNWLPD MHGQH
RUJDQL]DFLMH QD SULPHU SURIHVRUBSUHGDMHBSUHGPHW 2JUDQLþHQMD LQWHJULWHWD HQWLWHWD L
YH]D þLQH YDåDQ GHR 029 RSLVD RGQRVQR VSHFLILNDFLMH 1D SULPHU SURIHVRU PRåH GD
SUHGDMHMHGQRSUHGDYDQMHXRGUHÿHQRPYUHPHQXXMHGQRMVDOLQDIDNXOWHWX
029PRGHORYDQMHREXKYDWa:
x 6NXSHQWLWHWDREMHNWLLYH]H
x 8RþDYDQMHRJUDQLþHQMD
x 'HILQLVDQMHNOMXþHYD
x *UDILþNDSUHGVWDYD(5GLMDJUDP
x 'HILQLVDQMHDWULEXWD
x 'L]DMQJOREDOQHãHPH
x 6YRÿHQMHJOREDOQHãHPHQDWDEHOHUHODFLMH
4.3.1 'LMDJUDPLREMHNWL-YH]H'29
'LMDJUDP REMHNWL-YH]H '29 1MH JUDILþND SUH]HQWDFLMD SRYH]DQLK HQWLWHWD L

RJUDQLþHQMD NRMD þLQH GDWL GL]DMQ RGQRVQR SURMHNDW .DR L NRG RVWDOLK YL]XHOQR
RULMHQWLVDQLK GL]DMQ PHWRGRORJLMD RQ SUXåD JUDILþNL VDåHWDN VWUXNWXUH ED]H SRGDWDND
NRML MH YHRPD NRULVWDQ GL]DMQHUX - QH VDPR X SURFHQMLYDQMX WDþQRVWL RGQRVQR
SUDYLOQRVWLGL]DMQDQHJRL]DVDYHWRYDQMHVDNROHJDPDL]DREMDãQMDYDQMHSURJUDPHULPD
NRMLüHMHNRULVWLWL1DåDORVWQHSRVWRMLVWDQGDUGDQSODQ]D029GLMDJUDPH.DGDMH
MHGQRP RGUHÿHQD RUJDQL]DFLMD SUHGVWDYOMHQD VHWRP '29 GLMDJUDPD SRVWRMH NODVLþQL
QDþLQLNRMLGLMDJUDPHSUHWYDUDMXXVNXSRYH&5($7(7$%/(QDUHGEL9DåQDSUHGQRVW
RYH PHWRGRORJLMH MH GD GL]DMQHU PRåH GD VH XVUHGVUHGL QD FHORNXSQR L WDþQR
PRGHORYDQMH RUJDQL]DFLMH D GD HILNDVQRVW L]YUãDYDQMD ]DGDWLK XSLWD L DåXULUDQMD X
RGQRVXQDNUDMQMXED]XSRGDWDNDVWDYLXGUXJLSODQ.DVQLMHNDGDVH029GLMDJUDPL
SUHWYRUH X &5($7( QDUHGEH GL]DMQHU PRåH GRGDWL HILNDVQRVW NRULVWHüL WHRULMX
QRUPDOL]DFLMHSROD]QLKãHPDUHODFLMD
1
8RULJLQDOX(5'– entity relationships diagrams
41
Baze podataka
8'73GLMDJUDPLPDWRNRYDSRGDWDNDNRMLVXDQDOL]LUDQLXSUHWKRGQRPSRJODYOMX

QLVX SULND]DQH QLNDNYH YH]H L]PHÿX WRNRYD SRGDWND RGQRVQR L]PHÿX VNODGLãWD
SRGDWDND 8 VWYDUQRVWL WH YH]H SRVWRMH D RþLJOHGDQ GRND] QMLKRYRJ SRVWRMDQMD VX
UHþQLFL SRGDWDND 1D SULPHU VWUXNWXLUDQL WLS NARUDZBENICA VDGUåL SRGDWNH
GREDYOMDþD SRGDWNH DUWLNDOD NRML VH QDUXþXMX L SRGDWNH QDUXþLRFD 6YD WUL QDYHGHQD
HQWLWHWDSUHGVWDYOMDMXVWUXNWXUH]DVHEH'LMDJUDPLREMHNWLYH]H'29RWNODQMDMXRYDM
QHGRVWDWDN2QLVHVDVWRMHRGWULRVQRYQHNRPSRQHQWH
x 2EMHNWLHQWLWHWL
x $WULEXWL
x 9H]HUHODFLMH
4.3.2 2EMHNWL
2EMHNWL JUXSLãX VURGQH SRGDWNH 0RJX SUHGVWDYOMDWL HQWLWHWH L] UHDOQRJ VYHWD
LQWHUIHMVHL]'73VWUXNWXUHL]UHþQLNDSRGDWDNDDOLPRJXELWLLþLVWLIDEULNDWLNRMLVDPR
treba da iVWDNQXSRYH]DQRVWUD]OLþLWLKSRGDWDNDSULSURFHVLUDQMXXVLVWHPX(QWLWHWREMHNDW
HJ]LVWLUD QH]DYLVQR L PRåH SUHGVWDYOMDWL IL]LþNL UHDOQL REMHNDW QSU 6UHGVWYR LOL
NRQFHSWXDOQLDSVWUDNWQLREMHNDWQSU5DGQRLVNXVWYR2EMHNDWVHLGHQWLILNXMHQD]LYRPL
OLVWRP VYRMVWDYD D JUDILþNL VH SUHGVWDYOMD NDR SUDYRXJDRQLN X NRPH VH LVSLVXMH QD]LY
HQWLWHWDNRMLMHQDMþHãüHLPHQLFD8'29VHUD]OLNXMXWDNR]YDQLjaki i slabi objekti.
NARUDZBENICA_DOB STAVKA_NAR_DOB
Slika 4.11: 3ULPHUR]QDþDYDQMDREMHNDWD
1DSULPHUXR]QDþDYDQMDREMHNDWDSlika 4.11QDUXGåEHQLFD MHSULND]DQDNDRMDND

VWDYND QDUXGåEHQLFH kao slab objekat. I]PHÿX MDNRJ L VODERJ REMHNWD SRVWRML
LGHQWLILNDFLRQD L HJ]LVWHQFLMDOQD ]DYLVQRVW ãWR ]QDþL GD VWDYND QDUXGåEHQLFH QH PRåH
SRVWRMDWLXVNODGLãWXSRGDWDNDDNRQHSRVWRMLQDUXGåEHQLFDNRMDMXLGHQWLILNXMH
4.3.3 $WULEXWL
$WULEXWLVXRVRELQHVYRMVWYDHQWLWHWD$WULEXWSRGUD]XPHYDLPHLYUHGQRVWVYRMVWYD

QSUDWULEXW³ERMD´LQMHJRYDYUHGQRVW³SODYR´(QWLWHWVHRSLVXMHSRPRüXMHGQRJLOL
YLãH VYRMVWDYD DWULEXWD $WULEXWL VX SRGDFL RVQRYQRJ WLSD LOL SUHGHILQLVDQL GRPHQL
2]QDþDYDMX VH HOLSVRLGLPD L SRYH]DQL VX SUDYROLQLMVNLP NRQHNWRULPD VD REMHNWLPD
Slika 4.12
42
Baze podataka
cena
jedinicamere RSLVDUWLN
nazivartik
ARTIKAL šifraartik
Slika 4.12: 3ULPHUR]QDþDYDQMDDWULEXWDREMHNDWD
%URMDWULEXWDREMHNDWDQLMHRJUDQLþHQNDRQLSR]LFLMDQDNRMRMüHVHDWULEXWLXQHWLX
GLMDJUDP
4.3.4 Veze
9H]H VX QDMYDåQLML GHR '29 MHU GHILQLãX QDþLQH QD NRMLPD VX REMHNWL X]DMDPQR
SRYH]DQL9H]HVHLPHQXMXLQMLKRYLQD]LYLRVOLNDYDMXVHPDWQLNXSRYH]DQRVWL L]PHÿX
REMHNDWD 3RUHG LPHQD YH]X SRWSXQR GHILQLãH QMHQD NDUGLQDOQRVW .DUGLQDOQRVW
SUHGVWDYOMD RGQRV EURMD REMHNDWD NRML VH SRYH]XMX 2GUHÿLYDQMH NDUGLQDOQRVWL VH
XJODYQRP YUãL SURXþDYDQMHP YH]D L RGQRVD L]PHÿX SRVPDWUDQLK REMHNDWD
.DUGLQDOQRVWLPRåHEiti:
x -HGDQSUHPDMHGDQ- QDSULPHUMHGQDXSODWDGREDYOMDþX VHYUãLSRWDþQR

MHGQRMIDNWXULGREDYOMDþD.
x -HGDQ SUHPD YLãH - QD SULPHU MHGQD QDUXGåEHQLFD VDGUåL YLãH stavki
QDUXGåEHQLFH 6OLND.
x 9LãHSUHPDYLãH - više GREDYOMDþD LPDXJRYRUHVDYLãHšpeditera.
1 1
FAKTURA_DOB pofakt UPLATA_DOB
Slika 4.13: 3ULPHULPHQRYDQHYH]HL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD
43
Baze podataka
8VLWXDFLMDPDNDGDVXYH]HL]PHÿXREMHNDWDLPSOLFLWQRMDVQHUDGLXãWHGHXSURVWRUX
QD GLMDJUDPX YH]H VH QH PRUDMX LPHQRYDWL 9H]D XJODYQRP LPD VDPR MHGQRVPHUQL
VPLVDRSDMHXRELþDMHQRGDVHLVFUWDLVWUHOLFDNRMDR]QDþDYDSUDYLODQVPHU
NARUDZBENICA_DOB
*
STAVKA_NAR_DOB
Slika 4.14: 3ULPHUQHLPHQRYDQHYH]H
1D SULPHUX QDUXGåEHQLFH LPSOLFLWQR MH MDVQR GD VH RQD VDVWRML RG VWDYNL
QDUXGåEHQLFH Slika 4.14.DUGLQDOQRVWYH]HRGMDNRJSUHPDVODERPREMHNWXMHuvek
MHGDQjedan MDNREMHNDWHJ]LVWHQFLMDOQRRGUHÿXMHviše VODELKREMHNDWD
%URMHQWLWHWDNRMLXþHVWYXMXXYH]LVHQD]LYDVWHSHQYH]H9H]DXNRMRMXþHVWYXMXGYD
HQWLWHWD VH QD]LYD ELQDUQD YH]D WUHüHJ VWHSHQD XþHVWYXMX WUL HQWLWHWD VH QD]LYD
WHUQDUQDLWG9H]DXNRMRMMHGDQHQWLWHWXþHVWYXMHYLãHSXWDXUD]OLþLWLPXORJDPDQD]LYD
VH UHNXU]LYQD LOL XQDUQD YH]D 1D SULPHU DNR MH XRþHQ HQWLWHW =DSRVOHQL MHGDQ RG
]DSRVOHQLKMHLPDJDFLRQHU0DJDFLRQHUL]GDMHVUHGVWYD]DSRVOHQLPDSDVHXRþDYDYH]D
,]GDMH6UHGVWYR 3R QHNDGD PDJDFLRQHU PRUD L VHEL GD L]GD VUHGVWYR 'UXJLP UHþLPD
HQHWLWHW=DSRVOHQLXþHVWYXMHGYDSXWDXYH]L,]GDMH6UHGVWYRSUYLSXWNDRPDJDFLRQHU
NRMLL]GDMHVUHGVWYDGUXJLPDDGUXJLSXWNDRMHGDQRG]DSRVOHQLKNRPHWDNRÿHPRåHGD
se izda sredstvo.
,]GDMH6UHGVWYR
=DSRVOHQL
Jedan od
Magacioner
]DSRVOHQLK
Slika 4.15: 3ULPHUUHNXU]LYQHYH]H
44
Baze podataka
4.3.5 3URãLUHQLPRGHOREMHNWLYH]H3029
3RUHGRVQRYQRJSRVWRMLLSURãLUHQLPRGHOREMHNWLYH]HNRMLRPRJXüDYDGHWDOMQLMH
GHILQLVDQMH YH]D L]PHÿX REMHNDWD 3RUHG DVRFLMDWLYQLK YH]D SUHGVWDYOMHQLK QD
SUHWKRGQRPSULPHUXNRMHWUHEDGDRVOLNDMXVHPDQWLNXXGUXåLYDQMDREMHNDWDXVLVWHPX
SRVWRMH L VSHFLILþQH YH]H NRMLPD VH L]UDåDYD KLMHUDUKLMD L NRPSRQRYDQMH REMHNDWD
3RVWRMHGYHUHSUH]HQWDWLYQHYUVWHRYDNYLKYH]D
*HQHUDOL]DFLMDVSHFLMDOL]DFLMD – *HQHUDOL]DFLMDMHDSVWUDNFLMDXNRMRMVHVNXSVOLþQLK
WLSRYDREMHNDWDWUHWLUDNDRJHQHULþNLWLSREMHNWDQDGWLS6OLþQLWLSRYLREMHNDWDVXRQL
WLSRYL NRML LPDMX QHNH ]DMHGQLþNH DWULEXWH YH]H LLOL RSHUDFLMH 6SHFLMDOL]DFLja je
LQYHU]QLSRVWXSDNXNRPHVH]DQHNLWLSREMHNWDGHILQLãXQMHJRYLSRGWLSRYLNRMLLPDMX
QHNHQMLPDVSHFLILþQHDWULEXWHYH]HLLOLRSHUDFLMH1DSULPHUSlika 4.16VNXSWLSRYD
'LUHNWRU6HNUHWDULFD3RUWLUPRåHVHSUHGVWDYLWLJHQHULþNLPWLSRP5DGQLk.
RADNIK
DIREKTOR SEKRETARICA PORTIR
Slika 4.16: *HQHUDOL]DFLMDVSHFLMDOL]DFLMD
8 JHQHUDOL]RYDQRM KLMHUDUKLML REMHNDWD YDåL SUDYLOR QDVOHGMLYDQMD RVRELQD L SUDYLOR

QDVOHGMLYDQMDRSHUDFLMD
x 3RGWLSRYLQDVOHGMXMXVYHDWULEXWHLYH]HVYRJDQDGWLSD
x 3RGWLSRYLQDVOHGMXMXVYHRSHUDFLMHVYRJDQDGWLSD
'HILQLVDQMHP SRGWLSRYD QHNRJ WLSD UD]UHãDYD VH SUREOHP DWULEXWD QD NRML QLVX
SULPHQOMLYHRVRELQHVYLKREMHNDWDXVNXSXREMHNDWDMHGQRJWLSDQDWDMQDþLQVHGHILQLãH
SRGWLSNDRVNXSSRMDYOMLYDQMDQDNRMHMHGDWRVYRMVWYRSULPHQOMLYR
$JUHJDFLMDGHNRPSR]LFLMD – $JUHJDFLMDMHDSVWUDNFLMDXNRMRMVHYH]DL]PHÿXGYDLOL
YLãH WLSRYD REMHNDWD WUHWLUD NDR REMHNDW QD YLãHP QLYRX DSVWUDNFLMH =ERJ WRJD ãWR
istoYUHPHQR SUHGVWDYOMD L REMHNDW L YH]X DJUHJDFLMD VH þHVWR QD]LYD L PHãRYLWL WLS
45
Baze podataka
objekta-YH]D 2EMHNWL NRML þLQH DJUHJDFLMX VH QD]LYDMX NRPSRQHQWDPD DJUHJDFLMH

3RVWXSDNLQYHU]DQDUHJDFLMLVHQD]LYDGHNRPSR]LFLMD
(1,M) (M,1)
DOBAVLJAC UGOVOR
U GOVOR PROIZVOD
Slika 4.17: $JUHJDFLMDGHNRPSR]LFLMD
$JUHJLUDQLREMHNDWVHR]QDþDYDVLPERORPXSLVDQRJURPEDXSUDYRXJDRQLNþLPHVH
L]UDåDYDQMHJRYDGYRMDNDSULURGD$JUHJDWLVXYHRPDSRYROMQL]DSUHFL]QLMHGHILQLVDQMH
YH]D NRMH LPDMX NDUGLQDOQRVW više-više 3RãWR VX RYL WLSRYL YH]D WHãNL ]D RGUåDYDQMH
UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD RQGD VH YH]D SUHWYDUD X REMHNDW NRML LPD NDUGLQDOQRVW
jedan-više SUHPDVXVHGQLPREMHNWLPD
=ERJVYRMHGYRMDNHSULURGHDJUHJDWLVXXJODYQRPVODELREMHNWLMHUHJ]LVWHQFLMDOQR
zavisH RG GYD LOL YLãH GUXJLK REMHNDWD NRML LK MHGQR]QDþQR RGUHÿXMX L]X]HWDN MH
DJUHJDFLMDna sebe QDSULPHUQHNLproizvod PRåHGDVHVDVWRMLRGYLãHREMHNDWDNRMLVX
WDNRÿHWLSDproizvodXWRMVLWXDFLMLNRPSR]LWQHPRUDGDEXGHVODEREMHNDWMHUSRVWRMH
proizvodi NRMLPRJXGDEXGXDOLQLVXNRPSR]LWL$JUHJDWLLPDMXVYRMHDWULEXWHPRJX
GD EXGX X YH]DPD GUXJRJ WLSD JHQHUDOL]DFLMHVSHFLMDOL]DFLMH VD QHNLP GUXJLP
REMHNWLPDPRJXüHDJUHJLUDQLPWDNRÿH
4.3.6 Primer
1DQDUHGQRMVOLFLSUHGVWDYOMHQMHSULPHU'29Slika 4.183ULPRGHORYDQMX'29

SROD]LVHRG'73LUHþQLNDSRGDWDNDNRMLPDVHRSLVXMHRGUHÿHQLSRVORYQLSURFHV1D
RVQRYX LQWHUIHMVD L WRNRYD SRGDWDND 73 L] '73 GHILQLãX VH REMHNWL 73 VX
GHNRPSRQRYDQLXUHþQLNXSRGDWDNDNDRVWUXNWXUH
(OHPHQWLVWUXNWXUHSROMDVXDWULEXWLREMHNDWD$NRMHHOHPHQWXJQMHåGHQDVWUXNWXUD

VWUXNWXUD X VWUXNWXUL RQD VH SUHGVWDYOMD NDR GUXJL REMHNWL NRML VH QDOD]H X YH]L QD
SULPHUQDUXGåEHQLFDLVWDYDNDQDUXGåEHQLFHLVSLWQLVSLVDNLSRMHGLQDþQLUH]XOWDW
2YH YH]H VX RELþQR LPSOLFLWQH L SUHGVWDYOMHQD LP MH VDPR NDUGLQDOQRVWL L
XVPHUHQRVW=DWLPVOHGLGHILQLVDQMHSUHRVWDOLKYH]DL]PHÿXREMHNDWD9H]HVHLPHQXMXL
odreÿXMHLPVHNDUGLQDOQRVW
46
Baze podataka
nazivdob
šifradob
DGUHVDGRE
DOBAVLJAC SRVODWD
XSXüHQD
brojfakt
brojnar GDWXPIDNW EURMUDþ
1 1 1
1
NARUDZBENI FAKTURA
GDWXPQDU pofakt UPLATA_DOB
CA_DOB _DOB
1
brotpr RSLVIDNW
GDWXPRWSU EURMXJRY
UEUVWDYNH
* L]QRV
GDWXP
šifraprod
STAVKA_ cena
NAR_DOB jedinicamere RSLVDUWLN
narkolic 1
nazivartik
1
narartik ARTIKAL šifraartik
Slika 4.18: 3ULPHUGLMDJUDPDREMHNWLYH]H]DSURFHVQDEDYNH
2SLV '29 Slika 4.18 X SURFHVX QDEDYNH IRUPLUD VH QDUXGåEHQLFD REMHNDW
NARUDZBENICA_DOBNRMRPVHSRWUDåXMHUREDRGRGUHÿHQRJGREDYOMDþDREMHNDW
DOBAVLJAC=DVYDNLDUWLNDONRMLVHQDEDYOMDREMHNDWARTIKALIRUPLUDVHMHGQD
VWDYND QDUXGåEHQLFH VODEL REMHNDW STAVKA_NAR_DOB 3RUHG SRGDWDND DUWLNOD
VWDYND VDGUåL L NROLþLQX NRMD VH QDEDYOMD nar_kol .UHLUDQD QDUXGåEHQLFD VH ãDOMH
GREDYOMDþXLRQQDRVQRYXQMHLVSRUXþXMHUREXX]NRMXãDOMHIDNWXUX- raþXQ]DQDSODWX
REMHNDW FAKTURA_DOB .XSDF SR IDNWXUL YUãL XSODWX GREDYOMDþX REMHNDW
UPLATA_DOB D SRWYUGX NRSLMX R XSODWL ãDOMH GREDYOMDþX NDR GRND] L]PLUHQMD
VYRMLKREDYH]D
0RGHO REMHNWL YH]H RPRJXüDYD SRWSXQLMH VKYDWDQMH IXQNFLRQLVDQMD VLVWHPD

sHPDQWLþNLP RSLVRP REMHNDWD L QMLKRYLK X]DMDPQLK YH]D .RULãüHQMHP '29
SRMHGQRVWDYOMXMHVHSUHYRÿHQMHORJLþNRJXIL]LþNLPRGHOSRGDWND
47
Baze podataka
0RGHOREMHNWLYH]HMHNRPSDWLELODQVD80/2 GLMDJUDPRPNODVDãWR]QDþLGDSRUHG
PRGHORYDQMD SRGDWDND data layer RPRJXüDYD L REMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQR PRGHORYDQMH
DSOLNDFLRQHORJLNHbusiness logic layer
2
UML Unified modeling language – VWDQGDUG]DREMHNWQR-RUMHQWLVDQRPRGHORYDQMH,6NUR]
UD]OLþLWHWLSRYHGLMDJUDPD
48
Baze podataka
5 6758.7851$6,67(06.$$1$/,=$66$
SWUXNWXUQD VLVWHPVND DQDOL]D 66$ SUHGVWDYOMD VDYUHPHQ SULVWXS SURFHVX UD]YRMD

SRVORYQLK LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD $QDOL]D WRNRYD SRGDWDND X VLVWHPX RGUHÿLYDQMH
NOMXþQLK HQWLWHWD X VLVWHPX L QMLKRYLK DWULEXWD L HQWLWHWD YDQ VLVWHPD V NRMLPD RQ
NRPXQLFLUDSUHGVWDYOMDVDPRQDMYDåQLMHXQL]X]DGDWDND66$2VQRYQHNDUDNWHULVWLNH
66$VX
x 5D]YLMDQMHVLVWHPDVHYUãLRGvrha-na dole
x $QDOL]DLGL]DMQSRGUD]XPHYDMXNRULãüHQMHUD]OLþLWLKDODWDWHKQLNDLPRGHODXFLOMX
ãWRSUHFL]QLMHJVQLPDQMDDNWXHOQRJVLVWHPDLNRULVQLþNLK]DKWHYD
x 2VQRYQLDODWL66$VXIXQNFLRQDOQLGLMDJUDPLGLMDJUDPLWRNRYDSRGDWDNDUHþQLFL
SRGDWDNDVSHFLILNDFLMDSURFHVDGLMDJUDPLobjekti-veze
x 5D]GYDMDQMHIL]LþNRJLORJLþNRJPRGHOD- IL]LþNLPRGHOMHQDMþHãüHIRNXVLUDQQD
SUHåLYOMDYDQMH SRVWRMHüHJ VLVWHPD LOL GL]DMQ QRYRJ GRN MH ORJLþNL PRGHO YLãH
XVPHUHQQDDQDOL]X]DKWHYDNRMLPDVLVWHPWUHEDGDRGJRYRUL
x 8NOMXþLYDQMHNRULVQLþNLKXORJDXUD]OLþLWLPID]DPDUD]YRMD
x 66$RPRJXüDYDLVWRYUHPHQRL]YUãDYDQMHSRMHGLQLKID]DDQDOL]HLGL]DMQD
x 66$MHSRGUåDQDQDSUHGQLPWHKQRORJLMDPDãWRRODNãDYDUD]YRMVLVWHPD
66$SUHGVWDYOMDNOMXþQLSURFHVXSURMHNWXUD]YRMDSRVORYQLKLQIRUPDFLRQLKVLVWHPD
6LVWHPVND DQDOL]D MH SUHGXVORY GREURJ GL]DMQD LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD L XNOMXþXMH
WHKQLNHDQDOL]HLQIRUPDFLRQRJVLVWHPDPRGHORYDQMDSRGDWDNDLWHKQLNHQRUPDOL]DFLMH
GRELMHQRJPRGHOD
8 PHWRGRORJLML -LK JRGLQD SUHRYODÿXMXüL SULVWXS MH ELR waterfall SULVWXS NRML VH
VDVWRMDRRGVHNYHQFLMDOQLKID]DRGYLMDOHVXVHMHGQD]DGUXJRPSRWDþQRXWYUÿHQRP
UHGRVOHGX
x 6LVWHPVNDDQDOL]D
x 6LVWHPVNLGL]DMQ
x ,]JUDGQMDLWHVWLUDQMHVLVWHPD
x 8YRÿHQMHLWUDQ]LFLMDVLVWHPD
x 2GUåDYDQMHSURGXNWLYQRVWLVLVWHPD
Model vodopada Slika 5.1 ]DPHQLR MH spiralni PRGHO NRML VH ]DVQLYD QD
LWHUDWLYQRVWL SURFHVD UD]YRMD LQIRUPDFLRQLK VLVWHPD Slika 5.2 3UHGQRVW RYDNYH
PHWRGRORJLMH MH X WRPH ãWR VH VLVWHP EU]R XYRGL X NRULãüHQMH SRVWL]DQMHP VDPR
49
Baze podataka
RVQRYQLK IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL D ]DWLP VH GRJUDÿXMH L SULODJRÿDYD SRWUHEDPD NRQNUHWQLK

NRULVQLND1DWDMQDþLQSURFHVUD]YRMDQLMH]DYUãHQNDGDVHLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHPXYHGHX
XSRWUHEXYHüVHQDVWDYOMDGRGDYDQMHPQRYLKVRIWYHUVNLKPRGXODRVDYUHPHQMDYDQMHP
SRVWRMHüLKIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL7R]QDþLGDUD]YRMVLVWHPDWUDMHdok se sistem koristi GRN
je åLY
6LVWHPVND
analiza
waterfall
6LVWHPVNLGL]DMQ
waterfall
Izgradnja i
WHVWLUDQMH
VLVWHPD
waterfall
8YRÿHQMHL
WUDQ]LFLMDVLVWHPD
waterfall
Ã2GUåDYDQMH
SURGXNWLYQRVWL
VLVWHPD
waterfall
Slika 5.1: :DWHUIDOOPHWRGRORJLMD
5D]YRM SRVORYQLK VLVWHPD SUHGVWDYOMD FLNOLþDQ iterativno inkrementalan SURFHV

NRML VH RGYLMD SRID]DPD =ERJ VYRMH VWDGLMXPVNH SULURGH FHORNXSDQ SURFHV VH þHVWR
QD]LYDåLYRWQLFLNOXV UD]YRMDVLVWHPD6OLND
8REHSUHGVWDYOMHQHPHWRGRORJLMH66$LPD]QDþDMQRPHVWRLSUHGVWDYOMDSUHGXVORY
SURFHVXGL]DMQDVLVWHPD0HWRGRORJLMDåLYRWQRJFLNOXVDPQRJRIOHNVLELOQLMHXNOMXþXMH
66$XSURFHVUD]YRMDSRVORYQRLQIRUPDFLRQRJVLVWHPD
66$VHUHDOL]XMHSRID]DPDLGREURGHILQLVDQRMPHWRGRORJLML6XãWLQVNLVLVWHPVH
DQDOL]LUDQDUD]OLþLWHQDþLQH7RPRåHELWLVDDNFHQWRPQD
x SRVORYQHIXQNFLMHIXQNFLRQDOQDGHNRPSR]LFLMD
x WRNRYHSRGDWDNDGHNRPSR]LFLMDGLMDJUDPDWRNRYDSRGDWDND
x GHILQLVDQMHUHþQLNDSRGDWDND
x GHILQLVDQMHYH]DL]PHÿXHQWLWHWDXVLVWHPXL]UDGDGLMDJUDPDREMHNWLYH]H
50
Baze podataka
Inicijalno
LVWUDåLYDQMH
Provera/revizija 6WXGLMDL]YRGOMLYRVWL
6WXGLMDL]YRG
6 GOMLYRVWL
SSA
G
Generalin dizajn
Implementacija
VLVWHPD
Detaljan dizajn
VLVWHPD
Slika 5.2: )D]HåLYRWQRJFLNOXVDUD]YRMDVLVWHPD
5.1 )81.&,21$/1$'(.2032=,&,-$
'LMDJUDPL IXQNFLRQDOQH GHNRPSR]LFLMH VH NRULVWH X RGUHÿLYDQMX RVQRYQLK

VLVWHPVNLK IXQNFLMD L QMLKRYRP GHNRPSRQRYDQMX 2YH IXQNFLMH RELþQR RGJRYDUDMX X
SRWSXQRVWLSUHGVWDYOMHQLPSURFHVLPDXGLMDJUDPLPDWRNRYDSRGDWDND
5.1.1 -DFNVRQRYLGLMDJUDPL
'LMDJUDPL IXQNFLRQDOQH GHNRPSR]LFLMH VH MRã QD]LYDMX SUHPD VYRP WYRUFX

Jackson-RYLPGLMDJUDPLPD8QDVWDYNXVHQDMHGQRPSULPHUXUD]PDWUDMXGHWDOMLRYLK
GLMDJUDPDSlika 5.3
51
Baze podataka
Inform.VLVW.VSROM.trg.SUHGX]
1.nabavka 2.carinjenje 3.prodaja 4.SODüDQMH
Slika 5.3: -DFNVRQ-RYGLMDJUDPRVQRYQLKSRVORYQLKIXQNFLMD
)XQNFLRQDOQL GLMDJUDP QDMYLãHJ QLYRD SUHGVWDYOMD RVQRYQH SRVORYQH IXQNFLMH

RUJDQL]DFLMH1DSUHWKRGQRMVOLFL SUHGVWDYOMHQMHGLMDJUDPRVQRYQLKSRVORYQLKIXQNFLMD
MHGQHVSROMQR-WUJRYLQVNHRUJDQL]DFLMH8YUKXGLMDJUDPDREDYH]QRVHSUHGVWDYOMDQD]LY
,6NRMLVHDQDOL]LUD6OLþQRKLMHUDUKLMVNLPRUJDQL]DFLRQLPGLMDJUDPLPDSUHGVWDYOMDMXVH
RVQRYQH IXQNFLMH SUHGX]HüD 2YH IXQNFLMH VX VHOHNWLYQH ãWR ]QDþL GD VH RGYLMDMX EH]
X]DMDPQLK]DYLVQRVWL
5.1.2 3UDYLODXNUHLUDQMX-DFNVRQRYLKGLMDJUDPD
2VQRYQH IXQNFLMH QDMþHãüH LPDMX VHOHNWLYQX SULURGX WDNR GD VH GHNRPSRQXMX
=DYUãHWDN IXQNFLRQDOQH GHNRPSR]LFLMH MH NDGD VH GRELMX HOHPHQWDUQH VHNYHQFLMDOQH
IXQNFLMH SULPLWLYH 3ULPLWLYQH IXQNFLMH VX RQH NRMH VH GDOMH PRJX VDPR
GHNRPSRQRYDWL QD NRQNUHWQH QDUHGEH X FLOMQRP SURJUDPVNRP MH]LNX LOL X pseudo
kodu 1D VOLFL Slika 5.4 SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH SULPHU GHNRPSRQRYDQMD SRVORYQH IXQNFLMH
prodaja 3RãWR VH UD]OLNXMH SURFHV veleprodaje UDG VD SUDYQLP OLFLPD XJRYDUDQMH
YHOHSURGDMQH FHQH UDEDW QDUXþLYDQMH GRVWDYOMDQMH WUDQVDNFLMH LVNOMXþLYR SUHNR åLUR-
UDþXQDXEDQNDPDRGmaloprodaje UDGVDIL]LþNLPOLFLPDJRWRYLQVNRSODüDQMHPDQMH
NROLþLQH UREH SODüDQMH QD SURGDMQRP PHVWX WDNR MH RVQRYQD prodaja IXQNFLMD
GHNRPSRQRYDQDQDQDYHGHQHGYH
52
Baze podataka
3.prodaja <>
3.1.veleprodaja <> 3.2.maloprodaja []
3.2.1.JHQHULVDQMH
UDþXQDNXSFX
3.1.1.XJRYDUDQMH[] 3.1.2.otprema []
3.2.2.prijem
XSODWHNXSFD
3.1.1.1.XQRV 3.1.2.1.JHQHULVDQMH
QDORJDNXSFD IDNWXUDNXS.
3.1.1.2.JHQHULVDQMH 3.1.2.2.JHQHULVDQMH
XJRYRUDNXSFD RWSUHPQLFHNXS.
Slika 5.4: 'HNRPSR]LFLMDSRVORYQHIXQNFLMH3URGDMD
3UDüHQMH GHNRPSR]LFLMH MH RODNãDQR QXPHUDFLMRP IXQNFLMD 7DNR VH QSU IXQNFLMD
maloprodaja GHNRPSRQXMH QD GYH PDQMH IXQNFLMH generisanje racuna
kupcuLprijem uplate kupca . 0RåHVHXRþLWLGDVXIXQNFLMHgenerisanje
racuna i prijem uplate – VHNYHQFLMDOQH NXSDF QH SODüD UREX GRN QH GRELMH UDþXQ RG
SURGDYFD 7X MH NUDM GHNRPSRQRYDQMD IXQNFLMH maloprodaja VOHGL RSLV ORJLNH
SULPLWLYQHIXQNFLMHSVHXGRNRGRP
6HOHNWLYQL SURFHVL QD GLMDJUDPLPD IXQNFLRQDOQH GHNRPSR]LFLMH R]QDþDYDMX VH

]QDFLPD!GRNVHVHNYHQFLMDOQLSURFHVLR]QDþDYDMX]QDFLPD>@
)XQNFLRQDOQLGLMDJUDPLVHQHEDYHSRGDFLPDNRMLSRVWRMHXVLVWHPXYHüVDPRWUHED
GD LVWDNQX IUHNYHQWQRVW YDåQRVW L NRPSOHNVQRVW SRMHGLQDþQLK SRVORYQLK IXQNFLMD
.UR] IXQNFLRQDOQX GHNRPSR]LFLMX PRJX VH LGHQWLILNRYDWL VOLþQRVWL X GHNRPSR]LFLML
UD]OLþLWLKSRVORYQLKIXQNFLMD.DRSRVOHGLFDRYHþLQMHQLFHPRJXVHLGHQWLILNRYDWLQRYH
IXQNFLMHLYHüXID]LDQDOL]HXþLQLWLNRUDFLNRMLüHRPRJXüLWLRSLWLPL]DFLMXUHãHQMD,6
53
Baze podataka
3.1.2.otprema
3.1.2.1.JHQHULVDQMH
IDNWXUDNXS.
3.1.2.2.JHQHULVDQMH
RWSUHPQLFHNXS.
Slika 5.5: PrLPHULGHQWLILNRYDQMDLVWLKIXQNFLMDXIXQNFLRQDOQRM GHNRPSR]LFLML
1DSULPHUSlika 5.5RUJDQL]DFLMHWUJRYLQHNRMHVHEDYHSURGDMRPUREXVQHUREH

QDPHãWDM YR]LOD LQGXVWULMVNH PDãLQH NRULVWH LVWX IXQNFLMX otprema X GHNRPSR]LFLML
veleprodaje i maloprodaje 5RED VH L X MHGQRP L X GUXJRP VOXþDMX PRUD GRVWDYLWL
NXSFX1DWDMQDþLQIXQNFLMDotprema VHGL]DMQLUDLLPSOHPHQWLUDXPHVWRSXWD– VDPR
MHGDQSXW L RQD WUHED GD EXGH GRVWXSQD L] REH RSFLMH QDG-IXQNFLMH DSOLNDFLMH
veleprodaje i maloprodaje
)XQNFLRQDOQDDQDOL]DX]SRPRüDODWD]DPRGHORYDQMHREH]EHÿXMHYDåQHGHWDOMHNRML
VH PRJX NRULVWLWL X NDVQLMLP ID]DPD DQDOL]H 0HÿXWLP IXQNFLRQDOQL SULVWXS QLMH
VYHREXKYDWDQ– EDYLVHSLWDQMHPãWDVLVWHPUDGLQHLNDNRUDGL
5.2 ',-$*5$0,72.29$32'$7$.$'73
'LMDJUDPL WRNRYD SRGDWDND '73 SUHGVWDYOMDMX MHGQX RG QDMSRSXODUQLMLK WHKQLND

PRGHORYDQMD SRVORYQLK SURFHVD >@ '73 RSLVXMX SURWRN LQIRUPDFLMD X VLVWHPX 2QL
SUHGVWDYOMDMXSULURGDQQDVWDYDNUD]YRMD,6QDNRQIXQNFLRQDOQHDQDOL]H'73VHVDVWRMH
RGþHWLULYUVWHHOHPHQDWDSlika 5.6
x ,QWHUIHMVL
x 3URFHVL
x Tokovi podataka
x Skladišta podataka
54
Baze podataka
SPOLJNJI
OBJEKAT 1
TOK_PODATAKA_1
TOK_PODATAKA_2 TOK_PODATAKA_7 SPOLJNJI

OBJEKAT 2
PROCES A
TOK_PODATAKA_3 PROC
PRO CES A
TOK_PODATAKA_5
PROCES B
PROC
PRO CES B
TOK_PODATAKA_6
TOK_PODATAKA_4
SKLADISTE_PODATKA
Slika 5.6: 6WUXNWXUD'73
Interfejsi SUHGVWDYOMDMXHQWLWHWHREMHNWHL]UHDOQRJVYHWDNRMLRNUXåXMHVLVWHP7R

PRJX ELWL RVREH NRMH VH QDOD]H X RGUHÿHQRM XOR]L X RGQRVX QD VLVWHP QSU SDFLMHQW
QDVWDYQLNVWXGHQWNXSDFGREDYOMDþRUJDQL]DFLMHEDQNDKRWHOãNRODFDULQDLOL
sistHPNRMLQXGLQHNLVHUYLV]DSRVPDWUDQL,6606VHUYLVH-EDQNLQJVHUYLVþLWDþVPDUW
NDUWLFDWUåLãWHQHNUHWQLQD,QWHUIHMVLVHSULND]XMXSUDYRXJDRQLNRPLQD]LYRPSlika
5.7
Dobavljaþ ,]GDYDþRJODVD 9ODVQLNQHNUHWQLQH
Slika 5.7: 3ULPHULLQWHUIHMVD
=DMHGQLþNR ]D VYH LQWHUIHMVH MH GD VX WR REMHNWL izvan DQDOL]LUDQRJ VLVWHPD NRML
LQWHUDJXMX UD]PHQMXMX SRGDWNH VD VLVWHPRP .DR ãWR VH PRåH YLGHWL L] SUHWKRGQRJ
SULPHUD LQWHUIHMVL QLVX NRQNUHWQD IL]LþND OLFD QLWL NRQNUHWQH RUJDQL]DFLMH GREDYOMDþ
PRåH ELWL ELOR NRMH IL]LþNR LOL SUDYQR OLFH ,VWL MH VOXþDj sa vlasnikom nekretnine.
,]GDYDþRJODVD PRåHELWLELORNRMDL]GDYDþNDLOLQRYLQDUVNDNXüD%LWQDMHXORJDNRMX
LQWHUIHMV REDYOMD RGQRVQR QDþLQ QD NRML VLVWHP NRPXQLFLUD V LQWHUIHMVRP 8 WRNX
GHNRPSRQRYDQMD '73 LQWHUIHMVL PRUDMX RVWDWL NRQ]LVWHQWQL – oQL VH QH PHQMDMX QLWL
GHNRPSRQXMX'UXJLPUHþLPDEURMLQD]LYLLQWHUIHMVDQDSRþHWNXGHNRPSR]LFLMHPRUD
GDRGJRYDUDEURMXLQD]LYLPDLQWHUIHMVDQDNUDMXWRJSURFHVD
55
Baze podataka
8 WRNX SURFHVD GHNRPSRQRYDQMD UDGL SUHJOHGQRVWL GLMDJUDPD MHGDQ LQWHUIHMV VH

PRåHSRQRYLWLQDLVWRPGLMDJUDPXVWLPGDMHNRSLMDR]QDþHQD]YH]GLFRPSlika 5.8
Dobavljaþ *Dobavljaþ
Slika 5.8: 2ULJLQDOLNRSLMDLQWHUIHMVD
3URFHVL RGJRYDUDMX IXQNFLMDPD L] SUHWKRGQH ID]H 66$ IXQNFLRQDOQD

GHNRPSR]LFLMD ,QWHUIHMVL LQWHUDJXMX VD VLVWHPRP SRVUHGVWYRP SURFHVD 6YDNL SURFHV
SUHGVWDYOMD QHNX VSHFLILþQX SRVORYQX DNWLYQRVW 3URFHV PRåH SUHGVWDYOMD QHNX
DXWRPDWVNX REUDGX SRGDWDND JHQHULVDQMH L]YHãWDMD UDþXQD DXWHQWLILNDFLMD
NRULVQLND DOL LVWR WDNR QHNX PDQXHOQX DNWLYQRVW QDEDYND LVSRUXND SURL]YRGQMD
XþODQMLYDQMHL]GDYDQMHNQMLJH
1.1 3RQXGD 2. Ugovaranje

2. Ugovaranje
Slika 5.9: 3ULPHUR]QDþDYDQMDSURFHVD
3URFHVLVHR]QDþDYDMXNUXJRPLOLHOLSVRPXNRMLVHXQRVLQD]LYSURFHVDSlika 5.9

=D UD]OLNX RG LQWHUIHMVD SURFHVL VH QXPHULãX %URMþDQR R]QDþDYDQMH MH LGHQWLþQR NDR
NRG IXQNFLRQDOQLK GLMDJUDPD 1LMH GR]YROMHQR SUDYLWL NRSLMH SURFHVD QD LVWRP '73
3URFHVL VH PRJX GHNRPSRQRYDWL 6XãWLQVNL GHNRPSR]LFLMD '73 VH VYRGL QD
GHNRPSRQRYDQMH SRVORYQLK SURFHVD 1D VOHGHüHP SULPHUX Slika 5.10 LVWDNQXW MH
SULPHU GHNRPSRQRYDQMD SURFHVD nabavka 1D QXOWRP QLYRX GHNRPSRQRYDQMD
SUHGVWDYOMHQL VX RVQRYQL SRVORYQL SURFHVL 2YL SURFHVL VH GHNRPSRQXMX RG QLYRD
GHNRPSR]LFLMH 3URFHV nabavka VH GHNRPSRQXMH QD SRGSURFHVD obrada kataloga
GREDYOMDþDQDUXþLYDQMHi prijem robe7R]QDþLGDVHRVQRYQLSURFHVnabavka YLãHQH
SRMDYOMXMHRGQLYRDGHNRPSR]LFLMHYHüVDPRQMHJRYLSRGSURFHVL1DGUXJRPQLYRX
GHPRQVWULUDQD MH GHNRPSR]LFLMD SRGSURFHVD prijem robe 2YDM SRGSURFHV VH
GHNRPSRQXMHQDWULQRYDNRMDRSLVXMXãWDVLVWHPUDGLSRSULMHPXUREH7R]QDþi da se
prijem robe RGQLYRDYLãH QHSRMDYOMXMHNDRFHORYLWSURFHVYHüQMHJRYLSRGSURFHVL
56
Baze podataka
1. Nabavka 0. nivo dekompozicije

1. Nabavka
1.1 Obrada kataloga

GREDYOMDþD
1.2 1DUXþLYDQMH 1.3 Prijem robe 1. nivo dekompozicije
1.3.3 *HQHULVDQMH
1.3.1 Evidencija 1.3.2 Evidencija
2. nivo dekompozicije RWSUHPQLFHGREDYOMDþD IDNWXUHGREDYOMDþD
prijemnice za
VNODGLãWHQMH
Slika 5.10: 3ULPHUGHNRPSR]LFLMHSRVORYQLKSURFHVD
1LMHSUHFL]LUDQRGRNRJQLYRDVHYUãLGHNRPSRQRYDQMHSRVORYQLKSURFHVD1HVPHVH
]DERUDYLWL GD '73 WUHED GD X SRWSXQRVWL RGJRYDUDMX GLMDJUDPLPD IXQNFLRQDOQH
GHNRPSR]LFLMH $QDORJQR IXQNFLRQDOQRM GHNRPSR]LFLML SRVORYQL SURFHVL VH
GHNRPSRQXMX GR QLYRD SUH GRELMDQMD HOHPHQWDUQLK VHNYHQFLMDOQLK SURFHVD *RUQML
SULPHU SUHGVWDYOMD ]DYUãHQX GHNRPSR]LFLMX SRGSURFHVD prijem robe SURFHVD nabavke.
$NRELVHQDVWDYLORVDGHNRPSRQRYDQMHPELORNRJRGSURFHVDR]QDþHQLKGR
GRELOLELVHSRWSXQRVHNYHQFLMDOQLSRGSURFHVLNRMLVHL]YUãDYDMXSR XQDSUHGXWYUÿHQRP
UHGRVOHGXãWRMHYLãHVWYDULPSOHPHQWDFLRQLKGHWDOMDQHJRDNWLYQRVWLDQDOL]H
7RNRYL SRGDWDND 73 SUHGVWDYOMDMX LQWHUDNFLMX L]PHÿX LQWHUIHMVD L SURFHVD X

VLVWHPX2QLREDYH]QRPRUDMXELWLLPHQRYDQLSlika 5.1173LPDMXVWDWLþNXSULURGX
MHU QH RGVOLNDYDMX UHGRVOHG L]PHQH SRGDWDND L]PHÿX VLVWHPD L RNROLQH QLWL UHGRVOHG
DNFLMDNRMHL]D]LYDMXXQXWDUVLVWHPD73PRJXVDGUåDWLRVQRYQH tipove – FHOLEURMHYL
UHDOQL EURMHYL NDUDNWHUL L L]YHGHQH WLSRYH - VWUXNWXLUDQH SRGDWNH NDR ãWR VX adresa,
narudzbenica, katalog proizvoda VDGUåH SRGDWNH UD]OLþLWLK RVQRYQLK WLSRYD LOL
XJQMHåGHQHVWUXNWXUH9DåQDNDUDNWHULVWLND73MHQMLKRYDREDYH]QD XVPHUHQRVWNRMD
RSLVXMHVPHUWRNDSRGDWDNDXVLVWHPX
PRIJAVA_ZA_UPIS
1DUXG]EHQLFD
Slika 5.11: 3ULPHUR]QDþDYDQMD73
57
Baze podataka
, XQXWDU VLVWHPD SRVWRMH 73 Slika 5.12 L]PHÿX SURFHVD L VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND L
L]PHÿX SURFHVD X]DMDPQR 7L W]Y LQWHUQL WRNRYL SRGDWDND QLVX LPHQRYDQL MHU VH
SRGUD]XPHYD GD MH QMLKRYD VWUXNWXUD GHILQLVDQD NUR] VSROMQMH WRNRYH VLVWHP -
LQWHUIHMV
PRIJAVA_ZA_UPIS
UPISNINA
CLANSKA_KARTA
1. UPIS
CITAOCI
CITALAC REVERS
2.
IZNAJMLJIVANJE_VRACANJE
RAZDUZIVANJE _KNJIGE
ZAHTEV_ZA_PROD_ROKA_ZAD
OPOMENA
ZADUZENJA
LISNI_KATALOG
PARAMETRI_PRETRAGE
REZULTATI_PRETRAZIVANJA 3.
PRETRAZIVANJE_KATALOGA
Slika 5.12: 3ULPHUWRNRYDSRGDWDNDQDIUDJPHQWX'73]D,6ELEOLRWHNH
1DPHQD LQWHUQLK73 L]PHÿX SURFHVDL VNODGLãWDMH GDLVWDNQX GD OL VHL JGH XOD]QL
SRGDFLSDPWHXVLVWHPXRGQRVQRL]NRMLKL]YRUDVNODGLãWDVHJHQHULãXL]OD]QLSRGDFL
SUHPDLQWHUIHMVLPD
58
Baze podataka
73 L]PHÿX SURFHVD X VLVWHPX RGVOLNDYDMX QMLKRYX X]DMDPQX SRYH]DQRVt. Nije

SUHSRUXþOMLYR GD VH RYDNYL 73 SRMDYOMXMX X '73 QLYRD 2QL VH SRMDYOMXMX NDR
SURL]YRGGHNRPSRQRYDQMDRVQRYQLKSURFHVDQLVXLPHQRYDQLLVDPRWUHEDGDSUHGVWDYH
SRGSURFHVH NRML VH NRULVWH RG YLãH GUXJLK SRGSURFHVD QD LVWRP QLYRX GHNRPSR]LFLMH
RGJRYDUDMX SURFHVLPD X VWHUHRWLSVNRM uses YH]L X GLMDJUDPLPD VOXþDMHYD NRULãüHQMD
80/
8 GHNRPSRQRYDQMX '73 WRNRYL SRGDWDND PRUDMX ELWL NRQ]LVWHQWQL SRþHYãL RG

NRQWHNVWXDOQLK GLMDJUDPD GR QDMNRQNUHWQLMLK '73 .RQYHQFLMD MH GD VH QH VPHMX
SRMDYLWL QRYL 73 X SURFHVX GHNRPSR]LFLMH $NR MH WR QXåQR SRWUHEQR MH DåXULUDWL
GLMDJUDPHQDYLãLPQLYRLPDRSãWRVWL
6NODGLãWD SRGDWDND SUHGVWDYOMDMX HOHPHQWH VLVWHPD X NRMLPD VH SRGDFL þXYDMX

Slika 5.136NODGLãWHSRGDWDNDQHSUHGVWDYOMDED]XSRGDWDNDQLWLWDEHOXXED]L8RYRM
ID]LDQDOL]HVLVWHPDVNODGLãWDVDPRWUHEDGDLVWDNQXJUXSLVDQMHSRGDWDND
STUDENTI SK_REZERVACIJE
Slika 5.13: 3ULPHUVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND
=DUD]OLNXRGLQWHUIHMVDVLPEROVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDMHSUDYRXJDRQLNNRMLQHPDERþQH
VWUDQLFH ,PHQD VNODGLãWD VX RELþQR PQRåLQH LPHQLFD – HQWLWHWD NRML JUXSLãX VURGQH
podatke. Na SULPHUVNODGLãWHSTUDENTI PRåHGDREXKYDWDQHVDPRRVQRYQHSRGDWNH
VWXGHQDWD LPH L SUH]LPH MPEJ EURM LQGHNVD YHü L GHWDOMQLMH SRGDWNH JRGLQD
VWXGLMD UH]XOWDWL LVSLWD VPHU-QDVWDYQD JUXSDýHVWR VH QD]LYLPD VNODGLãWD GRGDMH
SUHILNVSK koji još YLãHLVWLþHUD]OLNXXRGQRVXQDLQWHUIHMVH,VWLFDQMHUD]OLNHL]PHÿX
VNODGLãWD L LQWHUIHMVD QLMH QHRSUDYGDQR QD SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUX Slika 5.12 SRVWRML
LQWHUIHMVCITALAC i skladište CITAOCI8SUDNVLMHþHVWVOXþDMGDLQWHUIHMVLLVNODGLãWD
LPDMX VOLþQH QD]LYH WDNR GD MH SRåHOMQR VYDNR QDVWRMDQMH LVWLFDQMD UD]OLNH QD
GLMDJUDPLPDQDUDYQRXRNYLULPDNRQYHQFLMHR]QDþDYDQMD
5.2.1 Kontekstualni dijagrami
0RGHORYDQMH SRVORYQLK SURFHVD ]DSRþLQMH NRQWHNVWXDOQLP GLMDJUDPRP

.RQWHNVWXDOQL GLMDJUDP MH WDNDY GLMDJUDP WRNRYD SRGDWDND QD NRPH MH FHORNXSDQ
VLVWHPSULND]DQNDRMHGDQSURFHV- crna kutija Slika 5.14
59
Baze podataka
BIBLIOTEKAR
PODACI_CLANA
SPISAK_KNJIGA_ZA_NAROD_BIBL_SRBIJE
SIGNATURA_KNJIGE
PRIJAVA_ZA_UPIS OTPREMNICA
UPISNINA POTVRDA_O_PRIM_KNJIGAMA
CLANSKA_KARTA
OTPREMNICA_POKLONJENE_KNJIGE
CLANOVI REVERS IS_BIBLIOTEKE

IS_BIBLI
IBLIOOTEKE KATALOG_TRAZNJA DOBAVLJACI
KATALOG_PONUDA
RAZDUZIVANJE
OTPREMNICA_PRIM_KNJIGE
LISNI_KATALOG
OTPREMNICA_PREDATE_KNJIGE
PARAMETRI_PRETRAGE
REZULTATI_PRETRAZIVANJA
ZAHTEV_ZA_PRODUZENJE_ROKA_ZADUZENJA
OPOMENA
Slika 5.14: 3ULPHUGLMDJUDPDNRQWHNVWD
7HåLãQL ]DGDWDN NRQWHNVWXDOQRJ GLMDJUDPD MH GHILQLVDQMH VYLK LQWHUIHMVD VD NRMLPD
VLVWHP NRPXQLFLUD NDR L WRNRYD SRGDWDND NRML þLQH WX NRPXQLNDFLMX 8 SRþHWNX MH
QDMþHãüH QHPRJXüH GHILQLVDWL VYH LQWHUIHMVH L WRNRYH SRGDWDND ,QLFLMDOQL VDGUåDM
NRQWHNVWXDOQRJ GLMDJUDPD WUHED GD REXKYDWL RVQRYQH WRNRYH L VSROMQMH HQWLWHWH 8
NDVQLMLP ID]DPD GHNRPSR]LFLMH '73 MH PRJXüH QDNQDGQR GRGDWL QRYH LQWHUIHMVH L
WRNRYHSRGDWDNDVQDSRPHQRPGDPRUDELWL]DGUåDQDNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWGHNRPSRQRYDQLK
'73 X RGQRVX QD NRQWHNVWXDOQL GLMDJUDP – sYL LQWHUIHMVL L WRNRYL SRGDWDND NRML VH
NRULVWHXGHNRPSRQRYDQMXPRUDMXELWLQDGLMDJUDPXNRQWHNVWD
1DSUHWKRGQRPSULPHUXSlika 5.14SULND]DQMHNRPSOHWDQNRQWHNVWXDODQGLMDJUDP

]DLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHPELEOLRWHNH0RåHVHXRþLWLGDSRVWRMLPDOLEURMLQWHUIHMVDLYHOLNL
EURM WRNRYD SRGDWDND 1DMþHãüH JUHãNH X RYRM ID]L GHNRPSRQRYDQMD MH GRGDYDQMH
LQWHUIHMVD NRML SUHGVWDYOMDMX GHR VLVWHPD D QH VSROMQL REMHNDW V NRMLP VLVWHP
NRPXQLFLUD 2YDM NRQWHNVWXDOQL GLMDJUDP VDGUåL LQWHUIHMV bibliotekar NRML VH QDL]JOHG
PRåHUD]PDWUDWLNDRGHRVLVWHPD2ELþQR]DEXQDGROD]L]ERJWRJDãWRVXHQWLWHWLNDR
ELEOLRWHNDU ]DLVWD GHR VWYDUQRJ VLVWHPD 0HÿXWLP ELEOLRWHNDUD QLNDNR QH PRåHPR
VPDWUDWL GHORP LQIRUPDFLRQRJ VLVWHPD ELEOLRWHNH YHü JD UD]PDWUDPR NDR VSROMQL
REMHNDWNRMLQDSULPHU]DKWHYDGDVHSULMDYLSULOLNRPSRþLQMDQMDNRULãüHQMD,6RGQRVQR
RGMDYL SULOLNRP ]DYUãHWND NRULãüHQMD VLVWHPD Bibliotekar QLMH VXEMHNDW koji vrši
UHJLVWURYDQMHQRYLKþODQRYDLNRMLL]GDMHNQMLJHQDNRULãüHQMHþODQRYLPD– WHDNWLYQRVWL
VXRGJRYRUQRVWVLVWHPD
60
Baze podataka
5.2.2 'LMDJUDPWRNDSRGDWDNDQLYRD
1DNRQ NUHLUDQMD NRQWHNVWXDOQRJ GLMDJUDPD VOHGL QMHJRYD GHNRPSR]LFLMD NUR]

GLMDJUDPH WRNRYD SRGDWDND Slika 5.15 7HåLãWH '73 QLYRD MH LGHQWLILNDFLMD
osnovnih SRVORYQLK SURFHVD NRML VH GHãDYDMX X VLVWHPX L GLVWULEXLUDQMH 73 L]PHÿX
LQWHUIHMVDLSURFHVD3ULNUHLUDQMX'73QLYRDWUHEDLPDWLXYLGXYDåQHþLQMHQLFH
x 0RUDMXELWLSULND]DQLVYL73NRMLüHVHSRMDYOMLYDWLQDGHWDOMQLMLP'73NRMLVX
SURL]YRGLGHNRPSRQRYDQMD'73QLYRD
x 0RUDMXELWLSULND]DQLVYLLQWHUIHMVLNRMLüHVHSRMDYOMLYDWLQD GHWDOMQLMLP'73L
x 1H PRUDMX ELWL SULND]DQD VYD VNODGLãWD L SRVORYQL SURFHVL MHU VH PRJX
GHNRPSRQRYDWL
1.UPRAVLJANJE
1.UPRAVL
VLJJANJE
PODACIMA DOKTORA
PODACIM
PODA CIMA DOKTORA
RA
ZAHTEV_ZA_ANGAZOV
DOSTUPNOST
PACJJENT ZAHTEV_ZA_PREGLED DOKTORI
SLOBODNI_TERMINI SPISAK_PREGLEDA
DOKTOR
2.ZAKAZIVANJE
2.ZAKAZIVANJE
ZIV
PREGLEDA
PREGLEDA
PR
PODACI_ZA_ZDR_KARTON
BR_ZDR_KARTONA
PACIJENTI
PREGLEDI
3.UPRAVLJANJE
3U
3.UPRAVL JANJE
LJA
PODACIMA
PODA
ODACIMA
PACIJENATA
PACIJENATA
Slika 5.15: 3ULPHU'73QLYRD]D,6PHGLFLQVNHNOLQLNH
3UREOHPVXGDNOHWRNRYLSRGDWDNDMHUXVOXþDMXYHOLNRJEURMD'73QLYRDSRVWDMH
YUOR QHSUHJOHGDQ 7R MH LQGLNDWRU GD MH VLVWHP NRML VH PRGHOXMH PHWRGDPD 66$ -
SUHJORPD]DQ8WRPVOXþDMXUHãHQMHMHGDVHLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHPXVDPRPSRþHWNXGHOL
QD YLãH NRPSRQHQWL – QH]DYLVQLK VRIWYHUVNLK PRGXOD 7DNR üH QD SULPHU ,6 YHOLNRJ
61
Baze podataka
PHÿXQDURGQRJ KRWHOVNRJ VLVWHPD ELWL SRGHOMHQ QD ,6 ]D UH]HUYDFLMH ,6 RGUåDYDQMD L
QDEDYNH ,6 YRÿHQMD NDGURYVNRJ VHNWRUD ,6 ]D RGUåDYDQMH EH]EHGQRVWL 7HN RQGD MH
PRJXüD66$WDNYLKVLVWHPDNUR]PRGHORYDQMHSRMHGLQDþQLKNRPSRQHQWL
5.2.3 .RPSOHWDQSULPHUGHNRPSR]LFLMHNUR]'73
8 RYRP SRJODYOMX ELüH RSLVDQD GHNRPSR]LFLMD '73 MHGQRJ VSROMQRWUJRYLQVNRJ

SUHGX]HüD =DSRþLQMH VH NRQWHNVWXDOQLP GLMDJUDPRP .RQWHNVWXDOQL GLMDJUDP
predstavlja sisWHP NDR crnu kutiju NRMD LQWHUDJXMH VD RNUXåHQMHP LQWHUIHMVLPD
SRVUHGVWYRPWRNRYDSRGDWDNDSlika 5.16
UPLATA Banka
FAKT_DOB
Dobavljac
OTPREMNICA_DOB
IZVOD
PRILIV DEVIZA
IZVEŠTAJ O NAPLATI
NARUDZBENICA_DOB
UGOVOR_DOB
IS spoljnotrgovinskog
OTPREMNICA_KUP
preduzeca
FAKTURA_KUP
CARINSKA_FAKTURA
UGOVOR_KUP
JCI
ZAHTEV ZA CARINJENJE
NARUDZBENICA_KUP
Kupac
Carina
Slika 5.16: .RQWHNVWXDOQLGLMDJUDP]D,6VSROMQRWUJRYLQVNRJSUHGX]HüD
62
Baze podataka
7HåLãWHPRGHORYDQMDQDNRQWHNVWXDOQRPGLMDJUDPXMHGHILQLVDQMHLQWHUIHMVDLWRNRYD
SRGDWDND 3RVWRMH þHWLUL RVQRYQD HQWLWHWD V NRMLPD SUHGX]HüH NRMH VH EDYL VSROMQRP
WUJRYLQRPLQWHUDJXMHGREDYOMDþNXSDFFDULQDi banka. 'REDYOMDþLLNXSFLPRJXELWL
iz zePOMHLOLLQRVWUDQVWYD1DEDYFLUREHSUHWKRGLXJRYDUDQMHVDGREDYOMDþHPNDNREL
VHSUDYQR]DãWLWLOHREHVWUDQHLNDNRELQDEDYNDL]LQRVWUDQVWYDXSURFHVXFDULQMHQMDELOD
UD]PDWUDQD NDR OHJDOQD 6DPD QDEDYND VH RGYLMD NUR] GREUR SR]QDWH 73 GREDYOMDþ
dobiMD QDUXGåEHQLFX GRNXPHQW ]D QDUXþLYDQMHUREHQD RVQRYX NRMHLVSRUXþXMH UREX
X] IDNWXUX QRYþDQD YUHGQRVW QDUXGåEH NRML PRGHORYDQR SUHGX]HüH PRUD GD SODWL L
RWSUHPQLFX GRNXPHQW NRML SUDWL SRUXGåELQX L QD RVQRYX NRJD VH YUãL SURYHUD
NRPSOHWQRVWL L LVSUDYQRVWL SULVWLJOH UREH RYDM GRNXPHQW VH GDOMH PRåH NRULVWLWL ]D
UHJXOLVDQMHVNODGLãWHQMDUREH
8 VOXþDMX GD URED SULVWLJQH L] LQRVWUDQVWYD RQD VH QDMSUH FDULQL 3UHGX]HüH NRMH
XYR]L UREX SRGQRVL FDULQL zahtev za carinjanje. 7DNRÿH SRGQRVL VH GRNXPHQW JCI
MHGLQVWYHQD FDULQVND LVSUDYD NRML SUHGVWDYOMD GHNODUDFLMX VD SRGDFLPD R SRUHNOX
QDPHQL VDVWDYX NROLþLQL L YUHGQRVWL QDUXGåELQH NRMD VH FDULQL ,QWHUIHMV carina
LVSRVWDYOMDSUHGX]HüXIDNWXUX]DXSODWXL]QRVDFDULQHQDXYH]HQXUREX
1DNRQQDEDYNHLFDULQMHQMDUREDVHPRåHSURGDYDWL3URFHVLQDEDYNHLSURGDMHVX
YHRPDVOLþQL– VDPRMHXORJDSUHGX]HüDSURPHQMHQDSUHPDGREDYOMDþLPDSUHGX]HüH
MHNXSDFDSUHPDNXSFLPDRQRSURGDMHUREX3RãWRVHSUHGX]HüHEDYLYHOHSURGDMRP
NXSRYLQD VH XJRYDUD NDR L SULOLNRP QDEDYNH 1DNRQ XJRYDUDQMD NXSRYLQD ]DSRþLQMH
QDUXþLYDQMHP]DWLPVOHGLLVSRUXNDUREHX]IDNWXUXLRWSUHPQLFXýHVWDJUHãNDNRMDVH
MDYOMDXRYRPVOXþDMXGDVXWRNRYLSRGDWDNDSUHPDGREDYOMDþLPDLNXSFLPDLGHQWLþQR
LPHQRYDQL 0RUD VH QD]QDþLWL UD]OLND QSr faktura_dob i faktura_kup. Ovo je
QHRSKRGQR MHU LDNR VX VWUXNWXUH RYLK GRNXPHQDWD JRWRYR LGHQWLþQH PRGHORYDQR
SUHGX]HüH VH QDOD]L X UD]OLþLWLP XORJDPD X RGQRVX QD VYRMH NOLMHQWH GREDYOMDþH L
NXSFH
8 SURFHVX PRGHORYDQMD QH VDPR GD WUHED X]HWL VWYDUQR VWDQMH L IXQNFLRQLVDQMH
VLVWHPD 3RåHOMQR MH YHü X ID]L 66$ RPRJXüLWL SURãLUHQMH L SREROMãDQMH NYDOLWHWD
GHODWQRVWLNRMRPVHSUHGX]HüHEDYL73QDEDYNHLSURGDMHPRJXELWLSURãLUHQLXVPLVOX
SRYHüDQMD NYDOLWHWD XVOXJD 1D SULPHU 73 – katalog_dobavljaca RPRJXüDYD EROML
NYDOLWHWSURFHVDQDEDYNH$NRSRVWRMHNDWDOR]LGREDYOMDþDNRMLVDGUåHDåXUQHSRGDWNH
,6 PRåH QD RVQRYX ]DGDWLK NULWHULMXPD GDWL SUHGORJ ]D QDMRSWLPDOQLMX QDEDYNX QSU
XNUãWDQMHNULWHULMXPDFHQDLVSRUXNDJDUDQFLMVNLSHULRGSRVWJDUDQFLMVNRRGUåDYDQMH
,VWLWDNRNDWDORJSUHPDNXSFLPDüHVLJXUQRRPRJXüLWLNXSFLPDGDRGDEHUXUREXNRMD
LPQDMYLãHRGJRYDUDnajbolja reklama je preporuka kupca drugima
8 SRVORYDQMX IL]LþNLK L SUDYQLK OLFD VYD SODüDQMD RGYLMDMX VH SUHNR SRVORYQLK
EDQDND 7DNR GD MH RYDM LQWHUIHMV JRWRYR QH]DRELOD]DQ X PRGHORYDQMX SRVORYQLK
VLVWHPD ýHVWD JUHãND X PRGHORYDQMX MH GD SODüDQMD L SRWUDåLYDQMD SRVWRMH DOL VH
LVNOMXþXMH XORJD EDQNH YHü VH XPHVWR QMH SRMDYOMXMX NRQNUHWQL SRWUDåLRFL X QDãHP
VOXþDMX WR VX GREDYOMDþL FDULQD SRUHVND XSUDYD %DQND SUHGVWDYOMD LQWHUIHMV NRML
63
Baze podataka
SRVUHGXMHL]PHÿXVWUDQDNRMHXþHVWYXMXXQRYþDQLPWUDQVDNFLMDPD3UHGX]HüHXEDQFL
L]PLUXMHVYDQRYþDQDGDYDQMDSUHNR73uplata%DQNDSUHGX]HüXGRVWDYOMDSHULRGLþQR
LOL SR SURPHQL UD]OLþLWH YUVWH L]YHãWDMD NRML PX RPRJXüDYDMX XSUDYOMDQMH YODVWLWLP
QRYþDQLPVUHGVWYLPDizvod, priliv deviza, izveštaj o naplati
Banka
UPLATA
IZVOD
PRILIV DEVIZA
IZVEŠTAJ O NAPLATI
4.PLACANJE
Dobavljac
OTPREMNICA_DOB
FAKT_DOB
DOBAVLJACI
NARUDZBENICA_DOB
UGOVOR_DOB KUPCI
1.NABAVKA
ARTIKLI
3.PRODAJA
CAR_FAKTURE
OTPREMNICA_KUP
FAKTURA_KUP
DOBAVLJACI*
UGOVOR_KUP
2.CARINJENJE
NARUDZBENICA_KUP
Kupac
JCI
ZAHTEV ZA CARINJENJE
CARINSKA_FAKTURA
Carina
Slika 5.17: '73QLYRD]D,6VSROMQRWUJRYLQVNRJSUHGX]HüD
64
Baze podataka
7HåLãWH NRG PRGHORYDQMD '73 QLYRD Slika 5.17 MH QD GHILQLVDQMX RVQRYQLK
SRVORYQLK SURFHVD L SULGUXåLYDQMX WRNRYD SRGDWDND WLP SURFHVLPD 1D RYRP QLYRX
GHNRPSRQRYDQMD VH SRMDYOMXMX L VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND NRMD VDPR WUHED GD LVWDNQX
JUXSLVDQMH SRGDWDND ,6 VSROMQRWUJRYLQVNRJ SUHGX]HüD VDGUåL þHWLUL RVQRYQD SRVORYQD
SURFHVDnabavka, carinjenje, prodaja i SODüDQMH.
3URFHVnabavke REXKYDWDLQWHUDNFLMHVLVWHPDVDGREDYOMDþLPDSURFHVcarinjenja – s
FDULQRP SURFHV prodaje REXKYDWD 73 RG L ND NXSFLPD L SURFHV SODüDQMH REXKYDWD
LQWHUDNFLMH SUHPD EDQFL 0RJX VH XRþLWL VNODGLãWD þLML QD]LYL LPSOLFLUDMX NRMH YUVWH
SRGDWDND VDGUåH 3URFHV FDULQMHQMD LQWHUDJXMH VD VNODGLãWHP dobavljaci, NRMH MH SXW
SULND]DQR QD LVWRP GLMDJUDPX .RSLMD MH R]QDþHQD ]YH]GLFRP L QD WDM QDþLQ VX
L]EHJQXWD SUHVHFDQMD73 QD GLMDJUDPX 6NODGLãWD VX VD SURFHVLPD SRYH]DQD LQWHUQLP
QHLPHQRYDQLP733RGUD]XPHYDVHGDVXWLWRNRYLXSRWSXQRVWLRSLVDQLVSROMQLP73
L]PHÿXSURFHVDLLQWHUIHMVD
=DWLP VH YUãL GHNRPSR]LFLMD RVQRYQLK SRVORYQLK SURFHVD 3URFHV QDEDYNH VH
GHNRPSRQXMHQDSRGSURFHVDSlika 5.18narucivanje, prijem_robe i skladistenje.
NARUDZBENICA_DOB
UGOVOR_DOB 1.1 NARUCIVANJE
UGOVORI_DOB PRIJEMNICE
ARTIKLI
DOBAVLJACI
Dobavljac
FAKTURE_DOB
1.3 SKLADISTENJE
FAKT_DOB 1.2 PRIJEM_ROBE

OTPREMNICA_DOB
Slika 5.18: '73QLYRD]DSURFHVQDEDYNH
7DNRÿH SRMDYLOD VX VH QRYD VNODGLãWD NRMD RPRJXüDYDMX RGYDMDQMH RVQRYQLK
SRGDWDND GREDYOMDþD RG WHNXüLK SRGDWND SURFHVD QDEDYNH 6YL WRNRYL SRGDWDND VX
]DGUåDQLLNRQ]LVWHQWQLVD73QD'73QLYRD1RYLQDQDRYRPGLMDJUDPXMHGLUHNWQD
YH]D GYD SURFHVD prijem robe i skladistenje 3URFHV skladistenje QHPD QL MHGQX
GLUHNWQX YH]X VD QHNLP VSROMQLP LQWHUIHMVRP DOL ]DWR RPRJXüDYD GHWDOMQLMH VQLPDQMH
SURFHVD NRMLVHRGYLMDMXXQXWDUVLVWHPDSULQDEDYFLUREH6NODGLãWHQMHQD'73QH]QDþL
65
Baze podataka
IL]LþNR VPHãWDQMH UREH X VNODGLãQL SURVWRU YHü QMHQR HYLGHQWLUDQMH R]QDþDYDQMH L

RGUHÿLYDQMH PHVWD JGH üHVH URED þXYDWL 1D RVQRYX VWDQMD ]DOLKD ,6 PRåH GD RGUHGL
kada i kolLNRMHUREHSRWUHEQR]DQHRPHWDQRSRVORYDQMHSUHGX]HüD
,] GLMDJUDPD VH PRåH XRþLWL GD ]D SUHGVWDYOMDQMH 73 QLMH REDYH]QR NRULVWLWL
LVNOMXþLYRNULYHLOLL]ORPOMHQHOLQLMH0RJXüHLKMHNRPELQRYDWLXFLOMXSRVWL]DQMDãWR
EROMHSUHJOHGQRVWLLMDVQRüHGLMDJUDPD
5.3 5(ý1,.32'$7$.$
1DNRQ ]DYUãHWND GHNRPSRQRYDQMD '73 SRVWRMH VYLSRWUHEQL XVORYL ]D GHILQLVDQMH

UHþQLND SRGDWDND 5HþQLN SRGDWDND SUHGVWDYOMD VNXS podataka o podacima koji se
NRULVWH X DQDOL]LUDQRP VLVWHPX 7R VX JHQHUDOL]RYDQL SRGDFL þHVWR X OLWHUDWXUL ]YDQL
metapodacima PHWDGDWD5HþQLNSRGDWDNDREXKYDWDWULFHOLQH
x 2SLVVWUXNWXUDSRGDWDNDNRMHVHNRULVWHXWRNRYLPDSRGDWDND
x 2SLVSROMDGHILQLVDQLKQDGSRGDFLPDL
x 2SLVGRPHQD
5.3.1 Definisanje struktura
3RGDFL NRML VH SRMDYOMXMX X LQWHUDNFLMDPD '73 L]PHÿX LQWHUIHMVD L SURFHVD VX
QDMþHãüH VWUXNWXLUDQL 8]URN WRPH MH þLQMHQLFD GD X VHEL VDGUåH HOHPHQWDUQH SRGDWNH
UD]OLþLWLKRVQRYQLKWLSRYDWHNVWXDOQHFHOREURMQHUHDOQLEURMHYLDNRMLVXQHUD]GYRMQR
YH]DQL – L]RORYDQL QHPDMX QLNDNYR ]QDþHQMH 1D SULPHU SRMHGLQDþQL SRGDFL VPHU
RFHQH SRORåHQLK LVSLWD QHPDMX NRQNUHWDQ LQIRUPDFLRQL ]QDþDM DNR QLVX REMHGLQMHQL X
MHGLQVWYHQRM VWUXNWXUL – student, NDGD GRELMDMX VDVYLP GUXJX VHPDQWLNX – SRVWDMX
SRGDFLNRQNUHWQRJVWXGHQWD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
,63,71$B35,-$9$
678'(17! ,63,7! ,63,7,9$&! 35('6('1,.B .20,6,-(!
%52-B32.86$-$!
ISPITNI_SPISAK
,63,7!,63,7,9$&!35('6('1,.B.20,6,-(!^678'(17!`!
5(=8/7$7,B,63,7$
,63,7!^-(',1$&1,B5(=8/7$7!`!
ISPIT
'$780B,6335('0(7!
66
Baze podataka
-(',1$&1,B5(=8/7$7
678'(17!2&(1$!
STUDENT
262%$!,1'(.6!!
262%$
,0(35(=,0(-0%*!
INDEKS
*2',1$B83,6$3,1'2'$712B2%(/(=-(6(0(67$5!!
6(0(67$5
5%5B6(0(675$'$780B83,6$!
35('6('1,.B.20,6,-(
,63,7,9$&!!
ISPITIVAC
262%$!1$8&12B=9$1-( 1$67$912B=9$1-( >,'B=$326/(12*
%5B8*2925$@!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Slika 5.19: 3ULPHUGHILQLVDQMDVWUXNWXUDXUHþQLNXSRGDWDND
1D SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUX Slika 5.19 VWUXNWXUH VXLPHQRYDQH EROGLUDQH DQMLKRY

VDGUåDM SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH XJODVWLP ]DJUDGDPD < > 0RåH VH XRþLWL GD VWUXNWXUD X VHEL
VDGUåLGUXJXXJQMHåGHQXVWUXNWXUX1DSULPHUStudent MHVWUXNWXUDNRMDVHVDVWRMLRG
VWUXNWXUHOsoba i Indeks6WUXNWXUHPRJXVDGUåDWLLQDEURMLYHHOHPHQWHQDEUDMDQMD-
enumerations 7DNR QD SULPHU VWUXNWXUD Ispitni_spisak VDGUåL OLVWX VWXGHQDWD ãWR MH
QRWLUDQR NRULãüHQMHP YLWLþDVWLK ]DJUDGD { } 6WUXNWXUH PRJX VDGUåDWL L RSFLRQH
HOHPHQWH 7R VX HOHPHQWL NRML VH PRJX DOWHUQDWLYQR NRULVWLWL 1D SULPHU VWUXNWXUD
Ispitivac VDGUåLGYDRSFLRQDHOHPHQWD– id_zaposlenog i broj_ugovora6HPDQWLNDRYLK
HOHPHQWD MH GD DNR MH LVSLWLYDþ VWDOQR ]DSRVOHQ X SURVYHWQRM XVWDQRYL RQGD RQ LPD
LGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURM$NRLVWLQLMHVWDOQR]DSRVOHQGDELELRXVWDWXVXLVSLWLYDþDPRUD
GD EXGH RYODãüHQ ãWR VH UHJXOLãH XJRYRURP L]PHÿX X IDNXOWHWD L LVSLWLYDþD 1RWDFLMD
RSFLRQLKHOHPHQDWDYUãLVHSUDYRXJDRQLP]DJUDGDPD[].
1D SULPHUX Slika 5.19 SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH ]DYUãHQ UHþQLN SRGDWDND 2VQRYQR QDþHOR
SUL GHILQLVDQMX VWUXNWXUDMH GD svi podaci koji se vezano višestruko pojavljuju na više
PHVWDXUHþQLNXWUHEDGDVHJUXSLãXXLPHQRYDQXVWUXNWXUu1DWDMQDþLQRODNãDYDVH
PRGLILNDFLMDVLVWHPDMHUDNRL]PHQLPRSRGDWDNXVWUXNWXULWDSURPHQDüHVHRGUD]LWL
QD VYH L]YHGHQH VWUXNWXUH NRML WX VWUXNWXUX NRULVWH 1D SULPHU DNR VH SURPHQL QDþLQ
67
Baze podataka
GDYDQMDEURMDLQGHNVDQDIDNXOWHWXWRüHPRXUDGLWLsamo QDMHGQRPPHVWX– XVWUXNWXUL

indeks 7D PDOD SURPHQD üH VH RGUD]LWL PHÿXWLP QD VYH VWUXNWXUH NRML X VHEL VDGUåH
indeks1DL]JOHGXJRUQMHPSULPHUXWRMHVDPRVWUXNWXUDStudent$OLSURPHQDMHGDNOH
L X VWUXNWXUDPD NRMH NRULVWH VWUXNWXUX STUDENT: ISPITNA_PRIJAVA,
ISPITNI_SPISAK, REZULTATI_ISPITA, JEDINACNI_REZULTAT !
'D EURM LQGHNVD QLMH GHILQLVDQ NDR VWUXNWXUD DGPLQLVWUDWRU SRGDWDND VLVWHPD EL
PRUDRGDLVWXL]PHQXL]YUãLQDVYLPPHVWLPDJGHVHSRMDYOMXMXSRGDFLLQGHNVDãWR]D
NRPSOHNVQLMHVLVWHPHPRåHGDSUHGVWDYOMDSUREOHP
5.3.2 'HILQLVDQMHSROMD
3ROMD VX ]DSUDYR RVQRYQLSRGDFL L] NRMLK VX VDþLQMHQH VWUXNWXUH NRMH VX RSLVDQH X
SUHWKRGQRP SDUDJUDIX 3ROMD VH GHILQLãX WDNR ãWR LP VH GRGHOMXMH QD]LY GRPHQ QDG
NRMLPVXGHILQLVDQDLRJUDQLþHQMD
1$=,932/-$ '20(1 2*5$1,&(1-(

'$780B,63 '$7(
'$780B83,6$ '$7(
*2',1$B83,6$ ,17
,0( NAZIV
35(=,0( NAZIV
35('0(7 NAZIV
2&(1$ ,17 ,1
5%5B6(0(675$ ,17 ,1
PIN ,'(17,),.$&,-$
,'B=$326/(12* ,'(17,),.$&,-$
%5B8*2925$ ,'(17,),.$&,-$
'2'$712B2%(/(=-( &+$5 ,1,,,,,,9
,163(&,-$/,67$
1$8&12B=9$1-( NAZIV '2.7250$*,67$5
',3/,1*
,15('291,352)(625
9$15('1,352)(625
1$67$91,&.2B=9$1-( NAZIV '2&(17
$6,67(17$6,67(17
35,35$91,.
Slika 5.20: 3ULPHUGHILQLVDQMDSROMDXUHþQLNXSRGDWDND
68
Baze podataka
1DJRUQMHPSULPHUX6OLNDXSUYRMNRORQLPRJXVHXRþLWLQD]LYLSROMDNRMLVH

SRGXGDUDMXVDQD]LYLPDRVQRYQLKSRGDWDNDXVWUXNWXUDPDLVWRJUHþQLNDSRGDWDNDSlika
5.19
'RPHQL VX SUHGVWDYOMHQL X LVWRLPHQRM NRORQL 7R VX VNXSRYL GHILQLVDQL QDG
RVQRYQLP LOL L]YHGHQLP WLSRYLPD SRGDWND 1DG GRPHQLPD VX GHILQLVDQD SROMD 2YD
LQGLUHNFLMDSROMH!GRPHQ!WLSRPRJXüDYDGDVHSRGDFLSUHFL]QRGHILQLãX'RPHQL
PRJXELWL
x 3UHGHILQLVDQL – GHILQLVDQL QDG RVQRYQLP LOL L]YHGHQLP VLVWHPVNLP WLSRYLPD

QSU INT- FHOL EURM RVQRYQL WLS, DATE – GDWXPVNL WLS L]YHGHQ NRML MH
LPSOHPHQWLUDQXVYLPVDYUHPHQLPVLVWHPLPD]DXSUDYOMDQMH%3&+$5 –
NDUDNWHUVNLQL]L]YHGHQWLSLOL
x .RULVQLþNLGHILQLVDQGRPHQYLGLVOHGHüLSDUDJUDI
8WUHüRMNRORQLVXRJUDQLþHQMDNRMDSUHFL]QRGHILQLãXRSVHJHVNXSRYHLOLLQWHUYDOH
XNRMLPDVHYUHGQRVWLSRGDWDNDPRJXNUHWDWL8SULPHUXSlika 5.20PRåHVHXRþLWLGD
QLMH PRJXüH GHILQLVDWL RJUDQLþHQMD QDG VYLP SROMLPD 1HPRJXüH MH RJUDQLþLWL VSLVDN
LPHQD SUH]LPHQD VWXGHQDWD LOL XQDSUHG GHILQLVDWL NRQDþDQ VNXS SUHGPHWD NRML üH VH
UHDOL]RYDWL QD IDNXOWHWX 6 GUXJH VWUDQH QXåQR MH RJUDQLþLWL VNXS PRJXüLK RFHQD NRMH
VWXGHQW PRåH GD GRELMH ýHVW VOXþDM L] VUHGQMRãNROVNH SUDNVH MH GD QDVWDYQLFL SRUHG
RFHQDXGQHYQLNHXSLVXMXWDþNHSOXVHYHPLQXVH=DPLVOLWH,6NRMLGR]YROMDYDWDNYH
XQRVH L NDNYH SRVOHGLFH EL WR LPDOR X SURUDþXQLPD SRMHGLQDþQLK L ]ELUQLK XVSHKD
XþHQLNDVWXGHQDWD ,VWR WDNR XYRÿHQMHP RJUDQLþHQMD QD QDXþQD L QDVWDYQLþND ]YDQMD
RQHPRJXüDYDQHRYODãüHQRGHILQLVDQMHLGRGHOMLYDQMHQRYLKQHSRVWRMHüLKLQHSURSLVQLK
WLWXOD L ]YDQMD 6XãWLQD RJUDQLþHQMD MH GD RJUDQLþL NRULVQLþNL XQRV QD ]DGDWH
YUHGQRVWLLQWHUYDOHLWLPHVDþXYDMXNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWSRGDWDND
5.3.3 Definisanje domena
'RPHQL PRJX ELWL SUHGHILQLVDQL LOL NRULVQLþNL GHILQLVDQL .RULVQLþNL GHILQLVDQL

GRPHQL VX uvek L]YHGHQL NRULVQLN MH X RYRP VOXþDMX DQDOLWLþDUGL]DMQHU VLVWHPD =D
RYXYUVWXGRPHQDPRåHVHQDüLQD]LYVHPDQWLþNL ãWR]QDþLGDVHQMLKRYLPGHILQLVDQMHP
VHEOLåHRGUHÿXMHVPLVDRSRGDWDNDSROMDNRMDJDNRULVWHXVYRMRMGHILQLFLML8SULPHUX
VX QDYHGHQD L]YHGHQD GRPHQD IDENTIFIKACIJA i NAZIV Slika 5.21 Naziv
GRPHQDMHVHPDQWLþNLMHUXND]XMHQDUD]ORJGHILQLVDQMD VYLQD]LYLLLPHQDXVLVWHPX
NRULVWH X GHILQLFLML GRPHQ naziv GRPHQ identifikacija QDPHQMHQ MH MHGQR]QDþQRP
RGUHÿLYDQMXHQWLWHWDXVLVWHPX
69
Baze podataka
Slika 5.21: 3ULPHUGHILQLVDQMDGRPHQDXUHþQLNXSRGDWDND
.RULVQLþNLGRPHQLVHGHILQLãXQDGRVQRYQLPWLSRYLPDSRGDWDNDXVLWXDFLMLNDGDVH
LVWL RVQRYQL WLSRYL VD LVWLP RJUDQLþHQMLPD YLãHVWUXNRNRULVWHSUL GHILQLVDQMX SROMD 1D
JRUQMHP SULPHUX 6OLND - ,0( 35(=,0( 35('0(7 1$8&12B=9$1-(
1$67$91,&.2B=9$1-( VX SROMD GHILQLVDQD QDG LVWLP WLSRP SRGDWND L VD LVWRP
GLPHQ]LMRP&+$5,]UD]ORJDODNãHJDåXULUDQMDGHILQLVDQMHGRPHQNAZIV . Kada
NDUDNWHUD SRVWDQH PDOR ]D XQRV SRGDWDND QDYHGHQLK SROMD SURPHQRP GHILQLFLMH
GRPHQD NAZIV DXWRPDWVNL VH PHQMDMX L GHILQLFLMH SROMD NRMD VX GHILQLVDQD QDG WLP
GRPHQRP 1D SULPHU DNR VLVWHP SUHÿH VD $6&,, NRGLUDQMD SRGDWDND QD NRULãüHQMH
UTF-8 – Unicode VORYþDQRJIRUPDWDNDNRELVHSRGUåDODVORYDQDFLRQDOQLKDOIDEHWD
VYDNL$6&,,-ELWQLNDUDNWHUSRVWDMHQL]RGGR NDUDNWHUDGRELWDãWR]QDþL
GDMHSRWUHEDQGRSXWDYHüLEURMNDUDNWHUDQD]LYNRMLMHVDGUåDRNDUDNWHUD$6&,,
NRGD LPDüH GR NDUDNWHUD X 87)- IRUPDWX 'UXJL GHILQLVDQL GRPHQ MH
,'(17,),.$&,-$ 2YDM GRPHQ VH NRULVWL ]D MHGQR]QDþQR R]QDþDYDQMH REMHNDWD
LQVWDQFLVWUXNWXUDNRMLJDSRVHGXMX=ERJWRJDRQSRVHGXMHRJUDQLþHQMHNRMHLVWLþHGD
VYDNLJHQHULVDQLLGHQWLILNDWRUPRUDELWLMHGLQVWYHQXVLVWHPX
70
Baze podataka
6 5(/$&,21,02'(/32'$7$.$
RHODFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDNDSUHGVWDYOMDWHRULMVNXRVQRYX]DED]HSRGDWDNDUHODFLRQRJ
WLSD 1MHJRYL SULQFLSL L VWUXNWXUD SUHGVWDYOMHQL VX JRGLQH RG VWUDQH (GJDUD 7
Koda 3. .DVQLMLUD]YRMbaza podataka bio je SRGYHOLNLPXWLFDMHPLGHMDSUH]HQWRYDQLKX
.RGRYLP RULJLQDOQLP GHOLPD 'R GDQDV YHüLQD NRPHUFLMDOQLK '%06-RYD VH ]DVQLYD
QDUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXLDNRpostoje REMHNWQR-RUMHQWLVDQHRSFLMHNDRL1R64/ED]HþLML
MH QDVWDQDN XVORYOMHQ ]DKWHYLPD GD VH HILNDVQR SULVWXSD RJURPQLP NROLþLQDPD
podataka NRMLVHXJODYQRPRGQRVHQD,QWHUQHW.
5HODFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDNDLPDPDWHPDWLþNXSRGORJXLRPRJXüDYDHILNDVQXSRGUãNX
]D UDþXQDU 8 RVQRYL UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD MH SRMDP UHODFLMH WDEHOH NRMD LVSXQMDYD
RGUHÿHQH XVORYH. Nad rHODFLMDPD VH SULPHQMXMX RSHUDFLMH - QL] RSHUDWRUD VURGQLK
SULURGQRP MH]LNX D SURJUDPVNL MH]LFL ]D PDQLSXODFLMX UHODFLRQLP SRGDFLPD VX
]DVQRYDQLQDPDWHPDWLþNRMWHRULML– UHODFLRQRMDOJHEUL2YDþYUVWDPDWHPDWLþNDRVQRYD
]QDþL GD UHODFLRQL L]UD]L QDMþHãüH XSLWL PRJX GD VH DQDOL]LUDMX .UR] SURFHV
RSWLPL]DFLMH XSLWD VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD SRGDWDND '%06 PRåH
WUDQVIRUPLVDWL SRþHWQL XSLW X REOLN NRML MH HILNDVQLML ]D L]YUãDYDQMH 3URJUDPHUL
DSOLNDFLMDQHPRUDMXGDSR]QDMXXQXWUDãQMXRUJDQL]DFLMXED]H SRGDWDNDQLWLPRUDMXbiti
VYHVQLQDNRMLQDþLQIXQNFLRQLãHL]YUãDYDQMHXSLWD .OMXþDQNRQFHSWNRGUHODFLRQLKED]D
SRGDWDNDMHW]YWURVORMQDDUKLWHNWXUDJGHVXDSOLNDWLYQLSURJUDPLpotpXQRRGYRMHQLRG
IL]LþNH UHSUH]HQWDFLMH SRGDWDND X ED]L 2VQRYD ]D RYDNYX SUHGVWDYX MH VRIWYHUVND
NRPSRQHQWD- '%06NRMLVHSRMDYOMXMHNDRVUHGQMLVORMPHÿXVORML]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMDL
SRGDWDND QD GLVNX $SOLNDWLYQL SURJUDPHU IRUPXOLãH XSLW QD SULURGDQ QDþLQ NUR] W]Y
MH]LN YLVRNRJ QLYRD NDR ãWR MH 64/ D RGJRYDUDMXüL '%06 üH JD L]YUãLWL QD
QDMRSWLPDOQLMLQDþLQ.
6.1 ,6725,-$,5$=92-
.DR L PQRJH GUXJH WHKQRORJLMH X UDþXQDUVNRM LQGXVWULML QDVWDQDN UHODFLRQLK ED]D

podataka VHYH]XMH]D,%0.ODVLþQLSUREOHPLXUDGX60-tiK i 70-tiK JRGLQD;;YHND
RGQRVLOL VX VH QD NDQFHODULMVNR SRVORYDQMH 8 WRP SHULRGX YHOLNH RUJDQL]DFLMH VX
XYLGHOHGDSRVWDMHSUHVNXSRGD]DSRãOMDYDMXRJURPDQEURMOMXGL]DSRVORYHNDRãWRVX
VPHãWDQMHLLQGHNVLUDQMHGRNXPHQDWDLGDYUHGLXODJDWLXUD]YRMMHIWLQLMLKLHILNDVQLMLK
rHãHQMD0QRJDLVWUDåLYDQMDVXL]YHGHQDXWRNXRYRJSHULRGD5D]YLMHQLVXKLMHUDUKLMVNL
PUHåQL L UHODFLRQL PRGHO D XVDYUãDYDQMHP KDUGYHUD SRMDYRP PLNURSURFHVRUD NDR L
UD]YRMHP PHPRULMVNLK NRPSRQHQDWD UDþXQDUVND WHKQRORJLMD MH SRþHOD QDJOR GD VH
UD]YLMD 3HUIRUPDQVH QRYLK UDþXQDUD VX QHSUHVWDQR SRYHüDYDQH X] VPDQMHQMH IL]LþNLK
GLPHQ]LMDãWRMHSUDüHQRSDGRPFHQDUDþXQDUVNLKNRPSRQHQDWD
3
"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks", Kodov rad objavljen u mĞƐĞēŶŽŵŵĂŐĂǌŝŶƵ
Communications of ACM, 1970 godine.
71
Baze podataka
Rad Edgar Ted Codd-a MH GDR RVQRYH ]D NRULãüHQMH UHODFLRQRJ UDþXQD L DOJHEUH.
=ERJVDPHWHKQLþNHSULURGHUDGDLRVODQMDQMDQDPDWHPDWLþNLDSDUDWQMHJRYDYDåQRVW
QLMHRGPDKVKYDüHQD,SDNGRYHRMHGRIRUPLUDQMD,%0-RYHLVWUDåLYDþNHJUXSH6\VWHP
52GSURMHNWD6\VWHP5VHRþHNLYDORGDVWYRULVLVWHPUHODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDNDNRMLEL
PRJDRSRVWDWLSURL]YRG3UYLSURWRWLSSUH]HQWRYDQJRGLQHMHHNVSHULPHQWDOQR
NRULãüHQ X QHNROLNR RUJDQL]DFLMD .DVQLMH VX UDGQH YLãHNRULVQLþNH YHU]LMH WHVWLUDQH X
SURL]YRGQML L NQMLJRYRGVWYX X QHNROLNR DHURQDXWLþNLK NRPSDQLMD 6\VWHP 5 MH
HYROXLUDR X64/'6NRMLMHNDVQLMHSRVWDR'%VLVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQHED]DPDSRGDWDND
-H]LN NUHLUDQ X 6\VWHP-X 5 64/ Structured Query LanguageMHSRVWDR VWDQGDUG ]D
UHODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDNDLGDQDVMH,62VWDQGDUG ,DNRMH,%0XYHRRULJLQDOQLNRQFHSW
UHODFLRQLK ED]D SRGDWDND L 64/ VWDQGDUG SUYL NRPHUFLMDOQL SURL]YRG UHDOL]RYDR MH
+RQH\ZHOO X MXQX JRGLQH %LR MH ED]LUDQ QD LVWLP SULQFLSLPD NDR L ,%0-ov
VLVWHPDOLMHGL]DMQLUDQLLPSOHPHQWLUDQRGYRMHQRRG,%0-RYRJUDGD
6RIWYHU]DUHODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDNDVHNRQWLQXLUDQRXVDYUãDYDRWRNRP-WLK'HORP
SXWHP SRYUDWQLK LQIRUPDFLMD RG NXSDFD D GHORP ]ERJ UD]YRMD UDþXQDUVNLK VLVWHPD L
SRYHüDQHXSRWUHEHSHUVRQDOQLKUDþXQDUDLGLVWULEXLUDQLKVLVWHPD3UYHED]HSRGDWDNDVX
LPDOH PRJXüQRVW UDGD VD SRGDFLPD YHOLþLQH GR 0% 6LVWHP 5 'DQDãQMH ED]H
SRGDWDND PRJX ELWL L YHOLþLQH WHUDEDMWD LOL SHWDEDMWD SRGDWDND NDGD VDGUåH SRGDWNH ]D
PDLOLQJOLVWHLQIRUPDFLMHRNXSFLPD]DYHOHSURGDMQHODQFHLWG
64/ VWDQGDUG MH SUHãDR L] ,%0-D X $16, American National Standards
Institution L ,62 International Standards Organization NRML MH IRUPLUDR L UDGQX
JUXSX]DQDVWDYDNQMHJRYRJUD]YRMD2YDMUD]YRMMHMRãXYHNXWRNX
6.2 ./-8ý1,.21&(37,
8VUFXUHODFLRQRJPRGHODQDOD]LVHNRQFHSWWDEHOHNRMDVHSRGRGUHÿHQLPXVORYLPD
QD]LYDLUHODFLMDXNRMRMVXVPHãWHQLVYLSRGDFL6YDNDWDEHODMHQDþLQMHQDRGVORJRYD
UHGRYDXWDEHOLLSROMDNRORQDXWDEHOLDWULEXWD
9HRPDMHYDåQR]DSD]LWLGDNDNRLJGHVXWDEHOHVPHãWHQHQHSUDYLQLNDNYXUD]OLNX
6YDND WDEHOD VH LGHQWLILNXMH MHGLQVWYHQLP LPHQRP NRMH ED]D SRGDWDND NRULVWL GD EL
SURQDãODWDEHOX8RNYLUXMHGQHED]HSRGDWDNDQD]LYLWDEHODPRUDMXELWLXQLNDWQLNDNR
EL'%06]QDRNRMRMWDEHOLVHREUDüD.RULVQLNXMHSRWUHEQRVDPRGD]QDLPHWDEHOH
1HPD SRWUHEH GD VH YRGL UDþXQD R WRPH NDNR VX SRGDFL VPHãWHQL QD GLVNX 2YR MH
UD]OLþLWRRGKLMHUDUKLMVNRJLPUHåQRJPRGHODXNRMLPDNRULVQLNPRUDGDUD]XPHNDNR
VXSRGDFLVWUXNWXLUDQLXQXWDUED]HSRGDWDNDGDELPRJDRGDLKSUHWUDåXMHXPHüHQRYH
DåXULUDLOLEULãHVORJRYH
5HODFLRQD ED]D SRGDWDND VWDQGDUGQR VH VDVWRML L] YLãH WDEHOD ,SDN ]D UD]OLNX RG
PUHåQH ED]H SRGDWDND WDEHOH QLVX SRYH]DQH SRND]LYDþLPD 8PHVWR WRJD NRULVWH VH
ÄNOMXþHYL³GDXSDUHUHGRYHSRGDWDNDXUD]OLþLWLPWDEHODPD.OMXþPRåHELWL VDPRMHGQD
72
Baze podataka
LOL YLãH NRORQD X WDEHOL NRMD RGJRYDUD NRORQDPD X GUXJLP WDEHODPD 3UHFL]QLMH
YUHGQRVWLNRMHVHXQRVHXWDNYHNRORQHQLVXVORERGQHSRãWRVXNRORQHSRYH]DQHBilo
NRMDRGNRORQDXWDEHOLPRåHELWLNOMXþDNRLVSXQMDYDXVORYXQLNDWQRVWLDWULEXWDNRML
PRJX ELWL XQHVHQL LOL VH YLãH NRORQD PRåH JUXSLVDWL X MHGDQ NOMXþ =D UD]OLNX RG
SRND]LYDþDQLMHSRWUHEQRGDVHGHILQLãXVYLNOMXþHYLXQDSUHG.RORQDVHPRåHNRULVWLWL
NDRNOMXþþDNLDNRRULJLQDOQRQLMHELODQDPHQMHQD]DWR
.DGDNOMXþVDGUåLSRGDWNHNRMLLPDMXHNVWHUQRVWYDUQR]QDþHQMHNDRšto je ID LPH

RVREH,6%1NRGNQMLJHLOLVHULMVNLEURMDXWRPRELODWDNDYNOMXþVHQD]LYDÄSULURGQL³
NOMXþ $NR SULURGQL NOMXþ QLMH SRJRGDQ PRåH VH GRGHOLWL NOMXþ QSU GDYDQMH
LGHQWLILNDFLRQRJEURMD]DSRVOHQLPLOLUHGQLEURMXQRVDSRGDWDND8SUDNVLYHüLQDED]D
SRGDWDND LPD RED – L JHQHULVDQH YHãWDþNH L SULURGQH NOMXþHYH *HQHULVDQL NOMXþHYL
LPDMXSUHGQRVWQDGSULURGQLPNOMXþHYLPD]DWRãWRVHNRGSULURGQLKNOMXþHYDSRJRWRYR
NRGRQLKNRMLVHVDVWRMHL]YLãHDWULEXWDPRJXMDYLWLSRVHEQHIXQNFLMVNH]DYLVQRVWLNRMH
PRJX GD VPHWDMX SUL RGUåDYDQMX ED]H SRGDWDND LOL SUL SRVWDYOMDQMX XSLWD 3ULURGQL
NOMXþHYL MHVXPDQMHSRX]GDQL ali se koriste ]DSUHWUDJHLLQWHJUDFLMXVDGUXJLPED]DPD
SRGDWDND1DSULPHU]DSLVLXGYHQH]DYLVQRNUHLUDQHED]HSRGDWDNDPRJXGDVHXSDUH
SR MHGLQVWYHQRP PDWLþQRP EURMX RVLP X VOXþDMHYLPD NDGD MH -0%* SRJUHãDQ
QHGRVWDMHLOLMHSURPHQMHQ
=DKWHY]DSRGDWNRPL]UHODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDNDVHGRELMDSRVWDYOMDQMHP64/ XSLWD
,DNR MH 64/ RULJLQDOQR QDPHQMHQ ]D NUDMQMH NRULVQLNH PQRJR þHãüH VH 64/ XSLWL
XJUDÿXMXXVRIWYHUNRMLRPRJXüDYDODNãLNRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMV.DRRGJRYRUQDXSLWED]D
SRGDWDND YUDüD VNXS SRGDWDND NRML MH X VWYDUL OLVWD UHGRYD NRML VDGUåH RGJRYRU
1DMMHGQRVWDYQLMLXSLWMHGDVHGRELMXVYLUHGRYLL]WDEHOHDOLþHãüH UHGRYLVHILOWULUDMXX
VNODGXVDåHOMHQLPNULWHULMXPRP GDELVHGRELRWUDåHQLRGJRYRUýHVWRVHSRGDFLL]YLãH
WDEHOD NRPELQXMX X MHGQX NRPELQRYDQMHP ]DSLVD LOL þDN NRPELQRYDQMHP NRORQD L
QMLKRYLPVSDMDQMHPNDGDMHWRPRJXüH.
.RQFHSWUHODFLRQLKED]DSRGDWDNDMHIOHNVLELODQ.DGDMHED]DSRGDWDNDGHILQLVDQDL
UHDOL]RYDQD SURJUDPHUL QDNQDGQR PRJX GD SLãX XSLWH NRML QLVX ELOL SUHGYLÿHQL RG
VWUDQH GL]DMQHUD ED]H SRGDWDND 3UHNR SRJOHGD :,(: X RGQRVX QD VWYDUQH IL]LþNH
SRGDWNHXED]LSRGDWDNDQDGLVNXVWYDUDVHSULYLGGDDSOLNDFLMHUDGHVDVYRMLPED]DPD
9LãH SRJOHGD PRJX GD SRWLþX L] LVWH ED]H SRGDWDND .DR UH]XOWDW UHODFLRQH ED]H
SRGDWDNDPRJXGDVHNRULVWHXYLãHDSOLNDFLMDNRMHRULJLQDOQLGL]DMQHULQLVXSUHGYLGHOL
ãWR MH SRVHEQR YDåQR ]D ED]H SRGDWDND NRMH VH PRJX NRULVWLWL GHFHQLMDPD 2YR MH
PRGHOUHODFLRQLKED]DSRGDWDNDXþLQLORYHRPDSRSXODUQLPXSRVORYQRMSULPHQL
6DVWDQRYLãWDSRX]GDQRVWLLVWDELOQRVWLSRGDWDNDUHODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDNDVXXYHOH
NOMXþQHNRQFHSWH.DGDMHPRGHOED]HGREURGHILQLVDQ YHRPDMHWHãNRXQHWLSRJUHãDQ
SRGDWDND L]YUãLWL SRJUHãQR EULVDQMH LOL PHQMDQMH SRGDWDND 6YH ãWR MH VXSURWQR
GHILQLFLMLED]HSRGDWDND'%06üHRGELWLGDL]YUãLXNROLNRWRQDUXãDYDHJ]LVWHQFLMDOQL
LQWHJULWHW =ERJ WRJD MH PRGHO WM GHILQLVDQMH ED]H SRGDWDND MH RG YHOLNRJ ]QDþDMD
SRVHEQRXUHDOQRPUDGXDSOLNDFLMD
73
Baze podataka
6.3 .20321(17(85(/$&,212002'(/832'$7$.$
5HODFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDNDUD]PDWUDVOHGHüHNRPSRQHQWH:
x 6WUXNWXUQDNRPSRQHQWDobjektiHQWLWHWL
x ,QWHJULWHWVNDNRPSRQHQWDRJUDQLþHQMD]DãWLWD
x 0DQLSXODWLYQDNRPSRQHQWDDåXULUDQMHLPDQLSXOLVDQMH.
9Hü VPR UDQLMH REMDVQLOL GD UHODFLRQL PRGHO SRGDWDND QD UHDOQL VYHW JOHGD SXWHP
WDEHOD 7DEHOH X UHODFLRQRP PRGHOX QD]LYDPR UHODFLMDPD 5HGRVOHG NRORQD X UHODFLML
QLMH ELWDQ 8 MHGQRM UHODFLML QH SRVWRMH GYD LGHQWLþQD UHGD 7DEHODPD VH SUHGVWDYOMDMX
NODVHHQWLWHWDL]UHDOQRJVYHWD
6YDNL HQWLWHW SRVHGXMH VYRMVWYD 6YRMVWYD HQWLWHWD VH QD]LYDMX DWULEXWL $WULEXWLPD
GDMHPR ]QDþHQMH SRMHGLQDþQLP SRGDFLPD 5HODFLRQL PRGHO UD]OLNXMH SURVWH
MHGQRVWDYQHLVORåHQHDWULEXWH
3RMHGLQDþDQ SRGDWDN SURVW DWULEXW MH QDMPDQMD QHGHOMLYD MHGLQLFD X UHODFLRQRP

PRGHOX3RMHGLQDþQLSRGDFLVX%HRJUDG56Petar" itd. Ako bi podelili bilo koji
RG SRMHGLQDþQLK SRGDWDNDRQ ELL]JXELR SUYRELWQL VPLVDR 1D SULPHU SRGDWak "Petar"
PRåHPRGHOLWLQDVORJRYH DOLGRELMHQLVORJRYLQHPDMX]QDþHQMHNRMHMHLPDRSRGDWDN
pre podele.
6NXS VYLK PRJXüLK YUHGQRVWL QHNRJ DWULEXWD QD]LYDPR GRPHQRP DWULEXWD 6NXS
VYLK PRJXüLK JUDGRYD MH GRPHQ DWULEXWD Grad 6NXS VYLK PRJXüLK ERMD MH GRPHQ
DWULEXWDBoja LWG6YDNLDWULEXWPRUDLPDWLVDPRMHGDQSULGUXåHQLGRPHQ9LãHUD]OLþLWLK
DWULEXWD PRåH VH ]DGDWL QDG LVWLP GRPHQRP 1D SULPHU DWULEXWL Mesto_boravka i
Mesto_rodjenja LPDMXLVWLGRPHQ7DNRÿHDWULEXWLIme_studenta i Ime_profesora LPDMX
isWLGRPHQ 3RVWRMHNODVLþQLGRPHQLNDRãWRVXQXPHULþNLNDUDNWHULVWULQJRYLGDWXPL
LVO3RMHGLQLGRPHQLPRJXELWLSUHGHILQLVDQLQDSULPHURFHQDL]QHNRJSUHGPHWDQD
IDNXOWHWXMHFHOREURMQLSRGDWDNDDOLMHRJUDQLþHQQDYUHGQRVWLRGGR.RULVQLþNL
GHILQLVDQLGRPHQLQDVWDMXNDGDNRULVQLNSUHFL]QRRSLãHYUHGQRVWLNRMHVHPRJXXQHWL]D
åHOMHQLDWULEXW
5HODFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDNDSRþLYDQDQHNROLNRIRUPDOQLKSRMPRYD
6.3.1 âHPDUHODFLMH
âHPDUHODFLMHRXR]QDFL5$1$2$NMHNRQDþDQVNXSDWULEXWD^A1$2$N` i

NRQDþDQ VNXS RJUDQLþHQMD QDG YUHGQRVWLPD WLK DWULEXWD .DNR MH ãHPD UHODFLMH
GHILQLVDQDSUHNRVNXSDUHGRVOHGDWULEXWDQLMHELWDQ. SYDNLQD]LYDWULEXWDMHMHGLQVWYHQX
RNYLUXãHPHUHODFLMHWMQHPRåHVHSRQRYLWLLVWRLPHDWULEXWDXMHGQRMãHPLUHODFLMH
74
Baze podataka
âHPRP UHODFLMH VH SUHGVWDYOMDMX VYRMVWYD NODVH REMHNDWD LOL YH]D QHNRJ VLVWHPD
âHPD UHODFLMH PRåH GD VH WXPDþL L NDR GHILQLFLMD VWUXNWXUH QHNH GDWRWHNH Nazivi
DWULEXWD X ãHPL UHODFLMH PRUDMX GDEXGXUD]OLþLWL UHGRVOHG NRORQD X ãHPL UHODFLMH QLMH
ELWDQ
6.3.2 5HODFLMD
5HODFLMD r ]DGDWD QDG ãHPRP UHODFLMH MH NRQDþDQ VNXS Q-WRUNL ãHPH UHODFLMH R.
5HODFLMD QH VDGUåL GYH MHGQDNH Q-torke. 5HGRVOHG Q-WRUNL QLMH ELWDQ .DNR MH UHODFLMD
VNXSQ-WRUNLLVYHQ-WRUNHVXLVWHGXåLQHXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXQ-WRUNHQHPRJXLPDWL
SURPHQOMLYXGXåLQX
-HGQRVWDYQLMHUHþHQRãHPDUHODFLMHMHRSLVVWUXNWXUHMHGQHWDEHOHDVDPDUHODFLMDMH
VDGUåDM WH WDEHOH 1DUDYQR GD EL WDNYD WDEHOD ELOD UHODFLMD SRãWXMX VH JRUH QDYHGHQD
RJUDQLþHQMD5HODFLMLXSUDNVLRGJRYDUDMHGQDGDWRWHNDDVYDNRMQ-WRUNLRGJRYDUDMHGDQ
VORJ WH GDWRWHNH 6ORJRYL X GDWRWHFL VX ]DSLVDQL X RGUHÿHQRP UHGRVOHGX QDMþHãüH SR
UHGRVOHGXXQRãHQMD
3ULPHU âHPD UHODFLMH NRMRP VH RSLVXMH NODVD VWXGHQDWD JGH VX UHOHYDQWQL DWULEXWL
%URMLQGHNVDL,PHVWXGHQWDPRåHGDEXGH
678'(17%U,QG,PH
DUHODFLMDQDGRYDNYRPãHPRPXMHGQRPWUHQXWNXPRåHGDEXGH
student %U,QG ,PH

2017123 --DQNRYLF
2018456 33HWURYLF
2016222 --RYDQRYLF
2016555 00DUNRYLF
6.3.3 5HODFLRQDED]DSRGDWDND
5HODFLRQDED]DSRGDWDNDMHNRQDþDQVNXSUHODFLMDNRMHVXGHILQLVDQHRGJRYDUDMXüLP
ãHPDPDUHODFLMD^5i`LNRQDþDQVNXSRJUDQLþHQMDNRMDYDåHL]PHÿXGDWLKãHPD3RãWRX
MHGQRMED]LSRVWRMLYLãHãHPDUHODFLMDNRMHVXPHÿXVREQRSRYH]DQHQHPLQRYQRMHGD
SRVWRMHQRYDSRVHEQDRJUDQLþHQMDNRMDVHRGQRVHQDRYHYH]H6XãWLQDUHODFLRQLKED]D
MH XSUDYR X RYLP YH]DPD .RG GHILQLFLMH ãHPH UHODFLMH ELOD VX UD]PDWUDQD VDPR
RJUDQLþHQMD QDG YUHGQRVWLPD SRMHGLQLK DWULEXWD 5HODFLRQD ED]D SRGDWDND predstavlja
VWDQMH QHNRJ VLVWHPD X YUHPHQX 2QD MH SURPHQOMLYD D SURPHQH VH RGQRVH QD
GRGDYDQMH,16(57EULVDQMH'(/(7(LL]PHQX83'$7(Q-torki.
75
Baze podataka
6.3.4 6XSHUNOMXþ
-HGQD WDEHOD VH PRåH SRVPDWUDWL NDR UHODFLMD XNROLNR LVSXQMDYD RGJRYDUDMXüH
XVORYH1DMYDåQLMLXVORYMHGDVHXMHGQRMUHODFLML QLNDGDQHPRJXSRMDYLWLGYHLGHQWLþQH
Q-WRUNH]DSLVDUHGD2YRMHW]YRVRELQDXQLNDWQRVWLQ-WRUNL1DRVQRYXRYHRVRELQH
VLJXUQR SRVWRML VNXS DWULEXWD MHGDQ YLãH LOL VYL DWULEXWL MHGQH ãHPH UHODFLMH NRML QD
MHGLQVWYHQ QDþLQ RGUHÿXMX VYDNX Q-WRUNX =DNOMXþXMH VH GD VXSHU NOMXþ XYHN SRVWRML
'DOMHQDRVQRYXGDWHãHPHUHODFLMHPRåHVH]DNOMXþLWLGDVHQHPRUDMXXSRWUHELWLVYL
DWULEXWL ]D LGHQWLILNDFLMX åHOMHQH Q-WRUNH WM SRVWRMH L PLQLPDOQLML LGHQWLILNDWRUL SR
EURMXDWULEXWD1DWDMQDþLQGROD]LPRGRSRMPD– NDQGLGDWNOMXþ
6.3.5 .DQGLGDWNOMXþ
.DQGLGDWNOMXþSUHGVWDYOMDMHGDQLOLYLãHDWULEXWD NRMLQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQRGUHÿXMX
VYDNL]DSLVMHGQHUHODFLMH7RMHMHGDQRGSUYLKSRMPRYDXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXNRMLVH
NRULVWL ]D SRX]GDQ VLJXUDQ SULVWXS åHOMHQLP SRGDFLPD 8 VXãWLQL ED]H SRGDWDND
SRVWRMH GD EL VH X QMLK VPHãWDOL SRGDFL DOL SULVWXS åHOMHQLP SRGDFLPD PRUD ELWL
QHSRJUHãLY 1D RVQRYX NDQGLGDW NOMXþD PRJX VH SRX]GDQR UD]OLNRYDWL GYH Q-WRUNH X
MHGQRMUHODFLML
.DQGLGDW NOMXþ LPD LVWH RVRELQH NDR L VXSHU NOMXþ DOL MH PLQLPDODQ -HGQD ãHPD
UHODFLMHPRåHLPDWLYLãHNDQGLGDWNOMXþHYD1DSULPHUXãHPLUHODFLMH
,VSLW%U,QG6LI32FHQD
6XSHU NOMXþ MH VLJXUQR ^%U,QG 6LI3 2FHQD` ]DWR ãWR VH QD RVQRYX RYLK DWULEXWD
QHGYRVPLVOHQRPRåHSULVWXSLWLåHOMHQRP]DSLVX0HÿXWLPLVWXRVRELQXLPDL^%U,QG
6LI3` SD VH WR PRåH VPDWUDWL ]D NDQGLGDW NOMXþ ]D ãHPX UHODFLMH ,63,7 3RãWR MHGDQ
VWXGHQWLPDRFHQHL]YLãHSUHGPHWDDL]MHGQRJSUHGPHWDRFHQHLPDYLãHVWXGHQDWDQL
MHGDQSRMHGLQDþQLDWULEXWQHPDRVRELQXGDPRåHQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQGDXNDåHQDVYDNX
Q-WRUNX
'DNOH NDQGLGDW NOMXþ LPD RVRELQX PLQLPDOQRVWL .DQGLGDW NOMXþHYL VX YDåQL ]DWR
ãWRRPRJXüDYDMXGLUHNWDQSULVWXSSRGDFLPD
6.3.6 3ULPDUQLNOMXþ
,]ERURP MHGQRJ NDQGLGDW NOMXþD NRML QDP VOXåL ]D LGHQWLILNDFLMX Q-WRUNL X
RGJRYDUDMXüRM UHODFLML ELUDPR QMHQ SULPDUQL NOMXþ 8 UHODFLRQRP PRGHOX SRGDWDND
SULPDUQL NOMXþHYL VH REHOHåDYDMX 2VWDOH NDQGLGDW NOMXþHYH QD]LYDPR DOWHUQDWLYQLP
NOMXþHYLPD 3ULPDUQL NOMXþ VH PRåH VDVWRMDWL L] MHGQRJ LOL YLãH DWULEXWD MRåH ELWL
SULURGQL LOL JHQHULVDQL YHãWDþNL 3ULURGQL NOMXþHYL XYHN SRVOHGLFD QHNRJ SULURGQRJ
76
Baze podataka
VXãWLQVNRJRJUDQLþHQMDL]UHDOQRJVYHWDNRMHVHQLNDGDQHPRåHSURPHQLWL.DGDLPD
YLãH UDYQRSUDYQLK NDQGLGDWD ]D SULPDUQL NOMXþ ELUD VH RQDM NRML ]DX]LPD PDQMe
PHPRULMH6YDNDãHPDUHODFLMHLPDMHGDQLVDPRMHGDQSULPDUQLNOMXþ
6.3.7 6SROMQLNOMXþ
'DELVHXYHRSRMDPVSROMDãQMHJNOMXþDQHRSKRGQRMHGDSRVWRMHGYHUHODFLMH8ORJD
VSROMQLK NOMXþHYD MH X XVSRVWDYOMDQMX YH]D L]PHÿX UHODFLMD 8NROLNR QHNL DWULEXW X
relaFLMLSRND]XMH]DGDWMHQDGLVWLPGRPHQRPQDSULPDUQLNOMXþLVWHLOLGUXJHUHODFLMH
WDMDWULEXWQD]LYDPRVSROMQLPNOMXþHP UHODFLMH6SROMQLNOMXþXãHPLUHODFLMH5MHVYDNL
QMHQ SRGVNXS DWULEXWD ]D NRML YDåL RJUDQLþHQMH YUHGQRVWL X UHODFLML r QD VOHGHüH dve
YUHGQRVWL
x YUHGQRVWSULPDUQRJNOMXþDXQHNRMUHODFLMLW]YFLOMQRMUHODFLML
x YUHGQRVW18// XNROLNRMHWRGR]YROMHQRSULGHILQLVDQMX
-HGQDãHPDUHODFLMHPRåHGDVDGUåLYLãHVSROMQLKNOMXþHYD6SROMQLNOMXþPRåHELWLX
VDVWDYXSULPDUQRJNOMXþD6SROMQLNOMXþMHGQHUHODFLMHPRåHLVWRYUHPHQRELWLLSULPDUQL
NOMXþ GDWH UHODFLMH X FHOLQL. 6SROMQL NOMXþ VH PRåH LOL VH QH PRUD REHOHåDYDWL -
REHOHåDYDQMHGRSULQRVLSUHJOHGQRVWLPRGHOD.
6.3.8 NULL vrednost
3RVHEQXXORJXXGHILQLVDQMXRSãWLKSUDYLODLQWHJULWHWDLPDYUHGQRVW18//7RMH
XQLYHU]DOQD YUHGQRVW NRMD VH PRåH XQHWL ]D DWULEXWH NRML VX GHILQLVDQL QDG UD]OLþLWLP
GRPHQLPD ýHVWR QLVPR X VWDQMX GD ]QDPR YUHGQRVW ]D QHNL SRGDWDN 5D]OR]L PRJX
ELWL UD]OLþLWL 0RJX ELWL SRVOHGLFD VWUXNWXUH ãHPH UHODFLMH 8 WUHQXWNX XQRVD SRGDWDND
PRJXüHMHGDVHQH]QDYUHGQRVWQHNRJDWULEXWD1DSULPHUDNRVHNRGXQRVDSRGDWDND
R VWXGHQWX NRML VH XSLVXMH ]DKWHYD L XQRV åHOMHQRJ VPHUD D VPHU VH RGUeÿXMH RG ,,,
JRGLQH VWXGLMDWDNDY SRGDWDN VH VLJXUQR QH PRåH XQHWL ,OL SRGDWDN SRVWRMLDOL VH GR
QMHJD WHãNR PRåH GRüL $NR SUL GHILQLFLML ãHPH UHODFLMH QLMH GUXJDþLMH UHþHQR QD WRP
PHVWXVHPRåHQDüL18//SRGDWDN
.DGD VH XMHGQRMUHODFLML SRMDYOMXMH YHOLNL EURM SRGDWDND VD 18// YUHGQRVWLPD WR
XND]XMHQDWRGDMHPRGHORYDQMHORãHXUDÿHQR,OLVXGRELMHQHUHODFLMHORãLKVWUXNWXUD
SD VH WUHEDMX SRSUDYLWL WM QRUPDOL]RYDWL 5DG VD ]DSLVLPD X NRMLPD SRVWRMH 18//
YUHGQRVWL MH SRVHEQR RVHWOMLY SRãWR MH ORJLND NRPSDUDFLMH DWULEXWD VD 18//
YUHGQRVWLPDVSHFLILþQD
77
Baze podataka
6.4 INTEGRITET PODATAKA U R(/$&,212002'(/8
.UR] LVWRULMX UD]YRMD UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD SRGDWDND QDMYHüH L]PHQH MH SUHWUSHR
LQWHJULWHWSRGDWND-HGDQRGUD]ORJDMHLWRãWRRYDREODVWQLMHSUHFL]QRXWHPHOMHQDNDR
ãWRVXSUHFL]QR]DVQRYDQLREMHNWLUHODFLRQRJPRGHODLRSHUDFLMHQDGREMHNWLPD
,QWHJULWHW NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW ED]H SRGDWDND RGQRVL VH QD GR]YROMHQH YUHGQRVWL

SRGDWDNDVDGUåDQLKXED]L1HLVSUDYQLSRGDFLPRJXELWLSRVOHGLFDDåXULUDQMDXQRãHQMD
LEULVDQMDSRGDWDNDELORQDPHUQRJELORQHQDPHUQRJRGVWUDQHNRULVQLNDXVOXþDMHYLPD
kadD MH UHODFLRQL PRGHO ORãH GHILQLVDQ ,QWHJULWHW SRGDWDND SRGUD]XPHYD VYH PHUH
NRMLPD MH FLOM GD VSUHþL XQRV QHLVSUDYQLK SRGDWDND 0HUH ]D VSUHþDYDQMH VOXþDMQLK
SRJUHãDND VH ]QDþDMQR UD]OLNXMX RG PHUD ]D VSUHþDYDQMH QDPHUQLK DNWLYQRVWL ,]
LQWHJULWHWD ED]D SRGDWDND L]X]HWH VX VYH PHUH NRMLPD MH FLOM VSUHþDYDQMH LOHJDOQLK
RSHUDFLMD 2QH VX SUHGPHW L]XþDYDQMH SRVHEQH REODVWL NRMD VH RGQRVL QD ]DãWLWX
podataka.
3UDYLODLQWHJULWHWDVXRJUDQLþHQMDVDGUåDMDED]HSRGDWDNDQDQHNDGR]YROMHQDVWDQMD
&LOM MH VSUHþDYDQMH XQRVD SRJUHãQLK SRGDWDND X ED]X 6YD DåXULUDQMD EULVDQMD L
XQRãHQMD Q-WRUNLPRUDMXELWLXVNODGXVDWLPRJUDQLþHQMLPD$NRVHWDSUDYLODLVSRãWXMX
QH PRUD GD ]QDþL GD MH XQHWL SRGDWDN LVSUDYDQ DOL XNROLNR VH QH LVSRãWXMX RQGD MH
SRGDWDNNRMLVHXQRVLVLJXUQRQHLVSUDYDQ
3UDYLODLQWHJULWHWDGHOLPR QD:
x .RULVQLþNDSUDYLODLQWHJULWHWD
x ,GHQWLILNDFLRQLLQWHJULWHW
x 5HIHUHQFLMDOQLLQWHJULWHW
6.4.1 .RULVQLþNDSUDYLODLQWHJULWHWD
2YD SUDYLOD ]DYLVH RG NRQNUHWQH ED]H 2QD SURLVWLþX L] RJUDQLþHQMD NRMD YDåH L X
reaOQRP VYHWX 7R VX SUDYLOD NRMD VH RGQRVH QD RJUDQLþHQMD NRMD YDåH ]D SRMHGLQH
DWULEXWH1DSULPHU]DRFHQHL]SRMHGLQLKSUHGPHWDQDIDNXOWHWX– od 5 do 10. IOLEURM
LQGHNVDPRUDGDEXGHPDQMLRGPDNVLPDOQHNYRWHNRMDMHRGREUHQDNRGDNUHGLWDFLMH
,OLVWXGHQWXPRUDGDVHXQHVXVYHRFHQHGDELSULVWXSLRRGEUDQLGLSORPVNRJUDGDLWG
.RG ORãLK ãHPD UHODFLMD JGH VH MDYOMDMX PHÿXVREQR ]DYLVQL DWULEXWL PRUD VH YRGLWL
UDþXQDãWDVHXQRVL]DYUHGQRVWLWLKDWULEXWD
6.4.2 ,GHQWLILNDFLRQLLQWHJULWHW
2GQRVL VH QD opšta RJUDQLþHQMD ]D SULPDUQL NOMXþ UHODFLMH 9Hü VPR X GHILQLVDQMX
SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD ]DKWHYDOL PLQLPDOQRVW L MHGQR]QDþQRVW 9UHGQRVW SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
78
Baze podataka
MHGQR]QDþQRRGUHÿXMXQ-WRUNHLQHPRåHVHL]QMHJDL]EDFLWLQLMHGDQDWULEXWDGDRQL
GDOMHSRVHGXMHMHGQR]QDþQRVW2YLPGRELMDPRXVORY]DLQWHJULWHWSULPDUQRJNOMXþD6
RE]LURP QD GHILQLFLMX SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD LGHQWLILNDFLRQL LQWHJULWHW VH PRåH GHILQLVDWL
SUHNR QMHJD QD VOHGHüL QDþLQ QL MHGQD NRPSRQHQWD SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD UHODFLMH QH VPH
LPDWL18//YUHGQRVW
6.4.3 5HIHUHQFLMDOQLLQWHJULWHW
5HIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW VH RGQRVL QD GR]YROMHQD VWDQMD VSROMQLK NOMXþHYD 8VORY
UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWDVH PRåH GHILQLVDWL QDVOHGHüLQDþLQ %D]D SRGDWDND QH VPH
GD VDGUåL QL MHGQX QHSRYH]DQX YUHGQRVW ]D VSROMQL NOMXþ =QDþL YUHGQRVW VSROMQRJ
NOMXþD PRåH ELWL YUHGQRVW SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD RGJRYDUDMXüH FLOMQH Q-torke ili NULL
YUHGQRVWXNROLNRMHWRSULNUHLUDQMXãHPHUHODFLMHRPRJXüHQR
6XãWLQDUHIHUHQFLMDOQRJLQWHJULWHWDMHXRJUDQLþDYDQMXYUHGQRVWLVSROMQRJ NOMXþD6D
VWDQRYLãWDL]PHQDDåXULUDQMDXUHODFLMLNRMDVDGUåLVSROMQLNOMXþSR]LYDMXüDUHODFLMD
WRSRGUD]XPHYDGDYDåHVOHGHüDRJUDQLþHQMD
x 1HPRåHVHXQHWLQ-WRUNDVDYUHGQRãüXVWUDQRJNOMXþDNRMDQLMHMHGQDNDQHNRM
YUHGQRVWLSULPDUQRJNOMXþDXFLOMQRMUHODFLMLLOL18//YUHGQRVWL
x 1HPRåHVHL]PHQLWLQ-WRUNDWDNRGDYUHGQRVWVWUDQRJNOMXþDQHEXGHMHGQDND
QHNRMYUHGQRVWLSULPDUQRJNOMXþDXFLOMQRMUHODFLMLLOL18//YUHGQRVWL
6DVWDQRYLãWDFLOMQHUHODFLMHYDåLVOHGHüH
x 'RGDYDQMHQRYHQ-WRUNHXFLOMQRMUHODFLMLQHQDUXãDYDUHIHUHQFLMDOQLLQWHJULWHW
- QDVWDMHVDPRQRYDYUHGQRVWSULPDUQRJNOMXþD
x 8NODQMDQMHPQ-WRUNHDL]PHQDSRQHNDGGRYRGLGRQHVWDQNDMHGQHYUHGQRVWL
SULPDUQRJNOMXþD$NRELVHWDRSHUDFLMDL]YUãDYDODEH]XVORYQRWRELQDUXãLOR
UHIHUHQFLMDOQLLQWHJULWet
3RVWDYOMDVHSLWDQMHNDNRSRVWXSLWLNDGDVHYUãLDåXULUDQMHXFLOMQRMUHODFLMLDGDVH
QH QDUXãL UHIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW 7DNYD VSHFLILNDFLMD VH QD]LYD GLQDPLþND
VSHFLILNDFLMDUHIHUHQFLMDOQRJLQWHJULWHWDLRGQRVLVHVDPRQDNULWLþQHRSHUDFLMHDWRVX
RSHUDFLMD XNODQMDQMD '(/(7( L RSHUDFLMD L]PHQH 83'$7( 8] RYH DNFLMH
QHRSKRGQR MH QDYHVWL MHGQX RG VOHGHüH WUL NODX]XOH 5(675,&7(' &$6&$'(6
NULLS
x 5(675,&7(' RSHUDFLMD VH QH L]YUãDYD DNR X SR]LYDMXüRM UHODFLML SRVWRML
YUHGQRVW VWUDQRJ NOMXþD NRMD RGJRYDUD YUHGQRVWL SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD X FLOMQRM
UHODFLML
79
Baze podataka
x &$6&$'(6 RSHUDFLMD VH XYHN L]YUãDYD $NR MH XNORQMHQD Q-WRUND L] FLOMQH
UHODFLMHXSR]LYDMXüRMUHODFLMLVHXNODQMDMXVYHQ-WRUNHVDGDWLPNOMXþHP$NR
MHGRãORGRL]PHQHPHQMDMXVHVYHYUHGQRVWLQ-WRUNLXSR]LYDMXüRMUHODFLMLVD
QRYLPVSROMQLPNOMXþHP
x 18//6 RSHUDFLMD VH XYHN L]YUãDYD 8 SR]LYDMXüRM UHODFLML VH X VYLP Q-
WRUNDPD NRMH LPDMX GDWL SURPHQMHQL VSROMQL NOMXþ PHQMD QMHJRYD YUHGQRVW X
18// 18//6 NODX]XOD VH QH PRåH VSURYHVWL DNRMH VSROMQL NOMXþX VDVWDYX
SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD LOL JD þLQL X FHOLQL – WR EL ELOR X VXSURWQRVWL VD
LGHQWLILNDFLRQLPLQWHJULWHWRP
80
Baze podataka
7 5(/$&,21$$/*(%5$
ReODFLRQD DOJHEUD SULSDGD NDWHJRULML IRUPDOQLK XSLWQLK MH]LND SURFHGXUDOQRJ

NDUDNWHUD ýLQLMHVNXS RSHUDWRUD ]D UDGVDUHODFLMDPD D UH]XOWDWL RSHUDFLMD VXWDNRÿH
UHODFLMH 5HODFLRQD DOJHEUD MH RVQRYD ]D XSLWQH MH]LNH NRMH NRULVWH OMXGL 6YDNL RG
DOJHEDUVNLK L]UD]DMHMHGDQ XSLWLOL SUHWUDåLYDQMH 8SLWQLMH]LN MHMH]LN NRMLP NRULVQLFL
]DKWHYDMXLQIRUPDFLMHL]ED]HSRGDWaka
2SHUDFLMDMHSULPHQDQHNRJRSHUDWRUDQDMHGQXLOLYLãHL]YRUQLKUHODFLMDNDNRELVH
IRUPLUDOD QRYD UHODFLMD 5HODFLRQX DOJHEUX þLQL VNXS RG RSHUDFLMD NRMH VH QD]LYDMX
RVQRYQLPHOHPHQWDUQLKLL]YHGHQH
x Elementarne: UHVWULNFLMD VHOHNFLMD SURMHNFLMD XQLMD UD]OLND 'HNDUWRY

proizvod
x Izvedene: SUHVHNVSDMDQMHGHOMHQMH
2SHUDFLMH VH PRJX NODVLILNRYDWL L SUHPD EURMX RSHUDQDGD 3RMHGLQH RSHUDFLMH VH
L]YUãDYDMXQDGMHGQLPDSRMHGLQHQDGGYHUHODFLMH
x Unarne RSHUDQG
x %LQDUQH RSHUDQGD
6LPERO Naziv 6ORåHQRVW %URSHUDQDGD
V UHVWULNFLMD HOHPHQWDUQD XQDUQD

S SURMHNFLMD HOHPHQWDUQD XQDUQD
XQLMD HOHPHQWDUQD ELQDUQD
- razlika HOHPHQWDUQD ELQDUQD
presek L]YHGHQD ELQDUQD
u Dekartov proizvod HOHPHQWDUQD ELQDUQD
! VSDMDQMH L]YHGHQD ELQDUQD
e GHOMHQMH L]YHGHQD ELQDUQD
7DEHOD7.1: .ODVLILNDFLMDRVDPRVQRYQLKRSHUDFLMD
81
Baze podataka
7.1 V
5(675,.&,-$V
5HVWULNFLMD VHOHNFLMD RJUDQLþHQMH HQJ restrict – MH RSHUDFLMD UHODFLRQH DOJHEUH

NRMDL]SROD]QHUHODFLMHNDRUH]XOWDWGDMHWDþQRRGUHÿHQHQ-WRUNHWMVDPRRQHQ-torke
NRMH ]DGRYROMDYDMX ]DGDWL NULWHULMXP L]GYDMDQMH UHGRYD X WDEHOL .ULWHULMXP MH QHNL
ORJLþNL L]UD] NRML MH L]UDþXQOMLY QDG VYDNRP Q-torkoP 'RELMHQD UHODFLMD LPD LVWX
VWUXNWXUXNDRLSROD]QD
Ako je r UHODFLMD QDG ãHPRP 5; D 3; XVORY UHVWULNFLMH IRUPDOQD GHILQLFLMD

UHVWULNFLMHMH
V3;U W; ^x _ xr 3;`
2SHUDFLMDUHVWULNFLMHNDRUH]XOWDWPRåHGDGkSUD]DQVNXS Q-torki.
8VORYUHVWULNFLMH3VHVDVWRMLL]þODQRYDNRMLVXSRYH]DQLVD
DQG RU QRW
DVYDNLþODQMHXIRUPL:
DWULEXW!op DWULEXW!LOLNRQVWDQWD!
JGHMHop MHGDQRG z!td.
Primer 1.
,]UHODFLMHU$%&'
A % C D
D D 1 7
D E 5 7
E E 12 3
E E 23 10
QDNRQRSHUDFLMHV $ %A'! UGRELMDVH:
A % C D
D D 1 7
E E 23 10
82
Baze podataka
Primer 2.
,]UHODFLMH3UHGPHW 6LI3UHGPHW1D]LY(&76
SifPredmet Naziv ECTS

SPRI01 ,QIRUPDWLND 6
SPRI02 0DWHPDWLND 8
SPRI03 3URJUDPLUDQMH 8
SPRI04 (QJOHVNLMH]LN 6
-------- -------- ---
SPRI08 6WUXNWXUHSRGDWDNDLDOJRULWPL 8
i]GYRMLWLVYHRQHSUHGPHWHNRMLVHYUHGQXMXVD 6 (&76 SRHQD
1DNRQRSHUDFLMHUHVWULNFLMH: ߪ(&76ୀ଺ (3UHGPHW) dobija se:
SifPredmet Naziv ECTS

SPRI01 ,QIRUPDWLND 6
SPRI04 (QJOHVNLMH]LN 6
Primer 3.
,] UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW 6LI3UHGPHW 1D]LY (&76 L]GYRMLWL VYH RQH SUHGPHWH NRMLVH
YUHGQXMXVD(&76SRHQD
1DNRQ RSHUDFLMH UHVWULNFLMH ߪ(&76ୀଵହ (3UHGPHW) dobija se SUD]DQ VNXS

]DWRãWRQLMHGDQSUHGPHWXUHODFLML3UHGPHWQHQRVL(&76SRHQD
7.2 S
352-(.&,-$S
3URMHNFLMDHQJprojectNDRUH]XOWDWGDMHUHODFLMXNRMDVHVDVWRMLVDPRRGRGUHÿHQLK

DWULEXWD ]DGDWH UHODFLMH L]GYDMDQMH NRORQD X WDEHOL I] SROD]QH UHODFLMH SR ]DGDWRP
VNXSXDWULEXWDIRUPLUDVHQRYDUHODFLMDNDRVNXSQ-WRUNLQDGWLPDWULEXWLPD=DGDWLVNXS
83
Baze podataka
DWULEXWD PRUD ELWL SRGVNXS VNXSD DWULEXWD SROD]QH UHODFLMH 9UHGQRVWL DWULEXWD X Q-
WRUNDPDQDVWDOHUHODFLMHRGJRYDUDMXRQLPDXSROD]QRMUHODFLML
Ako je r UHODFLMDQDGãHPRP5;<]DGDWLVNXSDWULEXWDDx i y Q-WRUNHQDG;L<

IRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMDUHVWULNFLMHMHS<U W< ^W_ <; yx`
3ULPHQRPRSHUDFLMHSURMHNFLMHPRJXüHMHGDYLãHQ-WRUNLSROD]QHUHODFLMHGDMHLVWH
YUHGQRVWL3RãWRUH]XOWDWRSHUDFLMHPRUDELWLUHODFLMDX]LPDVHVDPRMHGQDQ-torka.
Primer 1.
,]UHODFLMHU$%&
A % C
D 10 1
D 20 1
E 30 1
E 40 2
1DNRQSULPHQHRSHUDFLMHSURMHNFLMHS $& UGRELMDVHW1$&
A C
D 1
D 1
E 1
E 2
D]ERJXVORYDLGHQWLILNDFLRQRJLQWHJULWHWDNUDMQMLUH]XOWDWMHt2 $&
A C
D 1
E 1
E 2
=D UD]OLNX RG UHVWULNFLMH UH]XOWLUDMXüH Q-WRUNH QHPDMX VYH DWULEXWH NRMH LPD
RULJLQDOQDUHODFLMDYHüVDPRRQHSRNRMLPDVHL]YRGLSURMHNFLMD
84
Baze podataka
Primer 2.
3URMHNFLMD UHODFLMH 6WXGHQW %U,QG ,PH 3UH]LPH $GUHVD WHOHIRQ SR DWULEXWLPD
%U,QG,PHL3UH]LPH
ߨ%U,QG,PH3UH]LPH (6WXGHQW) W%U,QG,PH3UH]LPH
NDR UH]XOWDW GDMH UHODFLMX NRMD VDGUåL VDPR SRGDWNH %U,QG ,PH L 3UH]LPH .DNR MH
%U,QG SULPDUQL NOMXþ UHODFLMH 6WXGHQW QH VPDQMXMH VH EURM Q-WRUNL X QRYRQDVWDORM
UHODFLML3URMHNFLMDVDPRSR,PHQXLOL3UH]LPHQXPRåHGDGRYHGHGRVPDQMHQMDEURMDQ-
WRUNLXQRYRQDVWDORMUHODFLMLNDRLGRJXELWNDSRGDWDND]DVWXGHQWHVDLVWLPLPHQRPLOL
SUH]LPHQRP
Primer 3.
,] UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW 6LI3UHGPHW 1D]LY (&76 SURQDüL NROLNR UD]OLþLWLK (&76 VH
NRULVWL]DYUHGQRYDQMHSUHGPHWD
1DNRQRSHUDFLMHUHVWULNFLMHߨ(&76 (3UHGPHW) GRELMDVHUHODFLMD
ECTS
8
6
]DWR ãWR VH VYL SUHGPHWL YUHGQXMX LOL VD LOL VD (&76 SRHQD 3RãWR VH UH]XOWDW
SRVPDWUDNDRUHODFLMDVYLGXSOLNDWLVXHOLPLQLVDQLLPDYLãHSUHGPHWDNRMLVHYUHGQXMX
VD(&76LYLãHSUHGPHWDNRMLVHYUHGQXMXVD(&767DNRÿHQLMHGDQSUHGPHWVHQH
YUHGQXMHVDQHNLPGUXJLPEURMHP(&76
Primer 4.
2SHUDFLMHUHODFLRQHDOJHEUHVHPRJXNRPELQRYDWL1DSULPHUQDGUHODFLMRP
,VSLW%ULQG6LI3UHGPHWD,G3URI6DOD9UHPH
NRMD VDGUåL SRGDWNH R VWXGHQWLPD SUHGPHWLPD NRMH SRODåX SURIHVRULPD NRG NRMLK
SRODåXVDOL JGHVHSRODåHLYUHPHSRODJDQMD$NRVHSULPHQLNRPELQRYDQDVORåHQD
RSHUDFLMDUHODFLRQHDOJHEUH
S%U,QGV6LI3UHGPHWD µ%3¶IspitoESBLVSLW%U,QG
85
Baze podataka
NDRUH]XOWDWVHGRELMDUHODFLMDXNRMRMVHQDOD]HSRGDFLREURMHYLPDLQGHNVDVWXGHQDWD
NRMLVXSRODJDOLSUHGPHW%D]HSRGDWDND
3RJRGQLP NRPELQRYDQMHP L SRVWDYOMDQMHP XVORYD PRJX VH GRELWL åHOMHQH

LQIRUPDFLMH1HNDMH%3ãLIUD]DSUHGPHW%D]HSRGDWDND3-ãLIUDSUHGPHWDSURJUDPVNL
MH]LFL 09 MH LGHQWLILNDFLMD SURIHVRUD 0ODGHQD 9HLQRYLüD $ R]QDþDYD DPILWHDWDU
7DGDVXPRJXüHVORåHQHRSHUDFLMHSRVWDYOMHQLXSLWL
• S6LI3UHGPHWDV6DOD µ$¶Ispito"
• S%U,QGV6DOD µ$¶9UHPH Ispito"
• S%U,QGV,G3URI µ09¶Ispito"
• S%U,QGV ,G3URI µ09¶ 6LI3UHGPHWD µ%3¶Ispito"
• S,G3URIV 6LI3UHGPHWD µ3-¶ 6LI3UHGPHWD µ%3¶Ispito"
7.3
81,-$
5H]XOWDWXQLMHGYHUHODFLMHMHUHODFLMDNRMDVHVDVWRMLRGVYLKQ-WRUNLNRMHVHQDOD]HL
XMHGQRMLXGUXJRMUHODFLML 8QLMDMHRSHUDFLMDUHODFLRQHDOJHEUHNRMRPVHL]GYHSROD]QH
UHODFLMHIRUPLUDQRYXNRMDVDGUåLVYHQ-WRUNHL]REHUHODFLMH2YDRSHUDFLMDQLMHPRJXüD
L]PHÿX ELORNRMHGYHUHODFLMHWMPRUDELWL]DGRYROMHQR
x âHPHUHODFLMDPRUDMXLPDWLLVWLEURMDWULEXWD
x $WULEXWL ãHPD UHODFLMD UHGRP RGJRYDUDMX SR ]QDþHQMX L WLSX QH PRUD SR
QD]LYX
1DYHGHQLXVORYLVHQD]LYDMXXQLMVNDNRPSDWLELOQRVW
$NRVXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6;JGH;R]QDþDYDXQLMVNLNRPSDWLELODQ

VNXSDWULEXWDXREHUHODFLMHIRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMDXQLMHMH
r V W; ^[_ [r [V`
6YDNDQ-WRUNDNRMDMHSULVXWQDXREHUHODFLMHSRMDYOMXMHVHVDPRMHGQRPXUH]XOWDWX
QRYRGRELMHQRMUHODFLML.
86
Baze podataka
Primer 1.
=DXQLMVNLNRPSDWLELOQHUHODFLMHULV
A % A %
D 1 D 2
D 2 E 3
E 1
QDNRQRSHUDFLMHU VGRELMDVHVOHGHüDUHODFLMD
A %
D 1
D 2
E 1
E 3
Primer 2.
8QLMRPUHODFLMD$L%
Sifra Prezime Ime Tel_EURM

3244 $NVHQWLMHYLü Petar 011 334 952
1772 0DNVLPRYLü Ilija 015 723 543
Sifra Prezime Ime 7HOBEURM

2345 3HWURYLü Petar 023 47 833
'RELMDVHUHODFLMD& $ B

87
Baze podataka
Primer 3.
Neka postoje dve XQLMVNL NRPSDWLELOQH UHODFLMH NRMH VDGUåH SRGDWNH R VWXGHQWLPD
NRMLVXSRORåLOLSUHGPHWH%D]HSRGDWDNDL0UHåHLQHNDMHQMLKRYWUHQXWQLVDGUåDM:
3RORåLR%D]H ¶ 3RORåLR0UHåH
%U,QG Ime %U,QG Ime
2017100 3HWDU3HWURYLü 2018300 -DQNR-DQNRYLü
2016200 0DUNR0DUNRYLü 2017100 3HWDU3HWURYLü
1DNRQ RSHUDFLMH XQLMH QDG RYH GYH UHODFLMH 3RORåLR%D]H 3RORåLR0UHåH

QRYRGRELMHQD UHODFLMD PRåH GD VH QD]RYH 3RORåLR%DU-HGDQ LPD LVWX VWUXNWXUX NDR
SROD]QHUHODFLMHLQMHQWUHQXWQLVDGUåDMELELR
3RORåLR%DU-HGDQ
%U,QG Ime
2017100 3HWDU3HWURYLü
2016200 0DUNR0DUNRYLü
2018300 -DQNR-DQNRYLü
8QMRMVXVYLVWXGHQWLNRMLVXSRORåLOL,/,%D]H,/,PUHåH,/,REDSUHGPHWD
7.4 5$=/,.$-
5H]XOWDWUD]OLNHHQJdifference - GYHUHODFLMHMHUHODFLMDNRMDVHVDVWRMLRGVYLKQ-

WRUNLNRMHVHQDOD]HXSUYRMLQHQDOD]HXGUXJRMUHODFLMLWML]SUYHUHODFLMHVHLVNOMXþXMX
VYHQ-WRUNH]DMHGQLþNHVGUXJRPUHODFLMRPI]GYHSROD]QHUHODFLMHIRUPLUDVHQRYDNRMD
VDGUåL VYH Q-WRUNH SUYH UHODFLMH NRMH VH QH QDOD]H X GUXJRM 2YD RSHUDFLMDMH PRJXüD
VDPRL]PHÿXXQLMVNLNRPSDWLELOQLKUHODFLMD
$NRVXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6;;R]QDþDYDXQLMVNLNRPSDWLELODQVNXS

DWULEXWDXREHUHODFLMHIRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMDUD]OLNHMH
r - s t; ^x _ xr [s`
88
Baze podataka
Primer 1.
=DUHODFLMH$L%


SULPHQRPRSHUDFLMHUD]OLNHIRUPLUDVHUHODFLMD& $- B

LOLUHODFLMD& %- A

Primer 2.
1HND SRVWRMH GYH XQLMVNL NRPSDWLELOQH UHODFLMH NRMH VDGUåH SRGDWNH R VWXGHQWLPD
NRMLVXSRORåLOLSUHGPHWH%D]HSRGDWDNDL0UHåHLQHNDMHQMLKRYWUHQXWQLVDGUåDM
%U,QG Ime %U,QG Ime
2016200 0DUNR0DUNRYLü 2017100 Petar 3HWURYLü
89
Baze podataka
1DNRQ RSHUDFLMH UD]OLNH QDG RYH GYH UHODFLMH 3RORåLR%D]H - 3RORåLR0UHåH

QRYRGRELMHQD UHODFLMD PRåH GD VH QD]RYH 3RORåLR6DPR%D]H LPD LVWX VWUXNWXUX NDR
3RORåLR6DPR%D]H
%U,QG Ime
2016200 0DUNR0DUNRYLü
8QMRMVXVYLVWXGHQWLNRMLVXSRORåLOLVDPR%D]HDQLVXSRORåLOL0UHåH
7.5 PRESEK -
Presek HQJintersect - UH]XOWDWSUHVHNDGYHUHODFLMHMHUHODFLMDNRMDVHVDVWRMLRGQ-

WRUNLNRMHVX]DMHGQLþNH]DREHUHODFLMHRGQRVQRNRMDVDGUåLVYHQ-WRUNHNRMHVHQDOD]H
L X MHGQRM L X GUXJRM UHODFLML 2YD RSHUDFLMD MH PRJXüD VDPR L]PHÿX XQLMVNL
NRPSDWLELOQLKUHODFLMD
Ako VXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6;;R]QDþDYDXQLMVNLNRPSDWLELODQVNXS

DWULEXWDXREHUHODFLMHIRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMDSUHVHNDMH
r s t; ^[_ [ r [ s`
3UHVHNMHL]YHGHQDRSHUDFLMDPRåHVHL]YHVWLL]
r s r – r-s
Primer 1.
Za UHODFLMH$L%


90
Baze podataka
SULPHQRPRSHUDFLMHSUHVHNDIRUPLUDVHUHODFLMD& $ B

Primer 2.
1HND SRVWRMH GYH XQLMVNL NRPSDWLELOQH UHODFLMH NRMH VDGUåH SRGDWNH R VWXGHQWLPD
NRMLVXSRORåLOLSUHGPHWH%D]HSRGDWDNDL0UHåHLQHNDMHQMLKRYWUHQXWQLVDGUåDM
%U,QG Ime %U,QG Ime
2016200 0DUNR0DUNRYLü 2017100 Petar 3HWURYLü
1DNRQ RSHUDFLMH SUHVHND RYH GYH UHODFLMH 3RORåLR%D]H 3RORåLR0UHåH

QRYRGRELMHQDUHODFLMDPRåHGDVHQD]RYH3RORåLR2ED3UHGPHWDLPDLVWXVWUXNWXUXNDR
3RORåLR2ED3UHGPHWD
%U,QG Ime
2017100 3HWDU3HWURYLü
8QMRMVXVYLVWXGHQWLNRMLVXSRORåLOL,%D]HSRGDWDND,0UHåH
7.6 u
'(.$5729352,=92'u
'HNDUWRY SURL]YRG GYH UHODFLMH MH UHODFLMD NRMD VH VDVWRML RG VYLK PRJXüLK
NRPELQDFLMDSDURYDQ-WRUNLSULþHPXMHSUYDQ-WRUNDL]SUYHDGUXJDL]GUXJHUHODFLMH
I]GYHSROD]QHUHODFLMHIRUPLUDQRYXVDQ-WRUNDPDGRELMHQLPWDNRãWRVHVYDNDQ-torka
SUYH UHODFLMH VSDMD VD VYDNRP L] GUXJH âHPD QDVWDOH UHODFLMH VDGUåL VYH DWULEXWH
SROD]QLKUHODFLMD
91
Baze podataka
$NRVXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6<D;L<VXVNXSRYLDWULEXWDXãHPDPD

UHODFLMDIRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMD'HNDUWRYRJSURL]YRGDMH
r u s t;< ^[\_ [ r y s`
.RGR]QDþDYDQMD]DSXQLQD]LYDWULEXWDVHPRåHNRULVWLWLUHODFLMDDWULEXWDNRMH;
< z GDELVHPRJOLUD]OLNRYDWLDWULEXWLL]MHGQHLGUXJHUHODFLMH
Primer 1.
=DSROD]QHUHODFLMHULV
A % C D E
D 1 D 10 a
E 2 E 10 a
E 20 b
J 10 b
NDRUH]XOWDWGHNDUWRYRJSURL]YRGDUus dobija se
A % C D E
D 1 D 10 a
D 1 E 10 a
D 1 E 20 b
D 1 J 10 b
E 2 D 10 a
E 2 E 10 a
E 2 E 20 b
E 2 J 10 b
1DNRQSULPHQHGHNDUWRYRJSURL]YRGDXUH]XOWXMXüRMUHODFLMLVDPRSRMHGLQHQ-torke
LPDMXVPLVOD
92
Baze podataka
Primer 2.
1DGUHODFLMDPD
Student%rB,QG,PH3UH]LPH
2FHQD%rB,QG6LIB3red2FHQD
i]GYRMLWLVYHVWXGHQWHNRMLVXSRORåLOLSUHGPHWHNDRLRFHQHL]GDWLKSUHGPHWD
1DNRQ SULPHQH 'HNDUWRYRJ SURL]YRGD VDPR QHNH RG Q-WRUNL VDGUåH WUDåHQH
podatke.
Student u 2FHQD o t6%rB,QG,PH3UH]LPH2%rB,QG6LIB3red2FHQD
%5B,QG ,PH PUH]LPH %5B,QG SLIB3red OFHQD

S 2010234 Marko 0DUNRYLü O 2010234 BP 8
2011345 Petar 3HWURYLü 2010234 RM 9
2010456 Marko 3HWURYLü 2010456 BP 10
Student u 2FHQD
7.7 63$-$1-(!
7R MH RSHUDFLMD UHODFLRQH DOJHEUH NRMD L] GYH SROD]QH UHODFLMH IRUPLUD QRYX VD Q-
WRUNDPDGRELMHQLPXGYDNRUDND
93
Baze podataka
x 6YDND Q-WRUND L] SUYH UHODFLMH UHGRP VH VSDMD VD VYLP Q-WRUNDPD L] GUXJH
UHODFLMH
x ,]WDNRGRELMHQLKQ-WRUNLL]GYDMDMXVHRQHNRMH]DGRYROMDYDMX]DGDWLXVORY3
$NRVXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6<;L<VXVNXSRYLDWULEXWDXãHPDPD
UHODFLMDIRUPDOQDGHILQLFLMDRSHUDFLMHVSDMDQMDMHr !3;<s V3;<UuV ^[\_ [ r
y s 3[\`
7.7.1 T VSDMDQMH
3UHWKRGQDGHILQLFLMDGR]YROMDYDSURL]YROMQLXVORY3SRGXVORYRPGDMHL]UDþXQOMLY
]DVYDNXQ-WRUNXQDNRQ'HNDUWRYRJSURL]YRGD
1HNDVXr i s UHODFLMHQDGãHPRP5;L6<1HNDVX;LL<NDWULEXWL]DNRMHYDåL

GDMH;L;L<L<3RGT VSDMDQMHPU! ;LT <LVSRGUD]XPHYDVHVSDMDQMHNRGNRJD
operator T R]QDþDYDELORNRMLRSHUDWRUSRUHÿHQMD d!tz
7.7.2 (NYLVSDMDQMH
3UHWKRGQR T VSDMDQMH RJUDQLþDYD IRUPX XVORYD VSDMDQMD PHÿXWLP L GDOMH GRELMHQL

UH]XOWDW QHPD SUDNWLþQX SULPHQX 6SHFLMDOQL VOXþDM JGH T SUHGVWDYOMD MHGQDNRVW MH
þHVWVOXþDMXSUDNVL
(NYLVSDMDQMHSRMHGQRPDWULEXWXU!;L <LV
(NYLVSDMDQMHSRYLãHDWULEXWDR]QDþDYDVHVDU!;;;Q <<<Q V
7.7.3 3ULURGQRVSDMDQMH
(NYL VSDMDQMHGDMHMHGDQVXYLãDQDWULEXW]DWRãWRVXYUHGQRVWLDWULEXWDSRNRMLPDVH
YUãL VSDMDQMH XYHN LVWH 1HSRWUHEQL DWULEXW VH HOLPLQLãH GRGDWQRP RSHUDFLMRP
SURMHNFLMH 1DYHGHQL VOXþDM MH þHVW X SUDNVL SD MH XYHGHQD VSHFLMDOQD RSHUDFLMD
SULURGQRJVSDMDQMD3RGUD]XPHYDVHNYHQFXWULHOHPHQWDUQHRSHUDFLMH
x 'HNDUWRYSURL]YRGUHODFLMD
x 5HVWULNFLMXSRXVORYXMHGQDNRVWLDWULEXWD
x 3URMHNFLMDSRUD]OLFLXQLMHVYLKDWULEXWDLVNXSDVSRMQLKDWULEXWDL]ELORNRMHRG
UHODFLMD
3ULURGQRVSDMDQMHGYHUHODFLMHSRMHGQRPDWULEXWXR]QDþDYDVHVD
U!;L <NV
94
Baze podataka
6SHFLMDOQL VOXþDM R]QDþDYDQMD U ! V SRGUD]XPHYD SULURGQR VSDMDQMH SR VYLP

DWULEXWLPDNRMLLPDMXMHGQDNHQD]LYHXREHUHODFLMH
)RUPDOQD GHILQLFLMD SULURGQRJ VSDMDQMD $NR VX r i s UHODFLMH QDG ãHPRP 5; L

6< D $; L %< VX XUHÿHQL SRGVNXSRYL MHGQDNRJ EURMD DWULEXWD UHODFLMD r i s
UHVSHNWLYQRSULURGQRVSDMDQMHGHILQLãHPRNDR
U!$ %V S;<-BV $ % UuV W;<-%
-HGQDNRVW XUHÿHQLK SRGVNXSRYD $ L % SRGUD]XPHYD MHGQDNRVW NRUHVSRQGHQWQLK

HOHPHQDWD8PHVWR;<-%VDGHVQHVWUDQHPRåHVHQDYHVWL;<-A.
Primer 1.
=DSROD]QHUHODFLMHULV
A % C D E
D 1 D 10 a
E 2 E 10 a
E 20 b
J 10 b
NDRUH]XOWDWSULURGQRJVSDMDQMDU! V S ;<-B VA &r u sGRELMDVH
A B D (
D 1 10 a
E 2 10 a
E 2 20 b
.DR UH]XOWDW SULURGQRJ VSDMDQMD ]D UHODFLMH Student i 2FHQD GRELR EL VH VOHGHüL
UH]XOWDW
95
Baze podataka
7.8 '(/-(1-(
'HOMHQMHMHQDMVORåHQLMDRSHUDFLMDUHODFLRQHDOJHEUH
'HOMHQMHVHQHPRåHL]YHVWLVDSURL]YROMQLPWDEHODPD=D$%SRWUHEQRMHGDVHVYL
DWULEXWLUHODFLMH%QDOD]HXUHODFLML$
1SU0RJXüHMHGHOMHQMH]D
D;;;Q<<<P
b <<<P
Primer: =DGYHUHODFLMHULVGDWHVD
QDNRQRSHUDFLMHGHOMHQMDUVGRELMDVH
A % C
D a J
J a J
5H]XOWDWMHRYDNDYSRãWRMHGLQRQ-WRUNHXUHODFLMLr QDGDWULEXWLPD$%L&: ĮDĮ

LJDJMHVXXNRPELQDFLMLVDREHQ-WRUNHQDGDWULEXWLPD'L(XUHODFLMLsDLE

96
Baze podataka
8 SQL
8 RYRP SRJODYOMX MH SUHGVWDYOMHQ QDþLQ XSRWUHEH VWUXNWXUQRJ XSLWQRJ MH]LND 64/
HQJ Structured Query Language ]D XSUDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND NUR]
koQNUHWDQLSUDNWLþDQSULPHUSRVWHSHQLPXYRÿHQMHPQRYLKMH]LþNLKNRQVWUXNFLMD64/
MH GHNODUDWLYDQ MH]LN 3RVWRMH UD]OLþLWH LPSOHPHQWDFLMH VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD
SRGDWDND HQJ Database Management System NRMLPD MH PRJXüH GDYDWL QDUHGEH
MHGQLPVWDQGDUGL]RYDQLP64/MH]LNRPGRNVYDNDRGLPSOHPHQWDFLMD]DVHEHGHILQLãH
QDþLQQDNRMLVXLQWHUQRLPSOHPHQWLUDQDL]YUãDYDQMDSRMHGLQDþQLKQDUHGEL
,DNRMH64/VWDQGDUGL]RYDQJRGLQHSRGLPHQRP;]YDQLþQRVHVPDWUD
GDMHJRGLQHVWDQGDUGXVYRMHQ NDGDJDMHSULKYDWLOD0HÿXQDURGQDRUJDQL]DFLMD]D
VWDQGDUGH ,62 3UH WRJD MH SRVWRMDOR YLãH LPSOHPHQWDFLMD 64/ MH]LND 1DNRQ ãWR MH
64/VWDQGDUGL]RYDQQDVWDORMHQHNROLNRL]YHGHQLKLQDGRJUDÿHQLKYHU]LMDDOLRQHVYH
LPSOHPHQWLUDMX PLQLPXP ]DMHGQLþNLK NDUDNWHULVWLND NRMH VX SURSLVDQH VWDQGDUGRP
3UHPD WRPH ]D SRWUHEH VYDNRGQHYQRJ SUDNWLþQRJ UDGD UD]OLNH L]PHÿX SRMHGLQLK
LPSOHPHQWDFLMD VX þHVWR ]DQHPDUOMLYH L RGQRVH VH QD YUOR NRQNUHWQH HOHPHQWH
PHKDQL]PH L NRPSRQHQWH NRMH WH UD]OLþLWH LPSOHPHQWDFLMH VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH
UHODFLRQLPED]DPDSRGDWDNDSRGUåDYDMXLXYRGHL]YDQVWDQGDUGRPSURSLVDQLK
8 RYRP SRJODYOMX MH SUHGVWDYOMHQ QDþLQ NRULãüHQMD 64/ MH]LND QD SULPHUX
0\64/0DULD'% VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND 0\64/ L
0DULD'% VX UHãHQMD VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND NRMD VX
EHVSODWQDLGRVWXSQDVXXREOLNXRWYRUHQRJNRGDVRIWYHUD
64/MH]LNVHVDVWRMLL]WULRVQRYQHJUXSHQDUHGEL7RVX
1. *UXSDQDUHGEL]DXSUDYOMDQMHSRGDFLPDHQJData Manipulation Language

2. *UXSDQDUHGEL]DGHILQLVDQMHVWUXNWXUDHQJData Definition LanguageL
3. *UXSDQDUHGEL]DXSUDYOMDQMHVLVWHPRPED]HHQJData Control Language
*UXSH QDUHGEL ]D XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD RPRJXüDYDMX GRSUHPDQMH L PHQMDQMH

SRGDWNHNRMLVHþXYDMXXVWUXNWXLUDQRPREOLNX
*UXSH QDUHGEL ]D GHILQLVDQMH SRGDWDND RPRJXüDYDMX SUDYOMHQMH L PHQMDQMH

VWUXNWXUHVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDXED]L
*UXSD QDUHGEL ]D XSUDYOMDQMH VLVWHPRP ED]H RPRJXüDYDMX XSUDYOMDQMe

SULYLOHJLMDPDNRULVQLNDVLVWHPDNDRLXSUDYOMDQMHSRGHãDYDQMLPDVDPRJVLVWHPD
97
Baze podataka
8.1 0<64/6(59(5
0\64/ MH VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND RWYRUHQRJ NRGD
2EMDYOMHQMHSRG*182SãWRP-DYQRPOLFHQFRPHQJGNU General Public License
Za reali]DFLMX SUDNWLþQRJ SULPHUD QD NRMHP VH ]DVQLYD XYRG X 64/ MH]LN X RYRP
SRJODYOMXNRULVWLVH0\64/VLVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHUHODFLRQLPED]DPDSRGDWDND
8.1.1 3RVWXSDNLQVWDODFLMH0\64/5'%06
3RVWXSDNLQVWDODFLMH0\64/VHUYHUVNRJLNOLMHQWVNRJVRIWYHUDPRåHGDVHUD]OLNXMH
XWUHQXWNXþLWDQMDRYHNQMLJHXRGQRVXQDSRVWXSDNREMDãQMHQXRYRPSRJODYOMX
=DYLVQR RG WRJD NRML RSHUDWLYQL VLVWHP VH NRULVWL SRWUHEQR MH SUHX]HWL DGHNYDWQX
LQVWDODFLRQXGDWRWHNX
8.1.1.1 ,QVWDODFLMD0\64/QD:LQGRZVRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX
3RWUHEQR MH SUHX]HWL LQVWDODFLRQX GDWRWHNX ]D 0\64/ &RPPXQLW\ 6HUYHU 8

WUHQXWNX SLVDQMD RYH NQMLJH ,QWHUQHW DGUHVD QD NRMRM MH ELOR PRJXüH SUHX]HWL
LQVWDODFLRQXGDWRWHNXMHELODGHYP\VTOFRPGRZQORDGVP\VTO.
1DNRQSUHX]LPDQMDLQVWDODFLRQHGDWRWHNH]D0\64/&RPPXQLW\6HUYHUSRWUHEQR
MH SRNUHQXWL LQVWDODFLMX L LVSUDWLWL VYH NRUDNH SULND]DQH X SUR]RULPD LQVWDODFLRQRJ
SURJUDPD 6YL NRUDFL WUHED GD EXGX L]YUãHQL SULPHQRP SRGHãDYDQMD L RSFLMD NRMH VX
SRGUD]XPHYDQR SRVWDYOMHQH X SUR]RULPD VYDNRJ NRUDND LQVWDODFLMH 8 NRUDFLPD X
NRMLPDMHSRWUHEQRGDVHXSLãHOR]LQND]DURRWNRULVQLNDVLVWHPDQHRSKRGQRMHXQHWL
OR]LQNXNRMDüHELWLNRULãüHQDRGVWUDQHDGPLQLVWUDWRUDQDNRQ]DYUãHWNDLQVWDODFLMH
8.1.1.2 ,QVWDODFLMD0\64/QD*18/LQX[RSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX
6RE]LURPQDWRGDSRVWRMLYHOLNLEURMGLVWULEXFLMD*18/LQX[RSHUDWLYQLKVLVWHPD
XRYRPSRJODYOMXMHREMDãQMHQSRVWXSDNLQVWDODFLMHQDGLVWULEXFLMDPDNRMHVXSRSXODUQH
XWUHQXWNXSLVDQMDNQMLJH
,QVWDODFLMDQD*18/LQX[VLVWHPLPDED]LUDQLPQD'HELDQGLVWULEXFLML
0HÿX RYLP GLVWULEXFLMDPD VX 'HELDQ 8EXQWX /LQX[ 0LQW RSHUDWLYQL VLVWHPL =D
XVSHãQRLQVWDOLUDQMH0\64/VHUYHUDSRWUHEQRMHLPDWLSULVWXSNRULVQLNXNRMLLPDSUDYR
GDL]YUãLQDUHGEHVDDGPLQLVWUDWRUVNLPSULYLOHJLMDPDQDVLVWHPXWMGDSRVHGXMHVXGRHU
SUDYD3RGUD]XPHYDVHGDMHGRVWXSQD,QWHUQHWNRQHNFLMD
98
Baze podataka
8WHUPLQDOXNRQ]ROLVLVWHPDSRWUHEQRMHL]YUãLWLVOHGHüHQDUHGEH
sudo apt-get update
3UYDQDUHGEDDåXULUDUHSR]LWRULMXPGRVWXSQRJVRIWYHUD
apt-get install mysql-server -y
'UXJD QDUHGED YUãL LQVWDODFLMX 0\64/ VHUYHUD SUHX]LPDQMHP L LQVWDODFLMRP

SRWUHEQLKGDWRWHNDVDUHSR]LWRULMXPDVRIWYHUD
sudo mysql_secure_installation
7UHüDQDUHGEDSRNUHüHDODW]DDXWRPDWVNRSRGHãDYDQMH0\64/VHUYHUD3RWUHEQRMH
LVSUDWLWL VYH NRUDNH X LQWHUDNWLYQRM NRQ]ROQRM DSOLNDFLML 3RWUHEQR MH SRVHEQR REUDWLWL
SDåQMX QD GHR ]D XQRV OR]LQNH URRW NRULVQLND 0\64/ VHUYHUD 1HRSKRGQR MH XQHWL
OR]LQNX NRMD üH ELWL NRULãüHQD RG VWUDQH DGPLQLVWUDWRUD QDNRQ ]DYUãHWND LQVWDODFLMH
3ULOLNRP XQRVD OR]LQNH QD WHUPLQDOX VH QH YLGH NDUDNWHUL QLWL ]YH]GLFH NDR Paska
OR]LQNH3RWUHEQRMHSUHFL]QRXQHWLOR]LQNXD]DWLPLVWXWXSRWYUGLWL8VOXþDMXJUHãNH
SURJUDPüH]DWUDåLWLGDVHNRUDNSRQRYL
systemctl enable mysql
ýHWYUWDQDUHGEDDNWLYLUD0\64/VHUYLVLRPRJXüDYDGDVHLVWLDXWRPDWVNLSRNUHQH
SULOLNRPVOHGHüHJ SRNUHWDQMDRSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPD
systemctl start mysql
3HWDQDUHGEDYUãLDNWLYLUDQMH0\64/VHUYHUDEH]SRWUHEH]DSRQRYQLPSRNUHWDQMHP
UDþXQDUDLRSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPD
,QVWDODFLMDQD*18/LQX[VLVWHPLPDED]LUDQLPQD5HG+DWGLVWULEXFLML
0HÿX RYLP GLVWULEXFLMDPD VX 5HG+DW )HGRUD &HQW26 RSHUDWLYQL VLVWHPL =D
XVSHãQRLQVWDOLUDQMH0\64/VHUYHUDSRWUHEQRMHLPDWLSULVWXSNRULVQLNXNRMLLPDSUDYR
GDL]YUãLQDUHGEHVDDGPLQLVWUDWRUVNLPSULYLOHJLMDPDQDVLVWHPXWMGDSRVHGXMHVXGRHU
SUDYD3RGUD]XPHYDVHGDMHGRVWXSQD,QWHUQHWNRQHNFLMD
8 WUHQXWNX SLVDQMD RYH NQMLJH ,QWHUQHW DGUHVD VD NRMH MH ELOR PRJXüH SUHX]HWL
GDWRWHNX ]D LQVWDODFLMX SDNHWD VRIWYHUD ]D <80 DODW ]D XSUDYOMDQMH SDNHWLPD MH ELOD
GHYP\VTOFRPGRZQORDGVUHSR\XP.
99
Baze podataka
Sa te adrese je potUHEQRSUHX]HWLDGHNYDWQXGDWRWHNX]DRSHUDWLYQLVLVWHPQDNRMHP
WUHEDGDEXGHLQVWDOLUDQVRIWYHU
.DGD530MHGDWRWHND]DLQVWDODFLMXSDNHWDVRIWYHUDSUHX]HWDXWHUPLQDOXNRQ]ROL
VLVWHPDSRWUHEQRMHL]YUãLWLVOHGHüHQDUHGEH
sudo rpm -ivh IME_PREUZETE_DATOTEKE.rpm
3UYDQDUHGEDGRGDMH<80UHSR]LWRULMXPVDNRMHJVHYUãLVHWXS0\64/VHUYHUD
sudo yum install mysql-server -y
'UXJD QDUHGED YUãL LQVWDODFLMX 0\64/ VHUYHUD SUHX]LPDQMHP L LQVWDODFLMRP

SRWUHEQLKGDWRWHNDVDUHSR]LWRULMXPDVRIWYHUD
systemctl enable mysql
7UHüD QDUHGED DNWLYLUD 0\64/ VHUYLV L RPRJXüDYD GD VH LVWL DXWRPDWVNL SRNUHQH
SULOLNRPVOHGHüHJSRNUHWDQMDRSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPD
systemctl start mysql
ýHWYUWD QDUHGED YUãL DNWLYLUDQMH 0\64/ VHUYHUD EH] SRWUHEH ]D SRQRYQLP
SRNUHWDQMHPUDþXQDUDLRSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPD
sudo mysql_secure_installation
3HWDQDUHGEDSRNUHüHDODW]DDXWRPDWVNRSRGHãDYDQMH0\64/VHUYHUD3RWUHEQRMH
LVSUDWLWL VYH NRUDNH X LQWHUDNWLYQRM NRQ]ROQRM DSOLNDFLML 3RWUHEQR MH SRVHEQR REUDWLWL
SDåQMXQDGHR]DXQRVOR]LQNHURRWNRULVQika MySQL servera.
1HRSKRGQRMH XQHWLOR]LQNX NRMD üH ELWL NRULãüHQD RG VWUDQH DGPLQLVWUDWRUD QDNRQ
]DYUãHWND LQVWDODFLMH 3ULOLNRP XQRVD OR]LQNH QD WHUPLQDOX VH QH YLGH NDUDNWHUL QLWL
]YH]GLFH NDR PDVND OR]LQNH 3RWUHEQR MH SUHFL]QR XQHWL OR]LQNX D ]DWLP LVWX WX
potvrditi.
8 VOXþDMX JUHãNH SURJUDP üH ]DWUDåLWL GD VH NRUDN SRQRYL 7UHED LVSUDWLWL NRUDNH
SULND]DQH X NRQ]ROL 8 VOXþDMX QHSUHGYLÿHQH JUHãNH SRNXãDWL SRQRYQX LQVWDODFLMX LOL
SUDüHQMHGRGDWQLKXSXWVWDYDL]]YDQLþQHGRNXPHQWDFLMH
100
Baze podataka
8.1.2 ,QWHUDNFLMDsa serverom
,QWHUDNFLMD VD 0\64/ VHUYHURP MH PRJXüD QD YLãH QDþLQD 3RVWRMH SURJUDPL NRML
LQWHUDNFLMX VD 0\64/ VHUYHURP ]DVQLYDMX QD JUDILþNRP NRULVQLþNRP LQWHUIHMVX L RQL
NRMLVHRVODQMDMXQDNRQ]ROQXWHNVWXDOQXLQWHUDNFLMX
1DNRQ XVSHãQH LQVWDODFLMH 0\64/ VHUYHUD QD RSHUDWLYQRP VLVWHPX SRWUHEQR MH
RGDEUDWLQDþLQQDNRMLüHVHXSUDYOMDWLED]DPDSRGDWDNDQDVHUYHUX
8 RYRP SRJODYOMX VH XSUDYOMDQMH 0\64/ VHUYHURP ]DGDYDQMH QDUHGEL L

GRSUHPDQMH RGJRYRUD YUãL NRULãüHQMHP DODWD ]D NRQ]ROQX LQWHUDNFLMX VD 0\64L
VHUYHURP
*ODYQD SUHGQRVW NRULãüHQMD NRQ]ROQRJ LQWHUIHMVD MH WD ãWR SRGVWLþH XþHQMH 64/
QDUHGEL NRMH VX QDMþHãüH X JUDILþNLP DODWLPD VDNULYHQH ]D DNWLYQRVWL L RSHUDFLMD GR
NRMLKVHGROD]LNRULãüHQMHPGXJPDGLWDEHODUQLKSULND]D ]DJODYOMDWDEHODR]QDNDitd.
2VLP WRJD SRVWRML YHOLNL EURM DODWD NRML VH ]DVQLYDMX QD XSUDYOMDQMX NUR] JUDILþNL
NRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMVNRMLVHXYHOLNRMPHULUD]OLNXMXLþLMLLQWHUIHMVLVHþHVWRPHQMDMX7R
MHGUXJLUD]ORJ]ERJNRMHJMHRGDEUDQNRQ]ROQLSULVWXSMHUMH64/MH]LNVWDQGDUGL]RYDQ
L QH PHQMD VH WROLNR þHVWR ãWR JDUDQWXMH GD üH SULPHUL L] RYRJ SRJODYOMD NQMLJH ELWL
WUDMQLMHXSRWUHEOMLYL]DXþHQMH64/MH]LNDLUDGDVDED]DPDSRGDWDND
8.1.2.1 .RQHNFLMDQDVHUYHUQD:LQGRZVRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX
1DNRQ XVSHãQH LQVWDODFLMH 0\64/ VHUYHUD NRULãüHQMHP SRGUD]XPHYDQLK RSFLMD X

VYLP NRUDFLPD LQVWDODFLRQRJ SURFHVD X 6WDUW PHQLMX WUHED SURQDüL SUHþLFX 0\64/
&RPPDQG/LQH&OLHQW- 8QLFRGHLSRNUHQXWLMH8SUYRPNRUDNXMHSRWUHEQRXQHWL
OR]LQNX URRW NRULVQLND 1DNRQ XQRVD LVSUDYQH OR]LQNH URRW NRULVQLND 0\64/ VHUYHUD
RWYDUDVH0\64/NRQ]ROD3RþHWDNNRPDQGQHOLQLMHSRþLQMHVD
mysql>
8.1.2.2 .RQHNFLMDQDVHUYHUQD*18/LQX[RSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX
1DNRQ XVSHãQH LQVWDODFLMH 0\64/ VHUYHUD SRWUHEQR MH RWYRULWL NRQ]ROX

RSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPDLXNXFDWLVOHGHüXQDUHGEX
mysql -u root -p
1DNRQ L]YUãDYDQMD RYH QDUHGH SRWUHEQR MH LVSUDWLWL XQHWL OR]LQNX URRW NRULVQLND
MySQL servera.
101
Baze podataka
8.1.3 .RQ]ROD0\64/VHUYHUD
8NRQ]ROL0\64/VHUYHUDVHXQRVH64/L]UD]LNRMLPRJXGDEXGXQDUHGEHLOLXSLWL
1DUHGEHVX64/L]UD]LNRMLQHYUDüDMXUH]XOWDWXYLGXVHWDSRGDWDNDGRNVXXSLWL64/
L]UD]LNRMLYUDüDMXUH]XOWDWHXYLGXVHWDSRGDWDND
.RQ]RODREH]EHÿXMHLQWHUIHMV]DLQWHUDNFLMXVD0\64/VHUYHURP8MHGQRM0\64/
NRQ]ROL X MHGQRP WUHQXWNX PRåH GD VH L]YUãDYD VDPR MHGQD QDUHGED 'RN VH MHGQD
QDUHGEDQH]DYUãLVOHGHüDQHPRåHGDSRþQH64/L]UD]LVHXNRQ]ROXXQRVHWHNVWXDOQR
LVYDNL64/L]UD]PRUDGDVH]DYUãLVDVLPERORPWDþND]DUH]
1DNUDMXUDGDSRWUHEQRMH]DWYRULWLNRQ]ROX0\64/VHUYHUDNRMDVHYUãLQDUHGERP
exit
8.2 SI17$.6$64/-(=,.$
64/ MH]LN MH VWDQGDUL]RYDQ MH]LN ,DNR SRVWRMH LPSOHPHQWDFLMH NRMH X RGUHÿHQLP
HOHPHQWLPD RGVWXSDMX RG VWDQGDUGD YHüLQD QDUHGEL ]D XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD
SRVWDYOMDQMHXSLWDL]DXUHÿLYDQMHVWUXNWXUDVX]DMHGQLþNH]DVYHLPSOHPHQWDFLMH
8.2.1 Neosetljivost na velika i mala slova
64/MH]LNQLMHRVHWOMLYQDYHOLNDLPDODVORYD6OHGHüDGYD64/XSLWDVXLGHQWLþQL
SELECT * FROM location WHERE name LIKE "%grad%";

select * from location where name like "%grad%";
1HRVHWOMLYRVW QD YHOLND L PDOD VORYD VH RGQRVL QD UH]HUYLVDQH UHþL 64/ MH]LND
=DYLVQR RG RSHUDWLYQRJ VLVWHPD L SRGHãDYDQMD 0\64/ VHUYHUD RQ PRåH GD EXGH
RVHWOMLY QD YHOLND L PDOD VORYD NDGD VX X SLWDQMX LPHQD WDEHOD SROMD LQGHNVD LWG 1D
RSHUDWLYQLP VLVWHPLPD NDR ãWR VX *18/LQX[ GLVWULEXFLMH VOHGHüH GYH QDUHGEH QHüH
ELWLWUHWLUDQHNDRLGHQWLþQHGRNQD:LQGRZVRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPXQDMþHãüHKRüH
SELECT * from LOCATION where NAME like "%grad%";

select * from LOCATION WHERE NAME LIKE "%grad%";
Napomena: =ERJþLWOMLYRVWL64/L]UD]DSUHSRUXþHQRMHGDVHUH]HUYLVDQHUHþL64/
jezika pišu velikim, a imena baza, tabela, polja i indeksa malim slovima.
102
Baze podataka
8.2.2 %HOLQH
8 64/ MH]LNX EHOLQH QHPDMX VSHFLMDOQR ]QDþHQMH -HGDQ 64/ L]UD] PRåH GD VH
SURVWLUHXYLãHUHGRYDDVYDNLUHGPRåHGDEXGHSRPHUHQRGOHYHPDUJLQHVDMHGQRP
LOLYLãHUD]OLþLWLKWLSRYDEHOLQD%HOLQHL]PHÿXGHORYD64/L]UD]DWDNRÿHQHPDMXXWLFDM
QD ]QDþHQMH RVLP L]PHÿX UH]HUYLVDQLK UHþL LPHQD WDEHOD SROMD LQ LQGHNVD JGH MH
QHRSKRGQRGDSRVWRMLEDUHPMHGQDEHOLQD%HOLQHPRJXGDEXGXUD]PDFL WDEXODWRULLOL
SUHODVFLXQRYLUHG
0\64/VHUYHUüHVOHGHüDGYD64/L]UD]DGDWUHWLUDNDRLGHQWLþQH
SELECT *
FROM location
WHERE name LIKE "%grad%";
SELECT * FROM location WHERE name LIKE "%grad%";
3UYL64/L]UD]MHSUHJOHGQLMLMHUVXGHORYL64/L]UD]D MDVQRSRGHOMHQLXWULFHOLQH
âWDVHVHOHNWXMH"
2GDNOHVHVHOHNWXMH"
.RMLMHXVORY]DILOWULUDQMH"
'UXJL64/L]UD]MHPDQMHSUHJOHGDQDOLMHNRPSDNWDQDOLMHVYDNDNRLVSUDYDQ
=DSULND]DQH64/L]UD]H0\64/VHUYHUüHYUDWLWLLGHQWLþDQUH]XOWDWWMSRGDtke o
VYLPORNDFLMDPDþLMHLPHVDGUåLWHNVWJUDGXVHEL
8.2.3 Komentari
.RPHQWDULVHQDMþHãüHNRULVWHNDGDVH64/L]UD]þXYDXGDWRWHFLLNDGDMHSRWUHEQR
GDVHGRGDWQRSRMDVQLQHNLL]UD]
64/MH]LNSRGUåDYDGYDWLSDNRPHQWDUD
1. .RPHQWDULXMHGQRPUHGXL
2. .RPHQWDULXYLãHUHGRYD
Komentari u jednom redu
.DGDMHSRWUHEQRQDSLVDWLNUDüLNRPHQWDU]DNRMLMHGRYROMDQVDPRMHGDQUHGWHNVWD
PRåHGDVHNRULVWLWLSNRPHQWDUDXMHGQRPUHGX.RPHQWDULXMHGQRPUHGXVHSLãXWDNR
ãWR VH RWNXFDMX GYD X]DVWRSQD VLPEROD - PLQXV SUDüHQD UD]PDNRP L]D NRMHJ VOHGL
WHNVWNRPHQWDUD6DYWHNVWGRNUDMDWRJUHGDVHVPDWUD]DNRPHQWDUDVDYWHNVWSUHGYD
X]DVWRSQDVLPEROD- PLQXVQLMHSRGNRPHQWDURP
103
Baze podataka
3ULPHU64/L]UD]DRSLVDQRJNRPHQWDURPXMHGQRPUHGXMH
-- ©ćɑɑ
SELECT *
FROM location
WHERE
name LIKE "%grad%";
Komentari u više redova
.DGDMHSRWUHEQRQDSLVDWLGHWDOMQLMLNRPHQWDU]DNRMLQLMHGRYROMDQVDPRMHGDQUHG
WHNVWDPRåHGDVHNRULVWLWLSNRPHQWDUDXYLãHUHGRYD.RPHQWDULXYLãHUHGRYDVHSLãX
WDNR ãWR VH EORN NRPHQWDUD RWYRUL NRPELQDFLMRP NDUDNWHUD VOHã L DVWHULVN QDNRQ
NRMHJVOHGLWHNVWNRPHQWDUDNRMLPRåHGDVHSURVWLUHXYLãHUHGRYDDOLQDNUDMXWUHEDGD
VH]DWYRULVDNRPELQDFLMRPNDUDNWHUD DVWHULVNL VOHã6DYWHNVWSUH LSRVOH QLMH
GHRNRPHQWDUDLWUHWLUDVHNDRQDUHGED64/L]UD]D
3ULPHU64/L]UD]DRSLVDQRJNRPHQWDURPXYLãHUHGRYDMH
ŵƋ©Ŝ
©©
ćɑɑŜƋŵ
SELECT *
FROM location
WHERE
name LIKE "%grad%";
.RPELQRYDQMHNRPHQWDUD
64/MH]LNSRGUåDYDNRPELQRYDQMHNRPHQWDUD.RPHQWDULPRJXGDVHQDOD]HXQXWDU
64/L]UD]D2QLQHUHPHWHL]YUãDYDQMH64/L]UD]D
3ULPHU64/L]UD]DþLMLGHORYLVXRSLVDQLNRPHQWDULPDNRPELQRYDQMHPNRPHQWDUDD
MHGDQUHGLNRPHQWDUD]DYLãHUHGRYDMH
-- ćɑɑ
SELECT * --
FROM location
WHERE
name LIKE /* LIKE umesto RLIKE, jer se koriste reƋŵɑʩʩɑŚ
104
Baze podataka
8.3 TIPOVI PODATAKA
6YLSRGDFLXUHODFLRQLPED]DPDSRGDWDNDLPDMXVYRMWLSLPHLYUHGQRVW6WDQGDUGQL
64/ MH]LN SURSLVXMH QHNROLNR RVQRYQLK WLSRYD SRGDWDND GRN SRMHGLQDþQH
LPSOHPHQWDFLMH XYRGH VRSVWYHQH L]YHGHQH DOL L QRYH RVQRYQH WLSRYH NRML QLVX
SURSLVDQLVWDQGDUGQLP64/MH]LNRP
2VQRYQLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDNRMHVHNRULVWHX0\64/LPSOHPHQWDFLML64/MH]LNDVX
7HNVWXDOQL 1XPHULþNLL 9UHPHQVNL
8.3.1 7HNVWXDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDND
7HNVWLOQL WLSRYL SRGDWDND VH NRULVWH ]D þXYDQMH WHNVWXDOQLK YUHGQRVWL NDR ãWR VX
LPHQDRSLVLR]QDNHEURMHYLWHOHIRQDDGUHVHHOHNWURQVNHSRãWHLWG0\64/SRGUåDYD
QHNROLNR VSHFLILþQLK WHNVWXDOQLK WLSRYD SRGDWDND NRML VH UD]OLNXMX SUHPD PHKDQL]PX
þXYDQMD YUHGQRVWL NRGLUDQMX WHNVWXDOQRJ ]DSLVD L SUHPD QDMYHüRM GXåLQL WHNVWXDOQH
YUHGQRVWLNRMDPRåHGDVHþXYDXSROMLPDRGUHÿHQRJWLSD2YLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVHGHOH
QDNRGLUDQHLQHNRGLUDQH
Kodirani WHNVWXDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVHNRULVWH]DþXYDQMHWHNVWXDOQLKYUHGQRVWLJGH
WHNVW QLMH NRGLUDQ $6&,, NRGQRP PDSRP YHü 8QLFRGH NRGQRP PDSRP SURPHQOMLYH
ãLULQH1DMþHãüHVHGXåLQDYUHGQRVWLRYLKWLSRYDSRGDWDNDL]UDåDYDXEURMXNDUDNWHUD
Nekodirani ili ELQDUQL WLSRYL SRGDWDND VH NRULVWH ]DþXYDQMHELQDUQLK ]DSLVD NDR
ãWR VX VDGUåDML GDWRWHND LOL ELQDUQLK VHULMDOL]DFLMD REMHNDWD L] SURJUDPD 1DMþHãüH VH
GXåLQDYUHGQRVWLRYLKWLSRYDSRGDWDNDL]UDåDYDXEURMXEDMWRYD
6SHFLILþQLNRGLUDQLWHNVWXDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVX
&+$5 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUDNWHra.
9$5&+$5 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUDNWHUD
7(;7 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUDNWHUD
7,1<7(;7 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUDNWHUD
0(',807(;7 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUDNWHUD
/21*7(;7 'XåLQDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDNDUaktera.
6SHFLILþQLELQDUQLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVX
%,1$5< 'XåLQD]DSLVDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDEDMWRYD
9$5%,1$5< 'XåLQD]DSLVDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDEDMWRYD
BLOB 'XåLQD]DSLVDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDEDMWRYD
0(',80%/2% 'XåLQD]DSLVDMHRJUDQLþHQDQD.215 bajtova.
/21*%/2% 'XåLQD]DSLVDMHRJUDQLþHQDQDEDMWRYD
105
Baze podataka
3RUHG NRGLUDQLK WHNVWXDOQLK L ELQDUQLK WLSRYD SRGDWDND SRVWRMH WLSRYL SRGDWDND

(180L6(72QLRPRJXüDYDMXGDVHXQDSUHGGHILQLVDQHWHNVWXDOQHYUHGQRVWLþXYDMX
XSROMLPDWLKWLSRYDX]PDQMXSRWURãQMXSURVWRUD
(180 1DMYLãHMHGLQVWYHQLKYUHGQRVWL
3ROMHPRåHGDVDGUåLVDPRMHGQXRGYUHGQRVWL
6(7 1DMYLãHMHGLQVWYHQHYUHGQRVWL
3ROMHPRåHGDVDGUåLQDMYLãHMHGLQVWYHQHYUHGQRVWL
8.3.2 1XPHULþNLWLSRYLYUHGQRVWL
1XPHULþNL WLSRYL SRGDWDND VH NRULVWH ]D þXYDQMH QXPHULþNLK YUHGQRVWL NDR ãWRVX
NROLþLQD FHQD YLVLQD LWG 0\64/ SRGUåDYD QHNROLNR VSHFLILþQLK QXPHULþNLK WLSRYD
SRGDWDNDNRMLVHUD]OLNXMXSUHPDWRPHGDOLþXYDMXFHOHLOLUHDOQHYUHGQRVWL1XPHULþNL
tipovi podataka VH GHOH QD FHOREURMQH UHDOQH 5HDOQL VH GRGDWQR GHOH QD UHDOQH VD
ILNVQRPLQDUHDOQHVDSURPHQOMLYRPSR]LFLMRPGHFLPDOQHWDþNH
1XPHULþNL WLSRYL SRGDWDND PRJX GD EXGX R]QDþHQL L QHR]QDþHQL 2]QDþHQL

QXPHULþNL WLSRYL SRGUåDYDMX QHJDWLYQH YUHGQRVWL GRN QHR]QDþHQL SRGUåDYDMX VDPR
SR]LWLYQHYUHGQRVWLLQXOX
2]QDþHQLFHOREURMQLQXPHULþNLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVX
INT 2SVHJRG-2147483648 do 2147483647.

7,1<,17 2SVHJRG-128 do 127.
SMALLINT 2SVHJRG-32768 do 32767.
0(',80,17 2SVHJRG-8388608 do 8388607.
%,*,17 Od -9223372036854775808 do 9223372036854775807.
1HR]QDþHQLFHOREURMQLQXPHULþNLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVX
INT 2SVHJRGGR
7,1<,17 2SVHJRGGR
SMALLINT 2SVHJRGGR
0(',80,17 2SVHJRGGR
%,*,17 2SVHJRGGR44.073.709.551.615.
2]QDþHQLUHDOQLQXPHULþNLWLSRYLVDILNVQRPGHFLPDOQRPWDþNRPVX
ଵ ଵ
'(&,0$/&' 2SVHJRGെ10஼ି஽ିଵ െ ଵ଴ವ do 10஼ି஽ െ ଵ଴ವ.
180(5,& ,GHQWLþQDLPSOHPHQWDFLMDNDR'(&,0$/WLS
106
Baze podataka
1HR]QDþHQLUHDOQLQXPHULþNLWLSRYLVDILNVQRPGHFLPDOQRPWDþNRPVX
ଵ
'(&,0$/&' 2SVHJRGGR10஼ି஽ െ ଵ଴ವ.
180(5,& ,GHQWLþQDLPSOHPHQWDFLMDNDR'(&,0$/WLS
3RUHGQDYHGHQLKWLSRYDSRGDWDNDSRVWRMHUHDOQLQXPHULþNLWLSRYLVDSURPHQOMLYRP
ଵ
GHFLPDOQRP )/2$7 L '28%/( þLMH YUHGQRVWL VX X RSVHJX RG െ10஼ି஽ିଵ െ ವ do
ଵ଴
஼ି஽ ଵ
10 െ V WLP GD VH X PHPRULML þXYD SULEOLåDQ EURM MHU MH PHPRULMVNL SURVWRU
ଵ଴ವ
RGUHÿHQ]DþXYDQMH)/2$7L'28%/(YUHGQRVWLRJUDQLþHQDJUDQLþQHYUHGQRVWLVX
FLOAT 2SVHJRGെ3,4 ‫ כ‬10ଷ଼ do 3,4 ‫ כ‬10ଷ଼ .

'28%/( 2SVHJRGെ1,8 ‫ כ‬10ଷ଴଼ do 1,8 ‫ כ‬10ଷ଴଼.
8.3.3 Vremenski WLSRYLSRGDWDND
9UHPHQVNL WLSRYL VH NRULVWH ]D þXYDQMH GDWXPD YUHPHQD NRPELQDFLMH GDWXPD L
YUHPHQD LQWHUYDOD LWG 0\64/ SRGUåDYD QHNROLNR VSHFLILþQLK YUHPHQVNLK WLSRYD
SRGDWDNDNRMLVHUD]OLNXMXSUHPDPHKDQL]PXþXYDQMDXPHPRULMLLSUHPDQDPHQL
9UHPHQVNLWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVHGHOHQD
<($5 2SVHJRGGRJRGLQH0RåHGDEXGHL
'$7(7,0( 2SVHJRGXGRX
'$7( 2SVHJGDWXPDRGGRJRGLQH
7,0( 2SVHJYUHPHQDRGGR59.
7,0(67$03 2SVHJRGXGRX
7LSRYL SRGDWDND '$7(7,0( L 7,0(67$03 SRGUåDYDMX ]DSLV GR PLOLRQLWRJ

GHORYDVHNXQGHRGGRVHNXQGL
8.3.4 6SHFLMDOQLWLSRYLSRGDWDND
0\64/ SRGUåDYD VSHFLMDOQH WLSRYH SRGDWDND SRUHG VWDQGDUGQLK NRML VX RSLVDQL
0HÿXQMLPDVXSURVWRUQLWLSRYLNRMLQDOD]HSULPHQXXRGUHÿHQLPREODVWLPDNDRãWRVX
JHRJUDIVNLLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHPLLGUXJLVLVWHPLNRMLUDGHVDSURVWRUQLPSRGDFLPD2VLP
SURVWRUQLK WLSRYD SRGDWDND 0\64/ SRGUåDYD -SON tipove podataka. JSON tip je
VSHFLILþDQ MHU X RGUHÿHQRM PHUL QDUXãDYD SULQFLSH UHODFLRQLK ED]D SRGDWDND MHU
REH]EHÿXMH PHKDQL]DP ]D þXYDQMH VORåHQLK SRGDWDND SURL]YROMQH VWUXNWXUH X SROMLPD
WDEHOH-621SRGDFLVHX0\64/ED]DPDSRGDWDNDEHOHåHNDRWHNVWXDOQLDOLSRVHEQH
MH]LþNH NRQVWUXNFLMH RPRJXüDYDMX NRULãüHQMH L UHIHUHQFLUDQMH VWUXNWXUD SRGDWDND
VPHãWHQLKXQXWDUSROMDNRMHVDGUåL-621YUHGQRVW
107
Baze podataka
8RYRMNQML]LRYHGYHJUXSHWLSRYDSRGDWDNDQLVXSRVHEQRREUDÿHQH]ERJQMLKRYH
VSHFLILþQH QDPHQH NDR L ]ERJ WRJD ãWR QLVX X SLWDQMX VWDQGDUGQL WLSRYL SRGDWDND
SUHGYLÿHQL64/MH]LNRP
8.3.5 2GDELUWLSDSRGDWND
8 SRJODYOMX SRVYHüHQRP PRGHORYDQMX SRGDWDND REMDãQMHQR MH SUHVOLNDYDQMH

HQWLWHWD8WRPSRVWXSNXMHGDQRGNRUDNDMHRGUHÿLYDQMHVSLVNDSROMDNRMLPDMHRSLVDQ
HQWLWHW3ULOLNRPIRUPLUDQMDWDEHODNRMHXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSUHGVWDYOMDMXWHHQWLWHWH
SRUHGLPHQkQMLKRYLKSROMDSRWUHEQRMHRGUHGLWLQMLKRYHWLSRYHSRGDWDND
2GDELU DGHNYDWQRJ WLSD SRGDWND MH YDåDQ MHU X VOXþDMX SUYRELWQRJ SRJUHãQRJ
RGDELUDWLSDXVOXþDMXNDVQLMHSRWUHEH]DSURPHQRPWLSDQHRSKRGQRMHL]YUãLWLSURFHV
PLJUDFLMH
0LJUDFLMDLPD]DFLOMGDVHVWUXNWXUDSRGDWDNDWUDQVIRUPLãHQDWDMQDþLQGDVHSRGDFL
QH L]JXEH D GD VH RWYRUL QRYL SURVWRU ]D SURãLUHQMH RSVHJD YUHGQRVWL NRMH WR SROMH X
EXGXüQRVWLPRåHGDþXYD
3ULPHULRGDELUDLVSUDYQRJWLSDSRGDWND
,PHRVREHPRåHGDEXGH9$5&+$5WLSSRGDWNDRJUDQLþHQHGXåLQHDOLQH
PRåHGDEXGH'(&,0$/LOL,17
&HQD DUWLNOD PRåH GD EXGH '(&,0$/ DNR MH SRWUHEQR HYLGHQWLUDWL
FHQHNRMHVXUHDOQHYUHGQRVWLDOLDNRVXFHQHXYHNFHOREURMQHGRYROMQRMH
NRULVWLWLWLSSRGDWND,17
,' EURM NDUWLFH PRåH GD EXGH ,17 816,*1(' DNR VH RELP YUHGQRVWL
EURMD ,' NDUWLFH XNODSD X RNYLUH QDMYHüHJ SRGUåDQRJ EURMD QHR]QDþHQH
FHOREURMQH QXPHULþNH YUHGQRVWL WLSD ,17 0HÿXWLP DNR ,' EURM NDUWLFH
VDGUåLVSHFLMDOQHNDUDNWHUHLOLHYHQWXDOQRVORYQHNDUDNWHUHRQGDMHEROMH
NRULVWLWL&+$5LOL9$5&+$5SRWUHEQHGXåLQH
.DGDMHSRWUHEQRHYLGHQWLUDWLVWDWXVSDNHWDLOLSRãLOMNHPRJXüHMHNRULVWLWL
WLSSRGDWND7,1<,17816,*1('GXåLQHXNRMHPMHSRPRüXYUHGQRVWL
LOLPRJXüHXND]DWLQDWRGDOLMHSRãLOMNDSRVODWDLOLQH0HÿXWLPEROMD
RSFLMD MH GHILQLVDWL (180 WLS VD SRGUåDQLP YUHGQRVWLPD NRMH PRJX GD
XNDåXQDYLãHNRUDNDXSRVWXSNXGRVWDYHSDNHWDLOLSRãLOMNHQSUSHQGLQJ
VHQWORVWUHWXUQHGGHOLYHUHGLWG
108
Baze podataka
8.4 64/.52=35$.7,ý$135,0(5
8RYRMNQML]LMHXSR]QDYDQMH]D64/MH]LNRP]DVQRYDQRQDXþHQMXNUR]SUDNWLþDQ
SULPHU 3ULPHU NRML VH NRULVWL REXKYDWD VYH NRUDNH SRþHY RG UDVWDYOMDQMD SURMHNWQRJ
WHNVWD VD SRVORYQRP ORJLNRP SUHNR RGUHÿLYDQMD HQWLWHWD L QMLKRYLK DWULEXWD L
SUHYRÿHQMDLVWLKXPRGHOED]HSRGDWDNDGRGHILQLVDQMDVWUXNWXUDSRGDWDNDNRULãüHQMHP
64/ QDUHGEL 1DNRQ SUDYOMHQMD WDEHOD VD VYLP QHRSKRGQLP UHODFLMDPD LQGHNVLPD L
RJUDQLþHQMLPD NRULãüHQMHP 64/ QDUHGEL MH SRND]DQR NDNR VH XSUDYOMD SRGDFLPD
NRULãüHQMHP64/MH]LND
8.4.1 $QDOL]DLGHNRPSR]LFLMDSRVORYQRJSURFHVD
6DVWDYQLGHRUDGDVDED]DPDSRGDWDNDMHQMLKRYRPRGHORYDQMH3ULOLNRPGHILQLVDQMD
PRGHOD ED]H SRGDWDND QDMþHãüH VH RVODQMDPR QD SRVWRMHüX SRVORYQX ORJLNX ]D NRMX
WUHED LPSOHPHQWLUDWL ED]X SRGDWDND NRMD WUHED GD þXYD SRVORYQH SRGDWNH L SRGDWNH R
SRVORYQLP WUDQVDNFLMDPD 8 WDNYLP VLWXDFLMDPD QH SRVWRML XYHN SRWSXQD VORERGD ]D
VDPRVWDOQRIRUPLUDQMHPRGHODSUHPDVRSVWYHQLP]DKWHYLPDYHüMHQHRSKRGQo obaviti
GHNRPSR]LFLMX WHNVWD SURMHNWQRJ ]DKWHYD L QD RVQRYX QMHJD IRUPLUDWL PRGHO ED]H
SRGDWDND7HNVWSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYDVDGUåLVDåHWLSUHJOHGSRVORYQHORJLNH]DNRMXWUHED
IRUPLUDWL DGHNYDWDQ PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND 3URMHNWQL ]DKWHY QD NRMHP VH ]DVQLYDMX
SULPHULNUR]NRMHVHXYRGHMH]LþNHNRQVWUXNFLMH64/MH]LNDMHGDWXQDVWDYNX
7HNVWSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYD
©«ì
Ŝř©ćs artikla.
ćìŜì
Ŝćć
ì©ì©Ŝ
ŜćŜ
evidencija o istorijskim promenama cena artikala. Kompanija nabavlja artikle od
««Ŝ«řř
telefon i ìŜřć
«ř
jedinstven, kao i lokacija na koju se artikli dostavljaju. Klijentima kompanije se
«Ŝćřř
ìřŜ
ř«
ìř« Ŝ«ć
ì©«Ŝćì©Ŝ
©Ŝ«©ř
ć«°«Ŝ
ììŜ
ć«řìř©ř
Ŝ ćì
Ŝřć«Ŝ
109
Baze podataka
3RVWXSDNGHNRPSR]LFLMH
.RUDFLXGHNRPSR]LFLMLWHNVWDSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYDVX
,GHQWLILNRYDQMHHQWLWHWD
,GHQWLILNRYDQMHL]ULþLWLKDWULEXWDHQWLWHWk
,GHQWLILNRYDQMHSRGUD]XPHYDQLKDWULEXWDHQWLWHWk
,GHQWLILNRYDQMHUHODFLMDL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD
8.4.2 Identifikovanje entiteta
,]WHNVWDSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYDPRJXüHMHLGHQWLILNRYDWLHQWLWHWHVDNRMLPDDSOLNDFLMD
]DNRMXWUHEDPRGHORYDWLED]XSRGDWDNDWUHEDGDUadi.
8 QDVWDYNX MH SRQRYOMHQ WHNVW SURMHNWQRJ ]DKWHYD VD LPHQLPD HQWLWHWD LVWDNQXWLP
YHOLNLPVORYLPD
©LOKACIJA «ì
ARTIKALA. Svaki ARTIKAL ř©ćŜ
Jedan ARTIKAL ćìKATEGORIJEŜì
KATEGORIJA koje imaju jedinstveno ime. Svakom ARTILKU ćć
ìOSOBINA ©ì©ŜOSOBINE TIPU OSOBINE i
ŜCENE ARTIKLA ćŜ
evidencija o istorijskim promenama CENA ARTIKALA. Kompanija nabavlja ARTIKLE od
« ,. Svaki , ima jeřř
ìŜNABAVKEřć
«ARTIKALA, identifikacioni broj transakcije koji mora da bude
jedinstven, kao i LOKACIJA na koju se ARTIKLI dostavljaju. KLIJENTIMA kompanije se
, ARTIKLE. Za svakog KLIJENTA ćřř
ìřŜ
Prilikom evidencije prodaje KLIJENTU, formira se , edan ili
ìARTIKALAř«Ŝ, ć
ì* «Ŝćì* . Svaka VRSTA
* Ŝ, ©řmpanija
ćKLIJENTU «ARTIKLE °,. Svaka ISPORUKA se
ììŜ
ć«řìř©ř
da ŜćìTRANSFER ARTIKALA sa
jedne LOKACIJE na drugu. Prilikom TRANSFERAřć«ARTIKALA.
.DGDVHVYLREHOHåHQLHQWLWHWLVYHGXXQRPLQDWLYMHGQLQHLPHQLFHLSULNDåXXYLGX
OLVWH YLGL VH GD MH LGHQWLILNRYDQR L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLK HQWLWHWD X WHNVWX SURMHNWQRJ
]DKWHYD7LHQWLWHWLVX
/2.$&,-$ &(1$ 3/$û$1-(

ARTIKAL '2%$9/-$ý 9567$3/$û$1-$
.$7(*25,-$ NABAVKA ISPORUKA
OSOBINA ./,-(17 75$16)(5
7,3262%,1( 5$ý81
110
Baze podataka
2YL HQWLWHWL üH X PRGHOX ED]H SRGDWDND ELWL SUHGVWDYOMHQL X YLGX WDEHOD L]PHÿX
NRMLK üH ELWL QDSUDYOMHQH UHODFLMH NRMD X MHGQRP RG QDUHGQLK NRUDND WUHED GD EXGX
LGHQWLILNRYDQMH
8.4.3 IdentifiNRYDQMHL]ULþLWLKDWULEXWDHQWLWHWk
,GHQWLILNRYDQMH L]ULþLWLK DWULEXWD HQWLWHWk VH YUãL LVNOMXþLYR QD RVQRYX WHNVWD
SURMHNWQRJ ]DKWHYD L SUHGVWDYOMD SRVWXSDN SURãLUHQMD LQIRUPDFLMD R SRVWRMHüLP
HQWLWHWLPD 8 RYRP SRVWXSNX VH QDYRGH VDPR RQL DWULEXWL NRML VX L]ULþLWL QDYHGHQL X
SURMHNWQRMGRNXPHQWDFLMLLNRMLPRJXGDVHL]YHGXL]WHNVWDSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYD
8QDVWDYNXMHSRQRYOMHQWHNVWSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYDL]SUHWKRGQRJNRUDNDVDLPHQLPD
DWULEXWDLVWDNQXWLPSRGYXþHQLPVORYLPD
© «adresama ì

ARTIKALA. Svaki ARTIKAL poseduje jedinstveno ime, kao i © i ć artikla.
ćì
Ŝì

e imaju jedinstveno imeŜćć
ì©ì©Ŝ
imaju jedinstveno ime. ćŜ
evidencija o istorijskim promenama CENA ARTIKALA. Kompanija nabavlja ARTIKLE od
« ,Ŝ ,, adresu, jedinstveni
telefon i jedinstvenu ìŜřć
se « nabavljenih ARTIKALA, identifikacioni broj transakcije koji mora da bude
jedinstven, kao i LOKACIJA na koju se ARTIKLI dostavljaju. KLIJENTIMA kompanije se
,Ŝ ćime, ,
jedinstvena ì, kao i adresa Ŝ
ř,ì
ARTIKALA, kao i « Ŝ,ćì
* «Ŝćì* Ŝ
* Ŝ,©ř
ć «°,Ŝ
evidentira i ima svoj ì i status isporuke. Status isporuke
ć«řìř©ř
Ŝćì
Ŝ řć« prenetih ARTIKALA.
.DGDVXVYLREHOHåHQLDWULEXWLVYHGHQLXQRPLQDWLYMHGQLQHLNDGDVXSULGUXåHQLOLVWL
LGHQWLILNRYDQLKHQWLWHWDQDVWDMHVOHGHüLVSLVDN
/2.$&,-$adresa 5$ý81

.$7(*25,-$ime 3/$û$1-(iznos
262%,1$vrednost 9567$3/$û$1-$naziv
7,3262%,1(ime 75$16)(5NROLþLQD
&(1$iznos $57,.$/imeNUDüLRSLVGXåLRSLV
'2%$9/-$ýnazivadresatelefonDGUHVDHOHNWURQVNHSRãWH
1$%$9.$NROLþLQDLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMWUDQVDNFLMH
./,-(17imeSUH]LPHDGUHVDHOHNWURQVNHSRãWH adresa
,63258.$MHGLQVWYHQLEURMSRãLOMNHstatus
111
Baze podataka
,GHQWLILNRYDQMHSRGUD]XPHYDQLKDWULEXWDHQWLWHWk
,GHQWLILNRYDQMH SRGUD]XPHYDQLK DWULEXWD HQWLWHWk VH YUãL GRSXQRP SUHWKRGQR

VDþLQMHQH OLVWH WDNR ãWR VH GRGDMX DWULEXWL NRML VX XRELþDMHQR SRWUHEQL ]D þXYDQMH
LQIRUPDFLMDR]DSLVLPDXWDEHODPDED]HSRGDWDND
8RELþDMHQLSRGUD]XPHYDQLDWULEXWLVX
$WULEXW]DMHGLQVWYHQLLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURM]DSLVD
$WULEXW]DGDWXPLYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD]DSLVD
$WULEXW]DLQGLNDFLMXVWDWXVDDNWLYQRVWLLYLGOMLYRVWL]DSLVDLWG
.DGD VH SRVWRMHüHP VSLVNX HQWLWHWD L QMLKRYLK DWULEXWD GRGDMX XRELþDMHQH

SRGUD]XPHYDQHDWULEXWHQDVWDMHVOHGHüLVSLVDN
/2.$&,-$DGUHVDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
$57,.$/LPHNUDüLRSLVGXåLRSLVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
.$7(*25,-$LPHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
262%,1$YUHGQRVWYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
7,3262%,1(LPHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
&(1$L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
'2%$9/-$ýQD]LYDGUHVDWHOH-SRãWDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID, aktivan
NABA9.$NROLþLQDLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMWUDQVDNFLMHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
./,-(17LPHSUH]LPHH-SRãWDDGUHVDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID, aktivan
5$ý81YUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
3/$û$1-(L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
9567$3/$û$1-$QD]LYYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID, aktivna
,63258.$MHGLQVWYHQLEURMSRãLOMNHVWDWXVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
75$16)(5NROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ID
8.4.4 ,GHQWLILNRYDQMHUHODFLMDL]PHÿXHQWLWHWD
7HNVWSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYDQDMþHãüHRWNULYDRGQRVPHÿXHQWLWHWLPD2YDMRGQRVPRåH
GDEXGHGHILQLVDQL]ULþLWRLOLLPSOLFLWQR,]ULþLWRQDYHGHQHUHODFLMHPRJXGDVHGLUHNWQR
SUHYHGXXUHODFLMHXUHODFLRQRP PRGHOXED]HSRGDWDND ,PSOLFLWQHUHODFLMHWUHEDSUYR
GDVHXWYUGHLPHQXMXD]DWLPGDVHSUHYHGXXUHODFLMHXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXED]H
8RYRPNRUDNXVXSULND]DQHLGHQWLILNRYDQHUHODFLMHNRMHSRVWRMHPHÿXHQWLWHWLPDL
]D VYDNX UHODFLMX VX SULND]DQH UHþHQLFH L] WHNVWD SURMHNWQRJ ]DKWHYD NRMH XND]XMX QD
UHODFLMXLQDYUVWXUHODFLMHVDGHORYLPDNRMLXND]XMXQDUHODFLMX
5HODFLMHNRMHVXXWYUÿHQHLPSOLFLWQRVXREMDãQMHQHXNRPHQWDUXLVSRGUHODFLMD
112
Baze podataka
$57,.$/L.$7(*25,-$- YLãHSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD$57,.$/L.$7(*25,-$SRVWRMLUHODFLMDYLãHSUHPDYLãH01
ãWRMH]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFH
ćìne kategorije.
5HODFLMD01VHUHDOL]XMHSUDYOMHQMHPYH]QHWDEHOHVDUHODFLMDPDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH
NDWDEHODPDNRMHSRYH]XMH7RVX$57,.$/L.$7(*25,-$6DGUåLSRGDWNHRWRPH
NRMH]DSLVHYH]XMHNDGDVXSRYH]DQLNDRLMHGLQVWYHQLLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMWHYHze.
1DRVQRYXRYRJDQDVWDMHQRYLHQWLWHWVDDWULEXWLPD
$57,.$/B.$7(*25,-$,'DUWLNOD,'NDWHJRULMHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
$57,.$/L262%,1$- YLãHSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD$57,.$/L262%,1$SRVWRMLUHODFLMDYLãHSUHPDYLãH01ãWR

MH]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFH
ććì©…
ND WDEHODPD NRMH SRYH]XMH 8 RYRP VOXþDMX WR VX WDEHOH ]D HQWLWHWH $57,KAL i
262%,1$ D WDEHODSRUHG LQIRUPDFLMD R WRPH NRMH ]DSLVH WLK HQWLWHWD SRYH]XMH NRJ
GDWXPDLYUHPHQDMHUHODFLMDQDSUDYOMHQDNDRLVDNRMLPMHGLQVWYHQLPLGHQWLILNDFLRQLP
EURMHP YH]QRJ ]DSLVD VH LGHQWLILNXMH VDGUåL YUHGQRVW NRMD SRMDãQMDYD NDUDNWHULVWLNX
NRQNUHWQHRVRELQHXRGQRVXQDDUWLNDOVDNRMLPMHSRYH]DQD
$57,.$/B262%,1$,'DUWLNOD,'RVRELQHYUHGQRVWYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
$57,.$/L5$ý81- YLãHSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD$57,.$/L5$ý81 SRVWRMLUHODFLMDYLãHSUHPDYLãH01ãWRMH

]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFH
ř«
ìř«Ŝ
ND WDEHODPD NRMH SRYH]XMH 8 RYRP VOXþDMX WR VX $57,.$/ L 5$ý81 D WDEHOD
SRUHGSRGDWDNDRWRPHNRMH]DSLVHHQWLWHWkSRYH]XMHNRJGDWXPDLYUHPHQDMHUHODFLMD
QDSUDYOMHQD NDR L VD NRMLP MHGLQVWYHQLP LGHQWLILNDFLRQLP EURMHP YH]QRJ ]DSLVD VH
LGHQWLILNXMHVDGUåLSRGDWDNRWRPHNRMDNROLþLQDDUWLNODMHSRYH]DQDVDUDþXQRP
113
Baze podataka
5$ý81B$57,.$/,'DUWLNOD,'UDþXQDNROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
262%,1$L7,3262%,1(- jHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD262%,1$L7,3262%,1(SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1
Ŝ
1DRVQRYXRYRJDRVRELQDPRåHELWLMHGQRJWLSDRVRELQHDGDMHGDQWLSPRåHLPDWL
YLãHRVRELQDNRMHPXSULSDGDMX5HODFLMD1VHUHDOL]XMHSUDYOMHQMHPVWUDQRJNOMXþDX
WDEHOL262%,1$UHIHUHQFLUDQMHPSULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOH7,3262%,1$
1DRVQRYXRYRJDSRVWRMHüLHQWLWHWHLVDDWULEXWLPDVHGRSXQMXMHQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ:
262%,1$YUHGQRVWYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','WLSDRVRELQH
CENA i ARTIKAL - MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿX HQWLWHWD &(1$ L $57,.$/ SRVWRML UHODFLMD MHGDQ SUHPD YLãH 1 ãWR MH
]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFD
ćŜ
Potrebno je da se vodi evidencija o istorijskim promenama cena artikala.
1DRVQRYXRYRJDYLGLPRGDFHQDPRåHSULSDGDWLVDPRMHGQRPDUWLNOXDOLGDMHGDQ
DUWLNDO PRåH LPDWL YLãH FHQD NRMH VH PHQMDMX 5HODFLMD 1 VH UHDOL]XMH SUDYOMHQMHP
VWUDQRJNOMXþDXWDEHOL&(1$UHIHUHQFLUDQMHPSULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOH$57,.$/
1DRVQRYXRYRJDSRVWRMHüLHQWLWHWHLVDDWULEXWLPDVHGRSXQMXMHQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ
&(1$L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'ID artikla
75$16)(5L/2.$&,-$- GYRVWUXNDYH]DMHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿX HQWLWHWD75$16)(5 L /2.$&,-$ SRVWRML GYRVWUXND UHODFLMDMHGDQ SUHPD

YLãH1ãWRMH]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFD
ćìŜ
řć«Ŝ
1DRVQRYXRYRJDMDVQRMHGDWUDQVIHUPRåHGDVHYUãLL]PHÿXGYHORNDFLMHLGDVD
MHGQHORNDFLMH PRåH GD EXGH REDYOMHQR YLãH WUDQVIHUD 6 RE]LURP QD WR GD L L]OD]QD L
XOD]QD ORNDFLMD SUHGVWDYOMDMX UHODFLMX ND LVWRP HQWLWHWX /2.$&,-$ SRWUHEQR MH
114
Baze podataka
UD]OLNRYDWL GYH YH]H 2YR MH PRJXüH RVWYDULWL VWYDUDQMHP GYH UHODFLMH 1 NRMH VH
UHDOL]XMX SUDYOMHQMHP GYD VWUDQD NOMXþD X WDEHOL 75$16)(5 L UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP
SULPDUQRJ NOMXþDWDEHOH /2.$&,-$ X REH UHODFLMH ,PHQRYDQMHP DWULEXWD PRJXüHMH
GHILQLVDWLNRMDUHODFLMDMH]DL]OD]QXDNRMD]DXOD]QXORNDFLMXWUDQVIHUD 2YDMSRVWXSDN
SUHGVWDYOMDREMHGLQMHQRSUDYOMHQMHGYHUHODFLMHMHGDQSUHPDYLãHXMHGQRPNRUDNX
75$16)(5NROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','ORNDFLMHXOD]D ,'ORNDFLMHL]OD]D
TRANSFER i ARTIKAL - MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD75$16)(5L$57,.$/SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWR

MH]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFD
ćìŜ
Prilikom řć«Ŝ
1D RVQRYX RYRJD WUDQVIHU PRåH GD VH REDYOMDVDPR ]D MHGDQ DUWLNDO DOL GDMHGDQ
DUWLNDO PRåH GD ELWL SUHQHW YLãH SXWD 5HODFLMD 1 VH UHDOL]XMH SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ
NOMXþDXWDEHOL75$16)(5UHIHUHQFLUDQMHPSULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOH$57,.$/ Pored
VWUDQRJNOMXþDWUHEDGRSXQLWLHQWLWHWDWULEXWRP]DHYLGHQWLUDQMHNROLþLQH
75$16)(5NROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','ORNDFLMHXOD]D,'ORNDFLMHL]OD]D
,'DUWLNODNROLþLQD
1$%$9.$L'2%$/-$ý- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD1$%$9.$L'2%$/-$ýSRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1
««Ŝ
1D RVQRYX RYRJD MDVQR MH GD MHGQD QDEDYND PRåH GD VWLJQH VDPR RG MHGQRJ
GREDYOMDþD DOL GD RG MHGQRJ GREDYOMDþD PRåH VWLüL YLãH QDEDYNL 5HODFLMD 1 VH
UHDOL]XMH SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL 1$%$9.$ UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ
NOMXþDWDEHOH'2%$9/-$ý
Na oVQRYXRYRJDSRVWRMHüLHQWLWHWHLVDDWULEXWLPDVHGRSXQMXMHQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ
1$%$9.$NROLþLQDLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMWUDQVDNFLMHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','GREDYOMDþD
115
Baze podataka
1$%$9.$L/2.$&,-$- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿX HQWLWHWD 1$%$9.$ L /2.$&,-$ SRVWRML UHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPD YLãH 1

řć«ř
broj transakcije koji mora da bude jedinstven, kao i lokacija na koju se artikli
dostavljaju.
1D RVQRYX RYRJD MDVQR MH GD MHGQD QDEDYND PRåH GD VWLJQH VDPR QD MHGQX
ORNDFLMXDOLGDQDMHGQXORNDFLMXPRåHGDVWLJQHYLãHQDEDYNL5HODFLMD1VHUHDOL]XMH
SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL 1$%$9.$ UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
WDEHOH/2.$&,-$
1$%$9.$ NROLþLQD LGHQWLILNDFLRQL EURM WUDQVDNFLMH YUHPH SUDYOMHQMD ,' ,'

GREDYOMDþD,'ORNDFLMH
1$%$9.$L$57,.$/- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD1$%$9.$L$57,.$/SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWR

řć«ř
broj transakcije koji mora da bude jedinstven, kao i lokacija na koju se artikli
dostavljaju.
Na RVQRYX RYRJD MDVQR MH GD MHGQD QDEDYND PRåH GD REXKYDWL VDPR QD MHGDQ
DUWLNDODOLGDMHGDQDUWLNDOPRåHGDEXGHQDEDYOMHQNUR]YLãHQDEDYNL5HODFLMD1VH
UHDOL]XMH SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL 1$%$9.$ UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ
NOMXþD WDEHOH $57IKAL. 3RUHG VWUDQRJ NOMXþD SRWUHEQR MH GD VH GRSXQL HQWLWHW L
DWULEXWRP]DHYLGHQWLUDQMHSRGDWNDRQDEDYOMHQRMNROLþLQLDUWLNOD

GREDYOMDþD,'ORNDFLMHID artikla
5$ý81L./,-(17- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD5$ý81L./,-(17SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWRMH

«a prodate artikle.
116
Baze podataka
1D RVQRYX RYRJD MHGDQ UDþXQ PRåH GD EXGH L]GDW VDPR MHGQRP NOLMHQWX DOL ]D
MHGQRJNOLMHQWDPRåHGDEXGHL]GDWRYLãHUDþXQD5HODFLMD1VHUHDOL]XMHSUDYOMHQMHP
VWUDQRJNOMXþDXWDEHOL5$ý81UHIHUHQFLUDQMHPSULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOH./,-(17
5$ý81YUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'ID klijenta
3/$û$1-(L5$ý81- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD3/$û$1-(L5$ý81SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWRMH

«ćì©«Ŝ
1DRVQRYXRYRJDMDVQRMHGDMHGQRSODüDQMHPRåHGDEXGHYH]DQRVDPR]DMHGDQ
UDþXQD]DMHGDQUDþXQPRåHGDEXGHL]YUãHQRYLãHSODüDQMD5HODFLMD1VHUHDOL]XMH
SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL 3/$û$1-( UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
WDEHOH5$ý813RUHGVWUDQRJNOMXþDSRWUHEQRMHGDVHGRSXQLHQWLWHWLDWULEXWRP ]D
HYLGHQWLUDQMHSRGDWNDRL]QRVXL]YUãHQRJSODüDQMDSRUDþXQX
3/$û$1-(L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQDL]QRV
3/$û$1-(L9567$3/$û$1-$- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿX HQWLWHWD 3/$û$1-( L 9567$ 3/$û$1-$ SRVWRML UHODFLMD MHGDQ SUHPD

YLãH1ãWRMH]DNOMXþHQRQDRVQRYXUHþHQLFH
ćì©Ŝ
2YDUHODFLMDQLMHL]ULþLWDQDRVQRYXWHNVWDDOLMHLPSOLFLWQDMHUYUVWHSODüDQMDNRMH
NRPSDQLMD SRGUåDYD PRUDMX GD EXGX SRYH]DQH QD QHNL QDþLQ VD NRQNUHWQLP
SODüDQMLPDWHVHYLGLGDMHRYGHSRWUHEQDUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãHL]PHÿXSODüDQMDL
YUVWHSODüDQMD1DRVQRYXRYRJDMHGQRSODüDQMHPRåHGDSULSDGDMHGQRMYUVWLSODüDQMD
D MHGQD YUVWD SODüDQMD PRåH GD LPD YLãH SODüDQMD WH YUVWH 5HODFLMD 1 VH UHDOL]XMH
SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL 3/$û$1-( UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
WDEHOH9567$3/$û$1-$
3/$û$1-(L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQDL]QRV,'YUVWHSODüDQMD
117
Baze podataka
,63258.$L5$ý81- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD,63258.$L5$ý81SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWRMH

«©řć«
°«Ŝ
1DRVQRYXRYRJDMHGQDLVSRUXNDPRåHGDSULSDGDVDPRMHGQRPUDþXQXD]DMHGDQ
UDþXQ PRåH GD EXGH L]YUãHQR YLãH LVSRUXND 5HODFLMD 1 VH UHDOL]XMH SUDYOMHQMHP
VWUDQRJNOMXþDXWDEHOL,63258.$UHIHUHQFLUDQMHPSULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOH5$ý81
1DRVQRYXRYRJDSRVWRMHüLHQWLWHWHL VDDWULEXWLPDVHGRSXQMXMHQDVOHGHüLQDþLQ
,63258.$MHGLQVWYHQLEURMSRãLOMNHVWDWXVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQD
,63258.$L./,-(17- MHGDQSUHPDYLãH
,]PHÿXHQWLWHWD,63258.$L./,-(17SRVWRMLUHODFLMDMHGDQSUHPDYLãH1ãWR

«©řć«
°«Ŝ
1DRVQRYXRYRJDMHGQDLVSRUXNDPRåHGDEXGHL]YUãHQDVDPR]DMHGQRJNOLMHQWDD
MHGQRP NOLMHQWX PRåH GD EXGH L]YUãHQR YLãH LVSRUXND 5HODFLMD 1 VH UHDOL]XMH
SUDYOMHQMHP VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL ,63258.$ UHIHUHQFLUDQMHP SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
WDEHOH./,-(17
,63258.$MHGLQVWYHQLEURMSRãLOMNHVWDWXVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQD,'NOLMHQWD
1DNRQ GRSXQH PRGHOD ED]H SRGDWDND GRGDYDQMHP QRYLK LGHQWLILNRYDQLK UHODFLMD L

podatakaSRWUHEQRMHGDVHL]YUãHVOHGHüLNRUDFL
2EMHGLQMDYDQMHHQWLWHWDLVYLKQMLKRYLKDWULEXWD
'DVHLPHQDHQWLWHWDDWULEXWDLUHODFLMDSULODJRGHNRQYHQFLMLLPHQRYDQMD
118
Baze podataka
8.4.5 2EMHGLQMDYDQMHHQWLWHWDLDWULEXWD
1DNRQ ãWR MH REDYOMHQ SRVWXSDN GHNRPSR]LFLMH NRML MH XNOMXþLR LGHQWLILNRYDQMH
HQWLWHWD DWULEXWD L UHODFLMD SRWUHEQR MH VDþLQLWL REMHGLQMHQL VSLVDN DåXUQLK HQWLWHWD VD
QMLKRYLPDWULEXWLPD7DNRREMHGLQMHQLVSLVDN]DNRQNUHWDQSULPHUSURMHNWQRJ]DGDWND
NRMLVHREUDÿXMHXRYRPSRJODYOMXMH
/2.$&,-$DGUHVDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
$57,.$/LPHNUDüLRSLVGXåLRSLVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
.$7(*25,-$LPHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
262%,1$YUHGQRVWYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','WLSDRVRELQH
7,3262%,1(LPHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
&(1$L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','DUWLNOD
'2%$9/-$ýQD]LYDGUHVDWHOHIRQDGUHVDHOHNWURQVNHSRãWHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD
,'DNWLYDQ
GREDYOMDþD,'ORNDFLMH,'DUWLNOD
./,-(17 LPH SUH]LPH DGUHVD HOHNWURQVNH SRãWH DGUHVD YUHPH SUDYOMHQMD ,'
DNWLYDQ
5$ý81YUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','NOLMHQWD
3/$û$1-(L]QRVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQDL]QRV,'YUVWHSODüDQMD
9567$3/$û$1-$QD]LYYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'DNWLYQD
,63258.$MHGLQVWYHQLEURMSRãLOMNHVWDWXVYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','UDþXQD,'
NOLMHQWD
75$16)(5NROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,','ORNDFLMHXOD]D,'ORNDFLMHL]OD]D
,'DUWLNODNROLþLQD
$57,.$/B.$7(*25,-$,'DUWLNOD,'NDWHJRULMHYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
$57,.$/B262%,1$,'DUWLNOD,'RVRELQHYUHGQRVWYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
5$ý81B$57,.$/,'DUWLNOD,'UDþXQDNROLþLQDYUHPHSUDYOMHQMD,'
8.4.6 UsklaÿLYDQMHVD.219(1&,-20,0(129$1-$
=D UD]OLNX RG QHIRUPDOQLK MH]LND QD NRMHP MH L]UDåHQ WHNVW SURMHNWQRJ ]DGDWND QD
NRMHPVH]DVQLYDSUDNWLþQLSULPHUREUDÿHQXRYRPSRJODYOMXIRUPDOQLMH]LFLNDRãWR
VXSURJUDPVNLMH]LFLMH]LFL]DR]QDþDYDQMHLXSLWQLMH]LFLSRSXW64/MH]LNDSRVHGXMX
RGUHÿHQDRJUDQLþHQMDXSRJOHGXLPHQRYDQMDMH]LþNLKHOHPHQDWD
1HNDRGRJUDQLþHQMDPRJXGDVHYLGHQDSULPHUXHQWLWHW9567$3/$û$1-$
2GUHÿHQHLPSOHPHQWDFLMH64/MH]LNDQHGR]YROMDYDMXUD]PDNHXLPHQLPD
2GUHÿHQHLPSOHPHQWDFLMH64/MH]LNDSRGUåDYDMXVDPR$6&,,XLPHQLPD
,PHQDWDEHODQHPRJXGDSRþLQMXFLIURPLWG
119
Baze podataka
=ERJ RYDNYLK RJUDQLþHQMD QHRSKRGQR MH GD VH L]YUãH RGUHÿHQD SUHLPHQRYDQMD
HQWLWHWDLDWULEXWDSULOLNRPSUHVOLNDYDQMDXUHODFLRQLPRGHO8MHGQRSRWUHEQRMHGDVH
izvUãLXVNODÿLYDQMHLPHQDVDQHNRPRGNRQYHQFLMDLPHQRYDQMDNRMHVHXSUDNVLNRULVWH
8SUDNVLSRVWRMLYHOLNLEURMNRQYHQFLMDLPHQRYDQMDNRMHPRJXGDEXGXNRULãüHQHL
NRML MH PRJXüH SULGUåDYDWL VH SULOLNRP LPHQRYDQMD WDEHOD QMLKRYLK SROMD LQGHNVk L
GUXJLK HOHPHQDWD ED]H SRGDWND 2GDELU NRQYHQFLMH LPHQRYDQMD PRåH GD EXGH VWYDU
OLþQRJL]ERUDLOLPRåHGDEXGHSULSLVDQRGVWUDQHILUPHXYLGXWHKQLþNLKRJUDQLþHQMD
NRMLK LQåHQMHUL VRIWYHUD WUHED GD VH SULGUåDYDMX 8 VYDNRP VOXþDMX YDåQR MH X
SRWSXQRVWLLQDVYDNRPPHVWXVHGUåDWLRGDEUDQHLOLSURSLVDQHNRQYHQFLMHLPHQRYDQMDL
RGQMHVHQHELWUHEDORRGVWXSDWL
2GUHÿHQH NRQYHQFLMH LPHQRYDQMD LPDMX LPH 0HÿXWLP YHüLQD LOL QHPD VYRMH
VSHFLILþQRLPHLOLVHQDQMLKXND]XMHLPHQRPSR]QDWRJSURMHNWDXNRMHPVXSULPHQMHQH
7DNRÿHQHNHVXXSRWSXQRVWLVSHFLILþQH]DRGUHÿHQLSURL]YRGSUHGX]HüHJUXSXOMXGL
NRMLLKNRULVWLLWGSDNDRWDNYHQLVXãLUHSR]QDWHXSUDNVL
8]RGUHÿHQDSREROMãDQMDNRQYHQFLMDLPHQRYDQMDNRMDVHNRULVWLXREUDGLSULPHUDX
RYRP SRJODYOMX QDMYLãH SRGVHüD QD W]Y 6DNLOD NRQYHQFLMX *ODYQH RGOLNH RYH
NRQYHQFLMHLPHQRYDQMDVX
.RULVWL VH HQJOHVNL MH]LN ]D LPHQRYDQMH HOHPHQDWD ED]H SRGDWDND WDEHOD SROMD
LQGHNVDLWG
.RULVWHVHLVNOMXþLYRPDODVORYDHQJOHVNRJDOIDEHWDFLIUHLVLPEROBGRQMDFUWD
,PHQDQHVPHMXGDSRþLQMXFLIURP
,PHQDQHVPHMXGDSRþLQMXLOLGDVH]DYUãDYDMXVLPERORPBGRQMDFUWD
,PHQDWDEHODLOLSROMDPRUDMXGDEXGXQDSLVDQDXMHGQLQL
,PHQDWDEHODQHVPHMXXLPHQXGDVDGUåHGYDX]DVWRSQDVLPERODBGRQMDFUWD
Svaka tabela PRUD GD SRVHGXMH SROMH ]D MHGLQVWYHQL LGHQWLILNDFLRQL EURM þDN L
YH]QHWDEHOH]D01UHODFLMH
3ULPDUQL NOMXþ WDEHOH PRUD GDEXGH LVNOMXþLYR SROMH ]DMHGLQVWYHQLLGHQWLILNDFLRQL
EURMQHVPHELWLNRPELQRYDQLNOMXþ
,PHSROMD]DMHGLQVWYHQLLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMNRMHVHNRULVWL]DSULPDUQLNOMXþPRUD
GD VH LPHQXMH GRGDYDQMHP QDVWDYND BLG QD LPH WDEHOH QSU DNR MH LPH WDEHOH
WUDQVDFWLRQSULPDUQLNOMXþPRUDGDEXGHSROMHVDLPHQRPWUDQVDFWLRQBLG
3ROMDQHVPHMXGDVH]DYUãDYDMXVDBLGDNRQLVXSULPDUQLLOLVWUDQLNOMXþHYL
3ROMH NRMHMHVWUDQL NOMXþPRUD GD VH ]RYH LVWR NDR SROMH NRMHMHSULPDUQL NOMXþX
WDEHOLNDNRMRMVWUDQLNOMXþXND]XMH0HÿXWLPDNRXWDEHOLSRVWRMHGYDVWUDQDNOMXþD
NRMD XND]XMX ND LVWRM WDEHOL LVSUHG LPHQD SROMD NRMH MH LVWR NDR SULPDUQL NOMXþ
UHIHUHQFLUDQH WDEHOH VH XSLVXMH UHþ NRMD SRMDãQMDYD QDPHQX SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
RGYRMHQD GYRVWUXNLP VLPERORP B GRQMD FUWD QSU IURPBBORFDWLRQBLG L
WRBBORFDWLRQBLGLWG
120
Baze podataka
3ROMH NRMH MH YUHPHQVNRJ WLSD GDWXP YUHPH YUHPHQVNL åLJ LWG PRUD GD Ve
]DYUãDYDVXILNVRPBDWQSUFUHDWHGBDWPRGLILHGBDWGHOHWHGBDWLWG
3ROMH NRMH MH ORJLþNRJ WLSD LOL VH NRULVWL NDR ORJLþND YUHGQRVW PRUD GD SRþLQMH
SUHILNVRPLVBQSULVBDFWLYHLVBYLVLEOHLVBGHOHWHGLWG
,PH LQGHNVD VWUDQRJ NOMXþD VH IRUPLUD SR VOHGHüHP SUDYLOX QD SUHILNV INB VH
GRGDMHLPHWDEHOHSUDüHQRVLPERORPBGRQMDFUWDL]DNRMHJVOHGLLPHSROMDNRMH
SUHGVWDYOMDVWUDQLNOMXþQSUINBLQYRLFHBFOLHQWBLGWDEHODMHLQYRLFHDVWUDQLNOMXþ
MHFOLHQWBLG
,PH LQGHNVD NRML JDUDQWXMH MHGLQVWYHQX YUHGQRVW SROMD X WDEHOL VH IRUPLUD SR
VOHGHüHPSUDYLOXQDSUHILNVXTBVHGRGDMHLPHWDEHOHSUDüHQRVLPERORPBGRQMD
FUWD L]D NRMHJ VOHGL LPH SROMD NRMH VH LQGHNVLUD LOL LPHQD SROMk NRMD VX GHR
VORåHQRJNOMXþDUD]GYRMHQDVLPERORPBGRQMDFUWDQSUXTBFOLHQWBHPDLOWDEHOD
MH FOLHQW D MHGLQVWYHQR SROMH VH ]RYH HPDLO LOL
XTBLQYRLFHBDUWLFOHBLQYRLFHBLGBDUWLFOHBLGWDEHODMHLQYRLFHBDUWLFOHDSRGLQGHNVRP
VXGYDSROMDLQYRLFHBLGLDUWLFOHBLG
,PH QRUPDOQRJ LQGHNVD VH IRUPLUD SR VOHGHüHP SUDYLOX QD LPH WDEHOH VH GRGDMH
VLPERO B GRQMD FUWD SUDüHQD LPHQRP SROMD NRMH VH LQGHNVLUD LOL LPHQLPD SROMk
NRMD VH LQGHNVLUDMX UD]GYRMHQD VLPERORP B GRQMD FUWD L]D NRMLK QD NUDMX VOHGL
VXILNV BLG[ QSU SD\PHQWBW\SHBLVBDFWLYHBLG[ WDEHOD MH SD\PHQWBW\SH D SRlje je
LVBDFWLYH
,PH RNLGDþD VH IRUPLUD SR VOHGHüHP SUDYLOX QD SUHILNV WULJJHUB VH GRGDMH LPH
WDEHOHSUDüHQRVXILNVLPDBELBEXBEGBDLBDXLOLBDGNDGDVHRNLGDþL]YUãDYD
SUH GRGDYDQMD SUH L]PHQH SUH EULVDQMD SRVOH GRGDYDQMD SRVOH L]PHQH LOL posle
EULVDQMD UHVSHNWLYQR QSU WULJJHUBSD\PHQWBEL WDEHOD MH SD\PHQW D RNLGDþ VH
L]YUãDYDSUHGRGDYDQMD]DSLVD
,PHSRJOHGDWUHEDGDSRþLQMHVDUHþMXYLHZSUDüHQRPVDGYDVLPERODBGRQMDFUWD
QSUYLHZBBSURFXUHPHQWBGHWDLOVLWG,PHSRJOHGDL]DREDYH]QRJSUHILNVDQHPRUD
GD EXGH QDSLVDQR X MHGQLQL DOL PRUD GD EXGH VDVWDYOMHQR RG NDUDNWHUD NRML VX
GR]YROMHQLXLPHQLPDHOHPHQDWDED]HSRGDWDND
3ULOLNRP SUHVOLNDYDQMD HQWLWHWD L DWULEXWD QDVWDüH SURPHQH X QD]LYLPD NRML VX

kRULãüHQLXSUHWKRGQLPNRUDFLPa PRGHORYDQMD
=ERJ WRJD MH SRWUHEQR QDSUDYLWL WDEHOX SUHVOLNDYDQMD X NRMRM üH ELWL SUHGVWDYOMHQR
NRMLHQWLWHWLLQMLKRYLDWULEXWLRGJRYDUDMXNRMLPWDEHODPDLQMLKRYLPSROMLPDXQRYRP
PRGHOXED]H SRGDWDNDNRMXJUDGLPR.
121
Baze podataka
8.4.7 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWDXUHODFLRQLPodel
(QWLWHWLDWULEXWLLUHODFLMHNRMLVXQDVWDOLSULOLNRPGHNRPSR]LFLMHWHNVWDSURMHNWQRJ
]DKWHYDWUHEDGDEXGXSUHVOLNDQLXUHODFLRQLPRGHOSUHSULVWXSDQMDL]UDGLED]HSRGDWDND
SUHPDWDNYRPPRGHOX
8 UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND HQWLWHWH SUHGVWDYOMDMXWDEHOH DWULEXWH SUHGVWDYOMDMX

SROMDWLKWDEHODGRNVHYH]HL]PHÿXHQWLWHWDJUDGHGHILQLVDQMHPDGHNYDWQLKLQGHNVkQDG
SROMLPDWDEHODLSUDYOMHQMHPVWUDQLKNOMXþHYDWMUHODFLMDL]PHÿXWDEHODXPRGHOX
(QWLWHWL ĺ 7DEHOHXED]L
$WULEXWL ĺ 3ROMDXWDEHODPa
Veze ĺ 5HODFLMHL]PHÿXWDEHOD
7DEHODSUHVOLNDYDQMDHQWLWHWDXWDEHOHXED]LSRGDWDND
Ime entiteta ,PHWDEHOHXVNODÿHQRVDNRQYHQFLMRPLPHQRYDQMD

/2.$&,-$ ORFDWLRQ
ARTIKAL DUWLFOH
.$7(*25,-$ FDWHJRU\
OSOBINA IHDWXUH
7,3262%,1( IHDWXUHBW\SH
&(1$ DUWLFOHBSULFH
'2%$9/-$ý VXSSOLHU
NABAVKA SURFXUHPHQW
./,-(17 FOLHQW
5$ý81 LQYRLFH
3/$û$1-( SD\PHQW
9567$3/$û$1-$ SD\PHQWBW\SH
ISPORUKA VKLSPHQW
75$16)(5 WUDQVIHU
$57,.$/B.$7(*25,-$ DUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\
$57,.$/B262%,1$ DUWLFOHBIHDWXUH
5$ý81B$57,.$/ LQYRLFHBDUWLFOH
122
Baze podataka
3ULOLNRP SUHVOLNDYDQMD DWULEXWD HQWLWHWk X SROMD WDEHOk SRWUHEQR MH YRGLWL UDþXQD R
WLSRYLPD WLK SROMD ]ERJ XVNODÿLYDQMD LPHQD SROMD VD NRQYHQFLMRP LPHQRYDQMD
SRVHEQRXVOXþDMHYLPDYUHPHQVNLKLORJLþNLKWLSRYDNDRLXVOXþDMXSROMDNRMDVXVWUDQL
NOMXþHYLDOLLSRGUD]XPHYDQRJSROMD]DMHGLQVWYHQLLGHQWLILNDFLRQLEURMNRMLMHSUHPD
NRQYHQFLMLNRULVWLNDRSULPDUQLNOMXþWDEHOH
3ULOLNRPSUHVOLNDYDQMDMHGQRJHQWLWHWDVDVYLPQMHJRYLPDWULEXWLPDXRGJRYDUDMXüX
WDEHOX VD SROMLPD L SRWUHEQLP LQGHNVLPD WUHED YRGLWL UDþXQD R VYLP QDYHGHQLP
SUDYLOLPDL]NRQYHQFLMHDWRVHYLGLQDSULPHUXHQWLWHWD1$%$9.$
1$%$9.$ ĺ SURFXUHPHQW
- ID ĺ - SURFXUHPHQWBLG FHOREURMQRJWLSD
- ,'GREDYOMDþD ĺ - VXSSOLHUBLG FHOREURMQRJWLSD
- ,'ORNDFLMH ĺ - ORFDWLRQBLG FHOREURMQRJWLSD
- ID artikla ĺ - DUWLFOHBLG FHOREURMQRJWLSD
- NROLþLQD ĺ - TXDQWLW\ UHDOQRJWLSD
- YUHPHSUDYOMHQMD ĺ - FUHDWHGBDW YUHPHQVNRJWLSD
- ,'EURMWUDQVDNFLMH ĺ - WUDQVDFWLRQBQXPEHU WHNVWXDOQRJWLSD
2QR ãWR WRNRP GHNRPSR]LFLMH QLMH ELOR GHILQLVDQR D QHRSKRGQR MH GD VH GHILQLãH
SULOLNRPSUHVOLNDYDQMDHQWLWHWDXUHODFLRQLPRGHOVXLQGHNVLLUHODFLMH=DJRUHQDYHGHQL
SULPHUSRWUHEQRMHGDVHNUHLUDMXUHODFLMHL]PHÿXWDEHOHSURFXUHPHQWNRMDRGJRYDUD
eQWLWHWX 1$%$9.$ L WDEHOD VXSSOLHU ORFDWLRQ L DUWLFOH NRMH RGJRYDUDMX HQWLWHWLPD
'2%$9/-$ý /2.$&,-$ L $57,.$/ UHVSHNWLYQR 7DNRÿH QHRSKRGQR MH GD VH
GHILQLãHLQGHNV]DMHGLQVWYHQXYUHGQRVWLGHQWLILNDFLRQRJEURMDWUDQVDNFLMH
9H]DNDHQWLWHWX'2%$9/-$ý ĺ INBSURFXUHPHQWBVXSSOLHUBLG
9H]DNDHQWLWHWX/2.$&,-$ ĺ INBSURFXUHPHQWBORFDWLRQBLG
9H]DNDHQWLWHWX$57,.$/ ĺ INBSURFXUHPHQWBDUWLFOHBLG
-HGLQVWYHQLLGEURMDWUDQVDNFLMH ĺ XTBSURFXUHPHQWBWUDQVDFWLRQBQXPEHU
8.4.8 *UDILþNLSULND]WDEHODLUHODFLMD
7DEHOHSROMDLUHODFLMHL]PHÿXWDEHODPRJXGDEXGXSULND]DQHJUDILþNLýHVWRVHX
JUDILþNRPSULND]XRGUHÿHQHLQIRUPDFLMHRSROMLPDJXEH]ERJSRWUHEHGDVHQDMELWQLMH
RGUHGQLFH JUDILþNL SULND]X QD RJUDQLþHQRP SURVWRUX 8 QDMYHüHP EURMX VOXþDMHYD
JUDILþNL SULND] WDEHOD REXKYDWD SULND] LPHQD VSLVND SROMD VD RVQRYQLP LQGLNDWRULPD
WLSD SRGDWND EH] GRGDWQLK VSHFLILNDFLMD NRMH RGUHÿHQL WLSRYL PRåGD LPDMX NDR L X]
HYHQWXDOQHVOLNRYQHSULND]HXORJHSROMDXWDEHOLQSUGDOLMHXSLWDQMXSULPDUQLNOMXþ
VWUDQL NOMXþMHGLQVWYHQL LQGHNV RELþDQLQGHNV LWG 2GUHÿHQL JUDILþNL SULND]L PRJX GD
XNOMXþH LVSLV LPHQD LQGHNVD L UHODFLMD ãWR þHVWR ]DKWHYD GRGDWQL SURVWRU L XYHüDYD
XNXSQHGLPHQ]LMHNRQDþQRJGLMDJUDPD
123
Baze podataka
3UHWKRGQR SUHVOLNDQL HQWLWHW 1$%$9.$ RGQRVQR WDEHOD SURFXUHPHQW sD VYLP

SROMLPD LQGHNVLPD R]QDNDPD SROMDL LQGLNDWRULPD UHODFLMH XVPHUHQLP ND SRYH]DQLP
WDEHODPDPRåHGDEXGHSULND]DQNDRQDLOXVWUDFLMLXSURGXåHWNX
Slika 8.1: ,OXVWUDFLMDWDEHOHSURFXUHPHQWVDSULND]RPSROMDQMLKRYLKWLSRYDR]QDNDLLQGHNVD
8.4.9 0RGHO ED]HSRGDWDND
1D RVQRYX GHNRPSR]LFLMH WHNVWD SURMHNWQRJ ]DGDWND L QDNRQ SUHVOLNDYDQMD VYLK

HQWLWHWDDWULEXWDLYH]DXHOHPHQWHUHODFLRQRJPRGHODNRQDþDQPRGHOED]HSodataka je
SULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
8 RYRP SRJODYOMX QLMH RSLVDQR SUHVOLNDYDQMH VYDNRJ SRMHGLQDþQRJ HQWLWHWD DOL VX
GHWDOMLL]SUHVOLNDYDQMDSULND]DQLXQDUHGQLPNRUDFLPDREUDÿHQLPXRYRPSRJODYOMXD
NRMLVHRGQRVHQDSUDYOMHQMHVDPLKWDEHODXED]LSRGDWDNDNRULãüHQMHP64/MH]LND
124
Baze podataka
Slika 8.2: .RPSOHWDQPRGHOED]HSRGDWDNDQDRVQRYXGHNRPSR]LFLMHSURMHNWQRJ]DKWHYD
125
Baze podataka
8.4.10 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHED]HSRGDWDND- &5($7(7$%/(
6LQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHED]HSRGDWDNDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name

[DEFAULT] { CHARACTER SET [=] character_set_name | COLLATE [=] collation_name }
5H]HUYLVDQHUHþL'$7$%$6(LOL6&+(0$VXDOLMDVLD,)127(;,676XNROLNR
VH NRULVWL RGUHÿXMH GD QRYX ED]X SRGDWDND VHUYHU WUHED GD QDSUDYL VDPR DNR YHü QH
SRVWRMLED]DSRGWLPLPHQRP 2GUHGQLFHJUXSHNDUDNWHUDNRMDPRJXGDVHNRULVWe za
LPHQRYDQMH HOHPHQDWD XQXWDU ED]H SRGDWDND L ]D YUHGQRVWL XQXWDU SROMD VX
&+$5$&7(56(7L&2//$7(LQMLKRYHPRJXüHYUHGQRVWLVXGRVWXSQHX]YDQLþQRM
GRNXPHQWDFLMLDPRJXGD]DYLVHRGLQVWDODFLMHLQDþLQDNDNRMHSRGHãHQVkP0\64/
3ULPHUQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHED]HSRGDWDNDþLMHLPHMHNRPSDQLMD:
CREATE DATABASE kompanija CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
8 QDYHGHQRP OLVWLQJX ]D JUXSX NDUDNWHUD NRMX ED]D SRGDWDND NRULVWL RGDEUDQD MH
UTF- NRGQD ãHPD D ]D SRUDYQDQMH YUHGQRVWL MH RGDEUDQD XQLNRGQD NRODFLMD 87)-8
NRGQHãHPHNRMDQLMHRVHWOMLYDQDYHOLNDLPDODVORYDBFL]QDþLFDVHLQVHQVLWLYH
8.4.11 64/QDUHGED]DRGDELUED]HSRGDWDND- USE
3UH SRþHWND SUDYOMHQMD WDEHOD LQGHNVD UHODFLMD LOL XSUDYOMDQMD SRGDFLPD X ED]L
SRGDWDND QHRSKRGQR MH L]GDWL 0\64/ VHUYHUX QDUHGEX ]D RGDELU ED]H SRGDWDND QD
NRMXVHRGQRVHQDUHGEHNRMHVOHGH
6LQWDNVD64/QDUHGED]DRGDELUED]HSRGDWDND]DXSRWUHEXXGDOMHPUDGXMH
USE db_name;
8VOXþDMXNRQNUHWQRJSULPHUDNRMLMHXRYRPSRJODYOMXREUDÿHQLPHED]HSRGDWDND
je NRPSDQLMDWDNRGDMHQDUHGEDNRMXNRULVWLPR
USE kompanija;
1DNRQL]YUãDYDQMDQDUHGEHXNROLNRED]DSRGDWDNDSRVWRMLLVSLVXMHVHSRUXND
Database changed
8NROLNRQDVHUYHUXQHSRVWRMLED]DSRGDWDNDVDGDWLPLPHQRPYLGLPRSRUXNX
1049 - Unknown database 'kompanija'
126
Baze podataka
8.4.12 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHWDEHOH- &5($7(7$%/(
6YHGHQDYDULMDQWDVLQWDNVHQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHWDEHOHMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name

(col_name data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT default_value] [AUTO_INCREMENT]
[[PRIMARY] KEY],...);
.RPSOHWQD VLQWDNVQD GHILQLFLMD QDUHGEH ]D SUDYOMHQMH WDEHOH MH GRVWXSQD X

]YDQLþQRP XSXWVWYX ]D 0\64/ 1D RVQRYX VYHGHQH YDULMDQWH VLQWDNVH PRJXüH MH
QDSLVDWL QDUHGEX ]D SUDYOMHQMH WDEHOD VD QMLKRYLP SROMLPD 8 SRVWXSNX SUDYOMHQMD
WDEHOkXSUYRPNRUDNXELüHQDSUDYOMHQDVDPRSROMDWLKWDEHOD,QGHNVLLUHODFLMHüHELWL
QDSUDYOMHQHQDNQDGQR
7DEHODORFDWLRQ
CREATE TABLE location (

ɏ
ɏř
created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
ſɨɩɯƀř
ſɨɩɯƀƀŚ
1DRYDMQDþLQMHQDSUDYOMHQDWDEHODORFDWLRQNRMDLPDSROMD
ORFDWLRQBLG MH QHR]QDþHQRJ FHOREURMQRJ WLSD ,17 816,*1(' QH PRåH

osWDWLQHSRSXQMHQ12718//SULPDUQLNOMXþWDEHOHMH35,0$5<.(<L
DXWRPDWVNL üH PX ELWL GRGHOMHQD YUHGQRVW L] VHNYHQFH YUHGQRVWL WDEHOH
$872B,1&5(0(17]DMHGDQYHüDRGSRVOHGQMHGRGHOMHQHYUHGQRVWL
FUHDWHGBDWMHYUHPHQVNLåLJ7,0(67$03QHPRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQ127
18//LSRGUD]XPHYDQDYUHGQRVWMHYUHPHQDVHUYHUXXWUHQXWNXXSLVD
QDPHMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãHNDUDNWHUDLQH
PRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQR
DGGUHVVMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãH128 karaktera i
QHPRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQR
7DEHODVXSSOLHU
CREATE TABLE supplier (

ɏ
ɏř
ſɨɩɯƀř
ſɩ55) NOT NULL,
ſɩɬɬƀř
ſɩɫƀř
ɏſɨƀ
ɨƀŚ
127
Baze podataka
1DRYDMQDþLQMHQDSUDYOMHQDWDEHODVXSSOLHUNRMDLPDSROMD
VXSSOLHUBLG MH QHR]QDþHQRJ FHOREURMQRJ WLSD ,17 816,*1(' QH PRåH

RVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQ12718//SULPDUQLNOMXþWDEHOHMH35,0$5<.(<L
DXWRPDWVNL üH PX ELWL GRGHOMHQD YUHGQRVW L] VHNYHQFH YUHGQRVWL WDEHOH
$872B,1&5(0(17]DMHGDQYHüDRGSRVOHGQMHGRGHOMHQHYUHGQRVWL
FUHDWHGBDWMHYUHPHQVNLåLJ7,0(67$03QHPRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQ127
18//LSRGUD]XPHYDQDYUHGQRVWMHYUHPHQDVHUYHUXXXSLVD
QDPHMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãHNDUDNWHUDLQH
DGGUHVVMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãH karaktera i
QHPRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQR
HPDLOMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãHNDUDNWHUDLQH
SKRQHMHWHNVWXDOQRJWLSDRJUDQLþHQRJNDSDFLWHWDRGQDMYLãHNDUDNWHUDLQH
LVBDFWLYH MH QHR]QDþHQRJ FHOREURMQRJ WLSD PDORJ NDSDFLWHWD 7,1<,17
816,1*1(' NRML VH þHVWR NRULVWL ]DR ]DPHQD ]D ORJLþNL WLS X 0\64/
ED]DPDSRGDWDNDQHPRåHRVWDWLQHSRSXQMHQ12718//LSRGUD]XPHYDQD
YUHGQRVWMHNRMDVOXåLNDRORJLþNDYUHGQRVWWDþQR
7DEHODDUWLFOH
CREATE TABLE article (

ɏ
ɏř
ſɨɩɯƀř
ſɩɬɬƀř
details TEXT NOT NULL
);
7DEHODSURFXUHPHQW
CREATE TABLE procurement (

ɏ
ɏ,
ɏ
ř
ɏ
ř
articleɏ
ř
ſɨɥřɩƀ
ř
ɏſɭɫƀ
);
8 WDEHOL SURFXUHPHQW SROMD VXSSOLHUBLG ORFDWLRQBLG L DUWLFOHBLG VX SROMD NRMD VH
NRULVWHNDRVWUDQLNOMXþHYL8QDUHGQLPNRUDFLPDüHELWLSULND]DQRNRULãüHQMHQDUHGEH
]DSUDYOMHQMHVWUDQLKNOMXþHYDLVSDMDQMHWDEHODUHIHUHQFDPD
128
Baze podataka
7DEHODWUDQVIHU
CREATE TABLE transfer (

ɏ
ɏř
ɏ
ř
ſɨɥřɩƀ
ř
ɏɏɏ
ř
ɏɏɏ
ƀŚ
8 WDEHOL WUDQVIHU SRVWRMH GYD SROMD NRMD VX QDPHQMHQD GD EXGX VWUDQL NOMXþHYL ND
istoj WDEHOLORFDWLRQ3UHPDNRQYHQFLMLLPHQRYDQMDDNRSRVWRMHGYDVWUDQDNOMXþDXLVWRM
WDEHOLNRMDXND]XMXQDLVWXWDEHOXSRWUHERMHLVSUHGLPHQDSROMDGRGDWLRGUHGQLFXNRMD
SUHFL]QLMHSRMDãQMDYDQDPHQXSROMDUD]GYRMHQXGYRVWUXNLPVLPERORPBGRQMDFUWDWH
SRVWRMH SROMD IURPBBORFDWLRQBLG L WRBBORFDWLRQBLG NRMD VOXåH ]D þXYDQMH SRGDWDND R
WRPH VD NRMH ORNDFLMH ND NRMRM ORNDFLML MH SUHVHOMHQD RGUHÿHQD NROLþLQD DUWLNDOD
UHIHUHQFLUDQLKSUHNRVWUDQRJNOMXþDDUWLFOHBLG8QDUHGQLPNRUDFLPDüHELWLSULND]DQR
korišüHQMHQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHVWUDQLKNOMXþHYDLVSDMDQMHWDEHODUHIHUHQFDPD
7DEHODDUWLFOHBSULFH
CREATE TABLE article_price (

ɏɏ
ɏř
ɏ
ř
ſɨɥřɩƀ
ƀŚ
7DEHODFDWHJRU\
CREATE TABLE category (

ɏ
ɏř
ſɩ00) NOT NULL );
7DEHODDUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\
CREATE TABLE article_category (

ɏɏ
ɏř
ɏ
ř
category_id INT
);
7DEHODIHDWXUHBW\SH
CREATE TABLE feature_type (

ɏɏ
ɏř
ſɭɫƀƀŚ
129
Baze podataka
7DEHODIHDWXUH
CREATE TABLE feature (

ɏ
ɏř
ſɭɫƀř
ɏɏ

);
7DEHODDUWLFOHBIHDWXUH
CREATE TABLE article_feature (

ɏɏ
ɏř
ɏ
ř
ɏ
ř
value TEXT NOT NULL );
7DEHODFOLHQW
CREATE TABLE client (

ɏ
ɏř
ſɭɫƀř
ſɭɫƀř
ſɩɬɬƀř
ſɩɬɬƀL,
ɏſɨƀ
ɨ
);
7DEHODLQYRLFH
CREATE TABLE invoice (

ɏ

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
ɏ

);
7DEHODLQYRLFHBDUWLFOH
CREATE TABLE invoice_article (

ɏɏ

ɏ
ř
ɏ
NULL,
ſɨɥřɩƀ

);
130
Baze podataka
7DEHODSD\PHQWBW\SH
CREATE TABLE payment_type (

ɏɏ

ſɭɫƀř
ɏſɨƀ
ɨ
);
7DEHODSD\PHQW
CREATE TABLE payment (

ɏ
ɏř
payment_typɏ
ř
ɏ
ř
ſɨɥřɩƀ

);
7DEHODVKLSPHQW
CREATE TABLE shipment (

ɏ
ɏř
ɏ
ř
ɏ
ř
ɏſɪɩƀř
status ENUM('pending', 'sent', 'returned', 'lost', 'delivered')
NOT NULL
DEFAULT 'pending'
);
8 WDEHOL VKLSPHQW SROMH VWDWXV MH (180 WLSD VD PRJXüLP YUHGQRVWLPD SHQGLQJ
VHQWUHWXUQHGORVWLGHOLYHUHG3RGUD]XPHYDQDYUHGQRVWWRJSROMDMHSHQGLQJDSROMHX
]DSLVXQHPRåHGDEXGHRVWDYOMHQRSUD]QR
6RE]LURPQDWRGDXPRGHOXED]HSRGDWDNDSRVWRMLYH]DL]PHÿXVKLSPHQWLFOLHQW
NRMDELLQDþHPRJODGDEXGHXVWDQRYOMHQDSUHNRSRVWRMHüHYH]HL]PHÿXWDEHOHVKLSPHQW
LWDEHOHLQYRLFHNRMDMHSRYH]DQDVDFOLHQWMDVQRMHGDNRPSDQLMDSRGUåDYDPRJXüQRVW
GD DUWLNOL SR UDþXQX QDSUDYOMHQRP ]D MHGQRJ NOLMHQWD PRJX GD EXGX SRVODWL GUXJRP
NOLMHQWXXNROLNRMHWDNDYGRJRYRU
'D QH SRVWRML RYD SODQLUDQD UHODFLMD L]PHÿX WDEHOD VKLSPHQW L FOLHQW RYDNYD
SRJRGQRVWQHELELODPRJXüD
131
Baze podataka
8.4.13 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHWDEHOH- '5237$%/(
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DEULVDQMHWDEHOHMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...
-HGQRPQDUHGERPMHPRJXüHL]YUãLWLEULVDQMHYLãHRGMHGQHWDEHOHNDGDVHQMLKRYD
LPHQD QDYHGX UD]GYRMHQD ]DUH]RP 'HR QDUHGEH ,) (;,676 üH REH]EHGLWL GD WDEHOa
EXGH REULVDQD DNR SRVWRML D DNR QH SRVWRML GD L]YUãDYDQMH RYH QDUHGEH QH L]D]RYH
YUDüDQMHJUHãNH
3ULPHU QDUHGEH ]D EULVDQMH WDEHOH VKLSPHQW NRMD MH SRVOHGQMD QDSUDYOMHQD X
SUHWKRGQRPNRUDNXREUDÿHQRJSULPHUDMH
DROP TABLE shipment;
8.4.14 64/QDUHGED]DSUDvljenje indeksa - CREATE INDEX
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHLQGHNVDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE [UNIQUE | FULLTEXT | SPATIAL] INDEX index_name

ƇŶƈ
ON tbl_name (col_name,...);
3ULOLNRP SUDYOMHQMD LQGHNVD SRWUHEQR MH GD VH RGUHGL WLS LQGHNVD NRML VH SUDYL
0RJXüHMHSUDYOMHQMHþHWLULYUVWHLQGHNVD
,1'(; Normalan indeks - ]DRSWLPL]DFLMXSHUIRUPDQVL

81,48(,1'(; -HGLQVWYHQLLQGHNV - ]DJDUDQFLMXMHGLQVWYHQHYUHGQRVWL
)8//7(;7,1'(; ,QGHNV]DSUHWUDJXWHNVWD - ]DRSWLPL]DFLMXSUHWUDJH
63$7,$/,1'(; Prostorni indeks - ]DRSWLPL]DFLMXSURVWRUQLKSROMD
3ULOLNRPSUDYOMHQMDLQGHNVDSRWUHEQRMHRGUHGLWLPHKDQL]DPþXYDQMDLQGHNVDXED]L
SRGDWDND3RGUåDQDVXGYDWLSD
%75(( .RULVWLDOJRULWDPSUHWUDJHELQDUQRJVWDEOD.
Ovo je podUD]XPHYDQLPHKDQL]DP]DLQGHNVH
HASH .RULVWLSUHWUDJXWDEHOHKHãYUHGQRVWL.
1DMþHãüHVOXåLNRGSUHWUDJHSRSULPDUQLPNOMXþHYLPD
3RGLQGHNVPRåHGDVHXSLãHYLãHSROMDþLMDLPHQDVHQDYRGHX]DJUDGLL]DLPHQD
WDEHOHQDGNRMRPVHIRUPLUDLQGHNV
132
Baze podataka
1D RVQRYX VYHGHQH VLQWDNVH QDUHGED NRMRP VH SUDYL MHGLQVWYHQL LQGHNV ]D SROMH
QDPHXWDEHOLORFDWLRQNRMLPVHJDUDQWXMHMHGLQVWYHQDYUHGQRVWLPHQDORNDFLMHMH
ɏɏ

ſƀŚ
,VWLPSRVWXSNRPPRJXGDEXGXQDSUDYOMHQLMHGLQVWYHQLLQGHNVX]DVYDRVWDODSROMD
LOLJUXSHSROMDSUHPDSULPHUXPRGHODED]HSRGDWDNDVDNRMLPVHUDGLXSULPHUXNRMLMH
REUDÿHQXNQML]L64/QDUHGEHXQDVWDYNXSUDYHVYHSUHRVWDOHMHGLQVWYHQHLQGHNVH
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_article_name ON article (name);

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_client_email ON client (email);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_feature_name ON feature (name);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_feature_type_name ON feature_type (name);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_payment_type_name ON payment_type (name);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_procurement_transaction_number ON procurement
(transaction_number);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_shipment_shipping_code ON shipment (shipping_code);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_supplier_email ON supplier (email);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_supplier_name ON supplier (name);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX uq_supplier_phone ON supplier (phone);
8.4.15 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHLQGHNVD- DROP INDEX
6LQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DEULVDQMHLQGHNVDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
DROP INDEX index_name ON tbl_name;
3ULPHU64/QDUHGEH ]DEULVDQMHLQGHNVDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
DROP INDEX uq_article_name ON article;
8.4.16 64/QDUHGED]DL]PHQXWDEHOH- $/7(57$%/(
6LQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DL]PHQXWDEHOHMHVORåHQDLREXKYDWDYHOLNLEURMDNWLYQRVWLNRMH
PRJXGDVHREDYHSULOLNRP]DKWHYD]DL]PHQX
,]PHQRPWDEHOHMHPRJXüHREDYLWLL]PHÿXRVWDOLKVOHGHüLKDNWLYQRVWL
3URPHQDLPHQDWDEHOH
3URPHQDSRWSLVDSROMDWDEHOH
'RGDYDQMHSROMDXWDEHOX
%ULVDQMHSROMDL]WDEHOH
'RGDYDQMHRJUDQLþHQMDUHIHUHQFHXWDEHOXLWG
133
Baze podataka
3URPHQDLPHQDWDEHOH
Ukoliko postojLSRWUHEDGDVHWDEHODSUHLPHQXMHEH]JXELWNDVWUXNWXUHLSRGDWDNDX
QMRM PRJXüH MH NRULãüHQMH YDULMDQWH 64/ QDUHGEH ]D L]PHQX WDEHOH VD DNWLYQRãüX
SURPHQHLPHQD
3ULPHURYDNYH64/QDUHGEHMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ALTER TABLE old_table_name RENAME new_table_name;
3URPHQDLPHQDLSRWSLVDSROMD
8NROLNR SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH X SRVWRMHüRM WDEHOL SURPHQL SRWSLV SROMD LPH WLS
SRGDWND LOL GUXJH SRVWDYNH PRJXüH MH NRULãüHQMH YDULMDQWH 64/ QDUHGEH ]D L]PHQX
WDEHOHVDDNWLYQRãüXSURPHQHSRWSLVDSROMD
3ULPHULRYDNYLK64/QDUHGELVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
Promena imena polja
8NROLNR MH SRWUHEQR GD VH SURPHQL LPH SROMD X WDEHOL WDEOHBQDPH VD ROGBQDPH X
QHZBQDPHSRWUHEQRMHL]YUãLWLQDUHGEX
ɏ
ɏɏſɨɩɯƀNULL;
3ULOLNRPSURPHQHLPHQDSROMDQHRSKRGQRMHSRWYUGLWLFHORNXSDQSRWSLVSROMDWMWLS
SRGDWNDSROMDVDVYLPSULSDGDMXüLPSRGHãDYDQMLPDNDRLVYHGUXJHSRVWDYNHSROMDNDR
ãWRMHXRYRPVOXþDMX12718//
Promena tipa podatka polja
8NROLNR MH SRWUHEQR GD VH SURPHQL WLS SROMD FROXPQBQDPH QD 7(;7 WLS VD 127
18//SRVWDYNRPSRWUHEQRMHL]YUãLWLQDUHGEX
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY COLUMN column_name TEXT NOT NULL;
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHSURPHQLLPHSROMDXWDEHOLX]SURPHQXSRWSLVDWUHED
da se koULVWLDNWLYQRVW&+$1*(.
8NROLNR SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH SURPHQL VDPR SRWSLV SROMD X WDEHOL EH] PHQMDQMD
LPHQDWUHEDGDVHNRULVWLDNWLYQRVW02',)<.
134
Baze podataka
'RGDYDQMHSROMDXWDEHOX
8NROLNR SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH X SRVWRMHüX WDEHOX GRGD QRYR SROMH PRJXüH MH
NRULãüHQMH 64/ QDUHGEH ]D L]PHQX WDEHOH VD DNWLYQRãüX GRGDYDQMD SROMD RGUHÿHQRJ
LPHQDLSRWSLVD3ULPHURYDNYH64/QDUHGEHMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ALTER TABLE article

ADD COLUMN
ɏſɨƀ
ɨŚ
*RUHQDYHGHQD64/QDUHGEDGRGDMHSROMHLVBYLVLEOHNRMHVOXåLNDRORJLþNLSRGDWDN
UHDOL]RYDQNRULãüHQMHPQHREHOHåHQRJFHOREURMQRJWLSD]DSROMHNRMHQHPRåHGDRVWDQH
SUD]QR L þLMD SRGUD]XPHYDQD YUHGQRVW MH 3ROMH üH SRGUD]XPHYDQR ELWL GRGDWR QD
SRVOHGQMHPHVWRXWDEHOL
Ako postojL SRWUHED GD VH QRYR SROMH GRGD QD WDþQR RGUHÿHQX ORNDFLMX X WDEHOL
PRJXüH MHX QDVWDYNX 64/ QDUHGEH SUHFL]LUDWL L]D NRMHJ SRVWRMHüHJ SROMD QRYR SROMH
WUHEDGDEXGHGRGDWR
3ULPHURYDNYH64/QDUHGEHMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ALTER TABLE article

ADD COLUMN
ɏſɨƀ
ɨ Ś
*RUHQDYHGHQD64/QDUHGEDGRGDMHQRYRSROMHQDSR]LFLMXL]DSRVWRMHüHJSROMDVD
LPHQRPGHWDLOV
%ULVDQMHSROMDL]WDEHOH
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHL]SRVWRMHüHWDEHOHL]EULãHSRVWRMHüHSROMHPRJXüHMH
NRULãüHQMH 64/ QDUHGEH ]D L]PHQX WDEHOH VD DNWLYQRãüX EULVDQMD SROMD L] WDEHOH
3ULOLNRP EULVDQMD SROMD ELüH WUDMQR L]JXEOMHQH VYH YUHGQRVWL X WDEHOL NRMH VX XSLVDQH
SRGWLPSROMHP3ULPHURYDNYH64/QDUHGEHMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ALTER TABLE article

DROP COLUMN is_visible;
*RUH QDYHGHQD 64/ QDUHGED EULãH SROMH LVBYLVLEOH L] WDEHOH DUWLFOH 2YLP
SRVWXSNRP VH JXEH VYH YUHGQRVWL SRGDWND LVBYLVLEOHL] VYLK ]DSLVD X WDEHOL DUWLFOH 8
VOXþDMXSRWUHEHGDVHSROMHQDNQDGQRYUDWLQHSRVWRML PRJXüQRVWYUDüDQMDSUYRELWQLK
YUHGQRVWL]DSRMHGLQDþQHUHGRYHL]WDEHOHRVLPL]HYHQWXDOQHUH]HUYQHNRSLMHWDEHOHLOL
ED]HSRGDWDNDQDSUDYOMHQHSUHSRVWXSNDEULVDQMDSROMD
135
Baze podataka
8.4.17 64/QDUHGED]DSUDYOMHQMHUHIHUHQFL- )25(,*1.(<
'R RYRJ NRUDND PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND MH UHDOL]RYDQ WDNR GD SRVHGXMH LVNOMXþLYR
LPSOLFLWQHUHODFLMHNRMHVH]DVQLYDMXQDNRQYHQFLMLLPHQRYDQMD1SUQDRVQRYXLPHQD
SROMD SD\PHQWBW\SHBLG X WDEHOL SD\PHQW MDVQR MH GD MH SROMH QDPHQMHQR NDR VWUDQL
NOMXþ RG WDEHOH SD\PHQW X NRMRM MH GHILQLVDQR ND WDEHOL SD\PHQWBW\SH þLMH LPH
SULPDUQRJNOMXþDQRVLWMSD\PHQWBW\SHBLG
,PSOLFLWQH UHODFLMH QH REH]EHÿXMX RþXYDQMH LQWHJULWHWD SRGDWDND MHU QH SRVWRMH
SURYHUHNRMHELELOHSRVWDYOMHQHRJUDQLþHQMLPDQDGSROMLPDVWUDQLKNOMXþHYDXWDEHOL
PostXSDNSUDYOMHQMDUHIHUHQFHL]PHÿXWDEHODVHUHDOL]XMHNRULãüHQMHP64/QDUHGEH
]DL]PHQXWDEHOHLQMHQHYDULMDQWHVDNRULãüHQMHPDNWLYQRVWL]DGRGDYDQMHRJUDQLþHQMD
3ULPHU SUDYOMHQMD MHGQRJ RJUDQLþHQMD RGQRVQR UHIHUHQFH QDG WDEHORP

DUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\NRMLPVHSUDYLþYUVWDUHODFLMDL]PHÿXSROMDVWUDQRJNOMXþDDUWLFOHBLGL
SULPDUQRJNOMXþDWDEHOHDUWLFOHMHGDWXQDVWDYNX
ALTER TABLE article_category

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_article_category_article_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES article (article_id)
ON DELETE RESTRICT
ON UPDATE CASCADE;
*RUHQDSLVDQD64/QDUHGEDYUãLL]PHQXWDEHOHDUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\GRGDYDQMHPQRYRJ
RJUDQLþHQMD NRMH VD VRERP SRYODþL DXWRPDWVNR SUDYOMHQMH LQGHNVD VD LPHQRP
INBDUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\BDUWLFOHBLGQDGVWUDQLPNOMXþHP]DNRMLVHNRULVWLSROMHDUWLFOHBLGD
UHIHUHQFLUDVHWDEHODDUWLFOHLQMHQSULPDUQLNOMXþWMSROMHDUWLFOHBLG
2YLPRJUDQLþHQMHPVHMRãSUHFL]LUDMXVLWXDFLMHSULOLNRPSRNXãDMD
EULVDQMD21'(/(7(]DSLVDL]UHIHUHQFLUDQHWDEHOHDUWLFOH ako postoji

EDUHP MHGDQ ]DSLV X WDEHOL DUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\ NRML VDGUåL X SROMX DUWLFOHBLG
YUHGQRVW SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD]DSLVD NRMLVH EULãH GD WDDNWLYQRVWEXGH VSUHþHQD
5(675,&7
L]PHQH 21 83'$7( ]DSLVD L] UHIHUHQFLUDQH WDEHOH DUWLFOH ako postoje
]DSLVL X WDEHOL DUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\ NRML VDGUåL X SROMX DUWLFOHBLG YUHGQRVW
SULPDUQRJNOMXþD]DSLVDNRMHPVHPHQMDYUHGQRVWGDVHYUHGQRVWSURPHQLLX
VYLP ]DSLVLPD X WDEHOL DUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\ X SROMX DUWLFOHBLG JGH VH WD YUHGQRVW
SRPLQMH&$6&$'(
,VWLP SRVWXSNRP PRJX GD EXGX QDSUDYOMHQH VYH RVWDOH UHIHUHQFH SUHGYLÿHQH
SULPHURPPRGHODED]HSRGDWDNDNRMLVHREUDÿXMH64/QDUHGEHXQDVWDYNXSUDYHVYH
SUHRVWDOHUHIHUHQFHL]PHÿXWDEHODNDRãWRMHSUHGYLÿHQRSUHGVWDYOMHQLPPRGHORP
136
Baze podataka
ALTER TABLE article_category

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_article_category_category_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES category (category_id)
ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE feature

ADD CONSTRAINT
fk_feature_feature_type_id

ſɏɏƀ
REFERENCES feature_type (feature_type_id)
ALTER TABLE article_feature

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_article_feature_article_id

ſɏƀ
ALTER TABLE article_feature

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_article_feature_feature_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES feature (feature_id)
ALTER TABLE article_price

ADD CONSTRAINT
fk_article_price_article_id

ſɏƀ
ALTER TABLE procurement

ADD CONSTRAINT
fk_procurement_location_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES location (location_id)

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_procurement_supplier_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES supplier (supplier_id)

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_procurement_article_id

ſɏƀ
ALTER TABLE transfer

ADD CONSTRAINT
fk_transfer_article_id

ſɏd)
137
Baze podataka

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_transfer_from__location_id

ſɏɏɏƀ
ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT;

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_transfer_to__location_id

ſɏɏɏƀ
ALTER TABLE invoice

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_invoice_client_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES client (client_id)
ALTER TABLE invoice_article

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_invoice_article_invoice_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES invoice (invoice_id)
ALTER TABLE invoice_article

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_invoice_article_article_id

ſɏƀ
ALTER TABLE payment

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_payment_invoice_id

ſɏƀ
ALTER TABLE payment

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_payment_payment_type_id

ſɏɏƀ
REFERENCES payment_type (payment_type_id)
ALTER TABLE shipment

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_shipment_invoice_id

ſɏƀ
ON DELETE RESTRICT
ON UPDATE CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE shipment

ADD CONSTRAINT fk_shipment_client_id

ſɏƀ
REFERENCES client (client_id)
ON DELETE RESTRICT
ON UPDATE CASCADE;
138
Baze podataka
8.4.18 0DQLSXODFLMDSRGDFLPD
8 SUHWKRGQLP SRJODYOMLPD MH LVWDNQXWR GD VH 64/ MH]LN VH VDVWRML L] WUL RVQRYQH
JUXSHQDUHGELPHÿXNRMLPDMHLJUXSDQDUHGEL]DXSUDYOMDQMHSRGDFLPD- '0/HQJ
Data Manipulation LanguageNRMDRPRJXüDYDMXGRSUHPDQMHLPHQMDQMHSRGDWNHNRML
VHþXYDMXXVWUXNWXLUDQRPREOLNXXED]LSRGDWDND
8SUDYOMDQMHPSRGDFLPDVHVPDWUD
'RGDYDQMHSRGDWDND
'RSUHPDQMHSUHJOHGSRGDWDND
,]PHQDSRGDWDNDL
%ULVDQMHSRGDWDND
8.4.19 64/QDUHGED]DGRGDYDQMHSRGDWDND- INSERT
3RVWRMHGYDRVQRYQDREOLND,16(57QDUHGEH]DGRGDYDQMHpodataka:
QDUHGED]DGRGDYDQMHL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLKYUHGQRVWL
QDUHGED]DGRGDYDQMHYUHGQRVWLGRELMHQLKNDRUH]XOWDWXSLWD
2EOLNVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPD LPDGYHVLQWDNVQHIRUPH
)RUPD QDUHGEH ]D GRGDYDQMH SRGDWND VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD sa

PRJXüQRãüXGRGDYDQMDYLãH]DSLVDLVWRYUHPHQR2GOLNXMHVHSRWRPHãWRRPRJXüDYD
QDYRÿHQMH VSLVND SROMD VD SURSLVDQLP UHGRVOHGRP SRG NRMLP üH YUHGQRVWL NRMH VH
GRGDMXELWLGHILQLVDQHX9$/8(6NODX]XOL
ƃ
ƄƃƄɏƃſɏƃřɏme] ...)]

(value [, value] ...) [, (value [, value] ...)] ...
)RUPD QDUHGEH ]D GRGDYDQMH SRGDWND VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD VD
QDYRÿHQMHPSRMHGLQDþQLKSDURYDSROMDLYUHGQRVWL
2YDMREOLNQDUHGEH]DGRGDYDQMH]DSLVDXWDEHOXED]HSRGDWDNDSRGUåDYDGRGDYDQMH
VDPRMHGQRJ]DSLVDMHGQRPQDUHGERP
ƃ
ƄƃƄtbl_name
SET col_name = value [, col_name = value] ...
2EOLN]DGRGDYDQMHYUHGQRVWLGRELMHQLKNDRUH]XOWDWXSLWD LPDVLQWDNVQXIRUPX
ƃ
ƄƃƄɏƃſl_name [, col_name] ...) ] SELECT ...
139
Baze podataka
5H]HUYLVDQDUHþ,172NRMDPRåHGDVHQDOD]LLVSUHGLPHQDWDEHOHMHSURL]YROMQD
5H]HUYLVDQDUHþ,*125(NRMDPRåHGDVHQDOD]LQDNRQUH]HUYLVDQHUHþL,16(57
RGUHÿXMH VHUYHUX GD QH REMDYOMXMH JUHãNX SULOLNRP SRNXãDMD GRGDYDQMD ]DSLVD VD
YUHGQRVWLPDNRMHQLVXSULKYDWOMLYHQSUYHüSRVWRMLYUHGQRVWXSROMXNRMHMHLQGHNVLUDQR
NDRMHGLQVWYHQRLOLMHUHIHUHQFLUDQMHQHSRVWRMHüHJSULPDUQRJNOMXþDXYH]DQHWDEHOHLWG
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHXED]XSRGDWDNDGRGDMXWULQRYHORNDFLMHQDNRMLPD
NRPSDQLMDSRVOXMHWRMHPRJXüHSRVWLüLL]YUãDYDQMHPQDUHGELSULND]DQLPXQDVWDYNX
3ULND]DQDVXGYDQDþLQD]DGRGDYDQMHSRGDWDNDVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPD
8QRVORNDFLMD
1DUHGED ]D LVWRYUHPHQR GRGDYDQMH GYH ORNDFLMH X] QDYRÿHQMH SROMk ]D NRMH VX
GHILQLVDQHYUHGQRVWLMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
9UHGQRVWL]DSROMDPRUDMXGDEXGXSRUHÿDQHRQLPUHGRVOHGRPNRMLPVXQDYHGHQD
LPHQDSROMDX]DJUDGLL]DLPHQDWDEHOH
INSERT
location
(name, address)

ſɑɨɑřɑìɑƀř
ſɑɩɑřɑìɑƀŚ
1DUHGED ]D GRGDYDQMH MHGQH ORNDFLMH QDYRÿHQMHP SRMHGLQDþQLK SDURYD SROMD L

YUHGQRVWLNRMHVHGRGDMXMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
INSERT
location
SET
ʰɑɪ",
ʰɑì©ɑŚ
7HNVWXDOQHYUHGQRVWLX64/MH]LNXPRUDMXGDEXGXXRNYLUHQHQDYRGQLFLPD
1DNRQL]YUãDYDQMDRYHGYH64/QDUHGEH]DGRGDYDQMHSRGDWDNDWDEHODORFDWLRQüH
VDGUåDWLWUL]DSLVDSULND]DQDXSULND]XXQDVWDYNX
ORFDWLRQ
ORFDWLRQBLG FUHDWHGBDW name address
1 2018-03-25 07:24:19 5DGQMD5 $GUHVDQDãHSUYHUDGQMH
2 2018-03-25 07:24:19 5DGQMD5 $GUHVDQDãHGUXJHUDGQMH
3 2018-03-25 07:24:55 5DGQMD5 $GUHVDQDãHWUHüHUDGQMH
140
Baze podataka
9UHGQRVWLSROMDORFDWLRQBLGLFUHDWHGBDWVXDXWRPDWVNLGRGHOMHQHQDVHUYHUXWDNRGD
3ROMH ORFDWLRQBLG NRMH MH GHILQLVDQR NDR $872B,1&5(0(17 GRELMD XYHN

YUHGQRVW]DMHGDQYHüXRGSUHWKRGQRGRGHOMHQH
3ROMH FUHDWHGBDW NRMH MH SRGUD]XPHYDQR &855(17B7,0(67$0 GRELMD
GDWXPLYUHPHVHUYHUDXWUHQXWNXGRGDYDQMD]DSLVD
8QDVWDYNXMHSULND]DQRMRãSULPHUDQDUHGEL]DGRGDYDQMH]DSLVDXWDEHOHED]H
8QRVQDþLQDSODüDQMD
INSERT payment_type (name)

ſɑ
©ɑƀř
ſɑ©ɑƀř
ſɑ©«ɑƀř
("Kupovina pre«ɑƀŚ
'RGDMH X WDEHOX SD\PHQWBW\SH þHWLUL ]DSLVD VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD ]D
þHWLULYUVWHSODüDQMDNRMHNRPSDQLMDSRGUåDYD9UHGQRVWLSROMDFUHDWHGBDWLLVBDFWLYHVX
DXWRPDWVNLGRGHOMHQDSUHPDGHILQLFLMLSRGUD]XPHYDQHYUHGQRVWL]DWDSROMD.
8QRVGREDYOMDþD
INSERT
supplier (name, address, email, phone)

ſɑ«ɨɑřɑ«ɑřɑɒŜɑřɑʫɪɯɨɨɨɨɥɥɥɥɨɑƀř
ſɑ«ɩɑřɑ«ɨɨɑřɑɒŜŜɑřɑʫɪɯɨɨɨɨɥɥɥɥɩɑƀŚ
'RGDMHXWDEHOXVXSSOLHUMHGQRJGREDYOMDþDVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPSRGDFLPD
Unos kategorije artikala
INSERT
category
SET
ʰɑ,ìɑŚ
'RGDMHXWDEHOXFDWHJRU\MHGQXNDWHJRULMXVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPLPHQRP
8QRVWLSRYDRVRELQDDUWLNDOD
INSERT
feature_type (name)

("Dɑƀř
ſɑɑƀŚ
141
Baze podataka
'RGDMHXWDEHOXIHDWXUHBW\SHGYHNDWHJRULMHVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPLPHQLPD
8QRVSRMHGLQDþQLKRVRELQDDUWLNDOD
INSERT feature (name, feature_type_id)

("Širina", 1),
ſɑɑřɨƀř
("Dubina", 1),
("Obim", 1),
ſɑɑřɩƀř
ſɑɑřɩƀŚ
'RGDMHXWDEHOXIHDWXUHãHVW]DSLVDRVRELQDVDGHILQLVDQLPLPHQLPDLYUHGQRVWLPD
]D VWUDQL NOMXþ IHDWXUHBW\SHBLG NRML XND]XMX QD WLSRYH RVRELQD 'LPHQ]LMH L
,]UDGD9UHGQRVWL,'EURMHYD]DSLVDNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXWLSRVRELQHIHDWXUHBW\SHVXL
DNRMHXVSHãQRL]YUãHQRGRGDYDQMH]DSLVDXVNODGXVDRYLPSULPHURP
Unos artikla
INSERT article SET

ʰɑ,ì- ɪɥɑř
ʰɑ«ììŜɑř
details = "Detaljan opis ovog artikla.";
'RGDMH X WDEHOX DUWLFOH MHGDQ DUWLNDO VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD ]D LPH
NUDWDNLGHWDOMDQRSLV2YDMDUWLNDOMRãXYHNQLMHSRYH]DQVDNDWHJRULMDPDLRVRELQDPD
Povezivanje artikla sa kategorijom
INSERT
article_category
SET
article_id = 1,
category_id = 1;
'RGDMHXWDEHOXDUWLFOHBFDWHJRU\]DSLVNRMLSRYH]XMHDUWLNDOýDãD- PRGHO7

VDNDWHJRULMRPýDãHþLPHMHRVWYDUHQDMHGQDYH]DL]UHODFLMH01L]PHÿXWDEHOD
DUWLFOHLFDWHJRU\2YLPSRVWXSNRPMHýDãD- PRGHO7VYUVWDQDXNDWHJRULMXýDãH
8QRVRVRELQDDUWLNDOD
INSERT article_feature
(article_id, feature_id, value)

ſɨřɩřɑɨɥɥɑƀř
ſɨřɫřɑɮɩɑƀř
(1, 5, "staklo"),
ſɨřɭřɑɑƀŚ
142
Baze podataka
'RGDMHþHWLUL]DSLVDXWDEHOXDUWLFOHBIHDWXUHþLMHVHDUWLNDOýDãD- PRGHO7

GRGDWQRREHOHåDYDVDþHWLULRVRELQHVDSUDWHüLPYUHGQRVWLPDLWR
9LVLQDVDYUHGQRãüXPP
2ELPVDYUHGQRãüXPP
0DWHULMDOVDYUHGQRãüXVWDNOR
2EOLNVDYUHGQRãüXYDOMNDVW
8QRVLSURPHQDFHQHDUWLNOD
INSERT article_price SET

ɏʰɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɯśɪɬśɪɰɑř
article_id = 1,
ʰɨɩɫŚ
INSERT article_price SET

ɏʰɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɰśɪɬśɨɨɑř
article_id = 1,
ʰɨɪɥŚ
3UHWKRGQHGYHQDUHGEHGRGDMXGYD]DSLVDSRMHGLQDþQRXWDEHOXDUWLFOHBSULFHþLPH
VHDUWLNOXýDãD- PRGHO7GRGHOMXMXFHQHSDGLQDUDSRMHGLQLFLPHUH
3RVORYQRPORJLNRPDSOLNDFLMHNRMDWUHEDGDXSRWUHEOMDYDRYXED]XSRGDWDNDSURGDMD
XYHNWUHEDGDVHYUãLSRQDMQRYLMRMFHQLGRNVHVYHSUHWKRGQHFHQHþXYDMXL]SRWUHEH]D
RþXYDQMHPLQWHJULWHWDSRGDWDNDL]ERJSUDüHQMDSURPHQDFHQDDUWLNDODNUR]YUHPH
(YLGHQFLMDQDEDYNHDUWLNOD
INSERT procurement SET

supplier_id = 1,
ɏʰɩř
article_id = 1,
quantity = 5,
transaction_number = "4001-ɩɪɨɨ-ɯɰɥɨɨɩɑŚ
'RGDMHMHGDQ]DSLVXWDEHOXSURFXUHPHQWVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPDNRMLPD
VH HYLGHQWLUD QDEDYND NRPDGD DUWLNOD ýDãD - PRGHO 7 RG GREDYOMDþD
'REDYOMDþGRVWDYOMHQLKQDORNDFLMX5DGQMD52".
(YLGHQFLMDSUHQRVDUREH
INSERT transfer SET

article_id = 1,
ɏɏɏʰɩř
ɏɏɏʰɪř
quantity = 4;
'RGDMH MHGDQ ]DSLV X WDEHOX WUDQVIHU VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD NRMLPD VH
HYLGHQWLUDSUHQRVDUWLNOD VDORNDFLMH5DGQMD5QDORNDFLMX5DGQMD5
143
Baze podataka
Unos klijenta
INSERT client SET

forename = "Milena",
ʰɑ©ɑř
ʰɑ°ɨɑř
ʰɑɒ-sajt.com";
'RGDMHMHGDQ]DSLVXWDEHOXFOLHQWVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPD
2WYDUDQMHQRYRJUDþXQD]DNXSRYLQXDUWLNDOD
INSERT invoice (client_id, created_at) ſɨřɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɰśɪɯśɨɨɑƀŚ
'RGDMH MHGDQ ]DSLV X WDEHOX LQYRLFH VD L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQLP YUHGQRVWLPD ]D GYD
QD]QDþHQD SROMD 8 RYRM QDUHGEL MH SRND]DQR GD UHGRVOHG SROMD QH PRUD GD EXGH LVWL
NDRXGHILQLFLMLWDEHOHMHUMHX]DJUDGLL]DLPHQDWDEHOHQDYHGHQSUDYLUHGRVOHGSUHPD
NRMHPVXYUHGQRVWLQDYHGHQHL]DNODX]XOH9$/8(6
'RGDYDQMHDUWLNODQDUDþXQ
INSERT invoice_article SET

invoice_id = 1,
article_id = 1,
ʰɩŚ
'RGDMH]DSLVXWDEHOXLQYRLFHBDUWLFOHNRMLPVHHYLGHQWLUDGDMHNRPDGDDUWLNOD
ýDãD- PRGHO7VWDYOMHQRQDUDþXQNRMLMHXSUHWKRGQRPNRUDNXRWYRUHQ
(YLGHQFLMDXSODWD
1H SRVWRML REDYH]D SODüDQMD UDþXQD L] MHGQRJ GHOD YHü MH PRJXüH QDSUDYLWL YLãH
XSODWD]DLVWLUDþXQ
3UHPDWRPHPRJXüHMHGDSODüDQMDEXGXL]YUãHQDUD]OLþLWLPQDþLQLPDSODüDQMD]D
LVWLUDþXQ7DMVFHQDULRMHSULND]DQXGROHQDYHGHQLPQDUHGEDPD
INSERT payment SET

ɏʰɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɰśɫɬśɪɫɑř
payment_type_id = 1, --

invoice_id = 1,
ʰɭɥŚ
INSERT payment SET

ɏʰɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɰśɫɬśɪɫɑř
payment_type_id = 4, -- «
invoice_id = 1,
ʰɩɥɥŚ
144
Baze podataka
'RGDMXGYD]DSLVDXWDEHOXSD\PHQWVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPDNRMLPDVH
HYLGHQWLUDMXGYHXSODWHSRUDþXQX
1. 3UYDXSODWDMHL]YUãHQDJRWRYLQVNLPSODüDQMHPXYUHGQRVWLRGGLQDUD
2. 'UXJDXSODWDMHL]YUãHQDGDYDQMHPYDXþHUDQDL]QRVRGGLQDUD
U SQL OLVWLQJX MH SULND]DQR NRULãüHQMH NRPHQWDUD X NRGX QDUHGEH NRMLPD VH
GRGDWQRSRMDãQMDYD]QDþHQMHYUHGQRVWLVWUDQRJNOMXþDSD\PHQWBW\SHBLGL
(YLGHQFLMDLVSRUXNH
INSERT shipment SET

invoice_id = 1,
client_it = 1,
shipping_code = "MT-ɩɥɥɯɩɨɪɬɨɫ-US";
'RGDMHMHGDQ]DSLVXWDEHOXVKLSPHQWVDL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQLPYUHGQRVWLPDNRMLPVH
HYLGHQWLUDLVSRUXNDUREHYH]DQH]DUDþXQNOLMHQWX0LOHQD0LOLüVDQDYHGHQLP
EURMHPSRãLOMNH
9UHGQRVW]DSROMHVWDWXVQLMHL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQRMHUMHSRGUD]XPHYDQDYUHGQRVWWRJ
SROMDSHQGLQJLR]QDþDYDGDMHLVSRUXNDSODQLUDQDWMXSULSUHPL
8 MHGQRP RG QDUHGQLK NRUDND MH REMDãQMHQR NDNR QDUHGEDPD ]D L]PHQX SRGDWND
PRåHGDVHNRULVWLGDVHVWDWXVSRãLOMNHSURPHQL
'RSXQDWDEHOD ED]HSRGDWDND]DSRWUHEHQDVWDYNDREUDGHRYRJSULPHUD
INSERT category (name)

ſɑɑƀř-- ©ɩř©
("Za dnevni boravak"), -- ©ɪ
ſɑ©ìɑƀř-- ©ɫ
("Za telefone"), -- ©ɬ
("Osvetljenje"); -- ©ɭ
INSERT feature_type
ʰɑìɑŚ-- ©ɪř©
INSERT feature (name, feature_type_id)

ſɑ
ɑřɪƀŚ-- ©ɮř ©ì
INSERT article (name, excerpt, details)

ſɑɩɥɑřɑŜɑřɑŜŜŜɑƀř-- ɩ
ſɑɫɪɑřɑŜŜŜɑřɑŜŜŜɑƀŚ-- ɪ
INSERT article_price (created_at, article_id, price)

ſɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɯśɪɬśɨɩɑřɩřɩɬɥƀř
ſɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɯśɪɬśɨɩɑřɪřɭɮɬɥƀŚ
145
Baze podataka
INSERT article_category (article_id, category_id)

ſɨřɩƀř-- ɑ,ì- ɪɥɑɑɑ
ſɩřɬƀř-- "Maska ɩɥɑɑɑ
ſɪřɪƀř-- ɑɫɪɑɑɑ
ſɪřɫƀř-- ɑɫɪɑɑ©ìɑ
ſɪřɭƀŚ-- ɑɫɪɑɑɑ
INSERT article_feature (article_id, feature_id, value)

ſɩřɨřɑɯɑƀř-- ɑɩɥɑɑhɑʰɑɯɑ
ſɩřɩřɑɨɬɥɑƀř-- ɑɩɥɑɑɑʰɑɨɬɥɑ
ſɩřɪřɑɮɩɑƀř-- ɑɩɥɑɑɑʰɑɮɩɑ
ſɩřɬřɑɑƀř-- ɑɩɥɑɑɑʰɑɑ
ſɪřɨřɑɪɥɥɑƀř-- ɑɫɪɑɑhɑʰɑɬɥɥɑ
ſɪřɩřɑɬɥɥɑƀř-- ɑɫɪɑɑɑʰɑɪɥɥɑ
ſɪřɬřɑɑƀř-- ɑɫɪɑɑɑʰɑɑ
(ɪřɮřɑɨɑƀŚ-- ɑɫɪɑɑ
ɑʰɑɨŜɑ
INSERT procurement (article_id,location_id,supplier_id,quantity,transaction_number)

(1, 1, 1, 10, "4001-ɩɪɨɯ-ɨɩɬɮɯɯɑƀř
ſɩřɩřɨřɩřɑɫɥɥɨ-ɩɪɨɰ-ɥɥɩɮɯɥɑƀř
ſɩřɪřɨřɫřɑɫɥɥɨ-ɩɪɨɯ-ɥɥɩɮɯɨɑƀř
ſɪřɪřɨřɨɩřɑɫɥɥɨ-ɩɪɨɯ-ɥɥɩɮɯɪɑƀř
ſɪřɨřɨřɩřɑɫɥɥɨ-ɩɪɩɮ-ɰɩɬɮɯɯɑƀŚ
INSERT transfer (from__location_id, to__location_id, article_id, quantity)

ſɨřɩřɨřɩƀř-- ɨɩřɩɨ
ſɩřɪřɩřɨƀř-- ɩɪřɨɩ
ſɩřɨřɩřɨƀř-- ɩ ɨřɨɩ
ſɪřɨřɪřɩƀŚ-- ɪɨřɩɪ
INSERT invoice SET -- ſ©«ɩƀ

ɏʰɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɥɰśɫɬśɪɰɑř--
client_id = 1; -- ɨ
INSERT invoice_article (invoice_id, article_id, quantity)

-- «°«
ſɩřɩřɨƀř-- ɨɑɩɥɑ
ſɩřɪřɨƀř-- ɨɑɫɪɑ
ſɩřɨřɭƀŚ-- ɭɑ,ì- ɪɥɑ
INSERT
payment (created_at, invoice_id, payment_type_id, amount)

ſɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɪ-ɩɬɨɨśɨɨśɬɭɑřɩřɨřɨɰɫɬƀř-- ɩ
ſɑɩɥɨɯ-04-ɩɬɥɰśɪɪśɨɩɑřɩřɨřɨɰɫɬƀř--
ſɑɩɥɨɯ-05-ɩɭɨɭśɬɭśɨɥɑřɩřɨřɨɰɫɬƀř-- od po 1945 dinara
ſɑɩɥɨɯ-ɥɭ-ɩɫɥɯśɫɬśɩɩɑřɩřɨřɨɰɫɬƀŚ--
-- Kraj unosa podataka.

-- ćìŜ
146
Baze podataka
8.4.20 64/QDUHGED]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDND- SELECT
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
SELECT [DISTINCT] {* | col_name ...}

FROM table_name [[AS] alias_name] [, table_name [[AS] alias_name]] ...
[WHERE condition]
ƃ
ƇɏŶƈƃŶDESC], ...]
ƃ
Ƅ
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr} [ASC | DESC], ...]
[LIMIT [offset,] count];
5H]HUYLVDQDUHþ',67,1&7NRMDPRåHGDVHQDOD]LQDNRQUH]HUYLVDQHUHþL6(/(&7
MHSURL]YROMQDLXNROLNRMH]DGDWDRGUHÿXMHVHUYHUXGDGRVWDYLVDPRMHGLQVWYHQHUHGRYH
WM XNROLNR SRVWRML YLãH UHGRYD VD LGHQWLþQLP YUHGQRVWLPD X VYLP NRORQDPD NRMH VX
REHOHåHQH]DGRSUHPDQMHELüH]DGUåDQDVDPRSRMHGQDNRSLMDVYDNRJUHGD
8 VHNFLML ]D RGDELU LPHQDNRORQD L] WDEHODL] NRMLK VH SRGDFL GRSUHPDMX PRåH GD
EXGH QDSLVDQ VLPERO DVWHULVN]YH]GLFD NRMLP VH VHUYHUX VDRSãWDYD GD WUHED GD
GRVWDYLYUHGQRVWL]DVYHNRORQHVYLKWDEHODNRULãüHQLKXXSLWX8VXSURWQRPPRJXüHMH
QDYHVWLWDþDQSRSLVLPHQDSROMDNRORQDL]UD]OLþLWLKWDEHODþLMHYUHGQRVWLWUHEDGDEXGX
doprHPOMHQHXNRQDþQRPUH]XOWDWXXSLWD
8NROLNR VH XSLW YUãL QDG YLãH WDEHOD LPH SROMD VH SUHILNVXMH LPHQRP WDEHOH
SUDüHQLP VLPERORP WDþND QSU ORFDWLRQQDPH LOL VXSSOLHUDGGUHVV DNR MH SRWUHEQR
GRVWDYLWL LPH ORNDFLMH D DGUHVX GREDYOMDþD $NR EL VH VDPR QDYHOR LPH SROMH QSU
QDPHLDGGUHVVQDVWDODELQHMDVQDVLWXDFLMDGDOLVHPLVOLQDQDPHLDGGUHVVL]WDEHOH
ORFDWLRQLOLL]WDEHOHVXSSOLHUXNROLNRVXLMHGQDLGUXJDWDEHODNRULãüHQHXXSLWX
8VHNFLML)520NODX]XOHVHQDYRGLVSLVDNWDEHODQDGNRMLPD VHYUãLXSLW3ULOLNRP
QDYRÿHQMDLPHQDWDEHODPRJXüHMHRGUHÿHQLPWDEHODPDRGUHGLWLORNDOQLDOLMDV/RNDOQL
DOLMDVLVHNRULVWHXVLWXDFLMDPDNDGDWUHEDYLãHSXWDXXSLWXGDVHLVNRULVWLLVWDWDEHODVD
UD]OLþLWLP SUDYLOLPD ]D ILOWULUDQMH LOL NDGD SRVWRMH WDEHOH VD GXJDþNLP LPHQRP SD
XPHVWRNRULãüHQMDSXQRJLPHQDLQYRLFHBDUWLFOHPRJXüHMHNRULVWLWLQSUDOLMDVLDLWG
8VHNFLML:+(5(NODX]XOHVHQDYRGLORJLþNLL]UD]NRMLVOXåL]DILOWULUDQMHYUHGQRVWL
]D NRQDþDQ VHW UH]XOWDWD /RJLþNL L]UD]L X :+(5( NODX]XOL PRJX GD EXGX L]X]HWQR
VORåHQL.RPSOHWDQ SUHJOHG VYLK PRJXüLK YDULMDFLMDMH GRVWXSDQ X ]YDQLþQRM 0\64/
GRNXPHQWDFLML X VHNFLML :+(5( NODX]XOH 8 SULPHULPD X QDVWDYNX MH SULND]DQR
QHNROLNRQDMþHãüLKYDULMDQWLNRMHXSUDNVLPRJXGDVHNRULVWH
8VHNFLML*5283%<NODX]XOHVHRGUHÿXMHVSLVDNNRORQDSRNRMLPDWUHEDREDYLWL
JUXSLVDQMH *UXSLVDQMH VH QDMþHãüH NRULVWL X] IXQNFLMH DJUHJDFLMH NRMH PRJX GD VH
NRULVWHX6(/(&7NODX]XOLLX:+(5(NODX]XOL
147
Baze podataka
8 VHNFLML +$9,1* NODX]XOH VH QDYRGL ORJLþNL L]UD] NRML VOXåL ]D QDNQDGQR
ILOWULUDQMH YUHGQRVWL ]D NRQDþDQ VHW UH]XOWDWD QDG VHWRP GRELMHQLP QDNRQ JUXSLVDQMD
L]YUãHQRJL]UD]RPX*5283%<NODX]XOL
8 VHNFLML 25'(5 %< NODX]XOH VH QDYRGL VSLVDN SROMD LOL L]UD]D QD RVQRYX NRMLK
WUHED GD VH REDYL NRQDþQR VRUWLUDQMH VHWD UH]XOWDWD X RGUHÿHQL SRUHGDN QSU UDVWXüL
RSDGDMXüLLOLSUHPDSRVHEQRRGUHÿHQRPSUDYLOX0RJXüHMHQDYHVWLYLãHNULWHULMXPD]D
VRUWLUDQMH UH]XOWDWD V WLP GD SUYL QDYHGHQL LPD SULRULWHW GRN VH RVWDOL NRULVWH NDGD
SRVWRMHGYDUHGDVDLVWRPYUHGQRãüX XSROMXYHüHJSULRULWHWDXL]UD]XVRUWLUDQMD
8VHNFLML/,0,7NODX]XOHVHQDYRGLRSVHJRG-GRLOLXNXSDQEURM]DSLVDNRMLWUHEDGD
EXGX YUDüHQL L] NRQDþQRJ VHWD UH]XOWDWD GRELMHQRJ QDNRQ VYLK SUHWKRGQLK ILOWULUDQMD
JUXSLVDQMDVHNXQGDUQRJILOWULUDQMDLVRUWLUDQMDVHWDUH]XOWDWD
'RSUHPDQMHVYLKNRORQDL]VYLKUHGRYDMHGQHWDEHOH
ýHVWRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHGRSUHPHVYLSRGDFLL]MHGQHWDEHOH3ULPHUXSLWD
SELECT *
FROM payment_type;
8SLWRP MH WUDåHQR GRSUHPDQMH VYLK NRORQD L] WDEHOH SD\PHQWBW\SH EH]
ILOWULUDQMDJUXSLVDQMDLOLSURPHQHSRGUD]XPHYDQRJSRUHWNDXSLVDQLK]DSLVDXWDEHOL
.DRUH]XOWDWRYDNYRJXSLWDQDVWDMHVHWUH]XOWDWDNDRXWDEHOLXQDVWDYNX
SD\PHQWBW\SHBLG FUHDWHGBDW name LVBDFWLYH

1 2018-03-25 09:14:59 *RWRYLQVNRSODüDQMH 1
2 2018-03-25 09:14:59 3ODüDQMHSODWQRPNDUWLFRP 1
3 2018-03-25 09:14:59 3ODüDQMHþHNRYLPD 1
4 2018-03-25 09:14:59 .XSRYLQDSUHNRYDXþHUD 1
'RSUHPDQMHRGUHÿHQLKNRORQDL]VYLK]DSLVDMHGQHWDEHOH
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHGRSUHPHVDPRRGUHÿHQHNRORQH WMYUHGQRVWLL]WDþQR
RGUHÿHQLKSROMDMHGQHWDEHOHPRJXüHMHNRULVWLWLXSLWNDRXSULPHUXXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
payment_type_id, name
FROM
payment_type;
2YDNYLP XSLWRP ]DKWHYDQR VDPR NRORQH SD\PHQWBW\SHBLG L QDPH L] WDEHOH

SD\PHQWBW\SH EH] GRGDWQRJ ILOWULUDQMD JUXSLVDQMD LOL SURPHQH SRGUD]XPHYDQRJ
SRUHWNDXSLVDQLK]DSLVDXWDEHOL
148
Baze podataka
SD\PHQWBW\SHBLG name
1 *RWRYLQVNRSODüDQMH
2 3ODüDQMHSODWQRPNDUWLFRP
3 3ODüDQMHþHNRYLPD
4 .XSRYLQDSUHNRYDXþHUD
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]VYLK]DSLVDMHGQHWDEHOHVDSUHLPHQRYDQMHPSROMD
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHGRSUHPHVDPRRGUHÿHQHNRORQHWMYUHGQRVWLL]WDþQR
RGUHÿHQLK SROMD MHGQH WDEHOH D GD X] WR RGUHÿHQD SROMD EXGX SUHLPHQRYDQD X VHWX
UH]XOWDWDXRGQRVXQDWRNDNRVHWDSROMDRULJLQDOQR]RYXXWDEHOLPRJXüHMHNRULVWLWL
XSLWNDRXSULPHUXXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
payment_type_id AS id,
name as ime
FROM
payment_type;
id ime
1 *RWRYLQVNRSODüDQMH
2 3ODüDQMHSODWQRPNDUWLFRP
3 3ODüDQMHþHNRYLPD
4 .XSRYLQDSUHNRYDXþHUD
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]VDPRMHGQHWDEHOHX]ILOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWD
.DGDSRVWRMLRGUHÿHQLNULWHULMXP]DILOWULUDQMH]DSLVDNRMHMHSRWUHEQRGRSUHPLWLL]
WDEHOHXED]LSRGDWDNDSRWUHEQRMHGDVHNRULVWL:+(5(NODX]XODXNRMRMMHQDYHGHQ
ORJLþNLL]UD]QDRVQRYXNRMHJüHELWLGRQHWDRGOXNDGDOLüHRGUHÿHQL]DSLVGDVHQDÿHX
NRQDþQRPVHWXUH]XOWDWDLOLQH$NRMHUH]XOWDWL]YUãDYDQMDORJLþNRJL]UD]D758(]DSLV
üHVHQDüLXNRQDþQRPVHWXUH]XOWDWDDDNRMH)$/6(]DSLVüHELWLL]X]HWL]NRQDþQRJ
VHWDUH]XOWDWDQDNRQSUYRJNRUDNDILOWULUDQMD:+(5(NODX]XORP3ULPHUXSLWD
SELECT
feature_id,
name
FROM
feature
WHERE
ɏɏʰɩŚ
149
Baze podataka
KaRUH]XOWDWRYDNYRJXSLWDQDVWDMHVHWUH]XOWDWDNDRXWDEHOLXQDVWDYNX
feature_id name
5 Materijal
6 Oblik
3ULOLNRP ILOWULUDQMD ]DGUåDQL VX VDPR RQL ]DSLVL ]D NRMH MH YDåLR ]DGDWL XVORY GD
YUHGQRVWSROMDIHDWXUHBW\SHBLGEXGHMHGQDND
$NRVHSRJOHGD VSLVDN]DSLVDNRMLSRVWRMHXWDEHOLIHDWXUHVDVYLPQMHQLPSROMLPD
YLVLVHGDVDPR]D]DSLVHNRMLVXLVWDNQXWLYDåLGDMH]DGDWLORJLþNLXVORYLVSXQMHQ
feature_id FUHDWHGBDW name IHDWXUHBW\SHBLG

1 2018-03-25 15:34:43 âLULQD 1
2 2018-03-25 15:34:47 9LVLQD 1
3 2018-03-25 15:34:51 'XELQD 1
4 2018-03-25 15:34:54 2ELP 1
5 2018-03-25 15:35:29 0DWHULMDO 2
6 2018-03-25 15:35:34 2EOLN 2
7 2018-03-25 15:32:41 *DUDQFLMD 3
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]YLãHWDEHOD- VSDMDQMH:+(5(NODX]XORP
.DGD SRVWRML SRWUHED GD EXGX SULND]DQL SRGDFL L] WDEHOH NRMD MH YH]DQD QSU
UHODFLMRPMHGDQSUHPDYLãHVDRGUHÿHQRPWDEHORPXVHWXUH]XOWDWDPRJXüHMHSRYH]DWL
GRGDWQXWDEHOXXXSLWQDYLãHQDþLQD-HGDQQDþLQMHNRULãüHQMHP:+(5(NODX]XOH]D
L]ULþLWRVSDMDQMHVWUDQRJNOMXþDGRPDüHLSULPDUQRJNOMXþDVWUDQHWDEHOH
3ULPHUXSLWD
SELECT
feature.*,
feature_type.name AS feature_type_name
FROM
feature, feature_type
WHERE
feature.feature_type_id = feature_type.feature_type_id;
8JRUHSULND]DQRPXSLWXX6(/(&7VHNFLML]DWUDåHQRMHGRSUHPDQMHVYLKNRORQDL]
WDEHOHIHDWXUHIHDWXUH LVDPRSROMHQDPHL]WDEHOHIHDWXUHBW\SHDOLX]LVWRYUHPHQR
SUHLPHQRYDQMHNRORQHXIHDWXUHBW\SHBQDPH8:+(5(NODX]XOLL]ULþLWRMHSRWYUÿHQD
YH]D L]PHÿX WDEHOD IHDWXUH L IHDWXUHBW\SH SUHNR L]UD]D NRML MH WDþDQ 758( VDPR X
VLWXDFLMDPD NDGD VH YUHGQRVW VWUDQRJ NOMXþD X WDEHOL IHDWXUH SRNODSD VD YUHGQRãüX
SULPDUQRJNOMXþDXWDEHOLIHDWXUHBW\SH
150
Baze podataka
.DRUH]XOWDWRYDNYRJXSLWDGRELMHQMHVHWUH]XOWDWDNDRXWDEHOLXQDVWDYNX
feature_id FUHDWHGBDW name IHDWXUHBW\SHBLG IHDWXUHBW\SHBQDPH

1 2018-03-25 15:34:43 âLULQD 1 Dimenzije
2 2018-03-25 15:34:47 9LVLQD 1 Dimenzije
3 2018-03-25 15:34:51 'XELQD 1 Dimenzije
4 2018-03-25 15:34:54 2ELP 1 Dimenzije
5 2018-03-25 15:35:29 Materijal 2 Izrada
6 2018-03-25 15:35:34 Oblik 2 Izrada
7 2018-03-25 15:32:41 *DUDQFLMD 3 2SãWHLQIRUPDFLMH
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]YLãHWDEHOD- VSDMDQMH-2,1NODX]XORP
64/MH]LNSUHGYLÿDSRVWRMDQMHYLãHYUVWD-2,1PHKDQL]DPDPHÿXNRMLPDVXL
,11(5-2,1
287(5JOIN
/()7-2,1
5,*+7-2,1
FULL JOIN
2GUHÿHQL-2,1PHKDQL]PLQLVXSRGUåDQLX0\64/LPSOHPHQWDFLML
3ULPHUL 64/ XSLWD ]D GRSUHPDQMH SRGDWDND NRML GHPRQVWULUDMX QDþLQH L]YUãDYDQMD
QDYHGHQLK WLSRYD -2,1 PHKDQL]DPD VX SULND]DQL X QDVWDYNX =D LOXVWUDFLMX SULPera
QDYHGHQLKXQDVWDYNXVXNRULãüHQHWDEHOHL]PRGHODNRMLVHREUDÿXMHXRYRPSRJODYOMX
151
Baze podataka
,11(5-2,1
SELECT
invoice.invoice_id,
invoice.client_id invoice_client_id,
shipment.shipment_id,
shipment.client_it shipment_client_id,
shipment.shipping_code,
shipment.status
FROM invoice
INNER JOIN shipment ON invoice.invoice_id = shipment.invoice_id;
LQYRLFHBLG LQYRLFHBFOLHQWBLG VKLSPHQWBLG VKLSPHQWBFOLHQWBLG VKLSSLQJBFRGH status
1 1 1 1 MT-2008213514-US VHQW
/()7-2,1
SELECT
invoice.invoice_id,
shipment.status
FROM invoice
LEFT JOIN
shipment ON invoice.invoice_id = shipment.invoice_id;
1 1 1 1 MT-2008213514-US VHQW
2 1 NULL NULL NULL NULL
.RG/()7-2,1PHKDQL]PDELüHSULND]DQLVYL]DSLVLL]OHYHWDEHOHVDNRMRPVH
YUãLVSDMDQMHGUXJHDL]GHVQHNRMDVHVSDMDELüHSULND]DQHYUHGQRVWL]DSLVDVDPR
DNRWDNYL]DSLVLSRVWRMHGRNüHXVXSURWQRPELWL]DPHQMHQLVD18LL.
5,*+7-2,1
SELECT
procurement.procurement_id,
procurement.supplier_id,
procurement.location_id,
procurement.article_id,
procurement.quantity,
supplier.name
FROM procurement

supplier ON procurement.supplier_id = supplier.supplier_id;
152
Baze podataka
SURFXUHPHQWBLG VXSSOLHUBLG ORFDWLRQBLG DUWLFOHBLG TXDQWLW\ name

1 1 2 1 5 'REDYOMDþ
NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL 'REDYOMDþ
.RG 5,*+7 -2,1 PHKDQL]PD ELüH SULND]DQL VYL ]DSLVL L] GHVQH WDEHOH NRMD VH
VSDMDVDOHYRPL]NRMHüHELWLSULND]DQHYUHGQRVWLSROMD]DSLVDVDPRDNRWDNYDYH]D
SRVWRMLGRNüHXVXSURWQRP]DSROMDL]OHYHWDEHOHELWLSULND]DQHYUHGQRVWL18//
)8//287(5-2,1
6 RE]LURP GD0\64/ QHSRGUåDYD )8// 287(5-2,1 PHKDQL]DP SRWUHEQRMH

L]YUãLWLXQLMX/()7L5,*+7-2,1UH]XOWDWDNDNRELVHSRVWLJDRåHOMHQLUH]XOWDWD
Napomena: 0RGHOLED]HSRGDWDNDQDMþHãüHPRJXGDEXGXUHãHQLQDWDMQDþLQGD
ne postoji potreba za FULL OUTER JOIN mehanizmom spajanja. Model baze
SRGDWDND QD NRMHP VH ]DVQLYDMX SULPHUL X RYRM NQML]L QLMH QDSUDYOMHQ WDNR GD PRåH
najjasnije da se demonstrira primer ovog mehanizma spajanja, jer je u njemu
JDUDQWRYDQDVYH]DL]PHÿXWDEHODSRVWRMDQMHP12718//SRVWDYNH]DVWUDQHNOMXþHYH
SELECT
invoice.invoice_id,
shipment.status
FROM invoice
LEFT JOIN shipment ON invoice.invoice_id = shipment.invoice_id
UNION
SELECT
invoice.invoice_id,
shipment.status
FROM invoice
RIGHT JOIN shipment ON invoice.invoice_id = shipment.invoice_id;
153
Baze podataka
1 1 1 1 MT-2008213514-US VHQW
2 1 NULL NULL NULL NULL
3ULPHUNRULãüHQMD-2,1PHKDQL]PD]DVSDMDQMHWDEHODNRMHVXXUHODFLMLDNRMLGDMH
LVWLVHWUH]XOWDWDNDRSRVOHGQMLSULPHUVD:+(5(NODX]XORPXVLWXDFLMLNDGDMHSROMH
VWUDQRJ NOMXþD GHILQLVDQR NDR 127 18// L SRVWRML JDUDQFLMD GD LPD YUHGQRVW MH
LOXVWURYDQQDUHGERPXQDVWDYNX
SELECT feature.*, feature_type.name AS feature_type_name

FROM feature
JOIN feature_type ON feature.feature_type_id = feature_type.feature_type_id;
8JRUHSULND]DQRPXSLWXLVNRULãüHQMH-2,1PHKDQL]DPNRMLMHQDYHGHQRGPDKL]D
LPHQDWDEHOHVDNRMRPVHYUãLVSDMDQMH8RYRPVOXþDMXWRMHWDEHODIHDWXUH2GPDKL]D
LPHQDWDEHOHNRMDVHVDQMRPVSDMDL]DUH]HUYLVDQH UHþL21QDYHGHQMHORJLþNLL]UD]
SRSXWRQRJX:+(5(NODX]XOLL]SUHWKRGQRJSULPHUDNRMLPVHXWYUÿXMHNULWHULMXPSR
NRMHPVHVSDUXMXSROMDL]GYHWDEHOH
8.4.21 6SDMDQMHVHWRYDUH]XOWDWD- UNION
0RJXüH MH VSDMDQMH VHWRYD UH]XOWDWD GYH LOL YLãH QDUHGEL ]D GRSUHPDQMH SRGDWND
NRULãüHQMHPUH]HUYLVDQHUHþL81,213ULOLNRPVSDMDQMDVHWRYDUH]XOWDWDQHRSKRGQRMH
YRGLWLUDþXQDRWRPHGDEURMNRORQDVHWRYDUH]XOWDWDVYLKXSLWDNRMLVHVSDMDMXEXGHLVWL
3ULPHU64/XSLWDVDNRULãüHQMHP81,21PHKDQL]PDMHSULND]DQX SULPHUXFULL
287(5-2,1 XSUHWKRGQRMVHNFLMLRYRJSRJODYOMD
8.4.22 Filtriranje rezultata - :+(5(
2VLP]DSRYH]LYDQMHWDEHODQDYHGHQLKX)520NODX]XOL:+(5(UH]HUYLVDQDUHþ
LPDRVQRYQXSULPHQXGDREH]EHGLPHKDQL]DP]DILOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWDXSLWD
:+(5(VHNRULVWL]DSULPDUQRILOWULUDQMHSULOLNRPGRSUHPDQMDSRGDWDNDXSLWLPD
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]YLãHWDEHODX]ILOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWD
3ULOLNRP VSDMDQMD YLãH WDEHOD NDR X SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUX X] SRWUHEX GD VH L]YUãL
ILOWULUDQMH QD RVQRYX SROMD L] WDEHOH NRMD MH SULGUXåHQD XSLWX VSDMDQMHP -2,1 LOL QD
)520:+(5(QDþLQWRMHPRJXüHL]YUãLWLXSLWRPSULND]DQLPXQDVWDYNX
154
Baze podataka
SELECT
feature.feature_id,
feature.created_at,
feature.name,
feature.feature_type_id
FROM feature
JOIN feature_type ON feature.feature_type_id = feature_type.feature_type_id
WHERE feature_type.name = "Dimenzije";
8 SUHWKRGQR SULND]DQRP XSLWX X VHWX UH]XOWDWD VH YUDüDMX VDPR SRGDFL L] WDEHOH
IHDWXUHDOLVH]DILOWULUDQMHNRULVWLWHNVWQD]LYDYUVWHRVRELQHIHDWXUHBW\SHQDPHNRMLMH
L]ULþLWRGHILQLVDQNDRYUHGQRVW'LPHQ]LMH
7DMSRGDWDNXVHWXUH]XOWDWDQHüHELWLSULND]DQDOLMHNRULãüHQXPHVWR,'EURMDYUVWH
RVRELQHNDGDNRULVQLNXWDMEURMQLMHSR]QDWGRNQD]LYYUVWHRVRELQHMHVWH
feature_id FUHDWHGBDW name IHDWXUHBW\SHBLG

1 2018-03-25 15:34:43 âLULQD 1
2 2018-03-25 15:34:47 9LVLQD 1
3 2018-03-25 15:34:51 'XELQD 1
4 2018-03-25 15:34:54 2ELP 1
'RSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDL]YLãHWDEHODX]ILOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWDVORåHQLPizrazom
.DGDSRVWRMLVORåHQLMLORJLþNLL]UD]QDRVQRYXNRMHJWUHEDGDEXGXILOWULUDQL]DSLVLL]
MHGQH WDEHOH LOL YLãH SRYH]DQLK WDEHOD PRJXüH MH NRULVWLWL ORJLþNH RSHUDWRUH XQXWDU
:+(5(NODX]XOH3ULPHURYDNYRJXSLWDMHGDWXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
feature.*,
feature_type.name AS feature_type_name
FROM feature
WHERE feature_type.name = "Dimenzije" AND LENGTH(feature.name) < 5;
8 SULND]DQRP XSLWX X :+(5( NODX]XOL MH QDSLVDQ ORJLþNL L]UD] NRML MH LVSXQMHQ
VDPR X VLWXDFLML NDGD ]D RGUHÿHQL ]DSLV VHWD UH]XOWDWD YDåL GD MH LPH YUVWH RVRELQH
MHGQDNRWHNVWX'LPHQ]LMHLGDMHGXåLQDLPHQDVDPHRVRELQHPDQMHRGNDUDNWHUD
feature_id FUHDWHGBDW name IHDWXUHBW\SHBLG IHDWXUHBW\SHBQDPH

4 2018-03-25 15:34:54 2ELP 1 'LPHQ]LMH
155
Baze podataka
1HNL RG RSHUDWRUD SRUHÿHQMD NRML VX GRVWXSQL ]D XSRWUHEX X ORJLþNLP L]UD]LPD VX
SULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
2SHUDWRU =QDþHQMH Primer izraza

MHGQDNR IRUHQDPH 0LODQ
! MHGQDNRWROHULãH18// LQGH[ !
LOL! QHMHGQDNR SULFH LOLSULFH!
PDQMH UHVXOW1203
PDQMHLOLMHGQDNR UHVXOW
! YHüH VFRUH!
! YHüHLOLMHGQDNR VFRUH!
IS MHORJLþNDYUHGQRVW LVBYLVLEOH,6758(
IS NOT QLMHORJLþNDYUHGQRVW LVBYLVLEOH,6127758(
IS NULL je NULL DFWLYDWLRQBFRGH,618//
IS NOT NULL QLMH18// DFWLYDWLRQBFRGH,612718//
%(7:((1 XRSVHJX DJH%(7:((1$1'
IN XVSLVNX JHQGHU,1PDOHIHPDOH
NOT IN QLMHXVSLVNX EDQQHGBLG127,1
/,.( MHSRãDEORQX WLWOH/,.(WHVW
127/,.( QLMHSRãDEORQX GHWDLOV127/,.(EDQQHG
5/,.( RGJRYDUDUHJXODUQRPL]UD]X LQGH[5/,.(A>-@^`
1275/,.( QHRGJRYDUDUHJXODUQRPL]UD]X YDOXH1275/,.(A>-@\
2SHUDWRU 5/,.( NRULVWL UHJXODUQH L]UD]H ]D SURYHUX YUHGQRVWL L YUDüD ORJLþNX
YUHGQRVW758(LOL)$/6(2SHUDWRU/,.(NRULVWLSRVHEQHãDEORQVNHL]UD]HGHILQLVDQH
X64/MH]LNXDNDRUH]XOWDWWDNRÿHYUDüDORJLþNXYUHGQRVW758(LOL)$/6(
Operator %(7:((1PRåHGDVHNRULVWLNDNR]DXWYUÿLYDQMHSULSDGDQMDYUHGQRVWL
RSVHJXQXPHULþNLKYUHGQRVWLWDNRL]DYUHGQRVWLYUHPHQVNLKWLSRYDSRGDWDNDNDRãWR
VXGDWXPLYUHPHYUHPHQVNLåLJRYLLWG
3ULOLNRP SLVDQMD VORåHQRJ ORJLþNRJ L]UD]D GR]YROMHQR MH NRULãüHQMH ]DJUDGD ]D
L]ULþLWR RGUHÿLYDQMH SULRULWHWD RSHUDFLMD 7DNRÿH GR]YROMHQR MH NRULãüHQMH ORJLþNLK
RSHUDWRUD$1'25;25L127NRMLLPDMXWDXWRORãND]QDþHQMDORJLþNLKRSHUDWRUDL
LOLHNVNOX]LYQRLOLLQHUHVSHNWLYQR
3ULPHU64/XSLWDVDVORåHQLPORJLþNLPL]UD]RPX:+(5(NODX]XOL
SELECT
payment_id, payment_type_id, amount
FROM
payment
WHERE
(amount < 200 AND payment_type_id = 1) OR
(amount >= 200 AND payment_type_id != 1);
156
Baze podataka
8 SULND]DQRP XSLWX X :+(5( NODX]XOL MH QDSLVDQ ORJLþNL L]UD] NRML MH LVSXQMHQ
VDPRXVLWXDFLMLNDGD]DRGUHÿHQXXSODWXYDåLGDMHL]QRVPDQMLRGLGDMHXSLWDQMX
XSODWD JRWRYLQRP LOL GD MH L]QRV YHüL LOL MHGQDN RG DOL GD MH X SLWDQMX ELOR NRMD
GUXJDYUVWDSODüDQMDRVLPJRWRYLQVNR
SD\PHQWBLG SD\PHQWBW\SHBDW amount

1 1 60
2 4 200
8.4.23 *UXSLVDQMHUH]XOWDWDLIXQNFLMHDJUHJDFLMH- *5283%<
)XQNFLMH DJUHJDFLMH YUDüDMXMHGQX YUHGQRVW QDNRQ REUDGHVHWD YUHGQRVWL 1DMþHãüH

VHNRULVWHXQXWDUNODX]XOD6(/(&7L*5283%<
,]PHÿXRVWDOLK0\64/SRGUåDYDIXQNFLMHDJUHJDFLMHSULND]DQHXQDVWDYNX
)XQNFLMD 2SLVIXQNFLMH
$9* 9UDüDSURVHNREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
MIN 9UDüDQDMPDQMXRGREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
0$; 9UDüDQDMYHüXRGREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
SUM 9UDüDVXPXREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
&2817 9UDüDEURM]DSLVDXYUDüHQRPUH]XOWDWX
&2817',67,1&7 9UDüDEURMMHGLQVWYHQLK]DSLVDXYUDüHQRPUH]XOWDWX
67''(9 9UDüDVWDQGDUGQXGHYLMDFLMXREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
67''(9B6$03 9UDüDX]RUDNVWDQGDUGQHGHYLMDFLMHREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
9$5B323 9UDüDVWDQGDUGQXYDULMDQVXREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
9$5B6$03 9UDüDX]RUDNVWDQGDUGQHYDULMDQVHREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
*5283B&21&$7 9UDüDWHNVWXDOQL]DSLVGRELMHQVSDMDQMHPYUHGQRVWL
%,7B$1' 9UDüDORJLþNRL$1'ELWRYDREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
%,7B2R 9UDüDORJLþNRLOL25ELWRYDREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
%,7B;25 9UDüDHNVNOX]LYQRLOL;25ELWRYDREUDÿHQLKYUHGQRVWL
8QDVWDYNXVXSULND]DQLSULPHUL64/XSLWDVDIXQNFLMDPDDJUHJDFLMH
6XPDHYLGHQWLUDQLKXSODWDJUXSLVDQLKSRUDþXQX
SELECT
invoice_id,
SUM(amount) amount_paid
FROM payment
GROUP BY
invoice_id;
157
Baze podataka
5H]XOWDWQDYHGHQRJXSLWDQDGSRSXQMHQRPED]RPSRGDWDNDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
LQYRLFHBLG DPRXQWBSDLG
1 260.00
2 7780.00
6XPDHYLGHQWLUDQLKXSODWDJUXSLVDQLKSRJRGLQLLPHVHFXXSODWH
S RE]LURPQDWRGDVHXED]LSRGDWDNDXWDEHOLSD\PHQWEHOHåLGDWXPLYUHPHNDR
MHGDQSRGDWDNYUHPHQVNRJWLSDQHRSKRGQRMHL]GYRMLWLLQIRUPDFLMXRJRGLQLLPHVHFX
]DVYDNL]DSLVLWHSRGDWNHNRULVWLWLNDRRVQRY]DJUXSLVDQMHDOLLNDRLQIRUPDFLMHNRMH
se XVHWXUH]XOWDWDGRSUHPDMX
)XQNFLMH]DL]GYDMDQMHLQIRUPDFLMDRSRGDWNXYUHPHQVNRJWLSDVXGDWHXQDVWDYNX
,PHIXQNFLMH 2SLV Primer i rezultat

'$7( 'DWXPL]åLJD '$7(-03- -03-25
7,0( 9UHPHL]åLJD 7,0(-03- 11:22:55
<($5 *RGLQDL]GDWXPD <($5-03-
MONTH 0HVHFL]GDWXPD 0217+-03-
'$< 'DQL]GDWXP '$<-03-
0217+1$0( ,PHPHVHFDL]GDWXPD 0217+1$0(-03- 0DUFK
:((.'$< 'DQXQHGHOMLGDWXPD :((.'$<-03- QHGHOMD
'$<1$0( ,PHGDQDL]GDWXP '$<1$0(-03- 6XQGD\
'$<2)<($5 'DQXJRGLQLGDWXPD '$<2)<($5-03-
:((.2)<($5 1HGHOMDJRGLQHGDWXPD :((.2)<($5-03-
HOUR 6DWL]YUHPHQD +285
0,187( 0LQXWL]YUHPHQD 0,187(
6(&21' 6HNXQGL]YUHPHQD 6(&21'
SELECT
YEAR(created_at) AS year,
MONTH(created_at) AS month,
SUM(amount) amount_paid
FROM payment
GROUP BY year, month;
5H]XOWDWQDYHGHQRJXSLWDQDGSRSXQMHQRPED]RPSRGDWDND MHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
\HDU PRQWK DPRXQWBSDLG

2018 3 2205.00
2018 4 1945.00
2018 5 1945.00
2018 6 1945.00
158
Baze podataka
1DMPDQMLQDMYHüLLXNXSDQL]QRVXSODWDJUXSLVDQSRQDþLQXSODüDQMD
SELECT
payment_type.name payment_type_name,
MIN(payment.amount) AS minimum_amount,
MAX(payment.amount) AS maximum_amount,
SUM(payment.amount) AS total_amount
FROM
payment
JOIN
payment_type
ON payment.payment_type_id = payment_type.payment_type_id
GROUP BY
payment.payment_type_id;
5H]XOWDWQDYHGHQRJXSLWD QDGSRSXQMHQRPED]RPSRGDWDNDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
SD\PHQWBW\SHBQDPH minimum_amount maximum_amount total_amount

*RWRYLQVNRSODüDQMH 60 1945 7840.00
.XSRYLQDSUHNRYDXþHUD 200 200 200.00
Napomena: Funkcije agregacije mogu da vrate NULL kao svoj rezultat. U takvim
situacijama, ukoliko je ipak potrebno da rezultat umesto NULL bude neka druga,
SRGUD]XPHYDQD YUHGQRVW PRJXüH MH NRULãüHQMH IXQNFLMH ,)18// NRMD REH]EHÿXMH
QDþLQGDVHXPHVWRYUHGQRVWL18//GRSUHPLYUHGQRVWNRMDMHL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQDLOLNRMD
je rezultat nekog izraza.
3ULND]DWL]DVYHDUWLNOHEURMQDEDYOMHQLKSULPHUDNDXHYLGHQFLML
SELECT
article.article_id,
article.name,
IFNULL( SUM(procurement.quantity), 0 ) AS quantity_procured
FROM
article
LEFT JOIN
procurement
ON article.article_id = procurement.article_id
GROUP BY
article.article_id;
8SULND]DQRPSULPHUXXVLWXDFLMDPDNDGDQHPDHYLGHQWLUDQLKQDEDYNLYUHGQRVWX
NRORQL TXDQWLW\BSURFXUHG üH XPHVWR 18// ELWL NDR ãWR MH GHILQLVDQR GUXJLP
DUJXPHQWRPIXQNFLMH,618//3UHGQRVWRYRJSULPHUDMHRþLJOHGQDWHNNDGDVHGRGD
MRãMHGDQDUWLNDOXWDEHOXDUWLFOH]DNRMLVHQHHYLGHQWLUDQLMHGQDQDEDYNDQLWLSURGDMD
159
Baze podataka
8.4.24 'UXJLVWHSHQILOWULUDQMD- +$9,1*
+$9,1*NODX]XODLPDSULPHQXNDGDMHSRWUHEQRGDVHL]YUãLQDNQDGQRILOWULUDQMH
UH]XOWDWD XSLWD QDNRQ REDYOMHQRJ JUXSLVDQMD NRULãüHQMHP *5283 %< PHKDQL]PD
+$9,1*NODX]XODVHSRQDãDNDR:+(5(VWLPGDPRåHGDVHRGQRVLLQDNRORQHL]
VHW UH]XOWDWD QDNRQ *5283 %< D QH VDPR QD RULJLQDOQH YUHGQRVWL L] WDEHOk QDG
NRMLPD VH XSLW YUãL 'RGDYDQMHP MHGQRJ +$9,1* XVORYD X QDVWDYNX SRVOHGQMHJ
SULPHUDNRMLMHREUDÿHQ]D*5283%<NODX]XOXQDVWDMHXSLWNDRXSURGXåHWNX
1DMPDQMLQDMYHüLLXNXSDQL]QRVXSODWDJUXSLVDQSRQDþLQXSODüDQMDJGHMH
najmDQMLL]QRVXSODWHYHüLRGGLQDUD
SELECT
payment_type.name payment_type_name,
MIN(payment.amount) AS minimum_amount,
MAX(payment.amount) AS maximum_amount,
SUM(payment.amount) AS total_amount
FROM payment
JOIN payment_type ON payment.payment_type_id = payment_type.payment_type_id

Ŝɏɏ
HAVING minimum_amount > 100;
SD\PHQWBW\SHBQDPH minimum_amount maximum_amount total_amount

.XSRYLQDSUHNRYDXþHUD 200 200 200.00
8 RGQRVX QD SUYRELWQL SULPHU X NRMHP MH VHW UH]XOWDWD LPDR GYD UHGD X RYRP
SULPHUXMH]DGUåDQVDPRMHGDQUHGUH]XOWDWDLWRRQDMXNRMHPMHYUHGQRVW]DPLQLPDOQL
XSODüHQLL]QRVYHüDRGYUHGQRVWL
8NXSDQ EURMD SURGDMD L XNXSQR SURGDWLK DUWLNDOD JUXSLVDQR SR DUWLNOX ]D
RQHDUWLNOHNRMLKMHSURGDWRYLãHRG
SELECT
invoice_article.article_id,
article.name,
COUNT(invoice_article.article_id) AS number_of_sales,
SUM(invoice_article.quantity) AS number_of_items_sold
FROM invoice_article
JOIN article ON article.article_id = invoice_article.article_id

ɏŜɏ

number_of_items_sold > 5;
arWLFOHBLG name QXPEHUBRIBVDOHV QXPEHUBRIBLWHPVBVROG

1 ýDãD- PRGHO7 2 8.00
160
Baze podataka
8.4.25 0HKDQL]DPVRUWLUDQMDUH]XOWDWD- 25'(5%<
.ODX]XOD 25'(5 %< VH NRULVWL GD VH UH]XOWDW XSLWD VRUWLUD X SRUHGDN GHILQLVDQ
MHGQLPLOLVDYLãHSUDYLOD25'(5%<VHNRULVWLX6(/(&7XSLWLPDQDYRÿHQMHPVHWD
NRORQD LOL L]UD]D QD RVQRYX NRMLK MH SRWUHEQR REDYLWL VRUWLUDQMH V WLP GD MH PRJXüH
LVWDüL GD OL GD VRUWLUDQMH EXGH X UDVWXüHP LOL RSDGDMXüHP SRUHWNX .DGD SRUHGDN
VRUWLUDQMD QLMH L]ULþLWR QDYHGHQ SRGUD]XPHYD VH GD EXGH UDVWXüL 2]QDNH ]D UDVWXüL L
RSDGDMXüLSRUHGDNVX$6&L'(6&UHVSHNWLYQR
,]YRGL]VYHGHQHVLQWDNVH6(/(&7QDUHGEHNRMLVHRGQRVHQD25'(5%<MH
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr} [ASC | DESC], ...]
8QDVWDYNXVXSULPHULNRULãüHQMD25'(5%<PHKDQL]PD]DVRUWLUDQMHUH]XOWata.
6SLVDN DUWLNDOD L WHNVWXDOQL ]DSLV OLVWH NDWHJRULMD NRMRM DUWLNDO SULSDGD

SRUHÿDQLKSREURMXNDWHJRULMDNRMLPDDUWLNDOSULSDGDXRSDGDMXüHPSRUHWNX
SELECT
article.name,

ɏſŜɑřɑƀ
FROM
article_category
JOIN article
ON article.article_id = article_category.article_id
JOIN category
ON category.category_id = article_category.category_id

article_category.article_id
ORDER BY
COUNT(article_category.article_id) DESC;
name FDWHJRULHV
2JOHGDORVDVYHWORP0 2VYHWOMHQMH =D NXüX L EDãWX =D GQHYQL
boravak
ýDãD- PRGHO7 =DNXKLQMXLWUSH]DULMXýDãH
0DVND]D+XDZHL3 =DWHOHIRQH
864/XSLWXNRMLMHSUHWKRGQRSULND]DQNRULãüHQDMHIXQNFLMD*5283B&21&$7
]DJUXSLVDQMHYUHGQRVWLXWHNVWXDOQLREOLNUD]GYDMDQMHPGHILQLVDQLPUD]GHOQLNRP
8LVWRPXSLWXIXQNFLMDDJUHJDFLMH&2817MHNRULãüHQDX25'(5%<NODX]XOLNDR
SRGDWDNQDRVQRYXNRMHJMHSRWUHEQRREDYLWLVRUWLUDQMHX]LVWLFDQMHGDMHSRWUHEQRGD
VHNRULVWLRSDGDMXüLSRUHGDN'(6&
161
Baze podataka
6SLVDNYUVWDRVRELQDLRVRELQDVRUWLUDQLKSRLPHQXYUVWHSDSRLPHQXRVRELQH
SELECT
feature_type.name AS type,
feature.name as name
FROM
feature
ORDER BY
feature_type.name,
feature.name
8SUHWKRGQRSULND]DQRP64/XSLWXX25'(5%<NODX]XOLVXQDYHGHQDGYDSROMD
QD RVQRYX NRMLK VH YUãL VRUWLUDQMH 3RUHGDN MH SRGUD]XPHYDQR UDVWXüL 3UYR VH YUši
VRUWLUDQMH UHGRYD SR YUHGQRVWL SUYRJ QDYHGHQRJ SROMD D ]DWLP SR YUHGQRVWL GUXJRJ
QDYHGHQRJSROMD6RUWLUDQMHVHOHNVLNRJUDIVNRSUHPDHQJOHVNRPDOIDEHWX
8.4.26 2JUDQLþDYDQMHHWDUH]XOWDWD- /,0,7
.ODX]XOD /,0,7 VH NRULVWL NDGD SRVWRML SRWUHED GD L] VHWDUH]XOWDWD EXGX ]DGUåDQL
VDPRRGUHÿHQLUHGRYL7RMHPRJXüHREDYLWLQDGYDQDþLQDSULPHQRPMHGQRJRGGYD
PRGDPHKDQL]PD]DLVHFDQMHVHWDUH]XOWDWD7LPHKDQL]PLVX
/,0,7VDRIVHWRPLRJUDQLþHQMHPL
/,0,7VDRJUDQLþHQMHPEH]RIVHWD
3ULPHUXSLWDEH]RJUDQLþDYDQMDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
transfer_id,
from__location_id,
to__location_id,
article_id,
quantity
FROM transfer;
transfer_id IURPBBORFDWLRQBLG WRBBORFDWLRQBLG aUWLFOHBLG TXDQWLW\
1 2 3 1 4
2 1 2 1 2
3 2 3 2 1
4 2 1 2 1
5 3 1 3 2
162
Baze podataka
/,0,7VD RIVHWRPLRJUDQLþHQMHP MH PRG /,0,7PHKDQL]PD NRML SRGUD]XPHYD

GHILQLVDQMHGYDDUJXPHQWDX/,0,7NODX]XOL3UYLDUJXPHQWMHSR]LFLMDUHGDRGNRMHJ
WUHEDLVHüLVHWUH]XOWDWDDGUXJLMHEURMUHGRYDNRMHWUHED]DGUåDWLRGSR]LFLMHRIVHWD
SELECT
transfer_id,
from__location_id,
to__location_id,
article_id,
quantity
FROM transfer
LIMIT
1, 3;
transfer_id IURPBBORFDWLRQBLG WRBBORFDWLRQBLG DUWLFOHBLG TXDQWLW\

2 1 2 1 2
3 2 3 2 1
4 2 1 2 1
/,0,7VDRJUDQLþHQMHPEH]RIVHWD MHPRG/,0,7PHKDQL]PDNRMLSRGUD]XPHYD
GHILQLVDQMHMHGQRJDUJXPHQWDX/,0,7NODX]XOLNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDEURMUHGRYDNRMHWUHED
]DGUåDWL RG SRþHWND VHWD UH]XOWDWD 2YDM PRG VH SRQDãD LVWR NDR PRG VD RIVHWRP L
RJUDQLþHQMHPJGHMHRIVHWSRVWDYOMHQQDYUHGQRVW
SELECT
transfer_id,
from__location_id,
to__location_id,
article_id,
quantity
FROM
transfer
LIMIT
3;
transfer_id IURPBBORFDWLRQBLG WRBBORFDWLRQBLG DUWLFOHBLG TXDQWLW\

1 2 3 1 4
2 1 2 1 2
3 2 3 2 1
163
Baze podataka
8.4.27 8JQMHåGHQLXSLWL
64/ MH]LN SRGUåDYD SLVDQMH XJQMHåGHQLK XSLWD 8JQMHåGHQL XSLWL VH NRULVWH NDGD
SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH QD PHVWX QHNRJ SROMD L]UD]D LOL YUHGQRVWL GRSUHPL podatak ili
LQIRUPDFLMDGRNRMHVHGROD]LSRVHEQLPXSLWRP8JQMHåGHQHXSLWHMHPRJXüHNRULVWLWLX
VYLPNODX]XODPD64/QDUHGELQSUX6(/(&7NODX]XOL:+(5(NODX]XOLLWG
6SLVDNDUWLNDODVDSULND]DQRPDåXUQRPQDMQRYLMRPFHQRPDUWLNOD
SELECT
article.article_id,
article.name,
(
SELECT
article_price.price
FROM
article_price
WHERE
article_price.article_id = article.article_id
ORDER BY
article_price.created_at DESC
LIMIT 1
) AS the_latest_price
FROM
article;
DUWLFOHBLG name WKHBODWHVWBSULFH

1 ýDãD- PRGHO7 130
2 0DVND]D+XDZHL3 250
3 2JOHGDORVDVYHWORP0 6750
864/XSLWXNRMLMHSUHWKRGQRSULND]DQX6(/(&7NODX]XOLVXYUHGQRVWL]DWUHüX
NRORQX VHWD UH]XOWDWD LPHQRYDQX DOLMDVRP WKHBODWHVWBSULFH GRELMHQD L]YUãDYDQMHP
XJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDSULND]DQRPXQDVWDYNX
SELECT article_price.price
FROM
article_price
WHERE
article_price.article_id = article.article_id
ORDER BY
article_price.created_at DESC
LIMIT 1
8QXWDURYRJXJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDQDOD]LVHUHIHUHQFDNDWDEHOLDUWLFOHLQMHQRPSROMX
DUWLFOHBLGþLMDXSRWUHEDQLMHGHNODULVDQDXQXWDUWRJXSLWDYHüL]YDQXJQMHåGHQRJXSLWD
164
Baze podataka
.DGD VH XJQMHåGHQL XSLW NRULVWL ]D GRSUHPDQMH MHGQH YUHGQRVWL ]D MHGQR SROMH X
MHGQRP UHGX VHWD UH]XOWDWD QHRSKRGQR MH YRGLWL UDþXQD GD GLPHQ]LMH VHWD UH]XOWDWD
XJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDEXGX[WMGDVHWUH]XOWDWDLPDVDPRMHGQXNRORQXLMHGDQUHG
'D VHW UH]XOWDWD XJQMHåGHQRJ XSLWD LPD VDPR MHGQX NRORQX PRåH GD VH RVLJXUD
L]ULþLWLPGHILQLVDQMHPVDPRMHGQRJSROMDX6(/(&7NODX]XOLXSLWDDGDVHWUH]XOWDWD
LPDVDPRMHGDQUHGPRåHGDVHRVLJXUDNRULãüHQMHP/,0,7NODX]XOHVDSURSLVLYDQMHP
GDMHQHRSKRGQR]DGUåDWLVDPR]DSLVXVHWXWMVDPRMHGDQUHG
8.4.28 5DGVDSRJOHGLPD- 9,(:
3ULOLNRP PRGHORYDQMD UHODFLRQH ED]H SRGDWDND ]ERJ UD]QLK QLYRD QRUPDOL]DFLMH

þHVWRQDVWDMHSRWUHEDGDVHXXSLWLPDVSDMDYHüLEURMWDEHODNDNRELELOLGRSUHPOMHQLVYL
SRWUHEQL SRGDFL NRML RSLVXMX RGUHÿHQL HQWLWHW 3RJOHGL PRJX X VYRMRM GHILQLFLML GD
SR]LYDMXGUXJHSRJOHGHNDRL]YRUHSRGDWDND
1D SULPHU DNR MH SRWUHEQR GD VH GRSUHPL VSLVDN VYLK HYLGHQWLUDQLK QDEDYNL VD
SULND]RPLPHQDGREDYOMDþDORNDFLMHQDEDYNHLLPHQDDUWLNDODQHRSKRGQRMHVSRMLWLWUL
GRGDWQHWDEHOHVDWDEHORPQDEDYNLNDNRELVYHQDYHGHQHLQIRUPDFLMHELOHGRSUHPOMHQH
$NR SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH X UD]QLP GUXJLP XSLWLPD NRULVWH RYL SRYH]DQL SRGDFL
XPHVWRGDVHVYDNLSXWSLãHXSLWNRMLVSDMDþHWLULWDEHOHSRUHGRQLKNRMHVX]DWDMXSLW
VSHFLILþQH PRJXüH MH GD VH QDSUDYL SRJOHG NRMLP üH VYH LQIRUPDFLMH ELWL GRVWXSQH
GUXJLPXSLWLPDNUR]SR]LYMHGQRJHQWLWHWDRGQRVQRSRJOHGDQDRULJLQDOQLXSLW
=DSRWUHEHREMDãQMHQDWUHEDUD]PRWULWLXSLWSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
p.procurement_id,
p.created_at AS procurement_created_at,
p.quantity,
p.transaction_number,
l.location_id,
l.name AS location_name,
s.supplier_id,
s.name AS supplier_name,
s.email AS supplier_email,
s.address AS supplier_address,
s.phone AS supplier_phone,
s.is_active AS supplier_is_active,
a.article_id,
a.name AS article_name,
a.excerpt AS article_excerpt,
a.details AS article_details
FROM
procurement AS p
JOIN location AS l ON l.location_id = p.location_id
JOIN supplier AS s ON s.supplier_id = p.supplier_id
JOIN article AS a ON a.article_id = p.article_id;
165
Baze podataka
3ULND]DQL XSLW YUDüD VSLVDN VYLK QDEDYNL VD SULGUXåHQLP GRGDWQLP LQIRUPDFLMDPD
GRSUHPOMHQLPL]SRYH]DQLKWDEHOD2GUHÿHQHNRORQHUH]XOWDWDVXLPHQRYDQHDOLMDVLPD
]ERJODNãHJXWYUÿLYDQMDQDNRMLSRGDWDNVHNRORQDRGQRVL
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHQDSUDYLSRJOHGLVSUHGXSLWDVHGRGDMHGHRQDUHGEH
ɏ ...
,PH SRJOHGD WUHED GD SRãWXMH NRQYHQFLMX LPHQRYDQMD NRMH VH SULGUåDYDQR NRMD
QDODåHGD VHLPHQXSRJOHGDGRGDMHSUHILNVYLHZBB
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHREULãHSRJOHGNRULVWLVHVOHGHüDQDUHGED
ɏŚ
3ULPHULQDUHGEL]DSUDYOMHQMHSRJOHGDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
1DSUDYLWLSRJOHGNRMLSUXåDSUHJOHGGHWDOMDVYLKQDEDYNL
CREATE VIEW view__procurement_details AS

SELECT
p.procurement_id,
p.created_at AS procurement_created_at,
p.quantity,
p.transaction_number,
l.location_id,
l.name AS location_name,
s.supplier_id,
s.name AS supplier_name,
s.email AS supplier_email,
s.address AS supplier_address,
s.phone AS supplier_phone,
s.is_active AS supplier_is_active,
a.article_id,
a.name AS article_name,
a.excerpt AS article_excerpt,
a.details AS article_details
FROM procurement AS p
JOIN location AS l ON l.location_id = p.location_id
JOIN supplier AS s ON s.supplier_id = p.supplier_id
JOIN article AS a ON a.article_id = p.article_id;
1DNRQãWRMHQDSUDYOMHQSRJOHGQDRYDMQDþLQQMHJDMHPRJXüHNRULVWLWLNDRLELOR
NRMLGUXJXWDEHOXXED]LSRGDWDNDXXSLWLPD]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDND3ULOLNRPL]PHQH
YUHGQRVWLXWDEHODPDNRMHVXNRULãüHQHXXSLWXRGNRMHJMHQDSUDYOMHQSRJOHGSRGDFL
GRELMHQXXSLWRPQDGWLPSRJOHGRPüHXYHNELWLDåXUQLPRJOHGLQHVDGUåHSRGDWNHNRML
VX ELOL GRVWXSQL X WDEHODPD X RQRP WUHQXWNX NDGD MH SRJOHG QDSUDYOMHQ YHü VDGUåH
GHILQLFLMX XSLWD NRML VH SRNUHüH VYDNL SXW NDGD VH ]DKWHYD GRSUHPDQMH SRGDWDND
SRJOHGRP3RJOHGHWUHEDNRULVWLWLRSUH]QRMHUPRJXL]D]YDWLORãHSHUIRUPDQVHXSLWD
166
Baze podataka
1DSUDYLWLSRJOHGNRMLSULND]XMHXNXSDQEURMQDEDYNL]DVYHDUWLNOH
CREATE VIEW view__article_procurements AS

SELECT
article.article_id,
article.name,
IFNULL(SUM(procurement.quantity), 0) AS quantity_procured
FROM article
LEFT JOIN
procurement ON article.article_id = procurement.article_id

article.article_id;
1DSUDYLWLSRJOHGNRMLSULND]XMHXNXSDQEURMSURGDMD]DVYHDUWLNOH
CREATE VIEW view__article_sales AS

SELECT
article.article_id,
article.name,
IFNULL(SUM(invoice_article.quantity), 0) AS quantity_sold
FROM article
LEFT JOIN
invoice_article ON article.article_id = invoice_article.article_id

article.article_id;
1DSUDYLWL SRJOHG NRML SULND]XMH XNXSDQ EURM QDEDYNL SURGDMD NDR L EURM
DUWLNDODQDVWDQMX]DVYHDUWLNOHNRULãüHQMHPUHIHUHQFLNDSRVWRMHüLPSRJOHGLPD
CREATE VIEW view__article_stock AS

SELECT
p.article_id,
p.name,
p.quantity_procured,
s.quantity_sold,
p.quantity_procured - s.quantity_sold AS quantity_on_stock
FROM
view__article_procurements AS p
JOIN view__article_sales AS s
ON s.article_id = p.article_id;
3ULPHULNRULãüHQMDSRJOHGDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
'RSUHPLWL VYH LQIRUPDFLMH R QDEDYNDPD DUWLNDOD RG GREDYOMDþD NRML X VYRMRM

DGUHVLVDGUåHVORYRRLXEURMXWUDQVDNFLMHQL]FLIUD
SELECT *
FROM
view__procurement_details
WHERE
supplier_address LIKE '%o%' AND
transaction_number LIKE '%318%';
167
Baze podataka
8.4.29 64/QDUHGED]DL]PHQXSRGDWDND- UPDATE
1DUHGED ]D L]PHQX SRGDWDND VH NRULVWL NDGD SRVWRML SRWUHED GD VH SURPHQH
YUHGQRVWLSROMDMHGQRJLOLYLãH]DSLVDXWDEHOLED]HSRGDWDND-HGQRPQDUHGERPPRåH
GDVHXWLþHQDVWDQMHYLãHRGMHGQRJ]DSLVDXWDEHOL
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DL]PHQXSRGDWDNDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYɤX
ƃ
Ƅɏ
SET col_name = {expr | DEFAULT} [, col_name = {expr | DEFAULT}] ...
[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count];
.DGDX:+(5( NODX]XOLQLMHQDYHGHQXVORY]DILOWULUDQMH]DSLVDXNRMLPDWUHEDGD
VHL]YUãHQDYHGHQHL]PHQHYUHGQRVWLSROMDSRGUD]XPHYDVHGDL]PHQHQDVWDQXXVYLP
]DSLVLPDXWDEHOL 3UHPDWRPHYHRPDMHYDåQRSDåOMLYRNRULVWLWL83'$7(QDUHGEXMHU
XVLWXDFLMDPDNDGDQLMHQDSUDYOMHQDUH]HUYQDNRSLMDL] NRMHSRGDFLPRJXGDVH YUDWH
SRVWRMLPRJXüQRVWWUDMQRJXQLãWDYDQMDVDGUåDMDSROMDWDEHOHXVOXþDMXL]YUãDYDQMDXSLWD
EH]ILOWHUDLOLXVOXþDMXSLVDQMDSRJUHãQRJXVORYDX:+(5(NODX]XOL
8QXWDU :+(5( NODX]XOH PRåH GD VH NRULVWL L XJQMHåGHQL XSLW ]D GRSUHPDQMH
SRGDWDND SRWUHEQLK ]D SUHFL]QLMH LGHQWLILNRYDQMH ]DSLVD QDG NRMLPD WUHED GD EXGH
SULPHQMHQSURFHVSURPHQHYUHGQRVWLSROMD]DSLVDWabele.
25'(5 %< NODX]XORP VH PRåH GHILQLVDWL UHGRVOHG SR NRMHP WUHED GD XVOHGL
SUDYOMHQMH L]PHQD YUHGQRVWL SROMD ]DSLVD LGHQWLILNRYDQLK ]D L]PHQX 8 RGUHÿHQLP
VLWXDFLMDPDNDGDMHYUHGQRVWNRMDVHGRGHOMXMHSROMLPDGRELMHQDNDRUH]XOWDWL]UD]DNRG
NRMHJ MH UHGRVOHG SR]LYDQMD YDåDQ 25'(5 %< NODX]XORP PRåH GD VH REH]EHGL
VRUWLUDQMH]DSLVDXDGHNYDWDQSRUHGDNSUHSULPHQMLYDQMDL]PHQH
/,0,7 NODX]XODVHXQDUHGEL83'$(NRULVWLNDGDMHSRWUHEQRRJUDQLþLWLL]PHQXQD
RGUHÿHQLEURM]DSLVDEH]RE]LUDQDWRãWRILOWULUDQMHP:+(5(NODX]XORPLOLEH]QMH
SRVWRMLYHüLEURM]DSLVDQDGNRMLPDELLQDþHELODSULPHQMHQDL]PHQDYUHGQRVWLSROMD
8NROLNRSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVH]DYUHGQRVWQHNRJSROMDSRVWDYLRQDNRMDMHGHILQLVDQD
NDRSRGUD]XPHYDQDSULOLNRPSUDYOMHQMDWDEHOH PRJXüHMHQDPHVWRL]ULþLWRQDYHGHQH
YUHGQRVWLXSLVDWLUH]HUYLVDQXUHþ'()$8/7
8NROLNR SROMH QHPD GHILQLVDQX SRGUD]XPHYDQX YUHGQRVW YUHGQRVW üH ELWL

SRVWDYOMHQDQD18//XNROLNRQLMHSROMHGHILQLVDQRNDR12718//$NRSROMHMHVWH
GHILQLVDQRNDR12718// ELüHSRVWDYOMHQDSRGUD]XPHYDQDLQLFLMDOQDYUHGQRVW]DWRS
SRGDWNDWRJSROMDQSUSUD]DQVWULQJ]DWHNVWXDOQLWLS]DQXPHULþNLLWG
3ULPHULNRULãüHQMDQDUHGEH]DL]PHQXSRGDWDNDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
168
Baze podataka
2EHOHåLWLVWDWXVRPSRãLOMNX07-2008213514-US kao SRVODWX
UPDATE shipment
SET status = 'sent'
WHERE shipping_code = 'MT-ɩɥɥɯɩɨɪɬɨɫ-US';
8SULND]DQRM64/QDUHGELL]ULþLWRMHQDYHGHQRX6(7NODX]XOLGDVHYUHGQRVWVHQW
XSLãH X SROMH VWDWXV ]D VYH RQH ]DSLVH WDEHOH VKLSPHQW JGH MH YUHGQRVW SROMD
VKLSSLQJBFRGHMHGQDND07-2008213514-US".
6RE]LURPGDMHVKLSSLQJBFRGHSROMHREHOHåHQRLQGHNVRPNRMLJDUDQWXMHMHGLQVWYHQX
YUHGQRVW QLMH SRWUHEQR NRULãüHQMH /,0,7 NODX]XOHMHU 81,48( LQGHNV JDUDQWXMH GD
SRVWRMLQDMYLãHMHGQRSROMHNRMHRGJRYDUD]DGDWRPNULWHULMXPXILOWULUDQMD
,]GYDMDQMHPVDPRXJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDRVWDMH64/XSLWXQDVWDYNX
SELECT
article_id
FROM
invoice_article

article_id

ſɏƀʳɩ
5H]XOWDWL]YUãDYDQMDVDPRL]GYRMHQRJXJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
DUWLFOHBLG
2
3
3ULND]DQLSULPHUMHDQDORJDQVOHGHüRM64/QDUHGELXVLWXDFLMLNRMDMHRSLVDQD
UPDATE
article
SET
details = CONCAT(details, " ** NIJE POPULARNO **")
WHERE
ɏſɩřɪƀŚ
1DPHVWX]DJUDGDL]DRSHUDWRUD,1XXVORYX:+(5(NODX]XOHPRåHVHVPDWUDWLGD
VXXSLVDQHYUHGQRVWLL]MHGLQHNRORQHVYLKUHGRYDVHWDUH]XOWDWDXJQMHåGHQRJXSLWDWM
YUHGQRVWLLXNRQNUHWQRPSULPHUX
169
Baze podataka
8.4.30 64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHSRGDWDND- DELETE
1DUHGEX]DEULVDQMHSRGDWDNDVHNRULVWLNDGDSRVWRMLSRWUHEDGDVHREULãHMHGDQLOL
YLãH]DSLVDXWDEHOL-HGQRPQDUHGERPPRåHGDVHREULãHYLãHRGMHGQRJ]DSLVD
64/QDUHGED]DEULVDQMHSRGDWDNDSRGUåDYDGYDPRGD
%ULVDQMHL]MHGQHWDEHOHL
%ULVDQMHL]YLãHWDEHOD
3ULOLNRP EULVDQMD L] MHGQH WDEHOH EULãX VYH VYL ]DSLVL WH WDEHOH NRML RGJRYDUDMX
RGUHÿHQRP XVORYX X :+(5( NODX]XOL DNR MH GHILQLVDQD LOL VYL ]DSLVL DNR QLMH
GHILQLVDQ XVORY =D EULVDQMH PRåH GD VH RGUHGL UHGRVOHG NRULãüHQMHP 25'(5 %<
NODX]XOHNDRLGDVHRJUDQLþLNROLNR]DSLVDREULVDWL NRULãüHQMHP/,0,7NODX]XOH
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DEULVDQMHL]MHGQHWDEHOH MHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYQX
ƃ
Ƅ ɏ
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]
3ULOLNRP EULVDQMDL] YLãH WDEHODEULãXVH VYL ]DSLVL L] YLãH WDEHOD NRML VX XSDUHQL
XVORYRPL]:+(5(NODX]XOH
.RG EULVDQMD L] YLãH WDEHOD QLMH SRGUåDQR VRUWLUDQMH WM RGUHÿLYDQMH UHGRVOHGD ]D
EULVDQMHNDRQLRJUDQLþDYDQMHEURMD]DSLVDNRMLVHEULãX
3RGUåDQHVXGYHYDULMDQWHQDUHGEH]DEULVDQMDL]YLãHWDEHla:
%ULVDQMH]DSLVDL]WDEHODQDYHGHQLKSUH)520NODX]XOHL
%ULVDQMH]DSLVDL]WDEHODQDYHGHQLKX)520NODX]XOL
6YHGHQD VLQWDNVD QDUHGEH ]D EULVDQMH ]DSLVD L] YLãH WDEHOD QDYHGHQLK SUH )520
NODX]XOHMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
ƃ
Ƅɏƃřable_name] ...
FROM table_references
6YHGHQD VLQWDNVD QDUHGEH ]D EULVDQMH ]DSLVD L] YLãH WDEHOD QDYHGHQLK X )520
NODX]XOLMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
ƃ
Ƅ
FROM table_name [, table_name] ...

ɏ
170
Baze podataka
Napomena: =ERJ RþXYDQMD LQWHJULWHWD SRGDWDND SUHSRUXþXMH VH GD VH SRGDFL L]
ED]H SRGDWDND QLNDGD QH EULãX 8PHVWR WRJD SUHSRUXþOMLYR MH GD VH X PRGHOX ED]H
SRGDWDNDXVYHWDEHOHGRGDORJLþNRSROMHLVBGHOHWHGVDSRGUD]XPHYDQRPYUHGQRãüX
ili vremensko polje deleted_at koje je podrazumevano NULL. Brisanje vrednosti bi bilo
VLPXOLUDQR SRVWDYOMDQMHP YUHGQRVWL ]D RYD GYD SROMD QD LOL QD GDWXP EULVDQMD
respektivno. U takvim situacijama, potrebno je da se u svim upitima koji koriste tabele
uvek vrši filtriranje zapisDSRLQGHNVLUDQRPSROMXNRMHVOXåLNDRLQGLNDWRUGDOLMH]DSLV
obrisan ili ne, kako bi se postigao isti rezultat kao da je zapis zaista uklonjen iz baze, s
WLP GD VH QD RYDM QDþLQ JDUDQWXMH LQWHJULWHW SRGDWDND L XYHN SRVWRML PRJXüQRVW GD
administrativni kRULVQLN VD QDMYLãLP QLYRRP SULYLOHJLMD QDG VLVWHPRP XYHN PRåH GD
stekne uvid u istorijske vrednosti koje regularnim korisnicima sistema nisu dostupne.
Prilikom implementacije ovog mehanizma treba imati na umu eventualnu zakonsku
regulativu koja zabranjuje WUDMQRþXYDQMHSRGDWDNDLGDYDQMHODåQLKLVND]DRQMLKRYRP
XNODQMDQMX8WDNYLPVLWXDFLMDPDWUHEDSURSLVDWLDGHNYDWDQQDþLQQDNRMLMHPRJXüH
]DPHQLWLRVHWOMLYHSRGDWNHRNRULVQLFLPDNRULãüHQMHP83'$7(QDUHGEHNDNRELYH]D
VD IL]LþNLP LOL SUDYQLP OLFLPD ELOD WUDMQR UDVNLQXWD EH] GDOMHJ XJURåDYDQMD QMLKRYLP
SUDYDDOLLEH]ãWHWQRJXWLFDMDQDRþXYDQMHLQWHJULWHWDSRGDWDND
3ULPHULNRULãüHQMDQDUHGEH]DEULVDQMHSRGDWDNDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
2EULVDWLVYHSUHQRVHUREHNRGNRMLKMHNROLþLQDELODPDQMDRG 2
DELETE FROM
transfer
WHERE
ʳɩŚ
2EULVDWLVYHSUHQRVHUREHNRMDSULSDGDNDWHJRULMLNRMDVDGUåLXLPHQXWHOHIRQ
DELETE transfer
FROM transfer, article
JOIN article_category ON article_category.article_id = article.article_id
JOIN category ON category.category_id = article_category.category_id
WHERE
transfer.article_id = article.article_id AND
category.name LIKE '%telefon%';
8SULND]DQRM64/QDUHGELNRULãüHQMHSULVWXSJGHVHX)520NODX]XOLQDYRGLYLãH
WDEHODNRMHVXSUYHQVWYHQRNRULãüHQHX:+(5(NODX]XOL]DSUHFL]QRILOWULUDQMH]DSLVD
NRMH WUHED REULVDWL DOL VX REULVDQL VDPR ]DSLVL L] WDEHOH NRMDMH QDYHGHQD SUH )520
NODX]XOH8RYRPVOXþDMXREULVDQLVX]DSLVLL]WDEHOHWUDQVIHUDOLQHLL]WDEHOHDUWLFOH
MHURQDQLMHQDYHGHQDNDRWDEHODL]NRMHMHSRWUHEQRGD]DSLVLEXGXREULVDQL
171
Baze podataka
8.4.31 5DGVDSURPHQOMLYDPD
64/MH]LNSRGUåDYDGLQDPLþNXDORNDFLMXPHPRULMH]DSULYUHPHQHYUHGQRVWLNRMHMH
PRJXüHþXYDWLXVHVLMLSRGNRMRPVHL]YUãDYDXSLWXYLGXSURPHQOMLYLK
3URPHQOMLYHMHPRJXüHQDSUDYLWLQD GYDQDþLQD
,]ULþLWR64/QDUHGERPLOL
8QDUHGEL]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDND
,PH SURPHQOMLYH VH X RGUHÿHQLP LPSOHPHQWDFLMDPD SUHILNVXMH GUXJLP VLPEROLPD

,PHNRULVQLþNHSURPHQOMLYHVHX0\64/LPSOHPHQWDFLMLSUHILNVXMHVLPERORP#DW
=DSUDYOMHQMDQRYHL]ULþLWRGHILQLVDQHSURPHQOMLYHNRULVWLVHVLQWDNVDXQDVWDYNX
ɒʰƃřɒʰƄŜŜŜ
3ULPHULSUDYOMHQMDSURPHQOMLYHQDRYDMQDþLQVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
ɒʰɨŚ
ɒʰɩŚ
ɒʰɨŚ
ɒʰɥŜɮɬŚ
=DVPHãWDQMHUH]XOWDWDXSURPHQOMLYXL]NRORQHNRMDVHREHOHåDYD]DGRSUHPDQMHX
6(/(&7NODX]XOXQDUHGEH]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDLVSUHGLPHQDNRORQHLOLL]UD]D]D
GRSUHPDQMHVHGRGDMHSUHILNVRGUHÿHQSRãDEORQXSULND]DQRPXQDVWDYNX
ɒśʰƇɏŶƈ
PrLPHUSUDYOMHQMDSURPHQOMLYHQDRYDMQDþLQMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ɒśʰ
FROM article_price
ɏʰɩ
ORDER BY created_at DESC
LIMIT 1;
3ULND]DQD64/QDUHGEDGRSUHPDQDMQRYLMXFHQXDUWLNODVD,'EURMHPDOLXMHGQR
VPHãWDWXYUHGQRVWXSURPHQOMLYXVDLPHQRP#SULFH
8NROLNRMHSRWUHEQRQDNQDGQRGRSUHPLWLVDþXYDQXYUHGQRVWSURPHQOMLYHPRJXüHMH
NRULVWLWL6(/(&7QDUHGEX]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDNDVOHGHüLQDþLQSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ɒŚ
172
Baze podataka
8.4.32 5DGVDWUDQVDNFLMDPD- TRANSACTION
TrDQVDNFLMH VX PHKDQL]PL NRMLPD VH REH]EHÿXMH GD VH JUXSD 64/ QDUHGEL L]YUãL
NDRMHGQDFHOLQD7UDQVDNFLMHQDMþHãüHREXKYDWDMXGYHLOLYLãH64/QDUHGELNRMHWUHED
GDEXGXL]YUãHQH
7ULRVQRYQDFLOMDWUDQVDNFLMDVX
'D RPRJXüH UD]GYDMDQMH L]PHÿX YHüHJ EURMD DSOLNDFLMD NRMH LVWRYUHPHQR
SULVWXSDMXLVWRMED]LSRGDWDND2YRVHJDUDQWXMHWDNRãWRVHJUXSLãXQDUHGEH
NRMH L]YUãDYD MHGQD DSOLNDFLMD L L]YUãDYDMX VH X FHORVWL 1D WDM QDþLQ QH
GROD]LGRVLWXDFLMHGDGUXJDDSOLNDFLMDYLGLGHOLPLþQRL]PHQMHQHSRGDWNH
Da oEH]EHGLQDþLQ]DYUDüDQMHED]HSRGDWDNDXSUYRELWQRVWDQMHXVOXþDMX
GDGRÿHGRJUHãNHSULOLNRPL]YUãDYDQMDELORNRMHRGQDUHGELXWUDQVDNFLML
'D RVLJXUD GD X VOXþDMX SUHNLGD UDGD XVOHG KDUGYHUVNRJ VRIWYHUVNRJ LOL
GUXJLKSUREOHPDED]HSRGDWDNDQHRVWDQH XGHOLPLþQRL]PHQMHQRJVWDQMD
ãWRPRåHGDL]D]RYHSUREOHPHVDLQWHJULWHWRPSRGDWDNDLUDGRPDSOLNDFLMH
7ULRVQRYQHQDUHGEHNRMHVHNRULVWHXUDGXVDWUDQVDNFLMDPDVX
67$5775$16$&7,21
&200,7L
52//%$&.
7UDQVDNFLMD PRUD GD SRþQH VD 67$57 75$16$&7,21 L da se završi ili sa

&200,7 NDGD åHOLPR GD VDþXYDPR SURPHQH LOL VD 52//%$&. NDGD åHOLPR GD
YUDWLPRVWDQMHED]HSRGDWDNDQDRQRSUHSRþHWNDWUDQVDNFLMH
3ULPHUNRULãüHQMDWUDQVDNFLMDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
.OLMHQWX VD ,' EURMHP MH SRWUHEQR QDSUDYLWL UDþXQ ]D NXSRYLQX MHGQRJ
NRPDGDDUWLNODVD,'EURMHPSRFHQLFHQHXWUHQXWNXSUDYOMHQMDUDþXQD
'D EL ELOR PRJXüH L]YUãLWL RYDNDY ]DKWHY EH] PHQMDQMD PRGHOD ED]H SRGDWDND L
GRGDYDQMD QSU SROMD GLVFRXQW X WDEHOX LQYRLFHBDUWLFOH NRMRP EL VH XND]DOR QD WR da
FHQXDUWLNODWUHEDREUDþXQDWLVDSRSXVWRPQHRSKRGQRMHREDYLWLVOHGHüHNRUDNH
'RGDWLQRYXFHQX]DDUWLNDONRMDMHWUHQXWQHFHQH
1DSUDYLWLUDþXQ]DNOLMHQWD
'RGDWLSRGQRYLUDþXQHYLGHQFLMXNXSRYLQHMHGQRJNRPDGDDUWLNOD
'RGDWLQRYXFHQX]DDUWLNDONRMDMHMHGQDNDVWDURMFHQLSUHVPDQMHQMD
=D L]YUãDYDQMH RYDNYH SURFHGXUH MH QHRSKRGQR RVLJXUDWL GD VH X WUHQXWNX QMHQRJ
L]YUãDYDQMDQHPRåHGRGDWLQRYLUDþXQ]DGUXJRJNOLMHQWDLSRGQMLPHYLGHQWLUDWLDUWLNDO
NRMLELXWRPVOXþDMXPRJDRGD EXGHGRGDWSRGVPDQMHQRPFHQRP
173
Baze podataka
*DUDQFLMDGDüHVHVYLNRUDFLRYHSURFHGXUH]DYUãLWL]DNOMXþQRVDYUDüDQMHPFHQH
QDSUYRELWQXVDSRþHWNDL]YUãDYDQMDSURFHGXUHMHPRJXüDNRULãüHQMHPWUDQVDNFLMH
/* Komentari se koriste samo da pojasne delove koda u listingu */
-- «
START TRANSACTION;
-- Definise potrebne promenljive

ɒʰɨŚ
ɒʰɩŚ
ɒʰɨŚ
ɒʰɥŜɮɬŚ
-- ìɩɒ
SELECT ɒśʰ
FROM article_price
ɏʰɒ
LIMIT 1;
--
ɒʰɒƋɒŚ
-- ɩřɮɬʩre
ɏɏʰɒřʰɒŚ
-- «ɨ
ɏʰɒŚ
-- «ì©ɏɏſƀ

SELECT ɒśʰɏɏſƀŚ
-- «ɨɩřć©
ɏɏʰɒř
ɏʰɒřʰɒ;
-- ɩř«ɒ
ɏɏʰɒřʰɒŚ
-- ììř«
ɒŚ
-- Potvrdjuje promene nastale u transakciji

COMMIT;
ŵƋřřř«Ƌŵ
ŵƋ
«ř
ì řì©
řŜ
©ìŜƋŵ
2EMDãQMHQHSRMHGLQDþQLKNRUDNDSULND]DQHWUDQVDNFLMHMHGDWRXNRPHQWDULPDNRGD
174
Baze podataka
8.4.33 5DGVDRNLGDþLPD- TRIGGER
2NLGDþLVXPHKDQL]DPNRMLREH]EHÿXMHGDVHSUHLOLQDNRQREDYOMHQHPDQLSXODFLMH
SRGDFLPDXWDEHODPDL]YUãLJUXSDQDUHGELNRMXGHILQLãHNRULVQLN
2NLGDþLSRGUåDYDMXXNXSQRãHVWVFHQDULMD]DL]YUãDYDQMHLWo:
,]YUãDYDQMHSUHGRGDYDQMDQRYRJ]DSLVD %(2)5(,16(57
,]YUãDYDQMHSUHL]PHQHSRVWRMHüHJ]DSLVD %()25(83'$7(
,]YUãDYDQMHSUHEULVDQMD]DSLVD %()25('(/(7(
,]YUãDYDQMHSRVOHGRGDYDQMDQRYRJ]DSLVD $)7(5,16(57
,]YUãDYDQMHSRVOHL]PHQHSRVWRMHüHJ]DSLVD $)7(583'$7(
,]YUãDYDQMHSRVOHEULVDQMD]DSLVD $)7(5'(/(7(
0\64/SRGUåDYDGHILQLVDQMHYLãHRGMHGQRJRNLGDþD]DLVWLVFHQDULR]DL]YUãDYDQMH
QDGLVWRPWDEHORP0HÿXWLPXSUDNVLVHRYDSRJRGQRVWQHNRULVWLYHüVHXPHVWRWRJD
XMHGQRPRVQRYQRPRNLGDþX]DMHGDQVFHQDULRL]YUãDYDQMDQDGWDEHORPSR]LYDJUXSD
XJUDÿHQLK SURFHGXUD þLPH VH REH]EHÿXMH GD VH YLãH DNWLYQRVWL L]YUãL ]D LVWL VFHQDULR
L]YUãDYDQMD RNLGDþD QDG LVWRP WDEHORP ,PH RNLGDþD WUHED GD EXGH IRUPLUDQR SUHPD
SUDYLOLPDNRQYHQFLMHLPHQRYDQMD
SvedHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHRNLGDþDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX

ɏƇ Ŷ ƈƇŶŶƈ

ɏ

trigger_body
END
7HORRNLGDþDWULJJHUBERG\VXQDUHGEHNRMHWUHEDGDVHL]YUãHXGDWRPVFHQDULMX
3ULPHUNRULãüHQMDWUDQVDNFLMDMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
1DSUDYLWH RNLGDþ NRML üH VH L]YUãDYDWL SUH XQRVD QRYRJ ]DSLVD NRMLP VH
HYLGHQWLUD GRGDYDQMH DUWLNOD QD UDþXQ NRML üH VSUHþLWL GRGDYDQMH QD UDþXQ
XNROLNR MH EURM SULPHUDND GRGDYDQRJ DUWLNOD QD VWDQMX PDQML RG NROLþLQH þLMH
GRGDYDQMHVHXQRVRP]DSLVDHYLGHQWLUD

ɏɏɏ

ON invoice_article FOR EACH ROW

IF (
SELECT view__article_stock.quantity_on_stock
FROM view__article_stock
WHERE view__article_stock.article_id = NEW.article_id
) < NEW.quantity THEN

ɑɫɬɥɥɥɑ
ɏʰɑŠɑŚ
END IF;
END
175
Baze podataka
8.4.34 8JUDÿHQHIXQNFLMH- FUNCTION
)XQNFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD LPHQRYDQX JUXSX QDUHGEL NRMD PRåH GD VH SR]LYD X GUXJLP
IXQNFLMDPDLSURFHGXUDPDNDRLXVDPRVWDOQLPXSLWLPDQDGED]RPSRGDWDND
6YDNDIXQNFLMDMHRGUHÿHQDVYRMLPLPHQRPVSLVNRP SDUDPHWDUDLWLSRPSRYUDWQH
YUHGQRVWL 6YDNL SDUDPHWDU MH RGUHÿHQ LPHQRP L WLSRP SRGDWND ,PHQD IXQNFLMD QLVX
SRVHEQRRJUDQLþHQDNRQYHQFLMRPLPHQRYDQMDRVLP GDWUHEDGDVHSULGUåDYDMXRSãWLK
SUDYLOD]DLPHQRYDQMHHOHPHQDWDED]HSRGDWDND
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHIXQNFLMHMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE FUNCTION
function_name ([param_name type[,...]])
RETURNS type

function_body
RETURN value
END
1DUHGED]DXNODQMDQMHIXQNFLMHMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
DROP FUNCTION [IF EXISTS] function_name;
3ULPHULSUDYOMHQMDLNRULãüHQMDIXQNFLMHVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
1DSUDYLWLIXQNFLMXNRMDYUDüDWUHQXWQXFHQXDUWLNODþLML,'EURMMHSDUDPHWDU
CREATE FUNCTION
get_current_article_price(article_id INT)
ſɨɥřɩƀ

RETURN (
SELECT article_price.price
FROM article_price
WHERE article_price.article_id = article_id
ORDER BY article_price.created_at DESC
LIMIT 1
);
END
3ULND]DQLN{GGHILQLãHIXQNFLMXNRMDX]LPDMHGDQSDUDPHWDUFHOREURMQRJWLSDLYUDüD
SRGDWDN NRML MH UHDOQD EURMþDQD YUHGQRVW )XQNFLMD NDR VYRM UH]XOWDW YUDüD SRGDWDN
GRELMHQXJQMHåGHQLPXSLWRPNRMLPVHGRSUHPDYUHGQRVWSROMDFHQD]DMHGDQQDMQRYLML
]DSLV L] WDEHOH DUWLFOHBSULFH JGH MH YUHGQRVW SROMD DUWLFOHBSULFH WH WDEHOH MHGQDND
YUHGQRVWLLVWRLPHQRJSDUDPHWUDIXQNFLMH=ERJWRJDãWRVHLSROMHXWDEHOLLSDUDPHWDU
IXQNFLMH]RYXLVWRXQDYHGHQRPNRGXXSLWDMHL]ULþLWRSRVWDYOMHQRLPHWDEHOHL]NRMHMH
SROMHDUWLFOHBLGNRMHVHNRULVWL]DILOWULUDQMH
176
Baze podataka
3ULPHUNRGD]DSUDYOMHQMHLGHQWLþQHIXQNFLMHEH]SRWUHEH]DL]ULþLWLPQDYRÿHQMHP
tabele iz koje MHSROMHDUWLFOHBLG]DKWHYDGDVHSDUDPHWDUIXQNFLMHLPHQXMHGUXJDþLMHRG
LPHQDSROMDWDEHOHãWRMHSULND]DQRXQDVWDYNX
CREATE FUNCTION
get_current_article_price(for_article_id INT)
ſɨɥřɩƀ

RETURN (
SELECT price
FROM article_price
WHERE article_id = for_article_id
LIMIT 1
);
END
.RULãüHQMHIXQNFLMH]DGRSUHPDQMHWUHQXWQHFHQHDUWLNODMHSULND]DQRXQDVWDYNX
ɏɏɏſɩƀŚ
8.4.35 8JUDÿHQHSURFedure - PROCEDURE
3URFHGXUDSUHGVWDYOMDLPHQRYDQXJUXSXQDUHGELNRMDPRåHGDVHSR]LYDXGUXJLP
SURFHGXUDPD DOL L NDR VDPRVWDOQD QDUHGED 6YDND SURFHGXUD MH RGUHÿHQD VYRMLP
LPHQRPLVSLVNRPSDUDPHWDUD=DUD]OLNXRGIXQNFLMDSURFHGXUHQHYUDüDMXYUHGQRVW.
3DUDPHWULSURFHGXUHPRJXGDEXGXXOD]QLL]OD]QLLOLLVWRYUHPHQRLXOD]QLLL]OD]QL
6YDNL SDUDPHWDU MH RGUHÿHQ LPHQRP L WLSRP SRGDWND ,PHQD SURFHGXUD QLVX
SRVHEQRRJUDQLþHQDNRQYHQFLMRPLPHQRYDQMDRVLP GDWUHEDGDVHSULGUåDYDMXRSãWLK
SUDYLOD]DLPHQRYDQMHHOHPHQDWDED]HSRGDWDND
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DSUDYOMHQMHSURFHGXUHMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE PROCEDURE
procedure_name ([[ IN | OUT | INOUT ] param_name type [,...]])

procedure_body
END
1DUHGED]DXNODQMDQMHSURFHGXUHMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
DROP PROCEDURE [IF EXISTS] procedure_name;
3ULPHULSUDYOMHQMDLNRULãüHQMDSURFHGXUHVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
177
Baze podataka
1DSUDYLWLSURFHGXUX]DSURGDMXMHGQRJDUWLNODVDSRSXVWRPNOLMHQWX
.{G ]D RYX SURFHGXUX PRJXüH MH QDSLVDWL QD RVQRYX SULPHUD NRGD SULND]DQRJ X
RGHOMNXRWUDQVDNFLMDPDX]L]PHQXQDþLQDGRSUHPDQMDSRWUHEQLK,'EURMHYDLL]QRVD
SRSXVWDNRMLVHRGREUDYD]DL]DEUDQLDUWLNDO
CREATE PROCEDURE sell_with_discount(

IN for_client_id INT, -- ID broj klijenta
IN for_article_id INT, -- ID broj artikla
ɏſɨɥřɩƀř--
ɏſɨɥřɩƀ-- Procenat popusta
)

START TRANSACTION; --
-- ìɒſƀ
ɒʰɏɏɏſɏɏƀŚ
--
ɒʰɒƋɏŚ
-- ř
ɏɏʰɏɏřʰɒŚ
-- «
INSERT invoice SET client_id = for_client_id;
-- «ì©ɏɏſƀ

ɒʰɏɏſƀŚ
-- «ř
INSERT invoice_article
ɏʰɒř
article_id = for_article_id,
quantity = with_quantity;
-- ř«ɒ
ɏɏʰɏɏřʰɒŚ
COMMIT; -- Potvrdjuje promene nastale u transakciji

END
1DþLQSR]LYDSURFHGXUHMHSULND]DQXQDVWDYNX
ɏɏſɨřɨřɩřɥŜɬɥƀŚ
Napomena: Procedure se pozivaju naredbom CALL iza koje sledi ime procedure i
spisak parametara navedenih u zagradi iza imena. Parametri koji mogu da budu
L]ULþLWRGHILQLVDQHYUHGQRVWLNDRXGDWRPSULPHUXLOLLPHQDSURPHQOMLYLK3DUDPHWUL
SURFHGXUHNRMLVXR]QDþHQLNDRL]OD]QLLOLLVWRYUHPHQRNDRL]OD]QLLXOD]QLELWUHEDORGD
EXGXSURPHQOMLYHNRMLPDSURFHGXUDPRåHGDGRGHOLYUHdnost tokom svog izvršavanja.
178
Baze podataka
8.4.36 =DND]LYDQMHRGORåHQLKSRVORYD- EVENT
2GORåHQLSRVORYLLOLGRJDÿDMLVXJUXSHQDUHGELNRMHVXRGUHÿHQHGDVHL]YUãHMHGQRP
LOLXRGUHÿHQLPYUHPHQVNLPLQWHUYDOLPDQDNRQRGUHÿHQRJYUHPVQNRJSHULRGDLPRJX
GDWUDMXGRWDþQRRGUHÿHQRJ]DND]DQRJYUHPHQD
.RULVWH VH X VLWXDFLMDPD NDGD MH JUXSX QDUHGEL SRWUHEQR SRNUHWDWL SHULRGLþQR X
ILNVQLP YUHPHQVNLP LQWHUYDOLPD LOL QDNRQ RGUHÿHQRJ YUHPHQVNRJ SHULRGD WM
RGORåHQRXRGQRVXQDWUHQXWDNGHILQLVDQMD
,PHQDRGORåHQLKSRVORYDQLVXSRVHEQRRJUDQLþHQDNRQYHQFLMRPLPHQRYDQMDRVLP
GDWUHEDGDVHSULGUåDYDMXRSãWLKSUDYLOD]DLPHQRYDQMHHOHPHQDWDED]HSRGDWDND
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DGHILQLVDQMHRGORåHQLKSRVORYDMHSUHPDXSXWVWYX
DELIMITER ;;
ƃ Ƅ

event_name
ON SCHEDULE
ƃʫƄŜŜŜŶ
ƃƃʫƄŜŜŜƄ
ƃƃʫƄŜŜŜƄ
ƃƃƄƄ

event_body
END
DELIMITER ;
-- Definicija ɑɑś
quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | YEAR_MONTH | MONTH | WEEK | DAY |

HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE | DAY_SECOND |
HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
5D]ORJ ]D UHGHILQLVDQMH VLPEROD ]D UD]GYDMDQMH QDUHGEL '(/,0,7(5 X GXSOL

VLPERO WDþND ]DUH] L]YUãHQ SUH SRþHWND GHILQLVDQMD ]DND]DQRJ SRVOD MH WDM ãWR MH
PRJXüHGDXWHOX]DND]DQRJSRVODSRVWRMLYLãHRGMHGQHQDUHGEHNRMHVHX64/MH]LNX
UD]GYDMDMX VD MHGQLP VLPERORP WDþND ]DUH] SD MH SRWUHEQR GD QHNL GUXJL VLPERO
EXGHNRULãüHQ]D]DYUãHWDNQDUHGEHGHILQLVDQMD]DND]DQRJSRVOD
1DUHGED]DXNODQMDQMHSURFHGXUHMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
ƃ ƄɏŚ
179
Baze podataka
Napomena: Da bi se zakazani poslovi izvršavali, na MySQL serveru mora da bude

XNOMXþHQ PHKDQL]DP ]D L]YUãDYDQMH ]DND]DQLK SRVORYD LOL GRJDÿDMD 2YDM PHKDQL]DP
se aktivira ili deaktivira dodelom vrednosti globalnoj promenljivoj event_scheduler.
1DUHGED]DDNWLYLUDQMHL]YUãDYDQMD]DND]DQLKSRVORYDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYQX

ɏʰŚ
3ULPHULSUDYOMHQMDLNRULãüHQMD]DND]DQRJSRVODVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
1DSUDYLWL ]DND]DQL SRVDR NRML üH GD VH SRNUHüH VYDNLK PLQXWD L NRML üH
QDMPDQMHSURGDYDQRPDUWLNOXXWRPWUHQXWNXGDVPDQMLFHQX]D
-- řì
DELIMITER ;;

event_smanji_cenu_najmanje_prodavanog_artikla
ON SCHEDULE
ɬ

ɒɏɏɏʰſ
SELECT
article_id
FROM
view__article_sales
ORDER BY
quantity_sold ASC
LIMIT 1
);
ɒɏʰɏɏɏſɒɏɏɏƀŚ
ɒɏʰɒɏƋɥŜɰɬŚ
INSERT article_price
SET
ɏʰɒɏɏɏř
ʰɒɏcena;
END;;
-- ©
DELIMITER ;
-- ɫ ɭɰɭɭɮɬɮɭɫɬɭɮɭɩɬɮɪɰɮɨɭɫɬɪɫɩɮɬɬɯɫɪɥ
-- ɭɪɭɬɬɭɮɬɬɭɬɯɫɭɮɭɭɭɭɭɫɬɪɫɬɭɮɬɥɫɫɫɪ
180
Baze podataka
8.4.37 ýHVWRNRULãüHQHIXQNFLMH
2VLP IXQNFLMD DJUHJDFLMH NRMH VX L]GYRMHQH X RGHOMNX *5283 %< NODX]XOH L
IXQNFLMDGDWXPDNRMHVXUDQLMHQDYHGHQH0\64/LPSOHPHQWDFLMD64/MH]LNDSRGUåDYD
YHOLNLEURMGRGDWQLKIXQNFLMDRSãWHLVSHFLILþQHQDPHQHNRMHVXGRVWXSQHSURJUDPHULPD
L DGPLQLVWUDWRULPD ED]H SRGDWDND Za višH LQIRUPDFLMD R QDþLQLPD NRULãüHQMD
SRMHGLQDþQLKIXQNFLMDSUHSRUXþXMHVHXYLGX]YDQLþQXGRNXPHQWDFLMXQD,QWHUQHWX.
,PHIXQNFLMH 2SLVIXQNFLMH
12: 9UDüDWUHQXWQLYUHPHQVNLåLJVHUYHUD
&85'$7( 9UDüDWUHQXWQLGDWXPVHUYHUD
&857,0( 9UDüDWUHQXWQRYUHPHservera.
'$7(B$'' 'RGDMHRGUHÿHQLYUHPHQVNLLQWHUYDOQDYUHGQRVWGDWXPD
'$7(B68% 2GX]LPDRGUHÿHQLYUHPHQVNLLQWHUYDORGYUHGQRVWLGDWXPD
'$7(',)) 5DþXQDUD]OLNXL]PHÿXGYDGDWXPDXGDQLPD
'$7(B)250$7 3ULND]XMHGDWXPXGHILQLVDQRPIRUPDWX
FORMAT 9UDüDVWULQJGRELMHQQDRVQRYXGHILQLVDQRJIRUPDWD
TRIM 8NODQMDVYHEHOLQHLVSUHGLL]DYLGOMLYLKNDUDNWHUDXVWULQJX
/2:(5 3UHWYDUDVYDYHOLNDVORYDXPDODXGDWRPVWULQJX
833(5 3UHWYDUDVYDPDODVORYDXYHOLNDXGDWRPVWULQJX
68%675,1* 9UDüDGHRVWULQJDVDRGUHÿHQHSR]LFLMHLEURMDNDUDNWHUD
5(9(56( 9UDüDRNUHQXWVWULQJ
&21&$7 9UDüDVWULQJGRELMHQVSDMDQMHPYLãHWHNVWXDOQLKYUHGQRVWL
&21&$7B:6 9UDüDVWULQJVSDMDQMHPWHNVWXDOQLKYUHGQRVWLVHSDUDWRURP
SIN 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHVLQ
&26 VUDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHFRV
ASIN 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHDVLQ
$&26 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHDFRV
ATAN 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHDWDQ
TAN 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHWDQ
ATAN2 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHDWDQ]DDUJXPHQWD
&27 9UDüDUH]XOWDWWULJRQRPHWULMVNHIXQNFLMHFWDQ
ABS 9UDüDDSVROXWQXYUHGQRVWGDWRJEURMD
&(,/ 9UDüDEURM]DRNUXåHQQDYLãXFHOREURMQXJUDQLþQXYUHGQRVW
FLOOR 9UDüDEURM]DRNUXåHQQDQLåXFHOREURMQXJUDQLþQXYUHGQRVW
MOD 9UDüDRVWDWDNSULGHOMHQMXGYDEURMD
ROUND =DRNUXåXMHUHDOQXYUHGQRVWQDRGUHÿHQLEURMGHFLPDOD
7581&$7( 2GVHFDGHFLPDOHL]DRGUHÿHQHSR]LFLMHEH]]DRNXUåLYDQMD
&219 .RQYHUWXMH]DSLVEURMDL]MHGQHRVQRYLFHED]HXGUXJX
'(*5((6 .RQYHUWXMHXJDRL]UDGLMDQDXVWHSHQH
RADIANS .RQYHUWXMHXJDRL]VWHSHQLXUDGLMDQH
LN 9UDüDYUHGQRVWSULURGQRJORJDULWPD
/2* 9UDüDYUHGQRVWSULURGQRJORJDULWPD
/2* 9UDüDYUHGQRVWORJDULWPDRVQRYLFH
181
Baze podataka
/2* 9UDüDYUHGQRVWORJDULWPDRVQRYLFH
6,*1 9UDüD]QDNGDWHYUHGQRVWL
DIV .RULVWLVH]DFHOREURMQRGHOMHQMH
(;3 .RULVWLVH]DVWHSHQRYDQMH
32: 9UDüDYUHGQRVWEURMDVWHSHQRYDQRJQDRGUHÿHQLEURM
SQRT 9UDüDNYDGUDWQLNRUHQGDWHYUHGQRVWL
RAND 9UDüDSVHXGR-QDVXPLþQXUHDOQXYUHGQRVW
/(1*7+ 9UDüDGXåLQXVWULQJDXEDMWRYLPD
$6&,, 9UDüD$6&,,QXPHULþNXYUHGQRVWSUYRJNDUDNWHUD
&+$5 9UDüDNDUDNWHUNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDGDWDYUHGQRVW
63$&( 9UDüDVWULQJVDGHILQLVDQLPEURMHPUD]PDND
5(3($7 8PQRåDYDGDWLVWULQJGDWLEURMSXWD
5(3/$&( 0HQMDSRPLQMDQMHGHODWHNVWDXGDWRPWHNVWXDOQRPSRGDWNX
675&03 9UãLSRUHÿHQMHGYDWHNVWXDOQDSRGDWND
BIN 9UDüDVWULQJNRMLVDGUåLELQDUQLSULND]RGUHÿHQRJEURMD
+(; 9UDüDKHNVDGHFLPDOQLSULND]GDWRJEURMD
2&7 9UDüDRNWDOQL]DSLVGDWRJEURMD
81+(; 9UDüDYUHGQRVWNRQYHUWRYDQXL]KHNVDGHFLPDOQRJ]DSLVD
LPAD 9UDüDWHNVWRGUHÿHQHãLULQHGRSXQRPVLPEROLPDOHYR
RPAD 9UDüDWHNVWRGUHÿHQHãLULQHGRSXQRPVLPEROLPDGHVQR
LTRIM 8NODQMDEHOLQHLVSUHGWHNVWD
RTRIM 8NODQMDEHOLQHL]DWHNVWD
/()7 9UDüDGDWLEURMNDUDNWHUDVDSRþHWNDGDWRJVWULQJD
5,*+7 8NODQMDEHOLQHL]DWHNVWD
&+$5B/(1*7+ 9UDüDEURMNDUDNWHUDXGDWRPVWULQJX
)520B%$6( .RULVWLVH]DGHNRGLUDQMHWHNVWDL]%$6(NRGLUDQRJ]DSLVD
72B%$6( .RULVWLVH]DNRGLUDQMHWHNVWDX%$6(NRGLUDQL]DSLV
MAT&+ 2EDYOMDWHNVWXDOQXSUHWUDJXXGDWRPWHNVWXDOQRPSRGDWNX
/,.( 2EDYOMDXSDULYDQMHWHNVWDSRSURVWRPãDEORQX
5/,.( 2EDYOMDXSDULYDQMHWHNVWDSRUHJXODUQRPL]UD]X
(1&2'( .RGLUDVWULQJ
'(&2'( 'HNRGLUDVWULQJNRGLUDQQDUHGERP(1&2'(
3$66:25' 5DþXQD3$66:25'KHãVWULQJGDWRJWHNVWD
SHA1 5DþXQD6+$NRQWUROQLVWULQJ
SHA2 5DþXQD6+$NRQWUROQLVWULQJ
,1(7B$721 .RQYHUWXMHWHNVWXDOQL]DSLV,3DGUHVHXEURMþDQXYUHGQRVW
,1(7B172$ .RQYHUWXMHEURMþDQXYUHGQRVW]DSLVD,3DGUHVHXWHNVW
,6B,39 8WYUÿXMHGDOLMHGDWL DUJXPHQWLVSUDYQD,3YDGUHVD
,1(7B$721 .RQYHUWXMHWHNVWXDOQL]DSLV,3YDGUHVHXEURMþDQXYUHGQRVW
,1(7B172$ .RQYHUWXMHEURMþDQXYUHGQRVW]DSLVD,3YDGUHVHXWHNVW
,6B,39 8WYUÿXMHGDOLMHGDWLDUJXPHQWLVSUDYQD,3YDGUHVD
UUID 9UDüDMHGLQVWYHQLXQLYHU]DOQLLGHQWLILNDWRU88,'
88,'B6+257 9UDüDVPUDþHQLMHGLQVWYHQLXQLYHU]DOQLLGHQWLILNDWRU88,'
88,'B72B%,1 .RQYHUWXMHWHNVWXDOQL]DSLV88,'XELQDUQL
182
Baze podataka
8.4.38 8SUDYOMDQMHNRULVQLFLPD- 86(50$1$*(0(17
0\64/ MH VLVWHP ]D XSUDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDka koji se sastoji iz
VHUYHUVNH L NOLMHQWVNH NRPSRQHQWH 'D EL VH NOLMHQW XVSHãQR SRYH]DR VD VHUYHURP
SRWUHEQRMHGDL]YUãLXVSRVWDYXYH]H7RNRPXVSRVWDYHYH]HRQGRVWDYOMDNRULVQLþNR
LPHLOR]LQNXQDRVQRYXNRMLKVHUYHURWYDUDVHVLMXVDDGHNYDWQLPSUDYLPD
0\64/SRGUåDYDYLãHL]YRUD]DXVSRVWDYXYH]H,]YRUL]DYLVHRGMDYQLKDGUHVDQD
NRMHMHYH]DQ0\64/VHUYHUXNROLNRMHSRGHãHQ]DPUHåQLUDG'YDRVQRYQDL]YRUD
NRML VH X SUDNVL QDMþHãüH VUHüX NRG 0\64/ VHUYHUD SRGHãHQRJ ]D UDG X PUHåQRP
RNUXåHQMXVX ORNDOQLKRVWLNRQNUHWQD,3DGUHVDL]RSVHJDXNRMHPMH,3DGUHVDVHUYHUD
0\64/ SRGUåDYD PRJXüQRVW GD VH LVWR NRULVQLþNR LPH NRULVWL VD YLãH L]YRUD
XVSRVWDYHYH]HNDVHUYHUX=DVYDNXNRPELQDFLMXNRULVQLþNRJLPHQDLL]YRUDXVSRVWDYH
YH]H MH PRJXüH SRVWDYLWL ]DVHEQX OR]LQNX 7DNRÿH VYDNRM NRPELQDFLML NRULVQLþNRJ
LPHQDLL]YRUDXVSRVWDYHYH]HNDVHUYHUXMHPRJXüHGRGHOLWLGUXJDþLMHVHWRYHSUDYDQDG
ED]DPDSRGDWDNDLWDEHODPDXWLPED]DPDSRGDWDND
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVD]DSUDYOMHQMHQDORJDNRULVQLNDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
CREATE USER
[IF NOT EXISTS]
user_and_source
[ IDENTIFIED BY 'password_string' ]
[ DEFAULT ROLE role [, role ] ... ]
[ WITH {
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count
}
]
ƃƃ ŶŶƄŶƇŶƄƄ
6LQWDNVD]DXNODQMDQMHQDORJDNRULVQLNDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
DROP USER
[IF EXISTS]
user_and_source [, user_and_source]
...
6LQWDNVDXDSUHLPHQRYDQMHQDORJDNRULVQLNDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
RENAME USER old_ user_and_source TO new_user_and_source

[, old_ user_and_source TO new_user_and_source]
...
183
Baze podataka
6LQWDNVDXDL]PHQXQDORJDNRULVQLNDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
ALTER USER
[IF EXISTS]
user_and_source
[ IDENTIFIED BY 'password_string' ]
[ WITH {
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count
| MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count
}
]
[ PASSWORD EXPIRE ƃ ŶŶƄŶƇŶƈƄ
6LQWDNVDXDSURPHQXOR]LQNHQDORJDNRULVQLNDMHSULND]DQDXQDVWDYNX
SET PASSWORD [FOR user_and_source] = 'password_string'

[ REPLACE 'current_ password_string' ]
3ULPHULQDUHGEL]DUDGVD QDOR]LPDNRULVQLNDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
1DSUDYLWLQDORJ]DNRULVQLNDPLODQNRMHPWUHEDRPRJXüLWLSULVWXSVDPRVD
ORNDODLSRVWDYLWLPXSURL]YROMDQWHNVWOR]LQNH
ɑɑɒɑɑ
ɑɪɩɬɨɬɩɨɩɪɨɑŚ
Definisati da lozinka QDORJDPLODQNRMLSULVWXSDVDORNDODLVWHNQH]DGDQD
ɑɑɒɑɑɨɫŚ
2EULVDWLQDORJNRULVQLNDPLODQNRMLLPDSULVWXSVHYHUXVDPRVDORNDOD
ɑɑɒɑɑŚ
1DSUDYLWLQDORJ]DNRULVQLNDPLODQNRMHPWUHEDRPRJXüLWLSULVWXSVDPRVD
,3DGUHVHLSRVWDYLWLPXSURL]YROMDQWHNVWOR]LQNH
ɑɑɒɑɨɰɩŜɨɭɯŜɯɯŜɩɫɑ ɑtekst---Xaidia-draconis";
184
Baze podataka
8.4.39 8SUDYOMDQMHSUDYLPDNRULVQLND- PRIVILEGE
6PR SUDYOMHQMHP QDORJD NRULVQLND QLMH RPRJXüHQR NRULVQLFLPD GD XSUDYOMDMX

VWUXNWXURP L VDGUåDMHP ED]H SRGDWDND .DNR EL VH RPRJXüLR SULVWXS RGUHÿHQRM ED]L
SRGDWDNDQHRSKRGQRMHRGREULWLSUDYRLOLJUXSXSUDYDNRULVQLNX2VLPWRJDPRJXüHMH
NRULVQLNXXNLQXWLSUDYRLOLJUXSXSUDYDQDGED]RPLOLWDEHODPDED]HSRGDWDND
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVD]DRGREUDYDQMHSUDYDNRULVQLNXMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
ɏƃſɏƀƄƃřɏƃſɏƀƄƄŜŜŜ
ON [{ TABLE | FUNCTION | PROCEDURE }]
{ * | *.* | db_name.* | db_name.table_name | table_name
| db_name.function_name | db_name.procedure_name }
TO { user_and_source | role_name } [, user_and_source | role_name] ...
ƃ
Ƅ
6YHGHQDVLQWDNVD]DXNLGDQMHSUDYDNRULVQLNDMHSUHPD0\64/XSXWVWYX
ɏe [(column_list)] [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...

ON [{ TABLE | FUNCTION | PROCEDURE }]
{ * | *.* | db_name.* | db_name.table_name | table_name
| db_name.function_name | db_name.procedure_name }
FROM { user_and_source | role_name } [, { user_and_source | role_name }] ...
3ULPHULQDUHGEL]DUDGVDSUDYLPDNRULVQLNDVXSULND]DQLXQDVWDYNX
'RGHOLWL 6(/(&7 SUDYR QDG VYLP WDEHODPD ED]H NRPSDQLMD NRULVQLNX

PLODQNRMLSULVWXSDVDORNDODGHIDFWRUHDG-RQO\SULVWXS
ON kompanija.* TO "milɑɒɑɑŚ
'RGHOLWLNRULVQLNXPLODQNRMLSULVWXSDVDORNDODSUDYRGDSUHJOHGDLGRGDMH
SRGDWNHXWDEHOLDUWLFOHBSULFHXED]LSRGDWDNDNRPSDQLMD
ř ON kompanija.article_price ɑɑɒɑɑŚ
2GX]HWL SUDYR NRULVQLNX PLODQ NRML SULVWXSD VD ,3 DGUHVH
SUDYDGRGDYDQMDL]PHQHLEULVDQMDSRGDWDNDL]VYLKWDEHODED]HNRPSDQLMD
řř ON kompanija.* ɑɑɒɑɨɰɩŜɨɭɯŜɯɯŜɩɫɑŚ
Dodeliti korisniku PLODQNRMLSULVWXSDVD,3DGUHVHVYDSUDYD

QDGED]RPSRGDWDNDNRPSDQLMDX]GRGDWQRSUDYRGDGRGHOMXMHGUXJDSUDYD
ON kompanija.* ɑɑɒɑɨɰɩŜɨɭɯŜɯɯŜɩɫɑ

Ś
185
Baze podataka
9 5(/$&,-(/2â(6758.785(,1250$/,=$&,-$
1DMNRPSOHNVQLMDVWYDUXUD]YRMXED]DSRGDWDNDMH SUDYLOQRPRGHORYDQMH&LOMMHGD
se L] UHDOQRJ VYHWD NRML VH PRGHOXMH XRþH REMHNWL QMLKRYH YH]H L RGQRVL NDR L
RJUDQLþHQMD8UHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSRGDWDNDQDNRQPRGHORYDQMDQDVWDMXãHPHUHODFLMD
NRMHLPDMXVYRMHQD]LYHRGJRYDUMXüHDWULEXWHDWULEXWLLPDMXVYRMHGRPHQHXNRMLPDVX
VDGUåDQDRJUDQLþHQMDQDGSRMHGLQLPDWULEXWLPDDL]PHÿXUHODFLMDSRVWRMHRJUDQLþHQMD
NRMDVHRGQRVHQDYH]HL]PHÿXSULPDUQMLKLVSROMDãQMLKNOMXþHYDãWRþLQLUHIHUHQFLMDOQL
LQWHJULWHW PUDYLODQ GL]DMQ SRGUD]XPHYD GD GRELMHQH šePH UHODFLMD LPDMX GREUX
VWUXNWXUX 'REUD VWUXNWXUD ãHPD UHODFLMD SRGUD]XPHYD GD VH X WRNX RGUåDYDQMD ED]H
SRGDWDNDXQRVL]PHQDEULVDQMHLOLNUR]SRVWDYOMHQHXSLWHQHXRþDYDMXQHSRJRGQRVWL
8NROLNRVHSULSURMHNWRYDQMXGRELMXãHPHUHODFLMDORãHVWUXNWXUHPRJXüHMHGDXWRNX
UDGDVDED]RPQDVWDQXJUHãNHLSRUHGLVSUDYQHSULPHQH64/-a.
'REUH ãHPH UHODFLMD LVSXQMDYDMX VYH ]DKWHYH UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD SRGDWDND

XQLNDWQRVW DWULEXWD X ãHPL UHODFLMH L XQLNDWQRVW Q-WRUNL XVORY LGHQWLILNDFLRQRJ
LQWHJULWHWD ]D SULPDUQL NOMXþ XVORY UHIHUHQFLRMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD ]D VSROMDãQML NOMXþ
SULPDUQLNOMXþMHMHGDQMHGLQLLOLL]DEUDQLNDQGLGDWNOMXþXYHNSRVWRMLVXSHUNOMXþLVO
8 QDYHGHQLP UD]PDWUDQMLPD QHPD SRVHEQLK ]DKWHYD SUHPD RVWDOLP DWULEXWLPD ãWR
PRåHGDGRYHGHGR SRJUHãQRJ]DNOMXþNDGDRVWDOLDWULEXWLLQMLKRYHYUHGQRVWLPRJXGD
EXGX SURL]YROMQL. 8NROLNR X ãHPDPD UHDODFLMD SRVWRMH QHNH GRGDWQH ]DYLVQRVWL NRMH
RGVWXSDMX RG RVQRYQLK SRVWDYNL UHDOaFLRQRJ PRGHOD SRGDWDND GRGDWQH ]DYLVQRVWL
L]PHÿXGUXJLKDWULEXWDLOL]DYLVQRVWLL]PHÿXGHORYDSULPDUQRJNOMXþDLWDNYLKDWULEXWD
QDVWDMX W]Y UHODFLMH ORãLK VWUXNWXUD 8 UDGX VD WDNYLP UHODFLMDPD PRJX GD QDVWDQX
SUREOHPLNRMLPRJXGDGRYHGXGRSRJUHãQLKUH]XOWDWDLOLþDNGRJXELWNDSRGDWDND
1DYHGHQL SUREOHPL PRJX GD VH UD]PDWUDMX SUHNR WHRULMH IXQNFLMVNLK ]DYLVQRVWL ,]
RYH WHRULMH VX GHILQLVDQH QRUPDOQH IRPUH. 1RUPDOL]DFLMD MH SRVWXSDN NRMLP VH
GHNRPSRQXMX UDVWDYOMDMX ãHPHUHODFLMDORãHVWUXNWXUHQDGYHLOLYLãHãHPDNRMHVXX
VNODGX VD åHOMHQRP QRUPDOQRP IRUPRP 1DNRQ QRUPDOL]DFLMH X WRNX UDGD VD
QRYRGRELMHQLP UHODFLMDPD L]EHJDYDMX VH W]Y DQRPDOLMH D NUR] XSLWH VH GRELMDMX
LVSUDYQHLQIRUPDFLMHQDRVQRYXSRVWRMHüLKSRGDWDNDXED]L
,QLFLMDOQR VX SURPRYLVDQH WUL QRUPDOQH IRUPH SUYD 1) GUXJD 1) L WUHüD
1)QRUPDOQDIRUPD.DVQLMHVX5%R\FHL()&RGGSURPRYLVDOLVWURåXGHILQLFLMX
WUHüH QRUPDOQH IRUPH NRMD VH QD]LYD Boyce-Codd normalna forma (BCNF). Sve
QRUPDOQH IRUPH VH ED]LUDMX QD IXQNFLRQDOQLP ]DYLVQRVWLPD L]PHÿX DWULEXWD WDEHOH
3URPRYLVDQHVXLYLãHQRUPDOQHIRUPHNRMHSUHYD]LOD]H%&1)LWRVXþHWYUWD1) i
SHWD1)QRUPDOQDIRUPD,SDNRYHIRUPHVHEDYHVLWXDFLMDPDNRMHVXYUORUHWNH
Tabela koja QH LVSXQMDYD ]DKWHYH QRUPDOL]DFLMH PRUD VH UDVWDYLWL QD GYH LOL YLãH
WDEHOD RG NRMLK VYDND SRMHGLQDþQR LVSXQMDYD ]DKWHYH QRUPDOL]DFLMH 9DåQR MH
QDSRPHQXWLGDMH]DNUHLUDQMHWDEHODXUHODFLRQRPPRGHOXSRGDWDNDNULWLþQDVDPR1)
186
Baze podataka
6YHRVWDOHIRUPHVXRSFLRQH,SDNGDELVHL]EHJOHDQRPDOLMHDåXULUDQMDSUHSRUXþXMHVH
QRUPDOL]DFLMDQDMPDQMHGR1)
8 QDMRSãWLMHP VPLVOX QRUPDOL]DFLMD MH SRVWXSDN NRMLP VH SURL]YROMQD

QHQRUPDOL]RYDQDUHODFLMDWUDQVIRUPLãHXVNXSPDQMLKQRUPDOL]RYDQLKUHODFLMD8RNYLUX
QRUPDOL]DFLMHQHVPHGRüLGRJXELWDNDLQIRUPDFLMDVDGUåDQLKXUHODFLML'UXJLPUHþLPD
PRUDELWLPRJXüHUHNRQVWUXLVDWLSUHWKRGQHUHODFLMDQDRVQRYXQRYRGRELMHQLK
'HNRPSR]LFLMDãHPHUHODFLMH5$$$QMH]DPHQDãHPHUHODFLMH5VDVNXSRP

ãHPD UHODFLMD ^5 5 5N` ]D NRMH YDåL 5LR i R1R2...5N 5 $NR MH U
UHODFLMD ]DGDWD QD 5 DUHODFLMH UU UN VX GRELMHQH SURMHNFLMDPD UHODFLMH U QD
VNXSRYHDWULEXWD555NRQGDVHSULURGQLPVSDMDQMHPPRUDGRELWLUHODFLMDU
1RUPDOL]DFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD VLVWHPVNL PHWRG ]D RVLJXUDYDQMH GD MH VWUXNWXUD ED]H
SRGDWDNDSRJRGQD]DXSLWHRSãWHJWLSDGDVHVPDQMLPRJXüQRVWUHGXQGDQVHSRGDWDND
GD VH VPDQML PRJXüQRVW SRMDYH DQRPDOLMD XQRVD L]PHQD L EULVDQMD NRMH EL PRJOH GD
GRYHGX GR JXELWND SRGDWDND 1RUPDOL]DFLMD MH LWHUDWLYQL SURFHV WRNRP NRJD VH YUãL
UHRUJDQL]DFLMD ED]H SRGDWDND X FLOMX L]EMHJDYDQMD UHGXQGDQVH L SRYHüDQMD VWDELOQRVWL
ED]HSRGDWDND1RUPDOL]DFLMRPED]HSRGDWDNDHOLPLQLãXVHVOHGHüLDWULEXWL
x DWULEXWLNRMLVDGUåHYLãHRGMHGQHYUHGQRVWL
x DWULEXWLNRMLVXGXSOLLOLVHSRQDYOMDMX
x DWULEXWLNRMLQHRSLVXMXWDEHOH
x DWULEXWLNRMLVDGUåHUHGXQGDQWQHSRGDWNH
x DWULEXWLNRMLVXL]YHGHQLL]RVWDOLKDWULEXWD
3RWSXQD QRUPDOL]DFLMD QLMH REDYH]QD DOL MH SUHSRUXþOMLYD 8]GUåDYDQMH RG SXQH
QRUPDOL]DFLMH RELþQR SRGUD]XPHYD SUHGYLÿDQMH SUREOHPD NRML EL VH PRJOL SRMDYLWL
3URFHV QRUPDOL]DFLMH MH ]DVQRYDQ QD KLMHUDUKLML QRUPDOQLK IRUPL 6YDND QRUPDOQD
IRUPDVH]DVQLYDQDSUHWKRGQRMLGHILQLãHUHãHQMHSUREOHPDNRMLSUHWKRGQLNQLMHSRNULR
3UYH WUL QRUPDOQH IRUPH MH NDR L SUDYLOD ]D XVSRVWDYOMDQMH UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD
XVWDQRYLR7HG.RG%D]DVHVPDWUDQRUPDOL]RYDQRPXNROLNRSRãWXMHSUDYLODL]SUYHWUL
QRUPDOQHIRUPH6DGUXJHVWUDQHãWRYLãX1)ED]DSRGUåDYDYLãHMHUHODFLMDXQMRMYLãH
-2,1RSHUDWRUDNRGXSLWD]ERJþHJDMHWHåHGRüLGRVSHFLILþQRJSRGDWNDDED]DNRULVWL
YLãHUHVXUVDGDELRGJRYRULODQD]DKWHY
9.1 5('81'$16$,$120$/,-($ä85,5$1-$
-HGDQ RG QDMYDåQLMLK FLOMHYD SULOLNRP SURMHNWRYDQMD UHODFLRQH ED]H SRGDWDND MH
SUDYLOQR JUXSLVDQMH DWULEXWD SR WDEHODPD ãWR UH]XOWXMH PLQLPDOQLP SRQDYOMDQMHP
SRGDWDNDLVPDQMHQMHPSURVWRUDSRWUHEQRJ]DVNODGLãWHQMHIDMORYDXNRMLPDVHþXYDMX
SRGDFL3RQDYOMDQMHSRGDWDNDMHSRMDYDGDVHLVWLSRGDFLNRMLVHRGQRVHQDQHNLHQWLWHW
QHSRWUHEQR SRMDYOMXMX X GYH LOL YLãH WDEHOD 8 WDEHODPD NRMH VDGUåH SRGDWNH NRML VH
187
Baze podataka
SRQDYOMDMX PRJX GD VH MDYH SUREOHPL SR]QDWL NDR YLãHVWUXNR XQRãHQMH YLãHVWUXNR
PHQMDQMHLYLãHVWUXNRXNODQMDQMH3RUHGWRJDMDYOMDMXVHWDNR]YDQHDQRPDOLMHXQRãHQMD
LEULVDQMD
9.1.1 Višestruko unošenje SRGDWDND
3ULOLNRPXQRVDQRYLKSRGDWDNDNRMLVHRGQRVHQDMHGDQHQWLWHWXWDEHOXNRMDVDGUåL
SRGDWNHNRMLVHSRQDYOMDMXPRUDMXVHXQHWLLSRGDFLNRMLVHRGQRVHQDGUXJHHQWLWHWHþLML
VH SRGDFL QDOD]H X LVWRM WDEHOL ãWR PRåH GRYHVWL GR QHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL DNR VH QDþLQL
JUHãNDSULOLNRPXQRVD $NRVHMHGDQWHLVWLSRGDWDNDYLãHVWUXNRXQRVLPRUDGDVHYRGL
UDþXQDGDXYHNEXGHLVSUDYQRXQHVHQQSUODWLQLþQLNDUDNWHUL'DELVHRYRRVWYDULOR
QHPLQRYQRVHXVORåQMDYDGHRVRIWYHUD]DXQRVSRGDWDNDSRVWDYOMDMXVHRGJRYDUDMXüH
NRQWUROHLVO
9.1.2 9LãHVWUXNREULVDQMH SRGDWDND
%ULVDQMH SRVOHGQMHJ ]DSLVD NRML VH RGQRVL QD MHGDQ HQWLWHW L] WDEHOH NRMD VDGUåL
SRGDWNH NRML VH SRQDYOMDMX PRåH GRYHVWL GR NRPSOHWQRJ JXELWND SRGDWDND R GUXJRP
HQWLWHWX þLML VH SRGDFL QDOD]H X LVWRM WDEHOL X LVWRP ]DSLVX $NR VH QHNL SRGDWDN X
UHDOFLML SRQDYOMD D SRWUHEQR MH GD VH REULãH L] ED]H QHRSKRGQR MH SUYR SURQDüL QD
NRMLP VH PHVWLPD ]DSLVLPD SRMDYOMXMH D WHN WDGD L]YUãLWL EULVDQMH 1DYHGHQH
DNWLYQRVWL WDNRÿH XVORåQMDYDMX NRG DSOLNDFLMH XPHVWR Ga VH NUR] 64/ QDUHGEH NDåH
XNORQL RGJRYDUDMXüL]DSLVSUYRPRUDGDVHGHWHNWXMHNRMLVXWRVYH]DSLVL
9.1.3 Višestruke izmene SRGDWDND
3ULOLNRP L]PHQH YUHGQRVWL DWULEXWD NRML VH RGQRVL QD MHGDQ HQWLWHW X WDEHOL NRMD
VDGUåL SRGDWNH NRML VH SRQDYOMDMX PRUDMX VH SURPHQLWL L VYL ]DSLVL NRML VDGUåH WDM
SURPHQMHQL DWULEXW NDR L SRGDFL NRML VH RGQRVH QD GUXJH HQWLWHWH D NRML VWRMH X
GLUHNWQRM YH]L VD SURPHQMHQLP DWULEXWRP $NR VH QH L]YUãH VYH RYH SURPHQH ED]D
SRVWDMHQHNRQ]LVWHQWQD
Primer 1:
3UHWSRVWDYLPR GD SRVWRML ãHPD UHODFLMH SRG QD]LYRP ,VSLW NRMD REXKYDWD LPHQD
VWXGHQDWDSUHGPHWHNRMHVXSRORåLOLVYDNLSUHGPHWLPDVYRMXãLIUXLGRELMHQHRFHQH
,VSLW%U,QG,PH3UH]LPH6LI32FHQD
-HGDQ VWXGHQW LPD RFHQH L] YLãH SUHGPHWD D MHGDQ SUHGPHW MH SRODJalo više
VWXGHQDWD8QDYHGHQRPSULPHUX ãHPDUHODFLMH,VSLWLPDORãXVWUXNWXUXLSRVOXåLüHGD
VHREMDVQHVYHQMHQHVODERVWL1HNDMHWUHQXWQLVDGUåDMUHODFLMH,VSLW
188
Baze podataka
%U,QG Ime Prezime SifP 2FHQD
100 Marko 0DUNRYLü BP 8

200 Petar 3HWURYLü BP 9
100 Marko 0DUNRYLü K1 7
300 'UDJDQ 0DUNRYLü RM 10

100 Marko 0DUNRYLü RM 6
2VQRYQDPDQDUHODFLMH,VSLWMHUHGXGDQVDYLãHVWUXNRSRQDYOMDQMH2YDMQHGRVWDWDN

L]D]LYDSUREOHPHNRGVYDWULWLSDDåXULUDQMD
x 9LãHVWUXNRXQRãHQMHLPHLSUH]LPHVWXGHQWDXQRVHVHRQROLNRSXWDNROLNRMH
LVSLWDSRODJDRýHVWRVHX]LPHLSUH]LPHHYLGHQWLUDMXLQHNLGUXJLSRGDFLR
VWXGHQWXDGUHVDNRQWDNWWHOHIRQPHMOLVOþLPHELRYDMSUREOHPELRMRã
L]UDåHQLML
x 9LãHVWUXNR PHQMDQMH HYHQWXDOQD SURPHQD LPHQD VWXGHQWD WUHED GD EXGe
VSURYHGHQDQDVYLPPHVWLPDJGHVHSRMDYOMXMH
x 9LãHVWUXNRXNODQMDQMHDNRVHåHOLSRSWXQRXNODQMDQMHSRGDWDNDRVWXGHQWX
YUãLEULVDQMHPUHGRYDLWRRQROLNRSXWDNROLNRMHLVSLWDSRODJDR
$NRVHSRNXãDL]EHJDYDQMHXQRVDLPHQDLSUH]LPHQDVWXGHQDWDYLãHSXWDVDPRSUYL
SXWVHXSLVXMHDXRVWDOLP]DSLVLPDGDVHXQRVL18//JXEHVHQHNHLQIRUPDFLMHNRMH
ELWUHEDOHGDVHGRELMDMXSUHNRXSLWD1DSULPHU
%U,QG Ime Prezime SifP 2FHQD
100 Marko 0DUNRYLü BP 8
200 Petar 3HWURYLü BP 9
100 NULL NULL K1 7
300 'UDJDQ 0DUNRYLü RM 10

100 NULLo NULL RM 6
8UD]PDWUDQRPVOXþDMXQHPRJXüHMHSRVWDYLWLVOHGHüHXSLWH
x 3URQDüLVYHVWXGHQWHNRML NRMLVXSRORåLOLQSU50UDþXQDUVNHPUHåH
x Izdvojiti sve SUHGPHWe NRMHMHSRORåLRVWXGHQW0DUNR0DUNRYLüLVO
189
Baze podataka
1DYHGHQH PDQH X UHODFLML ,VSLW VX RþLJOHGQH 'RYRGH GR NRPSOHNVQRVWL NRG
DåXULUDQMD D HYHQWXDOQL XSLWL EL PRJOL GD GDMX SRJUHãQH UH]XOWDWH 0HÿXWLP X
QDYHGHQRMUHODFLMLORãHVWUXNWXUH,VSLWSRVWRMHGYDGUDVWLþQDQHGRVWDWND
x $QRPDOLMDXQRãHQMDQHPRJXVHXQHWLSRGDFLRVWXGHQWXDGDVHSULWRPH
QHXQHVXSRGDFLREDUMHGQRPQMHJRYRPSRORåHQRPLVSLWX
x $QRPDOLMD XNODQMDQMD XNROLNR MH QHNL VWXGHQW SRORåLR VDPR MHGDQ LVSLW
XNODQMDQMHPSRGDWDNDRWRPMHGQRPLVSLWXNRMLMHSRODJDRVWXGHQWXNORQLOL
EL VH L VYL SRGDFL R VWXGHQWX EURM LQGHNVD HYHQWXDOQR DGUHVD NRQWDNW
WHOHIRQPHMOLVO
$QRPDOLMHXQRãHQMDLXNODQMDQMDVXRþLJOHGQHXORãLPãHPDPDUHODFLMDNRGED]D]D
SRVORYQHLQIRUPDFLRQHVLVWHPH8NROLNRVHXMHGQRMãHPLUHDOFLMHQDÿXLSRGDFLRURELL
SRGDFLRQMLKRYLPGREDYOMDþLPDDGUHVHNRQWDNWLWHOHIRQLPHMORYLLVOPRåHVHGHVLWL
GDVHQHPRåHXQHWLNRQWDNW]DQRYRJGREDYOMDþDVYHGRNRQQHLVSRUXþLQHNXNROLþLQX
UREH7DNRÿHDNRMHQDODJHUXUREHXQHNRPWUHQXWNXRVWDRVDPRMHGDQSURL]YRGRG
WRJ GREDYOMDþD QMHJRYRP SURGDMRP EULVDQMHP VD ODJHUD PRJX VH XNORQLWL L VYL
NRQWDNWSRGDFLRWRPGREDYOMDþX
8QDãHPSULPHUXGDELãHPDUHODFLMHELODGREUDSRWUHEQRMHGDVHLPHQDVWXGHQDWD
L QMHJRYL RVWDOL SRGDFL XQRVH VDPR MHGQRP QH]DYLVQR RG SRGDWDND R LVSLWLPD L
RFHQDPD 5D]PDWUDQLSUREOHPLVXSRVOHGLFDORãHVWUXNWXUHXãHPLUHODFLMH,VSLWNDRL
SRVHEQLKIXQNFLMVNLK]DYLVQRVWLNRMHSRVWRMHL]PHÿXNOMXþQLKLQHNOMXþQLKDWULEXWD
9.2 )81.&,21$/1$=$9,61267
)XQNFLRQDOQD]DYLVQRVWRSLVXMHRGQRVHL]PHÿXDWULEXWDXWDEHOLLSUHGVWDYOMDMHGDQ
RGJODYQLKNRQFHSDWDYH]DQLK]DQRUPDOL]DFLMX2VQRYQLUD]ORJ]ERJNRJDVHSULVWXSD
XRþDYDQMX IXQNFLRQDOQLK ]DYLVQRVWL ]D WDEHOX MH SRWUHED RGUHÿLYDQMD RJUDQLþHQMD ]D
RþXYDQMH LQWHJULWHWD 9HURYDWQR QDMYDåQLMH RJUDQLþHQMH ]D RþXYDQMH LQWHJULWHWD MH
XRþDYDQMH NOMXþHYD NDQGLGDWD RG NRMLK VH MHGDQ ELUD ]D SULPDUQL NOMXþ WDEHOH 8
SURFHVX QMLKRYRJ GHILQLVDQMD QDURþLWR MH ]QDþDMQR SURQDüL RQH IXQNFLjske ]DYLVQRVWL
NRMH YDåH ]D VYH PRJXüH YUHGQRVWL DWULEXWDMHGQH WDEHOHMHU RQH SUHGVWDYOMDMX WLSRYH
RJUDQLþHQMD]DRþXYDQMHLQWHJULWHWD7LSRYLRJUDQLþHQMD]DRþXYDQMHLQWHJULWHWDGHILQLãX
YUHGQRVWLNRMHWDEHODPRåHOHJLWLPQRGDSULPL
8 WRNX SURFHVD QRUPDOL]DFLMH DQDOL]LUD VH SRVHEQR VYDND UHODFLMD LGHQWLILNXMX VH
]DYLVQRVWL X UHODFLML L DNR MH SRWUHEQR SULVWXSD VH QRUPDOL]DFLML 1D RVQRYX
LGHQWLILNRYDQLK ]DYLVQRVWL SULVWXSD VH SRVWHSHQRP UDVWDYOMDQMX UHODFLMD X VHW QRYLK
UHODFLMDWDEHOD)XQNFLMVNH]DYLVQRVWLXUHODFLMDPDMHGHILQLVDRNDQDGVNLPDWHPDWLþDU
:LOOLDP : $UPVWURQJ X UDGX L] JRGLQH Dependency Structures of Data Base
Relationships 2YH ]DNRQLWRVWL VX SR]QDWH SRG QD]LYRP $rPVWURQJRYH DNVLRPH
UHIOHNWLYQRVW SUDYLOR XYHüDQMD WUDQ]LWLYQRVW XQLMD GHNRPSR]LFLMD SVHXGR-
WUDQ]LMHQWQRVW. 1D RVQRYX SRþHWQRJ VNXSD IXQNFLMVNLK ]DYLVQRVWL SRãWXMXüL
190
Baze podataka
$UPVWURQJRYHDNVLRPHPRJXVHL]YHVWLQRYHIXQNFLMVNH]DYLVQRVWLQDGMHGQRPãHPRP
UHODFLMH
8]URNSUREOHPDXSULPHUX
8SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUXGLVNXWRYDQLVXSUREOHPLVDãHPRPUHODFLMH
,VSLW%U,QG,PH3UH]LPH6LI32FHQD
8ãHPLUHODFLMH,VSLWGHILQLVDQMHSULPDUQLNOMXþNRJDþLQHGYDDWULEXWDEURMLQGHNVD
L ãLIUD SUHGPHWD NRML VH SRODåH %U,QG 6LI3 3UHPD VWULNWQLP SUDYLOLPD UHDOFLRQRJ
PRGHOD SRGDWDND VLJXUQR YDåL GD SULPDUQL NOMXþ QD MHGLQVWYHQ QDþLQ RGUHÿXMH VYDNL
]DSLVXUHDOFLMLSUHFL]QRRGUHÿXMHLPHLSUH]LPHVWXGHQWDLGRELMHQXRFHQXQDQHNRP
SUHGPHWX 3RUHG WRJD SR VYRMLP NDUDNWHULVWLNDPD SULPDUQL NOMXþ MH PLQLPDOQL VNXS
DWULEXWD NRML LPD WX RVRELQX 0HÿXWLP X UD]PDWUDQRP SULPHUX X ãHPL UHODFLMH ,VSLW
]QDVHGDVDPR%U,QGSUHFL]QRRGUHÿXMHLPHLSUH]LPHVWXGHQWDWMQLMHQDPSRWUHEQDL
YUHGQRVWDWULEXWD6LI3'DNOH
Ispit %U,QG,PH3UH]LPH6LI32FHQD
Slika 9.1: 6ODERVWãHPHUHODFLMH,VSLW
6YLSUREOHPLXãHPLUHDOFLMH,VSLWQDVWDMX]ERJWRJDãWRGHRSULPDUQRJNOMXþDUDGL
LVWRãWRLRQ%U,QGQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQRGUHÿXMHLPHLSUH]LPHVWXGHQWDXPHVWRãWRVH
]DWRNRULVWLNRPSOHWDQSULPDUQLNOMXþ%U,QG6LI38ãHPLUHODFLMH,VSLWSRVWRMLMHGQD
GRGDWQD IXQNFLMVND ]DYLVQRVW L]PHÿX DWULEXWD NRMD QLMH SUHGYLÿHQD UHODFLRQLP
PRGHORP 1H PRåH GHR SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD GD UDGL LVWR ãWR L RQ SRãWR MH SR GHILQLFLML
SULPDUQLNOMXþPLQLPDODQVNXSDWULEXWDVDVYRMVWYLPDMHGLQVWYHQRJRGUHÿLYDQMDåHOMHQH
YUHGQRVWLX]DSLVLPD
1DYHGHQD ]DYLVQRVW MH SULPHU W]Y pDUFLMDOQH IXQNFLMDVNH ]DYLVQRVWL JGH QHNL QH
NOMXþQLDWULEXWQH]DYLVLWRWDOQRRGYUHGQRVWLSULPDUQRJNOMXþDYHüRGQMHJRYRJGHOD.
2YD ]DYLVQRVW MH VXYLãQD L SRWUHEQR MH ãHPX UHODFLMH X NRMRM VH SRMDYOMXMH UDVWDYLWL
QRUPDOL]RYDWLNDNRELVHW]YSDUFLMDOQD]DYLVQRVWL]JXELOD
191
Baze podataka
Primer 2:
1HNDMHIRUPLUDQDSRVHEQDãHPDUHODFLMHNRMDREMHGLQMDYDSRGDWNHRSUHGPHWLPDL
VWXGLMVNLPSURJUDPLPD
3UHGPHW6LI31D]LY6LI631D]LY63
3UHWSRVWDYLPRGDMHRUJDQL]DFLMDSUHGPHWDLVWXGLMVNLKSURJUDPDWDNYDGDNDGD VH
XQHVHãLIUDSUHGPHWDRQDQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQRGUHÿXMHLQD]LYWRJSUHGPHWDLVWXGLMVNL
prRJUDP D VYDNL VWXGLMVNL SURJUDP LPD VYRMX ãLIUX 1D SULPHU DNR VH XQHVH ãLIUD
SUHGPHWD]D3URJUDPLUDQMH WRGHILQLãHVWLGLMVNLSURJUDPL]5DþXQDUVWYD$NRVHXQHVH
ãLIUDSUHGPHWD%DQNDUVWYRWRGHILQLãHVWXGLMVNLSURJUDPL](NRQRPLMHLWG1DUDYQRGD
je ovDNYDãHPDUHODFLMHORãDDOLüHQDPSRVOXåLWLGDVHSRNDåXGRGDWQHVODERVWLNRMHVH
PRJXMDYLWLXUDGXVDQMRP1HNDMHWUHQXWQLVDGUåDMUHODFLMH3UHGPHW
6LI3 Naziv 6LI63 NazivSP
BP Baze podataka SPR 5DþXQDUVWYR
BA %DQNDUVWYR 63( (NRQRPLMD
TP 7XUL]DPi prostor SPTH 7XUL]DPLKRWHOLMHUVWYR
RM 5DþXQDUVNHPUHåH SPR 5DþXQDUVWYR
K1 .ULSWRORJLMD SPR 5DþXQDUVWYR
.DGDELVHXRYDNYXWDEHOX]DKWHYDRXQRVQRYRJSUHGPHWDQSU3URJUDPVNLMH]LFL
XPHVWRGDVHVDPRXQHVHQRYL]DSLV þDNþHWLULSXWDELSRUHGWRJDPRUDOLGDXQHVHPR
635 5DþXQDUVWYR 3RUHG WRJD SUHFL]QR EL PRUDOL GD XQHVHPR YUHGQRVWL 635 i
5DþXQDUVWYR NDNR QH EL ED]X GRYHOL X QHNRQ]LVWHQWQR VWDQMH 3RUHG YLãHVWUXNRJ
XQRãHQMD SRGDWDND X UHODFLMX 3UHGPHW RYGH SRVWRML MHGQD VSHFLILþQD ]DYLVQRVW VYDNL
SXW NDGD VH NDR YUHGQRVW XQHVH 6LI63 QMRM RGJRYDUD MHGQD L VDPR MHGQD YUHGQRVW
1D]LY63*UDILþNLSULND]RYRJSUREOHPDMHVOHGHüL
3UHGPHWSLI31aziv6LI631D]LY63
Slika 9.2: 6ODERVWãHPHUHODFLMH3UHGPHW
192
Baze podataka
8 ãHPL UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW SRUHG WRJD ãWR 6LI3 NDR SULPDUQL NOMXþ QD MHGLQVWYHQ
QDþLQ RGUHÿXMH YUHGQRVWL VYLK ]DSLVD L YUHGQRVW QHNOMXþQRJ DWULEXWD 6LI63 QD
MHGLQVWYHQ QDþLQ RGUHÿXMH 1D]LY63 2YR QLMH X VNODGX VD GHILQLFLMRP UHODFLRQRJ
PRGHOD 2SLVQR EL VH X ãHPL UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW PRJOR UHüL GD MHGDQ QH NOMXþQL DWULEXW
UDGL LVWR ãWR L SULPDUQL NOMXþ L WR MHVWH VODERVW NRMX WUHED HOLPLQLVDWL 8 QDYHGHQRP
SULPHUX SRUHG XRþHQH VODERVWL PRåH VH L]YHVWL L MHGQD QRYD ]DYLVQRVW 1DLPH NDNR
6LI3NDRSULPDUQLNOMXþQDMHGLQVWYHQQDþLQRGUHÿXMH6LI63D6LI63RGUHÿXMH1D]LY63
]DNOMXþXMHVHGD1D]LY63WUDQ]LWLYQR]DYLVLRGSULPDUQRJNOMXþD1DYHGHQHWUDQ]LWLYQH
]DYLVQRVWL VH WUHWLUDMX W]Y WUHüRP QRUPDOQRP IRUPRP NRMD LPD ]D FLOM GD LK X
SRVWXSNXQRUPDOL]DFLMHHOLPLQLãH
9.3 326783$.1250$/,=$&,-(
1HND SROD]QD ãHPD UHODFLMH QLMH X RGUHÿHQRM QRUPDOQRM IRUPL DNR X VNXSX
IXQNFLMVNLK]DYLVQRVWL)SRVWRMLEDUMHGQDNRMDQDUXãDYDGHILQLFLMXQRUPDOQHIRUPH
8VYDNRPNRUDNXQRUPDOL]DFLMH
x 8RþDYDVHMHGQDWDNYD]DYLVQRVW;o<
x 9UãLVHGHNRPSR]LFLMDXFLOMXXNODQMDQMDWDNYH]DYLVQRVWL
x $NRMHXSROD]QRMYDåLOR;o<GHNRPSR]LFLMRPQDVWDMXGYHUHODFLMH8SUYRM
VHJXEHDWULEXWL<DGUXJDQDVWDMHQDGDWULEXWLPD;L<
x 1HGR]YROMDYDVHJXELWDNSRGDWDND
8SRVWXSNXQRUPDOL]DFLMHXRþDYDMXVHQHSRåHOMQHIXQNFLMVNH]DYLVQRVWLD]DWLPVH
VWURJR IRUPDOQLP SRVWXSNRP UDVWDYOMDQMD GRELMDMX QRYH ãHPH UHODFLMD NRMH QH VDGUåH
SRþHWQH QHåHOMHQH ]DYLVQRVWL 8 SRVWXSNX UDVWDYOMDQMD UHODFLMD YDåQRMHGDVH RþXYDMX
VYLDWULEXWLWMGDQHGRÿHGRQMLKRYRJJXELWND3RVWXSDNQRUPDOL]DFLMHMHGREDUDNRVH
L] UDVWDYOMHQLK ãHPD UHODFLMD PRåH UHNRQVWULVDWL SROD]QD 5HYHU]LELOQRVW RYRJ SURFHVD
VH SURYHUDYD SULPHQRP 'HNDUWRYRJ SURLYRGD L VSDMDQMHP SR ]DMHGQLþNLP DWULEXWLPD
1RUPDOL]DFLMD QLMH VDPR PHKDQLþNL SRVWXSDN 1DLPH SRVHEQD SDåQMD PRUD GD VH
SRVYHWLW]YSULURGQLP]DYLVQRVWLPD8SULPHUXNRMLMHUD]PDWUDQXRYRPSRJODYOMX
DWULEXW EURM LQGHNVD %U,QG PRUD XYHN GD SRND]XMH QD LPH L SUH]LPH VWXGHQWD 8
GDWRP SULPHUX RYD YH]D MH ELODVODERVW ãHPH UHODFLMH,VSLW DOL RYD YH]D MH SULURGQD L
QLNDGD VH QH VPH L]JXELWL 7DþQLMH ELOR NDNYLP UDVWDYOMDQMHP X MHGQRM RG
QRYRGRELMHQLKãHPDUHODFLMDSULURGQDIXQNFLMVND]DYLVQRVWPRUDELWLVDþXYDQD
.UDMQMLFLOMQRUPDOL]DFLMHMHQDMþHãüHWUHüDQRUPDOQDIRUPD8YHüLQLVOXþDMHYDRQD
SUHGVWDYOMD QDMEROML NRPSURPLV L]PHÿX HNVWUHPD NRML VH RGQRVH QD IXQNFLRQDOQRVW L
ODNRüX LPSOHPHQWDFLMH 1LYRL L]QDG 1) X SUDNVL PRJX GD LVNRPSOLNXMX GL]DMQ ED]H
SRGDWDNDGRWDþNHGDVPHWDMXIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL6YLQLYRLQRUPDOL]DFLMHVXNXPXODWLYQL
ãWR]QDþLGDED]DNRMDVHQDOD]LX1)WDNRÿHPRUDGDLVSXQMDYDLVYHXVORYH]DGDWH
SUYRPQRUPDOQRPIRUPRP
193
Baze podataka
3URFHVDQDOL]HãHPHUHODFLMHMHSURFHVSULPHQHVHULMHWHVWRYDQDãHPXUHODFLMHGDEL
VH SURYHULOR GD OL LVSXQMDYD VYD SUDYLOD GHILQLVDQD ]D RGUHÿHQX QRUPDOQX IRUPX
1RUPDOQHIRUPHSRPDåXSURMHNWDQWXED]HSRGDWDNDGDRVWYDULåHOMHQLNYDOLWHWUHODFLRQH
baze podataka.
9.3.1 3UYDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1)
3UYD QRUPDOQD IRUPD VH QH RGQRVL QD IXQNFLMVNH ]DYLVQRVWL YHü QD YUHGQRVWL
DWULEXWD NRMH PRUDMX GD EXGX DWRPVNH L PRUDMX GD EXGX VNDODUQRJ WLSD D QH
YHNWRUVNRJ $WRPVNH YUHGQRVWL VX WDNYH GD VH QH PRJX GDOMH GHOLWL RGQRVQR X
YUHGQRVWLPD VH QH VPHMX QDüL W]Y YLãHYUHGQRVQD ]QDþHQMD 1D SULPHU DNR MH
SURMHNWRYDQMHPãHPHUHODFLMHSUHGYLÿHQRGDVH]DYUHGQRVWDWULEXWDPRåHXQHWL%3
ãWR PRåH GD ]QDþL GD VH WR RGQRVL QD %D]H SRGDWDND NRMH VH UHDOL]XMX QD JRGLQL
VWXGLMD SUYD GYD NDUDNWHUD VX LGHQWLILNDFLMD SUHGPHWD D VOHGHüH GYH FLIUH VX JRGLQD
VWXGLMD RQGD MH WR QLMH X SUYRM QRUPDOQRM IRUPL /RãD SUDNVD MH GD VX LQIRUPDFLMH
SUDNWLþQRXSURJUDPLPDXPHVWRXED]DPDSRGDWDND
9HNWRUVNL DWULEXWL QLVX GR]YROMHQL SUYRP QRUPDOQRP IRUPRP 1D SULPHU ãHPD
UHODFLMH 3URIHVRU3UHGPHW ,G3URI ,PH^6LI3 Sati` QLMH X SUYRM QRUPDOQRM IRUPL
1DYHGHQD VWUXNWXUD ãHPH UHODFLMH 3URIHVRU3UHGPHW WUHED GD VDGUåL SRGDWNH R
SURIHVRULPD NRML SUHGDMX RGJRYDUDMXüH SUHGPHWH D VYDNL SUHGPHW LPD QHGHOMQL IRQG
þDVRYD,PDSURIHVRUDNRMLSUHGDMXVDPRMHGDQSUHGPHWQHNLSUHGDMXGYDDQHNLLYLãH
=ERJWRJD]DGDWXVWUXNWXUXãHPHUHODFLMHQHPLQRYQRMHGD]DSLVLEXGXSURPHQOMLYH
GXåLQHãWRQLMHGR]YROMHQRUHODFLRQLPPRGHORP5HODFLRQLPRGHOMHGHILQLVDQWDNRGD
RPRJXüDYD GLUHNWDQ SULVWXS SRGDFLPD L WLPH SRWSXQR RGJRYDUD RUJDQL]DFLML QD
VDYUHPHQLP HOHNWURQVNLP PHGLMXPLPD 2UJDQL]DFLMD SRGDWDND VD SURPHQOMLYRP
GXåLQRP ]DSLVD EL RGJRYDUDOD W]Y VHNYHQFLMDOQRP SULVWXSX SRGDFLPD L ]DVWDUHOLP
PDJQHWQLPPHPRULMVNLPPHGLMXPLPD
âHPDUHODFLMH5MHXSUYRMQRUPDOQRMIRUPLDNRLVDPRDNRGRPHQLUHODFLMH5VDGUåH
VDPR SURVWH DWRPVNH YUHGQRVWL 8 1) QLVX GR]YROMHQL YLãHYUHGQRVQL L NRPSR]LWQL
DWULEXWL L QMLKRYH NRPELQDFLMH WM QLVX GRSXãWHQH UHODFLMH X UHODFLMDPD LOL UHODFLMH NDR
DWULEXWLQ-torki.
Primer âHPD UHODFLMH 3URIHVRU3UHGPH t,G3URI ,PH ^6LI3 6DWL` VDGUåL

XJQMHåGHQX ãHPX UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW âLI36DWL 8 RULJLQDOX RQD VLJXUQR QLMH X SUYRM
QRUPDOQRMIRUPL1HNDVX WUHQXWQLSRGDFLWDNYLGD0DUNRSUHGDMHWULSUHGPHWD3HWDU
GYD D -DQNR MHGDQ Ovakvo UHãHQMH SRGUD]XPHYD SURPHQOMLYX GXåLQX VORJD WH MH
RQHPRJXüHQ UDG VD GLUHNWQLP SULVWXSRP $NR EL VH XQDSUHG ILNVLUDOD GXåLQD VORJD
RJUDQLþLR ELVH PDNVLPDOQL EURM SUHGPHWD NRML PRåH GD SUHGDMHMHGDQ SURIHVRU8SLWL
QDGRYDNYRPUHODFLMRPVXSUDNWLþQRQHPRJXüL
194
Baze podataka
-0%* Ime SifP Sati

123 Marko P1 3
P3 2
P5 2
222 Petar P3 2
P4 4
333 -DQNR P1 3
7DEHOD9.1: 5HODFLMD3URIHVRU3UHGPHWNRMDQLMHX1)
'DELRYDãHPDUHODFLMHELODX1)QDGQMRPVHGHILQLãHUHODFLMD XNRMRMQHPLQRYQR
GROD]L GR SRQDYOMDQMD YUHGQRVWL DWULEXWD =DSLVL VX ILNVQH GXåLQH D X VYDNRM üHOLML
SRVWRMLYUHGQRVW8QHVHQHYUHGQRVWLVXVNDODUQRJWLSD
-0%* Ime SifP Sati

123 Marko P1 3
123 Marko P3 2
123 Marko P5 2
222 Petar P3 2
222 Petar P4 4
333 -DQNR P1 3
7DEHOD9.2: 5HODFLMD3URIHVRU3UHGPHWX1)
'RELMHQDãHPDUHODFLMHMHVWHXSUYRMQRUPDOQRMIRUPLDOLLGDOMHLPDORãXVWUXNWXUX
1DLPH DWULEXW 6LI3 NDR GHR SULPaUQRJ NOXþD ãHPH UHODFLMH 3URIHVRU3UHGPHW QD
MHGLQVWYHQ QDþLQRGUHÿXMHDWULEXW6DWLãWRMHW]YSDUFLMDOQDIXQNFLMVND]DYLVQRVW2YX
]DYLVQRVWWUHWLUDVOHGHüDGUXJDQRUPDOQDIRUPD
9.3.2 'UXJDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1)
'UXJD QRUPDOQDIRUPD VHED]LUD QD NRQFHSWX potpune funkcijske zavisnosti âHPD

UHODFLMHXGUXJRMQRUPDOQRMIRUPLDNRVYLDWULEXWLHQWLWHWDNRMLQLVXSULPDUQLNOMXþHYL
]DYLVHWRWDOQRRGFHORJSULPDUQRJNOMXþD'UXJLPUHþLPDQHGR]YROMDYDMXVHSDUFLMDOQH
]DYLVQRVWLQHNRJQHNOMXþQRJDWULEXWDRGELORNRJNDQGLGDWNOMXþDGDWHãHPHUHODFLMH.
'UXJDQRUPDOQDIRUPDVHRGQRVLQDWDEHOHVDVORåHQLPNOMXþHYLPDWMWDEHOHþLMLVH
SULPDUQLNOMXþHYLVDVWRMHL]GYDLOLYLãHDWULEXWD7DEHODþLMLSULPDUQLNOMXþVDGUåLVDPR
MHGDQ DWULEXW MH DXWRPDWVNL X QDMPDQMH 1) 8 WDEHOL NRMD QLMH X 1) PRJX GD VH
SRMDYHDQRPDOLMHDåXULUDQMD7DEHODMHX1)DNRMHX1)LDNRMHVYDNLDWULEXWNRML
QLMHSULPDUQLNOMXþSRWSXQRIXQNFLRQDOQR]DYLVDQRGSULPDUQRJNOMXþD
195
Baze podataka
1DSULPHU]DãHPXUHODFLMH
3URIHVRU3UHGPHW,G3URI6LI3,PH6DWL
8RþDYDMXVHVOHGHüHIXQNFLMVNH]DYLVQRVWL
^,G3URI6LI3o,PH6DWL`- VXSHUNOMXþQD]DYLVQRVW
^6LI3oSati` - SDUFLMDOQD]DYLVQRVW
8 SRVWXSNX QRUPDOL]DFLMH SUYR VH HOLPLQLãH SDUFLMDOQD ]DYLVQRVW WDNR ãWR RG QMH
QDVWDMH QRYD ãHPD UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW6LI3 6DWL L] SUHWKRGQH ãHPH UHODFLMH VH JXEL
atriEXW 6DWLD QD NUDMXRVWDMH 3URIHVRU3UHGPHW ,GSURI 6LI3 ,PH 8 QRYRGRELMHQLP
ãHPDPD UHODFLMD QHPD QHSRJRGQLK IXQNFLMVNLK ]DYLVQRVWL D ãHPD UHODFLMH 3UHGPHW MH
VDþXYDODSULURGQXIXQNFLMVNX]DYLVQRVWGD3UHGPHWRGUHÿXMHEURM6DWL
9.3.3 7UHüDQRUPDOQDIRUPD1)
.RGãHPDUHODFLMDNRMHVXQRUPDOL]RYDQHGR1)XUHODFLMDPD PRJXGDVHSRMDYH
DQRPDOLMH DåXULUDQMD ]ERJ tranzitivnih zavisnosti NRMH VH PRUDMX XNORQLWL L] WDEHOH
SRVWXSNRPQRUPDOL]DFLMHGR1)
7UDQ]LWLYQD ]DYLVQRVW MH VWDQMH X NRPH VX $ % L & DWULEXWL WDEHOH WDNYL GD DNR
AJJB (B je funkcionalno zavisno od A) i BJ&(C je funkcionalno zavisno od B)RQGD
MH&tranzitivno zavisno od A preko B.
âHPD UHODFLMH MH X 1) DNR MH X 1) L X 1) L DNR X QMRM QH SRVWRML QL MHGQD
IXQNFLMVND ]DYLVQRVW SR NRMRM QHNL QH NOMXþQL DWULEXW WUDQ]LWLYQR ]DYLVQL RG ELOR NRJ
NDQGLGDWNOMXþDãWRVHQDUDYQRRGQRVLLQD]DYLVQRVWRGSULPDUQRJNOMXþD.
1RUPDOL]DFLMD ãHPH UHODFLMH NRMD QLMH X ,,, QRUPDOQRM IRUPL VH YUãL XNODQMDQMHP
WUDQ]LWLYQLK ]DYLVQRVWL WM WUDQ]LWLYQR ]DYLVQL DWULEXWL VH L]PHãWDMX X QRYX WDEHOX
3RVWXSDN QRUPDOL]DFLMHMHLVWL NDR L NRG SUHWKRGQRJ SRVWXSND VD QRUPDOL]DFLMRP NRG
GUXJH QRUPDOQH IRUPH 8RþDYD VH WUDQ]LWLYQD ]DYLVQRVW RG DWULEXWD NRML XþHVWYXMX X
QMRM VH IRUPLUD QRYD UHODFLMD D DWULEXWL NRML VX ELOL WUDQ]LWLYQR ]DYLVQL VH JXEH L]
SUHWKRGQHUHODFLMH=DWLPVHRWNODQMDMXLRVWDOH]DYLVQRVWL1DNUDMXVYHGRELMHQHãHPH
UHODFLMDVXXWUHüRMQRUPDOQRMIRUPLDWLPHVXVLJXUQRLXGUXJRMQRUPDOQRMIRUPL3UYD
QRUPDOQDIRUPDVHSRGUD]XPHYD
9.3.4 %R\FH-CodGQRUPDOQDIRUPD%&1)
'UXJD L WUHüD QRUPDOQD IRUPD HOLPLQLãX SDUFLMDOQH L WUDQ]LWLYQH ]DYLVQRVWL ]D

SULPDUQH NOMXþHYH 0HÿXWLP X 1) PRJX GD SRVWRMH L WUDQ]LWLYQH ]DYLVQRVWL ]D
196
Baze podataka
NOMXþHYH NDQGLGDWH SD MH VWRJD SURPRYLVDQD VWURåD QRUPDOQD IRUPD SR]QDWD NDo
Boyce-Codd normalna forma (BCNF)NRMDHOLPLQLãHGRGDWQHWUDQ]LWLYQH]DYLVQRVWL.
'D EL VH RGUHGLOR GD OL MH WDEHOD X %&1) SRWUHEQR MH GD VYH XRþHQH IXQFLMVNH
]DYLVQRVWL;o<EXGXWULYLMDOQH<;LOLVXSHUNOMXþQH;o5
âHPDUHODFLMH VHWUDQVIRUPLãHX%&1)WDNRãWRVHYUãLQMHQDGHNRPSR]LFLMDQDGYH
LOL YLãH QRYLK ãHPD 0HÿXWLP SRQHNDG QLMH SRåHOMQR QRUPDOL]RYDWL ãHPX GR %&1)
]DWR ãWR VH RYDNYRP QRUPDOL]DFLMRP PRJX L]JXELWL QHNH SULURGQH IXQNFLMVNH
]DYLVQRVWL.DRãWRVPRUHNOLXWDNYLPVOXþDMHYLPDVHXVDPRPNRGXPRUDMXSRVWDYLWL
RGJRYDUDMXüD RJUDQLþHQMD NDNR VH ED]D SRGDWDND X WRNX DåXULUDQMD QH EL GRYHOD X
QHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWDQMH
9.4 '(1250$/,=$&,-$
'HQRUPDOL]DFLMDMHSUHYRÿHQMHWDEHOHXVODELMXQRUPDOQXIRUPX=DUD]OLNXRGãHPD
reODFLMHORãHVWUXNWXUHLSUDYLOLPD]DQRUPDOL]DFLMXRYGHMHUHþRQDPHUQRPVPDQMHQMX
QRUPDOL]DFLMH - QDMþHãüH ]ERJ SHUIRUPDQVL DHQRUPDOL]DFLMa MHU SURFHV koji PRåH
dovede GR DQRPDOLMD .DNR EL VH DQRPDOLMH L]EHJOH QHRSKRGQR MH GD VH SRVWDYH
RJUDQLþHQMDX VRIWYHULPD]DXQRVSRGDWDND
$NR ED]D UDGL VD VODELP SHUIRUPDQVDPD WR QH PRUD XYHN GD ]QDþL GD MH WUHED
GHQRUPDOL]RYDWL 0RåGD MH SRWUHEQR UHGL]DMQLUDQMH ED]H SRGDWDND ]ERJ SRJUHãQR
RVPLãOMHQRJPRGHODNRMLQHPRåHGDSRQXGL]DKWHYDQHSHUIRUPDQVH'HQRUPDOL]DFLMD
ED]HQHPRUDGD]QDþLSREROMãDQMHNDUDNWHULVWLND3UREOHPLþHVWRPRJXRVWDWLLVWLNDR
UDQLMH3RãWRGHQRUPDOL]DFLMD]QDþLSURPHQXVWUXNWXUHED]HSRGDWDNDPRJXüHMHGDVH
SRNYDULSRVWRMHüDIXQNFLRQDOQRVWVLVWHPDLOLQDSUDYLWLSUREOHPHXL]YHãWDYDQMXYDåQL
XSLWL PRJX SRþHWL UDGLWL VSRUR XVOHG SURPHQH ýDN L DNR SHUIRUPDQVH QLVX RãWHüHQH
L]PHQDPD PRåH GRüL GR DQRPDOLMD XQRVD L]PHQH L EULVDQMD þLPH VH XJURåDYD
UHIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW ED]H 8 WRP VOXþDMX PRUDMX VH NUHLUDWL RJUDQLþHQMD NRMD
obezbHÿXMX UHIHUHQFLMDOQL LQWHJULWHW XPHVWR GD YHüLQD SUREOHPD EXGH UHãHQD
QRUPDOL]DFLMRP
3UHGQRVWLQRUPDOL]DFLMH
x 6PDQMHQMHIL]LþNRJSURVWRUD]DVPHãWDQMHSRGDWDNDQHPDUHGXGDQVH
x %ROMDRUJDQL]DFLMDSRGDWDNDQHPDQHåHOMHQLKIXQNFLMVNLK]DYLVQRVWLQHPD
aQRPDOLMDDåXULUDQMD
x 3URPHQHSRGDWDNDVHUDGHQDQLYRXVDPRMHGQRJ]DSLVD
197
Baze podataka
0DQHQRUDPDOL]DFLMH
x )L]LþNL SURVWRU QD GLVNX MH GDQDV MHIWLQ L SRVWDMH VYH PDQMH ELWDQ L]X]HY
PRåGDNRGYHOLNLKskladišta podataka – Data :DUHKRXVH
x 1RUPDOL]DFLMRP VH GRELMD YHOLNL EURM PDOLK ãHPD UHODFLMD – PLQLPL]DFLMD
NRMHNDUDNWHULãHW]YYLVRNDJUDQXODUQRVW.GRWDNYLKUHODFLMDVH64/-2,1
XSLWLYHRPDVSRURL]YUãDYDMX
x 1DNRQ QRUPDOL]DFLMH GRELMDMX VH UHODFLMH NRMH NDUDNWHULãH YLVRND
NRPSOHNQRVWVDVWDQRYLãWDGL]DMQHUDLSURJUDPHUD1DNQDGQHLVSUDYNHNRGD
VHXVORåQMDYDMX
198
Baze podataka
10 75$16$.&,-(
'DQDV MH YHRPD ELWDQ L ]QDþDMDQ NRQFHSW ED]H SRGDWDND SR NRPH MH WR X VWYDUL
]DMHGQLþNL UHVXUV NRJD LVWRYUHPHQR NRQNXUHQWQR NRULVWL YHüL EURM SURJUDPD MHU VH
SUDYL HIHNWL ED]H SRGDWDND LVSROMDYDMX NDGD VH UDGL X PUHåQRP RNUXåHQMX '%06 MH
XSUDYR WX GD XSUDYOMD NRQNXUHQWQLP UDGRP YLãH NRULVQLND i da REH]EHÿXMH
VLQKURQL]DFLMXQMLKRYRJUDGD
7DNRÿH '%06 LPD IXQNFLMX GD VSUHþL ãWHWQH SRVOHGLFH QDUXãHQ LQWHJULWHW ED]H
QHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWDQMH ED]HSULSURPHQDPDWUDQVDNFLMDPDNRMHVHYUãHQDGED]RP
SRGDWDNDXYLãHNRULVQLþNRPRNUXåHQMXD]DWRNRULVWLWHKQLNH]DNOMXþDYDQMDSRGDWDND
YUHPHQVNRJ PDUNLUDQMD RGODJDQMD L VOLþQR 'DOMH X WRP VPLVOX SRVHEQR MH ]QDþDMQR
XSUDYOMDQMHLVWRYUHPHQLP NRQNXUHQWQLPWUDQVDNFLMDPD
%D]H SRGDWDND NRQWLQXLUDQR VNODGLãWH LQIRUPDFLMH NRMH RSLVXMX WUHQXWQR VWDQMH
RUJDQL]DFLMH 1D SULPHU ED]D SRGDWDND EDQNH VNODGLãWL WUHQXWQL ELODQV QD VYDNRP
UDþXQX GHSRQHQWD .DGD VH X VWYDUQRP VYHWX GRJRGL QHãWR ãWR PHQMD VWDQMH
RUJDQL]DFLMHPRUDGDVHXUDGLRGJRYDUDMXüDSURPHQDLQIRUPDFLMDXED]LSRGDWDND6D
GRVWXSQLP '%06-RP RYH SURPHQH VH GHãDYDMX X UHDOQRP YUHPHQX X] SRPRü
SURJUDPD NRML VH QD]LYDMXWUDQVDNFLMH NRMH GHOXMX NDGD GRÿH GR SURPHQD X VWYDUQRP
VYHWX 1D SULPHU NDGD NOLMHQW VWDYOMD QRYDF X EDQNX GRJDÿDM X VWYDUQRP VYHWX
L]YUãDYDVHWUDQVDNFLMDGHSR]LWD6YDNDWUDQVDNFLMDPRUDELWLXUHÿHQDWDNRGDRGUåDYD
SUHFL]QRVW YH]H L]PHÿX VWDQMD ED]H SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMH NRMH MH NUHLUD L VWYDUQRJ
VYHWD 3RUHG WRJD ãWR PHQMD VWDQMH ED]H SRGDWDND WUDQVDNFLMD VDPD SR VHEL PRåH GD
LQLFLUD QHNH GRJDÿDMH X VWYDUQRP VYHWX 1D SULPHU L]GYRMHQD WUDQVDNFLMD NRG
EDQNRPDWDLQLFLUDGRJDÿDMRGOLYDQRYFD
2GREUDYDQMH NUHGLWQH NDUWLFH MH VDPR MHGDQ SULPHU WUDQVDNFLMH NRMD PRåH Eiti
VSURYHGHQD]DYUHPHQSUJRGLãQMHJRGPRUDXLQRVWUDQVWYX3ULSUHPH]DOHWXNOMXþXMX
WUDQVDNFLMXVDED]RPSRGDWDND]DUH]HUYDFLMXNDUDWDSUROD]RPNUR]SDVRãNXNRQWUROX
QD DHURGURP XNOMXþXMHPR L WUDQVDNFLMX VD ED]RP SRGDWDND LPLJUDFLRQH VOXåEH D VD
prLMDYOMLYDQMHP X KRWHOX XNOMXþLOL VPR L WUDQVDNFLMX VD KRWHOVNRP ED]RP SRGDWDND ]D
UH]HUYDFLMH VRED ýDN L WHOHIRQVNL SR]LY NRML VH REDYL L] WHOHIRQVNH VREH XNOMXþXMH
WUDQVDNFLMXVDKRWHOVNRPED]RPSRGDWDND]DMHGQRVDPHÿXQDURGQLPSUHQRVQLNRPNRML
XVSRVWDYOMDYH]X'UXJLSULPHULWUDQVDNFLMDNRMHVHUHGRYQRVSURYRGHXVYDNRGQHYQRP
åLYRWXXNOMXþXMXLEDQNRPDWHVNHQHUVLVWHPXVXSHUPDUNHWXSULMDYHQDXQLYHU]LWHWLPD
i sl.
8 YHüLQL DSOLNDFLMD ED]H SRGDWDND VH NRULVWH NDNR EL VH PRGHORYDOR VWDQMH QHNRJ
VWYDUQRJ SUHGX]HüD 8 WDNYLP DSOLNDFLMDPD WUDQVDNFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD SURJUDP NRML
SRVUHGXMHVDED]RPSRGDWDNDWDNRGDSRGUåDYDVODJDQMHVWDQMDSUHGX]HüDLVWDQMDED]H
SRGDWDND 3UDNWLþQR UHþHQR WUDQVDNFLMD DåXULUD ED]X SRGDWDND WDNR GD SULND]XMH
GRJDÿDMH NRML VX VH RGUD]LOL QD VWDQMH VWYDUQRJ SUHGX]HüD -HGDQ SULPHU EL ELOD
WUDQVDNFLMD SRODJDQMD QRYFD X EDQNX .OLMHQW GDMH EODJDMQLNX QRYDF NDR GHSR]LW
7UDQVDNFLMRPVHDåXULUDLQIRUPDFLMDRUDþXQXNOLMHQWDX%3NDNRELVHSULND]DRGHSR]LW
199
Baze podataka
10.1 '(),1,&,-$75$16$.&,-(
2ELþQR VH WUDQVDNFLMRP QD]LYD QL] RSHUDFLMD QDG ED]RP SRGDWDND NRML RGJRYDUD
MHGQRMORJLþNRMMHGLQLFLSRVODXUHDOQRPVLVWHPX9DåQRMHLVWDüLGDWDORJLþNDMHGLQLFD
SRVOD VH L]YUãDYD GR NUDMD LOL VH SRQLãWDYD X FHOLQL 'UXJLP UHþLPD ]DKWHYD VH GD
WUDQVDNFLMD EXGHDWRPVNDQHGHOMLYDLGDVYHLQVWUXNFLMHMHGQHWUDQVDNFLMHPRUDMXELWL
L]YUãHQH LOL QLMHGQD 8 WRP VPLVOX WUDQVDNFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD RVQRYQX SURJUDPVNX
MHGLQLFXNRMRPVHREH]EHÿXMHRþXYDQMHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWLED]H
1DUDYQR X MHGQRP WUHQXWNX QDG ED]RP SRGDWDND VH PRåH L]YUãDYDWL YLãH
WUDQVDNFLMD L LPDMXüL X YLGX JRUH UHþHQR WUDQVDNFLRQD REUDGD R]QDþDYD JUXSLVDQMH
L]PHQD VDGUåDMD ED]H SRGDWDND X ÄSDNHW³ NRML VH SRWRP REUDÿXMH NDR QHUDVNLGLYD
FHOLQD2EUDGDVHXYHNRGYLMDWDNRGDVHXVSHãQRL]YUãHLOLVYHWUDQVDNFLMHLOLQLMHGQD
RGQMLK
7UDQVDNFLRQD REUDGD MH NRULVQD X DSOLNDFLMDPD X NRMLPD MHGQD DNFLMD PRUD GD VH
L]YUãL X YH]L VD MHGQRP LOL YLãH GUXJLK DNFLMD 7UDQVDNFLRQD REUDGD MH XRELþDMHQD X
EDQNDUVNLPUDþXQRYRGVWYHQLPLPQRJLPGUXJLPDSOLNDFLMDPD
1D SULPHU NDGD X QHNRM DSOLNDFLML ]D EDQNDUVNR SRVORYDQMH SUHPHãWDPR L]QRV VD
MHGQRJUDþXQDQDGUXJLQHELVPRåHOHOLGDVWDQMHQDMHGQRPUDþXQXSRYHüDPRDGDJD
SUL WRP QD GUXJRP UDþXQX QH VPDQMLPR =DWR üHPR WH GYH L]PHQH JUXSLVDWL X MHGQX
WUDQVDNFLMX
7UDQVDNFLRQD REUDGDMH L]X]HWQR YDåQD X YLãHNRULVQLþNLP DSOLNDFLMDPD .DGD YLãH

NRULVQLNDLVWRYUHPHQRXQRVLL]PHQHXED]XSRGDWDNDYLãHVHQHPRåHPRSRX]GDWLXWR
GDüHXYHNMHGQDL]PHQDELWLWUDMQRXSLVDQDXED]XSUHQHJRãWR]DSRþQHQDUHGQDRVLP
ako oGUHÿHQX JUXSX L]PHQD QH ÄXRNYLULPR³ X WUDQVDNFLMX =ERJ WRJD EL X
YLãHNRULVQLþNRPRNUXåHQMXWUHEDORGDNRULVWLPRWUDQVDNFLRQXREUDGX
10.2 262%,1(75$16$.&,-$
6YHWUDQVDNFLMHLPDMXVOHGHüHRVRELQH
x DWRPQRVWDWRPLFLW\
x NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWFRQVLVWHQF\
x L]RODFLMDL]RODWLRQ
x WUDMQRVWGXUDELOLW\
Atomnost SRGUD]XPHYD VNXS DNWLYQRVWLQDG ED]RP SRGDWDND SR SULQFLSX ÄVYHLOL
QLãWD³,OLVXVYHDNWLYQRVWLXVSHãQRREDYOMHQHLOLMHED]DSRGDWDNDRVWDODQHSURPHQMHQD
'%06 SRUHG DWRPQRVWL WUDQVDNFLMD PRUD GD JDUDQWXMH DWRPQRVW VYDNH DNWLYQRVWL
SRMHGLQDþQH RSHUDFLMH 3ULPHWLPR GD RELþQL SURJUDPL QH PRUDMX LPDWL RVRELQX
DWRPQRVWL 1SU DNRMH VLVWHP SDR XWUHQXWNX GRNMHSURJUDP DåXULUDR QHNL IDMO NDGD
200
Baze podataka
VPRSRGLJOLVLVWHPIDMOMHRVWDRGHOLPLþQRSURPHQMHQ$WRPQRVWL]YUãHQMD]QDþLGDMH
VYDNDWUDQVDNFLMDLOLSRWYUÿHQDLOLVPRRGXVWDOLRGQMH
Konzistentnost ]QDþL GD WUDQVDNFLMD WUHED GD SUHYHGH ED]X SRGDWDND L] MHGQRJ X
GUXJR NRQ]LVWHQWQR VWDQMH =D YUHPH REDYOMDQMD WUDQVDNFLMH NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW ED]H
SRGDWDNDPRåHGDEXGHQDUXãHQD8NROLNRXWRNXWUDQVDNFLRQHREUDGHGRÿHGRJUHãNH
SRGDFL PRUDMX ELWL YUDüHQL X VWDQMH SUH SRþHWND WUDQVDNFLMH 7UDQVDNFLMRP VH PRUD
SULVWXSDWLLDåXULUDWL%3WDNRGDVYDRJUDQLþHQMDLQWHJULWHWD%3RVWDQX]DãWLüHQD6YDND
UHDOQD RUJDQL]DFLMD MH RUJDQL]RYDQR X RGQRVX QD RGUHÿHQD SUDYLOD NRMD RJUDQLþDYDMX
PRJXüDVWDQMDRUJDQL]DFLMH
1SUEURMVWXGHQDWDSULMDYOMHQLK]DQDVWDYXQHPRåHSUHüLEURMPHVWDQDPHQMHQLK]D
WXQDVWDYX.DGDWDNYRSUDYLORSRVWRMLPRJXüDVWDQMD%3VXRJUDQLþHQDQDLVWLQDþLQ
2JUDQLþHQMDLQWHJULWHWDXRGQRVXQDSRPHQXWDSUDYLODSRWYUÿXMXGDEURMUHJLVWURYDQLK
VWXGHQDWDNRMLVHXQRVLXSROMH%3QHVPHGDSUHÿHYUHGQRVWSROMD%3NRMDRGJRYDUD
YHOLþLQLVDOH'DNOHNDGDVHWUDQVDNFLMDUHJLVWUDFLMH]DYUãL%3PRUDGD]DGRYROMLRYR
RJUDQLþHQMH LQWHJULWHWD SUHWSRVWDYOMDMXüL GD MH RJUDQLþHQMH ]DGRYROMHQR QD SRþHWNX
WUDQVDNFLMH
Izolacija ]QDþLGDNDGDVHGYHLOLYLãHWUDQVDNFLMDL]YUãDYDMXLVWRYUHPHQRQMLKRYL
HIHNWL PRUDMX ELWL PHÿXVREQR L]RORYDQL (IHNWL NRMH L]D]RYX WUDQVDNFLMH NRMH VH
REDYOMDMX LVWRYUHPHQR PRUDMX ELWL MHGQDNL HIHNWLPD QHNRJ QMLKRYRJ VHULMVNRJ MHGQD
SRVOHGUXJHL]YUãHQMD=ERJSRYHüDQMDSDUDOHOL]PDXREUDGLWUDQVDNFLMDGR]YROMDYDMX
VHUD]OLþLWLQLYRLL]RORYDQRVWL
3ULOLNRP UDVSUDYH R NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL %3 XVUHGVUHGLOL VPR VH QD HIHNDW MHGQH
WUDQVDNFLMH6OHGHüHãWRüHPRLVSLWLYDWLMHHIHNDWQL]DWUDQVDNFLMD5HNOLVPRGDVHQL]
WUDQVDNFLMD L]YRGL VHNYHQFLMDOQR LOL VHULMVNL DNR VH MHGQD WUDQVDNFLMD QL]D L]YUãL SUH
QHJR ãWR GUXJD SRþQH 'REUD VWUDQD NRG VHULMVNRJ L]YUãDYDQMD MH GD DNR VX VYH
WUDQVDNFLMHNRQ]LVWHQWQHLED]DSRGDWDNDMHLQLFLMDOQRXNRQ]LVWHQWQRPVWDQMX6HULMVNR
L]YUãDYDQMH þXYD NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW .DGD SUYD WUDQVDNFLMD QL]D ]DSRþQH %3 MH X
NRQ]LVWHQWQRP VWDQMX D V RE]LURP GD MH WUDQVDNFLMD NRQ]LVWHQWQD L QDNRQ QMHQRJ
L]YUãHQMD %3 üH ELWL X NRQ]LVWHQWQRP VWDQMX =ERJ WRJD ãWR MH %3 NRQ]LVWHQWQD SUH
SRþHWNDGUXJHWUDQVDNFLMHLGUXJDüHVHREDYLWLNRUHNWQR
6HULMVNR L]YUãDYDQMH MH DGHNYDWQR ]D DSOLNDFLMH þLML VX ]DKWHYL VNURPQL 0HÿXWLP
PQRJHDSOLNDFLMHLPDMXVWURJH]DKWHYHYUHPHQDRG]LYDL SULVWXSDLþHVWRMHGLQLQDþLQ
GDVH]DKWHYL]DGRYROMHMHNRQNXUHQWQRL]YUãDYDQMHWUDQVDNFLMD0RGHUQLVLVWHPLPRJX
GD LVWRYUHPHQR L]YUãDYDMX YLãH RG MHGQH WUDQVDNFLMH D RYDM PHWRG L]YUãDYDQMD
QD]LYDPR NRQNXUHQWQLP .RQNXUHQWQR L]YUãDYDQMHMH DGHNYDWQR NDGD VH VLVWHPRP ]D
REUDGX WUDQVDNFLMD VOXåL YLãH NRULVQLND 8 WRP VOXþDMX ELüH GRVWD DNWLYQLK GHOLPLþQR
]DYUãHQLKWUDQVDNFLMDXVYDNRPWUHQXWNX.DGDVHWUDQVDNFLMHL]YUãDYDMXNRQNXUHQWQR
NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW VYDNH RG QMLK QLMH GRYROMQD GD REH]EHGL GD ED]D SRVOH L]YUãHQMD REH
WUDQVDNFLMHXSRWSXQRVWLSULND]XMHVWDQMHSUHGX]HüD
201
Baze podataka
Trajnost ]QDþLGDNDGDVHWUDQVDNFLMD]DYUãLSRWYUÿHQHSURPHQHQMHQLHIHNWLQH

PRJXELWLL]JXEOMHQLþDNLDNRVHQHSRVUHGQRSRQMHQRPRNRQþDQMXGHVLQHNLR]ELOMDQ
RWND] VLVWHPD OvaM ]DKWHY VLVWHPD ]D REUDGX WUDQVDNFLMD RGQRVL VH QD WR GD VH
LQIRUPDFLMH QH L]JXEH 6LVWHP PRUD GD RVLJXUD GD WUDQVDNFLMD NRMD MH MHGQRP
SRWYUÿHQDVYRMHIHNDWSUHQHVHQD%3SDþDNLDNRNRPSMXWHULOLPHGLMXPQDNRMHPMH
%3VPHãWHQDL]QHQDGDSUHVWDQHGa radi.
1SU DNR VWH VH XVSHãQR SULMDYLOL ]D NXUV RþHNXMHWH GD VLVWHP ]DSDPWL YDãX
UHJLVWUDFLMXSDþDNLDNRSRVOHWRJDSUHVWDQHGDUDGL0RåHPRGDSULPHWLPRGDRELþQL
SURJUDPL QH PRUDMX LPDWL RVRELQX WUDMQRVWL 1SU DNR VH SRMDYH SUREOHPL SRãWR MH
SURJUDP L]YUãLR SURPHQX QHNRJ IDMOD IDMO PRåH ELWL YUDüHQ X VWDQMH SUH L]YUãHQH
SURPHQH
10.3 &200,7,52//%$&.
2EH]EHÿHQMHACID DNURQLPRGUHþLAtomicityConsistencyIsolationDurability
RVRELQDWUDQVDNFLMHVHUDGLXSRWUHERPRGUHÿHQLKPHWRGDLLQVWUXNFLMD
x trDQVDNFLMDSRþLQMHVD%(*,175$16$&7,21
x ]DYUãDYDVHVD&200,7þLPHVHSRWYUÿXMXSURPHQHXED]LSRGDWDNDDNRVX
VYHLQVWUXNFLMHXVSHãQRL]YUãHQH
x ]DYUãDYDVHVD52//%$&.DNRVYHLQVWUXNFLMHQLVXXVSHãQR]DYUãHQH
8 VWYDUL SRVWXSDN WUDQVDNFLMH SRþLQMH SR]LYDQMHP PHWRGH BeginTrans þLPH VH
R]QDþDYD SRþHWDN QL]D RSHUDFLMD NRMH þLQH MHGQX ORJLþNX MHGLQLFX 0HWRGD
CommitTrans SUHX]LPD VYH L]PHQH QDþLQMHQH RG SRVOHGQMHJ PHVWD QD NRPH MH ELOD
SR]YDQD PHWRGD BeginTrans L XSLVXMH LK QD GLVN 0HWRGD RollbackTrans dHOXMH QD
VXSURWDQ QDþLQ RG CommitTrans – RQD SRQLãWDYD VYH L]PHQH L YUDüD VWDQMH NDNYR MH
ELORSUHSRVOHGQMHJSR]LYDPHWRGHCommitTrans.
68%3 LQLFLUD L] ELOR NRJ UD]ORJD 52//%$&. LQVWUXNFLMX DNR GRÿH GR
QHSODQLUDQRJ]DYUãHWNDWUDQVDNFLMH
6 RE]LURP GD MHGDQ SURJUDP PRåH SUHGVWDYOMDWL NROHNFLMX WUDQVDNFLMD WUDQVDNFLMH

PRJXELWLLXJQMHåGHQH8WRPVOXþDMX&200,7LQVWUXNFLMDVHL]YUãDYDRGQDMQLåHJ
GR QDMYLãHJ QLYRD D GRYROMQR MH GD VH 52//%$&. SRMDYL VDPR QD MHGQRP PHVWX L
SRQLãWDYDMXVHSURPHQHVYLKWUDQVDNFLMD
68%3 SRVHGXMH L RGUåDYD GQHYQLN WUDQVDNFLMD WM GQHYQLN DNWLYQRVWL log file=D
VYDNXWUDQVDNFLMXL]DVYDNLREMHNDWED]HSRGDWDNDNRMLMHRQDDåXULUDODþXYDVH
x YUHGQRVWSUHDåXULUDQMDbefore-image
x YUHGQRVWSRVOHDåXULUDQMDafter-image
202
Baze podataka
1D QDUHGEX 52//%$&. 68%3 NRULVWL YUHGQRVWL pre ]D GDWX WUDQVDNFLMX 3UH
&RPPLW QDUHGEHVLVWHP SUYR XSLVXMH YUHGQRVWL pre i posle X ORJ IDMO $NR VH SUHNLQH
&200,7 QDUHGED PRJX VH SURþLWDWL YUHGQRVWL posle VD ORJ IDMOD ãWR RPRJXüDYD
RþXYDQMHNRQ]LVWHQWQRJVWDQMD
10.4 .21.85(1712,=95â$9$1-(75$16$.&,-$
1DG PRGHUQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND WUDQVDNFLMH VH QH REDYOMDMX X L]RORYDQRVWL YHü
NRQNXUHQWQR9LãHWUDQVDNFLMDPRJXLVWRYUHPHQR]DKWHYDWLLVWHUHVXUVHLVWL]DSLVED]H
SRGDWDNDLWG8WDNYLPVLWXDFLMDPDRWYDUDVHPRJXüQRVWGDQHNRQWUROLVDQPHÿXVREQL
XWLFDMWUDQVDNFLMDGRYHGHGRQHNRQ]LVWHQWQRJVWDQMD
9HüMHQDJRYHãWHQRGDMHMHGDQRG]DKWHYD68%3GDXSUDYOMDNRQNXUHQWQLPUDGRP
YLãH NRULVQLND REH]EHÿXMH VLQKURQL]DFLMX QMLKRYRJ UDGD D VYH X FLOMX VSUHþDYDQMD
šteWQLKSRVOHGLFDSULSURPHQDPDNRMHVHYUãHQDGED]RPSRGDWDNDXYLãHNRULVQLþNRP
RNUXåHQMX
.RPSRQHQWH68%3NRMHXþHVWYXMXXRYRPSURFHVXVX
x 3ODQHU (Scheduler)
x 0HQDGåHUWUDQVDNFLMD (Transaction manager).
3ODQHU YRGL UDþXQD R UHGRVOHGX DNFLMD NRG YLãH NRQNXUHQWQLK WUDQVDNFLMD $NR
þLWDQMHLOLXSLVLYDQMHPRåHGDQDUXãLLQWHJULWHWED]HSRGDWDND]DKWHYVHLOLYUHPHQVNL
RGODåHLOLVHSRQLãWDYDFHODWUDQVDNFLMD
0HQDGåHUWUDQVDNFLMDXSUDYOMDFHORNXSQLPL]YUãHQMHPWUDQVDNFLMD
,GHDODQVOXþDML]YUãDYDQMDWUDQVDNFLMDMHVHULMVNRL]YUãDYDQMH3RVOHGLFDMHNRUHNWDQ
UH]XOWDW6HULMVNRL]YUãDYDQMHWUDQVDNFLMDXVWYDUL]QDþLGD
x QHPDSUHSOLWDQMDWUDQVDNFLMD
x SUYRVH]DYUãLMHGQD]DWLPGUXJD
.RQNXUHQWQR L]YUãDYDQMH WUDQVDNFLMD MH VHULMDELOQR OLQHDUQR DNR GDMH LVWL UH]XOWDW
NDRLVHULMVNRL]YUãDYDQMHVYLKWUDQVDNFLMD
203
Baze podataka
Istovremeno
izvršavanje
Transakcija 1 sve tri transakcije
Paralelno
Transakcija 2
Transakcija 3
Transakcija 1 Transakcija 2 Transakcija 3

Serijsko
Slika 10.1: 3DUDOHOQRLVHULMVNRL]YUãDYDQMHWUDQVDNFLMD
,QWHUHVDQWQRMHGDNDGDVHNRULVWHWUDQVDNFLMHSRYHüDYDVHVWHSHQLQWHJULWHWDL]PHQD
NRMH NRULVQLN XQRVL DOL VH VPDQMXMH NRQNXUHQWQRVW RGQRVQR PRJXüQRVW GD SRPRüX
GDWHDSOLNDFLMHYHüLEURMNRULVQLNDLVWRYUHPHQRPHQMDSRGDWNHMHULPDYLãH]DSLVDNRML
VX]DNOMXþDQLGXåHYUHPH
10.5 35272.2/=$./-8ý$9$1-$
9HOLND MH YHURYDWQRüD GD DNR QHPD RJUDQLþHQMD L]YUãDYDQMH WUDQVDNFLMD QHüH ELWL
VHULMDELOQRDSURYHUDVHULMDELOQRVWLVHWHãNRPRåHREDYLWLXUHDOQRPYUHPHQX=DWRVH
YUãLMHGDQQDþLQRJUDQLþDYDQMDWM]DNOMXþDYDQMHLRWNOMXþDYDQMHSRGDWDND
8 VWYDUL PHKDQL]DP ]DNOMXþDYDQja locking SUHGVWDYOMD XSUDYR QDVLOQR

RVWYDULYDQMH VHULMDELOQRVWL 7UDQVDNFLMD ]DNOMXþDYD REMHNDW ED]H SRGDWDND NRPH MH
SULVWXSLODþLPHMHRQHPRJXüHQRGUXJLPWUDQVDNFLMDPDGDQHNRUHNWQRRSHULãX
3RVWRMH GYD RVQRYQD QLYRD ]DNOMXþDYDQMD QD QLYRX VWUDQLFH L QD QLYRX ]DSLVD
=DNOMXþDYDQMHQDQLYRXVWUDQLFHMHXVWYDUL]DNOMXþDYDQMHþLWDYHVWUDQLFHVD]DSLVLPDD
QH ]DNOMXþDYDQMH VDPR SRMHGLQLK ]DSLVD ãWR MH VOXþDM VD ]DNOMXþDYDQMHP QD QLYRX
]DSLVD7R]QDþLGDQDSULPHUNDGDVHSULPHQMXMH]DNOMXþDYDQMHQDQLYRX]DSLVDYLãH
NRULVQLND PRåH LVWRYUHPHQR GD DåXULUD ]DSLVH X LVWRMWDEHOL QDVXSURW VOXþDMX NDGD EL
ELOD]DNOMXþDQDFHODWDEHODVDVYLP]DSLVLPDXQMRM
204
Baze podataka
=DNOMXþDYDQMHQDQLYRX]DSLVDREH]EHÿXMH]QDWQREROMHPRJXüQRVWLYLãHNRULVQLþNRJ
SULVWXSD SRGDFLPD 0HÿXWLP WUHED YRGLWL UDþXQD GD WR QH ]QDþL XYHN L EROMH
SHUIRUPDQVH .DGD VH LVWRYUHPHQR DåXULUD YHOLNL EURM ]DSLVD ]DNOMXþDYDQMH QD QLYRX
VWUDQLFH PRåH GD REH]EHGL EROMH SHUIRUPDQVH ,SDN X YHüLQL VOXþDMHYD EROMH
PRJXüQRVWL YLãHNRULVQLþNRJ SULVWXSD SRGDFLPD QDGRNQDÿXMX QHãWR VODELMH
SHUIRUPDQVH
3RVWRMH GYD RVQRYQD SULVWXSD X VWUDWHJLML ]DNOMXþDYDQMD REMHNDWD ED]H SRGDWDND

RGDNOHVHL]GYDMDMXGYHYUVWH]DNOMXþDYDQMD
x (NVNOX]LYQRexclusive lock ili write lockLOLSHVLPLVWLþNR– ;/
x 'HOMLYRshared lock ili read lockLOLRSWLPLVWLþNR– SL
(NVNOX]LYQR]DNOMXþDYDQMH]QDþLGDXVYDNRPGDWRPWUHQXWNXVDPRMHGDQNRULVQLN
PRåH GD PHQMD REMHNDWED]H SRGDWDND 'UXJLP UHþLPD DNR MHGQDWUDQVDNFLMDSRVWDYL
;/NDWDQDFQDREMHNDWED]HSRGDWDNDWR]QDþLGDQHPRåHQLMHGQDGUXJDWUDQVDNFLMDGD
SRVWDYL NDWDQDF L QH PRåH VH SRVWDYLWL QL MHGDQ GUXJL NDWDQDF 8 VOXþDMX DNR VH
SULPHQMXMH]DNOMXþDYDQMHQDQLYRXVWUDQLFHWRMHYHOLNLSUREOHPMHUXVYDNRPWUHQXWNX
VDPR MHGDQ NRULVQLN PRåH GD DåXULUD ELOR NRML ]DSLV NRML VH QDOD]L QD ]DNOMXþDQRM
VWUDQLFL
'HOMLYR]DNOMXþDYDQMHRPRJXüDYDGDYLãHNRULVQLNDLVWRYUHPHQRDåXULUDLVWH]DSLVH
X]PDQMLEURMVXNREDRNR]DNOMXþDYDQMD]DSLVD'UXJLPUHþLPDDNRMHGQDWUDQVDNFLMD
SRVWDYL 6/ NDWDQDF QD REMHNDW ED]H SRGDWDND WR ]QDþL GD GUXJD WUDQVDNFLMD PRåH GD
SRVWDYL6/NDWDQDFQDLVWLREMHNDWLQLMHGQDGUXJDQHPRåHGDSRVWDYL;/NDWDQDFQD
WDMREMHNDW0HÿXWLPWLPHVHSRYHüDYDUL]LNQDVWDMDQMDVXNREDSULXSLVLYDQMXSRGDWDND
6XNRESULXSLVLYDQMXQDVWDMHNDGD
x SUYLNRULVQLNSRþLQMHGDDåXULUDREMHNDWED]HSRGDWDND
x GUXJLNRULVQLNXSLVXMHXED]XSRGDWDNDL]PHQHREMHNWDNRMHMHRQXQHR
x SUYLNRULVQLNSRNXãDGDXWRPWUHQXWNXXSLãHVYRMHL]PHQH
6XNRESULXSLVLYDQMXMHãWHWDQMHURQ]QDþLGDSUYLNRULVQLNDåXULUDGUXJDþLMLobjekat
RGRQRJDVDNRMLPMHSRþHRGDUDGL
9HURYDWQRMHXL]ERUXYUVWH]DNOMXþDYDQMDSULKYDWOMLYLMHHNVNOX]LYQR]DNOMXþDYDQMH
GDELVHL]EHJOLVXNRELSULXSLVLYDQMX0HÿXWLPXYHNWUHEDLPDWLQDXPXNRULVQLNHNRML
GXåHYUHPH]DNOMXþDYDMXREMHNWHED]HSRGDWDND8WRPVOXþDMXELELORGREURUD]PRWULWL
XSRWUHEXGHOMLYRJ]DNOMXþDYDQMD2YDMSUREOHPGHOLPLþQRPRåHELWLUHãHQLXSRWUHERP
HNVNOX]LYQRJ ]DNOMXþDYDQMD VD YUHPHQVNLP RJUDQLþDYDQMHP 1D SULPHU QHNRP
REUDVFX VH PRåH GRGDWL PRJXüQRVW YUHPHQVNRJ RJUDQLþDYDQMD WDNR GD L]PHQH NRMH
NRULVQLNQLMHVQLPLRSRVOHGHVHWPLQXWDDXWRPDWVNLELYDMXSRQLãWHQH
205
Baze podataka
3URWRNRO]DNOMXþDYDQMDREXKYDWDVOHGHüDSUDYLOD
1. 7UDQVDNFLMD NRMD þLWD QHNL REMHNDW ED]H SRGDWDND PRUD GD SRVWDYL 6/ QD WDM
objekat
2. 7UDQVDNFLMD NRMD åHOL GD DåXULUD QHNL REMHNDW PRUD GD SRVWDYL ;/ $NR MH WD
WUDQVDNFLMDSUHWKRGQRSRVWDYLOD6/WUHEDGDJDSURPHQLX;/
3. $NRWUDQVDNFLMDQLMHSRVWDYLODÄNDWDQDF³]DWRãWRMHWRSUHXUDGLODQHNDGUXJD
SUHOD]LXVWDQMHþHNDQMD
4. 7UDQVDNFLMD RVOREDÿD ;/ L 6/ QD NUDMX VD &200,7 LOL 52//%$&.
QDUHGERP
2EDNDWDQFD;/L6/VHSRVWDYOMDMXLPSOLFLWQR
10.6 2325$9$.%$=(32'$7$.$
2SRUDYDNED]HSRGDWDNDRECOVERYSUHGVWDYOMDSURFHVYUDüDQMDED]HSRGDWDNDX

NRUHNWQRVWDQMH6DVYLPMHUHDOQRLGHãDYDVHGDXVOHGRWND]DVLVWHPDPRUDGDVHXUDGL
RSRUDYDN ED]H SRGDWDND 8]URFL RWND]D PRJX ELWL UD]OLþLWL JUHãNH X SURJUDPLUDQMX
JUHãNHXRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPXQHVWDQDN QDSDMDQMD
3URFHVRSRUDYNDVH]DVQLYDQDUHGXQGDQVLSRGDWDNDWMSRVWRMDQMHUH]HUYQLKNRSLMD
NRMHPRJXGDVHþXYDMXQDGLVNXWUDFL7DNRXVOXþDMXRWND]DVLVWHPDRãWHüHQDED]D
SRGDWDND VH UHNRQVWUXLãH X LVSUDYQR VWDQMH QD RVQRYX SRVOHGQMH NRSLMH D
QHNRQ]LVWHQWQR VWDQMH VH UHãDYD WDNR ãWR VH SRQLãWDYDMX QHNRQ]LVWHQWQH SURPHQH D
WUDQVDNFLMHVHSRQDYOMDMX
7UDMQRVW SRGUD]XPHYD GD QLMHGQD SURPHQD X ED]L SRGDWDND NRMX MH QDSUDYLOD
]DSRþHWDWUDQVDNFLMDQHVPHELWLL]JXEOMHQD,]WRJUD]ORJDDSRãWR KDUGGLVNPRåHGD
]DNDåHED]DSRGDWDNDVHPRUDþXYDWLQDUD]OLþLWLPKDUGGLVNRYLPD-HGQRVWDYDQSULPHU
SRVWL]DQMDWUDMQRVWLMHVWHþXYDQMHUD]OLþLWLKNRSLMDED]Hpodataka QDUD]OLþLWLPGLVNRYLPD
NRMLVHSRPRJXüVWYXQDSDMDMXL]UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUDHQHUJLMH3RãWRMHLVWRYUHPHQLSDG
RED GLVND PDOR YHURYDWDQ YHOLND MH YHURYDWQRüD GD üH EDUHP MHGQD NRSLMD KDUG GLVND
ELWLXYHNGRVWXSQD'XSOLNDWLOLGLVNLPLGåSRGUåDYDRYDNDYSULVWXS6OLNDKDUG-diska
GXSOLNDW – mirrored disk MH VLVWHP þXYDQMD SR NRPH NDG JRG DSOLNDFLMD ]DKWHYD GD
GLVN L]YUãL RSHUDFLMX XSLVD VLVWHP VLPXOWDQR EHOHåL LVWX LQIRUPDFLMX QD GYD UD]OLþLWD
GLVND7DNRMHSUYLGLVNLGHQWLþQDNRSLMDLOLGLVNLPLGåRQRJGUXJRJ
8 WUDQVDNFLMDPD NRMH REUDÿXMX DSOLNDFLMH VLVWHP GLVN LPLGåD PRåH GD GRVWLJQH
L]X]HWQXGRVWXSQRVWVLVWHPD8NROLNRMHGDQGLVNLPLGåSDGQHVLVWHPPRåHGDQDVWDYL
GDOMH NRULVWHüL GUXJL EH] XVSRUDYDQMD LOL ]DXVWDYOMDQMD .DGD VH ]DPHQL GLVN NRML MH
]DND]DR VLVWHP PRUD GD SRQRYR VLQKURQL]XMH RED 1DVXSURW WRPH NDGD VH WUDMQRVW
SRVWLåH VDPR SRPRüX /2* IDMOD GQHYQLND SURFHVRSRUDYND QDNRQ SDGD KDUG GLVND
PRåHWUDMDWL]QDWQRGXåHDXWRNXWRJSHULRGDVLVWHPMHQHGRVWXSDQNRULVQLFLPD,SDN
WUHED SRGVHWLWL GD þDN L NDGDWUDQVDNFLMD X SURFHVX NRULVWL GLVN LPLGå L GDOMH VH PRUD
NRULVWLWLGQHYQLNNDNRELVHSRVWLJODDWRPQRVW– QDSULPHUGDELVHSRQLãWLODWUDQVDNFLMD
QDNRQSDGD
206
Baze podataka
11 %$=(32'$7$.$,$3/,.$&,-(
1LMH UHGDN VOXþDM GD SURL]YRÿDþL VDYUHPHQLK VLVWHPD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH ED]DPD
SRGDWDND X GDOMHP WHNVWX 68%3 SRUHG VHUYHUVNH DSOLNDFLMH NRMD RPRJXüDYD
DGPLQLVWULUDQMH NRULVQLND NRQWUROX SULVWXSD RGUåDYDQMH UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD L
NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW SRGDWDND %3 QDMþHãüH QXGH L NOLMHQWVNH DSOLNDFLMH DODWH 3ULPHUL
RYDNYLKVLVWHPDVX$FFHVV]D0LFURVRIW-HW'%L0664/$SDFKH2SHQ2IILFH%DVH
]D0\64/3RVWJUH64/DNRULãüHQMHP+64/'%L]DPQRJHGUXJH68%3
.OLMHQWVNLSURJUDPLSUHGVWDYOMDMXSULMDWHOMVNDJUDILþNDRNUXåHQMDNRMDRPRJXüDYDMX
EU]R NUHLUDQMH XSLWD 4%( 4 XJQMHåGHQLK SURFHGXUD L]YHãWDMD L IRUPL ]D XQRV
podaWDND3UHWKRGQRQDYHGHQHSUHGQRVWLRPRJXüDYDMXEU]XL]UDGXXVOXåQLKDSOLNDFLMD
Slika 11.1: 3ULPHULþYUVWHVSUHJHNOLMHQWVNLKSURJUDPDL68%3
06$FFHVVSUHGVWDYOMDGREURSR]QDWLNRPHUFLMDOQLSULPHUWDNYRJSURJUDPDGRNMH
22%DVHEHVSODWDQ6OLNDDLE1HGRVWDWDNRYDNRNRQFLSLUDQLKDSOLNDFLMDMHGDVX
þYUVWR SRYH]DQH ]D UD]YRMQR RNUXåHQMH KLJK FRXSOLQJ L GD MH NRPXQLNDFLMD VD
RNUXåHQMHP RVWDOLPDSOLNDFLMDPDRELþQRWHãNRL]YRGOMLYDLOLQHPRJXüD6OLND
3RVOHGLFDRYDNYRJMHGQRVORMQRJLOLGYRVORMQRJPRGHODMHGDVHDSOLNDFLMHGL]DMQLUDQH
QD RYDM QDþLQ WHãNR RGUåDYDMX PRGLILNDFLMD SRVWRMHüHJ UHãHQMD XQDSUHÿHQMH
GRGDYDQMHP QRYLK NRPSRQHQWL DåXULUDQMH QRYLP YHU]LMDPD VHUYHUVNLK L NOLMHQWVNLK
SODWIRUPL L VO 'UXJX PDQMNDYRVW SUHGVWDYOMD þLQMHQLFD GD MH GL]DMQ NRULVQLþNRJ
LQWHUIHMVD L LPSOHPHQWDFLMD ORJLNH REUDGH SRGDWDND RJUDQLþHQR QD PRJXüQRVWL
NOLMHQWVNH WHKQRORJLMH 1D SULPHU QH PRJX VH PHQMDWL VYL SDUDPHWUL HNUDQVNLK IRUPL
L]JOHG NRQWUROD RWHåDQR MH XEDFLYDQMH NRQWUROD NRMH HNVSOLFLWQR QLVX SRQXÿHQH
4
4%(– TXHU\E\H[DPSOHDODWNRMLRPRJXüDYDNUHLUDQMH64/XSLWDEH]SRWUHEHSR]QDYDQMD
VLQWDNVH64/MH]LND3ULPHU4%(MH$FFHVV-RYTXHU\GHVLJQHULTXHU\ZL]DUG
207
Baze podataka
RWHåDQD MH L]UDGD QRYLK YUVWD NRQWUROD 3URJUDPLUDQMH MH RJUDQLþHQR PRJXüQRVWLPD
SURJUDPVNLKMH]LNDXJUDÿHQRJXNOLMHQWVNL DODWQSU9LVXDO%DVLFIRU$FFHVVL6FULSWLQJ
)UDPHZRUN ]D 2SHQ2IILFH QH SRGUåDYDMX VYH NRQFHSWH REMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQRJ
SURJUDPLUDQMD
3RMDYRPREMHNWQRRUMHQWLVDQRJSURJUDPLUDQMDXGDOMHPWHNVWX223RPRJXüHQRMH
SRWSXQR UD]GYDMDQMH SRGDWDND RG ORJLNH QMLKRYH REUDGH L RG LQWHUIHMVD SUHPD
NRULVQLFLPD SRGDWDND $SOLNDFLMD VH JUDGL RG REMHNDWD RG NRMLK VYDNL SUHX]LPD
RGJRYRUQRVW ]D REDYOMDQMH VSHFLILþQLK IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL DSOLNDFLMH 7DNR VH L]GYDMDMX
JUXSHREMHNDWDSUHPDIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL1DSULPHUIRUPLUDVHJUXSDREMHNDWDRGNRMLKVH
JUDGLNRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMVLOLJUXSDREMHNDWDNRMLRVWYDUXMXNRQHNFLMXVD%3L]YUãDYDMX
XSLWH QDG ED]RP L SULKYDWDMX UH]XOWDWH XSLWD 2EMHNWL PHÿXVREQR NRPXQLFLUDMX SUHNR
IXQNFLRQDOQLKSR]LYDSULþHPXIL]LþNLPRJXELWLUD]GYRMHQLQDUD]OLþLWLPUDþXQDUVNLP
SODWIRUPDPD D DSOLNDFLMD WLPH SRVWDMH GLVWULEXLUDQD 2YD SRMDYD JUXSLVDQMD REMHNDWD
SUHPDRVQRYQLPIXQNFLRQDOQRVWLPDMHQD]YDQDUDVORMDYDQMHDSOLNDFLMH
11.1 6/2-(9,7$6758.785$$3/,.$&,-$
5DVORMDYDQMHDSOLNDFLMHSUHGVWDYOMD RGYDMDQMHQMHQLKGHORYDSUHPDIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL
8 223 NDR ãWR MH YHü QDSRPHQXWR JUXSLãX VH REMHNWL VURGQLK IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL X
GDOMHP WHNVWX VORMHYL *UXSLVDQMHPMH SRVWLJQXWR GDVH NRPXQLNDFLMD L]PHÿX VORMHYD
IXQNFLRQDOQL SR]LYL VYHGX QD QDMPDQMX PRJXüX PHUX L WLPH RODNãD RGUåDYDQMH
DSOLNDFLMH3URPHQHXIXQNFLRQDOQRVWLSURJUDPVNRPNRGXREMHNDWDMHGQRJVORMDQHüH
LPDWL SRVOHGLFH QD REMHNWH X RVWDOLP VORMHYLPD D LPDüH VSRUDGLþQH HIHNWH þDN L ]D
REMHNWH X LVWRP VORMX -HGQR RG SUDYLOD GREURJ GL]DMQD DSOLNDFLMD MH GD VH X L]PHÿX
REMHNDWDNODVDXLVWRPVORMXSRVWLJQHYLVRNDNRKH]LMDKLJKFRKHVLRQDVODEDVSUHJD
L]PHÿXVORMHYDORZFRXSOLQJ
11.1.1 Troslojni model kao osnovni model
2VQRYQL DSOLNDFLRQL PRGHO MH WURVORMQL PRGHO NRML QDPHüH GL]DMQHULPD L

proJUDPHULPD]DKWHYGDDSOLNDFLMDLPDUD]GYRMHQHWULFHOLQHSlika 11.2
1. 3UH]HQWDFLRQLVORMpresentation layer
2. 6ORMSRVORYQHORJLNHbuisness logic layer
3. 6ORMSRGDWDNDdata layer
1D]LYLVORMHYDLPSOLFLWQRRWNULYDMXQMLKRYHIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL2EMHNWLSUH]HQWDFLRQRJ
VORMD VX ]DSUDYR REMHNWL NRULVQLþNRJ LQWHUIHMVD IRUPH ]D XQRV SURPHQX EULVDQMH L
SUHJOHG SRGDWDND 2EUDGXSRGDWDND YUãL VORM SRVORYQH DSOLNDFLRQH ORJLNH 2YDM VORM
VDGUåL NOMXþQH REMHNWH VLVWHPD NRML VLQKURQL]XMX SURFHVH SUH]HQWDFLRQRJ L Vloja
SRGDWDND6ORMSRGDWDNDþLQHREMHNWLNRMLNRPXQLFLUDMXVD%3SUHFL]QLMHVLVWHPRPVD
XSUDYOMDQMH%3
208
Baze podataka
3UH]HQWDFLRQLVORMM
3UH]HQWDFLRQLVOR 6ORMSRVORYQHORJLNH
6 ORMSRVORYQHORJLNH Sloj
S loj podataka
Aplikacioni
Aplikacioni interfejs
interfejs
unos
Aktuelno
A ktuelno
Marka
Ma rka Proslo
P roslo
D olar
Dolar
Eu ro
Euro
Dinar
D inar
OK
OK NOK
NO K
RDBMS
R DBMS
Slika 11.2: 7URVORMQLDSOLNDFLRQLPRGHO
6ORMHYL NRPXQLFLUDMX IXQNFLRQDOQLP SR]LYLPD 3RãWR VX SRGDFL X WURVORMQRP

PRGHOX GRVWXSQLNRULVQLFLPDSRVUHGVWYRPLQWHUIHMVDSUH]HQWDFLRQRJVORMDSUHNRVORMD
SRVORYQH ORJLNH LQGLUHNWQR PRåH VH UHüL GD VX PRJXüQRVWL ]DãWLWH LQWHJULWHWD
SRGDWDNDPQRJRYHüHQHJRNRGGYRVORMQLKDSOLNDFLRQLKPRGHOD
11.1.2 Višeslojni modeli
$SOLNDFLMH PRJX LPDWL YLãH RG WUL VORMD 6OLND 2YD SRMDYD MH YH]DQD ]D
GLVWULEXLUDQHSRVORYQHVLVWHPHNRGNRMLKSRGDFLPRJXELWLUD]GYRMHQLQDYLãHUD]OLþLWLK
PHVWD L NRML VDGUåH YLãH QLYRD REUDGH 1DMþHãüL SULPHU YLãHVORMQLK GLVWULEXLUDQLK
VLVWHPD VX :HE DSOLNDFLMH .RG :HE DSOLNDFLMD NRULVQLNX VX YLGOMLYH VDPR :HE
VWUDQLFHLVSRUXþHQHQDNOLMHQWVNLSUHWUDåLYDþRGVWUDQH:HEVHUYHUDLNRPSRQRYDQHRG
UD]OLþLWLK VDGUåDMD .RPSRQHQWH VWUDQLFH PRJX ELWL NRQWUROH ]D LQWHUDNFLMX VD
NRULVQLNRP LOL YH]H OLQNRYL SUHPD SRVHEQLP DSOLNDFLMDPD PRGXOLPD 2YH
VRIWYHUVNH NRPSRQHQWH PRJX ELWL XJQMHåGHQH QD NRQNUHWQRP VHUYHUX DOL LVWR WDNR
PRJXELWLGLVWULEXLUDQHQDUD]OLþLWHSODWIRUPH
209
Baze podataka
3UH]HQWDFLRQLVORMM
3UH]HQWDFLRQLVOR Sloj
S loj podataka
)73VHUYHU
)73VHUYHU
:RUNVWDWLRQ
:RUNVWDWLRQ
Laptop :(%VHUYHU
:(%VHUYHU $SSOLFDWLRQVHUYHU '%VHUYHU
'%VHUYHU
:RUNVWDWLRQ
:RUNVWDWLRQ
:RUNVWDWLRQ
:RUNVWDWLRQ
0DLOVHUYHU
0D LOVHUYHU '%VHUYHU
'%VHUYHU
Slika 11.3: 9LãHVORMQLDSOLNDFLRQLPRGHO
'LVWULEXLUDQMHPDSOLNDFLMDYUãLVHUDVWHUHüHQMHKDUGYHUVNLKVHUYHUVNLKSODWIRUPLL

YH]D OLQNRYD L]PHÿX NRULVQLND L DSOLNDFLMD 3RãWR VH UD]OLþLWH JUXSH IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL
RGYLMDMX QD UD]OLþLWLP PHVWLPD GLVWULEXLUDQMHP MH RODNãDQR XSUDYOMDQMH L RGUåDYDQMH
DSOLNDFLMD 8 SULPHUX QD SUHWKRGQRM VOLFL SUH]HQWDFLRQL VORM MH :HE SUHWUDåLYDþ QD
NOLMHQWVNRM SODWIRUPL D VORM SRGDWDND þLQH VHUYHUD %3 :HE VHUYHU MH ]DGXåHQ ]D
LVSRUXþLYDQMH]DKWHYDQLK:HEVWUDQLFDNOLMHQWLPD7DNRÿHRGJRYRUDQMH]DXSUDYOMDQMH
NRULVQLþNRPVHVLMRP'UXJLPHÿXVORMþLQHUD]OLþLWLDSOLNDFLRQLVHUYHULDSOLNDFLMH]D
VHUYLVLUDQMH HOHNWURQVNH SRãWH ]D XSORDG L GRZQORDG IDMORYD DSOLNDFLRQL VHUYHU NRML
RPRJXüDYDGLQDPLþNRNRPSRQRYDQMH:HEVWUDQLFDLWUDQVDNFLRQXREUDGXSUHPD%3
itd.
11.1.3 $SOLNDFLMHVHUYLVLQH]DYLVQHVRIWYHUVNHNRPSRQHQWH
,DNRVX:HEDSOLNDFLMHYLãHVORMQHLGLVWULEXLUDQHQMHQHVRIWYHUVNHNRPSRQHQWHVXL
GDOMH X]DMDPQR ]DYLVQH L SUHGVWDYOMDMX GHR MHGQH FHOLQH 'D EL VH RPRJXüLOR GD
VRIWYHUVND NRPSRQHQWD EXGH GRVWXSQD UD]OLþLWLP DSOLNDFLMDPD ELOD MH SRWUHEQD
IRUPDOL]DFLMD LQWHUIHMVD NRMD EL RPRJXüLOD NRPXQLFLUDQMH VD NRPSRQHQWRP :HE
VHUYLVLVX]DVQRYDQLQDWULRVQRYQDVWDQGDUGD;0/ 5]DSULND]LYDQMHSRGDWDND62$3
5
;0/– H[WHQVLEOHPDUNXSODQJXDJH
210
Baze podataka
6
]DUD]PHQXSRGDWDNDL]PHÿXGDYDODFDLNRULVQLNDVHUYLVDL]DSRWUHEHRSLVDVHUYLVD
GHILQLVDQMHSRVHEDQMH]LN– :6'/ 7 LQDþLQXVSRVWDYHYH]H
5HJLVWURYDQMH:HE 'LUHNWRULMXP:HE
Pronalazenje Web
VHUYLVD VHUYLVD
VHUYLVD
2SLV:HEVHUYLVD
8QLIRUPLVDQD
prezentacija podataka I
'DYDODF:HEVHUYLVD QMLKRYDUD]PHQD .RUVLQLN:HEVHUYLVD
Standardni
NRPXQLNDFLRQLNDQDO
Slika 11.4: $UKLWHNWXUD:HEVHUYLVD
=DSRVWRMDQMHVHUYLVDSRWUHEQHVXNRPSRQHQWHGDYDODFVHUYLVDNRULVQLNVHUYLVDL
SURYDMGHU 'DYDODF :HE VHUYLVD UHJLVWUXMH VYRM :HE VHUYLV NRG GLUHNWRULMXPD :HE
VHUYLVD Slika 11.4 5HJLVWURYDQMH EL ]QDþLOR GD VH :HE VHUYLV IRUPDOQR RSLVXMH
:6'/-RP QD]LY VHUYLVDORNDFLMD VHUYLVD QDþLQ SULVWXSDVHUYLVD NDNR EL NRULVQLFL
PRJOLGDJDHNVSORDWLãX5HJLVWURYDQMHP:HEVHUYLVDGDYDODFJD]DSUDYRSXEOLNXMH–
VYRMXDSOLNDFLMXþLQLGRVWXSQRP]DVYH]DLQWHUHVRYDQHNRULVQLNH8XORJDPDNRULVQLND
:HE VHUYLVD SRMDYOMXMX VH GUXJH DSOLNDFLMH NRMH QD WDM QDþLQ SURãLUXMX VYRMH
IXQNFLRQDOQRVWLNRMHSUXåDMXNUDMQMLPNRULVQLFLPDâWRMHGRNXPHQWDFLMD]D$3, 8 kod
NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK DSOLNDFLMD WR MH :6'/ RSLV :HE VHUYLVD NRG QMLKRYLK GDYDODFD
1DMþHãüL QDþLQ UD]PHQH SRGDWND L]PHÿX GDYDODFD L NRULVQLND :HE VHUYLVD MH
NRULãüHQMHP62$3-D)RUPDWSRGDWDNDNRMLVHUD]PHQMXMXMHX;0/IRUPDWX
:HE VHUYLVL SUHGVWDYOMDMX WHKQRORJLMX EXGXüQRVWL MHU RPRJXüDYDMX SRYH]LYDQMH

UD]OLþLWLKDSOLNDFLMDWHKQRORJLMDSRVWDYOMHQLKQDUD]OLþLWLPSODWIRUPDPD)RUPDOL]DFLMD
RSLVD VHUYLVD RPRJXüDYD QMLKRYX PDãLQVNX þLWOMLYRVW WDNR GD DSOLNDFLMH SRVWDMX
X]DMDPQR NRRSHUDWLYQH EH] SRVUHGRYDQMD þRYHND :HE VHUYLVL XNLGDMX L EDULMHUH
L]PHÿXW]YGHVNWRSL:HEDSOLNDFLMD
6
SOAP – VLPSOHREMHFWDFFHVVSURWRFRO
7
:6'/– :HE6HUYLFH'HILQLWLRQ/DQJXDJH
8
API – $SSOLFDWLRQ3URJUDPPDEOH,QWHUIDFH
211
Baze podataka
11.2 63(&,),ý1267, PRISTUPA %3 ,= 5$=/,ý,7,+ $3/,.$&,21,+

6/2-(9$
11.2.1 3ULVWXSSRGDFLPDL]SUH]HQWDFLRQRJVORMD
3UH]HQWDFLRQL VORM VDGUåL REMHNWH NRULVQLþNRJ LQWHUIHMVD %H] RE]LUD GD OL VH UDGL R
'HVNWRS LOL :HE DSOLNDFLMDPD WR VX XRNYLUHQL SUR]RUL VD QDVORYQRP OLQLMRP L NRML
VDGUåHNRQWUROH]DLQWHUDNFLMXVDNRULVQLNRP6OLND11.
Slika 11.5: ,]JOHGNRULVQLþNRJLQWHUIHMVD'HVNWRSDSOLNDFLMH
6YDND NRQWUROD SUH]HQWDFLRQRJ VORMD SUHGVWDYOMD SRVHEDQ REMHNDW NRML VH PRåH
GRGDWLSUHYODþHQMHPVDSDOHWH– W]Y'UDJ 'URSDNRVHNRULVWLYL]XHOQLDODW]DGL]DMQ
LOL XQRãHQMHP SURJUDPVNRJ NRGD X GDWRWHNX DNR VH NRULVWL RELþDQ WHNVWXDOQL HGLWRU
)L]LþNLJOHGDQRIRUPLUDMXVHIDMORYLGDWRWHNHRGUHÿHQRJWLSDNRMLVDGUåHNRGNRMLVH
NRPSDMOLUDOLQNXMHLL]YUãDYDLOLVHLQWHUSUHWLUDRGVWUDQHUDþXQDUDJHQHULãXüLSULWRP
NRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMV
KorisQLþNL LQWHUIHMVL NRG :HE DSOLNDFLMD GL]DMQLUDMX VH X VNODGX VD RJUDQLþHQMLPD
:HEþLWDþDNRMLVHNRULVWHQDNOLMHQWVNRMVWUDQL,QWHUQHW([SORUHU1HWVFDSHQDYLJDWRU
0RG]LODLVOýLWDþLQWHUSUHWLUD+70/VNULSWNRMLMHSULPOMHQRGVWUDQH:HEVHUYHUDL
otvDUD:HEVWUDQLFXNRMDXVHELPRåHGDVDGUåLIRUPXVDNRQWURODPD2YLLQWHUDNWLYQL
HOHPHQWL RPRJXüDYDMX NRULVQLNX XQRV SRGDWDND L DNFLMH VOLþQR NDR NRG GHVNWRS
DSOLNDFLMD
212
Baze podataka
Slika 11.6: ,]JOHGNRULVQLþNRJLQWHUIHMVD:HEDSOLNDFLMH
,]JOHGLIXQNFLRQDOQRVWLLQWHUIHMVDRGUHÿHQLVXRGJRYDUDMXüLPSURJUDPVNLPNRGRP
VDGUåDQXGDWRWHNDPDDSOLNDFLMD8RYHGDWRWHNHPRJXGDVHGRGDMXLIXQNFLRQDOQRVWL
]DSULVWXSSRGDFLPDL]%3=DVOXþDMNDGDVHGLUHNWQHIXQNFLMH]DþLWDQMHDåXULUDQMHL
dodaYDQMH SRGDWDND L]X %3 GHILQLãX X IDMORYLPD X NRMLPD VH GHILQLãH NRULVQLþNL
LQWHUIHMVNDåHPRGDSUHGVWDYOMDpristup podacima iz prezentacionog sloja.
$FFHVV-RYH GDWRWHNH SUHGVWDYOMDMX QDMþHãüL SULPHU SULVWXSD SRGDFLPD L]

SUH]HQWDFLRQRJ VORMD 8 IDMORYLPD NRML LPDMX mdb HNVWHQ]LMX LQWHJULãH VH NRPSOHWQD
%3VDIRUPDPDL]YHãWDMLPDPDNURLPDLPRGXOLPD- NRGLUDQLPSURFHGXUDPDX9%$ 9
MH]LNX
Fragment 3ULVWXSWDEHOLNRULãüHQMHP9%$VNULSWDNRMLVDGUåL64/QDUHGEX
9
VBA – 9LVXDO%DVLFIRU$FFHVV
213
Baze podataka
2YDNYH DSOLNDFLMH VX RELþQR YRÿHQH GRJDÿDMLPD NRULVQLþNRJ LQWHUIHMVD Event

Driven Applications 3UHWKRGQL SULPHU )UDJPHQW SUHGVWDYOMD SURFHGXUX NRMD MH
YH]DQD ]D IRUPX NRULVQLQWHUIHMV L NRMD VH DNWLYLUD QD GRJDÿDM ]DWYDUDQMD IRUPH 8
OLQLMDPD - SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH MHGQD 64/ QDUHGED NRMD DåXULUD WDEHOX KolicineSred
SRVWDYOMDMXüLSROMHKOLIC X]DSLVXSUHPDXVORYLPDX:+(5(NODX]XOLid broj i šifra
dugovanjaQDYUHGQRVWVDGUåDQXXNRQWUROLRecSum XIRUPLTsredstva.
Na VOLþDQ QDþLQ IXQNFLRQLãH SULVWXS SRGDFLPD L] SUH]HQWDFLRQRJ VORMD X :HE

DSOLNDFLMDPD .DR ãWR MH UHþHQR RYH DSOLNDFLMH WDNRÿH VDGUåH IRUPH SRSXQMHQH
NRQWURODPDNRMHRPRJXüDYDMXXQRVLSUHJOHGSRGDWDND
Slika 11.7: ,]JOHG:HEIRUPHL+70/NRGNRMLMHIRUPLUD
)RUPHX:HEDSOLNDFLMDPDSUHGVWDYOMHQHVXVWUDQLFDPDNRMHVXNRGLUDQHX+70/
MH]LNX 6OLND 11.7 :HE þLWDþ QD NOLMHQWVNRM PDãLQL LQWHUSUHWLUD RYDM NRG L SULND]XMH
VWUDQLFXXVYRPSUR]RUX6OLND11.7 OHYR8JRUQMHPSULPHUXSULND]DQHVXNRQWUROH]D
XQRVWHNVWDfirma, adresa, postkod.DGDNRULVQLNXQHVHSRWUHEQHSRGDWNHSULWLVNRP
QDGXJPHGRGDMSRNUHüHVHDNFLMDX]DJODYOMXVWUDQLFHOLQ- Slika 11.7 GHVQR
214
Baze podataka
)UDJPHQW6DGUåDMGHPRBDGGDVS
5D]OLND NRG :HE DSOLNDFLMDMH ãWR VH NRG ]D SULVWXS%3 L]YUãDYD QD:HE VHUYHUX
3RGDFL NRMH MH NRULVQLN XQHR SUHQRVH VH X YLGX +77310 ]DKWHYD QD VHUYHU JGH VH
NRULVWH SUL L]YUãDYDQMX IDMOD demo_add.asp. 1DYHGHQD GDWRWHND NUHLUDQD MH X $63 11
WHKQRORJLML L SUHGVWDYOMD VDPR MHGQX RG YHOLNRJ EURMD :HE WHKQRORJLMD Noje
RPRJXüDYDMX GLQDPLþNR JHQHULVDQMH VDGUåDMD 2YD GDWRWHND )UDJPHQW SRUHG
VWDQGDUGQRJ +70/ NRGD VDGUåL L SURJUDPVNL NRG SLVDQ X QHNRP RG MH]LND
SURL]YHGHQLKX0LFURVRIW-X&&9LVXDO%DVLFNRMLMHNRULãüHQ]DXQRVSRGDWDND
X %3 1DNRQ XVSRVWDYH NRQHNFLMH VD $FFHVV-RYRP %3 partneri.mdb OLQ-
NRPSRQXMHVH64/QDUHGEDNRMDWUHEDGDL]YUãLGRGDYDQMHSRGDWDNDXWDEHOLkupci koje
MH NRULVQLN XQHR SUHNR SUHWKRGQH :HE VWUDQLFH 6OLND GHVQR OLQ- ,]YUãHQMH
VWULQJD64/QDUHGEHYUãLVHSUHNRREMHNWDNRQHNFLMHconn OLQ$NRMHGRGDYDQMH
]DSLVD XVSHãQR VHUYHU LVSRUXþXMH NOLMHQWVNRP þLWDþX ]DKWHYDQX VWUDQLFX V SRUXNRP
Klijent QD]LY! je dodat $NR GRGDYDQMH QLMH XVSHOR SULND]DüH VH SRUXND Nemate
prava na dodavanje podataka.
2VQRYQDNDUDNWHULVWLNDVNULSWDNRMLVHNRULVWLXNUHLUDQMX:HEVWUDQLFDMHGDVHLVWL
]DVQLYD QD W]Y tag-RYLPD QSU KWPO! LOL ERG\! 3URL]YRÿDþL framowork-ova za
10
HTTP – +\SHUWH[W7UDQVIHU3URWRNRO– SURWRNRONRMLRPRJXüDYDWUDQVIHUSRGDWDNDL]PHÿX
:HEVWUDQLFD
11
ASP – Active Server Pages0LFURVRIWWHKQRORJLMD]DJHQHULVDMHGLQDPLþNLK:HEVWUDQLFD
215
Baze podataka
UD]YRM :HE DSOLNDFLMD QXGH L tag-RYH ]D NRPXQLNDFLMX VD %3 1D SULPHU ]D -6312
postoji biblioteka tag-ova JSTL 13 NRMD VDGUåL sql tag-RYH .RULãüHQMHP sql tag-RYH
SRVWLåHVHQHSRVUHGQRVWLVWDQGDUGQLSULVWXSXUD]PHQLSRGDWDNDDSOLNDFLMHL%3'DEL
se sql tag-RYL NRULVWLOL X :HE VWUDQLFDPD SRWUHEQR MH XNOMXþLWL ELEOLRWHNX WDJRYD L
L]YUãLWLNRQHNFLMXSUHPD%3
)UDJPHQW.RULãüHQMH64/WDJ-ova za generisanje upita
8 SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUX )UDJPHQW SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH XSLW NRULãüHQMHP sql tag-a

query 6TO WDJ SUHGVWDYOMD SRVHEDQ HQWLWHW OLQ- NRML MH LPHQRYDQ NDR XSLW U
RYRP WDJX MH XJQMHåGHQ VWDQGDUGQL 64/ XSLW OLQ 3RãWR MH XSLW L]YUãHQ GDOMH VH
SUHGVWDYOMDMXUH]XOWDWLXSLWD8WXVYUKXNRULVWHVHc tag-RYLL]-67/1DMSUHVHIRUPLUD
]DJODYOMHWDEHOHXNRMHVHVPHãWDMXQD]LYLNRORQDOLQ-NRMLVHGRELMDMXL]sql tag-a
SR]LYRP QMHJRYH PHWRGH columnNames 1DNRQ WRJD VH SRPRüX IRU SHWOMH
XJQMHåGHQHMHGQDXGUXJRMOLQ-13 – VSROMQMDOLQ-11- XQXWUDãQMDIRUPLUDMXUHGSR
UHGNRULãüHQMHPsql tag PHWRGHrowsDXVYDNRPUHGXVHNRULãüHQMHPsql tag PHWRGH
valueSRSXQMDYDMXNRQNUHWQHYUHGQRVWLSRGDWDND]DVYDNRSROMHNRORQX
PHP MH :HE RULMHQWLVDQ SURJUDPVNL MH]LN DOL L MHGQD RG QDMPDVRYQLMH NRULãüHQLK
WHKQRORJLMD ]D NUHLUDQMH :HE DSOLNDFLMD 8 SRþHWNX þLVW SURFHGXUDODQ MH]LN NRML MDNR
SRGVHüD QD & SUHUDVWD VD YHU]LMDPD L X REMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQ MH]LN NRML VH PRåH
LQWHJULVDWLVDGUXJLPWHKQRORJLMDPD
12
JSP – Java Server Pages-DYDWHKQRORJLMD]DJHQHULVDMHGLQDPLþNLK:HEVWUDQLFD
13
JSTL – JSP Standard Tag Library
216
Baze podataka
)UDJPHQW.RULãüHQMH64/WDJ-ova za generisanje upita
8SUHWKRGQRPNRGX)UDJPHQWSUHGVWDYOMHQMHXSLWSLVDQX3+3-X9DULMDEOHVX

R]QDþHQHSUHILNVRP$ $result, $num LWG3+3MH]LNVDGUåLL]X]HWQRERJDWXSRGUãNX
]D 0\64/ 68%3 3RVWRMLYHOLNL EURMXJUDÿHQLK IXQNFLMD NRMHMDNR XEU]DYDMX SLVDQMH
NRGDDWLPHLSURGXNWLYQRVWL]UDGHDSOLNDFLMDmysql_connect – ]DNRQHNFLMXQD68%3
OLQ #mysql_select_db – ]D L]ERU %3 OLQ mysql_query – ]D L]YUãHQMH 64/
,16(5783'$7(6(/(&7 QDUHGEH OLQ mysql_numrows – ]D GRELMDQMH EURMD
]DSLVD NDR UH]XOWDWD OLQ mysql_close – ]D ]DWYDUDQMH NRQHNFLMH VD %3 L 68%3
OLQ=DUD]OLNXRGRVWDOLKMH]LND3+3RPRJXüDYDSULVWXSSRGDFLPDXUH]XOWXMXüHP
VHWXQDNRQUDVNLGDNRQHNFLMHOLQWDNRGDMHNRQHNFLMDYUHPHQVNLPLQLPDOQD
3UHGQRVWLSULVWXSDSRGDFLPDX%3L]SUH]HQDWDFLRQRJVORMDMHMHGQRVWDYQRVWLEU]LQD
LPSOHPHQWDFLMH2QMHSRJRGDQ]Djednostavne apOLNDFLMHVYHMHna jednom mestuNDR
ãWRVXDSOLNDFLMH]DWHVWLUDQMHLLVSUREDYDQMH2YDNDYSULVWXSMHSRJRGDQLXVOXþDMHYLPD
NDGD VH L]YUãDYDMX MHGQRVWDYQH 64/ QDUHGEH QDUHGEH NRMH QH VDGUåH XJQMHåGDYDQMH
QH REXKYDWDMX NRPELQRYDQH SRGDWNH L] YLãH WDEHOD L NDGD MH FLOMQL 68%3 XQDSUHG
SR]QDWLQHSURPHQOMLY
=D UD]OLþLWH YUVWH 68%3 SD þHN L ]D UD]OLþLWH YHU]LMH 68%3 RG LVWLK SURL]YRÿDþD
SRVWRMHUD]OLNHXVLQWDNVL64/QDUHGEL8VOXþDMXSURPHQHLOLLQVWDODFLMRPQRYHYHU]LMH
68%3 QHUHWNR MH SRWUHEQR PHQMDWL NRG 64/ QDUHGEL NRML VH QDOD]L X REMHNWLPD
NRULVQLþNRJ LQWHUIHMVD 2YR MH MHGQD RG NOMXþQLK VODERVWL SULVWXSD SRGDFLPD L]
SUH]HQWDFLRQRJVORMD
3RVORYQHDSOLNDFLMHVX]QDWQRVORåHQLMH=DVORåHQLMH 14 DSOLNDFLMHRYDNDYSULVWXSEL
GRYHRGRNRQIX]LMHYHüXSURFHVXLPSOHPHQWDFLMHMHUELVHSUHNODSDOLSRVORYLGL]DMQHUD
LSURJUDPHUD2GUåDYDQMHLXSUDYOMDQMHQHUDVORMHQLP VRIWYHURPMHPXNRWUSQRLþHVWR
LVSRGRþHNLYDQLKUH]XOWDWD
14
6ORåHQRVWDSOLNDFLMHL]PHÿXRVWDORJSUHGVWDYOMHQDMHEURMHPUD]OLþLWLKIXNFLRQDOQRVWLNRMH
DSOLNDFLMDPRåHGDREDYL
217
Baze podataka
11.2.2 3ULVWXSSRGDFLPDL]VORMD SRVORYQHORJLNH
2YRMHQDMþHãüHNRULãüHQSULVWXSNRGYLãHVORMQLKDSOLNDFLMD8VORMXSRVORYQHORJLNH
SRVWRMH HQWLWHWL NODVH LOL PRGXOL NRML VX ]DGXåHQL ]D NRPXQLNDFLMX VD %3 3UHRVWDOL
GHORYL DSOLNDFLMH UD]PHQMXMX SRGDWNH VD %3 LVNOMXþLYR SUHNR RYLK HQWLWHWD 8 223
NODVHNRMHRPRJXüDYDMXLQWHUDNFLMXVD%3RELþQRVXYHüGL]DMQLUDQHLLPSOHPHQWLUDQH
RG VWUDQH SURL]YRÿDþD 68%3 LOL SURL]YRÿDþD VRIWYHUVNLK DODWD ]D UD]YRM DSOLNDFLMD
7DNYH NODVH VX CDatabase, CRecordset NODVH L] 0LFURVRIW 0)& IRQGDFLMH NODVD
ResultSet, Connection NODVHX-DYD-LQRPSDNHWXjava.sql.*. 3RVDRSURJUDPHUDMHLOLGD
NRULVWL QDYHGHQH NODVH X RULJLQDOQRP REOLNX LOL GD NUHLUD QRYH NODVH L]YRÿHQMHP L]
SRQXÿHQLKPRGLILNXMXüLLPIXQNFLRQDOQRVWLSUHPDVSHFLILþQLPSRWUHEDPDDSOLNDFije.
8 VOHGHüHP SULPHUX 6OLND 11.8 SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH NRG SLVDQ X & NRML NRULVWL
CDatabase NODVXXRVQRYQRPREOLNXGDELRVWYDULRNRQHNFLMXV%3OLQ– %3]YDQD
baza L L]YHGHQX NODVX ProizvodiSet iz CRecordset NODVH ]D SUHX]LPDQMH SRGDWDND L]
WDEHOH SURL]YRGD $NR MH NRQHNFLMD V %3 XVSRVWDYOMHQD GLQDPLþNL VH NUHLUD pSet –
objekat klase ProizvodiSet OLQ )XQNFLMD Open QDDVOHÿHQD MH L] CRecordset klase.
2YDIXQNFLMDLPDRSFLRQLEURMDUJXPHQDWD-HGDQRGDUJXPHQDWDMH64/QDUHGEDNRMD
WUHEDGDVHL]YUãLX%3$NRQHPDDUJXPHQWHSRGUD]XPHYDVHGDVHX]LPDFHORNXSDQ
VNXS]DSLVDL]WDEHOHSURL]YRGD
Slika 11.8: .RPXQLNDFLMDVD%3L]&OHYRL-DYDGHVQRDSOLNDFLMH– SULPHUL
Objekat pSet SULKYDWD VYH SRGDWNH GRELMHQH L] %3 .RQNUHWQLP SRGDFLPD
SRMHGLQDþQLK]DSLVDVHSULVWXSDXFLNOLþQRMVWUXNWXULwhile SHWOMDOLQ-3RGDFLVH
GRELMDMX SRVUHGQR SUHNR pSet REMHNWD NRML VDGUåL SRGDWNH NRML RGJRYDUDMX SROMLPD
RGJRYDUDMXüH WDEHOH 1D SULPHU SRGDWDN m_Naziv X NODVL ProizvodiSet OLQ
218
Baze podataka
RGJRYDUD SROMX naziv X WDEHOL proizvodi 1DNRQ SUHX]LPDQMD SRGDWDND MHGQRJ ]DSLVD
SR]LYD VH IXQNFLMD MoveNext QDVOHÿHQD RG NODVH CRecordset, WDNR GD VH X VOHGHüRM
LWHUDFLML SUHX]LPDMX SRGDFL VOHGHüHJ ]DSLVD L] WDEHOH 1DNRQ SUHX]LPDQMD SRGDWDND
]DWYDUD VH L XQLãWDYD pSet REMHNDW OLQ L NRQHNFLMD V ED]RP OLQ 2VWDOH
QDUHGEHOLQGRNUDMDQDPHQMHQHVX]DUHãDYDQMHJUHãDNDWRNRPNRQHNFLMHV%3
8VOHGHüHPIUDJPHQWX6OLND11.8SUHGVWDYOMHQRMHNRULãüHQMH-DYDNODVDL]SDNHWD

java.sql 1DNRQ LQVWDQFLUDQMD SRWUHEQLK REMHNDWD Connection, ResultSet,
ResultSetMetaData, StatementYUãLVHSRYH]LYDQMHVED]RPOLQD]DWLPL]YUãHQMH
64/QDUHGEH]DGRGDYDQMHQRYRJ]DSLVDXWDEHOXt_mtutor_groups OLQ1DNRQWRJD
]DWYDUDVHNRQHNFLMDVD%3DVYHQDUHGEHVHREPRWDYDMXXtry catch EORNUDGLNRQWUROH
JUHãNH
&ODVV<
DB broker 1
%XLVQHVV/D\HU&ODVVHV
DBMS
DB broker 2
&ODVV;
DB broker 3
Slika 11.9: 3ULVWXS%3L]NODVDSRVORYQHORJLNH
2EDSULPHUDXND]XMXQDYHRPDVOLþQXPHWRGRORJLMX1DMSUHVHLQVWDQFLUDMXSRWUHEQL
REMHNWL]DWLPVHXVSRVWDYLNRQHNFLMDVFLOMQRP%3REDYLVHåHOMHQLWUDQVIHUSRGDWDND
3UL WRPH SRGDFL VH X]LPDMXPHQMDMXGRGDMX L]X WDEHOH %3 NRULãüHQMHP REMHNDWD X
slojX SRVORYQH ORJLNH 3UH ]DYUãHWND PHWRGD NRQHNFLMD V %3 VH ]DWYDUD QD QDþLQ
SUHGYLÿHQVWDQGDUGQLPSURWRNRORPDFHODRSHUDFLMDVHQDG]LUHNRULãüHQMHPtry catch
EORNRYD]DNRQWUROXQHåHOMHQLKL]X]HWDND3UHGQRVWRYDNYRJSULVWXSDMHãWRVHREMHNWL
NRMLUD]PHQMXMXSRGDWNHVD%3GL]DMQLUDMXSRWSXQRQH]DYLVQRRGSUH]HQWDFLRQRJVORMD
6OLND 11.9 2YL REMHNWL W]Y data brokers SUHX]LPDMX XORJX SRVUHGQLND L]PHÿX
HQWLWHWDX%3LRVWDOLKREMHNDWDDSOLNDFLMH
219
Baze podataka
11.2.3 3ULVWXSL]VORMDSRGDWDNDSR]LYXJQMHåGHQLKSURFHGXUD
PULVWXS SRGDFLPD X %3 L] VORMD SRVORYQH ORJLNH LPD QHNROLNR QHGRVWDWDND 2YL
QHGRVWDFL SURL]LOD]H L] þLQMHQLFH GD VH 64/ QDUHGEH ]D XSLWH EULVDQMD GRGDYDQMD L
L]PHQHSRGDWDNDQDOD]HGLUHNWQRXL]YRUQRPNRGXDSOLNDFLMH]DSUDYRXNODVDPDVORMD
SRVORYQH ORJLNH 7DNR]YDQR hardcode-LUDQMH QDUXãDYD RSWLPL]RYDQRVW NRGD - WLPH L
FHOH DSOLNDFLMH 3ULVWXS %3 L] VORMD SRGDWDND SRYHüDYD RELP NRGD þLPH VH RWHåDYD
QMHJRYRDåXULUDQMH1DSULPHUDNRVHYUãLSURPHQDVWUXNWXUHLOLQD]LYDMHGQHWDEHOHX
%3 RYR DåXULUDQMH PRUD GD VH L]YHGH X VYLP 64/ QDUHGEDPD X L]YRUQRP NRGX X
NRMLPD VH UHIHUHQFLUDMX SRGDFL WH WDEHOH 7UDQ]LMHQWQR DSOLNDFLMD PRUD SRQRYR GD VH
JHQHULãHLQVWDOLUDLSRGHãDYD.RGDSOLNDFLMDXYHOLNLPSRVORYQLPVLVWHPLPDRYDNDY
SULVWXSPRåHGDVWYRULPQRJHSUREOHPH
5HãHQMH]DRYDNDYSUREOHPMHizmeštanje 64/QDUHGELL]L]YRUQRJNRGDDSOLNDFLMHX
68%364/QDUHGEHVHXJQMHåGDYDMX NDRSURFHGXUHstored procedureXFLOMQX%3X
MHGQRP 68%3 PRåH ELWL YLãH %3 9HüLQD GDQDãQMLK 68%3 RPRJXüDYD NUHLUDQMH
XJQMHåGHQLKSURFHGXUD
)UDJPHQW'HILQLVDQMHXJQMHåGHQHSURFHGXUH– primer
8JRUQMHPIUDJPHQWX)UDJPHQWSULND]DQDMHGHILQLFLMDXJQMHåGHQHSURFHGXUH

X68%30\64/[8JQMHåGHQDSURFHGXUDVOLþQDMHELORNRMRMIXQNFLMLL]X]HYãWRQH
YUDüD YUHGQRVWL YHü VDGUåL VDPR SDUDPHWUH 3DUDPHWUL PRJX ELWL XOD]QL – R]QDþHQL
VOXåEHQRP UHþMX IN L L]OD]QL – R]QDþHQL VOXåEHQRP UHþMX OUT .RG SURFHGXUD NRMH
YUDüDMX YLãH ]DSLVD þHVWR VH GHILQLãX VDPR XOD]QL SDUDPHWUL 8PHVWR L]OD]QLK
SDUDPHWDUD UH]XOWDWL ]DSLVL VH SULKYDWDMX NRULãüHQMHP NODVH NRMD HQNDSVXOLUD VNXS
]DSLVDQSU ResultSet, ili CRecordset 3UL GHILQLVDQMX SURFHGXUD VH QDMSUH LPHQXMHL
GHNODULãXVHQMHQLSDUDPHWULOLQ,PSOHPHQWDFLMD]DSRþLQMHVOXåEHQRPUHþMXBEGIN
D]DYUãDYDVOXåEHQRPUHþMXEND,]PHÿXSRþHWNDLNUDMDMHWHORSURFHGXUHXYLGX64/
izraza koji treba da VH L]YUãL OLQ 8OD]QL SDUDPHWUL SURFHGXUH VH X WHOX NRULVWH
QDMþHãüH NDR NULWHULMXPL 64/ L]UD]D u_id 'HILQLVDQH SURFHGXUH VH SR]LYDMX L]
DSOLNDFLMHSURVOHÿLYDQMHPDUJXPHQDWDLSULKYDWDQMHPUH]XOWDWDQMLKRYRJL]YUãHQMD
8 VOHGHüHP SULPHUX )UDJPHQW SULND]DQ MH QDþLQ NRULãüHQMD XJQMHåGHQH
SURFHGXUH X -DYD NRGX 1DMSUH VH OLQ SUHNR REMHNWD NRQHNFLMH VD %3 conn YUãL
QMHQR SR]LYDQMH QD]LY SURFHGXUHMHspUsedTestSetsL SUHX]LPDQMH RGVWUDQH REMHNWD
DSOLNDFLMHcs=DWLPVHSUHNRLVWRJREMHNWD SURVOHÿXMXSDUDPHWULOLQ
220
Baze podataka
)UDJPHQW'HILQLVDQMHXJQMHåGHQHSURFHGXUH- primer
8SLW VH L]YUãDYD HNVSOLFLWQLP SR]LYDQMHP OLQ 5H]XOWDWL XSLWD VH SULKYDWDMX X
objekat klase Recordset rs .UR] FLNOLþQX VWUXNWXUX OLQ- SUHX]LPDMX VH
SRMHGLQDþQLSRGDFLL]VNXSD]DSLVDGRELMHQLKXSLWRP
&ODVV< Stored
3URFHGXUH1
%XLVQHVV/D\HU&ODVVHV
DBMS
Stored
&ODVV; 3URFHGXUH2
Slika 11.103ULVWXS%3L]XJQMHåGHQLKSURFHGXUD
.RULãüHQMH XJQMHåGHQLK SURFHGXUD VPDQMXMH NRPSOHNVQRVW VORMD SRVORYQH ORJLNH

6OLND 11.10 6 GUXJH VWUDQH SRYHüDYD VH NRPSOHNVQRVW %3 L RSWHUHüXMH VH 68%3
3RVOHGLFD WRJD MH GD VH GHR SURJUDPHUVNLK SRVORYD SUHEDFXMH QD DGPLQLVWUDWRUH %3
8JQMHåGDYDQMH SURFHGXUD LPD MRã MHGQX ]QDþDMQX SUHGQRVW 3URFHGXUH VH SUDYH ]D
FLOMQX YUVWX L YHU]LMX 68%3 2QH VH WHVWLUDMX EH] SRWUHEH SRYH]LYDQMD V ELOR NDNYRP
DSOLNDFLMRP 1D WDM QDþLQ MH RODNãDQR RGUåDYDQMH L SURãLULYDQMH VORåHQLK VLVWHPD QD
QLYRXSRGDWDND
221
Baze podataka
11.3 7(+12/2*,-( .2-( 202*8û$9$-8 5$=0(18 32'$7$.$

,=0(Ĉ8%3,$3/,.$&,-$
11.3.1 2'%&2EMHFW'DWDEDVH&RQQHFWLYLW\
2'%&YH]QLNVHRVWYDUXMH NRULãüHQMHP2'%&driver-D2'%&driver MHVLVWHPVNL

VRIWYHUVNLSURL]YRGVSHFLMDOQHQDPHQH2'%&driver-LVXSRGSURJUDPLNRMLVHVDPL]D
VHEH QH PRJX NRULVWLWL $SOLNDFLMH PRJX SULVWXSDWL SRGDFLPD X 68%3 SUHNR 2'%&
YH]QLNDNRMLVHGHILQLãHQDGVSHFLILþQLP2'%&driver-RP=DVYDNXYHU]LMXVLVWHPD]D
XSUDYOMDQMH%3LRSHUDWLYQRJVLVWHPDGL]DQLUDMXVH]DVHEQL2'%&driver-L7R]QDþLGD
VH QD SULPHU QH PRåH NRULVWLWL LVWL 2'%& driver ]D YHU]LMX L ]D YHU]LMX 68%3
0\64/ ,VWR WDNR 2'%& driver ]D LVWX YHU]LMX 68%3 QSU0\64/ Y QH PRåH VH
NRULVWLWLQDUD]OLþLWLPSODWIRUPDPD/LQX[:LQGRZV26
Slika 11.11: 3RVWRMHüL2'%&YH]QLFLXVLVWHPX
3URL]YRÿDþL26RELþQRXLQVWDODFLML26QXGHYHüQL]YH]QLND]DQMLKRYH68%31D
SULPHU 0LFURVRIW X] :LQGRZV 26 LQVWDOLUD QD VLVWHP 2'%& YH]QLNH ]D QMHJRYH
68%3$FFHVV64/VHUYHU)R[3UR6SLVDNYH]QLNDMHGRVWXSDQL]DGPLQLVWUDWRUVNH
NRQ]ROHControl Panel-D6OLND11.11
7HKQRORJLMD 2'%&-D IXQNFLRQLãH QD VOHGHüL QDþLQ 1DMSUH VH ELUD RGJRYDUDMXüL
2'%& driver. 1DNRQ WRJD VH ELUD ED]D SRGDWDND V NRMRP DSOLNDFLMD WUHED GD
UD]PHQMXMHSRGDWNH3UHNUHLUDQMDDSOLNDFLMHSRWUHEQRMHL]YUãLWLUHJLVWURYDQMH%3NRMRM
üHVHSULVWXSDWLSRVUHGVWYRP2'%&YH]QLND6OLND11.12 DLE
222
Baze podataka
Slika 11.12: 3RGHãDYDQMHNRQHNFLMHND%3
5HJLVWUDFLMDMHREDYH]QDLREXKYDWDGRGHOXQD]LYD2'%&YH]QLNXLR]QDþDYDQMH%3
NRMDüHSUHGVWDYOMDWLL]YRUSRGDWDNDX2'%&YH]QLNX1D]LY2'%&YH]QLNDQHPRUD
LPDWLQLNDNYHYH]HVDVWYDUQLPQD]LYRP%3X68%31DNRQRYRJ NUDWNRJSRVWXSND
2'%&YH]QLNMHVSUHPDQ]DNRULãüHQMH
Slika 11.13: .RULãüHQMH2'%&YH]QLNDL]&DSOLNDFLML
223
Baze podataka
8DSOLNDFLML6OLND11.13VHSR]LYDL]YRUSRGDWDND2'%&YH]QLNSRVYRPLPHQX

'DOMHVHSULVWXSDWDEHODPDX%3SUHNRQD]LYDWDEHODSROMLPDXWDEHODPDSUHNRQD]LYD
SROMD 8 SULPHUX VD VOLNH QD]LY 2'%& MH baza. 7DEHOD NRMRM VH SULVWXSD QD]LYD VH
Zabeleske D ID, datum, poruka VX SROMD X WDEHOL .RPXQLNDFLMD SUHJOHGDQMH
GRGDYDQMHXNODQMDQMHLHGLWRYDQMH]DSLVDYUãLVHNRULãüHQMHP64/MH]LNDVSHFLILþQRJ
]D68%3NRMLVDGUåL%3þLMHSRGDWNHDSOLNDFLMDNRULVWL
11.3.2 $'2$FWLYH;'DWD2EMHFWV
ADO – $FWLYH; 'DWD 2EMHFWV SUHGVWDYOMD WHKQRORJLMX NRMD RPRJXüDYD SULVWXS

VYHPXãWRPRåHGDSRVHGXMHSRGDWNHH-PDLORYL([FHOWDEHOHGDWRWHNH$'2GDNOH
SRVHGXMH PQRJR YHüX IOHNVLELOQRVW X RGQRVX QD YUVWX L]YRUD SRGDWDND QHJR 2'%&
YH]QLFL $'2 WHKQRORJLMD MH GL]DMQLUDQD GD EROMH SRGUåL VDYUHPHQH ]DKWHYH ]D
GLVWULEXLUDQMHPUD]OLþLWLKYLGRYDPXOWLPHGLMDOQLKSRGDWDND
$'2VORMSUHGVWDYOMDQDGJUDGQMXQDG2/(15 UDGLXSURãüDYDQMDSULVWXSDSRGDFLPD
3RGDFLPD NDR ãWR VX YLGHR DXGLR NOLSRYL LOXVWUDFLMH PQRJREURMQL UD]OLþLWL IRUPDWL
GRNXPHQDWD PRJXüH MH SULüL L] NRULVQLþNH DSOLNDFLMH NRULãüHQMHP W]Y $FWLYH;
NRPSRQHQWL3RVWRMLQHNROLNRYUVWDNRPSRQHQWL
1. $XWRPDWL]DFLRQL VHUYHUL Automation Servers L NRQWUROHUL – NRPSRQHQWH

GDYDRFLVHUYHULLSRWUDåLRFLVHUYLVDNRQWUROHUL3ULPHURYDNYRJSULVWXSDVX
DSOLNDFLMH – PDLO DJHQWL NRMH NRULVWH IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL 0LFURVRIW 2XWORRN-D
SULVWXSDXWRPDWL]DFLRQLPVHUYHULPDYUãLVHNRULãüHQMHPIDispatch LQWHUIHMVD
2. $FWLYH; Kontrole –NRQWUROH VX HNYLYDOHQW 2/( &RQWUROV GDWRWHNH VD
HNVWHQ]LMRP 2&; RQH VX QDMþHãüH QDPHQMHQH SURãLUHQMX IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL
NRULVQLþNLK LQWHUIHMVD QSU RPRJXüDYDMX SUHYODþHQMH SUHPHãWDQMH JUDILþNLK
REMHNDWDWDEHODUQXSUH]HQWDFLMXSRGDFLPDL]%3LWG
3. &20 2EMHNWL – X :LQGRZV RSHUDWLYQLP VLVWHPLPD SRVWRML QD VWRWLQH RYLK
REMHNDWDVYDNLRGQMLKVDGUåLYLãHVSHFLILþQLKLQWHUIHMVDNRMLPDVHSULVWXSDL]
NRULVQLþNHDSOLNDFLMH&20REMHNWLVHSURL]YRGH]DYUORUD]OLþLWHQDPHQHSUH
VYHJD]DNRULVQLþNHLQWHUIHMVHQDMþHãüHVSRPLQMDQLVXUHQGHURYDQMH'JUDILNH
LSURPHQDL]JOHGDNRULVQLþNRJLQWHUIHjsa.
4. $FWLYH; Dokumenta –NUHLUDMX VH L HGLWXMX X $FWLYH; VHUYHUVNLP
DSOLNDFLMDPDNDRãWRVX06:RUG06([FHODSULND]XMXVHX$FWLYH;NRQWH-
MQHUVNLPDSOLNDFLMDPDQSU,QWHUQHW([SORUHU
5. $FWLYH; Kontejneri – WR VX QDMVORåHQLMH $FWLYH; NRPSRQHQWH NRMH X VHEH
PRJXGDSULKYDWHDXWRPDWL]DFLRQHVHUYHUHNRQWUROHLGRNXPHQWD
15
2/(Object Linking and Embeding– RYDWHKQRORJLMDMHSUHWKRGQLFD$FWLYH;WHKQRORJLMLL
RPRJXüDYDOD MH LQWHJUDFLMX SRGDWDND UD]OLþLWLK IRUPDWD L L] UD]QRURGQLK GRNXPHQDWD X
MHGQRPGRNXPHQWNRQWHMQHUX5D]OLNDXRGQRVXQD$FWLYH;MHãWRMHRPRJXüDYDODSUHJOHd
DOLQHLHGLWRYDQMHSRGDWDNDL]GUXJRJL]YRULãWD
224
Baze podataka
.RULãüHQMHP $'2 REMHNDWD X DSOLNDFLMDPD VPDQMXMH VH NRPSOHNVQRVW DSOLNDFLMH

EURM OLQLMD NRGD QDSLVDQLK UDGL RVWYDULYDQMD QHNH IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL7LPH VH VPDQMXMH
YUHPHSRWUHEQR]DL]JUDGQMXDSOLNDFLMHLSRYHüDYDSURGXNWLYQRVWSURJUDPLUDQMD
11.3.3 '$2'DWD$FFHVV2EMHFWV
'$2 SUHGVWDYOMD NRPSRQHQWX NRMD REH]EHÿXMH ]DMHGQLþNL LQWHUIHMV L]PHÿX

DSOLNDFLMDLRGUHÿHQRJVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDFLOMQRJ68%30HVWRNRMH]DX]LPD'$2X
YLãHVORMQRM DUKLWHNWXUL DSOLNDFLMD MH QD JUDQLFL VORMD SRVORYQH ORJLNH L VORMD SRGDWDND
6OLND11.14
Slika 11.14: $SOLNDFLMHL'$2
'$2RPRJXüDYDDXWRPDWL]DFLMXRGQRVQRSRWSXQXQH]DYLVQRVWREMHNDWDDSOLNDFLMH
RGSUH]HQWDFLMHSRGDWDNDXFLOMQRM%3'$2WHKQRORJLMDL]EHJDYDSRWUHEXUHJLVWURYDQMD
NDR ãWR MH WR VOXþDM VD 2'%& YH]QLFLPD )RNXVLUDQD MH LVNOMXþLYR QD %3 NDR L]YRUH
podataka. %D]L SRGDWDND SUHNR '$2 REMHNDWD SULVWXSD VH GLUHNWQR '$2 REMHNWL X
DSOLNDFLMLSRQDãDMXVHNDRNOLMHQWLXRGQRVXQD68%32PRJXüDYDSRWSXQLMXNRQWUROXL
MHGQRVWDYQLMLSULVWXSVYLPHQWLWHWLPDX68%3
225
Baze podataka
Slika 11.15: .RULãüHQMH'$2
'$2 WHKQRORJLMD YUãL REDYLMDQMH DSOLNDFLRQLP REMHNWLPD VYLK REMHNDWD X 68%3

þLWDY VLVWHP 68%3 %3 WDEHOH SROMD LQGHNVL XSLWL NRULVQLþNH JUXSH SRMHGLQDþQL
NRULVQLþNL QDOR]LLWG 1DWDMQDþLQ L]EHJDYD VH SRWUHED SULVWXSD QHNRP SRVUHGQLþNRP
HQWLWHWX NDR ãWR MH WR 2'%& 8QRV SRGDWDND X WDEHOX L]LVNXMH VYHJD OLQLMD NRGD
6OLND 11. JRUH GRN SUHX]LPDQMH SRGDWDND SR ]DGDWRP NULWHULMXPX ]DKWHYD
QHNROLNROLQLMDNRGDYLãH6OLND11.15 GROH
11.3.4 -'%&-DYD'DWDEDVH&RQQHFWLYLW\
8SDOHWLWHKQRORJLMDNRMHVHNRULVWH]DSRYH]LYDQMHDSOLNDFLMDVD%3L]GYDMDMXVHNDR
SRVHEQD JUXSD -DYD WHKQRORJLMH 2YH WHKQRORJLMH ]DVQRYDQH VX QD VSHFLILþQLP
VYRMVWYLPD -DYD SURJUDPVNRJ MH]LND 3ODWIRUPVND QH]DYLVQRVW RULMHQWLVDQRVW SUHPD
PUHåQRP SURJUDPLUDQMX L ,QWHUQHWX NDR L L]JUDGQML GLVWULEXLUDQLK LQIRUPDFLRQLK
VLVWHPD XþLQLOR MH -DYD-X PRåGD QDMGRPLQDQWQLMH NRULãüHQLP MH]LNRP X L]JUDGQML
DSOLNDFLMD X ]DGQMLP JRGLQDPD SURãORJ PLOHQLMXPD L X RYRP PLOHQLMXPX -DYD
WHKQRORJLMHVXVYXJGHRGDSOLNDFLMD]DYHOLNHSRVORYQHVLVWHPHGRPRELOQLKDSOLNDFLMD
NRMH VDPH PLJULUDMX VD MHGQRJ QD GUXJX UDþXQDUVNX SODWIRUPX PRELOQL VRIWYHUVNL
DJHQWLLOLDSOLNDFLMD]DPRELOQXWHOHIRQLMX
226
Baze podataka
Slika 11.16: -'%&WHKQRORJLMDSRYH]LYDQMDDSOLNDFLMDL68%3
'RPLQDQWQD WHKQRORJLMD ]D SRYH]LYDQMH -DYD DSOLNDFLMD QD 68%3 MH -'%& 6OLND
11.163RVWRMLYHOLNDVOLþQRVWL]PHÿX2'%&L-'%&NRQHNWRUD6XãWLQVNDUD]OLNDMHGD
-'%&NRQHNWRUQHWUHEDGDVHUHJLVWUXMHQDVLVWHPGDELELRRSHUDWLYDQLGDVHNRQHNWRU
SUDYL SUHPD FLOMQRP 68%3 -'%& NRQHNWRU QH NRULVWL UHVXUVH 26 YHü UHVXUVH -DYD
YLUWXDOQH PDãLQH -90 16 ,VWL -'%& NRQHNWRU NRULVWH NRQNXUHQWVNL UD]OLþLWH MDYD
DSOLNDFLMH 1D WUåLãWX VH PRJX SURQDüL UD]OLþLWL -'%& NRQHNWRUL ]D LVWH 68%3
1DMSRX]GDQLMHUHãHQMHMHNRULãüHQMHNRQHNWRUDNRML]D-DYD-XQXGLSURL]YRÿDþ68%3
11.3.5 (QWHUSULVH-DYD%HDQV
Enterprise Java Beans (-%SUHGVWDYOMDMXQDGJUDGQMXNRMDNRULVWL-'%&NRQHNWRUH

NRPELQRYDQH VD GUXJLP -DYD WHKQRORJLMDPD QSU 50, &25%$ X FLOMX SRVWL]DQMD
YLVRNHSURGXNWLYQRVWLXL]JUDGQMLGLVWULEXLUDQLK,6]DVQRYDQLKQD-DYDWHKQRORJLMDPD
3RVWRML YUVWH (-% REMHNDWD (-% VHVLMH L (-% HQWLWHWD (-% VHVLMH VX NOLMHQWVNL
RUMHQWLVDQLLWUDMXNROLNRLVHVLMDL]PHÿXNOLMHQWVNHLVHUYHUVNHDSOLNDFLMHYLGLSRJODYOMH
11.2(-%HQWLWHWDSUHGVWDYOMDSRVUHGQLNDL]PHÿX DSOLNDFLMHL68%3
(-%HQWLWHWDVXSHU]LVWHQWQLSRVWRMDQLREMHNWLNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXpoglede QDåHOMHQH

SRGDWNHL]%32QLVXVPHãWHQLX(-%NRQWHMQHUXGHOXVHUYHUVNHDSOLNDFLMHLSRVWRMDQL
VXþDNLDNRGRÿHGRSDGD-903ULSRQRYQRPSRGL]DQMXVLVWHPDGROD]LLGRQMLKRYRJ
SRQRYQRJ LQVWDQFLUDQMD VD SRGDFLPD GR PRPHQWD SDGD (-% HQWLWHWD LQWHUDJXMX
SRVUHGVWYRP-'%&VD68%3QDLVWLQDþLQNDRL-DYDNODVHNRMHQHNRULVWHEneterprise
RNUXåHQMH
16
JVM – -DYD9LUWXDO0DFKLQHSUHGVWDYOMDSRVUHGQLNDL]PHÿXSODWIRUPVNRJ26L-DYD
DSOLNDFLMD
227
Baze podataka
Slika 11.17: 0HVWR(-%WHKQRORJLMHXGLVWULEXLUDQLP,6
0RWLYDFLMD]DNRULãüHQMH(-%MHXPRJXüQRVWLPDNRPELQRYDQMDUDOLþLWLKWHKQRORJLMD
50,PHVVDJLQJLWGLMHGQRVWDYQLMHJQDþLQDREH]EHÿLYDQMDEROMLKSHUIRUPDVLVLVWHPD
WUDQVDNFLRQDSRGUãNDSHU]LVWHQWQRVWSRGDWDND
3ULVWXSED]DPDSRGDWDNDL]DSOLNDFLMDPRåHVHUHãLWLQDYHOLNLEURMUD]OLþLWLKQDþLQD
0QRJREURMQH WHKQRORJLMH LPDMX ]D FLOM GD YUHPH L]JUDGQMH VORåHQLK SRVORYQLK
DSOLNDFLMD ãWR YLãH VNUDWH D V GUXJH VWUDQH GD SREROMãDMX NYDOLWHW DSOLNDFLMD X VPLVOX
SHUIRUPDQVL SRX]GDQRVWL IOHNVLELOQRVWL L VLJXUQRVWL SRGDWDND 8 MHGQRVWDYQLMLP
DSOLNDFLMDPDLXUDGXVDWUDQVSDUHQWQLMLPSRGDFLPDPRåHVHNRULVWLWLSULVWXSSRGDFLPD
L]NRULVQLþNRJLQWHUIHMVD6ORåHQLVLVWHPLNRMLVXQDMþHãüHLGLVWULEXLUDQL]DKWHYDMXGDVH
SRGDFLPD SULVWXSD L] VORMD SRVORYQH ORJLNH LOL SR]LYDQMHP XJQMHåGHQLK SURFHGXUD X
228
Baze podataka
68%3 3ODWIRUPVNL 26 SURJUDPVNL MH]LN X NRPH VH VLVWHP LPSOHPHQWLUD NRULVQLþNL
]DKWHYL X SRJOHGX IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL DSOLNDFLMH RJUDQLþLüH GL]DMQHUH L SURJUDPHUH QD
L]ERUNRQNUHWQHWHKQRORJLMH]DSRYH]LYDQMHDSOLNDFLMHVD%36YDNDRGSUHGVWDYOMHQLK
WHKQRORJLMD LPD UD]OLþLWH SUHGQRVWL L QHGRVWDWNH NRMH LPSOHPHQWDWRUL PRUDMX GD
UD]XPHMX NDNR EL QDSUDYLOL SUDYL L]ERU 'REDU L]ERU WHKQRORJLMH SUHGVWDYOMD RVQRYX
GREURJSRþHWNDL]JUDGQMH,6
11.3.6 2NUXåHQMD]DLQGLUHNWDQSULVWXS 68%3250)UDPHZRUNV
3UHWKRGQR RSLVDQL QDþLQL SULVWXSDQMD '%06 VX SR VYRMRM SULURGL QHSRVUHGQL EH]
RE]LUDGDOLVHUDGLRSULVWXSXL]VORMDNRULQLþNRJLQWHUIHMVDLOLVORMDSRVORYQHORJLNH
'UXJLP UHþLPD L]YRUQL NRG DSOLNDFLMH VDGUåL 64/ QDUHGEH NRMH VX VSHFLILþQH ]D
RGUHÿHQLWLS'%062YDNDUDNWHULVWLNDSUHGVWDYOMDSRWHQFLMDOQXVODERVWXVOXþDMXGDVH
SRGDFLPLJULUDMXL]MHGQRJWLSD'%06XQHNLGUXJLRGSRWSXQRGUXJRJSURL]YRÿDþD
1DSULPHUDNRMHSRVORYQL]DKWHYGDVHSRGDFLYLãHQHþXYDMXX'%06RWYRUHQRJNRGD
YHü X QHNRP NRPHUFLMDOQRP VLVWHPX 0LJUDFLMD MH PRJXüD DOL SRUHG SUHEDFLYDQMD
SRGDWDND QHRSKRGQR MH PHQMDWL 64/ VNULSWRYH X L]YRUQRP NRGX DSOLNDFLMH UDGL
SULODJRÿHQMDQRYRP'%06ãWRQDMþHãüHSUHGVWDYOMDQDMYHüLGHRSRVOD
2YDNDYH VFHQDULMR PRåH GD VH L]EHJQH ]DKYDOMXMXüL SRVWRMDQMX RNUXåHQMD ]a

LQGLUHNWDQ SULVWXS 6OLND 8 2YD RNUXåHQMD IUDPHZRUNV VX LPSOHPHQWLUDQD NDR
VRIWYHUVNL PRGXOL – ELEOLRWHNH NODVD LOL IXQNFLMD NRMH VH XNOMXþXMX D WLPH SRVWDMX
VDVWDYQLGHORYLDSOLNDFLMD2NUXåHQMD]DLQGLUHNWDQSULVWXSVH]DVQLYDMXQDREMHNWQR–
UHODFLRQRP PDSLUDQMX SD VH MRã QD]LYDMX L 250 RNUXåHQMLPD 250 'UXLP UHþLPD
VYDNDWDEHODX%3NRMXNRULVWLDSOLNDFLMDVHPDSLUDQDRGJRYDUDMXüXNODVXWLSSRGDWND
X 223 DSOLNDFLMH 1D SULPHU DNR X %3 SRVWRMLWDEHOD proizvod QMRM RGJRYDUD NODVD
Proizvod GHILQLVDQD X NRGX DSOLNDFLMH 7DNR GD SULOLNRP VWDUWRYDQMD DSOLNDFLMH
SRGDFLPD MHGQRJ ]DSLVD L] WDEHOH proizvod 250 RNUXåHQMH SXQL MHGQX LQVWDQFX
REMHNDWNODVHProizvod XUDGQRMPHPRULMLDSOLNDFLMH'DOMHXWRNXUDGDDSOLNDFLMHVH
PDQLSXODFLMDSRGDFLPDXL]YRUQRPNRGXYUãLLQGLUHNWQo – XPHVWRGDVHPHQMDMXSRGDFL
X ]DSLVLPD WDEHOD %3 WR VH YUãL X REMHNWLPD – LQVWDQFDPD NODVD X DSOLNDFLM D 250
RNUXåHQMHYUãLSR]DKWHYXQMLKRYXVLQKURQL]DFLMXVDSRGDFLPDRGJRYDUDMXüHJ]DSLVDX
tabeli BP.
229
Baze podataka
Slika 11.18: 3RVUHGDQSULVWXSDSOLNDFLMH'%0S-X
3RãWR 250 RNUXåHQMD SULNRULãüHQMXSRVWDMX GHR DSOLNDFLMHSULOLNRP L]ERUD PRUD

GD VH YRGL UDþXQD GD VX SLVDQD X SURJUDPVNRP MH]LNX X NRP MH SLVDQD L DSOLNDFLMD
7DNR GD QDMSR]QDWLML SULPHUL RNUXåHQMD ]D LQGLUHNWDQ SULVWXS L] -DYD SURJUDPVNRJ
jezika sX Hibernate i Eclipse Link ]D 3\WRQ SURJUDPVNL MH]LN WR VX Django
SQLAlchemy i Storm ]D & WR MH 0LFURVRIW-RYR UHãHQMH ADO Entity Framework i
1KLEHUQDWHopen source UHãHQMH
230
Baze podataka
12 ;0/,%$=(32'$7$.$
6DYUHPHQLLQIRUPDFLRQLVLVWHPL,6SUHGVWDYOMDMXPUHåQHDSOLNDFLMH]DVQRYDQHQD
LQWHUQHWWHKQRORJLMDPDELORGDVXNRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMVLUHDOL]RYDQLXYLGXGHVNWRSIRUPL
:HE VWUDQLFD LOL SRVHEQLK IRUPL ]D SUHQRVQH XUHÿDMH NDR ãWR VX SDPHWQL WHOHIRQL L
WDEOHW UDþXQDUL 8VOHG þHVWLK SURPHQD X SUHGX]HüLPD QSU XQXWUDãQMH RUJDQL]DFLRQH
SURPHQH LOL NXSRSURGDMD þLWDYLK NRPSDQLMD SRVWRML SRWUHED L ]D XGUXåLYDQMHP
LQWHJUDFLMRP ,6 -H]JUR VYDNRJ ,6 VX QMHJRYH ED]H SRGDWDND %3 3RVORYQL ,6
VNODGLãWH VOLþQH QHUHWNR LVWH SRGDWNH NRML VX VWUXNWXLUDQL L IRUPDWLUDQL QD UD]OLþLWH
QDþLQH7RMHMHGDQRGQDMþHãüLKSUREOHPDLQWHJUDFLMH,6
.DR UHãHQMH SUHSR]QDWH VX WHKQRORJLMH ]DVQRYDQH QD ;0/-X Extensible Markup
Language )RUPDW L VWUXNWXUD SRGDWDND X %3 RVWDMX QHSURPHQMHQL PHQMD VH VDPR
QDþLQQMLKRYRJSUHGVWDYOMDQMD- QMLKRYDSUH]HQWDFLMDYDQ%3'UXJLPUHþLPD- UD]OLþLWH
DSOLNDFLMHXRNYLUXLVWRJLOLUD]OLþLWLK,6UD]PHQMXMXSRGDWNHNDR;0/GRNXPHQWDþLML
MHVDGUåDMKLMHUDUKLMVNLVWUXNWXLUDQLRSLVDQUHþQLNRPSRGDWDNDWDNRGDVXPRJXüHEU]H
WUDQVIRUPDFLMH VDGUåDMD L]PHÿX ;0/ WHNVWXDOQRJ IRUPDWD L IRUPDWD FLOMQH %3
3URL]YRÿDþLVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMH%368%3VXRWLãOLLNRUDNQDSUHG- RPRJXüHQRMH
VNODGLãWHQMH SRGDWDND X ;0/ IRUPDWX RPRJXüHQL VX GLUHNWQL XSLWL PDQLSXODFLMD L
WUDQVDNFLMH QDG ;0/ IRUPDWLUDQLP SRGDFLPD Native XML %3 2YDNYR UHãHQMH MH
SUHSR]QDWR QDURþLWR NDR SRWUHED XQXWDU NRPSDQLMD XQXWDU LVWRJ ,6 MHU VH L]EHJDYD
GYRVWUXNDWUDQVIRUPDFLMDSRGDWDNDL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMD- XþHVQLNDXUD]PHQL
%D]HSRGDWDNDNRMHELORGDVDPRSRGUåDYDMXWUDQVIRUPDFLMXSRGDWDNDXL];0/
IRUPDWDLOLREH]EHÿXMXLVNODGLãWHQMHXSLWHLPDQLSXODFLMXSRGDFLPDX;0/IRUPDWX
QD]LYDMXVH;0/ED]DPDSRGDWDND;0/%3
12.1 23â7(2;0/-U
;0/ SUHGVWDYOMD MH]LN NRML MH QDPHQMHQ ]D SUHGVWDYOMDQMH SRGDWDND L PHWD -
podDWDNDLNRMLMHSURãLUOMLYExtensible Markup Language;0/IRUPDWLUDQLSRGDFLVH
þXYDMXXYLGX;0/GRNXPHQDWD- XWHNVWXDOQLPGDWRWHNDPDNRMHVXSUHSR]QDWOMLYHSR
HNVWHQ]LML X QD]LYX xml. ,DNR VH UDGL R WHNVWXDOQRP VDGUåDMX SRGDFL X ;0/
GRNXPHQWX LPDMX KLMHUDUKLMVNX VWUXNWXLUDQRVW 7R VH SRVWLåH ;0/ HOHPHQWLPD 1D
VOHGHüHPSULPHUXREMDãQMHQDMHVWUXNWXUD;0/GRNXPHQWDSlika 12.1
231
Baze podataka
Slika 12.1: 3ULPHUMHGQRVWDYQRJ;0/GRNXPHQWD
1D SUHWKRGQRM VOLFL SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH MHGQRVWDYDQ ;0/ GRNXPHQW NRML VH NRULVWL ]D
UD]PHQX NUDWNLKSRUXNDL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMD.DRãWRVHPRåH YLGHWLQDSRþHWNX;0/
GRNXPHQWDQHRSKRGQDMHGHNODUDFLMDprologNRMLQHVDGUåLSRGDWNHYHüRSLVXMHQDþLQ
QD NRML VX SRGDFL VWUXNWXLUDQL XML version L SUHGVWDYOMHQL encoding 2YH PHWD -
SRGDWNH NRULVWLDSOLNDFLMDNDNR EL YHURGRVWRMQR LQWHUSUHWLUDODVWYDUQH SRGDWNH X ;0/
GRNXPHQWX 6YDNL ;0/ GRNXPHQW PRUD GD LPD MHGDQ L VDPR MHGDQ NRUHQL ;0/
HOHPHQW - X RYRP VOXþDMX WR MH HOHPHQW QD]YDQ message SRUXND %URM VYLK RVWDOLK
HOHPHQDWD MH SURL]YROMDQ 8 NRQNUHWQRP VOXþDMX WR VX HOHPHQWL QD]YDQL to from,
heading i body6DGUåDM;0/HOHPHQDWDQDOD]LVHL]PHÿXQMHJRYRJVWDUWQRJLVWRSQRJ
REHOHåMD tag-RYL 8 JRUQMHP SULPHUX VDGUåDM HOHPHQWD heading MH 3RGVHWQLN D
VDGUåDM HOHPHQWD body MH 1H ]DERUDYL GD LVNOMXFLV UDFXQDU (OHPHQWL QH PRUDMX GD
LPDMXVDGUåDM,VWRWDNRVDGUåDMHOHPHQWDPRåHGDEXGHNRPSOHNVDQ- QDSULPHUNRUHQL
HOHPHQW message VDGUåL VYH RVWDOH HOHPHQWH L QMLKRYH VDGUåDMH (OHPHQWL PRJX GD
LPDMXDWULEXWH$WULEXWLVHQDYRGHXVWDUWQRPWDJ-XHOHPHQWDL]DQD]LYDLSUHGVWDYOMDMX
QD]LY- YUHGQRVWSDU1DNRUHQLHOHPHQWmessage VDGUåLDWULEXWDid þLMDMHYUHGQRVW
"13kj123|12" i crypted þLMD MH YUHGQRVW QR 3RUHG WRJD ;0/ GRNXPHQWD PRJX GD
VDGUåH NRPHQWDUH NRML VH QH X]LPDMX X RE]LU SULOLNRP LQWHUSUHWDFLMH VDGUåDMD ;0/
GRNXPHQWDDOLPRJXGDSRVOXåH]DQHNHVSHFLMDOL]RYDQHQDPHQHQSUGRGDWQLSRGDFL
RVDGUåDMXGRNXPHQWDLQVWUXNFLMH]DQMHJRYXREUDGXLVO
3RãWR ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD PRJX ELWL JHQHULVDQD L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD XQXWDU ,6 LOL
L]PHÿX QMLK QHRSKRGQD MH SURYHUD LVSUDYQRVWL YDOLGDFLMD SUH QHJR ãWR ]DSRþQH
LQWHUSUHWDFLMDVDGUåDMDGRNXPHQWD'DELVHL]YUãLODYDOLGDFLMDSRWUHEQRMHGDYDOLGDWRU
VRIWYHUVNL PRGXO LPD VSHFLILNDFLMXVDGUåDMDRSLV;0/ GRNXPHQWD NRML SURYHUDYD
8WXVYUKXQDMþHãüHVHNRULVWHGYHYUVWHVSHFLILNDFLMD
232
Baze podataka
x '7'Document Type DefinitionVSHFLILNDFLMD

x ;6'XML Schema DefinitionVSHFLILNDFLMD
6SHFLILNDFLMH VH QDOD]H X SRVHEQLP GDWRWHNDPD L SUHSR]QDWOMLYH VX QD RVQRYX

LVWRLPHQLK HNVWHQ]LMD X QD]LYLPD GDWRWHND - dtd i xsd. '7' SUHGVWDYOMD VWDULMX DOL
MHGQRVWDYQLMXVSHFLILNDFLMX,]WRJ UD]ORJDLGDQDVVHNRULVWL]DRSLVHMHGQRVWDYQLK;0/
GRNXPHQDWD 8 VOHGHüHP SULPHUX SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH ;0/ GRNXPHQW NDWDORJD NQMLJD L
QMHJRYD'7'VSHFLILNDFLMDSlika 12.2
Slika 12.2: 0/GRNXPHQWLQMHJRYD'7'VSHFLILNDFLMD
2GPDK MH XRþOMLYR GD MH '7' VSHFLILNDFLMD test.dtd VOLþDQ UHJXODUQRP ;0/
GRNXPHQWX DOLQHPDNRUHQLHOHPHQWVYDNL;0/HOHPHQWLPDLVWLSUHILNVSRþLQMHVD
! L HOHPHQWL QHPDMX VWRSQD REHOHåMD 6YDNL HOHPHQW '7' VSHFLILNDFLMH SUHGVWDYOMD
RSLVHOHPHQWD;0/GRNXPHQWDtest.xmlLOLDWULEXWDRGJRYDUDMXüHJHOHPHQWD
'7' VSHFLILNDFLMD MH RSWLPDOQR UHãHQMH ]D MHGQRVWDYQH VDGUåDMH PHÿXWLP QHPD
GRYROMQX L]UDåDMQRVW ]DKWHYDQX X QDSUHGQLP SULPHQDPD JGH VH SRGDFL QDMSUH
DJUHJLUDMX L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD D ]DWLP LVWR WDNR GLVWULEXLUDMX UD]OLþLWLP NRULVQLFLPD
DSOLNDFLMDPD QD UD]OLþLWH QDþLQH 3ULPHU RYDNYLK DSOLNDFLMD VX VRFLMDOQH PUHåH
)DFHERRN /LQNHG,Q 7ZLWWHU L VO NRMH VDUDÿXMX PHÿXVREQR LOL VD GUXJLP VOLþQLP
DSOLNDFLMDPD QSU :HEPDLO SURYDMGHUL XQDVWRMDQMXGD SUDWH DNWLYQRVWL NRULVQLND L R
WRPHREDYHãWDYDMXGUXJHNRULVQLNH,]WRJUD]ORJD:&:::NRQ]RUFLMXPUD]YLR
MH;6'VSHFLILNDFLMX
233
Baze podataka
Slika 12.3: ,]JOHG;6'VSHFLILNDFLMH]DLVWL;0/GRNXPHQWWHVW[PO
1D SUHWKRGQRM LOXVWUDFLML SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH ;6' VSHFLILNDFLMD ]D LVWL IDMO NDR X
SUHWKRGQRP SULPHUX test.xml 2þLJOHGQD MH YHüD NRPSOHNVQRVW DOL ]DWR PQRJR
GHWDOMQLMD VSHFLILNDFLMD HOHPHQDWD þLPH VH SRVWLåH YHüD L]UDåDMQRVW VSHFLILNDFLMH =D
UD]OLNX RG '7' VSHFLILNDFLMH xsd GDWRWHND MH X SRWSXQRVWL IRUPDWLUDQD SR SUDYLOLPD
;0/MH]LNDVDGUåLMHGDQNRUHQLHOHPHQWxsd:schemaDHOHPHQWLSRUHGQD]LYDPRJX
GDLPDMXDWULEXWHLVDGUåDMNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXXJQMHåGHQLGUXJL;0/HOHPHQWL
1DNRQ GHILQLVDQMD '7' LOL ;6' VSHFLILNDFLMH GD EL VH L]YUãLOD YDOLGDFLMD
QHRSKRGQR MH GD VH X ;0/ GRNXPHQWX WD VSHFLILNDFLMD UHIHUHQFLUD =DYLVQR RG WLSD
VSHFLILNDFLMH UD]OLþLWL VX QDþLQL UHIHUHQFLUDQMD '7' VSHFLILNDFLMD VH UHIHUHQFLUD NDR
;0/NRPHQWDUSlika 12.4NRML]DSRþLQMHUHþMXDOCTYPEQDNRMLVHQDVWDYOMDQD]LY
NRUHQRJ;0/HOHPHQWDknjigeQDþLQSULVWXSDsystemLSXWDQMDGRVSHFLILNDFLMHIDMO
katalog.dtd
Slika 12.4: )DMOWHVW[PONRMLVDGUåLSRGDWNH]DYDOLGDFLMXSRPRüX'7
234
Baze podataka
8 VOXþDMX ;6' VSHFLILNDFLMH Slika 12.5 RQD VH GRGDMH X NRUHQL HOHPHQW ;0/
GRNXPHQWD X YLGX DWULEXWD xmlns:xsi - GHILQLFLMD;0/ LPHQRYDQMD xmlns - ;0/
1DPH 6SDFH NRMD SUHGVWDYOMD VWDQGDUG SR NRPH MH QDSUDYOMHQD ;0/ VKHPD xsi -
;ML SFKHPDIQVWDQFHLxsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation - SXWDQMDGRGDWRWHNHNRMD
VDGUåLVSHFLILNDFLMXkatalog.xsd$WULEXWnoNamespaceSchemaLocation LPD]QDþHQMH
GD QH SRVWRML QHND SRVHEQR GHILQLVDQD VSHFLILNDFLMD YHü MH SRVWRMHüD XUDÿHQD X
SRWSXQRVWLSR:&;6'VWDQGDUGX
Slika 12.5: )DMOWHVW[PONRMLVDGUåLSRGDWNH]DYDOLGDFLMXSRPRüX;6'
%LORGDVHUDGLR'7'LOL;6'VSHFLILNDFLMLSRVWRMLSDOHWDVRIWYHUVNLKDODWDNRMLVX
EHVSODWQL L RPRJXüDYDMX DXWRPDWVNR JHQHULVDQMH dtd i xsd IDMORYD QD RVQRYX xml
IDMORYDLREUQXWR7R]QDþLGD VHODNRPRåHUHNRQVWUXLVDWLVSHFLILNDFLMDPHWD- SRGDFL
za bilo kakav xml IDMO 2YR VYRMVWYR MH ]QDþDMQR X SRJOHGX DXWRPDWVNRJ NUHLUDQMD
LQWHUIHMVDL]PHÿXUD]QRURGQLKVLVWHPDNRMLX]DMDPQRUD]PHQMXMXSRGDWNHXYLGX;0/
GRNXPHQDWDQDSULPHUDXWRPDWVNRNUHLUDQMHNOLMHQWVNLKDSOLNDFLMD]DSULNOMXþLYDQMHQD
:HEVHUYLVHNRMLNRULVWH;0/IRUPDWSRUXND
12.2 ;0/352â,5(1-(=$64/64/;0/
;0/ SURãLUHQMH ]D 64/ 64/;0/ SUHGVWDYOMD GHR 64/ VWDQGDUGD
VSHFLILNDFLMH 2QR SUHGVWDYOMD VNXS GRGDWQLK 64/ IXQNFLMD NRMH RPRJXüDYDMX
NUHLUDQMH ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD QD RVQRYX SRGDWDND GRELMHQLK 64/ XSLWLPD QDG %3
9RGHüL SURL]YRÿDþL 68%3 VX XþHVWYRYDOL X L]JUDGQML RYRJ SURãLUHQMD 2UDFOH ,%0
0LFURVRIWWDNRGDMHVWDQGDUGXJUDÿHQXYHüLQXDNWXHOQLKGLVWULEXFLMD68%3
64/;0/SURãLUHQMHREXKYDWDVOHGHüHNRQFHSWH
x )XQNFLMH]DNUHLUDQMH;0/GRNXPHQWDXML Publishing Functions
x ;0/WLSRYHSRGDWDND
x 3UDYLOD]DPDSLUDQMH
235
Baze podataka
12.2.1 )XQNFLMH]DNUHLUDQMH;0/GRNXPHQWD
)XQNFLMH ]D NUHLUDQMH ;0/ GRNXPHQWD RPRJXüDYDMX GD VH UH]XOWDWL 64/ XSLWD
SUHGVWDYHX;0/GRNXPHQWXVWUXNWXLUDQRPQDåHOMHQLQDþLQ8VOHGHüRMWDEHOLVXGDWH
64/;0/IXQNFLMH
[POHOHPHQW .UHLUD;0/HOHPHQDWRPRJXüDYDMXüLVSHFLILNDFLMXLPHQD
[PODWWULEXWHV .UHLUD;0/DWULEXWHRGNRORQDNRULVWHüLQD]LYNRORQHNDRQD]LY
;0/DWULEXWD
[POURRW .UHLUDNRUHQLþYRU;0/GRNXPHQWD
[POFRPPHQW .UHLUD;0/NRPHQWDU
[POSL .UHLUD;0/LQVWUXNFLMX]DSURFHVLUDQMH
[POSDUVH 3DUVLUDVWULQJNDR;0/LYUDüDUH]XOWXMXüX;0/VWUXNWXUX
[POIRUHVW .UHLUD;0/HOHPHQWHL]NRORQDNRULVWHüLQD]LYNRORQHNDRQD]LY
;0/HOHPHQWD
[POFRQFDW .RPELQXMHOLVWXSRMHGLQDþQLK;0/YUHGQRVWLUDGLNUHLUDQMDMHGQH
YUHGQRVWLNRMDVDGUåLSRGDWNHJUXSLVDQHNRQNDWHQDFLMRP;0/
IRUHVW
[PODJJ .RPELQXMHNROHNFLMXUHGRYDNRMLVDGUåHSRMHGQX;0/YUHGQRVW
UDGLNUHLUDQMDMHGQHYUHGQRVWLGRELMHQHDJUHJDFLMRP;0/IRUHVW
7DEHOD12.1: 64/;0/IXQNFLMH
8 VOHGHüHP SULPHUX SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH QDþLQ NRULãüHQMD IXQNFLMD ]D NUHLUDQMH ;0/
GRNXPHQWD3UHWSRVWDYLPRGD%3VDGUåLGYHWDEHOHt_korisnici i t_narudzbenice Slika
12.6LGDNRULVWHüLIXQNFLMH64/;0/SURãLUHQMDåHOLPRGDDXWRPDWVNLJHQHULãHPR
;0/GRNXPHQWNRMLELVDGUåDRLPHQDLPHVWDSUHELYDQMDNRULVQLND
Slika 12.6. 3ULPHUED]H]DREMDãQMHQMH64/;0/
236
Baze podataka
1D RVQRYX SULND]DQRJ VDGUåDMD t_korisnici RELþDQ 64/ XSLW NDR UH]XOWDW YUDWLüH
VOHGHüLWHNVWSlika 12.7
Slika 12.7: 2ELþDQ64/XSLWLQMHJRYUH]XOWDW2UDFOHVLQWDNVD
$NR EL åHOHOL GD JHQHULãHPR ;0/ GRNXPHQW LVWRJ VDGUåDMD NRULVWLPR IXQNFLMX
xmlelementNDRãWRMHSUHGVWDYOMHQRVOHGHüLP64/VNULSWRPSlika 12.8
Slika 12.8: 64/XSLWVD64/;0/IXQNFLMRPxmlelement
5H]XOWDWXSLWDüHXRYRPVOXþDMXELWLWHNVWXDOQLUHGRYLRGNRMLKVYDNLVDGUåLSRGDWNH
MHGQRJNRULVQLNDSUHGVWDYOMHQHX;0/IRUPDWXSlika 12.9
Slika 12.9: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ64/XSLWD
.RPSRQRYDQMHP RYDNYLK UH]XOWDWD PRJX GD VH L]JUDÿXMX NRPSOHWQD ;0/

GRNXPHQWD 3RWSXQR LVWL UH]XOWDW GRELR EL VH L NRULãüHQMHP xmlforest IXQNFLMH Slika
12.10
237
Baze podataka
Slika 12.10: 8SLWVD64/;0/IXQNFLMRPxmlforest
6YH RVWDOH 64/;0/ IXQNFLMH 7DEHOD NRULVWH VH QD VOLþDQ QDþLQ
NRPELQRYDQMHPNDNRELVHGRELODGREURIRUPDWLUDQD;0/GRNXPHQWDRGSRGDWDNDX
UH]XOWXMXüLP VNXSRYLPD ]DSLVD GRELMHQLK 64/ XSLWLPD 6OHGHüL SULPHU LOXVWUXMH
GRELMDQMH KLMHUDUKLMVNL VORåHQLMHJ ;0/ GRNXPHQWD NRULãüHQMHP VORåHQRJ XSLWD L
64/;0/IXQNFLMDSlika 12.11
Slika 12.11: 3ULPHUVORåHQRJXSLWDNRULãüHQMHP64/;0/IXQNFLMD
.RPELQRYDQL XSLW LPD 64/ select QDUHGEH 6SROMQD QDUHGED QDPHQMHQD MH
doELMDQMH VYLK NRULVQLND L] t_korisnici SUL þHPX MH LGHQWLILNDWRU NRULVQLND ID_kor
SUHGVWDYOMHQ NDR DWULEXW ;0/ HOHPHQWD korisnik QD]YDQ id 8QXWUDãQML XSLW X]LPD
podatke ID_nar i datum QDUXGåEHQLFH NRULVQLND L] WDEHOH t_narudzbenice po ID_kor
NRML MH SURVOHÿHQ where NODX]XOL XSLWD 3RãWR 64/;0/ IXQNFLMH X XQXWUDãQMLP
SRGVHNYHQWQLP SR]LYDQMD LQLFLMDOQR YUDüDMX VDPR MHGDQ ]DSLV VDPR EL YUDWLOH SUYX
QDUXGåEHQLFXQHRSKRGQRMHNRULãüHQMHIXQNFLMHxmlagg. Podatak ID_nar SUHGVWDYOMHQ
je kao atriEXW nid, a podatak datum QDUXGåEHQLFH NDR SRVHEDQ HOHPHQW NRML MH
XJQMHåGHQL X HOHPHQW naarudzbenica. .DR UH]XOWDW XSLWD GRELMD VH ;0/ GRNXPHQW
SUHGVWDYOMHQQDVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLMLSlika 12.12
238
Baze podataka
Slika 12.12: ;0/GRNXPHQW- UH]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJXSLWD
12.2.2 ;0/WLSSRGDWDNDX68%3
2E]LURP GD ;0/64/ RPRJXüDYD NUHLUDQMH ;0/GRNXPHQDWD QHRSKRGQRMH GD

postoji GHILQLVDQL ;0/ WLS SRGDWDND X 68%3 XML Datatype 3RãWR MH ;0/
GRNXPHQW ]DSUDYR WHNVWXDOQL IDMO ;0/ WLS SRGDWDND MH QDMþHãüH LPSOHPHQWLUDQ NDR
NDUDNWHUVNL QL] varchar ili CLOB Character - based Large Object QDG NRMLP MH
GHILQLVDQ;0/64/VNXSIXQNFLMD YLGLSUHWKRGQRSRJODYOMH
8 SROMLPD NRMD VX GHILQLVDQD QDG ;0/ WLSRP SRGDWDND PRåH VH QDüL þLWDY ;0/
GRNXPHQW LOL QMHJRY IUDJPHQW 7R ]QDþL GD VDGUåDM SROMD PRåH GD EXGH SRMHGLQDþDQ
;0/HOHPHQWWDJ2YDNRIOHNVLELODQSULVWXSLPDLRJUDQLþHQMD$WULEXWL;0/WDJ-ova
QH PRJX VH SRMDYOMLYDWL VDPRVWDOQR YHü VDPR X RNYLUX WDJRYD 7DNRÿH QLMH
VSHFLILFLUDQR þXYDQMH VDPRVWDOQLK ;0/ NRPHQWDUD QLWL LQVWUXNFLMD ]D SURFHVLUDQMH
1DGSROMHPNRMHLPD;0/WLSSRGDWDNDQHPRåHVHGHILQLVDWLSULPDUQLNOMXþ
8SRUHÿLYDQMH ;0/ GRNXPHQWD PRåH GD SUHGVWDYOMD VORåHQ ]DGDWDN 1D QLYRX
NRPSOHWQRJVDGUåDMDWHNVWDRQLPRJXGDEXGXUD]OLþLWLDOLQDQLYRXSRGDWDNDGDEXGX
LVWL6OHGHüLWULYLMDODQSULPHUSlika 12.13LOXVWUXMHRYDMVOXþDM
239
Baze podataka
Slika 12.13 3ULPHU;0/GRNXPHQDWDNRMLLPDMXLVWHSRGDWNH
$NR EL VH ;0/ GRNXPHQW SRG a) i pod b) XSRUHÿLYDOL QD RVQRYX SRNODSDQMD
VDGUåDMDpattern matchingRþLJOHGQRMHGDVXUD]OLþLWLRE]LURPGDMH]DSLVHOHPHQWD
row UD]OLþLWXRYDGYDVOXþDMD$OLRQLLPDMXLGHQWLþQXVWUXNWXUXHOHPHQWLGRFi row
YUHGQRVWDWULEXWDau_id HOHPHQWDrow MHWDNRÿHLGHQWLþQDXREDVOXþDMDVWULQJ--
7R ]QDþL GDQD QLYRX SRGDWDND RYD GYD GRNXPHQWD VXLVWD 2YRMHMHGDQ RG
JODYQLK UD]ORJD ]DãWR QH PRåH GD VH GHILQLãH SULPDUQL NOMXþ QDG SROMHP NRMH VDGUåL
;0/WLSSRGDWDND
12.2.3 3UDYLOD]DPDSLUDQMH
)XQNFLMH ]D NUHLUDQMH ;0/ GRNXPHQWD SUHGVWDYOMHQH X SRJODYOMX NRULVWH

64/YUHGQRVWL]DNUHLUDQMH;0/YUHGQRVWLSRGUåDQLKRGVWUDQH:::NRQ]RUFLMXPD
:& ;0/ 6FKHPD 7\SHV 'D EL VH RPRJXüLOD QDYHGHQD NRQYHU]LMD GHILQLVDQD VX
SUDYLOD]DPDSLUDQMHRGNRMLKVXQDM]QDþDMQLMD
x 64/VNXSNDUDNWHUDVHNRQYHUWXMHX8QLFRGHVNXSNDUDNWHUDLREUQXWR
x 64/LGHQWLILNDWRULVHPDSLUDMXX;0/QD]LYHHOHPHQDWDLREUQXWR
x 64/WLSRYLSRGDWDNDVHPDSLUDMXXXML Schema WLSRYHSRGDWDND
x 64/WDEHOHPRJXGDVHPDSLUDMXX;0/GRNXPHQWDLOLXML Schema
GRNXPHQWD
x SQL šHPHPRJXGDVHPDSLUDMXX;0/GRNXPHQWDLOLXML Schema GRNXPHQWD
i
x 64/NDWDOR]LPRJXGDVHPDSLUDMXX;0/GRNXPHQWDLOLXML Schema
GRNXPHQWD
3RUHGQDYHGHQLKSUDYLODPRJXüHMHGDVHL]YUãLSDUDPHWUL]DFLMDNRQYHU]LMHXVPLVOX
GHILQLVDQMD FLOMQRJ SURVWRUD LPHQRYDQMD XML namespace GHILQLVDQMH VWUDWHJLMH X
UXNRYDQMX18//YUHGQRVWLPDQSULJQRULVDQMHLOLSUHGVWDYOMDQMHVDxsi:nil YUHGQRãüX
LOL L GHILQLVDQMH VWUDWHJLMH ]D PDSLUDQMH 64/ WDEHOD X SRMHGLQDþQD GRNXPHQWD LOL
GHNRPSRQRYDQMHXJUXSH;0/GRNXPHQDWD
240
Baze podataka
12.3 0$1,38/$&,-$ 1$' %3 .2-( 6$'5ä( ;0/ )250$7,5$1(

32'$7.(1$7,9(;0/%3
=DUD]OLNXRG;0/SURãLUHQMD]D64/64/;0/NRMLSUHGVWDYOMDVNXSGRGDWQLK

64/ IXQNFLMD NRMH RPRJXüDYDMX NUHLUDQMH ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD QD RVQRYX SRGDWDND
GRELMHQLK 64/ XSLWLPD QDG %3 ]D UDG QDG SUDYLP %3 NRML VDGUåH ;0/ IRUPDWLUDQH
SRGDWNH Native XML DB NRULVWH VH SRVHEQR GL]DMQLUDQL MH]LFL NRML VX SULODJRÿHQL
PRGHOXLWLSXSRGDWDNDX;0/GRNXPHQWLPD7RVX;3DWKL;4XHU\MH]LFL8VOHGHüD
GYDSRJODYOMDSUHGVWDYOMHQLVXRVQRYQL SULQFLSLLHOHPHQWLRYDGYDMH]LNDNDRLSULPHUL
QMLKRYRJNRULãüHQMD
12.3.1 ;3DWK
;3DWK XML Path Language MH XSLWQL MH]LN QDPHQMHQ ]D ODNX QDYLJDFLMX
RELODåHQMHNUR]HOHPHQWH;0/GRNXPHQDWDSUHPD]DGDWLPNULWHULMXPLPD=DVQRYDQ
MH QD KLMHUDUKLMVNRM VWDEODVWRM VWUXNWXUL ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD 2VQRYQL NRQFHSW ;3DWK
MH]LNDMHþYRU(node). 3RVWRMHþYRURYL
x þYRU;0/HOHPHQWD
x þYRUDWULEXWD;0/HOHPHQWD
x WHNVWXDOQLþYRUVDGUåDM;0/HOHPHQWD
x þYRUSURVWRUDLPHQRYDQMDXML namespace
x þYRULQVWUXNFLMH]DREUDGXL
x þYRUNRPHQWDUD
1DVOHGHüHPSULPHUXR]QDþHQLVXNDUDNWHULVWLþQLþYRURYLNRMLVHQDMþHãüHNRULVWHX
L]UD]LPDSlika 12.14
Slika 12.14: .RQFHSWþYRURYDX;3DWKMH]LNX
241
Baze podataka
'D EL VH RPRJXüLOD QDYLJDFLMD þYRURYL VH QDOD]H X PHÿXVREQLP UHODFLMDPD
URGLWHOM GHFD EUDüD SUHFL L QDVOHGQLFL 1D SULPHU þYRU knjiga LPD URGLWHOMVNL þYRU
knjige LþYRURYHGHFXnaslov i autor. ýYRURYL naslov i autor VXEUDüDþYRURYLþLMLVX
SUHFLþYRrovi knjiga i knjige. 7R]QDþLGDþYRUknjige LPDQDVOHGQLNHknjiga, naslov i
autor. 2VQRYQLELQDUQLRSHUDWRUMHNRVDFUWD-

slashNRMRPVHVSHFLILFLUDSXWDQMDX
;0/ GRNXPHQWX QD NRMRM VH WUDåL QHNL SRGDWDN 1D JRUQMHP SULPHUX GD EL VH
selektovali sYLþYRURYLknjiga - GHFDþYRUDknjige GRYROMQRMHQDSLVDWLVOHGHüLL]UD]
/knjige/knjigaLOL//knjiga
'UXJLVOXþDMMHPQRJRRSãWLMLMHURPRJXüDYDGDVHVHOHNWXMXVYLþYRURYLknjiga bez
RE]LUD JGH VH QDOD]H X GRNXPHQWX 'D EL VH GRELR WHNXüL þYRU GRYROMQR je da izraz
VDGUåLVDPRWDþNX
.
DGDELVHGRELRURGLWHOMVNLþYRU- L]UD]WUHEDGDVDGUåLGYHWDþNH
'..
0RåH VH ]DNOMXþLWL GD VX ]D RVQRYQX QDYLJDFLMX SR ;0/ GRNXPHQWX X ;3DWK
MH]LNX LVNRULãüHQL LVWL SULQFLSL L RSHUDWRUL NDR ]D QDYLJDFLMX X IDMO VLVWHPX SRG /LQX[
OS.
3RUHGRVQRYQLKSRVWRMLQL]GUXJLKRSHUDWRUD'DELVHGRELOLDWULEXWLWHNXüHJþYRUD
GRYROMQR MH GD L]UD] VDGUåL ]QDN
@
$NR QDP WUHED YUHGQRVW RGUHÿHQRJ DWULEXWD X
þYRURYLPD RQGD VH VSHFLILFLUD L QMHJRY QD]LY 1D SULPHU GD ELVPR GRELOL YUHGQRVWL
VYLKDWULEXWDLPHQRYDQLKid VYLKþYRURYDX;0/GRNXPHQWXGRYROMDQMHL]UD]
#LG'.
$NRåHOLPRGDVHOHNWXMHPRVDPRSUYLþYRUknjiga RQGDVHNRULVWLL]UD]VDSUHGLNDWRP
'knjige/knjiga[1]
=D VHOHNFLMX SRVOHGQMHJ þYRUD NRULVWL L]UD] VD SUHGLNDWRP
'knjige/knjiga[last()]
'DELVHGRELOLVYLþYRURYLknjiga NRGNRMLKMHDXWRU,YR$QGULü
GRYROMDQMHL]UD]VDSUHGLNDWRP
NQMLJHNQMLJD>DXWRU
,YR$QGULü
@'.
;3DWKMH]LNRPRJXüDYDLIRUPLUDQMHNRPELQRYDQLKL]UD]DNRMLREXKYDWDMXþYRURYH
YLãHSXWDQMD8WXVYUKXNRULVWLVHRSHUDWRUI ANDþLMLMH]DSLVXVSUDYQDOLQLMD
|'. Na
SULPHU VOHGHüL L]UD] RPRJXüDYD GRELMDQMH YUHGQRVWL þYRURYD naslov i autor VYLK
þYRURva knjiga XGRNXPHQWX
//knjiga/naslov | //knjiga/autor
;3DWK MH]LN LPD L]UDåDMQRVW LVSROMHQX L NUR] WDNR]YDQH ;3DWK RVH axes 2VH
RPRJXüDYDMX GD VH GRELMDMX SRGDFL þYRURYD X KLMHUDUKLMVNRM VWUXNWXUL RNR WHNXüHJ
þYRUD7R ]QDþLGD QLMH SRWUHEQR HNVSOLFLWQR SR]QDYDQMHL QDYRÿHQMH QD]LYD þYRURYD
6OHGHüDWDEHODSULND]XMHVYH;3DWKRVHLREMDãQMHQMHQMLKRYHQDPHQH
242
Baze podataka
;3DWKRVD Namena
DQFHVWRU VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHSUHWNHWHNXüHJþYRUD
DQFHVWRU-or-VHOI VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHSUHWNHLWHNXüLþYRU
DWWULEXWH VHOHNWXMHVYHDWULEXWHWHNXüHJþYRUD
FKLOG VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHGHFXWHNXüHJþYRUD
GHVFHQGDQW VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHQDVOHGQLNHWHNXüHJþYRUD
GHVFHQGDQW-or-VHOI VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHQDVOHGQLNHLWHNXüLþYRU
VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHGR NUDMD;0/GRNXPHQWDQDNRQWHNXüHJ
IROORZLQJ
þYRUD
IROORZLQJ-VLEOLQJ VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYH
EUDüX
WHNXüHJþYRUD
QDPHVSDFH VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHSURVWRUDLPHQRYDQMDWHNXüHJþYRUD
SDUHQW VHOHNWXMHþYRUURGLWHOMDWHNXüHJþYRUD
VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYHNRMLSUHWKRGHWHNXüHPþYRUXRGSRþHWND
SUHFHGLQJ
;0/GRNXPHQWD
SUHFHGLQJ-VLEOLQJ VHOHNWXMHVYHþYRURYH
EUDüX
NRMLSUHWKRGHWHNXüHPþYRUX
VHOI VHOHNWXMHWHNXüLþYRU
7DEHOD12.2: ;3DWKRVH
2VH WDNRÿH PRJX GD VH NRULVWH X L]UD]LPD NRML VSHFLILFLUDMX QD]LYH þYRURYD 8 WX
VYUKX NRULVWL VH RSHUDWRU GRVHJD
::
LQDþH SUHX]HW L] & MH]LND 'D EL GRELOL VYH
þYRURYH NRML SUHWKRGH þYRUX naziv SULPHU QD VOLFL GRYROMDQ MH L]UD]
SUHFHGLQJ::naziv NDRUH]XOWDWGRELMDMXVH þYRURYLknjiga i knjige. Da bi dobili zaista
QDVORYHNQMLJDL]QDYHGHQRJSULPHUDSRWUHEQRMHXSRWSXQLWLXSLW
3RUHG QDYHGHQLK X ;3DWK MH]LN XJUDÿHQL VX JRWRYR VYL VWDQGDUGQL DULWPHWLþNL
ORJLþNLLUHODFLRQLRSHUDWRUL3RGUãND]DQDYLJDFLMXUD]OLþLWHQDþLQHILOWULUDQMDVDGUåDMD
;0/GRNXPHQDWD L UD]OLþLWL SULVWXSL SRGDFLPD NRMH HOHPHQWL ;0/ GRNXPHQWD VDGUåH
GRSULQHOL VX QHL]RVWDYQRM XSRWUHEL ;3DWK MH]LND VDPRVWDOQR LOL XQXWDU QDSUHGQLK
;4XHU\XSLWDQDG;0/SRGDFLPD
243
Baze podataka
12.3.2 ;4XHU\
;4XHU\MHIXQNFLRQDOQLMH]LN]DSUDYOMHQMHL]UD]DNRMLPDVHYUãLREUDGDLSUDYOMHQMH
XSLWDQDG;0/SRGDFLPD*ODYQLPRWLYGL]DMQHULPDL]:&NRQ]RUFLMXPD;4:*-
;0/4XHU\:RUNLQJ*URXSXNUHLUDQMX;4XHU\MH]LNDMHSRMHGQRVWDYOMLYDQMHQDþLQD
PDQLSXODFLMHSRGDFLPDX;0/GRNXPHQWLPDL;0/ ED]DPDSRGDWDND=DUD]OLNXRG
64/;0/ VSHFLILNDFLMH SRJODYOMH NRMD SUDNWLþQR SUHGVWDYOMD SURãLUHQMH 64/
MH]LND $16,,62 64/ VSHFLILNDFLMD;4XHU\MH SRWSXQR QRYLMH]LN NRML NRULVWL
LVNOMXþLYR;0/]DPRGHORYDQMHLVSHFLILNDFLMXWLSRYDSRGDWDND,SRUHGWRJD;4XHU\
SRUHG;0/ GRNXPHQDWD LPD PRJXüQRVWL XSLWD L QDG SRGDFLPD X UHODFLRQRM %3 W]Y
;0/SRJOHGL
;4XHU\ RPRJXüDYD SURQDODåHQMH L HNVWUDNFLMX HOHPHQDWD L DWULEXWD ;0/

GRNXPHQDWD8SUDNWLþQLPSULPHQDPDWREL]QDþLORGDMHQDPHQMHQ]D
x L]YODþHQMHLQIRUPDFLMDGRELMHQLKSXWHP:HEVHUYLVD
x JHQHULVDQMHVXPDUQLKL]YHãWDMD
x WUDQVIRUPLVDQMHSRGDWDNDL];0/X;+70/L
x SUHWUDJX:HEGRNXPHQDWDXSRWUD]L]DUHOHYDQWQLPLQIRUPDFLMDPD
=D HNVWUDNFLMX SRGDWDND L] ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD ;4XHU\ NRULVWL XJUDÿHQH IXQNFLMH X
NRPELQDFLML VD ;3DWK L]UD]LPD 6YDND REUDGD SRGDWDND ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD ]DSRþLQMH
REDYH]QRQMHJRYLPRWYDUDQMHP2YRYUãL;4XHU\IXQNFLMDdoc. 1DSULPHUL]UD]
GRFNDWDORJ]D;4XHU\[PO
RWYRULüH ]D REUDGX ;0/ GRNXPHQW QD WHNXüHP GLUHNWRULMXPX QD]YDQ katalog za
XQuery.xml". 6DGUåDMRYRJIDMODSUHGVWDYOMHQMHQDVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLMLSlika 12.15
244
Baze podataka
Slika 12.15: 6DGUåDMGRNXPHQWDNDWDORJ]D;4XHU\[PO
'D EL VPR GRELOL VYH QDVORYH L] NDWDORJD NQMLåDUH SRWUHEQR MH L]YUãLWL VOHGHüL
;4XHU\XSLWSlika 12.16
Slika 12.16: 3ULPHU;4XHU\L]UD]D
8SLW LPD GYD GHOD QD OHYRM VWUDQL MH ;4XHU\ IXQNFLMD doc NRMRM MH SURVOHÿHQ NDR
DUJXPHQW QD]LY IDMOD D QD GHVQRM VWUDQL VH QDOD]L ;3DWK L]UD] NRMLP VH VSHFLILFLUD
SRGDWDNNRMLVHWUDåL5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ;4XHU\L]UD]DSUHGVWDYOMD;0/IRUPDWLUDQ
SRGDWDNSlika 12.17
245
Baze podataka
Slika 12.17: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ;4XHU\L]UD]D
*UDGQMD;4XHU\XSLWDVDNULWHULMXPLPDILOWHULPDMHWDNRÿHMHGQRVWDYQD'RGDMXüL

RGJRYDUDMXüH SUHGLNDWH QD NUDM ;3DWK L]UD]D RPRJXüDYD VH ILOWULUDQMH UH]XOWDWD 1D
SULPHUPRGLILNXMXüLXSLWL]SUHWKRGQJSULPHUDGRELüHPRVYHNQMLJHþLMDMHFHQDPDQMD
RGGLQDUDSlika 12.18
Slika 12.18: ;4XHU\XSLW]DGRELMDQMHVYLKNQMLJDþLMDMHFHQDPDQMDRGGLQDUD
5H]XOWDW RYDNR PRGLILNRYDQRJ XSLWD MH ;0/ IUDJPHQW NRML VDGUåL VYH HOHPHQWH
knjiga ]DMHGQR VD SRG- HOHPHQWLPD naslov, cena i autor D NRMH ]DGRYROMDYDMX ]DGDWL
NULWHULMXPSUHWUDJHSlika 12.19
Slika 12.19: 5H]XOWDW;4XHU\XSLWDVDVOLNH
'D EL GRELOL VYH NQMLJH QDPHQMHQH GHFL X NRQNUHWQRP SULPHUX NRULVWLPR DWULEXW
kategorija ;0/HOHPHQWDNQMLJD,]JOHG;4XHU\XSLWD]DGRELMDQMHWDNYRJUH]XOWDWDMH
NDRQDVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLMLSlika 12.20
246
Baze podataka
Slika 12.20: ;4XHU\XSLW]DGRELMDQMHVYLKGHþMLKNQMLJD
'D EL GRELOL VYH NQMLJH QDPHQMHQH GHFL X NRQNUHWQRP SULPHUX NRULVWLPR DWULEXW
kategorija ;0/HOHPHQWDNQMLJD,]JOHG;4XHU\XSLWD]DGRELMDQMHWDNYRJUH]XOWDWDMH
NDRQDVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLMLSlika 12.21
8SLWPRåHGDVHGRGDWQRVXåDYDWDNRGDGRELMDPRVDPRGHRSRGDWDNDXUH]XOWDWX
1D SULPHU GD EL VPR GRELOL VDPR QDVORYH NQMLJD þLMD MH FHQD PDQMD RG GLQDUD
PRGLILNXMHPRMHGDQRGSUHWKRGQLK;4XHU\XSLWDSlika 12.22
Slika 12.22: ;4XHU\XSLWVDILOWULUDQMHPNULWHULMXPDLLVSLVD
GDüHUH]XOWDWSlika 12.23
.RULãüHQMHP NODX]XOD for, where, order i return ;4XHU\ RPRJXüDYD XUHÿLYDQMH

UH]XOWDWD XSLWD SR UD]OLþLWLP NULWHULMXPLPD 1D VOHGHüHP SULPHUX ;4XHU\ XSLW QDG
GRNXPHQWRP katalog za XQuery.xml RPRJXüDYD GRELMDQMH QDVORYD VYLK NQMLJD
VRUWLUDQLKSRJRGLQLL]GDQMD
247
Baze podataka
Slika 12.24: ;4XHU\XSLWNRMLPVHXUHÿXMXUH]XOWDWLSUHWUDJH
'D EL L]UD] ELR IXQNFLRQDODQ NRULVWH VH SURPHQOMLYH NRMH VX SUHSR]QDWOMLYH SR
SUHILNVX
$
8 JRUQMHP NRGX VH NRULVWL SRPRüQD SURPHQMLYD $x, koja kroz for SHWOMX
SULKYDWDMHGDQSRMHGDQHOHPHQWknjiga LXUHÿXMHJDSUHPDJRGLQLL]GDQMDLYUDüD]DWLP
XUHÿHQHQDVORYHNQMLJD5H]XOWDWVXHOHPHQWLnaslov þLMLUHGRVOHGMHL]PHQMHQXRGQRVX
QDRULJLQDOQLSlika 12.25
Slika 12.25: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ;4XHU\XSLWD
8 VOXþDMX GD UH]XOWDWL XSLWD SRGDFL WUHED GD VH SULNDåX QD QHNRM :HE +70/
VWUDQLFLSRWUHEQRMHQMLKRYRGRGDWQRXUHÿLYDQMH8WXVYUKXGRYROMQDMHPRGLILNDFLMD
SUHWKRGQRJXSLWDNDNRELVHGRELODGREURIRUPDWLUDQD+70/VWUDQLFDSlika 12.26
Slika 12.26: 0RGLILNRYDQ;4XHU\XSLWUDGLXUHÿLYDQMDSULND]DX+70/IRUPDW
248
Baze podataka
;4XHU\ XSLWX VH GRGDMX +70/ HOHPHQWL XRNYLUHQL FUYHQLP D VDP XSLW VH
XRNYLUXMH YLWLþDVWLP ]DJUDGDPD
{' i '}'NDR SRVHEDQ EORN .RULãüHQMHP IXQNFLMH data
RPRJXüHQDMHHNVWUDNFLMDL]GYDMDQMHSRGDWDND;0/HOHPHQDWDknjiga - WHNVWQDVORYD
LYUHGQRVWDWULEXWDkategorija.DRUH]XOWDWGRELMDVH+70/GRNXPHQWNRMLMHþLWOMLYX
:HESUHWUDåLYDþXSlika 12.27
Slika 12.27: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ;4XHU\XSLWDLQMHJRYSULND]X:HESUHWUDåLYDþX
8 GRVDGDãQMLP SULPHULPD UDGL GHPRQVWUDFLMH L REMDãQMDYDQMD QDþLQD NRULãüHQMD

;4XHU\XSLWDNRULãüHQDMHIXQNFLMDdoc NRMRPVHXþLWDYDRVDGUåDM;0/GRNXPHQWDX
UDGQX PHPRULMX 8 VOXþDMX GD VH VDGUåDML ;0/ GRNXPHQDWD þXYDMX X ;0/ ED]L
SRGDWDNDRQGDVXRQLXVNODGLãWHQLXSROMLPDGHILQLVDQLPQDG;0/WLSRYLPDNRMLVX
VSHFLILþQL UD]OLNXMX VH X ]DYLVQRVWL RG SURL]YRÿDþD 68%3 1D SULPHU ,%0 '%
VLVWHPLLPDMXMHGDQ;0/WLS- XML kolonu SROMH3ULOLNRPGHILQLVDQMDSROMDNRMHMH
WLSD;0/NRORQDQHPDVSHFLILNDFLMHYHOLþLQHSRGDWDND6YH;0/NRORQHVXOLPLWLUDQH
QD *% X UD]PHQL SRGDWDND 3RUHG QDYHGHQRJ SRVWRMH L GUXJL 68%3 EHVSODWQD
UHãHQMD NDR ãWR MH eXist-db, XQLYHU]LWHWVND UHãHQMD NDR ãWR MH Berkeley DB XML, ili
VNXSDNRPHUFLMDOQDUHãHQMDSRSXWMark Logic-a.
249
Baze podataka
13 6./$',â7(1-(32'$7$.$
'$7$:$5(+286,1*
8 VDYUHPHQLP SRVORYQLP VLVWHPLPD SRVWRML SRWUHED NRULãüHQMD SRGDWDND L]

UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD 'R WDNYH VLWXDFLMH QDMþHãüH VH GROD]L XVOHG SURPHQD NDR ãWR VX
XGUXåLYDQMDUD]OLþLWLKNRPSDQLMDUHRUJDQL]DFLMDLUHVWUXNWXULUDQMDGHORYDVLVWHPD]ERJ
RSWLPL]DFLMH SRVORYQLK SURFHVD XVOHG NXSRYLQHSURGDMH GHORYD LOL þLWDYLK SRVORYQLK
VLVWHPD LWG .DR SRVOHGLFD SRGDFL ELWQL ]D SURFHVH XSUDYOMDQMD X WDNYLP VORåHQLP
VLVWHPLPD QLVX YLãH QD MHGQRP PHVWX QD MHGQRM %3 QLWL VX GHR LVWRJ ,6 3RVWRMH
UD]OLþLWLVOXþDMHYLGLVWULEXLUDQRVWL SRGDWDNDRGNRMLKVXNDUDNWHULVWLþQL
x XUD]OLþLWLP%3
ƕ QDMHGQRMUDþXQDUVNRMSODWIRUPLXRNYLUXLVWRJ68%3
ƕ QDUD]OLþLWLP68%3XRNYLUXLVWRJ,6
ƕ QDUD]OLþLWLP68%3UD]OLþLWLK,6L
x X YLGX GRNXPHQDWD YDQ %3 VWUXNWXLUDQL LOL QH GRVWXSQL SUHNR PUHåH X
rD]OLþLWLPIRUPDWLPD
8VYLPVOXþDMHYLPDPLJUDFLMDSUHEDFLYDQMHSRGDWDNDVD³SULGUXåHQLK´VLVWHPDQD
³PDWLþQL´UDGLQMLKRYRJLQWHJLULVDQMDPRåHGDSURX]URNXMHQHVWDELOQRVWQHSRX]GDQRVW
L SDG SHUIRUPDQVL ,6 D RWNODQMDQMH SRVOHGLFD PRåH GD EXGH SURFHV NRML WURãL SXQR
UHVXUVD YUHPHQVNL ]DKWHYDQ X] DQJDåRYDQMH YHOLNRJ EURMD ]DSRVOHQLK 8SUNRV
SUREOHPLPD UXNRYRGVWYR NRPSDQLMHQDVWRMLGDX SURFHVLPD RGOXþLYDQMD REXKYDWL ãWR
YLãH XOD]QLK LQIRUPDFLMD L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD NDNR EL RGOXNH ELOH REMHNWLYQLMH
RGJRYDUDOHVWYDUQRVLWXDFLMLLLVSUDYQLMH
3URL]YRÿDþL 68%3 L SRVORYQLK ,6 VX SRGUåDOL RSLVDQH SRWUHEH IOHNVLELOQLP

VRIWYHUVNLP UHãHQMLPD QDPHQMHQLP ]D SRGUãNX X RGOXþLYDQMX 632 - VLVWHPL ]D
SRGUãNXXRGOXþLYDQMX2YLVLVWHPLQLVXQDPHQMHQL]DWUDQVDNFLRQXREUDGXSRGDWDND
NDR ãWR MH WR VOXþDM NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK ,6 L 68%3 OLTP - Online Transactional
ProcessingYHüVXQDPHQMHQL]DHNVWUDNFLMXWUDQVSRUWWUDQVIRUPDFLMXETLSRGDWDND
L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD ]DWLP QMLKRYX DQDOLWLþNX REUDGX X UHDOQRP YUHPHQX OLAP -
Online Analytical Processing 2YL SURFHVL VX REXKYDüHQL MHGQLP WHUPLQRP -
6NODGLãWHQMHSRGDWDNDData Warehousing.DRUH]XOWDWQDYHGHQLKSURFHVDGRELMDMX
VH VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND NRMD VH UD]OLNXMX RG NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK %3 SR VOHGHüLP
NDUDNWHULVWLNDPD
x PQRJR YLãH VH NRULVWL LQGHNVLUDQMH QHJR NRG NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK %3 - þLPH VH
SRYHüDYDEU]LQDSULVWXSDNRPSOHNVQLPVWUXNWXUDPDSRGDWDND
x SRYH]LYDQMHVSDMDQMHSRGDWDNDL]UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUDVXUHWND
x SRGDFL QLVX X SRWSXQRVWL QRUPDOL]RYDQL - QDMþHãüH VX UHGXQGDQWQL QLVX X
QRUPDOQRMIRUPLNDNRELVHSRYHüDODEU]LQDL]YUãHQMDXSLWD
250
Baze podataka
x þHVWRMHNRULãüHQMHL]YHGHQLKLDJUHJLUDQLKSRGDWDND
x XSLWL QDG SRGDFLPD QLVX SUHGHILQLVDQL NDR NRG NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK %3 YHü VH
IRUPLUDMXSR]DKWHYXad hoc
x SRGDFLVHNRULVWHLVNOMXþLYR]DL]YHãWDYDQMHXSLWLGRNVHNRGNRQYHQFLRQDOQLK
%3SRUHGXSLWDSRGDFLPRJXPHQMDWLGRGDYDWLLXNODQMDWL
x XL]YUãHQMXXSLWDQDGVNODGLãWLPDSRGDWDNDSUHWUDJDVHYUãLQDPQRJRYHüHP
EURMX]DSLVDQHJRNRGNRQYHQFLRQDOQLK%3i
x X L]YUãHQMX XSLWD QDG VNODGLãWLPD SRGDWDND REXKYDWDMX VH SRGDFL L] PQRJR
GXåLKYUHPHQVNLKUD]GREOMDQHJRNRGNRQYHQFLRQDOQLK%3
13.1 $5+,7(.785$6./$',â7$32'$7$.$
6NODGLãWD SRGDWDND PRJX GD EXGX UHDOL]RYDQD QD UD]OLþLWH QDþLQH =D SRGUãNX
RVQRYQLP SURFHVLPD QDYHGHQL X SUHWKRGQRP SRJODYOMX QHRSKRGQD VLVWHPVND
DUKLWHNWXUDLPDVORMDSlika 13.1SULþHPXVNODGLãWHSRGDWDNDLPDXORJXSRVUHGQLND
L]PHÿXUD]OLþLWLKL]YRUDSRGDWDNDVMHGQHVWUDQHLSRVORYQLKNRULVQLNDVGUXJH
Slika 13.1: 2VQRYQDDUKLWHNWXUDVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND
2þLJOHGDQSUREOHPNRGRVQRYQHDUKLWHNWXUHVXUD]OLþLWHSHUIRUPDQVHVLVWHPDNRMLVX
L]YRUL SRGDWDND ,]YRUQL SRGDFL VX X UD]OLþLWLP 68%3 X RNYLUX LVWLK LOLUD]OLþLWLK ,6
QHNL VH QDOD]H X GDWRWHNDPD PDQMH LOL YLãH VWUXNWXLUDQL WDNR GD MH EU]LQD L]GYDMDQMD
251
Baze podataka
HNVWUDNFLMH SRGDWDND QHVWDELOQD L QHSUHGYLGLYD 7R ]D SRVOHGLFX LPD VPDQMLYDQMH

NYDOLWHWDVHUYLVDNRMLVNODGLãWHPRåHGDSRQXGLNUDMQMLPNRULVQLFLPD3RVHEDQSUREOHP
SUHGVWDYOMDLWRãWRVHNRULVQLþNL]DKWHYLQH]QDMXXQDSUHGVDPLPWLPLXSLWLQHPRJX
GD EXGX SUHGHILQLVDQL YHü VH YUãH W]Y ad hoc XSLWL - XSLWL SR ]DKWHYX 2YL XSLWL VH
SRVPDWUDQR QD GXåL YUHPHQVNL URN PRJX WLSL]LUDWL RE]LURP GD X UD]OLþLWLP GHORYLPD
NRPSDQLMHRGHOMHQMLPDMHGLQLFDPDYDåQHVXUD]OLþLWHJUXSHSRGDWDND1DSULPHUGHR
NRML VH EDYL QDEDYNRP GD EL VH RGOXþLR ]D GREDYOMDþH NRULVWL SRGDWNH L] NDWDORJD
SRQXÿDþDELORGDVHUDGLRWHNVWXDOQLPWDEHODUQLPVDGUåDMLPDLOL%3NRMHVXGRVWXSQH
]D GLVWULEXFLMX NRULVQLFLPD 6 GUXJH VWUDQH GHR NRML VH EDYL SURGDMRP PRUD GD SUDWL
VLWXDFLMX QD WUåLãWX NRQNXUHQFLMX NUHWDQMH FHQD SRMDYX QRYLK VOLþQLK SURL]YRGD L
PQRJHGUXJHSRGDWNH7R]QDþLGDL]YHGHQLSRGDFLGRELMHQLREUDGRPXVNODGLãWXPRJX
WDNRÿHGDVHXQDSUHGJUXSLãXNDNRELVHVNUDWLORYUHPHL]YUãHQMDad hoc XSLWD
13.1.1 3URãLUHQDDUKLWHNWXUD
'DELVHQDYHGHQLSUREOHPLSUHYD]LãOLXFLOMXRSWLPL]DFLMHRVQRYQDDUKLWHNWXUDVH
QDMþHãüHSURãLUXMHSlika 13.2WDNRGDVHRSHUDWLYQLSRGDFLL]UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUDQDMSUH
SULSUHPHNDNRELVHRPRJXüLODQMLKRYDLQWHJUDFLMD2YDMVORMVHQD]LYD]RQDSULSUHPH
SRGDWDND staging area 8 QMRM VH YUãL SULNXSOMDQMH SRGDWDND L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD L
VNODGLãWHQMH X SULYUHPHQX %3 8YRÿHQMHP RYRJ PHÿXVORMD L]EHJDYD VH SRMDYD
YUHPHQD
þHNDQMD
QDSRGDWNHL
VLQKURQL]XMX
VHUD]OLþLWHEU]LQHGRELMDQMDSRGDWDNDL]
UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUD ,VWR WDNR SUHGREUDGD X ]RQL SULSUHPH SRGDWDND RPRJXüDYD SODQVNR
NRULãüHQMH L]YRUD SRGDWDND scheduled data retrivial L QMLKRYR ³EUåH RVOREDÿDQMH´
XVOHGRSWLPL]DFLMH
Slika 13.2: 3URãLUHQDDUKLWHNWXUD
252
Baze podataka
.DRãWRMHQDSRPHQXWRad hoc XSLWLVHPRJXWLSL]LUDWLSUHPDGHORYLPDNRPSDQLMH

ãWR RPRJXüDYD L JUXSLVDQMH YHü REUDÿHQLK SRGDWDND X VNODGLãWX 2YH JUXSH SRGDWDND
SUHGVWDYOMDMX VNODGLãWD
]D VHEH
RE]LURP GD VX SRGDFL X UD]OLþLWLP JUXSDPD L]RORYDQL
data marts 2QD VH QDOD]H X W]Y SULVWXSQRP VORMX access layer 8 QMLPD VX
REUDÿHQL SRGDFL JUXSLVDQL SR NULWHULMXPLPD RG LQWHUHVD ]D SRVORYQH NRULVQLNH -
VNXSRYL SRGDWDND SUHPD SRVORYQLP OLQLMDPD LOL WLPRYLPD 8 SULPHUX VD SUHWKRGQH
LOXVWUDFLMHWRVXRGHOMHQMD]DQDEDYNXSURGDMXLVNODGLãWHQMH8RYLPSRG- VNODGLãWLPD
PRJX GD VH QDÿX LVWL SRGDFL ãWR RWHåDYD QMLKRYR RGUåDYDQMH data refreshing
DåXULUDQMHUHGXQGDQWQLKSRGDWDNDLãWRSUHGVWDYOMDFHQXSRYHüDQMDSHUIRUPDQVLSUHPD
NRULVQLFLPDVLVWHPLPD]DL]YHãWDYDQMHDQDOLWLþNLPDODWLPDLDSOLNDFLMDPD]DQDSUHGQR
SUHWUDåLYDQMH- data mining
13.2 /2*,ý.,',=$-16./$',â7$32'$7$.$
/RJLþNLP GL]DMQRP VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND GRELMD VH QMHJRY NRQFHSWXDOQL PRGHO -

VKHPD VNODGLãWD SRGDWDND =D UD]OLNX RG ORJLþNRJ GL]DMQD NRQYHQFLRQDOQLK %3 X
NRMLPD VH ]D RSLV SUHWHåQR NRULVWHGLMDJUDPL REMHNWL - YH]H ER - entity relationships
GLMDJUDPLXGL]DMQLUDQMXVNODGLãWDNRULVWHVHW]YGLPHQ]LRQLPRGHOL
13.2.1 Formiranje dimenzija
'LPHQ]LRQLPRGHOLVX]DVQRYDQLQDL]YHGHQLPVWUXNWXUDPDSRGDWDNDNRMHVHJUDGH
kako bi sNODGLãWHPRJORGDRGJRYRULQDad hoc XSLWHNRULVQLNDLNRMHVH]RYXMHGQLP
LPHQRP dimenzije .RULVWHüL SUHWKRGQD UD]PDWUDQMD Slika 13.2 D GD EL REMDVQLOL
NUHLUDQMH GLPHQ]LMD X]HüHPR SULPHU IRUPLUDQMD JUXSH SRGDWDND
3URGDMD
'D EL
PHQDGåPHQW SURGDMH PRJDR GD DQDOL]LUD SURGDMX QD VYLP SURGDMQLP PHVWLPD WRNRP
UD]OLþLWLKYUHPHQVNLKSHULRGDLGDELPRJDRGDVDJOHGDXWLFDMSURPRWLYQLKNDPSDQMD
SRUHG þLQMHQLFD facts SRWUHEQR MH GD VH GHILQLãX L GLPHQ]LMH VNODGLãWH SRGDWDND
NRMLPD EL VH RPRJXüLOR QMLKRYR JUXSLVDQMH SUHPD SRVORYLPD SURGDMH 8 NRQNUHWQRP
VOXþDMXNDQGLGDWL]DGLPHQ]LMHNRMHWUHEDGDEXGXXNOMXþHQLXDQDOL]XSURGDMHVX
x SURL]YRGL
x NOLMHQWL
x YUHPH
x SURGDMQLNDQDOLL
x SURPRWLYQHNDPSDQMH
13.2.2 6KHPD]YH]GH
6KHPDVNODGLãWDVHIRUPLUDSRYH]LYDQMHPRGDEUDQLKGLPHQ]LMDQDWDEHOXþLQMHQLFD
3ULIRUPLUDQMXVKHPHVNODGLãWDREDYH]QRVHXUD]PDWUDQMHPRUDMXX]HWLVKHPHL]YRUD
SRGDWDND QD RVQRYX NRMLK VH IRUPLUD VNODGLãWH 1DMþHãüH NRULãüHQD VKHPD MH WLSD
253
Baze podataka
]YH]GHstarSlika 13.38FHQWUX]YH]GHVHVPHãWDWDEHODþLQMHQLFDfacts table2YD

tabela sadråLQDMYHüXNROLþLQXSRGDWDNDXRGQRVXQDWDEHOHGLPHQ]LMD7LSRGDFLVXX
QDMþHãüHPVOXþDMXPHUHSRVORYDQMDQDSULPHUYUHGQRVWLNROLþLQDSURGDMHFHQH]DUDGD
LVO$NRWDEHODþLQMHQLFDVDGUåLDJUHJLUDQH]ELUQHSRGDWNHRQGDRQLWUHEDGDEXGXQD
istoP QLYRX DJUHJDFLMH 8 NRQNUHWQRP SULPHUX WDEHOD þLQMHQLFD VDGUåL SRGDWNH R
QRYþDQLPL]QRVLPDLNROLþLQLSURGDMH-RãMHGDQWHUPLQMHSULKYDüHQNDRQD]LY]DWDEHOX
þLQMHQLFD- NRFNDcube2YDMQD]LYLPDYH]HVDQDMþHãüRPJUDILþNRPUHSUH]HQWDFLMRP
WDEHOHþLQMHQLFDLQMHQLKWDEHODGLPHQ]LMD8SUDNVLEURMGLPHQ]LMDQLMHOLPLWLUDQNRFND
LKLPDVDPRWULWDNRGDüHXGDOMHPWHNVWXLGDOMHELWLNRULãüHQWHUPLQWDEHODþLQMHQLFD
Slika 13.3: 6KHPD]YH]GHVDGLPHQ]LMH]DDQDOL]XSURGDMH
.DR NUDFL ]YH]GH QD FHQWDU VH SRYH]XMX RGDEUDQH GLPHQ]LMH 8 SULPHUX WR VX
REMHNWLNRMLVXGLUHNWQRSRYH]DQLVDSRGDFLPDSURGDMHSURGDWLSURL]YRGLNXSFLNDQDOL
SURGDMH L YUHPHQVNL SHULRGL NRML VH UD]PDWUDMX 7DEHOH GLPHQ]LMD VH MRã QD]LYDMX L
WDEHODPD ]D SURQDODåHQMH lookup tables 2YH WDEHOH QDMþHãüH VDGUåH UHIHUHQFH QD
NRQNUHWQHSRGDWNHNRMHRPRJXüDYDMXNDWHJRUL]DFLMXSRGDWDNDNUR]DJUHJLUDQMH1DWDM
QDþLQGRELMDMXVHUD]OLþLWLQLYRLDJUHJDFLMHDGLPHQ]LRQHWDEHOHGRELMDMXKLMHUDUKLMVNX
XUHÿHQRVW 1D SULPHU NXSFL PRJX GD VH NDWHJRUL]XMX SUHPD PHVWLPD VWDQRYDQMD D
]DWLP GDOMH SUHPD UHJLRQLPD SURGDMH X NRMLPD VX XNOMXþHQD PHVWD VWDQRYDQMD =D WX
QDPHQXXWDEHOLGLPHQ]LMHVHNRULVWLUHIHUHQFLUDQMH³1DVHEH´Slika 13.4
254
Baze podataka
Slika 13.4: 3ULQFLSIRUPLUDQMDDJUHJLUDQHKLMHUDUKLMVNHGLPHQ]LRQHWDEHOH

SURGDMQLODQFL
'DELVHNUHLUDODKLMHUDUKLMVNDVWUXNWXUDGLPHQ]LRQDWDEHOD
prodajni lanci
PRUDGD
LPD QDMPDQMH þHWLUL SROMD 1DG SROMHP ID GHILQLVDQ MH SULPDUQL NOMXþ SROMH NAZ
skladišti QD]LYREMHNWDXWDEHOLDSROMHNIVO_AGR VNODGLãWLDJUHJDFLRQLKLMHUDUKLMVNL
QLYR REMHNWD X WDEHOL .OMXþQR SROMH MH SROMH REF NRMH þXYD UHIHUHQFH REMHNDWD QD
GUXJH REMHNWH L] LVWH WDEHOH DOL NRML VH QDOD]H QD YLãHP QLYRX DJUHJDFLMH 8 JRUQMHP
SULPHUX SRVWRMH QLYRD DJUHJDFLMH prodajno mesto, mesto, region prodaje. Prva 3
]DSLVD QD SULPHUX VX ]DSLVL SURGDMQLK PHVWD str.Vlada, Fortuna d.o.o. i Vaxi a.d.
6OHGHüD VX PHVWD JUDGRYL 1D RVQRYX SRGDWDND X SROMX REF ]DNOMXþXMH VH GD VH
prRGDYQLFH str.Vlada i Fortuna d.o.o. QDOD]H X .UXãHYFX D SURGDYQLFD Vaxi a.d. se
QDOD]L X 7UVWHQLNX 6YD WUL JUDGD Trstenik, Kruševac i Kraljevo SULSDGDMX Zapadno -
moravskom UHJLRQXSURGDMH
'UXJL QDþLQ NUHLUDQMD KLMHUDUKLMH SRGDWDND X WDEHODPD GLPHQ]LMD MH GD XPHVWR
SULPDUQLKNOMXþHYDNDRUHIHUHQFHVHNRULVWHNRQNUHWQLQD]LYLREMHNDWD0LQLPDODQEURM
SROMD ]DYLVL X RYRP VOXþDMX RG EURMD QLYRD hijerarhije 5HGL]DMQLUDQD WDEHOD L]
SUHWKRGQRJSULPHUDELXPHVWRGDLPDL]UDåHQHQLYRHDJUHJLUDQRVWLNDRYUHGQRVWLSROMD
NIVO_AGR, Slika 13.4 X VWYDUL PRUDOD GD LPD GHILQLVDQD SROMD ]D VYDNL QLYR
DJUHJDFLMHKLMHUDUKLMH
Slika 13.5: +LMHUDUKLMVNDVWUXNWXUDGHILQLVDQDSUHNRSROMDGLPHQ]LRQHWDEHOH
255
Baze podataka
1HGRVWDWDNGUXJRJSULVWXSDMHQHIOHNVLELOQRVWVLVWHPDMHUQDSULPHUXVOXþDMXUDVWD
NRPSDQLMHYDQJUDQLFDGUåDYHVKHPDVNODGLãWDELPRUDODGDVHSHUPDQHQWQRPHQMD8
NRQNUHWQRP VOXþDMX WUHEDOR EL GD VH GRGDMX QD SULPHU SROMD ]D SULSDGQRVW GUåDYL
NRQWLQHQWDOQRPUHJLRQXNRQWLQHQWX8VOXþDMXGHILQLVDQMDKLMHUDUKLMVNHVWUXNWXUHSUHNR
SROMDGLPHQ]LRQHWDEHOHVNODGLãWDPRUDMXGDVDGUåHXSR]DGLQLVRIWYHUVNXSRGUãNX]D
RGUåDYDQMH UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD SRGDWDND 7R VX SRVHEQH WDEHOH UHIHUHQFL QD
L]YRUQHSRGDWNHNDNRELVHL]EHJODGYRVPLVOHQRVWXWXPDþHQMXL]YHGHQLKSRGDWDND1D
SULPHU]DKLSRWHWLþNXLQWHUQDFLRQDOQXNRPSDQLMXNRMDSRVOXMHXýHãNRML6UELML PRåH
VH GHVLWL GD LPD GYD LVWRLPHQD UHJLRQD SURGDMH =DSDGQR - PRUDYVNL UHJLRQL LOL DNR
NRPSDQLMD LPD SURGDMQD PHVWD L X 0DÿDUVNRM PRJX GD VH SRMDYH GYD 3RGXQDYVND
UHJLRQD
1DSULND]DQHQDþLQHNUHLUDMXVHWDEHOHL]DGUXJHGLPHQ]LMH1DSULPHUYUHPHQVND
GLPHQ]LMD PRåH GD VH UD]PDWUD QD þDVRYQRP GQHYQRP PHVHþQRP NYDUWDOQRP L
JRGLãQMHP QLYRX X ]DYLVQRVWL RG SRWUHED PHQDGåPHQWD 0RJX GD VH DQDOL]LUDMX QD
SULPHU X NRMH GRED GDQDNRMLP GDQLPD X QHGHOML PHVHFLPD LOL NYDUWDOLPD X JRGLQL
SURGDMD EHOHåL PDNVLPDOQH LOL PLQLPDOQH YUHGQRVWL UD]PDWUDQR SUHPD PHVWLPD L
UHJLRQLPD SURGDMH .DR ãWR MH QDSRPHQXWR X VOXþDMX DJUHJDFLMH SRGDWDND X
GLPHQ]LRQLP WDEHODPD QHRSKRGQR MH GD VDGUåH SRGDWNH LVWRJ VOLþQRJ QLYRD
DJUHJLUDQRVWL 1D SULPHU EHVPLVOHQR MH GD PHQDGåPHQW DQDOL]LUD NXSRYLQX MHGQRJ
NXSFDQDPHVHþQRPNYDUWDOQRPLOLJRGLãQMHPQLYRXYHüMHXWRPVOXþDMXDJUHJLUDQRVW
SRPHVWXLUHJLRQXSURGDMHQHRSKRGQD
7DEHOD þLQMHQLFD NRMD VH QDOD]L X VUHGLãWX ãHPH VNODGLãWD SRYH]XMH VH VD WDEHODPD
GLPHQ]LMDNRQFHSWRPVSROMQLKLSULPDUQLKNOMXþHYD7DNRGDSRUHGL]YHGHQLKSRGDWDND
WDEHODþLQMHQLFDVDGUåLVSROMQMHNOMXþHYH]DRGUåDYDQMHYH]DSUHPDWDEHODPDGLPHQ]LMD
.DR SULPDUQL NOMXþ WDEHOH þLQMHQLFD XRELþDMHQR MH GD VH NRULVWL NRPSR]LW VSROMQLK
NOMXþHYDSUHPDWDEHODPDGLPHQ]LMD8SUHGVWDYOMHQRPSULPHUXWDEHODþLQMHQLFDVDGUåL
SRGDWNHRSURGDMLDSRYH]DQDMHQDGLPHQ]LMHproizvodi i kupci 6OLND
7DEHODþLQMHQLFDprodaja SUHGVWDYOMDWDEHOXVDVWDYQLFXXRGQRVXQDWDEHOHGLPHQ]LMD
proizvodi i kupci7R]QDþL GDVXYH]Hproizvodi - prodaja i kupci - prodaja WLSDMHGDQ
SUHPDYLãHWDNRGDVHMHGQDYUVWDSURL]YRGDPRåHQDüLXYLãHSURGDMDNDRLGDMHGDQ
NXSDF PRåH GD REDYL YLãH NXSRYLQD 3ULPDUQL NOMXþHYL id_proizvoda i id_kupca
SUHGVWDYOMDMXVSROMQMHNOMXþHYHXWDEHOLprodaja LLVWRYUHPHQRVXGHORYLNRPELQRYDQRJ
SULPDUQRJNOMXþDRYHWDEHOHþLQMHQLFD
256
Baze podataka
Slika 13.6: 9H]DWDEHOHþLQMHQLFDVDWDEHODPDGLPHQ]LMD
-HGQRVWDYDQ L]JOHG VKHPH ]YH]GH GRELMHQ MH YLãHVWUXNRP DJUHJDFLMRP SRGDWDND X

QHNROLNR GLPHQ]LMD NRMH VX ELWQH ]D DQDOL]X L GRQRãHQMH SRVORYQLK RGOXND 'D EL VH
RVWYDULR YLVRN VWHSHQ JUXSLVDQMD SRGDWDND QHRSKRGQR MH GD ]DKWHYL SRVORYQLK
NRULVQLND EXGX GREURGHILQLVDQL 6DPR X WRP VOXþDMX PRJX GD VH RþHNXMX NYDOLWHWQL
L]YHGHQL SRGDFL L YDOLGQL ]DNOMXþFL QHRSKRGQL ]D GRQRãHQMH LVSUDYQLK SRVORYQLK
RGOXND6KHPD]YH]GHRPRJXüDYDYUOREU]HSHUIRUPDQVHVLVWHPDMHUVHXSLWLL]YRGHQD
YHü SULSUHPOMHQLP L]YHGHQLP DJUHJLUDQLP SRGDFLPD 6 GUXJH VWUDQH SURL]YRÿDþL
VNODGLãWD QXGH L DODWH NRML RPRJXüDYDMX NRULVQLFLPD GD PRJX GD L]YUãH L SURYHUX WLK
L]YHGHQLK SRGDWDND
SR GXELQL
GR VYDNRJ SRMHGLQDþQRJ SRGDWND GRELMHQRJ L]
NRQNUHWQRJL]YRUD
13.2.3 6KHPDSDKXOMLFH
PoreGVKHPH]YH]GHNRULVWHVHLVKHPDSDKXOMLFHsnowflake0RWLY]DRYXVKHPX

MH RþXYDQMH QRUPDOL]DFLMH SRGDWDND GLPHQ]LMD X VNODGLãWX 6KHPD SDKXOMLFH LPD
UD]JUDQDWX VWDEODVWX VWUXNWXUX 2G FHQWUD SUHPD NUDMHYLPD HQWLWHWL VH SR NUDFLPD
UHÿDMX RG SRMHGLQDþQRJ ND RSãWLMHP 1D VOHGHüRM LOXVWUDFLML SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH VKHPD
SDKXOMLFH UD]YLMHQD ]D GDWL SULPHU DQDOL]H SURGDMH 6OLND 'LPHQ]LMH YLãH QH
SUHGVWDYOMDMX DJUHJDWH LOL L]YRGH SRGDWDND YHü VX GHNRPSRQRYDQH QRUPDOL]RYDQH
1D SULPHU GLPHQ]LMD
3URGDMQL ODQFL
MH GHNRPSRQRYDQD QD QL] SRYH]DQLK REMHNDWD
WDEHOD- SURGDMQRPHVWRJUDGLUHJLRQ9UHPHQVNDGLPHQ]LMDVHUD]PDWUDNDRYUHPHL
GDWXP SRMHGLQDþQH NXSRYLQH ]DWLP NDR PHVHþQL L NYDUWDOQL YUHPHQVNL SHULRG
3URL]YRGL NRML VX SUHGPHW SURGDMH GHNRPSRQRYDQL VX SUHPD REMHNWLPD RG LQWHUHVD -
EUHQGRYLPDUREQLPPDUNDPDVQDEGHYDþLPDLWLSRYLPDSURL]YRGD7DNRÿHNXSFLVH
UD]PDWUDMXSRNDWHJRULMDPDWDNRGDMHGLPHQ]LMD
.XSFL
WDNRÿHGHNRPSRQRYDQD
257
Baze podataka
Slika 13.7: )RUPLUDQMHVKHPHSDKXOMLFHQDRVQRYXGDWRJSULPHUD
3RãWR MH VKHPD SDKXOMLFH NRPSOHNVQLMD RG VKHPH ]YH]GH SRVWRML SRWHQFLMDOQL
SUREOHP SDGD SHUIRUPDQVL VLVWHPD SURFHVLUDQMD SRGDWDND L EU]LQH L]YUãHQMD ad hoc
XSLWD WDNR GD SURL]YRÿDþL VXJHULãX NRULãüHQMH VKHPH ]YH]GH NDG JRG MH WR PRJXüH
-HGDQ RG QDþLQD SUHYD]LODåHQMD RYRJ SUREOHPD MH GHNRPSR]LFLMD VNODGLãWD QD YLãH
PDQMLKNRMLLPDMXVKHPX]YH]GHXPHVWRMHGQRJNRMHLPDVKHPXSDKXOMLFH
13.3 ,='9$-$1-( 75$163257 75$16)250$&,-$ , 8ý,7$9$1-(

PODATAKA (7/352&(6
3UYD ID]D X SULSUHPL SRGDWDND ]D VNODGLãWHQMH MH QMLKRYR L]GYDMDQMH WUDQVSRUW
WUDQVIRUPDFLMD L XþLWDYDQMH W]Y ETL - Extraction, Transport, Transformation and
Loading SURFHV2YDMSURFHVMHMDNRELWDQMHUVHPRUDMXSULNXSLWLSRGDFLL]UD]OLþLWLK
L]YRUD 7R VX QDMþHãüH %3 QD UD]OLþLWLP 68%3 ([FHO IDMORYL ;0/ IDMORYL L RELþQL
WHNVWXDOQLIDMORYL,DNR(7/SURFHVPRåHGDVHL]YHGHSURJUDPVNLXYHüLQLDNWXHOQLK
SURJUDPVNLKMH]LNDSLVDQMHSURJUDPVNRJNRGDhard coding
RGQXOH
from scratch
SRND]DORVHYUORQHSURGXNWLYQR3URL]YRÿDþL68%3LVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDVX]DWRUD]YLOL
QDSUHGQH DODWH NRML X YHOLNRM PHUL DXWRPDWL]XMX (7/ SURFHV 3ULPHUL WDNYLK DODWD VX
Oracle Data Warehouse Bulder, Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services i IBM
Information Server 3RUHG WRJD SRVWRMH NRPSDQLMH NRMH VX VH VSHFLMDOL]RYDOH ]D
SURL]YRGQMX DODWD ]D QDSUHGQX LQWHJUDFLMX SRGDWDND L] UD]OLþLWLK L]YRUD ãWR XNOMXþXMH
(7/ SURFHV 3ULPHU WDNYLK DODWD VX SAP Business Objects, SAS Data Integration
Studio, Informatica PowerCenter, Altova MapForce i DatabaseSpy, itd.
258
Baze podataka
13.3.1 ,]GYDMDQMHHNVWUDNFLMDSRGDWDND
2VQRYQLSULQFLS(7/SURFHVDMHGDVH]DVYDNLL]YRUSRGDWDNDSUDYLSRVHEQDWDEHOD
XVNODGLãWX7DEHOHXVNODGLãWXQHPRUDMXGDREXKYDWDMXVYHL]YRUQHSRGDWNHYHüRQH
NRML VX ELWQL ]D SRVORYQH NRULVQLNH 3URFHV L]GYDMDQMD SRGDWDND L] L]YRUD L QMLKRYD
SULSUHPD]DWUDQVSRUWXVNODGLãWHQD]LYDVHHNVWUDNFLMDSRGDWDND1DVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLML
SUHGVWDYOMHQ MH SULPHU HNVWUDNFLMH QD WLSD L]YRUQLK SRGDWDND WDEHOD Kupci koja se
QDOD]L XL]YRUQRM %3 L IDMO NRML VDGUåL SRGDWNH SURGDMH QD QHNRP RG SURGDMQLKPHVWD
]DSLVDQHXWHNVWXDOQRPIRUPDWXSlika 13.8
Slika 13.8: (7/SURFHVREXKYDWDSRGDWNHL]UD]QLKL]YRUD
3UYL VOXþDM SUHGVWDYOMD HNVWUDNFLMX SRGDWDND L] WDEHOH %3 X WDEHOX VNODGLãWD
SRGDWDND 7R MH QDMMHGQRVWDYQLML VOXþDM $NR MH L]YRULãQL 68%3 L VNODGLãWH RG LVWRJ
SURL]YRÿDþDWLSRYLSRGDWDNDVXLVWLWDNRGDMH(7/SURFHVQDMEUåLLQDMODNãHRVWYDUOMLY
$ODWL ]D (7/ SURFHVLUDQMH RPRJXüDYDMX þDN GD VH QDMSUH LPSRUWXMX PHWD - SRGDFL
VKHPH ]D NRPSOHWQH %3 D ]DWLP GD VH YUãL QMLKRYD PRGLILNDFLMD L PDSLUDQMH VD
sKHPRPWDEHODXVNODGLãWX3ULOLNRPHNVWUDNFLMHSRGDWDNDL]UD]OLþLWLK%3NRMHPRJX
GDEXGXLQDUD]OLþLWLPORNDFLMDPDXGUXåLYDQMHPRåHGDVHYUãLNUR]LVWLXSLW6OHGHüL
SULPHU 6OLND NRML MH QDSLVDQ X Oracle SQL*Plus MH]LNX LOXVWUXMH WDM VOXþDM 8
VNODGLãWXVHNUHLUDQRYDWDEHODzap_mor_mesta_prodaje QDRVQRYXUH]XOWDWDXSLWDL]
UD]OLþLWH %3 bp_lokacije i bp_klijenti. 2YH %3 QH PRUDMX ELWL þDN QLWL QD LVWLP
SODWIRUPDPDYHüGLVWULEXLUDQHELORJGHQDPUHåL8QRYRMWDEHOLELüHSUHGVWDYOMHQDVYD
PHVWDSURGDMHXNRMLPDMHL]YUãHQDNXSRYLQDXRNYLUXZapadno-moravskog UHJLRQD
259
Baze podataka
Slika 13.9: 3ULPHUXSLWD]DHNVWUDNFLMXSRGDWDNDL]YLãH%3
8 VOXþDMX GD VX 68%3L VNODGLãWH SRGDWDND RG UD]OLþLWLK SURL]YRÿDþD ]DKYDOMXMXüL
VWDQGDUGLPD QHPD SXQR UD]OLND X WLSRYLPD SRGDWDND , X WRP VOXþDMX SRVWRML GREUD
SRGUãND ]D NRQYHU]LMH WUDQVIRUPDFLMH SRGDWDND 7UDQVSRUW SRGDWDND L] L]YRUQH X
FLOMQXWDEHOXVHREDYOMDUXWLQVNLQDMYDåQLMHMHGDVHL]YUãLWDþQRPDSLUDQMHL]YRULãQLKX
FLOMQD SROMD 3ULOLNRP PDSLUDQMD QLMH REDYH]QR GD VYD SROMD L]YRUQH WDEHOH EXGX
L]GYRMHQD HNVWUDKRYDQD L XþLWDQD X RGJRYDUDMXüX WDEHOX X VNODGLãWX 1DNRQ
VSHFLILNDFLMHNRQHNFLMHSUHPDL]YRULãQRM%3LFLOMQRPVNODGLãWXDODW]DHNVWUDNFLMXYUãL
WUDQVSRUW SRGDWDND L] %3 X VNODGLãWH SULPHQMXMXüL WUDQVIRUPDFLMX SRGDWDND SROMD QDG
NRMLPDMHVSHFLILFLUDQDNRQYHU]LMD7UDQVIHULL]WDEHOD%3XWDEHOXVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDVX
SRSUDYLOXQDMEUåL
'UXJLVOXþDMSUHGVWDYOMDHNVWUDNFLMXSRGDWDNDL]WHNVWXDOQRJIDMODXWDEHOXVNODGLãWD
SRGDWDND2YDMVOXþDMMHQHãWRVORåHQLMLMHUXNOMXþXMHSURFHGXUXSDUVLUDQMDSRGDWDNDL]
L]YRUQRJIDMOD3DUVLUDQMHPVHWHNVWXDOQLSRGDFLWUDQVIRUPLãXXWDEHOXQDLVWLQDþLQNDR
GREURSR]QDWD06:RUGWUDQVIRUPDFLMD- Convert Text to Table7HNVWPRUDGDVDGUåL
VHSDUDWRUHSROMDLUHGRYD8JRUQMHPSULPHUX6OLND]DUH]

MHVHSDUDWRUSROMDD
R]QDND]DQRYLUHGVSHFLMDOQL$6&,,NDUDNWHU&5LOL&5/)MHVHSDUDWRUUHGRYD7UHED
]DSD]LWL GD VH X SUYRP UHGX QDOD]H QD]LYL SROMD ID_PROD, ID_PRODAVCA, LWG
1D]LYL SROMD QH SUHGVWDYOMDMX QHRSKRGQH SRGDWNH SRãWR PRJX HNVSOLFLWQR GD VH
GHILQLãXQHSRVUHGQRSUHNUHLUDQMDWDEHOHVNODGLãWDXNRMXüHVHSULPLWLåHOMHQLSRGDFL
$ODWL]D(7/SURFHVLUDQMHRPRJXüDYDMXSRGHãDYDQMHQDYHGHQLKRSFLMD
3RUHG QDYHGHQLK IRUPDWD DODWL ]D (7/ SURFHVLUDQMH RPRJXüDYDMX HNVWUDNFLMX

SRGDWDND L] PQRJREURMQLK GUXJLK IRUPDWD NDR ãWR VX 06 ([FHO UDGQH NQMLJH ;0/
IDMORYLLWG7DNRÿHQDMþHãüHVXSRGUåDQLXYR]LSRGDWDNDL]VYLKDNWXHOQLK68%3
13.3.2 7UDQVSRUWSRGDWDND
1DNRQHNVWUDNFLMH SRGDFLVHWUDQVSRUWXMXL]L]YRULãQLK%3GDWRWHNDXSULYUHPHQX
%3staging areaLOLGLUHNWQRXVNODGLãWHãWR]DYLVLRGDUKLWHNWXUHVLVWHPDSlika 13.1 i
7UDQVSRUWMH ]DSUDYR PLJUDFLMD SRGDWDND VMHGQH QD GUXJX SODWIRUPX 1DMþHãüH VH
SRGDFLWUDQVSRUWXMXNDRIDMORYLSRVUHGVWYRP)73NRQHNFLMHL]PHÿXL]YRUDSRGDWDNDL
VNODGLãWD7RPRJXELWL
260
Baze podataka
x UDYQL flat IDMORYL X QHNRP RSãWHP SUHGHILQLVDQRP IRUPDWX SUL þHPX VX
GRGDWQHLQIRUPDFLMHRL]YRUQRPREMHNWXQHRSKRGQH
x IDMORYLXQHNRPVSHFLILþQRPIRUPDWX- ãWRMHþHVWVOXþDMNDGDVXL]YRUQL68%3
LVNODGLãWDRGLVWRJSURL]YRÿDþD
x WUDQVSRUWNUR]GLVWULEXLUDQHRSHUDFLMH1DSULPHUXSLWLNRMLREXKYDWDMXWDEHOHX
%3QDXGDOMHQLPPDãLQDPD6OLND=DUD]OLNXRGSUHWKRGQLKQDþLQDNRML
SUHGVWDYOMDMX2IIOLQHSURFHVLUDQMHGLVWULEXLUDQHRSHUDFLMHRPRJXüDYDMX2QOLQH
GRELMDQMHSRGDWDND- UH]XOWDWDXSLWDGLUHNWQRXMHGQRPNRUDNX
x VSHFLILþQD YLVRNR RSWLPL]RYDQD UHãHQMD NDR ãWR VX Oracle WUDQVSRUWDELOQH
WDEHOH NRMH VH NRULVWH L ]D WUDQVSRUW SRGDWDND L]PHÿX SULSUHPQH %3 staging
areaLVNODGLãWD
=D UD]OLNX RG HNVWUDNFLMH SRGDWDND NRMD XNOMXþXMH KHWHURJHQH L]YRUH SRGDWDND
VWUDWHJLMD WUDQVSRUWD SRGDWDND X FLOMQR VNODGLãWH WUHED GD EXGH MHGLQVWYHQD X VPLVOX
L]ERUDQDþLQDWUDQVSRUWD7R]QDþLGDWUDQVSRUWRYDQLSRGDFLWUHEDGDLPDMXMHGLQVWYHQ
IRUPDW(7/SURFHVMHGLQDPLþDQLPRåHGDVHL]YUãDYD
x SHULRGLþQR QDMþHãüH GQHYQR QHGHOMQR PHVHþQR X ]DYLVQRVWL RG GLQDPLNH
RELPDSRVORYDLSHUIRUPDQVLSODWIRUPHQDNRMRMMHVNODGLãWHSRGDWDND
x SRHNVSOLFLWQRP]DKWHYXSRVORYQLKNRULVQLNDLOL
x NDGQDVWDQHSRWUHEDXVUHGYHOLNLKSURPHQDSRGDWDNDXVLVWHPX
=DMHGQLþNLIRUPDW]DWUDQVSRUWRYDQMHSR]LWLYQRXWLþHQDVWDELOQHSHUIRUPDQVHVLVWHPD
13.3.3 7UDQVIRUPDFLMDLXþLWDYDQMHSRGDWDND
7UDQVIRUPDFLMD SRGDWDND SUHGVWDYOMD QDM]DKWHYQLML GHR (7/ SURFHVD 3RVWRMH GYH

WHKQLNHWUDQVIRUPDFLMHSRGDWDND
x YLãHVWHSHQDWHKQLNDmultistage data transformation
x NDQDOVNDWHKQLNDpipeline data transformation
9LãHVWHSHQD WHKQLND MH QDMþHãüH NRULãüHQD WHKQLND SRJRGQD ]D DUKLWHNWXUH VD
SULSUHPQLP]RQDPDXNRMLPDVHYUãHQDMYHüLGHRWUDQVIRUPDFLMH1DVOHGHüHPSULPHUX
SUHGVWDYOMHQDMHYLãHVWHSHQDWUDQVIRUPDFLMDSRGDWDNDXVOXþDMXGDVHWUDQVSRUWSRGDWDND
L] L]YRUD REDYLR SRVUHGVWYRP UDYQLK IDMORYD Slika 13.10 3UH QHJR ãWR VH SRGDFL
SURGDMD QDÿX X WDEHOL þLQMHQLFD VSUHPQL ]D DQDOL]X QHRSKRGQR LK MH WUDQVIRUPLVDWL X
SRWUHEDQ IRUPDW 3RGDFL L] UDYQLK GDWRWHND VH GRGDMX X SULYUHPHQX WDEHOX X
NRQNUHWQRPVOXþDMXWRMHWDEHODSURGDMHX]RQLSULSUHPHstaging area'DOMHVHYUãL
LQNUHPHQWDOQDREUDGDWLKSRGDWDND64/RSHUDFLMDPDNRMLPDVH YUãLSURYHUDYDOLGQRVWL
SRGDWDND]DPHQDNOMXþHYDLSUHVODJDQMHSRGDWDNDSUHPDSRWUHEL2ELþQRMHEURMID]DX
RNYLUX NRMLKVH RGYLMD WUDQVIRUPDFLMDMHGQDN EURMX 64/ RSHUDFLMDMHU VH þLWDY SURFHV
SRVWXSQR RGYLMD L WDEHOD LQNUHPHQWDOQR GRELMD VYRMH NRQDþQR XUHÿHQMH 1D NUDMX VH
WDEHODL]]RQHSULSUHPHXEDFXMHXVNODGLãWH,VWLMHQDþLQWUDQVIRUPDFLMHXVOXþDMHYLPD
WDEHOHþLQMHQLFDLWDEHODGLPHQ]LMD
261
Baze podataka
Slika 13.10: 9LãHVWHSHQDWUDQVIRUPDFLMDSRGDWDNDSULPHU
.DQDOVND WHKQLND WUDQVIRUPDFLMH SRGDWDND VH SULPHQMXMH X RVQRYQRM DUKLWHNWXUL

VNODGLãWD Slika 13.1 X NRMRM QH SRVWRML ]RQD SULSUHPH YHü SRVWRMH GLUHNWQH YH]H
VNODGLãWDLL]YRUDSRGDWND2YDWHKQLNDMHEUåDXRGQRVXQDYLãHVWHSHQXWHKQLNXDOLMH
SRWUHEQDYHOLNDNRKHUHQWQRVWL]YRUDSRGDWDNDLVNODGLãWD1HVDPRGDWUHEDGDEXGXRG
LVWRJ SURL]YRÿDþD YHü WUHED YRGLWL UDþXQDL R LQWHURSHUDELOQRVWL YHU]LMD RYLK VLVWHPD
1D VOHGHüRM LOXVWUDFLML 6OLND SUHGVWDYOMHQMH LVWLSULPHU DOL VHX RYRP VOXþDMX
YUãLWUDQVIRUPDFLMDNDQDOVNRPWHKQLNRP,]YRUQDWDEHODVHWUDQVSRUWXMHUDYQLPIDMORP
IDMORYLPD DNR MH YHüD NOLþLQD SRGDWDND L WUDQVIRUPDFLMD VH YUãL EH] IRUPLUDQMD
SULYUHPHQLKWDEHODYHüVHGLUHNWQRGRELMDWUDQVIRUPLVDQDWDEHODNRMDVH]DWLPGRGDMHX
skladište.
Slika 13.11: .DQDOVNDWHKQLNDWUDQVIRUPDFLMHSRGDWDNDSULPHU
262
Baze podataka
1D QLYRXLQVWUXNFLMD WUDQVIRUPDFLMDVHQDMþHãüHUHDOL]XMH NUR] W]Y &7$6Create

Table As Select64/QDUHGEH2YHQDUHGEHVXNRPSR]LWQHSRãWRVDGUåHWLSLþDQ64/
XSLWQDQLYRXSRGDWDNDSelect DML - Data Manipulation Language statementL64/
QDUHGEX]DNUHLUDQMHWDEHOHQDQLYRXPHWD- SRGDWDNDCreate DDL - Data Definition
Language statement 6OHGHüL SULPHU SULND]XMH MHGQX &7$6 QDUHGEX Slika 13.12
NRULãüHQX X YLãHVWHSHQRM WUDQVIRUPDFLML ]D NUHLUDQMH WDEHOH SULYUHPHQDBSURGDMDB od
tabela SULYUHPHQDBSURGDMDB i proizvodWDNRGDVH83&Uniform Price CodesNRG
SURL]YRGD ]DPHQMXMH LGHQWLILNDWRURP SURL]YRGD proizvod_id NRML VH NRULVWL XQXWDU
VLVWHPDSRJOHGDWLVOLNHSlika 13.10 i 13.11 - NRQYHU]LMDL]YRUQLKNOMXþHYDSURL]YRGDX
NOMXþHYHVNODGLãWD
Slika 13.12: 7UDQVIRUPDFLMD&7$664/QDUHGERP
3RVWRMHLVORåHQLMHWUDQVIRUPDFLMHNRMHPRJXGDVHL]YUãHQDGSRGDFLPDXFLOMXQMLKRYRJ
EROMHJRUJDQL]RYDQMD1DSULPHUL]YRULSRGDWDNDPRJXGDEXGXXWDEHODUQRPIRUPDWXDOL
WRQHPRUDMXGDEXGXUHODFLRQHWDEHOH8VOHGHüHPSULPHUXREUDÿHQMHMHGDQWDNDYVOXþDM
Slika 13.133UHGVWDYOMHQLVXSRGDFLYH]DQL]DNXSRYLQXRGUHÿHQLKSURL]YRGDRGVWUDQH
NXSDFDSUHGVWDYOMHQ MHVDPRMHGDQRGNXSDFDþLMLMH,' UD]PDWUDQXSUHPDGDQLPDX
QHGHOML8XOD]QRMWDEHOLVYDNLGDQLPDVRSVWYHQRSROMH]DþXYDQMHL]QRVDNXSRYLQHNXSFD
]D RGUHÿHQL SURL]YRG &LOMMH GD VH L]YUãL WUDQVIRUPDFLMD X UHODFLRQX WDEHOX NRMD üH
LPDWLMHGQRSROMH]DL]QRVHLMHGQRSROMH]DGDWXPH
Slika 13.13: 7UDQVIRUPDFLMDSRGDWDND
263
Baze podataka
3UHGVWDYOMHQD WUDQVIRUPDFLMD VH QD]LYD REUWDQMH pivoting 1D QLYRX LQVWUXNFLMD

pivoting WUDQVIRUPDFLMDVHUHDOL]XMH64/QDUHGERP]DGRGDYDQMH]DSLVDSlika 13.14
Slika 13.14: 64/QDUHGEDNRMRPVHRPRJXüDYDSLYRWLUDQMHXOD]QHXL]OD]QXWDEHOX
&LOM WUDQVIRUPDFLMH EH] RE]LUD QD QDþLQ QD NRML VH L]YRGL MH SXQMHQMH VNODGLãWD
SRWUHEQLP SRGDFLPD =D XþLWDYDQMH VH NRULVWH SRVHEQL PRGXOL 64/ SXQLRFL SQL
loader) 2YL PRGXOL YUãH SUL XþLWDYDQMX SRWUHEQH WUDQVIRUPDFLMH SRGDWDND RG
NRQYHU]LMD WLSRYD UXNRYDQMD 18// YUHGQRVWLPD GR VRUWLUDQMD ILOWULUDQMD GRELMDQMD
L]YHGHQLK SRGDWDND L UHGL]DMQD SRGDWDND X WDEHOL %U]LQD (7/ SURFHVD X YHOLNRM PHUL
]DYLVLRGNYDOLWHWD64/SXQLODFD
13.4 3520(1$$ä85,5$1-(32'$7$.$86./$',â78
(7/SURFHVLUDQMHSULSUHPDSRGDWNHUDGLGDOMHREUDGHXVPLVOXDJUHJDFLMHLGRELMDQMD
VXPDUQLKSRGDWDNDXVNODGXVD]DKWHYLPDSRVORYQLKNRULVQLND.RULVQLFLPRJXGDOMHGD
NUHLUDMXUD]OLþLWHREOLNHL]YHãWDMDGDYUãHQDSUHGQDSUHWUDåLYDQMDLDQDOL]XWLKSRGDWNDX
UHDOQRPYUHPHQX%H]RE]LUDQDL]YRUSRGDFLVHXVNODGLãWLPDQDOD]HXWDEHODPDkoje
VDGUåHSULPDUQHLVSROMQMHNOMXþHYHLNRMHVXLQGHNVLUDQH,GHQWLILNDWRUL]DSLVDSULPHUQL
NOMXþHYL X WDEHODPD VNODGLãWD þHVWR QLVX LVWL NDR RQL NRULãüHQL X L]YRUQLP WDEHODPD
2E]LURP GD VH SRGDFL X L]YRUQLP WDEHODPD QHSUHNLGQR PHQMDMX D GD WD SURPHQD QH
PRåHGDVHRGUD]LDXWRPDWVNLXWDEHODPDVNODGLãWDQHPRJXDXWRPDWVNLGDVHSULPHQH
PHKDQL]PL RGUåDYDQMD UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD X VNODGLãWLPD MH SRWUHEQD GUXNþLMD
VWUDWHJLMDLWHKQLNDDåXULUDQMDSRGDWDND
1DMþHãüHVHSRGDFLXVNODGLãWXDåXULUDMXX]DGDWLPYUHPHQVNLPLQWHUYDOLPDGQHYQR
QSU VYDNH QRüL QHGHOMQR LOL PHVHþQR 2E]LURP GD WDEHOH X VNODGLãWLPD VDGUåH
LVWRULMVNH SRGDWNH NRML VH QDMþHãüH YLãH QH PHQMDMX L RE]LURP GD LPDMX YHOLNL EURM
zapisa QDURþLWR WDEHOH þLQMHQLFD VWUDWHJLMD DåXULUDQMD VH VYRGL QD GRGDYDQMH VDPR
QRYLK D QH VYLK ]DSLVD 2YR MH VOXþDM NRML YDåL ]D VLWXDFLMX GD X PHÿXYUHPHQX QLMH
GRãOR GR SURPHQH VKHPH ELOR L]YRUQLK %3 ELOR VKHPH VNODGLãWD 5DGL RSWLPL]DFLMH
PDQLSXOLVDQMD SRGDFLPD WDEHOD VNODGLãWD SURL]YRÿDþL VX RPRJXüLOL GD VH YUãL
264
Baze podataka
NRQWUROLVDQRGHOMHQMHWDEHODpartitioningSR]DGDWRPNULWHULMXPX3RãWRMHDåXULUDQMH

SHULRGLþQR YUHPHQVNL NULWHULMXP MH QDMEROML ]D GHOMHQMH WDEHOD 1D WDM QDþLQ VH X
PHPRULMXXþLWDYDMXVDPRSRGDFLGHODSDUWLFLMHWDEHOH]DYUHPHQVNLSHULRGRGLQWHUHVD
6ODGHüLSULPHULOXVWUXMHRYDMWLSLþDQSRVWXSDNDåXULUDQMD
13.4.1 3ULPHUDåXULUDQMDWDEHOHVNODGLãWD
8VNODGLãWXSRVWRMLWDEHODprodaja NRMDSUHGVWDYOMDWDEHOXþLQMHQLFD2QDVHDåXULUD
SHULRGLþQR - QD PHVHþQRM ED]L ,VWR WDNR UDGL RSWLPL]DFLMH WDEHOD MH SRGHOMHQD QD
PHVHþQH SDUWLFLMH 7R ]QDþL GD VH VYDNRJ SUYRJ X PHVHFX GRGDMX ]DSLVL L] L]YRUQLK
WDEHOD]DSUHWKRGQLPHVHF=DGDWDNMHGD VHGRGDMXXWDEHOXprodaja ]DSLVL]DPHVHF
MXQ-WH$åXULUDQMHVHRGYLMDXID]H
1. QDMSUH VH NUHLUD QRYD SULYUHPHQD WDEHOD RG ]DSLVD ]D PHVHF MXQ
SURGDMDBB
2. ]DWLP VH QD SULYUHPHQRM WDEHOL SURGDMDBB SULPHQL LQGHNVLUDQMH L
RJUDQLþHQMDNRMDYDåH]DWDEHOXVNODGLãWDprodaja
3. QDNUDMXVHSRGDFLSULYUHPHQHWDEHOHSURGDMDBBGRGDMXWDEHOLprodaja X
2 koraka:
ƕ XWDEHOLprodaja NUHLUDVHQRYDSDUWLFLMD]DPHVHFMXQ
ƕ X RYX SDUWLFLMX VH ]DWLP GRGDMH þLWDYD WDEHOD SURGDMDBB þLPH

RQDSUHVWDMHGDSRVWRMLNDRSRVHEQDWDEHODYHüSRVWDMHGHR- SDUWLFLMD
tabele prodaja
2YDMSRVWXSDNRPRJXüDYDXãWHGXXNRULãüHQMXUHVXUVDMHUVHLQGHNVLUDQMHLSURYHUD
UHIHUHQFLMDOQRJ LQWHJULWHWD RJUDQLþHQMD QLMH L]YUãLOR QD þLWDYRM WDEHOi prodaja YHü
VDPRQDSULYUHPHQRMWDEHOLSURGDMDBB3RUHGGRGDYDQMDDåXULUDQMHRPRJXüDYD
XNODQMDQMH L DUKLYLUDQMH SRGDWDND 1D SULPHU DNR VX ]D DQDOL]X L RGOXþLYDQMH YDåQL
SRGDFL QH VWDULML RG WUL JRGLQH WR ]QDþL GD EL ]D SUHWKRGQL SULPHU WDEHOa prodaja
VDGUåDOD SDUWLFLMD GRGDYDQMH SDUWLFLMH ]D QRYL PHVHF üH DXWRPDWVNL L]YUãLWL
DUKLYLUDQMHLOLNRPSOHWQRXNODQMDQMHSDUWLFLMHQDMVWDULMHJPHVHFDL]WDEHOH
13.5 $*5(*,5$1-(32'$7$.$86./$',â78
$JUHJDFLMDSRGDWDNDSUHGVWDYOMDRVQRYQLNRQFHSW]ERJNRMHJVHVNODGLãWDNRULVWH=D
WX QDPHQX XSRWUHEOMHQLVX64/ XSLWL X NRMLPD MH GROUP BY NODX]XOD SURãLUHQD QD
UD]OLþLWHQDþLQH
x CUBE i ROLLUP HNVWHQ]LMDPD
x IXQNFLMDPD]DJUXSLVDQMHL
x VNXSRYLPD]DJUXSLVDQMH
265
Baze podataka
2YHWHKQLNHRPRJXüDYDMXMHGQRVWDYQRLEU]RL]YUãHQMHXSLWDLIRUPLUDQMHL]YHãWDMDX
FLOMX YLãHGLPHQ]LRQDOQH YLãHNULWHULMXPVNH DQDOL]H SRGDWDND NRMD SUHGVWDYOMD RVQRY
VLVWHPLPD]DSRGUãNXXRGOXþLYDQMX
13.5.1 ROLLUP ekstenzija
ROLLUP HNVWHQ]LMD MH QDPHQMHQD ]D GRELMDQMH DJUHJDFLMD QD UD]OLþLWLP QLYRLPD X
YLGX VXPD 680 NROLþLQHEURMHYD &2817 PDNVLPDOQLK 0$; PLQLPDOQLK
0,1LVUHGQMLK$9*YUHGQRVWL]D]DGDWHJUXSHGLPHQ]LMD3UHGVWDYOMDMHGQRVWDYQX
HNVWHQ]LMX GROUP BY NODX]XOH 6WUXNWXUD 64/ XSLWD VD ROLLUP HNVWHQ]LMRP
L]JOHGD
*UXSLVDQMHVHYUãLOLVWRPGLPHQ]LMDXNRMRMMHELWDQUHGRVOHG1DSULPHUDNRVXX
OLVWLSREURMDQLUHGRPODQDFSURGDMHYUHPHLL]QRVWR]QDþLGDüHUH]XOWXMXüL]DSLVLLVWR
WDNRELWLJUXSLVDQL6OHGHüLSULPHUWRGHPRQVWULUDSlika 13.15
Slika 13.15: 3ULPHU64/DJUHJLUDMXüHJXSLWDVD52//83HNVWHQ]LMRP
8 SULPHUX VYL SRGDFL NRML VH VHOHNWXMX VX ]DSUDYR JUXSLVDQL SRPRüX ROLLUP
HNVWHQ]LMH8WHERE NODX]XOLVXGDWLNULWHULMXPL]DSRYH]LYDQMHSRGDWDNDL]WDEHODX
VNODGLãWXSUHPDLGHQWLILNDWRULPD]DSLVDLILOWHUL]DROLLUP JUXSLVDQMH- REXKYDüHQL
VXSURGDMQLODQFL]YDQLInternet i Direktna prodaja, PHVHFL maj i jun XGUåDYDPDSrbiji
RS L0DNHGRQLML MK. 5H]XOWDW RYDNYRJ XSLWD L]JOHGDüH NDR QD VOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLML
6OLND
266
Baze podataka
Slika 13.16: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ64/XSLWDVD52//83HNVWHQ]LMRP
3RGDFL X UH]XOWXMXüRM WDEHOL JUXSLVDQL VX V OHYD X GHVQR 8 SRVOHGQMRM NRORQL

prodaje SUHGVWDYOMHQL VX DJUHJLUDQL SRGDFL - QRYþDQL L]QRVL PHVHþQH SURGDMH ]D
UD]OLþLWHNRPELQDFLMHJUXSLVDQMD9UHGQRVWLNRMHQLVXXRNYLUHQHSUHGVWDYOMDMXL]QRVHSR
]HPOMDPD SURGDMH QD PHVHþQRP QLYRX X RNYLUX UD]OLþLWLK SURGDMQLK ODQDFD &UYHQR
XRNYLUHQLVXL]QRVLDJUHJLUDQLQDQLYRXGUåDYH]HOHQRXRNYLUHQLVXL]QRVLDJUHJLUDQLQD
PHVHþQRP QLYRX L SODYR XRNYLUHQ MH L]QRV SURGDMH DJUHJLUDQ QD QLYRX SURGDMQLK
ODQDFD 2YDNR GRELMHQL SRGDFL GDOMH PRJX GD VH LQWHUSUHWLUDMX QD UD]OLþLWH QDþLQH
DQDOLWLþNLPDODWLPDILOWULUDQLYL]XDOL]RYDQLXYLGXGLMDJUDPDLWG
13.5.2 &8%(HNVWHQ]LMD
CUBE HNVWHQ]LMD MH YHRPD VOLþQD ROLLUP HNVWHQ]LML V WLP GD RPRJXüDYD X MHGQRM
QDUHGEL NDONXODFLMX VYLK PRJXüLK NRPELQDFLMD DJUHJDFLMD 2YD SUHGQRVW LPD FHQX X
LQWHQ]LYQRPNRULãüHQMXUHVXUVDSODWIRUPHUDGLSURFHVLUDQMDSRGDWDNDCUBE HNVWHQ]LMX
]DWRWUHEDL]EHJDYDWLNDGJRGMHWRPRJXüH0HÿXWLPXQHNLPVLWXDFLMDPDSUHGVWDYOMD
QDMRSWLPDOQLMLL]ERU- GRELMDQMHL]YHãWDMDL]XQDNUVQLKXSLWDQDGYLãHWDEHOD7R]QDþLGD
MH WUHED NRULVWLWL NDGD VX X XSLWLPD LQWHQ]LYQR NRPELQRYDQH NRORQH SROMD YLãH
GLPHQ]LMD D L]EHJDYDWL NDGD NRORQH SUHGVWDYOMDMX UD]OLþLWH QLYRH LVWH GLPHQ]LMH
6WUXNWXUD64/XSLWDVDCUBE HNVWHQ]LMRPL]JOHGD
Kao kod ROLLUP XSLWDCUBE HNVWHQ]LMRPJUXSLVDQMHVHYUãLOLVWRPGLPHQ]LMDX

NRMRMMHELWDQUHGRVOHG1DSULPHUDNRVXXOLVWLSREURMDQLUHGRPODQDFSURGDMHYUHPHL
L]QRV WR ]QDþL GD üH UH]XOWXMXüL ]DSLVL LVWR WDNR ELWL JUXSLVDQL 6OHGHüL SULPHU WR
GHPRQVWULUDSlika 13.17
267
Baze podataka
Slika 13.17. 3ULPHU64/DJUHJLUDMXüHJXSLWDVD&8%(HNVWHQ]LMRP
,DNRVHJRUQMLCUBE XSLWUD]OLNXMHRGROLLUP XSLWDSlika 13.15VDPRSRQD]LYX

HNVWHQ]LMH UD]OLND L]PHÿX UH]XOWDWD MH PQRJR RþLJOHGQLMD Slika 13.18 5H]XOWDW
ROLLUP XSLWDLPDRMHUHGRYDGRNUH]XOWDWCUBE XSLWDVDGUåLUHGRYD3RGDFLVX
DJUHJLUDQL X VYLP PRJXüLP NRPELQDFLMDPD 3UYL UHG SUHGVWDYOMD DJUHJDW VYHJD -
XNXSDQ L]QRV SURGDMH 6OHGHüD GYD VX DJUHJDWL - L]QRVL SURGDMD SR GUåDYDPD ýHWYUWL
UHG SUHGVWDYOMD PHVHþQL DJUHJDW - XNXSDQ L]QRV SURGDMH X PHVHFX PDMX 6OHGHüD GYD
UHGDVXDJUHJDWL- L]QRVLSURGDMDSRGUåDYDPDXPHVHFXPDMX2GVHGPRJGRGHYHWRJ
UHGDVXL]QRVLSURGDMD]DMXQ- QDMSUHXNXSQLPL]QRVRPSURGDMH]DMXQD]DWLPL]QRVL
SURGDMH ]D WDM PHVHF SR GUåDYDPD =DWLP VOHGH DJUHJDWL - SR SURGDMQLP ODQFLPD 1D
SULPHU UHG X NRPH VH SRMDYOMXMH X SUYRM NRORQL SUYL SXW YUHGQRVW Direktna prodaja
SUHGVWDYOMDXNXSDQL]QRVRVWYDUHQGLUHNWQRPSURGDMRP]DVYHPHVHFHLGUåDYH=DWLP
VOHGHDJUHJDWL- L]QRVLGLUHNWQHSURGDMHSRGUåDYDPD]DWLPSRPHVHFLPDNRMHVe dalje
UDãþODQMXMX SR PHVHFLPD L GUåDYDPD 1D LVWL QDþLQ IRUPLUDQL VX L UH]XOWDWL SURGDMH
SUHNRLQWHUQHWD
268
Baze podataka
Slika 13.18: 5H]XOWDWSUHWKRGQRJ64/XSLWDVD&8%(HNVWHQ]LMRP
=DYHOLNLEURMGLPHQ]LMDNRULãüHQMHCUBE HNVWHQ]LMHPRåHGDEXGHSUREOHPDWLþQRL
SR SLWDQMX YHOLþLQH L SUHJOHGQRVWL UH]XOWDWD -HGQR RG UHãHQMD SUREOHPD MH GHOLPLþQR
NRULãüHQMH CUBE HNVWHQ]LMH WDNR ãWR VH L]D GROUP BY NODX]XOH GRGD QD]LY SROMD
NRORQH SUe CUBE HNVWHQ]LMH 6OHGHüD PRGLILNDFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD SDUFLMDOQR NRULãüHQMH
CUBE HNVWHQ]LMH
8RþOMLYRMHGDXRGQRVXQDSUHWKRGQL64/XSLWVDCUBE HNVWHQ]LMRPSlika 13.17

SDUFLMDOQD CUBE HNVWHQ]LMD QH REXKYDWD VYH GLPHQ]LMH ]D JUXSLVDQMH 8 NRQNUHWQRP
VOXþDMXL]EDþHQDMHL]OLVWHGLPHQ]LMDprodajni lanci NRMDMH]DSUDYRVDPRSUHPHãWHQD
NDRNULWHULMXP]DJUXSLVDQMHRGPDKL]DGROUP BY NODX]XOH.DRUH]XOWDWGRELüHVH
269
Baze podataka
WDEHODNRMDXPHVWRVDGUåLSROMD8RGQRVXQDSUHWKRGQLUH]XOWDWSlika 13.18

QHüHSRVWRMDWLUHGRYLNRMLQHPDMXYUHGQRVW]DSROMHprodajni_lanci.NAZ.
13.5.3 )XQNFLMHLVNXSRYL]DJUXSLVDQMH
)XQNFLMH ]D JUXSLVDQMH RPRJXüDYDMX SURJUDPVNX REUDGX UH]XOWDWD 2PRJXüDYDMX

HOLPLQLVDQMH18//YUHGQRVWLVRUWLUDQMHDJUHJLUDQLKYUHGQRVWLLILOWULUDQMHUH]XOWDWD=D
RYXVYUKXNRULVWLVHNODX]XODGROUPING NRMDRPRJXüDYDGDVHJUXSLãXUH]XOWDWLYHü
DJUHJLUDQLQHNRPRGWHKQLNDGROUP BYROLLUP i CUBE HNVWHQ]LMDPDLSULNDåX
VDPR RQH YUHGQRVWL NRMH VX ELWQH ]D DQDOL]X X GDWRP WUHQXWNX 1D SULPHU X]HYãL
UH]XOWDWH VD SUHWKRGQLK LOXVWUDFLMD 6OLNH GR IXQNFLMDPD ]D JUXSLVDQMH
PRJOL EL VH L]GYRMLWL SRGDFL VDPR QD JRGLãQMHP QLYRX SR GYD SUHRVWDOD NULWHULMXPD
GLPHQ]LMHGUåDYDLSURGDMQLODQDFSlika 13.19
Slika 13.19: 5H]XOWDWSULPHQHIXQNFLMD]DJUXSLVDQMH

GDELVHGRELOLUH]XOWDWLQDJRGLãQMHPQLYRX
3ULPHQRP IXQNFLMD ]D JUXSLVDQMH XPHVWR YHOLNRJ EURMD ]DSLVD L QHSUHJOHGQLK

UH]XOWDWD GRELMHQD MH UH]XOWXMXüD WDEHOD NRMD VDGUåL VDPR PDQML GHR DJUHJLUDQLK
SRGDWDND 5H]XOWDWL VX PQRJR SUHJOHGQLML L MDVQLML ]D WXPDþHQMH RG VWUDQH
PHQDGåPHQWD
6NXSRYL ]D JUXSLVDQMH RPRJXüDYDMX SUHFL]QX VSHFLILNDFLMX JUXSLVDQMD SRGDWDND X

VOXþDMX NRULãüHQMD YLãH GLPHQ]LMD L EH] NRULãüHQMD ]DKWHYQRJ SURFHVLUDQMD CUBE
HNVWHQ]LMRPX64/XSLWX7R]QDþLGDMHMHGQLPXSLWRP PRJXüHL]YUãLWLLVWRYUHPHQR
YLãHJUXSLVDQMDSRGDWDNDQDUD]OLþLWHQDþLQH6LQWDNVDQDUHGEH]DGHILQLVDQMHVNXSRYD
]DJUXSLVDQMHGDWDMHVOHGHüLPL]UD]RP
.ODX]XOD*5283,1* SETS MHNDUDNWHULVWLþQD]DIRUPLUDQMHVNXSRYD]DJUXSLVDQMD

LSUHGVWDYOMDNUDüL]DSLVXQLMHUH]XOWDWDYLãHVWUXNRJJUXSLVDQMDGROUP BY NODX]XODPD
6NXSRYL ]D JUXSLVDQMH RPRJXüDYDMX GD SRGDFL X VNODGLãWX EXGX SUHGVWDYOMHQL QD
UD]OLþLWHQDþLQH
270
Baze podataka
13.6 $1$/,7,ý.(23(5$&,-(
,]YHGHQL L DJUHJLUDQL SRGDFL X VNODGLãWX SRGDWDND GDOMH VH NRULVWH ]D DQDOLWLþNR
SURFHVLUDQMH OLAP - Online Analitical Processing L ]D QDSUHGQR SUHWUDåLYDQMH
SRGDWDND DM - Data Mining 2YD GYD SURFHVD VH VXãWLQVNL UD]OLNXMX X SULVWXSX
SRGDFLPDOLAP VHL]YRGLQDXNUãWHQLPSRGDFLPDQDYLãLPQLYRLPDDJUHJDFLMHGRNMH
DM QDPHQMHQ WUDJDQMX ]D VNULYHQLP SUDYLOLPD REUDVFLPD X NRQNUHWQLP SRGDFLPD
5D]OLþLWRVWOLAP i DM LKþLQLX]DMDPQRGRSXQMLYLPNRPSOHPHQWDUQLP
13.6.1 2/$3IXQNFLMH
8 SUHWKRGQRM VHNFLML SUHGVWDYOMHQH VX RVQRYQH WHKQLNH NRMLPD VH RPRJXüXMH

GRELMDQMHL]YHGHQLKSRGDWDNDXFLOMXQMLKRYHDQDOL]HOLAP NRULVWLYLãHGLPHQ]LRQDOQL
PRGHO SRGDWDND QDG NRMLP REDYOMD VWDWLVWLþNH PDWHPDWLþNH L ILQDQVLMVNH DQDOL]H QDG
LVWRULMVNLP SRGDFLPD 3URL]YRÿDþL VNODGLãWD QXGH GRGDWQH IXQNFLMH NRMLPD VH
REH]EHÿXMH SURãLUHQMH 64/ XSLWD UDGL REUDGH DJUHJLUDQLK L L]YHGHQLK SRGDWDND X
VNODGLãWX2YHIXQNFLMHPRJXGDVHJUXSLãXXNDWHJRULMH
x agregacione IXQNFLMH - QDPHQMHQH ]D SURQDODåHQMH VUHGQMLK YUHGQRVWL VXPD

QDMPDQMLKLQDMYHüLKYUHGQRVWLUDQJLUDQMH]DSLVDLEURMDQMH]DSLVDSR]DGDWLP
NULWHULMXPLPD
x KLMHUDUKLMVNH IXQNFLMH - ]D DQDOL]X KLMHUDUKLMVNLK VWUXNWXUD - RGQRVL L]PHÿX
UH]XOWDWD QD ED]L QDVOHGQLFL SUHWKRGQLFL URGLWHOML GHFD RGUHÿLYDQMH QLYRD
KLMHUDUKLMHGXELQHKLMHUDUKLMVNRJSRUHWNDLVO
x lag IXQNFLMH- QDPHQMHQH]DRWNULYDQMH]DNRQLWRVWLSURPHQHLUD]OLNDYUHGQRVWL
SRGDWDNDQDMþHãüHL]PHÿXUD]OLþLWLKYUHPHQVNLKSHULRGD
x IXQNFLMHza rangiranje - QDPHQMHQH]DUDQJLUDQMHSRGDWDNDXRGQRVXQD]DGDWH
NULWHULMXPH UDQJ PRåH GD EXGH SURVHþDQ SR SHULRGLPD PRåH GD LPD
IUHNYHQFLMXSRMDYOMLYDQMDSRGDWDNDXRGUHÿHQRPUDQJXLVO
x IXQNFLMH raspodele - QDPHQMHQH ]D GRELMDQMH UDVSRGHOH XþHãüD SRGDWDND X
RGQRVXQDQMLKRYXNXPXODWLYQXPDVXLOLNDUDNWHULVWLþQHYUHGQRVWLDNRVHUDGL
RKLMHUDUKLMVNRMVWUXNWXULSRGDWDNDURGLWHOMSUYLNRUHQLSUHGDN
x prozorske IXQNFLMH - SUHGVWDYOMDMX SRGVNXS agregacionih IXQNFLMD NRMH VH
L]YUãDYDMX QD VSHFLILþDQ QDþLQ IRUPLUD VH
SUR]RU
NRML REXKYDWD SRGVNXS
YUHGQRVWL NRMH VH DQDOL]LUDMX QD WDM QDþLQ PRJXüH MH L]YUãLWL DQDOL]X NUHWDQMD
UDþXQDQMHP VXPD DULWPHWLþNLK VUHGLQD QDMPDQMLK L QDMYHüLK YUHGQRVWL X
SUR]RUX
5H]XOWDWL2/$3DQDOL]DVHQDMþHãüHSUHGVWDYOMDMXXYLGXUD]OLþLWLKGLMDJUDPDLWDEHOD
DJUHJLUDQLK SRGDWDND NDNR EL WUHQGRYL SURPHQD NDUDNWHULVWLþQH YUHGQRVWL ELOH ODNR
XRþOMLYH1DVOHGHüRMLOXVWUDFLMLVXSULND]DQLQHNLRGWLSRYDGLMDJUDPDNRMLVHNRULVWH
271
Baze podataka
Slika 13.20: 5D]OLþLWLWLSRYLGLMDJUDPD]DSULND]UH]XOWDWD2/$3DQDOL]H
1D OHYRM VWUDQL MH SULPHU VWXELþDVWRJ GLMDJUDPD NRML SULND]XMH UDVSRGHOX SURGDMH L
RVWYDUHQHSURILWHSRSURL]YRGLPD2YDMWLSGLMDJUDPDMHSRJRGDQ]DDQDOL]HNRMLPDVH
EDYL PHQDGåPHQW *RUH GHVQR VX WDNR]YDQL
PHUDþL
GLMDJUDPL gauges NRML
SUHGVWDYOMDMXRGOLþQRVUHGVWYR]DVYDNRGQHYQLXYLGXWUHQXWQXVLWXDFLMXXNRPSDQLMLSR
UD]OLþLWLPNULWHULMXPLPD2QLLPDMXND]DOMNHNRMHPRJXGDVHQDÿXXFUYHQRMåXWRMLOL
]HOHQRM ]RQL 1D WDM QDþLQ NRULVQLN PRåH EU]R GD RGUHGL SULRULWHWH X UDGX QDMSUH
XUJHQWQRUHãDYDVWYDULSUREOHPHQDNRMHXND]XMXND]DOMNHXFUYHQRM]RQL5HGRYQL
]DGDFL VX RQL QD NRMH XND]XMX ND]DOMNH X åXWRM ]RQL D DNWLYQRVWL QD NRMH XND]XMX
kazaljkHX]HOHQRM]RQLPRJXLGDVHSURGXåHRGORåHXVOXþDMXSRWUHEH'ROHGHVQRMH
WDEHODDJUHJLUDQLKSRGDWDNDQDMþHãüHQDQDMYLãHPQLYRXDJUHJDFLMHLVDKLSHUOLQNRYLPD
SUHPD SRG - WDEHODPD NRMH XþHVWYXMX X DJUHJDWX 3RGDFL VX JUXSLVDQL WDNR GD
RPRJXüDYDMXNRULVQLFLPDPHQDGåPHQWXMDVQRLSUHFL]QRXSRUHÿLYDQMHNRPSDUDFLMX
SRGDWDND L] UD]OLþLWLK JUXSD 3RUHG SUHGVWDYOMHQLK SRVWRMH L GUXJL WLSRYL GLMDJUDPD
OLQLMVNL GLMDJUDPL QDMYLãH RGJRYDUDMX X VLWXDFLMDPD NDGD WUHED GD VH LVWDNQX WUHQGRYL
SURPHQH SRGDWDND SLWD GLMDJUDPL VX SRJRGQL ]D SULND] UDVSRGHOD L XþHãüD SRMHGLQLK
JUXSD SRGDWDND X XNXSQRM PDVL WDþNDVWL GLMDJUDPL RPRJXüDYDMX VDJOHGDYDQMH
JUXSLVDQMD SRGDWDND RNR QHNLK PHUD FHQWUDOQLK WHQGHQFLMD SRYUãLQVNL GLMDJUDPL VX
QDPHQMHQL]DSULND]YUHGQRVWLXGLPHQ]LMHSULND]D
13.6.2 1DSUHGQRSUHWUDåLYDQMHSRGDWDND
Pored OLAP DQDOL]H SRGDFL X VNODGLãWX VH DQDOL]LUDMX L QDSUHGQLP SUHWUDåLYDQMHP

SRGDWDND X GDOMHP WHNVWX DM - Data Mining .DR ãWR MH YHü QDSRPHQXWR X RYRP
SRJODYOMX REMHNWL DM-a VX NRQNUHWQL SRGDFL X VNODGLãWX GRELMHQL RG L]YRUD D QH
NXPXODWLYQL DJUHJDWL DM RPRJXüXMH GD VH L] PQRãWYD NRQNUHWQLK SRGDWDND L]YXNX
]DNOMXþFLNRMLQDSUYLSRJOHGQLVXXRþOMLYL1DSULPHUSRGDFLNDRãWRVXIDNWRULNRMLVX
XWLFDOL QD ORãH SRVORYDQMH RWNULYDQMH SRWHQFLMDOQLK NOLMHQDWD NRML åHOH GD SURPHQH
272
Baze podataka
GDYDRFD XVOXJD NRPSDQLMX RWNULYDQMH YDUOMLYRJ SRQDãDQMD L VO )XQNFLMH NRMH

RPRJXüDYDMXQDSUHGQRSUHWUDåLYDQMHVX
x NODVLILNDFLMD - SRGDFL VH VRUWLUDMX SUHPD QDMþHãüH XQDSUHG XWYUÿHQLP

NDWHJRULMDPDNODVDPD
x UHJUHVLMD- DSURNVLPDFLMDLSUHGYLÿDQMHNRQWLQXDOQLKQXPHULþNLKYUHGQRVWL
x NODVWHURYDQMH - SULURGQR JUXSLVDQMH SRGDWDND RNR PHUD FHQWUDOQH WHQGHQFLMH
FHQWURLGL HXNOLGVNH GLVWDQFH SUL þHPX QRYL SRGDFL XQRVH SURPHQH X
NODVWHULPD
x XGUXåLYDQMH DVRFLMDFLMD - otkrivaQMH
YH]DQLK
SURL]YRGD XVOXJD SRMDYD
RQLKNRMLVHSURGDMXSRMDYOMXMXNRLQFLGHQWQR
x RWNULYDQMH YDåQRVWL DWULEXWD - LGHQWLILNDFLMD SRGDWDND SROMD NRMD VX
QDMPHURGDYQLMD]DSUHGLNFLMXUH]XOWDWDL
x L]GYDMDQMH VYRMVWDYD - VYRMVWYD VX L]YHGHQL SRGDFL QDMþHãüH NRPELQDFLMD
DWULEXWD
3UDNWLþQD LPSOHPHQWDFLMD DM-a VH VYRGL QD SUHWUDJX MHGQH LOL YLãH NRORQD
WHNVWXDOQLKSRGDWDNDXWDEHODPDVNODGLãWD3UHGVWDYOMDQMHUH]XOWDWDDM-DMHLVWRNDRLX
VOXþDMXOLAP DQDOL]H- WDEHODUQRLJUDILþNL3RUHGWRJDNRULVWH VHVWDEODVWLGLMDJUDPLX
VOXþDMXNODVLILNDFLMDLDVRFLMDWLYQLJUDIRYLXVOXþDMXIXQNFLMDXGUXåLYDQMD
273
Baze podataka
14 1R64/%3
14.1 UVOD
1R64/ '%06 Not-only-SQL Database Management Systems VX VNDODELOQL

VLVWHPL RWYRUHQRJ NRGD NRML VNODGLãWH L RPRJXüDYDMX PDQLSXODFLMX KHWHURJHQLP
VDGUåDMLPD NRML QH PRJX GD VH QRUPDOL]XMX L NRMLVXGLVWULEXLUDQL QD:HE-X 1R64/
'%06 RPRJXüDYDMX GD VH X LVWRM %3 þXYDMX SRGDFL RG QHNROLNR EDMWRYD GR QHNOLNR
GHVHWLQD PHJDEDMWD 'DOMH 1R64/ VLVWHPL RPRJXüDYDMX GD VH SRGDFL GLVWULEXUDMX QD
:HEXGDLPDMXNRSLMHKRVWRYDQHQDUD]OLþLWLPORNDFLMDPDDGDLGDOMHEXGXGRVWXSQL
]DPDQLSXODFLMXSUHWUDJHLL]PHQHSRGDWDND1R64/'%06VXIOHNVLELOQLVLVWHPLNRML
RPRJXüDYDMXREUDGXYHRPDKHWHURJHQLKSRGDWDND81R64/'%06GDELVHSRGDFL
skladištiliQHPRUDGDSRVWRMLãHPD%3schema free systems1DNUDMX1R64/'%06
VX VLVWHPL NRML LPDMX YUOR MHGQRVWDYDQ $3, RE]LURP GD QHPD VORåHQLK UHIHUHQWQLK
PRGHODNRMLRPRJXüDYDEU]HUHSOLNDFLMH%3LUDGVDYHOLNRPNROLþLQRPSRGDWDND
14.2 027,9,1$67$1.$1264/'%06
.RGVLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMHUHODFLRQLPED]DPDSRGDWDNDXGDOMHPWHNVWX5'%06–
Relational Database Management System NRG NRMLK GROD]L WRNRP HNVSORDWDFLMH GR
QDJRPLODYDQMD SRGDWDND NRML LPDMX VODEX VWUXNWXLUDQRVW QL]DN VWHSHQ QRUPDOL]DFLMH
EHOHåL VH SDG SHUIRUPDQVL PDQLIHVWRYDQ NUR] VSRULMH YUHPH RG]LYD VLVWHPD 1DMþHãüL
VFHQDULR X NRPH VH SRMDYOMXMH RYDM VLPSWRP MH GD 5'%06 þXYD YHOLNX NROLþLQX
QHLQGHNVLUDQLKSRGDWDNDXSRWSXQRQHGLVWULEXLUDQRPVLVWHPX%3QDKRVWX3ULPHU
WDNYLK 5'%06 VX DUKLYVNL VLVWHPL NRML VDGUåH GRNXPHQWD X UD]QLP IRUPDWLPD 06
2IILFH 2SHQ2IILFH 3') LOL QHNL GUXJL ;0/ IRUPDW SD þDN L VNHQLUDQD GRNXPHQWD
NRMDVHþXYDMXXQHNRPPXOWLPHGLMDOQRPIRUPDWXLNRMDVXRSLVDQDPHWDSRGDFLPD8
WDNYLPVLVWHPLPDWDEHOHVDGUåHLSROMDXNRMLPDVHVNODGLãWHYHüSRPHQXWDGRNXPHQWD
LOLGUXJLPXOWLPHGLMDOQLVDGUåDMLNDREDMWRYVNLQL]RYLNRMLPRJXYHRPDGDYDULUDMXX
YHOLþLQLDPRJXLGDSUHGVWDYOMDMXVWUXNWXUX]DVHEH1DSULPHU%3ELEOLRWHNHNRMDþXYD
HOHNWURQVND L]GDQMD NQMLJD RG QHNROLNR GHVHWLQD VWUDQLFD DOL L NQMLJD RG SUHNR
VWUDQLFD MRã VOLNRYLWLML SULPHU MH GD EL WD LVWD %3 VDGUåL NQMLJH NRMH VDGUåH LVNOMXþLYR
WHNVWXDOQL VDGUåDM DOL L NQMLJH NRMH VDGUåH YHOLNL EURM LOXVWUDFLMD L GUXJLK
PXOWLPHGLMDOQLKVDGUåDMD
9HüLQD VDYUHPHQLK5'%06QHPDDGHNYDWQXSRGUãNX]DRYDNYHVOXþDMHYH8]URN
SUREOHPDMH]DYLVQRVWRGGRVWXSQLKUHVXUVDQDKRVWXXRJUDQLþHQMLPDVSROMQMHLUDGQH
PHPRULMH NDR L X SURFHVQRM VQD]L KRVWD )L]LþNL SRGDFL VH þXYDMX X IDMORYLPD QD
VSROMQMRMPHPRULMLNRMDSUHGVWDYOMDMHGQRGLPHQ]LRQLDGUHVQLSURVWRUVDVHNYHQFLMDOQLP
SULVWXSRPQSUSULVWXSPDJQHWQHJODYHQDPHVWRXVHNWRUXQDNRPH]DSRþLQMHSUYLEDMW
SRGDWNDRGLQWHUHVD5H]XOWDWWRJDMHGDQHGLVWULEXLUDQD%3IL]LþNLSUHGVWDYOMDMHGQXLOL
QHNROLNRGDWRWHNDQDWDNYRPPHGLMXPXYUHPHSUHWUDJHVDGUåDMDIDMODseeking WLPHVH
274
Baze podataka
XYHüDYDSURSRUFLRQDOQRXYHüDQMHPSRGDWDNDNRMLIDMO%3VDGUåL3RUHGWRJDGDELVH
SRGDFL REUDGLOL SRWUHEQRMH GD VH NRQYHUWXMX QDMSUHX PRGHO SRGDWDND NRML SRGUåDYD
5'%06QDSULPHUXWDEHODPDSRGDFLLPDMX'UHIHUHQFLUDQMHSROMHL]DSLVDPRJX
ELWL SURL]YROMQR L YLãHVWUXNR UHIHUHQFLUDQL L] GUXJLK WDEHOD X %3 7R ]QDþL GD
MHGQRGLPHQ]LRQL PRGHO QD IL]LþRP PHGLMXPX PRUD GD VH NRQYHUWXMH PDSLUD X
YLãHGLPHQ]LRQDOQXVORåHQXVWUXNWXUXãHPH%3XUDGQRMPHPRULMLGRGHOMHQRM5'%06-X
6OLND14.
5DGQD
PHPRULMD
6SROMQMD
PHPRULMD
Slika 14.1: .RQYHU]LMDL]IL]LþNRJPRGHODXPRGHOSRGDWDNDUHODFLRQH%3
'DNOHMHGDQGHRSUREOHPDMHXYH]LUD]OLþLWRJQDþLQDQDNRML26RUJDQL]XMHSRGDWNH
QDVSROMQMLPQRVLRFLPDXRGQRVXQDQDþLQQDNRMLWRþLQL5'%06'L]DMQHULDSOLNDFLMD
L]ORåHQL VX MRã MHGQRP SUREOHPX – DNR PRGHO SRGDWDND X 5'%06 QLMH LGHQWLþDQ
PRGHOX SRGDWDND NRML VH NRULVWL X DSOLNDFLMDPD X WRP VOXþDMX SRVWRML SRWUHED ]D MRã
MHGQRPNRQYHU]LMRPIRUPDWDSRGDWDNDXVDPRMDSOLNDFLML2YDMSUREOHPMHSR]QDWSRG
QD]LYRP impendance msimatch 6OHGHüL SULPHU 6OLND 14. SULND]XMH MHGDQ WDNDY
VOXþDM GD EL DSOLNDFLMD JHQHULVDOD UDþXQ PRGHO SRGDWND NRML NRULVWL DSOLNDFLMD
SRWUHEQRMHGDVHSULNXSHLDJUHJLUDMXSRGDFLL]UD]OLþLWLKWDEHODQDSULPHUXWRVXWDEHOH
kartice, korisnici, stavke racuna, racuni 'UXJLP UHþLPD ãHPD %3 QH SRGUåDYD
SRVORYQLPRGHOSRGDWDND XDSOLNDFLML
275
Baze podataka
Slika 14.2: *HQHULVDQMHUDþXQD- NRQYHU]LMDL]PRGHODSRGDWDND5'%06%3

XVWUXNWXUXSRGDWDNDXDSOLNDFLML
2SHUDWLYQDUDGQDPHPRULMDXSUNRVQHXSRUHGLYRYHüRMEU]LQLSULVWXSDXQRVLGUXJL

YLG RJUDQLþHQMD PHPRULMVNL SURVWRU SRVWDMH NULWLþDQUHVXUV SULREUDGL SRGDWND NRML VX
PHPRULMVNL]DKWHYQL1DSULPHUSDGSHUIRUPDVLGROD]LGRL]UDåDMDX64/XSLWLPDVD
kriWHULMXPRP6(/(&7QDUHGEHVD:+(5(NODX]XORP%H]RE]LUDNROLNRMHWLSSROMD
XNOMXþHQRJ X NULWHULMXP XSLWD MHGQRVWDYDQ GD EL VH L]YUãLOD SRWSXQD SUHWUDJD QHNH
WDEHOH X %3 SRWUHEQR MH LVSLWDWL YUHGQRVWL SR NULWHULMXPX X VYLP QMHQLP ]DSLVLPD
6LWXDFLMDVH XVORåQMDYDNDGDVHUDGLR
YHOLNLP
]DSLVLPD3ULPHUWDNYLK]DSLVDVXRQL
NRMLVDGUåHGRNXPHQWDVOLNHDXGLRLOLYLGHRVDGUåDMH
3URL]YRÿDþL5'%06SUHSRUXþXMXLQGHNVLUDQMHSROMDXWDEHODPDNDNRELVHXEU]DR
SULVWXSDOLWRQLMHSRGUD]XPHYDQRUHãHQMHQD QLYRXVLVWHPDYHüUHãHQMHNRMHWUHEDGD
SULPHQLDGPLQLVWUDWRU5'%06SRXND]DQRMSRWUHELLQDVYRMXRGJRYRUQRVW
,QGHNVLUDQMHMHGREUR]DVLVWHPHXNRMLPDQHPDþHVWLKSURPHQDSRGDWNDMHUXEU]DYD
SUHWUDJH .RG VLVWHPD NRG NRMLK SRVWRMH þHVWH SURPHQH DåXULUDQMD SRGDWDND RYDM
SULVWXS VH QLMH SRND\DR WDNR HILNDVQLP ,]PHQD SRGDWDND LOL EULVDQMH ]DSLVD X WDEHOL
QDMþHãüHMHVDNULWHULMXPRPãWR]QDþLGDXPHVWRLQGHNVQRJVLVWHPNRULVWLVHNYHQFLDOQL
SULVWXS ]DSLVLPD ,QGHNVL WDNRÿH JXEH VYUVLVKRGQRVW DNR VH GHILQLãX ]D SROMD NRMD
VDGUåHVDPRQHNROLNRNRQNUHWQLKYUHGQRVWLãWRSURX]URNXMHSRUHGYHOLNRJEURMD]DSLVD
X WDEHOL NRMD VH LQGHNVLUD L YHOLNL EURM ]DSLVD X LQGHNVQRM WDEHOL 1D SULPHU X WDEHOL
JUDÿDQDSROMHpolNRMHLPDYUHGQRVWLLOLSROMHEUDþQLVWatusNRMHWDNRÿHLPDVDPR
QHNROLNR YUHGQRVWL X VOXþDMX GD VH LQGHNVLUDMX L]D]YDüH SUDYX HNVSOR]LMX ]DSLVD X
LQGHNVQRM WDEHOL D SUREOHP VHNYHQFLMDOQRJ SULVWXSD VH SRUHG WDEHOH RG LQWHUHVD
SURãLUXMHLQDLQGHNVQXWDEHOX
276
Baze podataka
1DNUDMXHILNDVQRSURFHVLUDQMH YHOLNHNROLþLQHSRGDWDNDSUHGVWDYOMDLVWRWDNRYHOLNL
L]D]RY X 5'%06 RE]LURP GD MH REUDGD VDGUåDMD WDEHOD WDNRÿH VHNYHQFLMDOQD
6LPXOWDQRLVWRYUHPHQRSURFHVLUDQMHSRGDWDNDGHOMHQMHPL]PHÿXYLãHSURFHVRUDMHLOL
QHPRJXüHLOLSUHYLãHNRPSOLNRYDQR
NavedHQDRJUDQLþHQMD5'%06VXUH]XOWRYDODGD5'%06GL]DMQHULSRWUDåHUHãHQMH
X GLVWULEXLUDQRVWL SRGDWDND 1DåDORVW NRG NRPHUFLMDOQLK 5'%06 VLVWHPD OLFHQFD VH
QDMþHãüHQDSODüXMHSRUDþXQDUX– KRVWXQDNRMLMH5'%06LQVWDOLUDQ7RVHSRND]DOR
NDRYHOLNDLQYHVWLFLMDþDNL]DYHOLNHNRPSDQLMHNDRãWRVX*RRJOHL$PD]RQNRMLVXRG
SRþHWND RYRJ PLOHQLMXPD VYRM EL]QLV ]DVQLYDOL QD YHOLNRM NROLþLQL GLVWLULEXLUDQLK
SRGDWDND D WLPH XPHVWR main-frame SULVWXSD ELOL SULPRUDQL GD NRULVWH NODVWHUH
UDþXQDUD6YHYHüDSRWUHED]DREUDGRPLDQDOL]RPYHOLNHNROLþLQHSRGDWDND%LJ'DWD
$QDO\WLFVNDRLYHOLNDKHWHURJHQRVWSRGDWDNDGLVWULEXLUDQLKQD:HE-XELOLVXPRWLY
GD VH X SUYRM GHFHQLML RYRJ YHND ]DSRþQH VD UD]YRMHP W]Y 1R64/ Not only SQL
VLVWHPD]DXSUDYOMDQMH%3*RRJOH%LJ7DEOHL$PD]RQ'\QDPRVXSUYHSRþHOHGD
SULPHQMXMX SRWSXQR QRYL SULVWXS VNODGLãWHQMD SRGDWDND UD]YLMDMXüL VRSVWYHQD UHãHQMD
NRMDVHGDQDVQD]LYDMX1R64/-RP
14.3 261291,35,1&,3,1264/%3
1R64/ %3 ]DVQLYDMX VH QD simultanoj LVWRYUHPHQRM REUDGL YHOLNH NROLþLQH
SRGDWDND NRML VX GLVWULEXLUDQL QD PUHåL 3RGDFL LDNR VX IL]LþNL GLVWULEXLUDQL QD YLãH
UDþXQDUD- KRVWRYDRQLVHNRPELQXMXXVWUXNWXUHNRMHSUHGVWDYOMDMXORJLþNHFHOLQHµ]D
VHEH¶ NRMH VH X 1R64/ VLVWHPLPD QD]LYDMX agregatima L NRMH VH IRUPLUDMX SUHPD
SRWUHEDPD NRULVQLþNLK DSOLNDFLMD 'DNOH KRVWRYL NRML þXYDMX HOHPHQWDUQH VLURYH
SRGDWNHLNRMLXþHVWYXMXXGDYDQMXSRGDWDNDREUD]XMXORJLþNXJUXSXQD]YDQXklaster.
0HÿXWLP RYDNYD NRQFHSFLMD QLMH LVNOMXþLOD SUREOHP YHOLNRJ SURWRND SRGDWDND

L]PHÿX KRVWRYDXNODVWHUX2E]LURPGDKRVWRYLPRJXELWLELORJGHQDJOREDOQRMPUHåL
RþLJOHGQD MH ELOD SRWUHED GD 1R64/ VLVWHPL PRUDMX GD VH RSWLPL]XMXMX XYRÿHQMHP
SUHGREUDGHNRMDELVHL]YUãDYDODVLPXOWDQRQDVYDNRPSRMHGLQDþQRPKRVWXNRMLVDGUåL
SRGDWNH RG LQWHUHVD L NRMD EL UH]XOWRYDOD VPDQMLYDQMHP NROLþLQH SRGDWDND X UD]PHQL
L]PHÿXKRVWRYD2YDMSUREOHPMHUHãHQ*RRJOH-RYLP0DS5HGXFHNRQFHSWRP8RYRP
SRJODYOMXEDYLüHPRVHGDNOHVDþHWULRVQRYQDNRQFHSWD1R64/'%06– DJUHJDFLRQLP
PRGHORP SRGDWDND RUJDQL]DFLMRP SRGDWDND QD KRVWRYLPD PRGHOLPD GLVWULEXLUDQMD
SRGDWDNDL0DS5HGXFHNRQFHSWRP
14.3.1 $JUHJDFLRQLPRGHOSRGDWDND
.DR ãWR MH LOXVWURYDQR X SUHWKRGQRM VHNFLML 6OLND 14. UHODFLRQL PRGHO SRGDWND
NRML VH ]DVQLYD QD WDEHODPD NRMH LPDMX SRGDWNH RUJDQL]RYDQH SR ]DSLVLPD data
recordsQLMHSULNODGDQ]DPRGHORYDQMHSRGDWDNDX1R64/'%062VQRYQLSUREOHP
277
Baze podataka
MH ãWR ]DSLV SUHGVWDYOMD VWULNWQR RGUHÿHQ PRGHO X NRPH VX SRGDFL X SRWSXQRVWL
VSHFLILFLUDQL QSU WLS YUHGQRVWL YHOLþLQD L RJUDQLþHQMD QRUPDOL]RYDQL EDUHP X
QRUPDOQRM IRUPL W]Y µUDYQL¶ SRGDFL L QDOD]H VH X VWULNWQRP UHGRVOHGX 7R ]QDþL GD
GL]DMQHULWDEHODX5'%06PRUDMXXQDSUHGGD]QDMXSUHFL]QXVWUXNWXUXSRGDWDNDNRMH
WUHEDMXDSOLNDFLMDPD7DNRÿHX5'%06VWUXNWXLUDQRVWVORåHQLMLKSRGDWDNDMHSRGUåDQD
QRUPDOL]DFLMRP X YLãH QRUPDOQH IRUPH L XVSRVWDYOMDQMHP UHODFLMD L]PHÿX ]DSLVD X
UD]OLþLWLPWDEHODPD
5'%06 SULVWXS LPD ]QDþDMQH SUHGQRVWL MHU HOLPLQLãH LOL EDUHP XPDQMXMH
UHGXQGDQVX SRQDYOMDQMH SRGDWND X MHGQRM LOL YLãH WDEHOD D QRUPDOL]FLMD L UHODFLRQL
PRGHO RPRJXüDYD MHGQRVWDYQR RGUåDYDQMH NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL SRGDWDND L HOLPLQLQDFLMX
QHSRWUHEQLKQHSRåHOMQLK]DYLVQRVWLL]PHÿXSRGDWDND1DåDORVWX1R64/VLVWHPLPD
WRQLMHGRYROMQRSRãWRVHUDGLRSRGDFLPDNRMLVXGLVWULEXLUDQLQD:HE-XGDNOHQDYLãH
KRVWRYD JUXSLVDQLK X ORJLþNH FHOLQH - NODVWHUH 8PHVWR UHODFLRQRJ PRGHOD X 1R64/
VLVWHPLPD NRULVWLVH PQRJR IOHNVLELOQLML – DJUHJDFLRQL PRGHO SRGDWDND $JUHJDFLMDMH
NRQFHSWNRMLMHSUHX]HWL]REMHNWQRRUMHQWLVDQRJPRGHORYDQMD– WRMHWLSYH]HL]PHÿX
SRGDWDND REMHNDWD NRML RVOLNDYD QMLKRYX VODEX X]DMDPQX VSUHJX NRMD RPRJXüDYD
YHOLNX IOHNVLELOQRVW L NRPELQRYDQMH 6OHGHüD LOXVWUDFLMD 6OLND 14. SUHGVWDYOMD
DJUHJDFLRQL PRGHO ]D SULPHU NRULãüHQ X VHNFLML 6OLND 6PLVDR PRGHOD MH
VOHGHüL NRQFHSWL korisnik i UDþXQ VX X DVRFLMDWLYQRM YH]L X RGQRVX MHGDQ QD VWUDQL
NRULVQLNDSUHPDYLãHQDVWUDQLUDþXQDWR]QDþLGDNRULVQLNPRåHGDLPDYLãHNXSRYLQD
UDþXQDDOLUDþXQVHL]GDMHVDPRMHGQRPNRULVQLNX.RQFHSWUDþXQ LPDDJUHJDFLRQH
YH]HSUHPDNRQFHSWLPDVWDYNDUDþXQDi SODüDQMH8VOXþDMXVWDYNLUDþXQDWR]QDþLGDMH
NRULVQLN NXSRYDR UD]OLþLWH YUVWH XVOXJD LLOL URED .DNR VX RYL SUHGPHWL NXSRYLQH
SUHGVWDYOMHQLSRGDFLPDQDUD]OLþLWLPKRVWRYLPDPRJXGDVHUD]OLNXMXSRVWUXNWXULDOL
SULURGD DJUHJDFLRQH YH]H GR]YROMDYD QMLKRYR REMHGLQMDYDQMH ,VWRP ORJLNRP PRåH GD
VH REMDVQL DJUHJDFLRQD YH]D L]PHÿX UDþXQD L SODüDQMD -HGDQ UDþXQ PRåH GD VH SODWL
UD]OLþLWLP QDþLQLPD SODüDQMD 1D SULPHUMHGQLP GHORP DYDQVQR D GUXJLP SR SULMHPX
UREHXVOXJH'DOMHPRåHGDVHSODWLGHORPXJRWRYLQLDGHORPSODWQRPNDUWLFRPDPD
LLOL þHNRPYLPD X MHGQRM LOL YLãH UDWD LWG 'D EL RYDNR QHãWR ELOR PRJXüH PRGHO
SRGDWDND MH UHODNVLUDQ DJUHJDFLRQRP YH]RP NRMD REH]EHÿXMH VODEX VSUHJX L]PHÿX
NRQFHSDWDUDþXQLSODüDQMH7R]QDþLGDXNRQNUHWQRPVOXþDMXPRåHGDEXGHXNOMXþHQ
SURL]YROMDQEURMQDþLQDSODüDQMD]DFHRLOLGHORYHL]QRVDVDURNRYLPDRGPDKLOLQD
RGORåHQLYUHPHQVNLSHULRG
278
Baze podataka
Slika 14.3: 3ULPHUDJUHJDFLRQRJPRGHODSRGDWDND
3UHWKRGQL SULPHU RVOLNDYD YHOLNX IOHNVLELOQRVW 1R64/ '%06 NRML PRåH GD
RGJRYRUL XVSHãQR YUOR UD]OLþLWLP SRVORYQLP ]DKWHYLPD 2VQRYQD SUHGQRst
DJUHJDFLRQRJ X RGQRVX QD UHODFLRQL PRGHO SRGDWDND MH GD RPRJXüDYD SURL]YROMQX
VWUXNWXLUDQRVWSRGDWDNDRGLQWHUHVD'DNOHKRVWRYLþXYDMXVLURYHSRGDWNHXQHNRPRG
IRUPDWDGRN1R64/'%06NDR]DMHGQLþNDLQIUDVWUXNWXUD]DPDQLSXODFLMXSRGDFLPD
REH]EHÿXMH QMLKRYR XGUXåLYDQMH SUHPD NRQNUHWQLP SRVORYQLP ]DKWHYLPD NRULVWHüL
DJUHJDFLRQHPRGHOHSRGDWDND
14.4 1264/'%0625*$1,=$&,-$32'$7$.$
1R64/ '%06 RUJDQL]DFLMD SRGDWDND VH RGQRVL QD QDþLQ QD NRML 1R64/ KRVWRYL
VNODGLãWHSRGDWNHNDNRELELOLODNRSUHWUDåLYLLEU]R GRVWXSQLNRULVQLþNLPDSOLNDFLMDPD
=DUD]OLNXRG5'%06-RYDNRGNRMLKVHRUJDQL]DFLMDUHãDYDãHPRP%3NRG1R64/
VLVWHPDWRQLMHVOXþDM1DMþHãüLQDþLQLVNODGLãWHQMDX1R64/'%06VXVNODGLãWDNOMXþ
– YUHGQRVWSDURYDVNODGLãWDGRNXPHQWDLVNODGLãWDSRIDPLOLMDPDNRORQDPD
14.4.1 6NODGLãWDNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWSDURYD
2YDMWLSVNODGLãWDSUHGVWDYDOMDKHãWDEHOXhash tableXNRMRMNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWSDU

SUHGVWDYOMDMHGDQ ]DSLVSUL þHPXMH NOMXþMHGLQVWYHQ NDR L NRQFHSWSULPDUQRJ NOMXþD
GHILQLVDQRJQDGMHGQLPSROMHPX5'%06DYUHGQRVWPRåHGDEXGHSRGDWDNELORNRJ
tipa – SURVWNDREURMþDQDYUHGQRVWLOLQL]NDUDNWHUDDOLLNRPSOHNVDQNDRQHNLREMHNDW
– GDNOH VORåHQD VWUXNWXUD SRGDWDND 1D VOHGHüRM LOXVWUDFLML MH SULPHU UDþXQD NRML MH
279
Baze podataka
VPHãWHQ QD VNODGLãWX NDR NOMXþ – vUHGQRVW SDU 6OLND 14. âLIUD UDþXQD SUHGVWDYOMD
NOMXþ]DGLUHNWDQSULVWXSREMHNWXNODVHRacun2YDMREMHNDWMHYUHGQRVWNRMDVHþXYD
2QMHNRPSOHNVDQMHUVDGUåLXJQMHåGHQREMHNDWNODVH.RULVQLNLGYHDJUHJDFLMHMHGQX
]DVWDYNHUDþXQDDGUXJX]DQDþLQ SODüDQMD
Slika 14.4: 3ULPHUVNODGLãWHQMDUDþXQDNDRNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWSDU
6OHGHüL NRG SUHGVWDYOMD UHSUH]HQWDFLMX RYRJ PRGHOD X NOMXþ – YUHGQRVW VNODGLãWX

6OLND 14. 6YL NOMXþHYL VX XRNYLUHQL FUYHQLP D QMLPD RGJRYDUDMXüH YUHGQRVWL
REMHNWLSODYLP SUDYRXJDRQLNRP 2þLJOHGQRMH GD VH VYL SRGDFL NRMLVX DJUHJLUDQLX
REMHNDW UDþXQ þXYDMX QD NOMXþ – YUHGQRVW VNODGLãWLPD .DR ãWR VH RGUHÿHQRP UDþXQX
SULVWXSDSRVUHGVWYRP NOMXþDãLIUHUDþXQDWDNRVHSULVWXSDLSRGDFLPDNRULVQLNDNRPH
MHL]GDWUDþXQVWDYNDPDUDþXQDLQDþLQLPDSODüDQMD8NRQNUHWQRPSULPHUXVHYLGLGD
MH NRULVQLN UDþXQ SODWLR GHORP JRWRYLQVNL D GHORP NUHGLWQRP NDUWLFRP 9DåQD MH
QDSRPHQDGDSRGDFLNRMLVXSUHGVWDYOMHQLXREMHNWXUDþXQ SUHGVWDYOMDMXUH]XOWDWXSLWD
NRMHMH1R64/L]YUãLRQDGYLãHVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDLSUHGVWDYOMDMXVDPRGHRSRGDWDND
NRMLVHþXYDMXXGLVWULEXLUDQRPVLVWHPX1DSULPHUPRåHVHXRþLWLGDQHSRVWRMLGDWXP
L]GDYDQMD UDþXQD QH SRVWRML EURM NUHGLWQH NDUWLFH QHPD QLNDNYLK LQIRUPDFLMD R
SURL]YRGLPDLOLXVOXJDPDNRMHMHNRULVQLNNXSLRLVOLþQR
280
Baze podataka
Slika 14.5: ,]JOHGUDþXQDQDNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWVNODGLãWX]DSLVDQX-621IRUPDWX
1DSUHWKRGQRMLOXVWUDFLMLVHXRþDYDGDVXSRGDFLNRMLVHVNODGLãWH]DSLVDQLNDRWHNVW
X -621 IRUPDWX -621 -DYD6FULSW 2EMHFW 1RWDWLRQ MH IRUPDW ]D WHNVWXDOQL ]DSLV
SRGDWDNDLSUHGVWDYOMDRWYRUHQVWDQGDUG5)&(&0$-GL]DMQLUDQNDNRELVH
RPRJXüLODHILNDVQDUD]PHQDSUHVYHJDKLMHUDUKLMVNLVWUXNWXLUDQLK SRGDWDND2E]LURPGD
MHRYDMVWDQGDUG]DVQRYDQQDLVWRPNRQFHSWXNDRLNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWVNODGLãWDYHRPDMH
]DVWXSOMHQNDRGHRLQIUDVWUXNWXUHX1R64/VLVWHPLPD
14.4.2 Skladišta dokumenta
6NODGLãWD GRNXPHQWD VX PRåGD QDMIOHNVLELOQLML 1R64/ '%06 RE]LURP GD

RPRJXüDYDMX GD VH X LVWX ED]X SRGDWDND VNODGLãWH SRGDFL NRML VH X]DMDPQR UD]OLNXMX
NDNRX YHOLþLQLWDNRLXVWUXNWXLUDQRVWL'UXJLPUHþLPDVNODGLãWDGRNXPHQWDQHPDMX
281
Baze podataka
QLNDNYR]QDQMHRVDGUåDMXNRMLVHVNODGLãWLQLWLNRULVWHELORNDYXãHPX]DVNODGLãWHQMH
Ovi 1R64/ '%06 VX GRELOL QD]LY ]DWR ãWR VX SRJRGQL ]D VNODGLãWHQMH GRNXPHQDWD
NRML XSUDYR YDULUDMX SR SUHWKRGQR QDYHGHQLP NDUDNWHULVWLNDPD 6OHGHüL SULPHU WR
LOXVWUXMH6OLND14.3ULND]DQDVXMHGQRVWDYQDGRNXPHQWDX-621]DSLVXXRNYLUHQL
]HOHQRPLåXWRP1DL]JOHGVOLþQLGRNXPHQWLVHUD]OLNXMXXYUVWLLEURMXDWULEXWD3UYL
LPDDWULEXWDDGUXJLSULþHPXVXVYHJDDWULEXWD]DMHGQLþND– ime i broj_pasosa.
'UXJLGRNXPHQWMHSULWRPHLNRPSOHNVQLMLRE]LURPGDLPDYHüXVWUXNWXLUDQRVW
Slika 14.6: ZaSLVLXVNODGLãWXGRNXPHQDWD
8SUNRVVYLPQDYHGHQLPUD]OLNDPDL]PHÿXGYDGRNXPHQWDQDJRUQMRMLOXVWUDFLML]D
QMLKMH]DMHGQLþNRGDVDGUåHOLþQHSRGDWNHRVREDNRMLVHPRJXSULNXSLWL2þLJOHGQRGD
VH SRGDFL UD]OLNXMX X VWUXNWXLUDQRVWL 0HÿXWLP IOHNVLELOQRVW VNODGLãWD GRNXPHQDWD
RPRJXüDYD GD VH RYDNYL GRNXPHQWL þXYDMX X LVWRM ED]L SRGDWDND RPRJXüDYDMXüL
QDSUHGQH SUHWUDJH 2QR ãWR MH YUOR XRþOMLYR QD GDWRP SULPHUX MH GD QH SRVWRMH
MHGLQVWYHQL LGHQWLILNDWRUL X ]DSLVX 'UXJLP UHþLPD GRNXPHQW PRUD RVWDWL RULJLQDOQDQ
1R64/ VNODGLãWD GRNXPHQDWD RYDM SUREOHP SUHYD]LOD]H LQWHUQLR GRGHOMHQLP
LGHQWLILNDWRULPDNRMLRPRJXüDYDMXNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWXDåXULUDQMX]DSLVD
14.4.3 Skladišta familija kolona
6NODGLãWDIDPLOLMDNRORQDVXGRELODLPHSRNRQFHSWX]YDQRPfamilija kolona. Ovaj

NRQFHSWMHVOLþDQNRQFHSWXVNXSD]DSLVDLOLWDEHOHNRG5'%06VLVWHPDVWRPUD]OLNRP
GD VYL ]DSLVL X LVWRM WDEHOL LPDMX SRWSXQR LVWL EURM LVWH WLSRYH LVWH QD]LYH L GUXJH
NDUDNWHULVWLNHSROMDGRNNRGIDPLOLMHNRORQDWRQLMHVOXþDMUHGRYLXIDPLOLMLNROQDQH
PRUDMXGDLPDMXLVWHYUVWHNRORQDDWLPHQLWLSRGDWNHNRMHRQHVDGUåH6OLND.RORQD
MHSUHGVWDYOMHQDSDURPQD]LY– YUHGQRVW5HGRYLXIDPLOLMDPDNRORQDVXMHGQR]QDþQR
RGUHÿHQL NOMXþHP – NRQFHSWRP VOLþQLP NRQFHSWX SULPDUQRJ NOMXþD GHILQLVDQRJ QDG
282
Baze podataka
MHGQLP SROMHP X WDEHODPD UHODFLRQLK ED]D SRGDWDND .OMXþ UHGD X IDPLOLMDPD NRORQD
XYHNLPDVPLVDR– WUDQVSDUHQWDQNDRLPHLSUH]LPHPDWLþQLEURMLVOLþQRLOLVNULYHQ
KHã YUHGQRVW WUDQVSDUHQWQRJ VPLVOHQRJ SRGDWDND 3RUHG WRJD X QHNLP VLVWHPLPD
XYRGL VH NRQFHSW üHOLMD NRMLPD VH JUXSLãX NRORQH NRMH LPDMX LVWL QD]LY ûHOLMH
RPRJXüDYDMXGDVHUHGRYLJUXSLãXãWREROMHSUHPDVOLþQRVLWLQMLKRYLKNRORQDDWLPHL
GD VH IRUPLUDMX ãWR NYDOLWHWQLMH IDPLOLMH NRORQD ûHOLMH RPRJXüDYDM GD VH NRORQH
PDSLUDMX D QMLKRYLP LPHQRYDQMHP GRELMD VH QRYD GLPHQ]LMD VNODGLãWHQMD NRMD VH
QD]LYDVXSHUNRORQRPRGQRVQRGRELMDVHQRYLQLYRJUXSLVDQMD– IDPLOLMDVXSHUNRORQD
2YD1R64/VNODGLãWDJUXSLãXNOMXþHYHUHGRYDLVXSHUNRORQDXWDNR]YDQHSURVWRUH
NOMXþHYDNH\VSDFHVNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXSULVWXSQHWDþNH]DSULVWXSVURGQLPIDPLOLMDPD
NRORQD þLQHüL LK MHGLQVWYHQLP ORJLþNLP FHOLQDPD SRGDWDND – NRQFHSWRP VOLþQLP
ED]DPDSRGDWDNDNRG5'%06
6YUKDIRUPLUDQMDIDPLOLMHNRORQDMHGDVHL]YUãLJUXSLVDQMHSRGDWDNDNRMLPDVHþHVWR
SULVWXSD ]DMHGQR .RG WDEHOD X UHODFLRQLP ED]DPD SRGDWDND QHPD QLNDNYLK YH]D
L]PHÿXVXVHGQLK]DSLVD1DSULPHUXWDEHOLJUDÿDQD]DSLVLNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXþODQRYH
LVWHSRURGLFHLOL]DSRVOHQHXLVWRMILUPLVXXSRWSXQRVWLL]RORYDQLGRNVXVHGQL]DSLVLX
JRWRYR VYLP VOXþDMHYLPD QHPDMX QLãWD ]DMHGQLþNR 'D EL VH RPRJXüLOR ELOR NDNYR
JUXSLVDQMH5'%06SUHWUDåXMHSRGDWNHNUR]LWHUDWLYQLSURFHVNRMLMHYUORQHHILNDVDQ]D
RJURPDQ EURM ]DSLVD )DPLOLMD NRORQD SUHGVWDYOMD 1R64/ VNODGLãWH NRMLP VH UHãDYD
XSUDYR RYDM SUREOHP 7R ]QDþL GD X NRQFHSWXDOQRP PRGHOX SUHGVWDYOMHQRP QD VOLFL
NOMXþHYLLMHVXMHGQR]QDþQLDOLVXUHGRYLNRMHLGHQWLILNXMXX]DMDPQRSRYH]DQLL
SUHGVWDYOMDMXORJLþNXJUXSXSRGDWDND1DSULPHUIDPLOLMXNRORQD1R64/'%06PRåH
GDIRUPLUDRGQDXþQLNDNRMLVXREMDYLOLYLãH]DMHGQLþNLKQDXþQLKUDGRYDPX]LþDUDNRML
VX LPDOL ]DMHGQLþNH QDVWXSH QD YHOLNRP EURMX NRQFHUDWD RVRED NRMH LPDMX VOLþQD
LQWHUHVRYDQMDLOL]DMHGQLþNHSULMDWHOMHLVO
Slika 14.7: )DPLOLMDNRORQD– NRQFHSWXDOQLPRGHO
283
Baze podataka
8 SUHWUDJDPD ]DKYDOMXMXüL NOMXþHYPD UHGRYD L QD]LYLPD NRORQD YUOR EU]R VH

GRELMDMXUH]XOWDWLLNRGYHOLNRJEURMDUHGRYD6GUXJHVWUDQHRYDMNRQFHSWRPRJXüDYD
GD VH ODNR QDOD]L VOLþQRVWL L]PHÿX SRGDWDND UHGRYD NRML VH QDOD]H X UD]OLþLWLP
IDPLOLMDPD
SlHGHüL -621 IRUPDWLUDQ NRG 6OLND 14. SUHGVWDYOMD SUDNWLþDQ SULPHU VNODGLãWD
IDPLOLMHNRORQDNRMDVH]RYHKorisnickiProfil.
Slika 14.8: 3ULPHUIDPLOLMHNRORQD
.RULVQLþNR LPH SUHGVWDYOMD NOMXþ UHGD X IDPLOLML 8 VDPRP UHGX VH QDOD]H NRORQH
predstavljeQH QD]LYRP NRORQH L QMHQRP YUHGQRãüX 1D SULPHU NOMXþ SUYRJ UHGD QD
JRUQMHP SULPHUX MH Kasandra QMHQ UHG LPD NRORQH 3UYD LPD QD]LY emailAdresa i
YUHGQRVW kasandra@nomail.org D GUXJD NRORQD LPD QD]LY starost L YUHGQRVW . Na
SULPHUXVHYLGLGDNRORQDNRMDMH]DMHGQLþND]DVYHUHGRYHMHemailAdresa3RVOHGQML
UHGXIDPLOLMLLPDþHWULNRORQHGDNOHVDGUåLQDMSRWSXQLMLNRULVQLþNLSURILO
14.4.4 *UDIRYVNDVNODGLãWDSRGDWDND
3RUHG QDYHGHQLK QDþLQD RUJDQL]RYDQMD SRGDWDND QD 1R64/ VNODGLãWLPD SRVWRMH L

GUXJLRGNRMLKMHQDMþHãüHSRPLQMDQPRGHOJUDID*UDISUHGVWDYOMDVWUXNWXUXSRGDWDND
NRMDVHVDVWRMLRGþYRURYDLOXNRYD81R64/JUDIRYVNLPVNODGLãWLPDXþYRURYLPDVH
QDOD]H SRGDFL QDMþHãüH VORåHQRJ WLSD REMHNWL D OXNRYLPD VX SUHGVWDYOMHQH QMLKRYH
X]DMDPQHUHODFLje.
6OHGHüD VOLND SULND]XMH MHGQRVWDYQR JUDIRYVNR VNODGLãWH SRGDWDND 6OLND 14.

6NODGLãWH VDGUåL VDPR þYRUD L ãHVW OXNRYD – L]PHÿX VYDNRJ þYRUD SR GYD NRML VX
284
Baze podataka
REUQXWR XVPHUHQL 2G SRGDWDND X þYRURYLPD SUHGVWDYOMHQR MH VDPR LPH RVREH NDR
LGHQWLILNDWRURE]LURPGDVXRVWDOLSRGDFLXþYRURYLPDLUHOHYDQWQL]DREMDãQMHQMH2QR
ãWR JUDIRYVNR VNODGLãWH SRVHGXMH D VYD RVWDOD SUHWKRGQR RSLVDQD VNODGLãWD QHPDMX VX
opisi rHODFLMDL]PHÿXSRGDWDNDþYRURYD1DSULND]XMH]DGUåDQPLQLPDOLVWLþNLSULVWXS
WDNR GD MH VYDND UHODFLMD RSLVDPD VDPR VD SDUDPHWUD LPD VYRM MHGLQVWYHQL
LGHQWLILNDWRUQDVNODGLãWLLQD]LYUHODFLMH1D]LYUHODFLMHMHpredikat XWURMFLJGHþYRUL]
NRJDUHODFLMDSRþLQMHSUHGVWDYOMDsubjekat, DþYRUQDNRMLUHODFLMDSRND]XMHMHREMHNDW
1DSULPHUXUHODFLMLþLMLLGMHJovan MHVXEMHNDWDFK Rad SUHGLNDWJovan trenira
u FK Rad5HODFLMDXVXSURWQRPVPHUXLGLPDGUXNþLMXVWUXNWXUXVXEMHNDWje
FK RadSUHGLNDWMH ima_clanaD Jovan MHXRYRMUHODFLMLREMHNDW.DRSRVOHGLFDRYD
UHODFLMDQRVLLGUXNþLMXVHPDQWLNXVPLVDR).5DGLPDþODQD koji se zove Jovan
Slika 14.9: *UDIRYVND%3
0HÿXWLP GYH UHODFLMH L]PHÿX REMHNWD PRJX GD LPDMX LVWX VHPDQWLNX LDNR VX
UD]OLþLWR XVPHUHQH 1D JRUQMHP SULPHUX WR VX UHODFLMH LG L LG 2QH
RGUDåDYDMXSR]QDQVWYRL]PHÿX1LNROHL-RYDQDLDNRXSUYRM-RYDQSUHGVWDYOMDVXEMHNDW
D1LNRODREMHNWXUHODFLMLGRNMHXGUXJRMREUQXWR
=DKYDOMXMXüL UHODFLMDPDJUDIRYVNDVNODGLãWDLPDMXWXVSRVREQRVWGDRVOLNDYDMXãLUL
NRQWHNVWSRVWRMDQMDSRGDWNDNRMLMHSUHGVWDYOMHQþYRURPJUDID%URMXYLUXüLKLL]YLUXüLK
UHODFLMDRGUDåDYDMXQMHJRYXSR]LFLMXL]QDþDMXRGQRVXQDRVWDOHSRGDWNHþYRURYHQD
VNODGLãWX 6YD JUDIRYVND VNODGLãWD RPRJXüDYDMX SULNXSOMDQMH SRGDWDND L] VXVHGQLK
þYRURYD DQDOL]D GLUHNWQLK UHODFLMD DOL SULPHQRP DOJRULWDPD ]D SUHWUDJX JUDID ]D
GXELQH YHüH RG SUHWUDJD SXWDQMD L þYRUYD NRML QLVX X QHSRVUHGQRM YH]L DSOLNDFLMH
PRJXGDSURQDÿX SRGDWNHNRMLVHQHPRJXSULNXSLWLQDGUXJLQDþLQ
285
Baze podataka
14.5 1264/'%06– 02'(/,',675,%8,5$1-$32'$7$.$
-HGDQ RG QDMYDåQLK ]DGDWDND NRMH WUHED GD LVSXQMDYDMX 1R64/ VLVWHPL MHVWH
RGUåDYDQMHSRGDWDNDGLVWULEXLUDQLKXNODVWHUX3RVWRMHUD]OLþLWLQDþLQLGLVWULEXUDQMD
- 3RWSXQRGHOMHQMH
- Master – VODYHUHSOLNDFLMH
- 5HSOLNDFLMHQDUDYQRSUDYQLPKRVWRYLPD
- .RPELQDFLMDGHOMHQMDLUHSOLFLUDQMD
Potpuno deljenje MHPRGHONRGNRJDVHQDVYDNRPKRVWXXNODVWHUXQDOD]HUD]OLþLWL

SRGDFL 6OLND 14. 1H SRVWRMH NRSLMH SRGDWDND QD GUXJLP KRVWRYLPD WDNR GD MH
NRQ]LVWHQWQRVW SRGDWDND ODNR RGUåLYD 2YDM PRGHO MH SRJRGDQ X VOXþDMHYLPD GD
DSOLNDFLMH NRMH SULVWXSDMX ORNDOQLP 1R64/ '%06 KRVWRYLPD WDNRÿH LPDMX ORNDOQL
NDUDNWHU'UXJLPUHþLPDRQHXRSãWHQHSRWUDåXMXLOLYHRPDUHWNRSRWUDåXMXSRGDWNHVD
GUXJLKKRVWRYDXNODVWHUX
Slika 14.10: 3RWSXQRGHOMHQMHSRGDND
.RG SRWSXQRJ GHOMHQMD VYDNL KRVW MH RGJRYRUDQ ]D UD]PHQX þLWDQMH XSLV L
DåXULUDQMHVDPRSRGDWDNDNRMHVNODGLãWL
Master – slave UHSOLNDFLMHMHPRGHONRMLSUHGVWDYOMDSRWSXQXVXSURWQRVWSUHWKRGQRP

LNRGNRJDVHQDVYLPKRVWRYLPDXNODVWHUXQDOD]HLVWLSRGDFL6OLND14.-HGDQRG
KRVWRYDXNODVWHUXLJUDXORJXPDVWHUD7R]QDþLGDMHL]PHQDSRGDWDNDPRJXüDVDPR
QDPDVWHUKRVWXGRNMHQDRVWDOLPKRVWRYLPDNRMLLPDMXslave XORJXGR]YROMHQRVDPR
þLWDQMHDOLQHLSURPHQDSRGDWDND,]RYDNYHSRGHOHXORJDSURL]LOD]LMRãMHGDQ]DGDWDN
PDVWHUD– RGUåDYDQMHNRQ]LVWHQWQRVWLSRGDWDNDRGQRVQRDåXULUDQMHUHSOLNDSRGDWDNDQD
VYLPslave KRVWRYLPD8VORY]DXVSHãQRVWSULPHQH RYRJPRGHODMHSRX]GDQDPUHåQD
LQIUDVWUXNWXUDLYHOLNHEU]LQHSURWRNDSRGDWDND
286
Baze podataka
Slika 14.11: Master – VODYHGHOMHQMH
Replikacije na ravnopravnim (peer to peer) hostovima MHPRGHONRMLVHUD]OLNXMHX

RGQRVX QD SUHWKRGQL SR WRPH ãWR VYL KRVWRYL X NODVWHUX PRJX GD þLWDMX L GD PHQMDMX
SRGDWNHR]QDþHQRNDR5(',6– HQJRead Edit Delete Insert SelectVOLND14.2YDM
PRGHO ]QDWQR XVORåQMDYD RGUåDYDQMH NRQ]LVWHQWQRVWL SRGDWDND X NODVWHUX MHU SURPHQD
SRGDWND QD ELOR NRP RG KRVWRYD SURSDJLUD VH L QD VYH RVWDOH KRVWRYH 8 WRP VOXþDMX
1R64/VLVWHPPRUDGDSRGUåLWUDQVDNFLRQXREUDGXRGQRVQRGDVHSURPHQHQDVYLP
KRVWRYLPDRGLJUDMXXMHGQRMWUDQVDNFLML
Slika 14.12: 3HHUWRSHHUGHOMHQMHSRGDWDND
287
Baze podataka
0RåHVH]DNOMXþLWLGDVXRYDNYLVLVWHPLXJURåHQLXVOXþDMXJXELWNDNRPXQLNDFLRQRJ
NDQDOD ]D DåXULUDQMH SRãWR SRVWRML PRJXüQRVW GLVWULEXFLMH QHWDþQLK SRGDWDND
NRULVQLþNLPDSOLNDFLMDPD3HUPDQHQWQRWHVWLUDQMHOLQNRYDSUHLXWRNXWUDQVDNFLMHUDGL
SULKYDWDQMD FRPPLW LOL RGELMDQMD UROOEDFN WUDQVDNFLMH QLMH GRYROMQD PHUD GD EL VH
XVSRVWDYLODSRX]GDQRVWRYDNYLKGLVWULEXFLRQLKVLVWHPD
0RJXüQRVLWSRMDYHQHNRQ]LVWHQWQLKSRGDWDNDXJRUHRSLVDQLPVLWXDFLMDPDGRYHRMH
GR SRMDYH KLEULGQRJ PRGHOD NRML MH QDVWDR NDR kombinacija deljenja i repliciranja.
3RVWRMHYDULMDQWHRYRJPRGHOD8SUYRMYDULMDQWL6OLND14.KRVWRYLPRJXGDEXGX
X LVWR YUHPH PDVWHUL ]D QHNH SRGDWNH VNODGLãWH QMLKRYH RULJLQDOH L DåXULUDMX QMLKRYH
UHSOLNH D ]D GUXJH SRGDWNH GD LPDMX XORJX slave KRVWD VDPR VNODGLãWH NRSLMH
TDNRÿHXYHULMDQWLRVWRYLPRJXGDEXGXVDPRmasterLOLVDPRslave KRVWRYL3UDYLOR
GLVWULEXLUDQRVWL MH GD X NODVWHUX SRVWRML VDP MHGDQ RULJLQDO SRGDWND L ]QD VH QD NRP
KRVWXMHVNODGLãWHQ6DPRWDNRPRåHGDVHLPSOHPHQWLUDXVSHãQRDåXULUDQMHSRGDWDND
Slika 14.13: .RPELQDFLMDGHOMHQMDLUHSOLFLUDQMD– YDULMDQWD
1DJRUQMRMVOLFLKRVWLPDXORJXPDVWHUD]DSRGDWNDSULND]DQL]YH]GDPDDslave

KRVWD]DWUHüL'UXJLKRVWMHPDVWHU]DMHGDQSRGDWDNDslave ]DGRNMHKRVWslave
KRVW
'UXJD YDULMDQWD NRPELQDFLMH GHOMHQMD L UHSOLFLUDQMD SRGUD]XPHYD UDYQRUDYQRVW

KRVWRYDpeer to peer KRVWRYL7R]QDþLGDVYLKRVWRYLLPDMXXORJXPDVWHUDDUHSOLND
SRGDWDNDQHPDYHüVYHLQVWDQFHSRGDWDNDSUHGVWDYOMDMXRULJLQDOH
288
Baze podataka
Slika 14.14: .RPELQDFLMDGHOMHQMDLUHSOLFLUDQMD– YDULMDQWD
3ULOLNRP SURPHQH SRGDWDND QD ELOR NRP KRVWX RQ SUHX]LPD RGJRYRUQRVW ]D
DåXULUDQMHWRJSRGDWNDQDVYLPRVWDOLPKRVWRYLPD'UXJLPUHþLPDVYDNLKRVWPRUDGD
]QD]DKRVWRYHXNODVWHUXQDNRMLPDMHVNODGLãWHQWDMLVWLSRGDWDN8SUDNVLNRULãüHQMD
1R64/'%06SRGDFLVXGLVWULEXLUDQLIDNWRURPWULãWR]QDþLGDMHVYDNLGLVWULEXLUDQQD
þYRUD X PUHåL KRVWD X NODVWHUX 1D WDM QDþLQ SRYHüDQD MH RWSRUQRVW VLVWHPD QD
SDGRYH PUHåH RGQRVR NODVWHU VH GHOL QD GHORYH NRML VH GDOMH NRQVROLGXMX X SUYRELWQL
QDNRQXVSRVWDYOMDQMDQRUPDOQRJWUDQVIHUDSRGDWDND'DELVHRYRRPRJXüLOR1R64/
DBMS-RYL SDPWH YUHPHQD SURPHQH VYLK SRGDWDND NRMH VNODGLãWH QD NODVWHUX ãWR
UH]XOWLUD NRQ]LVWHQWQRP UHNRQVWUXNFLMRP SRGDWDND SR SRQRYQRP XVSRVWDYOMDQMX
NRPXQLNDFLRQLKNDQDOD.DUDNWHULVWLþQR]DVNODGLãWDVDIDPLOLMDPDNRORQDMHGDNRULVWH
RYDMQDþLQGLVWULEXLUDQMDSRGDWDND
14.6 0$35('8&(.21&(37
Map Reduce NRQFHSW MH QDVWDR NDR SURL]YRG SRWUHEH GD VH SRGDFL SUHGVWDYOMHQL
DJUHJDFLRQLPPRGHORPHILNDVQRUD]PHQMXL]PHÿX KRVWRYDXNODVWHUX,PSOHPHQWDFLMD
RYRJ NRQFHSWD VDUåL GYH ID]H 3UYD MH PDSLUDQMH 0DSLUDQMH VH YUãL SRPRüX IXQNFLMH
NRMD NDR XOD]QL SDUDPHWDU LPD DJUHJLUDQ SRGDWDN D NDR L]OD] GDMH QL] SRGDWDND
SUHGVWDYOMHQLK NDR SDURYL NOMXþ – YUHGQRVW 6OHGHüL SULPHU WR LOXVWUXMH 6OLND 14.
5DþXQNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDDJUHJLUDQSRGDWDNMHXOD]QLSDUDPHWDUIXQNFLMH]DPDSLUDQMHD
UH]XOWDW QMHQRJ L]YUãHQMD VX SRMHGLQDþQH VWDYNH UDþXQD SUHGVWDYOMHQH SR NOMXþ –
vrednost SULQFLSX.OMXþVYDNHVWDYNHMHQD]LYSURL]YRGDDYUHGQRVWMHVWUXNWXUDNRMD
WDNRÿHLPDNOMXþ– vrednost SDUD]DFHQXL]DNROLþLQX
289
Baze podataka
Slika 14.15: 0DSLUDQMHSRGDWDNDL]DJUHJDWDXNOMXþYUHGQRVWSDURYH
2E]LURPGDVHUDGLRSRGDFLPDNRMLSUHGVWDYOMDMXDJUHJDWHGUXJLPUHþLPDNRMLVX
VDVWDYOMHQLRGGLVWULEXLUDQLKSRGDWDNDQDUD]OLþLWLPKRVWRYLPDIXQNFLMDPDSLUDQMDVHX
UHDOQRVWL L]YUãDYD VLPXOWDQR LVWRYUHPHQR QD VYLP KRVWRYLPD QD NRMLPD VH QDOD]H
SRGDFL RG LQWHUHVD 2YDNDY SULVWXS RPRJXüDYD YHOLNX EU]LQX SURFHVLUDQMD SRGDWDND
NDNR ]ERJ SDUDOHOL]PD REUDGH WDNR L ]ERJ ORNDOQRJ NDUDNWHUD SRGDWDND NRML VH
REUDÿXMX'UXJLPUHþLPDKRVWREUDÿXMHXRYRMID]LVDPRSRGDWNHNRMHVNODGLãWL
)XQNFLMD]DPDSLUDQMHVHL]YUãDYDQDMHGQRP]DSLVX– XJRUQMHPSULPHUXWRMHMHGDQ
UDþXQ$NRSUHWSRVWDYLPRGDMHFLOMREUDGHGDVHSULNXSHSRGDFLNXSRYLQHRGUHÿHQRJ
SURL]YRGD IXQNFLMD ]D PDSLUDQMH üH VH L]YUãLWL ]D VYH UDþXQH VYLK NRULVQLND 6OLND
14.8WRPVOXþDMXGRELMDMXVHNDRUH]XOWDWNOMXü– vrednost SDURYLþLMLEURMPRåHGD
VHUHGXNXMHXVNODGXVD]DGDWNRPREUDGH5HGXNFLMDSDURYDNOMXþ-YUHGQRVWSUHGVWDYOMD
GUXJXID]XMap Reduce NRQFHSWD
Slika 14.16: 5HGXNFLMDNOMXþ-YUHGQRVWSDURYD
290
Baze podataka
.DRUH]XOWDWUHGXNFLMHXPHVWRYHOLNRJEURMDNOMXþ– YUHGQRVWSDURYDKRVWHPLWXMH
VDPR MHGDQ SDU NRML SUHGVWDYOMD NRQDþDQ UH]XOWDW REUDGH NRULãüHQMHP Map Reduce
NRQFHSWD
14.7 35,0(5,1264/'%06
2G SRþHWND YHND QDVWDOD VX PQRJREURMQD 1R64/ VNODGLãWD SRGDWaka koja
SUHGVWDYOMDMX UHSUH]HQWDWLYQH SULPHUH NRQFHSDWD NRML VX REMDãQMHQL X SRJODYOMX
Google Bigtable NDR SUYR VNODGLãWH ED]LUDQR QD IDPLOLML NRORQD QDPHQMHQR NDR
RVQRYQDLQIUDVWUXNWXUD]DSUHWUDHQD:HE-XSRVOXåLORMHNDRLQVSUDFLMD]DHyperTable i
HBase skadišta.
Amazon-ovo skadište Dynamo, NDR SUYR VNODGLãWH QD ED]L NOMXþ-YUHGQRVW SDURYD
SUDYOMHQR NDR LQIUDVWUXNWXUD ]D DQDOL]X DNWXHOQLK WUåLãWD PRWLYLVDOR MH UD]YRM
Facebook-RYRJVNODGLãWDCassandra i projekat Voldemort.
-HGQR RG SUYLK VNODGLãWD GRNXPHQDWD - Apache-ov CouchDB NRULVWL JD BBC
bradcasting) SRVOXåLOR MH NDR PRWLY ]D QRYD UHãHQMD RG NRMLK VH QDMYLãH LVWLþH ãLURNR
SULKYDüHQMongoDB. ElasticSearch SUHGVWDYOMDMRãMHGDQSULPHUVNODGLãWDGRNXPHQDWD
NRMLMH]DVWXSOMHQXSRVORYQLPSULPHQDPD3RUHGWRJDLQWHUHVDQWQRMHGDVXVNODGLãWD
GRNXPHQDWD YUOR SULPHQMHQD X QRYLMLP JHQHUDFLMDPD JHRSURVWRUQLK VLVWHPD NRML VH
ED]LUDMXQDIX]LMLRJURPQHNROLþLQHSRGDWDNDL]UD]OLþLWLKL]YRUDQSUGoogle Maps
1DNUDMXSRPLQMHPRLUHSUH]HQWDWLYQHSULPHUHJUDIRYVNLKVNODGLãWDSRGDWDNDIBM
'%RGYHU]LMH1HR-InfiniteGraphInfoGrid LGUXJL2YDVNODGLãWDVXWDNRÿH
QDãOD ãLURNX SULPHQX X VYLP GRPHQLPD X NRMLPD VX ELWQH UHODFLMH L]PHÿX SRGDWDND
GUXãWYHQHYH]HVLVWHPLMDYQRJWUDQVSRUWDSXWQHPDSHLPUHåQHWRSRORJLMH
291
Baze podataka
15 35,0(5,=$02'(/29$1-(
15.1 $'5(6$51$02%,/1207(/()218
8UD]YRMQRPFHQWUXSRSXODUQRJSURL]YRÿDþDPRELOQLKWHOHIRQDSRNUHQXWMHSURMHNDW
UD]YRMD VRIWYHUVNRJ PRGXOD ]D XSUDYOMDQMH WHOHIRQVNLP LPHQLNRP 8 RNYLUX RYRJ
SURMHNWDSRWUHEQRMHUD]YLWLPRGHOED]HSRGDWDNDXNRMRMELVHþXYDOL]DSLVLWHOHIRQVNRJ
LPHQLND .DR RVQRYQL ]DKWHY SUL UD]YRMX PRGHOD QDYHGHQR MH SRVWL]DQMH YLVRNLK
SHUIRUPDQVLVDRJUDQLþHQLPSURFHVRUVNLPUHVXUVLPD6YDNLRG]DSLVDXLPHQLNXWUHED
GD VDGUåL QD]LY DGUHVX L EURM WHOHIRQD 'XåLQX QD]LYD ]DSLVD DGUHVH L EURMD WHOHIRQD
WUHED RJUDQLþLWL QD SR EDMWRYD D VNODGLãWHQMH EURMD WHOHIRQD RPRJXüLWL L VD
SUHILNVRP Ä³ 8 SRJOHGX IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL ]DKWHYDQR MH OLVWDQMH ]DSLVD X LPHQLNX
ILOWULUDQMH ]DSLVD XQRVRP GHOD QD]LYD L SURQDODåHQMH QD]LYD ]D XQHWL EURM WHOHIRQD
5D]YLMHQLPRGHOED]HSRGDWDNDELRELUHDOL]RYDQXRNYLUXSQLite ili MySQL VLVWHPD]D
XSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDNDQD/LQXNV$QGURLGRSHUDWLYQRPVLVWHPX
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 'DOLMHSUHGORåHQLPRGHOQRUPDOL]RYDQLNRMHQRUPDOQHIRUPHQLVX
LVSRãWRYDQH"
x 'DOLLPDSRWUHEH]DGHQRUPDOL]DFLMRPED]HXFLOMXSRGL]DQMDSHUIRUPDQVL"
x .RMHVXSUHGQRVWLUHDOL]DFLMHUHãHQMDNRULãüHQMHPSQLite SUBP-DXRGQRVXQD
MySQL LOLIDMO-VLVWHPVNODGLãWHQMHSRGDWDNDXQXWDUIDMOD"
x 1DNRMLQDþLQELVHQDQLYRXSQL MH]LNDPRJORRPRJXüLWLSUHSR]QDYDQje
]DSLVDþLMLMHEURMVNODGLãWHQXIRUPDWXÄ³DNRMLMHNRULVQLNXQHRX
IRUPDWXÄ³"
292
Baze podataka
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHYL
8QRYHPRGHOHPRELOQLKWHOHIRQDXJUDÿXMXVH]QDþDMQREUåLSURFHVRULQHJRãWRMHWR
ELRVOXþDMNRGPRGHOD]DNRMLMHUD]YLMHQSUHWKRGQLVLVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHWHOHIRQVNLP
LPHQLNRP 8 PHÿXYUHPHQX NDR RVQRYQD PDQD SUHWKRGQRJ UHãHQMD SUHSR]QDWR MH
SRVWRMDQMH YLãH ]DSLVD X LPHQLNX NRG RVRED ]D NRMH VH þXYD YLãH NRQWDNW WHOHIRQD LOL
DGUHVD 7DNRÿH XJUDGQMRP GPS PRGXOD MDYLOD VH LGHMD ]D PRJXüQRãüX VRUWLUDQMD
]DSLVD X LPHQLNX SR XGDOMHQRVWL NRQWDNDWD RG WUHQXWQH ORNDFLMH NRULVQLND PRELOQRJ
WHOHIRQD.RMHVXL]PHQHXSUHWKRGQRPPRGHOXED]HSRGDWDNDSRWUHEQHGDELVHUHãLR
QDYHGHQLSUREOHPLRPRJXüLORSRPHQXWRVRUWLUDQMH"
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
Ⴠ .DNRüHVHQDYHGHQHL]PHQHRGUD]LWLQDVORåHQRVWLSHUIRUPDQVHVLVWHPD"
Ⴠ 'DOLVHL]PHQRPSRMDYOMXMHQRYLNDQGLGDW]DSULPDUQLNOMXþXWDEHOL2VRED"
Ⴠ 8NROLNRELVHQRYLVLVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHWHOHIRQVNLPLPHQLNRPSULPHQLRQD
WHOHIRQHNRMLYHüNRULVWHVWDULVLVWHPNRMLVXNRUDFLSRWUHEQLGDQHELGRãORGR
JXELWDNDSRVWRMHüLKNRQWDNDWD"
Ⴠ 1DNRMHMHVYHQDþLQHPRJXüHUHDOL]RYDWLVRUWLUDQMHNRQWDNDWDSRXGDOMHQRVWLRG
WUHQXWQHORNDFLMHXUHÿDMDDNRMLVHPRJXVPDWUDWLRSWLPDOQLP"
Ⴠ 'DOLVDYUHPHQLVLVWHPL]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDNDLPDMXSRGUãNX]D
JHRJUDIVNHWLSRYHSRGDWDND"
293
Baze podataka
15.2 %,%/,27(.$
=D SRWUHEHELEOLRWHNHMHGQH VUHGQMRãNROVNHXVWDQRYHSRWUHEQRMH UD]YLWLVRIWYHU]D

YRÿHQMH NQMLJD þODQRYD L ]DGXåHQMD =D VRIWYHU VX SODQLUDQH VDPR RVQRYQH IXQNFLR-
QDOQRVWL
1. YRÿHQMHHYLGHQFLMHRSRVWRMHüLPþODQRYLPDELEOLRWHNH
2. YRÿHQMHHYLGHQFLMHRSRVWRMHüLPNQMLJDPDXELEOLRWHFLL
3. YRÿHQMHHYLGHQFLMHRDNWLYQLP]DGXåHQMLPD
3RGDFLRþODQRYLPDNRMHMHSRWUHEQRYRGLWLXED]LSRGDWDNDVXEURMþODQVNHNDUWH
LPH SUH]LPH DGUHVD L NRQWDNW WHOHIRQ 6YDND NQMLJD MH RGUHÿHQD PHÿXQDURGQLP
VWDQGDUGQLP NQMLåQLP EURMHP HQJO International Standard Book Number, ISBN =D
QDVORYHNRMLVXVHSRMDYLOLSUHJRGLQHRYDMEURMVDGUåLFLIDUDD]DQDVORYHNRML
VXVHSRMDYLOLSRþHYRGWHJRGLQHRYDMEURMVDGUåLFLIDUD3RUHGRYRJEURMD]DVYDNX
RGNQMLJDEHOHåHVHMRãLQDVORYLDXWRU
3URFHV ]DGXåLYDQMD NQMLJH SRGUD]XPHYD NRULãüHQMH NDUWRQVNH NDUWLFH ]D EHOHåHQMH

EURMD þODQVNH NDUWH þODQD ISBN EURM NQMLJH NRMX MH ]DGXåLR NDR L GDWXP NDGD MH
]DGXåLYDQMH L]YUãHQR 3URFHV UD]GXåLYDQMD SRGUD]XPHYD EHOHåHQMH GDWXPD
UD]GXåLYDQMD X ]D WR SUHGYLÿHQR SROMH QD NDUWLFL 3UHJOHG DNWLYQLK ]DGXåHQMD
SRGUD]XPHYD SUHWUDJX VYLK NDUWLFD NRG NRMLK MH SROMH ]D GDWXP UD]GXåLYDQMD SUD]QR
ýODQRYLPD MH GR]YROMHQR SDUDOHOQR ]DGXåLYDQMH GR WUL NQMLJH DOL VH X SRMHGLQLP
VOXþDMHYLPDRGREUDYDLSUHNRUDþHQMHRYRJEURMD
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 'DOLSUHGVWDYOMHQLPRGHOPRåHGDRGJRYRULQDVYH]DKWHYHVOXþDMHYH
NRULãüHQMD"
x âWDüHVHGRJRGLWLXNROLNRMHGDQþODQSRNXãDGYDSXWDGD]DGXåLLVWXNQMLJX"
x 'DOLMHSUHGORåHQLPRGHOQRUPDOL]RYDQLNRMHQRUPDOQHIRUPHQLVX
ispRãWRYDQH"
x .RMHVXL]PHQHQDPRGHOXSRWUHEQHGDELVHRQPRJDRSULPHQLWLQDYLGHR-NOXE
LOLUHQW-a-NDUDJHQFLMX"
294
Baze podataka
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
7RNRPNRULãüHQMDUHãHQMDED]LUDQRJQDSUHWKRGQRUD]YLMHQRPPRGHOXXRþHQRMHGD
RQ QH SRGUåDYD VOXþDM X NRPH MHGDQ þODQ PRåH GD YLãH SXWD ]DGXåL LVWX NQMLJX 2YR
RJUDQLþHQMH MH X SUDNVL ]DRELODåHQR EULVDQMHP ]DSLVD R SUHWKRGQRP ]DGXåLYDQMX SUH
GRGDYDQMDQRYRJLOLL]PHQRPSRþHWND]DGXåLYDQMD0HÿXWLPQDRYDM QDþLQGROD]LGR
JXELWDND SRGDWDND RGQRVQR RãWHüXMH VH LVWRULMDW ]DGXåLYDQMD .RMH L]PHQH PRGHOD
ED]HSRGDWDNDVXSRWUHEQHGDELVHUHãLRQDYHGHQLSUREOHP"
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
Ⴠ 1D NRML QDþLQ VH L]PHQH PRJX XJUDGLWL X SRVWRMHüL VLVWHP D GD VH QH L]JXEH
WUHQXWQLSRGDFL"
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
.RULãüHQMHPUDþXQDUVNHED]HSRGDWDNDQLMHPRJXüHXWYUGLWLGDOLXELEOLRWHFLSRVWRML
VORERGDQ SULPHUDN RGUHÿHQRJ QDVORYD LOL VH SUHL]GDYDQMD PRUD VDþHNDWL QD YUDüDQMH
QHNRJ RG YHü L]GDWLK SULPHUDND 6YL SULPHUFL NQMLJD X ELEOLRWHFL VX REHOHåHQL
MHGLQVWYHQLP LQYHQWDUVNLP EURMHP 'RGDWQR LVWL QDVORYL X ELEOLRWHFL þHVWR SRVWRMH
L]GDWLRGVWUDQHUD]OLþLWLKL]GDYDþDLXUD]QLPJRGLQDPDL]GDQMDWHELLRYHSRGDWNHR
QDVORYXWUHEDORSRGUåDWLXED]LSRGDWDND
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
295
Baze podataka
x Pitanja
x 1D NRML QDþLQ VH L]PHQH PRJX XJUDGLWL X SRVWRMHüL VLVWHP D GD VH QH L]JXEH
WUHQXWQLSRGDFL"
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
8RþHQDMHLQHSUDYLOQRVWXNRULãüHQMXSURJUDPDNRMDVHRJOHGDXUD]OLþLWLPXQRVLPD
LVWLKDXWRUDüLULOLFDODWLQLFDXQRVQDL]YRUQRPSLVPXLMH]LNXUD]OLþLWLUHGRVOHGLPHQD
L SUH]LPHQD UD]OLþLWR NRULãüHQMH LQLFLMDOD RG VWUDQH NRULVQLND SURJUDPD 2YR
RQHPRJXüDYDSUHWUDJXQDVORYDSRLPHQXDXWRUDNRULVQLFLXJODYQRPSRJDÿDMXUD]OLþLWH
PRJXüH NRPELQDFLMH D VYH þHãüH VH GHãDYD GD VH SURSXVWL QHNL RG QDVORYD ,VWL
SUREOHPLDNRPDQMH]QDþDMDQMDYLRVHLNDGDMHXSLWDQMXL]GDYDþNQMLJH
'RGDWQRSODQLUDQRMHSURãLUHQMHSRVWRMHüHJUHãHQMDGRGDYDQMHP9HEDSOLNDFLMHNRMD
EL þODQRYLPD ELEOLRWHNH RPRJXüLOD GD VH SUHNR ,QWHUQHWD LQIRUPLãX R SRVWRMHüLP L
VORERGQLPQDVORYLPDXELEOLRWHFL2YDDSOLNDFLMDELNRULVWLODFHQWUDOQXED]XSRGDWDND
LVWXNDRLDSOLNDFLMDNRMXNRULVWHUDGQLFLXELEOLRWHFL.DRMHGQDRGPRJXüQRVWL9HE
DSOLNDFLMHSODQLUDQRMHLSULND]LYDQMHNUDWNHELRJUDILMHDXWRUDãWRWDNRÿHWUHEDSRGUåDWL
XPRGHOXED]HSRGDWDND
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
296
Baze podataka
x Pitanja
x 'DOLMHELORPRJXüHQDYHGHQLSUREOHPSRWSXQRLOLGHOLPLþQRUHãLWLEH]L]PHQH
ED]HSRGDWDNDRGQRVQRQDVORMXORJLNHUHãHQMD"
x 7HKQRORJLMDXNRMRMMHL]UDÿHQNRULVQLþNLLQWHUIHMVDSOLNDFLMHRPRJXüDYD
UHDJRYDQMHQDGRJDÿDMSULWLVNDWDVWHUDGRJDÿDMonkeypressNDGDVHIRNXV
SRVWDYLQDSROMH]DXQRVDXWRUD]DSUHWUDJXQDVORYD.RMLXSLWWUHEDL]YUãLWLX
ED]LSRGDWDNDGDELVHNRULVQLNXSRQXGLODOLVWDVYLKDXWRUDþLMHLPHSUH]LPH
VDGUåLXQHWLWHNVW"
x 'DOLSRVWRMHEH]EHGQRVQLUL]LFLNRGRPRJXüDYDQMDSULVWXSDVDGUåDMXED]H
SRGDWDNDSXWHP,QWHUQHWD"8NROLNRSRVWRMHQDNRMLQDþLQELVHPRJOLRWNORQLWL
LOLXPDQMLWL"
15.3 0$*$&,1
3RWUHEQR MH UD]YLWL PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND NRML EL SRGUåDR XSUDYOMDQMH VNXSRP
PDJDFLQD6YDNLRGPDJDFLQDLPDVYRMQD]LYLDGUHVXDXQMHPXVHXVYDNRPWUHQXWNX
PRåHQDOD]LWLSURL]YROMQDNROLþLQDUD]OLþLWLKWLSRYDUREH.ROLþLQDUD]OLþLWLKWLSRYDUREH
PHUL VH UD]OLþLWLP PHUQLP MHGLQLFDPD NRPDG PHWDU NLORJUDP 0RGHO WUHED GD
RPRJXüLGDVHXVYDNRPWUHQXWNXPRåHYLGHWLVDGUåDMVYDNRJRGPDJDFLQDNDRLGDVH
]DVYDNLWLSUREHPRJXYLGHWLGRVWXSQHNROLþLQHXUD]OLþLWLPPDJDFLQLPD
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x Koji tip SRGDWDNDWUHEDL]DEUDWL]DNRORQXStanje XLVWRLPHQRMWDEHOL"

x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
1DNRQLQLFLMDOQRJSHULRGDNRULãüHQMDUD]YLMHQRJPRGHODXWYUÿHQRMHYLãHQMHJRYLK
QHGRVWDWDND3UYHQVWYHQRSULOLNRPSRSLVDVXXWYUÿHQH]QDþDMQHUD]OLNHL]PHÿXVWDQMD
XED]LSRGDWDNDLVWYDUQLKVWDQMDXPDJDFLQLPD,]WRJUD]ORJDMHSRVWDYOMHQ]DKWHYGD
VH X ED]L SRGDWDND SRGUåH VYL SULMHPL L L]GDYDQMD UREH NDR L GD VH RPRJXüL XQRV
UD]OLNDHYLGHQWLUDQLKSULOLNRPSRSLVD
297
Baze podataka
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
1. 8þHPXVHVYHRJOHGD]QDþDMSROMDDatumVreme XWDEHODPDPrijemIzdavanje
i Popis"
2. .RML VX NRUDFL QDNRQ XYRÿHQMD SUHGVWDYOMHQLK L]PHQD SRWUHEQL ]D GRELMDQMH
DNWXHOQRJVWDQMDRGUHÿHQHUREHXRGUHÿHQRPPDJDFLQX"
3. .RMLVXNRUDFLSRWUHEQL]DGRELMDQMHDNWXHOQRJ VWDQMDXRGUHÿHQRP PDJDFLQX
]DVYHWLSRYHUREH"
4. .RML VX NRUDFL SRWUHEQL ]D GRELMDQMH DNWXHOQRJ VWDQMD RGUHÿHQRJ WLSD UREH X
VYLPPDJDFLQLPD"
5. 1DNRMLQDþLQXYHGHQHL]PHQHXWLþXQDSHUIRUPDQVHVLVWHPD"
298
Baze podataka
15.4 %$1.$
=DSRWUHEHRGUHÿHQHEDQNHSRWUHEQRMHUD]YLWLRVQRYQLPRGHOED]HSRGDWDND0RGHO
WUHEDGDSRGUåLVDPRYRÿHQMHHYLGHQFLMHRNOLMHQWLPDUDþXQLPDXSODWDPDLVSODWDPDL
L]GDWLP SODWQLP NDUWLFDPD 1D RVQRYX SRGDWDND X ED]L SRWUHEQR MH GD VH X VYDNRP
WUHQXWNXPRåHGRELWLWUHQXWQRVWDQMHQDRGUHÿHQRPUDþXQX.
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 1D NRML QDþLQ VH SUHNR UD]YLMHQRJ PRGHOD XWYUÿXMH WUHQXWQR VWDQMH QD
RGUHÿHQRP UDþXQX" âWD VX SUHGQRVWL D ãWD PDQH WDNYRJ SULVWXSD L NRMH
DOWHUQDWLYHSRVWRMH"
x .RMD MH SUHGQRVW FHQWUDOL]RYDQH ED]H SRGDWDND VD DVSHNWD SRVWRMDQMD YHOLNRJ
EURMD ILOLMDOD EDQNH" .RML VX IXQNFLRQDOQL L EH]EHGQRVQL L]D]RYL SRVOHGLFD
FHQWUDOL]DFLMH"
x .RMHVXL]PHQHPRGHODSRWUHEQHGDELVHSRGUåDODLãWHGQMDNOLMHQDWDRGQRVQR
REUDþXQDYDQMHNDPDWH"
x .RMH VX L]PHQH PRGHOD L FHORNXSQRJ VLVWHPD SRWUHEQH GD EL VH NOLMHQWLPD
RPRJXüLOR HOHNWURQVNR EDQNDUVWYR XSUDYOMDQMH UDþXQRP SXWHP ,QWHUQHWD"
.RMLVXEH]EHGQRVQLLIXQNFLRQDOQLL]D]RYL"
299
Baze podataka
15.5 0$5.(7,1â.$$*(1&,-$
=D SRWUHEH PDUNHWLQãNH DJHQFLMH MH SRWUHEQR UD]YLWL PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND NRMD EL
RPRJXüDYDOD VSURYRÿHQMH DQNHWD SXWHP ,QWHUQHWD ,VSLWDQLFL QD SRþHWNX DQNHWLUDQMD
XQRVHLPHSUH]LPHLVWDURVWD]DWLPRGJRYDUDMXQDSRVWDYOMHQDSLWDQMD3LWDQMDVDGUåH
SUHGHILQLVDQHYUHGQRVWLNDRRGJRYRUHNRMHLVSLWDQLFLELUDMX1DNRQVSURYRÿHQMDDQNHWH
vrši se statLVWLþNDDQDOL]DGDWLKRGJRYRUD
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 1DNRMHQDþLQHVHVDSRVWRMHüLPPRGHORPPRåHRGUHGLWLUHGRVOHGSULND]LYDQMD
SLWDQMDLRGJRYRUD"
x .RMLPVNXSRPXSLWDVHPRJXGRELWLSURFHQWLGDYDQMDRRGUHÿHQLKRGJRYRUD"
x 'DOLMHPRJXüHSUHGVWDYOMHQLPRGHOLVNRULVWLWLL]DSURYHUX]QDQMDLVSLWDQLND"
.RMHL]PHQHVXSRWUHEQHXWRPVOXþDMX"
x 1RYL]DKWHY
1DNRQLQLFLMDOQRJSHULRGDNRULãüHQMDUD]YLMHQRJPRGHODXRþHQMHMHGDQ]QDþDMDQ
QHGRVWDWDNNRMLVHRJOHGDXWRPHGDLVSLWDQLFLQHPRJXGDGDMX NRPHQWDUHQDSRQXÿHQD
SLWDQMD8VNODGXVDWLPSRWUHEQRMHL]PHQLWLPRGHOWDNRGDVH]DRGUHÿHQDSLWDQMD
RPRJXüLXQRVVORERGQLKYUHGQRVWL
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
300
Baze podataka
x Pitanja
x 'DOLSUHGORåHQRUHãHQMHRPRJXüDYDXNODQMDQMHNRORQDImePrezime i Starost
iz tabele Ispitanik"'DOLMHWLPHPRJXüHXSRWSXQRVWLLVNOMXþLWLWDEHOXIspitanik
L]PRGHOD"
15.6 (/(.75216.2*/$6$1-(
=D SRWUHEH RGUåDYDQMD SUHGVWRMHüLK L]ERUD SRWUHEQR MH UD]YLWL VLVWHP HOHNWURQVNRJ
JODVDQMDNRMLELHOLPLQLVDRSRWHQFLMDOQH]ORXSRWUHEHLL]PHQHUH]XOWDWDNDRLRPRJXüLR
SUDüHQMH UH]XOWDWD JODVDQMD X UHDOQRP YUHPHQX 8 RNYLUX SURMHNWRYDQRJ UHãHQMD
SODQLUDQDMHFHQWUDOL]RYDQDED]DSRGDWDNDLWHUPLQDOLQDJODVDþNLPPHVWLPD
6YLP SXQROHWQLP JUDÿDQLPD WUHEDL]GDWLSMART NDUWLFH VD SRGUãNRP ]D GLJLWDOQR

SRWSLVLYDQMH3URFHVL]GDYDQMDNDUWLFHSRGUD]XPHYD
Ⴠ SRWYUÿLYDQMHLGHQWLWHWDJODVDþD
Ⴠ JHQHULVDQMHSDUDNOMXþHYDSRWUHEQRJ]DGLJLWDOQRSRWSLVLYDQMH
Ⴠ UHJLVWUDFLMXLGHQWLWHWDJODVDþDLMDYQRJNOMXþDXFHQWUDOQRMED]LSRGDWDND i
Ⴠ VNODGLãWHQMHLGHQWLWHWDJODVDþDLWDMQRJNOMXþDQDNDUWLFL
6DPSURFHVJODVDQMDSRGUD]XPHYD
1. XPHWDQMHNDUWLFHXRGJRYDUDMXüLLQWHUIHMVQDWHUPLQDOX]DJODVDQMH
2. SRWYUÿLYDQMHLGHQWLWHWDJODVDþDL
3. L]ERULSRWYUGXMHGQHSRQXÿHQLKRSFLMD]DJODVDQMH
S obziURP QD RVQRYQX QDPHQX L UD]ORJ L]JUDGQMH VLVWHPD QHRSKRGQR MH

RQHPRJXüLWLYLãHVWUXNHJODVRYHVDLVWHNDUWLFHNDRLJODVDQMHNRULãüHQMHPNDUWLFDNRMH
QLVX SURãOH NUR] UHJXODUQX SURFHGXUX L]GDYDQMD 7DNRÿH ]D VYDNL JODV MH SRWUHEQR
]DEHOHåLWL YUHPH SUHFL]QRVW QD QLYRX VHNXQGH L IP DGUHVX WHUPLQDOD QD NRPH MH
JODVDQMHL]YUãHQRDVDPDED]DQHWUHEDGDSULKYDWLJODVRYHNRGNRMLKQLVXGRVWDYOMHQL
GLJLWDOQLSRWSLVLQDYHGHQLSDUDPHWUL
301
Baze podataka
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 'DOLMHSUHGORåHQLPRGHOQRUPDOL]RYDQ LNRMHQRUPDOQHIRUPHQLVX
LVSRãWRYDQH"
x ,PDMXüLXYLGXGDSUDYRGDJODVDLPDRNRPLOLRQDJUDÿDQDUD]PRWULWL
VOHGHüH
o .ROLNLMHNDSDFLWHWED]HSRWUHEDQ]DVNODGLãWHQMHLGHQWLWHWDJODVDþD"
o .ROLNLMHNDSDFLWHWED]HSRWUHEDQ]DVNODGLãWHQMHJODVRYD"
o .DNYLVXUHVXUVLSRWUHEQL]DUHJLVWURYDQMHSRPHQXWRJEURMDJODVDþDL
L]GDYDQMHNDUWLFDQDPHVWDXSHULRGXRGPHVHFDSUHRGUåDYDQMD
L]ERUD"
o .RMLMHSRWUHEDQNDSDFLWHWFHORNXSQRJVLVWHPDFHQWUDOQHED]H
NRPXQLNDFLRQRJNDQDODLVOXVOXþDMXL]ODVNDQDJODVDQMHVYLKELUDþDX
SHULRGXRGþDVRYD"
x .RMHVXSUHGQRVWLLPDQHVNODGLãWHQMHIRWRJUDILMHJODVDþDXVDPRMED]L
SRGDWDNDLQDIDMOVLVWHPX"
x ,PDMXüLXYLGXGDQHNDPHVWD]DJODVDQMHQHPDMXGLUHNWQXYH]XVDFHQWUDOQRP
ED]RPSRGDWDNDQDQMLPDVHSUHGYLÿDNRULãüHQMHSULYHUHPHQLKSULUXþQLKED]D
VDQDNQDGQRPVLQKURQL]DFLMRP.DNDYWRLPDXWLFDMQDEH]EHGQRVWVLVWHPDLQD
NRMLQDþLQVHPRJXHOLPLQLVDWL]ORXSRWUHEHQDSULPHUYLãHVWUXNRJODVDQMH
LVWRPNDUWLFRP"
x =DSRGL]DQMHEH]EHGQRVWLVLVWHPDLVPDQMHQMHPRJXüQRVWL]ORXSRWUHEH
UD]PDWUDVHXSRWUHEDELRPHWULMVNLKSRGDWDNDJODVDþDLULVRWLVDNSUVWD
.DNDYWRPRåHLPDWLXWLFDMQDVLVWHPLNRMHVXL]PHQHSRWUHEQH"1DNRMH
QDþLQHMHPRJXüH]DãWLWLWLELRPHWULMVNHSRGDWNHVNODGLãWHQHXED]LSRGDWDND"
.RMHPRJXüQRVWLRWYDUDXSRWUHEDELRPHWULMH"
302
Baze podataka
x .DRQHGRVWDWDNVLVWHPDXRþHQDMHPRJXüQRVWGDVHL]ED]HYLGLNRMLMHJODVDþ
L]DEUDRNRMXRSFLMX.RMHVXL]PHQHSRWUHEQHGDELVH]DãWLWLRLGHQWLWHWJODVDþD
RGQRVQRGDVHQDRVQRYXSRGDWDNDL]ED]HQHPRåHXWYUGLWLNRMLMHJODVDþ
JODVDR]DNRMXRSFLMXVDWLPGDVHLGDOMH]DGUåLRQHPRJXüDYDQMHYLãHVWUXNRJ
JODVDQMD"
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
1D L]ERULPD QD NRMLPD MH VLVWHP SUYL SXW NRULãüHQ MDYLOD VH SRWUHED ]D GUXJLP
NUXJRP RGQRVQR SRQRYQLP NRULãüHQMHP VLVWHPD 8RþHQR MH GD SUHWKRGQR UD]YLMHQL
PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND WR QH RPRJXüDYD X RNYLUX LVWH ED]H SRGDWDND WH MH NDR
SULYUHPHQRUHãHQMHNUHLUDQDQRYD0HÿXWLPNDRWUDMQLMHUHãHQMH]DKWHYDQDMHL]PHQD
PRGHODXFLOMXRPRJXüDYDQMDNRULãüHQMDLVWHED]H]DYLãHVWUXNHL]ERUH
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x .DNRüHVHQDYHGHQHL]PHQHRGUD]LWLQDVORåHQRVWSRX]GDQRVWLSHUIRUPDQVH
VLVWHPD"
x .DNRüHVHQDYHGHQHL]PHQHRGUD]LWLQDUHGQHEURMHYHRSFLMDQDQDUHGQLP
L]ERULPD".RMDVXSRWHQFLMDOQDUHãHQMD]DWR"
'D OL VH UD]YLMHQL PRGHO PRåH NRULVWLWL L ]D SRWUHEH DQNHWLUDQMD JUDÿDQD X FLOMX
SUHGYLÿDQMDL]ERUDUH]XOWDWDLNRMHVXL]PHQHSRWUHEQH"
303
Baze podataka
15.7 ELEKTRONSKA PRODAVNICA
3RWUHEQR MH UD]YLWL PRGHO ED]H SRGDWDND NRMD EL VH NRULVWLOD ]D HOHNWURQVNX 9HE
SURGDYQLFX %D]D SRGDWDND WUHED GD RPRJXüL þXYDQMH SRGDWDND R DNWXHOQLP
SURL]YRGLPD SURL]YRÿDþ QD]LY RSLV FHQD NDWHJRULMD L QMLKRYR SRUXþLYDQMH SXWHP
,QWHUQHWD 3URL]YRGL VH PRJX SUHWUDåLYDWL SUHNR SURL]YRÿDþD L NDWHJRULMH X NRMRM VH
QDOD]H .DWHJRULMH VX RUJDQL]RYDQH KLMHUDUKLMVNL QSU $ODWL ! %XãLOLFH ! 6WRQH
EXãLOLFH8RNYLUXMHGQHSRUXGåELQHPRåHVHQDüLYLãHSURL]YRGD.XSFLVXREDYH]QL
GDVHUHJLVWUXMXLSULWRPRVWDYHDGUHVXHOHNWURQVNHSRãWHLPHSUH]LPHL DGUHVX
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
x Pitanja
x 'D OL MH DGUHVD HOHNWURQVNH SRãWH GREDU NDQGLGDW ]D SULPDUQL NOMXþ WDEHOH
Kupac"
x =DãWR MH SRWUHEQR þXYDWL FHQX SURL]YRGD X RNYLUX WDEHOH
Porudzbina__Proizvod NDGDWDMSRGDWDNYHüSRVWRMLXWDEHOLProizvod"
x .RMX YUHGQRVW ]D QDG-NDWHJRULMX SROMH Kategorija_ID üH LPDWL NRUHQH
NDWHJRULMH"
x .DNYL DOJRULWPL VX SRWUHEQL ]D SUHWUDåLYDQMH KLMHUDUKLMVNL RUJDQL]RYDQLK
SRGDWDNDNDNYHVXXRYRPVOXþDMXNDWHJRULMH"
304
Baze podataka
x 1DNQDGQL]DKWHY
1DNRQ NRULãüHQMD UD]YLMHQRJ PRGHOD X SRþHWQRP SHULRGX UDGD HOHNWURQVNH

SURGDYQLFH XRþHQR MH GD SURL]YRGH QLMH GRYROMQR SUHWUDåLYDWL SR SURL]YRÿDþX
NDWHJRULMLQD]LYXLJUXERPRSLVXYHüGDMHSRWUHEQDSUHFL]QLMDSUHWUDJDSRQMLKRYLP
RVRELQDPD8VNODGXVDWLPSRWUHEQRMHRVRELQHL]GYRMLWLL] RSLVD3ULWRPWUHEDLPDWL
XYLGXGDUD]OLþLWLSURL]YRGLLPDMXSRWSXQRUD]OLþLWHRVRELQH- QDSULPHUNRGNRãXOMDMH
]QDþDMQDYHOLþLQDERMDLVLURYLQVNLVDVWDYGRNVXNOMXþQHRVRELQHIULåLGHUDNDSDFLWHW
HQHUJHWVNDHILNDVQRVWLPRJXüQRVWVDPR-RWDSDQMD
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
6 RE]LURP QD YHOLNX UD]QROLNRVW RVRELQD UD]OLþLWLK SURL]YRGD SUHGORåHQ MH PRGHO
NRMLSULPHQMXMHW]YÄUHWNXPDWULFX³RGQRVQRNRMLVDGUåLWDEHOXXNRMRMüHYHüLQDSROMD
NRGYHüLQHUHGRYHELWLSUD]QD
x Pitanja
x 'DOLMHSUHGORåHQRUHãHQMHRSWLPDOQR".RMLVXQMHJRYLQHGRVWDFL"
x 1D NRML QDþLQ VH YUãL SURãLULYDQMH VNXSD PRJXüLK RVRELQD" 'D OL VX NRG
SURãLULYDQMD SRWUHEQH L]PHQH 9HE DSOLNDFLMH" 'D OL MH PRJXüH SUDYLWL
GLQDPLþNHIRUPXODUH]DSUHWUDJXSURL]YRGDSRRVRELQDPD"
305
Baze podataka
x 0RGHOED]HSRGDWDND
2VQRYQLPRGHOED]HSRGDWDNDMHSURãLUHQ($9(QWLWHW-$WULEXW-9UHGQRVWPRGHORP

]D SURL]YRG NRML RPRJXüDYD GD VH VYDNRP SRMHGLQDþQRP SURL]YRGX SULGUXåL
SURL]YROMDQSRGVNXSGHILQLVDQLKRVRELQDVDVRSVWYHQLPYUHGQRVWLPD
x Pitanja
x .RML VX DOJRULWDPVNL NRUDFL ]D SUDYOMHQMH GLQDPLþNRJ IRUPXODUD ]D SUHWUDJX
SURL]YRGD"
x 1D NRMH VYH QDþLQH MH PRJXüH VRUWLUDQMH RVRELQD RVLP SR
D]EXþQRPDEHFHGQRPVRUWLUDQMXSRQD]LYX".RMHVXL]PHQHSRWUHEQH"
x .RMLVXQHGRVWDFLSRPHQXWRJPRGHOD".DNDYMHQMHJRYXWLFDMQDSHUIRUPDQVH"
306
Baze podataka
LITERATURA
%ODJRMHYLü9ODGLPLU 5HODFLRQHED]HSRGDWDND>.QMLJD@ - %HRJUDG .OXE1LNROD

7HVOD
%UDQLVDOY/D]DUHYLü=0DUMDQRYLü1$QLþLü6%DEDURJLü Baze podataka
>.QMLJD@ - %HRJUDG )21.
Carlos Coronel, 6WHYHQ0RUULVDQG3HWHU5RE 'DWDEDVH6\VWHPV'HVLJQ
,PSOHPHQWDWLRQDQG0DQDJHPHQW>.QMLJD@ - %RVWRQ -RH6DEDWLQR -
7WK(GLWLRQ
'DYLG0.URHQNH'DYLG-$XHU 'DWDEDVH&RQFHSWV>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ-HUVH\ :
3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOO - 77KLUG(GLWLRQ
'X%RLV3DXO 0\64/>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ<RUN $GGLVRQ:HVOH\ - 7WK(GLWLRQ
+HFWRU*DUVLD-0ROLQD-HIIUH\'8OOPDQ-HQQLIHU:LGRP Database SyVWHPV- WKH
&RPSOHWH%RRN>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ-HUVH\ 3UHQWLFH+DOO8.
-HIIUH\$+RIIHU0DU\%3UHVFRWW+HLNNL7RSL 0RGHUQ'DWDEDVH0DQDJHPHQW
>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ-HUVH\ 3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOO - 71LQWK(GLWLRQ
-HIIUH]'8OODPQ-HQQLIHU:LGRP $)LUVW&RXUVHLQ'DWDEDVH6\VWHPV>.QMLJD@ -
1HZ-HUVH\ 3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOO - 77KLUG(GLWLRQ
/-RKQVRQ-DPHV 'DWDEDVH0RGHOV/DQJXDJHV'HVLJQ>.QMLJD@ - /RQGRQ 2[IRUG
8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV
0LFKDHO.LIHU$UWKXU%HUQVWHLQ3KLOLS0/HZLV 'DWDEDVH6\VWHPV$Q
$SSOLFDWLRQ-2ULHQWHG$SSURDFK,QWURGXFWRU\9HUVLRQ>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ<ork :
3HDUVRQ$GGLVRQ:HVOH\ - 7QG(GLWLRQ
0XUDFK-RHO 0\64/>.QMLJD@ - US 0LNH0XUDFK $VVRFLDWHV,QF
3RZHOO*DYLQ %HJLQQLQJ'DWDEDVH'HVLJQ>.QMLJD@ - ,QGLDQDSROLV :LOH\3XEOLVKLQJ
2005.
6LOEHUVFKDW]$.RUWK+6XGDUVKDQ6'DWDEDVH6\VWHPV&RQFHSWV>.QMLJD@0F
*UDZ+LOO
60XOOLQDV&UDLJ $GPQLQLVWUDFLMDED]DSRGDWDND>.QMLJD@ - ýDþDN .RPSMXWHU
ELEOLRWHND
7RE\7HRUH\6DP/LJKWVWRQH7RP1DGHDX+9-DJDGLVK 'DWDEDVH0RGHOLQJ
>.QMLJD@ - 1HZ<RUN (OVHYLHU
307
CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији - Народна библиотека Србије, Београд
004.65(075.8)
BAZE podataka / Mladen Veinović ... [et al.]. - 3. izd. - Beograd :

Univerzitet Singidunum, 2022 (Beograd : Caligraph). - XIII, 307 str. :
ilustr. ; 24 cm
Tiraž 2.000. - Bibliografija: str. 307.
ISBN 978-86-7912-684-9
1.. Веиновић, Младен, 1962- [ауто
a)) Базе подата
COBISS.SR-ID 70522633
© 20.
Sva prava zadržana. Nijedan deo ove publikacije ne može biti reprodukovan u bilo kom vidu i
putem bilo kog medija, u delovima ili celini bez prethodne pismene saglasnosti izdavača.

US - Baze Podataka - 2022 Za Stampu

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

US - Baze Podataka - 2022 Za Stampu

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

81,9(5=,7(76,1*,'8180

Predgovor za novo izdanje.................................................................................... XI

6758.7851$6,67(06.$$1$/,=$ 66$ ...........................................49

6.3.4 6XSHUNOMXþ ...........................................................................................76

8.4.20 64/QDUHGED]DGRSUHPDQMHSRGDWDND- 6(/(&7 ............................147

9.3.4 %R\FH-&RGGQRUPDOQDIRUPD %&1) ...............................................196

10. 75$16$.&,-( .............................................................................................199

11. %$=(32'$7$.$,$3/,.$&,-( ...........................................................207

12. ;0/ , %$=(32'$7$.$ ........................................................................231

12.2.1 )XQNFLMH]DNUHLUDQMH;0/GRNXPHQWD ............................................236

13. 6./$',â7(1-(32'$7$.$ '$7$:$5(+286,1* ....................250

14. 1R64/%3 .......................................................................................................274

14.2 0RWLYLQDVWDQND1R64/'%06 ............................................................274

15. 35,0(5,=$02'(/29$1-( .................................................................292

.QMLJD %D]H SRGDWDND MH QDPHQMHQD VWXGHQWLPD 8QLYHU]LWHWD 6LQJLGXQXP ]D

Slika 1.1: %D]HSRGDWDNDQHNDGDLGDQDV

%D]D SRGDWDND VPHãWHQD X UDþXQDUX SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH QL]RP ELWD RUJDQL]RYDQLK X

NDUDNWHULVWLþQL SDUDPHWUL L] GDWRWHND XVSRVWDYOMHQH PHÿXVREQH YH]H SUDYLOD NRMD VH

Slika 1.2: ,]JOHG+ROlHULWK-RYHEXãHQHNDUWLFHLPDãLQH]DRþLWDYDQMHNDUWLFD

x 7HåDN SULVWXS SRGDFLPD =D SULVWXS L QDMMHGQRVWDYQLMLP SRGDFLPD ELOL VX

DBMS PRåHGDSRGUåL rD]OLþLWHYUVWH baza podataka. Baze podataka VHNODVLILNXMX

%URM NRULVQLND RGUHÿXMH GD OL je baza podataka MHGQR-NRULVQLþND single-user LOL

FHQWUDOL]RYDQDED]DSRGDWDND. Baze podataka koja SRGUåDYDMXSRdatke UDVSRUHÿHQHQD

2GHOMHQMH MH IXQNFLRQDOQD UDGQD MHGLQLFD X RNYLUX RUJDQL]DFLMH 7LSLþQL SULPHUL

1. Enterprise resource planning (53 VLVWHP

8]PLPR ]D SULPHU YHOLNX ]GUDYVWYHQX RUJDQL]DFLMX NRMD XSUDYOMD JUXSRP

,QWHUQHW WHKQRORJLMH VOXåH ]D RODNãDYDQMH GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND L LQIRUPDFLMD 1D

9HüLQDSULPHUDNRMLVXQDYHGHQLSULND]XMXBusiness-to-Customer %& veze. Kada

.RPSDQLMH VX JRGLQDPD YUãLOH UD]PHQX LQIRUPDFLMD SXWHP HOHNWURQVNH UD]PHQH

Kao što jHSUHWKRGQRSRPHQXWRPQRJHRUJDQL]DFLMHVXNRULVWLOH,QWHUQHWWHKQRORJLMX

,PHLSUH]LPH -0%* 6WSURJUDP *RGLQDXSLVD

Slika 2.2: *UDILþNLSULND]SRGDWDNDL]%3- LQIRUPDFLMDRXSLVX

Slika 2.3: 2EUDGRPSULNXSOMHQLKSRGDWDNDQDVWDMHLQIRUPDFLMD

2.3 0(7$32'$&,- 32'$&,232'$&,0$ 0(7$'$7$

Slika 2.4: 3ULPHUPHWDSRGDWDND

6LVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDND '%06- Data Base Management System

Program X Program Y Program Z

DBMS – Data Base Management System

Baza podataka – podaci na disku

Slika 2.5: '%06MHLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMD NRULVQLND L]DSLVDED]HSRGDWDNDQDGLVNX

'%06MHXYHGHQNDRLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXNRULVQLND NRULVQLþNLKSURJUDPDDSOLNDFLMD L

Program X Program Y Program Z

Datoteka 1 Datoteka 2 Datoteka 3 Datoteka 4 Datoteka 5

Datoteke – podaci na disku

Slika 3.1: .ODVLþDQVLVWHPREUDGHSRGDWDND]DVQRYDQQDSURJUDPVNLPMH]LFLPDLGDWRWHNDPD

'D EL REMDVQLOL RVQRYQH NDUDNWHULVWLNH VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD GDWRWHNDPD

Slika 3.2: .ODVLþQDREUDGDSRGDWDND]DVQRYDQDQDVLVWHPXGDWRWHND

ReduGDQVD SRGDWDND .DNR VH X SULND]DQRP VLVWHPX SURFHVL RGYLMDMX QH]DYLVQR

2JUDQLþHQRVW GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND .RULãüHQMHP NODVLþQRJ VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD

Dugo vreme za razvoj: 6DNODVLþQLPVLVWHPRP]DVQRYDQRPQDGDWRWHNDPDSRVWRML

Student Baza podataka

Slika 3.3: %ORNãHPDLQIRUPDFLRQRJVLVWHPD]DVQRYDQRJQDED]DPDSRGDWDND

o 3UHWSRVWDYOMDMXüL GD VX ED]D SRGDWDND L VYH SURSUDWQH DSOLNDFLMH YHü

8 SUHWKRGQRP GHOX WHNVWD QDYHGHQR MH QHNROLNR JODYQLK SRWHQFLMDOQLK SUHGQRVWL

x 7URãNRYL L VORåHQRVW LQVWDOLUDQMD XSUDYOMDQMD L UDGD VLVWHPD VD ED]DPD

x 7URãNRYLSULODJRÿDYDQMD NRQYHUWRYDQMD SRGDWDND

IQIRUPDFLRQL VLVWHPL SRMHGLQLK ILUPL RPRJXüDYDMX XSUDYOMDQMH SRGDFLPD NRML VX

Entitet Entitet Entitet

Slika 4.1: 5HDODQVYHWLQMHJRYPRGHO

,GHQWLILNRYDWL REMHNWH QMLKRYH RVRELQH L RGQRVH ]QDþL SUDNWLþQR L]JUDGLWL PRGHO

Slika 4.2: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD

Slika 4.3: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD1

Slika 4.4: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHWLSD01

Aplikativni Korisnik za Aplikativni

6758.7851$6,67(06.$$1$/,=$66$ ...........................................49

9.3.4 %R\FH-&RGGQRUPDOQDIRUPD%&1) ...............................................196

12. ;0/,%$=(32'$7$.$ ........................................................................231

13. 6./$',â7(1-(32'$7$.$'$7$:$5(+286,1*....................250

%D]D SRGDWDND VPHãWHQD X UDþXQDUX SUHGVWDYOMHQD MH QL]RP ELWD RUJDQL]RYDQLK X

NDUDNWHULVWLþQL SDUDPHWUL L] GDWRWHND XVSRVWDYOMHQH PHÿXVREQH YH]H SUDYLOD NRMD VH

x 7HåDN SULVWXS SRGDFLPD =D SULVWXS L QDMMHGQRVWDYQLMLP SRGDFLPD ELOL VX

2GHOMHQMH MH IXQNFLRQDOQD UDGQD MHGLQLFD X RNYLUX RUJDQL]DFLMH 7LSLþQL SULPHUL

1. Enterprise resource planning (53VLVWHP

,QWHUQHW WHKQRORJLMH VOXåH ]D RODNãDYDQMH GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND L LQIRUPDFLMD 1D

9HüLQDSULPHUDNRMLVXQDYHGHQLSULND]XMXBusiness-to-Customer %&veze. Kada

,PHLSUH]LPH -0%* 6WSURJUDP *RGLQDXSLVD

2.3 0(7$32'$&,- 32'$&,232'$&,0$0(7$'$7$

6LVWHP]DXSUDYOMDQMHED]DPDSRGDWDND'%06- Data Base Management System

Slika 2.5: '%06MHLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXDSOLNDFLMDNRULVQLNDL]DSLVDED]HSRGDWDNDQDGLVNX

'%06MHXYHGHQNDRLQWHUIHMVL]PHÿXNRULVQLNDNRULVQLþNLKSURJUDPDDSOLNDFLMDL

'D EL REMDVQLOL RVQRYQH NDUDNWHULVWLNH VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD GDWRWHNDPD

ReduGDQVD SRGDWDND .DNR VH X SULND]DQRP VLVWHPX SURFHVL RGYLMDMX QH]DYLVQR

2JUDQLþHQRVW GHOMHQMD SRGDWDND .RULãüHQMHP NODVLþQRJ VLVWHPD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD

x 7URãNRYL L VORåHQRVW LQVWDOLUDQMD XSUDYOMDQMD L UDGD VLVWHPD VD ED]DPD

x 7URãNRYLSULODJRÿDYDQMDNRQYHUWRYDQMDSRGDWDND

,GHQWLILNRYDWL REMHNWH QMLKRYH RVRELQH L RGQRVH ]QDþL SUDNWLþQR L]JUDGLWL PRGHO

Slika 4.2: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD

Slika 4.3: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHHQWLWHWD1

Slika 4.4: 3UHVOLNDYDQMHWLSD01

Pravilo roditelj – QDVOHGQLNRPRJXüDYDSULVWXSSRGDFLPD'DELVHGRãORGRWDEHOH

6YDND UHODFLMD WDEHOD VH LGHQWLILNXMH MHGLQVWYHQLP LPHQRP 5HGRVOHG DWULEXWD X

2EMHNWQR RUMHQWLVDQL '%06-RYL RPRJXüDYDMX þXYDQMH REMHNDWD GLUHNWQR EH]

4.3.1 'LMDJUDPLREMHNWL-YH]H'29

'LMDJUDP REMHNWL-YH]H '29 1MH JUDILþND SUH]HQWDFLMD SRYH]DQLK HQWLWHWD L

8'73GLMDJUDPLPDWRNRYDSRGDWDNDNRMLVXDQDOL]LUDQLXSUHWKRGQRPSRJODYOMX

1DSULPHUXR]QDþDYDQMDREMHNDWDSlika 4.11QDUXGåEHQLFD MHSULND]DQDNDRMDND

$WULEXWLVXRVRELQHVYRMVWYDHQWLWHWD$WULEXWSRGUD]XPHYDLPHLYUHGQRVWVYRMVWYD

x -HGDQSUHPDMHGDQ- QDSULPHUMHGQDXSODWDGREDYOMDþX VHYUãLSRWDþQR

4.3.5 3URãLUHQLPRGHOREMHNWLYH]H3029

Slika 4.16: *HQHUDOL]DFLMDVSHFLMDOL]DFLMD

objekta-YH]D 2EMHNWL NRML þLQH DJUHJDFLMX VH QD]LYDMX NRPSRQHQWDPD DJUHJDFLMH

Slika 4.17: $JUHJDFLMDGHNRPSR]LFLMD

1DQDUHGQRMVOLFLSUHGVWDYOMHQMHSULPHU'29Slika 4.183ULPRGHORYDQMX'29

(OHPHQWLVWUXNWXUHSROMDVXDWULEXWLREMHNDWD$NRMHHOHPHQWXJQMHåGHQDVWUXNWXUD

RVQRYQLK IXQNFLRQDOQRVWL D ]DWLP VH GRJUDÿXMH L SULODJRÿDYD SRWUHEDPD NRQNUHWQLK

5D]YRM SRVORYQLK VLVWHPD SUHGVWDYOMD FLNOLþDQ iterativno inkrementalan SURFHV

'LMDJUDPL IXQNFLRQDOQH GHNRPSR]LFLMH VH MRã QD]LYDMX SUHPD VYRP WYRUFX

1DSULPHUSlika 5.5RUJDQL]DFLMHWUJRYLQHNRMHVHEDYHSURGDMRPUREXVQHUREH

5.2 ',-$*5$0,72.29$32'$7$.$'73

Interfejsi SUHGVWDYOMDMXHQWLWHWHREMHNWHL]UHDOQRJVYHWDNRMLRNUXåXMHVLVWHP7R

8 WRNX SURFHVD GHNRPSRQRYDQMD UDGL SUHJOHGQRVWL GLMDJUDPD MHGDQ LQWHUIHMV VH

3URFHVLVHR]QDþDYDMXNUXJRPLOLHOLSVRPXNRMLVHXQRVLQD]LYSURFHVDSlika 5.9