Cultural Management Assignment

1. Culture: are the characteristics, knowledge, shared set of values, ideas and rules of
behaviour of a group of people that are passed down from generation to generation that
includes codes of manners, dress, rituals, language, traditions, civilisation, standards, art,
social habits, beliefs, ethics, food and music.

If one person thinks something or behaves a certain way, that is not culture–it is a personal
habit. But if most of the people in a society, do it, then it is culture.

Culture is a shared patterns of behaviours and interactions, constructs and understanding

that are learned by socialization.

Socialization: refers to culture as something we are not born with or in our genetics, instead,
we learn it from interacting, observing and socializing with family and others.

Thus, it can be seen as the growth of a group identity fostered by social patterns that are
unique to the group.

Group Identity: represents people or give information about them which makes them
unique.

2. Anthropology: is the study of human societies, biological and physiological characteristics,

cultures and their development.

Cultural Anthropology: a branch of anthropology and is the science that seeks to understand
how and why people’s cultures would differ, how and why they might share similarities

In short, it is the comparative study of cultural differences and similarities found throughout
the world.

It should be distinguished from the term “anthropologist”, as it refers to the person that
studies the science of anthropology by doing researches.

3. Culture diffusion: original Definition

the spread of one culture's practices, beliefs, food, and music. This spread can be among
members of the same culture or to completely different cultures around the world. Cultural
diffusion is why many cultures around the world share similarities.

4. Participant observation: refers to a feature of an anthropologist which uses a research

method about cultures where the researcher or the anthropologist observes, interacts,
 participate and share everyday activities of the local people while eating, working, playing,
conversing, interacting, dancing and exchanging goods.

 Explain how culture universal do exist:

Cultural Universals exist as all societies have shared knowledge, practices, beliefs and rituals
that are transmitted socially.

Then continue with original definition

 Culture is learned:

While we are not born with a particular culture, we are born with the capacity to learn any
culture. Through the process of enculturation, we learn to become members of our group
both directly, through instruction from our parents and peers, and indirectly by observing
and imitating those around us.

We can learn our culture by being taught–like in school or when our parents tell us how to
think and behave. We can also learn our culture by absorbing it from family, friends, and the
media. Culture tells us what to do and how to live. For example, everyone needs to eat. But
what kind of food we eat and how we eat it is something learned from culture.

Then Original Definition

 Reasons to hire anthropologists in organizations

 Anthropologists apply their skills to understanding organizational culture and improving

work processes and productivity, Studying the "insides" of an organisation improves its
streamlined processes, healthier work environments, increased creativity, and happier and
more productive employees. Through applying anthropological methods in a business
context in order to get a deep understanding of what drives the clients or employees in their
behaviour and opinions.
  Reasons

- Observe your company’s environment, including employees and customers

- Determine how the business’s various elements work together

- Talk to employees and customers to understand their perspectives

- Pay attention to how your business appears from the outside and see what it’s like to work there

- Use participant observation to gather valuable data

- Determine what the organization must do to create optimal employee and customer relationships

- A cultural anthropologist may conduct employee surveys to gain deeper insights into the company
culture.

 Benefits of hiring them:

1. Knowing and understanding consumers’ thoughts and actions while making purchasing
decisions helps you develop effective marketing strategies.
2. Highlighting essential company details, such as, habits, policies and procedures within a
company.
3. Tailoring products to your target audience for their specific needs to boost profits and
customer loyalty, hence increasing positive business performance and gain a
competitive advantage.
4. Corporate anthropology can help you uncover new marketing strategies for your
business, find new ways to reach your target audience and boost customer loyalty.

Plus Original Definition