Electrostatic Induction

-A normal uncharged piece of matter has equal numbers of positive and negative electric
charges.

-In electrically conductive objects such as metals, some of the electrons are able to move
freely about in the object.

-When a charged object is brought near an uncharged, electrically conducting object, such as

a piece of metal, the force of the nearby charge due to Coulomb's law causes a separation of
these internal charges.

-This results in a region of negative charge on the object nearest to the external charge, and a
region of positive charge on the part away from it. These are called induced charges.
 Mechanism of Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Contact Force

Two atoms get close to each other

Both repel each other

Due to increase of overlap electron cloud

Electron transfer occurs from CNT to ITO or vice versa

Separation of (-) & (+) charges

Creates their own electric field

Induced charges built up

There can never be static concentration charge in conductive materials

So, the charges need to be transferred

 Spin Coating

 CNT mix with Ethanol (low boiling point organic solvent).

 Some suggest to coat with silane-based self-assembled monolayer (ASM) to promote
adhesion.
 Spin cycle has to be repeated several times until a continuous homogeneous CNT film
is obtained.
 There is no spin coating machine available in IIUM.
 Solutions: Find motor and attach to rotatable stage.

Spray Coating

Vacuum Filtration Technique

Ink-jet Printing Technique

Langmuir-Blodgett Technique

Electrodes

 The device still needs electrode as electrical conductor used to make contact with a
non-metallic part of a circuit.
 Silver Nanowires (AgNws).
 However, there is no AgNws to be found in IIUM.
 I-V Characterization

 Infinium Digital Osciloscope like kak Fatin buat.

 Short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage were measured using a current and
voltage preamplifier

How to Select the Right Probe

Selecting electrical test probes requires an analysis of performance specifications. The

attenuation factor is the amount by which the electrical test probe reduces the amplitude of
the signal being measured. This extends the measurement range for an instrument such as an
oscilloscope. For instance, a 10X probe reduces the measured signal to 0.1 of its amplitude,
allowing the test instrument to measure signals ten times larger than what its maximum range
allows. Choices typically include 1X, 10X, 100X, 500X, and 1000X.

Probe Configurations

There are many different configurations for electrical test probes. An alligator clip electrical
test probe has a spring-loaded jaw with serrated teeth that grip the point being measured. A
bent metal electrical test probe has bent metal contacts, relatively fine pieces of metal that are
formed into a curvilinear shape in order to provide a cantilever effect. Normally, the metal
contacts are then insert-molded or stuffed into a nonconductive carrier. A portion of the metal
contact protrudes beneath the carrier for attachment to a printed circuit board (PCB) by
surface mount or through-hole interconnection. A board or chip configuration has a
specialized probe tip that is used to examine signals on PCBs and integrated circuit (IC)
chips. Other configurations include conductive elastomers, extended-fine tip, flat blade, hook,
pin-and-socket, pincher, probe card, spade lug, spring loaded, and wireless.