Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Training
Jay Chien
易富迪科技 / EFD Corporation
http://www.efd.com.tw
LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION TO FloTHERM
T1 > T2 Q = kA(ΔT/Δx)
T1 T2
Heat Flow
Q = hAΔT T1 > T2
Moving Fluid T2
Heat Flow
Surface T1
Q = εσA(Thot4 -Tcold4)
T1 > T2
Surface T1
Surface T2
div V grad S
t
transient + convection – diffusion = Source
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Environment
Rack Level
Level
Project Manager
Solver
CFD Solver
FloVIZ
Post-Process
Command Center
Optimization
The Project Manager is the first window that shows up when FloTHERM
is launched. In this window you can access all settings applied to your
model, including:
Geometry
Material and Thermal properties
Solver and modeling settings
User preferences
The Drawing Board allows you to view and manipulate your geometry,
as well as add new geometry via the Geometry Palette that we will see
later in this presentation.
Tables or
Visual
Editor-
Click on
either
icon to
launch
Profiles
window-
Click on
icon to
launch
• Geometry can be added using the Geometry Palette located in both the
Project Manager and the Drawing Board
Help Resources…
— On-line Help
– Available via the Help button in all FloTHERM
windows
— Support
– Launches the Mentor Graphics support site,
Supportnet.
— Report a Problem On-line
– Brings you directly to a window to submit a
Service Request.
— Submit Enhancement Request
– Brings you to the Mentor Graphics IDEAS
site.
— Mechanical Analysis Community
– Brings you to the Mechanical Analysis window
of the Mentor Graphics Communities.
• Some Definitions:
• Primitive - Fundamental geometric entities in FloTHERM
• SmartPart - Object parametrically created out of Primitives
• Assembly - A group of Primitives, SmartParts and Sub-Assemblies
• Attribute - A property that can be attached to Primitives and
SmartParts (e.g. Material)
chassis
— For the space above the chassis, Min 0.5x
1xheight of chassis
— Around the sides of the chassis, allow y
convection
Solution domain :
200x200x200 mm
MB : 200x1.6x200 mm
FR4
CPU : 25x5x25 mm
Typical QFN
15W
Heatsink base : 60x60x5 mm
Fin number : 15
Fin Height : 25 mm
Fin Width : 1.2 mm
AL 6061
Axial Fan : YSTech
YW06025012BS
Ambient : 45 degC
Abrupt
Transition
No Smoothing Smoothing Activated
High X side
– High constraint max. size
Low X side
of 10 mm over 100 mm.
Inflation Distance = 60 mm
Number of cells = 8
60 mm
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Using Regions to Define Grid
Grid Constraints can be applied to regions
Allows grid to be placed in areas where there are no objects
1. Define Geometry
2. Define Region
3. Attach Grid
Constraint
4. Check Grid
It allows
— Reduction in total number of cells
— Reduction in maximum aspect ratio (better grid quality)
— Allows more grid cells around areas of importance
— Stops very small and fine cells “bleeding” out to rest of the
model
— Solution time is reduced
Unlocalized Localized
Unlocalized Localized
Across a channel:
• 3+ cells for an accurate
heat transfer prediction
• 5+ cells for an accurate
pressure drop prediction
Across a fin:
• 2+ cells in the solid
Minimum 2 cells in
thickness of solids
Localized grid
Smoothing
Traditional
Definition
The point at which
the doubling of the
number of grid
cells causes no
change in the
solution
Engineering Definition
The point at which the
addition of a large
number of grid cells no
longer significantly
affects the solution.
Significant = 5%, 3%
etc
ESC
3. Using to toggle between all three modes.
• Keyboard shortcut to
above modes:
to cursor • “F9” to toggle between
position
• Escape key to toggle
between
To create a particle
source:
2
1. Select an object that
will be used as the
particles origin
2. Select the Create
Particle Source in the
Creation Palette at
the top of the
window. 1
Surface Plots
Wireframe Surface plot
view, or “w”
To save a screenshot,
— Use short cut icon (camera)
— OR, Viewer/Output Snapshot in the menu
— Can be saved as png, bmp or jpg format
5 Different Tabs/Windows
1. Input Variables
2. Graphical Input
3. Output Variables
4. Scenario Table
5. Solution Monitoring
.....
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Input Variables
Double-click the
parameter to vary:
— ‘Use as Input
Variable in
Scenario’ toggled
on
Define the variation
method:
— Ad Hoc
— Linear
— Design Parameter
— Linear Function
Scenario/Reset can be
used to clear all
settings in Command
Center
......
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Output Variables
Define the data of
interest required from the
scenarios
Saves disk space:
— Storing full solution is
possible
Not limited to Monitor
Points
Define cost function
— Required for Response
Surface Optimization
and Sequential
Optimization
.
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Scenario Table
Input Variables
— The value for
each scenario
(column) can be
modified
Solution settings
and current status
of each scenario
Output Variables
— The values will
update as the
scenarios solve
Ready to solve?
Hit GO!
....
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Results – Scenario Table
If the full set of data is
required, a scenario can be
saved as an individual
project;
— Load into Project
Manager
— Required to view results
in Visual Editor
Right-click on the scenario
title (top row of the
column) and choose Save
As
• Heatsink Base
• Fin Number
• Fin Width
STEP
IGES FloMCAD.Bridge
ACIS (SAT)
FloTHERM
SAT
STL
Catia ProE
Solidworks
CTRL-Z
CTRL-Z
FloTHERM Fan
SmartPart ready to
be transferred to the
Project Manager
FloMCAD Bridge
New
Geometry
Toolbar
Show
Library
Resolution Slider
determines patch size
Settings to be used
For single radiating – we only need to
enter “Minimum Area Considered”
— We can use the default value of 0m2
Side area =
of the PCB
— E.g. if PCB is 500x500x1.6mm
— To tolerance out the sides, we enter an
area = 801 mm2
500mm
Convergence Stable
Residual
R e sid u a l
Error
E rro r
Divergence Oscillating
Residual Residual
Error Error
Iteration Iteration
Can be run
independently of the
solver
• Fans
• Inlet/Outlets vents Smoothing
• The Field Error tool is a great way to identify where more grid
should be added
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Error Field Tool
Activate Error Field Storage;
— Set in Solver Control
Error Field Storage saves the error in
each Grid Cell;
— Visual Editor to locate
maximum/minimum error
— Display the grid
– Error field uncovers poor grid
R e sid u a l
E rro r
Ite ra tio n
residual error!
variable Error