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HEALTH
Quarter 2 – Module 4 – Week 4
Health Trends, Issues, and
Concerns in the National Level

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HEALTH
Quarter 2 – Module 4 – Week 4: Health Trends, Issues, and Concerns in the
National Level

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the
work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted
to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Lorevie O. Centino
Editors: Eva Edna Carinan, Joan S. Barallas and Rolando Espiritu 
Reviewers: Maria Teresa P. Borbor
Illustrator: Henny Ray Daet
Layout Artist: Melody P. Borbor

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HEALTH TRENDS, ISSUES, AND CONCERNS IN THE NATIONAL LEVEL

I. Introduction:

Dear Facilitator,

This module gives the learner and the parents/guardians/siblings an opportunity to

learn about the existing health issues and concerns in our country and how are we going to
contribute in the management of this issues as an individual. The lessons require reading
(silently or aloud) to further enhance the reading and comprehension skills of the learner, and
answering exercises. A Pre-Test is given to the Learner for a simple diagnosis about the
lesson. An Answer Key is provided on a separate sheet at the back of this module. Please
make sure to assist the learner in answering the tests and activities honestly to ensure
reliability of gathered information. Furthermore, please remind the learners to use separate
sheets in answering the pre-test, exercises, and post-test, properly labelled.

Dear Learner,
This module will let you experience learning on your own, within the standards of the
Department of Education. The activities were customized so that you will find learning still
fun and accessible even at home. Please follow the instructions given in this module and
please also listen for further instructions from your facilitator. With a little collaboration with
your family, you might also find learning more enjoyable.
Continue to learn and grow! Be Safe!

II. Objective:
WHAT I NEED TO ACHIEVE!

Hello Learner!
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
 Recommend ways of managing health issues, trends, and concerns (H10HC-lle-g-5)

III. Pre-Test:
“I think you are ready Dear Learner, but before we proceed with the lessons let us see first
what you’ve got!”

Instruction: Identify at least 3 health issues/ concerns that has been mentioned on the
previous lessons and what are the corresponding policies addressing to those health
issues/concerns you have identified? And in what way do the policies address the said issue/
concern?

IV. Learning Activities:

LET’S READ!

CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES

Republic Act No. 7394 or the Consumer Act of the Philippines has three objectives
(Galvez Tan, et al., 2009):

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1. Protect the interest of the consumer

2. Promote his/her general welfare
3. Establish standards of conduct for business and industry

To achieve the objectives, the Act aims to protect people against hazards to health
and safety, and deceptive and unfair sales acts and practices. In this light, the policy mandates
for information dissemination and education to facilitate sound choice and proper exercise of
rights by the consumer.

https://www.google.com/search?q=consumer+act+of+the+philippines&sxsrf

The Consumer Act also covers the quality and safety of different products like food,
drugs, cosmetics, and devices. The policy also promotes the protection of citizens against
hazardous substances that may be in sale. Hence, proper labelling and fair packaging shall
be required for all the products being sold.
Aside from health information and products, health services also play an important role
in appraising and improving the well-being of a person. Health services, which are also
covered under the Consumer Act, are also availed by consumers. One form of health service
is complementary and alternative medicine.

TRADITIONAL AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ACT

https://www.google.com/search?q=traditional+and+alternative+medicine+act&tbm

In connection with the Consumer Act, Republic Act 8423 or the Traditional and
Alternative Medicine Act of 1997 (TAMA) provides for the improvement of quality and
delivery of healthcare services in the country through the development of traditional and
alternative healthcare and its integration into the national healthcare system.
The policy also identifies medicinal plants in the country which are readily available.
These medicinal plants shall be given care by different agencies. In order to coordinate various
activities and programs in the traditional and alternative healthcare delivery system, the Act
provisions the establishment of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative
Healthcare (PITAHC) to accelerate the development of the said healthcare in the country.

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Practice Task #1:

Answer the questions below.
1. As a consumer what are some of the common issues have you encountered?
2. What are the steps that you took to resolve those issues?
3. If you were given a chance to manage or resolve those issues or concerns you have
encountered what would it be?

GREAT JOB LEARNER!!

“Seems like you’re good at thinking and creating of new ways in managing issues we’re
facing.”

Let’s proceed to our next topic. 

RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

Another pressing health issue that concerns you as an adolescent is reproductive

health. “Reproductive health is defined as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in
all matters relating to the reproductive system, at all stages of life” (Galvez Tan, et al., 2009).
With the sudden physical and emotional changes in your body, more and more questions are
starting to surface. Reproductive health is crucial for it paves the way for your social and
economic development. Furthermore, it has also a great influence in the health of the next
generation. The health of new-born children will be dependent on the health of the parents,
particularly the mother. To aid the reproductive health needs of the citizens, the government
mandated the RA 10354 or most commonly known as the Responsible Parenthood and
Reproductive Health Act.

https://www.google.com/search?q=reproductive+health&sxsrf

Reproductive health also concerns problems such as sexually-transmitted infections.

According to Dr. Natividad (2013), in the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study of 2013
(YAFS-4), a survey of Filipino college and high school graduates, 36.2 percent and 43.5
percent respectively admitted to having engaged in premarital sex. In addition 66.7 percent
and 79.6 percent did not use any protection at first premarital sex. These scenarios are most
often the causes of infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or AIDS is caused by human immunodeficiency

virus (HIV) which usually does not have symptoms in its early stages. “Initially, people with
HIV were diagnosed as having AIDS only when they developed blood infections, the cancer
known as Kaposi’s sarcoma, or any of the 21 other indicator diseases” (Donatelle, 2006). In
addition, HIV is highly infectious through unprotected sexual intercourse, breastfeeding (of an
infected mother to infant), and blood transfusion/injecting drugs (needles used for infected
patients). Currently, there are several treatment options for HIV and AIDS, but no known cure
yet.

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https://www.google.com/search?q=hiv%2Faids%20symptoms&tbm
https://www.google.com/search?q=hiv+aids&sxsrf

PHILIPPINE AIDS PREVENTION AN CONTROL ACT

The Republic Act No. 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998
was passed by the Congress on July 28, 1997. The Act promulgates “policies and prescribing
measures for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines, instituting a nationwide
HIV/AIDS information and educational program, establishing a comprehensive HIV/AIDS
monitoring system, strengthening the Philippine National AIDS Council, and for other
purposes” (PNAC). The Act also provides for education and information dissemination in
various institutions and agencies, safe practice and procedures (testing, screening, and
counselling) in health organizations and associations, monitoring of cases with confidentiality,
and programs for anti-discriminatory acts (in the workplace, hospitals, and other public
institutions).

Practice Task #2:

Instruction: Look for 2 medical health workers or anyone working in the medical field and ask
them for their opinion on how to manage to these two health issues/concerns. Place their
answer on the table below.

Note:
Remember to strictly follow the safety measures and protocols when going outside. Wear your
mask at all times and observe physical distancing. Be safe!

Reproductive Health HIV/ AIDS

1.

2.

WAY TO GO LEARNER!
Good job in Interviewing!

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Let’s go on to the next topic

SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE

Gateway drugs may be considered as windows to unprotected sex. These are drugs
“that people use initially that may eventually lead to the abuse of illegal drugs” (Galvez Tan,
et al., 2009). Alcohol and tobacco are gateway drugs. When alcohol is consumed, the central
nervous system is affected. Thus, a person is more vulnerable to doing dangerous acts
because of depressed decision-making skills.

On the other hand, the government also provides protection from these gateway drugs
through the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act and the Tobacco Regulation Act. Republic
Act No. 9165 or the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 protects citizens from
the harmful effects of dangerous drugs to their physical and mental well-being.

https://www.google.com/search?q=drugs+and+tobacco&sxsrf

TOBACCO REGULATION ACT

On the other hand, Republic Act No. 9211 or the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003
protects people from the sale, use, and advertisements of hazardous tobacco products. In
order to promote a healthful environment, the Act absolutely bans smoking in public places,
most especially in centers of youth activities, elevators and stairwells, fire-hazardous places,
within public and private hospitals and medical clinics, airport and other terminals, and food
preparation areas. In this light, a designated smoking and non-smoking area should be
utilized.

The Act also restricts access to sale of tobacco products to minors. Tobacco may not
be put in a vending machine, unless it verifies age, and may not be sold within 100 meters of
a school. Should tobacco be sold, there should be proper signage that indicates target
consumers.

When it comes to advertising and promotions, the Act provisions the printing of
warnings on cigarette packs in either Filipino or English. In addition, health warnings should
also be included.

Lastly, the government should provide programs and projects for those who shall be
affected by the passing of the Act. One example of which are the tobacco growers. The Act
provisions the establishment of a cooperative and assistance program for the said people.

Practice Task #3:

Let’s show off our artistic skills this time!
Instruction: Make a poster that will serve as a warning on the negative effects of drugs, alcohol
and tobacco.

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Your Artwork will be graded based on this Criteria:

Relevance to the topic – 15 points
Artistry/Creativity – 10 points
Total – 25 points

NICE ARTWORK!

V. Post Test:

It seems like you have learned a lot Dear Learner!

Now, let’s check your understanding through this paper and pencil test:

Instruction: In each of the boxes write the name of the policy and provide at least four (4) ways
on how does this manage the health issues and concerns it is addressing.

 Consumer Act
 Traditional and Alternative Medicines Act
 Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act
 Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act
 Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
 Tobacco Regulation Act

Policy: ______________________________ Policy: ______________________________

 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________

Policy: ______________________________ Policy: ______________________________

 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________
 _____________________________  _____________________________

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ANSWER KEY

Pre-test:
Identify at least 3 health issues/ concerns that has been mentioned on the previous lessons
and what are the corresponding policies addressing to those health issues/concerns you have
identified? And in what way do the policies address the said issue/ concern?

Possible response:
Substance Use and Abuse. The government addresses it through the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, wherein this law focuses on the control and prevention of the
use and trade of illegal drugs. It subjects unlawful acts related to illegal drugs to penalties and
fines.
(Reference/s: Physical Education and Health, Grade 10 Learner’s Material, pg. 243)

Practice Task #1:

Answer the questions below.
1. As a consumer what are some of the common issues have you encountered?
2. What are the steps that you took to resolve those issues?
3. If you were given a chance to manage or resolve those issues or concerns you have
encountered what would it be?

Possible Response:
1. Receiving an expired food product
2. Went back to the store bringing the product and the receipt and asked the store owner
for the product to be replaced
3. If I were to manage or resolve the issue I would give what the customer is requesting
and on the next time I would have my products be checked regularly if it’s still in good
condition and if it is hasn’t expired yet
(Reference/s: Physical Education and Health, Grade 10 Learner’s Material, pages 236-237)

Practice Task #2:

Instruction: Look for 2 medical health workers or anyone working in the medical field and ask
them for their opinion on how to manage to these two health issues/concerns. Place their
answer on the table below.

Possible response:

Reproductive Health HIV/ AIDS

1. Continuous education, awareness Continuous education, awareness raising

raising and information dissemination and information dissemination regarding the
regarding the reproductive health and HIV/ AIDS
the “Responsible Parenthood and
Reproductive Health Act”

(Reference/s: Physical Education and Health, Grade 10 Learner’s Material, pages 238-240)

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VI. Post Test:

Instruction: In each of the boxes write the name of the policy and provide at least four (4) ways
on how does this manage the health issues and concerns it is addressing.

Policy: Tobacco Regulation Act

 Bans smoking in public places, most especially in centers of youth activities,
elevators, and stairwells, fire hazardous places, within the public and privates
hospitals and medical clinics, terminal, and food preparation areas.
 Restricts access to sale of tobacco products to minors
 Provisions the printing of warnings on cigarette packs in either Filipino or English
 Tobacco may not be put in a vending machine, unless it verifies age, and may
not be sold within 100 meters of a school

(Reference/s: Physical Education and Health, Grade 10 Learner’s Material, page 244)

References:
 Grade 10 Health Quarter 2 Learner’s Material 238-244

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10
HEALTH
Quarter 2 – Module 4 – Week 4
Health Trends, Issues, and
Concerns in the National Level

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We encourage
teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

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