9

TLE-IA-SMAW
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES IN
FLAT POSITION (1F)
TLE-IA-SMAW – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES IN FLAT POSITION (1F)
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: BB Boy Michael Jaydawn E. Que
Editors: Reynald M. Manzano, Jesusa D. Paladar, Jayson C. Solamillo
Reviewers: Dennis S. Calinao, Gemuel C. Ibero, Howel Jay M. Caluyo, Alden B. Deguit,
Reynald M. Manzano, Jesusa D. Paladar, Jayson C. Solamillo
Typesetter: Enrey P. Alam-alam
Layout Artist: Enrey P. Alam-alam
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar, Ed. D., TM Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D.
Antonio B. Baguio Jr., Ed.D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
 9

TLE-IA-SMAW
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES
IN FLAT POSITION (1F)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TLE-IA-SMAW (Grade 9) Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Weld Carbon Steel Plates in Flat Position (1F)!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to TLE-IA-SMAW (Grade 9) Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on Weld Carbon Steel in Flat Position (1F)!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
What I Know
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

iii
 This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

Shielded Metal Arc welding (SMAW) NC-I is a short TESDA course in the
Philippines that will train you in welding carbon steel plates components as specified
by layout, blueprints, diagrams, work order, welding procedure or oral instructions
using SMAW welding equipment.

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC-I takes a minimum of 268 hours to
complete.

Welding cannot always be done in the most desirable position. Welding is often
done on structures in the position in which they are found and in the position in
which the part will be used. Often that may be on the ceiling, in the corner, or on the
floor. Techniques have been developed to allow welding in any position. Some welding
processes have all-position capabilities, while others may be used in only one or two
positions.

All welding can be classified according to the position of the workpiece or the
position of the welded joint on the plates or sections being welded.

The American Welding Society has defined the four basic welding positions basically:
(1) Flat position (2) Horizontal position (3) Vertical position and (4) Overhead position.

This module is divided into two lessons, namely;

LO 1. WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES IN FLAT POSITION (1F)
1.1 Perform stringer or layered beads in accordance with the welding
standards.
1.2 Observe uniformity of bead, ripples in accordance with welding standards.

The module covers the Introduction/Learning Objectives, Pre-assessment,

Lesson Proper, Generalization, Application, Post Assessment, and Additional Activity
(optional).

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify Fillet weld measurements, Leg length, and Fillet weld Sizes.
2. Can perform effective joining method and therefore considerably more
abundant in the welding industry.
3. Appreciate the importance of the joining method in the welding society.

1
 What I Know

Identification

Instruction: Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers.

_____________ 1. A type of weld that has a roughly triangular cross section. Typically
requires less joint preparation than a groove weld, making it a very
cost-effective joining method and therefore considerably more
abundant in the welding industry.
_____________ 2. Refers to the process of joining two pieces of a project by
overlapping them.
____________ 3. Are used to weld two plates or section whose surface are located
approximately 90 degrees to each other.
____________ 4. The two metal parts being welded form an ‘L’ shape. This is most
common in the construction of boxes and box frames.

____________ 5. This type of welding is performed from the upper side of the joint. The
face of the weld is approximately horizontal.

Lesson WELD CARBON STEEL

1 PLATES IN FLAT POSITION
(1F)
We know the fact that skill is one of the demands here in our country as well as in
abroad. One of the important positions in SMAW that students must possess is what
we call flat position(1F). As we go deeper on the topics of SMAW, we encounter the
different positions in welding.

What’s In

In the previous topic in SMAW, we have learned the kinds of electrodes and its uses,
how the scratching and tapping of electrode and creating beads of the electrode. Now
to be competent in the field of Welding, we must know the position of welding in
specially the flat positions (1F).

2
 What’s New

Nowadays, SMAW is one of the demand skilled in the country and in global as
skilled workers. We can learn the basic positions in SMAW, one of this is Fillet
weld.

What Is It

What is Fillet Weld?

A fillet weld is type of weld that has a roughly triangular cross section. A fillet
weld typically requires less joint preparation than a groove weld, making it a very
cost-effective joining method and therefore considerably more abundant in the
welding industry.
A fillet weld can be made with many
different welding processes. Gas metal arc
welding, gas tungsten arc welding and
shielded metal arc welding are popular
welding processes used to make fillet welds.
A fillet weld can be subdivided into
different types. These types include tee joints
and lap joints; some variations of corner
joints may also be considered fillet welds.

Parts of the Fillet Weld in 1F Position

There are 5 pieces to each fillet weld known as the

root, toe, face, leg and throat. The root of the weld is the
part of deepest penetration which is the opposite angle
of the hypotenuse. The toes of the weld are essentially
the edges or the points of the hypotenuse. The face of the
weld is the outer visual or hypotenuse that you see when
looking at a fillet weld. The legs are the opposite
and adjacent sides to the triangular fillet weld. The leg
length is usually designated as the size of the weld. The
throat of the weld is the distance from the center of the
face to the root of the weld. Typically, the depth of the
throat should be at least as thick as the thickness of
metal you are welding.

3
 Fillet Weld Legs Determine Size and Throat of Fillet Welds

In heavy machinery, ships, and

buildings, extensive frameworks and
intricate angles may be composed of many
kilometers of welded joints. Among them,
fillet welds are used to join corners, Tee
joints and lap joints because they are more
economical than groove welds. That is, fillet
welded joints are simple to prepare from the
standpoint of edge preparation and fit-up.
The strength of a fillet weld is based,
in the design, on the product (effective area
of the weld: T x W) of the theoretical throat
(design throat thickness) and effective weld
length. Fillet weld legs determine fillet weld sizes. Fillet weld sizes are measured by
the length of the legs of the largest right triangle that may be inscribed within the
fillet weld cross section.

Types of Fillet Weld

Fig.1 Fillet weld measurements: L: Leg length, S: Fillet weld Size, T: Theoretical
throat, V: Convexity, C: Concavity, W: Effective weld length

A fillet weld that has excessive convexity or concavity.

Main Cause:
Convex weld – may cause when welding amperage is low or slow electrode
manipulation.

Concave weld – may cause when you apply too fast electrode manipulation and too
high welding amperage.

4
Tee fillet weld

For a fillet weld, hold the electrode at a 45-degree angle or less to the weld.
Lean the electrode 10 degrees to 30 degrees in the direction of the weld. Use a short
arc and move at a steady speed. For upright sections weld both sides. When
necessary for strength add a second layer (remove slag before adding another layer).
Move the electrode using a circular motion.

Single layer Fillet Weld

When welding a lap joint the electrode should be held at a 30-degree angle or
less. Use one or two weld passes as needed. Before the second pass remove any slag.

Stringer or layered Beads

This is a straightforward bead in which you either "drag" (pull) or push the
torch across the joint with minimal (if any) side-to-side movement. Dragging means
the electrode is pointed back towards the puddle, leading it. This enables maximum
penetration and a robust-looking weld.
Generally speaking, torch manipulation is much the same whether you're
feeding the weld pool with a separate filler rod, or using a wire feed or stick electrode.

In this module you will learn more about preparing tools, equipment and
materials for smooth welding process. It is here to help you understand more about
Shielded Metal Arc Welding. The scope of this module permits it’s to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course.

5
Stringer beads

Are generally not very wide and can be

used in any welding position. Even though
you're moving in a straight line, it's still
important to make sure you get "tie in" with
the toe of the weld on either side. Remember,
the object of welding is not just to fill a joint
with new metal. It's critical to get fusion
between the weld and the base metal.
Sometimes, moving the torch along slowly
enough so the weld puddle flows over both
sides of the joint is all it takes to achieve good
fusion. Other times a slight side-to-side manipulation is necessary, as illustrated
below:

Again, the side-to-side manipulation is

slight. If you move too far from side to side,
you'd have a weave bead. (See below.) Stringer
beads are also used in hard facing, a
surfacing operation that helps extend the life
of scoops, fenders, plows and other exterior
metal parts on industrial equipment. Here the
beads are not meant to fuse with the base
metal, however, but to create a protective
surface over it.

Weave Beads

For wider welds, you can weave from

side to side along a joint. For a fat joint,
weaving is the fastest way to knock off a
welding assignment. This is especially true
in the case of groove welds on thick stock.
Weaves are also common on fillet welds.

There are different types of weaves,

of course, and every welder has his or her
favorite. Your hand can perform a zig-zag,
crescent or curly cue technique. Besides allowing a wider bead, weaving is used to
control heat in the weld puddle. Besides that, you'll usually want to pause on each
side of the weld to achieve good tie in and prevent undercutting of the edges. When
you move across the center of the joint, however, you'll want to hurry. Otherwise you
may end up with a high crown (i.e. a bulge in the middle). It's better to have a flat or
just slightly convex weld face when you weave.

6
 A triangle weave is useful when you need to fill a steep pocket. In vertical-up
welding, for instance, this weave technique allows you to build a sort of shelf behind
the puddle, which keeps the molten metal from sliding downward.

Uneven weld layered beads

Definition: Abrupt changes in the profiles of weld bead.
Main causes:

1. To low or high welding amperage or voltage’

2. Inappropriate electrode manipulation. (Irregular too fast or too low)
3. Too much moisture or coatings (SMAW) or fluxes.
4. Too much flux burden height.
Preventive measures:
1. Use proper welding amperage or voltage.
2. Manipulate electrodes at appropriate speed.
3. Re-dry coatings and fluxes.
4. Use a proper flux burden height.

Like sewing up a seam, there are several ways to run a weld bead along a joint.
Yet unlike tailors, welders frequently need to perform their work in an awkward
position. Gravity also plays a role in how molten metal gets deposited between
metal plates or pipe sections. If you're welding overhead, for instance, you've
got to move fast or the weld metal will end up on your face shield, rather than
in the joint. After preparing a joint for welding, selecting the appropriate rod (if
stick welding) and choosing the right machine settings, a welder must use a
certain kind of hand stroke (and the right speed) to get the bead down properly.

What is a weld bead?

A bead weld or weld bead is the result of a welding pass that deposits filler
material. Welding is a process that combines multiple pieces of metal by heating and
softening them. With bead welding, a filler material is inserted in the space between
the two materials. When the metal filler material cools, a strong bond is formed
between the two surfaces.

The bead welding technique is a basic welding technique involving the drawing
of a filler material across the welding surface. As with all welding techniques, bead
welding requires exercising proper safety techniques and wearing safety attire. At a
bare minimum, welding gloves should always be worn, in addition to proper eye
protection.

Basic Technique of Arc Welding

Arc welding is the process of joining two metal workpieces together using a
flux covered electrode which is melted in an electric arc and becomes a fused part of
the pieces being welded. Arc welding requires time, effort and patience to master as
the weld rod position is very delicate to the position of the workpiece. The following
is a simple guide to learn the basic technique of arc welding.

7
 There are 4 basic steps to perform an arc welding

1. Strike the arc - This is the process of creating an electric arc between the
electrode and the workpiece.
2. Moving the arc to create a bead - The bead is the metal from the melting
electrode flowing together with molten metal from the base metal to fill the space
between the pieces being joined by welding.
3. Shape the weld bead -This is done by weaving the arc back and forth across the
weld path either in a zig zag or figure 8 motion so the metal spreads to the width
that you want your finished weld bead to be.
4. Chip and brush the weld between passes - Each time you complete a pass, or
trip from one end to the other of your weld, you need to remove the slag, or the
melted electrode flux material, from the surface of the weld bead so only clean
molten metal will be filling the weld on the subsequent passes.

Basis elements to improve the uniformity of the weld beads

Prepare
While stick welding may be the most forgiving process on dirty or rusty metal,
don’t use that as an excuse for not properly cleaning the material. Use a wire brush
or grinder to remove dirt, grime or rust from the area to be welded. Ignoring these
steps hurt your chances to make a good weld the first time. Unclean conditions can
lead to cracking, porosity, lack of fusion or inclusions. While you’re at it, make sure
you have a clean spot for the work clamp. A good, solid electrical connection is
important to maintain arc quality.

CLAMS
Bringing all the CLAMS points (current setting, length of arc, angle of electrode,
manipulation of the electrode, and speed of travel) together may seem like a lot to
think about while welding, but it becomes second nature with practice. Don’t get
discouraged! There is a learning curve with stick welding, which many believe got its
name because when learning how to weld, everyone sticks the electrode to the
workpiece.

8
1. Current setting: The electrode you select
will determine whether your machine
should be set up in DC positive, DC
negative or AC. Make sure you have it set
correctly for your application. The correct
amperage setting primarily depends on
the diameter and type of electrode you
select.

Take note: If your amperage is too low, your

electrode will be especially sticky when
striking an arc, your arc will keep going out
while maintaining the correct arc length or
the arc will stutter.

2. Length of arc - The correct arc length

varies with each electrode and
application. As a good starting point, arc
length should not exceed the diameter of
the metal portion (core) of the electrode.
For example, a 1/8-inch 6011 electrode is
held about 1/8 inch off the base material.

Take note: The optimal arc length, or

distance between electrode and puddle, is
the same as the diameter of the electrode (the
actual metal part within the flux
covering). Holding the electrode too closely to
the joint decreases welding voltage, which
creates an erratic arc that may extinguish
itself or cause the electrode to freeze faster
and produces a weld bead with a high crown.

9
3. Angle of travel: Stick welding in the
flat, horizontal and overhead positions
uses a drag or backhand welding
technique. Hold the electrode
perpendicular to the joint, and then tilt
the top in the direction of travel
approximately 5 to 15 degrees. For
welding vertical up, use a push or
forehand technique and tilt the top of
the electrode 0 to 15 degrees away from
the direction of travel.

Take note: When welding from left to right, maintain a 0 to 15-degree angle tilted
towards the direction of travel. This is known as the drag or backhand technique.
4. Manipulation of electrode: Each
welder manipulates the electrode a
little differently. Develop your own
style by observing others, practicing
and noting which techniques produce
the best results. Note that on material
1/4 inch and thinner, weaving the
electrode is typically not needed
because the bead will be wider than
necessary. In many instances a
straight bead is all that’s needed.

5. Speed of travel: Your travel speed

should allow you to keep the arc in the
leading one-third of the weld pool.

Take note: Traveling too slowly produces

a wide, convex bead with shallow
penetration and the possibility of cold-
lapping, where the weld appears to be
simply sitting on the surface of the
material.

10
Weld ripples

Ripples can be defined as welding defect as any deviation in size and shape of
the given metal structure in regards to technical and design requirements. The
deviation can be caused by process limitation in terms of wrong welding
process/technique or due to certain human behavior. Welds with that ripple effect
are not generally preferred, except in certain circumstances when used for aesthetic
purposes. The ripples are an artefact of the welding process, and are more
pronounced in some welding processes than others, and also, in some materials than
others.

Some defects found in the Shielded metal arc welding.

A. Spatters - Spatter occurs when metal

particles from the weld is stuck on the
area adjacent to the weld area. This defect
is common in metal arc welding and it is
sometimes very hard to remove the
particles.

Causes of Spatter:
1. Running on very high amperage can
cause spatter.
2. Use of incorrect polarity.
3. Irregular wire feeding.
4. Contamination of the weld surface
5. This defect can also result from improper gas shielding.
6. Positioning the electrode at a very steep angle.

Remedies:
1. Eliminate any feeding issues.
2. Use the right polarity as per weld requirements.
3. Adjust the amperage settings.
4. Clean up the surface before you do any welding.
5. Use proper gas shielding.
6. Increase the plate angle according to the condition of the welding.
A. Arc strikes –This is a defect caused by
instantaneously striking an arc on
the base material. In other words, an arc
strike is a spot of failed arc ignition which
was not fused by subsequent welding and
remained on the base material. Arc strike
may be the cause of cracking in the base
material. A similar defect may occur
when large spatter particles adhere
and remain on the surface.

11
 There are two general methods of striking the arc:

1. The scratching method - is easier for

beginners and when using an AC machine.
The electrode is moved across the plate
inclined at an angle, as you would strike a
match. As the electrode scratches the plate
an arc is struck. When the arc has formed,
withdraw the electrode momentarily to form
an excessively long arc, then return to
normal arc length.

2. Tapping method - the electrode is moved

downward to the base metal in a vertical
direction. As soon as it touches the metal it
is withdrawn momentarily to form an
excessively long arc, then returned to
normal arc length.

B. Slag – is a product of steel making process.

Produced during the separation of the
molten steel from impurities in steel-
making furnaces. The slag occurs as a
molten liquid melt and is a complex
solution of silicates and oxides that
solidifies upon cooling.

C. Misaligned weld bead - This defect occurs

when the bead meanders and deviates from
the weld line. Possible causes include the
wave or curl in the automatically supplied
weld wire not being corrected properly or the
directions of the weld line and wire curl
being at right angles to each other. This
defect may also occur when the settings of
the wire supply speed and welding current
do not match.

12
 What’s More

I. Multiple Choice

Instruction: Select the correct answer listed in the box, and write your answer on
your notebook.

Weave Beads Stringer Beads Single Layer Fillet Weld

Tee fillet weld Concave weld Convex weld

Fillet weld Tapping method Arc welding

Arc strike Shape the weld bead Current setting

Spatters Misaligned weld bead Slag

The scratching method Manipulation of electrode Angle of travel
_____________ 1. This defect occurs when the bead meanders and deviates from
Speed of travel
the weld line. Length of arc Ripples

______________ 2. It is a product of steel making process. Produced during the

separation of the molten steel from impurities in steel-making
furnaces.

______________ 3. The electrode is moved downward to the base metal in a vertical

direction.
_______________ 4. Is easier for beginners and when using an AC machine. The
electrode is moved across the plate inclined at an angle, as you
would strike a match.
_______________ 5. This is a defect caused by instantaneously striking an arc on
the base material. In other words, an arc strike is a spot of failed
arc ignition which was not fused by subsequent welding and
remained on the base material. Arc strike may be the cause of
cracking in the base material.

______________ 6. Occurs when metal particles from the weld is stuck on the area
adjacent to the weld area.

_______________ 7. Your travel speed should allow you to keep the arc in the leading
one-third of the weld pool.
______________ 8. Each welder manipulates the electrode a little differently. Develop
your own style by observing others, practicing and noting which
techniques produce the best results.
________________ 9. Stick welding in the flat, horizontal and overhead positions uses
a drag or backhand welding technique.

13
________________ 10. The correct arc length varies with each electrode and
application.
________________ 11. The electrode you select will determine whether your machine
should be set up in DC positive, DC negative or AC.
________________ 12. This is done by weaving the arc back and forth across the weld
path either in a zig zag or figure 8 motion so the metal spreads
to the width that you want your finished weld bead to be.

________________ 13. It is the process of joining two metal workpieces together using
a flux covered electrode which is melted in an electric arc and
becomes a fused part of the pieces being welded.

________________ 14. Are generally not very wide and can be used in any welding
position. Even though you're moving in a straight line, it's still
important to make sure you get "tie in" with the toe of the weld
on either side.
________________ 15. When welding a lap joint the electrode should be held at a 30-
degree angle or less. Use one or two weld passes as needed.
Before the second pass remove any slag.
________________ 16. May cause when you apply too fast electrode manipulation and
too high welding amperage.

________________ 17. May cause when welding amperage is low or slow electrode
manipulation.

________________ 18. Is type of weld that has a roughly triangular cross section.
Typically requires less joint preparation than a groove weld,
making it a very cost-effective joining method and therefore
considerably more abundant in the welding industry.

________________ 19. For wider welds, you can weave from side to side along a joint.
For a fat joint, weaving is the fastest way to knock off a welding
assignment.

_______________ 20. Defined as welding defect as any deviation in size and shape of
the given metal structure in regards to technical and design
requirements. The deviation can be caused by process limitation
in terms of wrong welding process/technique or due to certain
human behavior.

14
 What I Have Learned

Shielded metal arc welding ensures higher productivity, quality, profitability,

and finish. Welding processes have improved many sectors, and their advantages
have made welding/fabrication a growing industry. However, quality and safety
standards have to be maintained at all times, hand in hand with regular
maintenance. Industrial welding is in increasingly high demand, and as it is a
specialized process the need for superlative industrial welding firms has never been
higher.

Skills is not the only thing needed in SMAW, we also need to follow
construction company rules and regulations to avoid problems and unnecessary
expenses. By following rules and regulations, you protect the company from lawsuits.
It makes a stable environment where people feel safe to come to work and to be
themselves. The result is less turnover, more teamwork and higher company morale.

Directions: Read each statement or question below carefully and fill in the blank(s)
with the correct answer. Answers may be more than one word. Write it on your
notebook.

1. To minimize the congestion of ____________ a good welder must use the right
polarity as per weld requirements.

2. To low or high welding amperage or voltage may cause __________________.

3. Fillet weld sizes are measured by the ________________ of the legs of the largest
right triangle that may be inscribed within the fillet weld cross section.

4. Use a __________________ to remove dirt, grime or rust from the area to be

welded.

5. Welds with that _____________ effect are not generally preferred, except in
certain circumstances when used for aesthetic purposes.

15
 What I Can Do

Identification

Instruction: Identify the different parts of the fillet weld. (5pts. Each)

2
.
3

Assessment

Instruction: Enumerate the causes and remedies of welding process.

1. Uneven weld layered beads.

Main causes: Preventive measures:

__________________________
____________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
____________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________

16
2. Causes of Spatters:
Causes:
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
17
Remedies:
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
References
Book Reference:
Reynaldo G. Castillo and Lino Santelices, Learning Module on Shielded Metal Arc
Work SMAW (Exploratory Course in Technology and Livelihood Education, Grade 7
and Grade 8), 8-23.

Internet References:
https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-45.html
http://www.minaprem.com/machining/cutter/introduction/what-is-a-cutting-
tool-examples-classification-and-materials/
https://benjenkinsmaterialsprocesses.weebly.com/driving-tools.html

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net

18