Cluster Development Initiative LTD., Tripura Industrial Development Corporation TRIPURA (PDFDrive)

ILFS- Cluster Development Initiative Ltd.
,
Tripura Industrial Development Corporation
TRIPURA
PROPOSED 500 KLD

COMMON EFFLEUNT TREATMENT PLANT (CETP)
AT RUBBER PARK,
BODHJUNGNAGAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, TIDC
TRIPURA
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
(EIA)
STUDY REPORT
OF
500 KLD COMMON EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT
RUBBER PARK
BODHJUNGNAGAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
TRIPURA
TRIPURA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED

AGARTALA, TRIPURA
SUBMITTED TO
SEAC, TRIPURA
Report Prepared By
ENVIROCON
PCB- ASSAM Recognised & ISO: 9001 Certified Environmental Laboratory
Digboi Stores Building, New Market
Digboi, Assam- 786171
Report Validated By
ECO CHEM SALES & SERVICES
QCI – NABET Accredited EIA Consultant Organization
Office Floor, Asoka Pavilion- A
Opp. Kapadia Health Club
New Civil Road
Surat- 395001
ECO CHEM SALES & SERVICE
Ref. No.: ECSS/DV-EIA/TIDC/01/2-2016

Date : 25.02.2016
To,
The Director,
Industrial Project Committee
Ministry of Environment and Forest,
Paryavaran Bhavan,
CGP Complex, Lodhi Road,
New Delhi – 110 003.
Sub : Validation of EIA Report prepared by M/s. ENVIROCON for proposed 500 KL
CETP of TIDC
Dear Sir,
We would like to inform you that we are accredited by QCI – NABET as EIA
Consultancy Organization and accredited for 17 industrial sectors including Common
Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP). We enclose herewith copy of our accreditation letter.
Office Floor, Ashoka Pavillion-A, Opp. Kapadia Health Club, New Civil Road, Surat-395 001
We hereby confirm that we have vetted the EIA report on proposed CETP of 500 KL by
M/s. Envirocon, located at the Rubber Industrial Park of Bodhjungnagar Industrial
Estate in Tripura and confirm that the EIA Report has been as per the generic structure
and meeting the requirements of EIA guidelines as set out by MoEFCC.
Email: eco@ecoshripad.com Website: www.ecosystemindia.com
We have gone through the report in depth and verified the technical data. The report is
adequate and found it satisfactory.
Telefax: +91-0261-2231630-2236223-2233075-6545050
Thanking you,
Yours truly,
FOR ECO CHEM SALES & SERVICES
REKHA SHAH
(Chief Executive Officer)
Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS
INDEX NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

TABLE OF CONTENTS i - iii
CHAPTER- 1: PROJECT INTRODUCTION 1–7
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS 1
1.2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 1
1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT 2
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT 3
1.4.1 CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT 3
1.5 SCOPE OF WORK 5
1.6 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT 6
CHAPTER- 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION 8 – 18
2.1 ABOUT BODHJUNGNAGAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE 8
2.2 ABOUT THE CETP 8
2.2.1 CONNECTIVITY OF THE CETP 8
2.2.2 SURROUNDING INDUSTRIES 9
2.3 PROCESS DETAILS OF THE PROJECT 9
2.3.1 PRIMARY TREATMENT 9
2.3.2 SECONDARY TREATMENT 9
2.3.3 TERTIARY TREATMENT 10
2.3.4 SLUDGE TREATMENT 11
2.3.5 DESIGN & LAYOUT OF THE CETP 12
2.3.6 COMPONENTS OF THE CETP 14
2.4 STATUTORY NORMS FOR CETP 15
2.5 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND IT’S DISPOSAL 17
2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT & WATER BALANCE 17
2.7 TRAFFIC ARRANGEMENT FOR EFFLUENT CARRYING TANKERS 17
2.8 COST OF THE PROJECT 17
2.9 MAJOR ASPECTS OF MITIGATION MEASURES OF THE PROJECT 17
CHAPTER-3: THE ENVIRONMENT 19 – 51
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 19
3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 19
3.2.1 RECONNAISSANCE 19
3.2.2 DESIGN OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK 20
3.2.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SURVEY 20
3.2.4 MICROMETEROLOGY 22
3.2.5 PRESENT STATUS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 23
3.2.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 24
3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 25
3.3.1 WATER QUALITY SCENARIO 25
3.3.2 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROTOCOL 25
3.3.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 26
3.3.4 RESULTS & SUMMARY 29
3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 30
3.4.1 METHODOLOGY 30
3.4.2 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS 30
3.4.3 RESULTS & SUMMARY 31
i
3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 32
3.5.1
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS- PRESENT SCENARIO 32
3.5.2
TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 34
3.5.3
LAND USE & LAND COVER 35
3.5.4
CROPPING PATTERN 35
3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 35
3.6.1 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT- TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOLOGY 35
3.6.2 METHODOLOGY 36
3.6.3 TERRESTRIAL FLORA & FAUNA 36
3.6.4 AQUATIC ECOLOGY 41
3.6.5 QUALITATIVE STUDY OF AQUATIC FLORA & FAUNA 41
3.6.6 FISH FAUNA 43
3.7 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 43
3.7.1 PRESENT STATUS 44
CHAPTER- 4: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 52 – 58
4.1 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 52
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 52
4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 52
4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE 53
4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 54
4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 54
4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 55
4.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 56
4.7 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 57
CHAPTER- 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 59
5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 59
5.2 SITE SELECTION 59
5.3 TREATMENT SCHEME 59
CHAPTER- 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 60 – 65
6.1 INTRODUCTION 60
6.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 60
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS TO BE MONITORED 60
6.3.1 AREAS OF CONCERN 61
6.3.2 MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM 62
6.3.3 SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND UTILIZATION 62
6.3.4 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 62
6.3.5 HOUSE KEEPING 62
6.3.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 63
6.3.7 SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 63
6.3.8 EFFLUENT QUALITY 63
6.3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 63
6.4 MONITORING PARAMETERS & FREQUENCY 63
ii
6.5 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES 64
6.6 PROGRESS MONITORING AND REPORTING ARRANGEMENTS 64
6.7 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 65
6.8 LABORATORY FACILITIES 65
6.9 DOCUMENTATION & RECORDS 65
6.10 BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULE 65
CHAPTER- 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES 66 – 68
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 66
7.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STORAGE OF CHEMICALS 66
7.3 POWER FAILURE/ LOAD SHEDDING 66
7.4 HEALTH & SAFETY MEASURES 67
7.5 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM 68
7.6 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 68
7.7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BY WORKERS 68
CHAPTER- 8: PROJECT BENEFITS 69 – 70
8.1 PROJECT BENEFITS 69
CHAPTER- 9: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 71 – 78
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 71
9.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 71
9.3 SIGNIFICANCE & FEATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 72
9.3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT 72
9.3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 74
9.3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT 74
9.3.4 WATER & WASTE WATER ENVIRONMENT 74
9.3.5 SOLID WASTE ENVIRONMENT 75
9.3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 75
9.3.7 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 75
9.3.8 ODOUR MANAGEMENT 76
9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 77
9.4.1 RESPONSIBILITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 77
CHAPTER- 10: CONCLUSION 79
CONCLUSION 79
ANNEXURES 80 - 86
iii
CHAPTER-1
PROJECT
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER- 1: PROJECT INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Tripura, one of the North Eastern States situated in the North- Eastern Region of India lies
approximately between latitude 22o 56' and 24o 32' N and longitude 91o10' and 92o21' E. The
state is bordered by Bangladesh on the West, South and the North, by Assam on the North-East
and by Mizoram on the East. Tripura is comprised of 8 districts, 23 subdivisions and 45
development blocks. It has a geographical area of 10,491 sq.km. After Assam, Tripura has the
highest population in the North East. As per the 2011 census, the population of Tripura is 3.67
million. The State is considered to be one of the Bio-diversity rich states in the country.
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS
The Government of Tripura is developing Tripura Industrial Rubber Park in Bodhjungnagar for the
growth of rubber based industries in Tripura, located on a 50 Acres Plot. TIDC's Rubber Industrial
Park is located in West Tripura 6 km from NH-44 and 12 Km north-east of Agartala City and
covers an area of around 240 acres. This is being developed by Tripura Industrial Development
Corporation (TIDC) and the Rubber Board under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, promoted
under the ASIDE Scheme. ILFS CDI has been appointed as an implementation agency for the
project. Out of 50 acres of land, 35 acres will be distributed as industrial units & 15 acres will be
utilized for developing common infrastructure. The growth center is equipped with basic
common physical infrastructure and facilities to enable the interested entrepreneurs to set up
business operations.
M/s ILFS- Cluster Development Initiative Ltd. is planning to install a Common Effluent Treatment
Plant (CETP) to primarily serve the rubber processing units located in the Rubber Park of
Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate in Tripura, for management of industrial effluents and to protect
ecology from deterioration. The CETP is proposed to treat 500 KL of industrial effluents per day.
1.2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND
Industrialization in Tripura has suffered in the past because of many constrains such as severe
transport constrain for the state’s geographical location, limited market size within the north-
east region, additional transportation cost for carrying raw material and finished products in
addition to lack of infrastructure.
In the past decade the problems have been compensated by transportation subsidy and other
suitable incentives; major thrust on basic infrastructure in terms of road and power. The
industrial infrastructure is also being developed by Industries & Commerce (I&C) Department and
Tripura Industrial Development Corporation (TIDC), enhancing thereby availability of developed
industrial areas and sector-specific industrial parks.
1
LIST OF PRESENT INDUSTRIAL ESTATES IN THE STATE OF TRIPURA
Area
Sl. No. Name of Industrial Area Location
(in Acres)
Arundhutinagar,
1 Arundhutinagar Industrial Estate 9.39
Tripura West
Badarghat,
2 Badarghat Industrial Estate 20.32
Tripura West
Dukli,
3 Dukli Industrial Estate 37.50
Tripura West
Bodhjungnagar,
4 Bodhjungnagar Growth Centre 238.53
Tripura West
Bodhjungnagar,
5 Bodhjungnagar Export Promotion Industrial Park 123.20
Tripura West
Bodhjungnagar,
6 Food Processing Technology Park 25.00
Tripura West
Kumarghat,
7 Kumarghat Industrial Estate 45.66
Tripura North
Dharmanagar,
8 Dharmanagar Industrial Estate 5.00
Tripura North
Dewanpassa Integrated Infrastructure Dev. Dewanpassa,
9 45.00
Centre Tripura North
Dhajnagar,
10 Dhajnagar Industrial Estate 18.79
Tripura South
Source: Department of Industries & Commerce, Govt. of Tripura
The Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate (BIE), having an area of 238.53 acres, the largest among all,
has been developed, in Bodhjungnagar Village in Mohanpur Tehsil adjacent to the state capital,
Agartala, on about 550 acres of land with all infrastructure facilities like road, power, water,
pipes natural gas etc. Presently, there is a multi-industry complex at Bodhjungnagar, which
comprises of an Industrial Growth Centre, an EPIP, a Food Park and a Rubber Park.
Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate (BIE) may be classified as Semi rural and composite Industrial
Estate. Tripura Industrial Development Corporation (TIDC), operator of the Bodhjungnagar
Industrial Estate, required to carry-out an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the
proposed Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), being installed at BIE by M/s ILFS- Cluster
Development Initiative Ltd. which would cater primarily to the rubber processing units of the
industrial estate.
1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT
The Tripura Industrial Development Corporation Limited (TIDC), operator of the BIE, was
incorporated in the year 1974 as a Private Limited Company under the company's act 1956.
Subsequently, the provisions of State Financial Corporations Act, 1951 has also been extended to
TIDC. Thus, TIDC is performing the twin role of the State Industrial Development Corporation and
State Financial Corporation. It is a profit making state PSU.
2
TIDC is the nodal agency of the state government for implementation of various industrial
infrastructure projects. TIDC has already implemented Rs. 15 crore Industrial Growth Centre at
Bodhjungnagar. Other projects, viz., Export Promotion Industrial Park, Rubber Park, Food Park
etc have been completed. About Rs 100 crores have been invested for creation of infrastructure.
Additional investment to the tune of Rs. 100 crores has been proposed for further development
of this area.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT
Rapid industrialization is adversely impacting the environment globally. Pollution by

inappropriate management of industrial wastewater is one of the major environmental problems
in India as well, especially with burgeoning small scale industrial sector in the country. To
address the pollution coming out from industries, adoption of cleaner production technologies
and waste minimization initiatives are being encouraged. The Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) Notification S.O. 1533, 2006 and its amendment as on April, 2011, makes it mandatory that
any developmental activity or any new project or expansion or modernization of any existing
project as mentioned in the Schedule of the Notification need prior Environment Clearance from
MoEF in the Central or State level before commencement of construction and operation. Common
Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) are considered as one of the viable solution for small to
medium enterprises for effective wastewater treatment.
M/s ILFS- Cluster Development Initiative Ltd. is planning to install a Common Effluent Treatment
Plant (CETP) to primarily serve the rubber processing units located in the Rubber Park of
Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate in Tripura, for management of industrial effluents and to protect
ecology from deterioration. The CETP is proposed to treat 500 KL of industrial effluents per day.
This EIA report is being submitted for getting environmental clearance for the development of
CETP at Tripura Rubber Park in Bodhjungnagar Industrial Area in West Tripura District of the State
of Tripura. The location of the proposed project site is given in Fig. 1.1.
1.4.1 CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT
All the CETP units are listed at Serial no. 7(h) of the Schedule of EIA Notification of 14- 09-2006
and categorized under Category ‘B’.
3
Bodhjungnagar
Fig. 1.1: Location of the Project
4
1.5 SCOPE OF WORK
In order to assess the likely impacts arising due to setting up and operation of the CETP in
Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate, TIDC retained M/s ENVIROCON, a PCBA-Assam recognised and
ISO:9001 & OHSAS:18001 certified Environmental Consultancy organization to undertake
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies based on Preparation of Environmental Impact
Assessment Study report by incorporating base line data for one season, identification,
prediction and evaluation of impacts due to development of the CETP and delineation of
environmental management plan to mitigate the adverse impacts.
The scope of study comprises collection of present environmental quality data with respect to
major environmental components viz. air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-economic
components along with the parameters of human interest; prediction and evaluation of
significant environmental factors and preparation of an environmental management plan (EMP).
The work to be carried out under each Environmental Component is as given below:
Air Environment
 Existing status of ambient air quality with respect to identified pollutants such as PM 10,
PM 2.5, SO2 and NOx.
 Collection of meteorological data like wind speed, wind direction, humidity etc.
 Prediction & assessment of impacts of air pollutants and suggestions for mitigation
measures.
Noise Environment
 Assessment of noise levels at work places and in residential areas within the study area.
 Identification of mitigation measures for noise abatement.
Water Environment
 Study of water resources within the study area and likely effects due to CETP.
 Identification of wastewater sources and their characterization.
 Assessment of groundwater quality within the study area.
 Identification of mitigation measures for water pollution control.
Land Environment
 Studies on existing land use and cropping pattern in the impact zone through secondary
data sources.
 Collection of soil samples within study area and analyze for physical and chemical
properties etc.
Biological Environment
 Collection of available information on flora and fauna of the study area.
 Assessment of species diversity, density, abundance etc. within study area.
 Identification of suitable native tree species for afforestation.
5
Socio-Economic Environment
 Collection of existing data on human settlement, health status of the community and
existing infrastructure facilities for social welfare through interviewing people of different
age groups and category and infrastructure facilities, economic resources, cultural and
aesthetic attributes etc. as per the requirements under MoEF.
1.6 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT
This EIA report presents the existing baseline scenario and the assessment and evaluation of the
environmental impacts that may rise during the construction and operational phases of the
proposed project. In terms of the EIA Notification of the MoEF dated 14th September 2006 as
amended Dec 2009, the generic structure of the Draft EIA document will be as under:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Introductory information is presented in this Chapter. The introduction provides a

background to the project and describes the objective of this document.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This Chapter includes Project Description of the proposed CETP, construction and
operation phase activities as well as process details of proposed scenario.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This Chapter provides Baseline Environmental Status of Environmental components

(primary data) delineating meteorological details of the project site and surrounding
area.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures
This Chapter presents the analysis of impacts on the environmental and social aspects of
the project as a result of proposed development and thereby suggesting the mitigation
measures.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives
This chapter includes the justification for the selection of the project site from
environmental point of view as well as from economic point of view so that the
technology will be affordable to the SSIs in the industrial area. This Chapter also includes
the selection of appropriate technology for designing the treatment plant in CETP.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program
This chapter will include the technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of
mitigation measures which will include the measurement methodologies, frequency,
location, data analysis, reporting schedules etc.
6
Chapter 7: Additional Studies
This chapter will identify the risks of the Project in relation to the general public and the
surrounding environment during construction and operation of the CETP and thereby
presents Disaster Management Plan.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits
The realization of the project activity is envisaged to impart benefits to the areas in
concern. This Chapter will identify the benefits coming from the project and summarize
them.
Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan
It is the key Chapter of the report and presents the mitigation plan, covers the
institutional and monitoring requirements to implement environmental mitigation
measures and to assess their adequacy during project implementation.
Chapter 10: Conclusion
Final comments and remarks are presented in this Chapter which concludes this study
report.
**********
7
CHAPTER-2
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER- 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 ABOUT BODHJUNGNAGAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
The Bodhjungnagar industrial estate (BIE) is the largest industrial estate of Tripura, with an area
of 238.53 acres. The different types of industries which have been developed within BIE are
Electrical & Electronic, Pharmaceutical, Rubber, Chemical, Rice Mill, Cement, Ispat, Spice, Cold
Storage, Food Processing, Brick kiln, Tobacco, Fertilizer & pesticides, Grill & Steel Fabrication,
Glass, Stone Crusher, Oil & flour mill, Brewery etc. The industries are surrounded by villages;
Shibnagar in the east direction, Laxmilunga in the west, north by Tulabagan, south by kalinagar,
north-east by Barkanthalia, Mohanpur, north-west by Kalkalia, Fatikchara, south-east by
Majlishpur, and south west by Khayerpur, R. K. Nagar & Gandhigram. The villages are within the
10 km radius of Bodhjungar Industrial Estate (BIE).
2.2 ABOUT THE CETP
An area of around 80 acres has been specifically marked as Rubber Park in the BIE. The rubber
park is being developed by TIDC at an approximate cost of Rs. 23 crore with technical and
infrastructural support from the Central Government and the Rubber Board. The proposed 500
KLD Common Effluent Treatment Plant will be treating the waste effluent from the rubber
industries within the BIE. Most of the units are in the mean time equipped with their own waste
treatment devices. But, the complexity of the effluent characters makes it extremely difficult to
meet the statutory standards, even despite the best effort made by the entrepreneurs.
The proposed CETP will be located in the north eastern side of the BIE is having the following co-
ordinates at its four corners-
Points North East

0 0
A 23 53’ 37.5” 091 21’ 42.3”
B 230 53’ 36.4” 0910 21’ 44.3”
C 230 53’ 34.5” 0910 21’ 43.2”
D 230 53’ 35.3” 0910 21’ 41.4”
2.2.1 CONNECTIVITY OF THE CETP

Connectivity of the CETP is as below-
Location Distance
From Airport (Agartala) 23 km
From Agartala City 12 km
From National Highway 5.15 km
From Nearest Railway Station 7 km
8
2.2.2 SURROUNDING INDUSTRIES
The 3 main rubber industries within BIE Rubber Park are Abhishar Buildwell, Brite Rubber and
Agartala Rubber Industries. The production capacity of Abhishar Buildwell and Agartala Rubber
are 455 mt/month and 600 mt/month respectively. The raw materials mostly used, are Scrap
Rubber, Diesel, Rubber Logs, Boric acid powder, Borax, Granular, Copper chrome powder. The
products and by-products of Brite rubber processor producing Indian standard natural rubber
(ISNR) 300 mt/month, Abhishar Buildwell producing heat resistant latex rubber thread (HRLRT)
455 mt/ month, skim crepe 50 mt/month and Agartala rubber producing technically specified
block rubber (TSR) 624 mt/month. Wastewater discharged from latex rubber processing may
contain high level of BOD, COD and suspended solids. All the rubber industries have provided
Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) for treating the wastewater generated from the rubber processing.
2.3 PROCESS DETAILS OF THE PROJECT

The Common Effluent Treatment Plant is designed to treat 500,000 liter per day waste water
generated from rubber processing units. Treatment process consists of Primary, Secondary and
Tertiary Treatment systems.
2.3.1 PRIMARY TREATMENT
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TREATMENT
Effluent from industries comes by gravity/pumping/tanker and is collected in first unit of CETP
i.e., Stilling Chamber. Overflow from here passed through Screen Chamber, where floatable solid
material shall be removed manually with the help of Screen. Overflow from Screen chamber is
sent to Rubber Trap units where floatable rubber shall be skimmed with the help of Rubber
Scraper Mechanism. Overflow from this unit is collected in Equalization Tank and is
homogenized. For mixing of effluents at Equalization tank Air Blower with air purging grid
arrangement is provided. From Equalization Tank effluent is transferred to Flash Mixer Tank
where effluent mixed with different chemical solution for pH adjustment and also for
coagulation. Overflow from Flash Mixer tank shall be fed to the Primary Clarifier for removal of
settleable suspended solids. A Scraper Mechanism is provided to scrape the settled solids and
the settled sludge is sent to Sludge Drying Beds for drying. Clarified effluent shall be further
treated in two stage Aerobic Biological system.
2.3.2 SECONDARY TREATMENT
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT- BIO TOWER SYSTEM (BT)
Biotower - I is designed as a roughening tower for organic matter reduction from the influent.
Biotower is constructed with Civil Columns and beam supports. Biotower is filled with PVC
structured fill media. Overflow from Primary Clarifier is taken in the Bio-tower – I sump. From the
biotower sump effluent feed to the top of the Bio tower with the help of recirculation pumps,
where the media attached micro-organisms will degrade the organic matter as BOD. One part of
the Effluent from recycling line collected at top of the BioTower-II.
9
As per design, self priming non clog, centrifugal, semi open type continuous duty rated
suitable capacity effluent recirculation pumps are provided at BT -I. Recirculation pumps will
recirculate the effluent to meet the necessary wetting rate of plastic media. Part of the effluent
from the recirculation line flows to next unit Bio-tower - II to further remove organic load.
Excess biomass on the Biotower plastic media is automatically removed due to the recirculation
flow. Recirculation pumps are provided at BT -II to recirculate the effluent to meet the necessary
wetting rate of plastic media. Part of the effluent from recirculation line flows to next unit, i.e,
Secondary Settling tank. Tube deck media is provided at SST for faster settling. Settled sludge
from SST shall be sent to Sludge Drying beds for further treatment.
Over flow from Secondary Settling Tank shall be further treated in Aerobic Activated Sludge
Process.
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS SYSTEM (ASP)
Activated Sludge Process (ASP) system comprises of Aeration tank followed by Secondary
Clarifier. In aeration tank, organic load as BOD shall be degraded with the help of cultivated
microbial culture. Constant Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) shall be maintained in definite
proportions at aeration tank by recycling the bio-sludge trapped by the secondary clarifier. Over
flow from SST is collected in Aeration Tank by gravity. At aeration tank, diffused aeration system
shall be provided to supply oxygen to microorganisms. Over flow from Aeration Tank, by
gravity, is collected in Secondary Clarifier where suspended solids (MLSS-Bacterial mass) shall be
settled at bottom with the help of scraper mechanism sludge collected at bottom sludge sump.
Recycling of bio-sludge from Secondary Clarifier will be done by non-clog, centrifugal, semi
open type continuous duty & suitable capacity sludge re-circulation pump. The overflow from
Secondary Clarifier is collected in Chlorine Contact Tank. Sodium hypochlorite solution shall
be dosed in this unit for disinfection of biologically treated effluent.
2.3.3 TERTIARY TREATMENT SYSTEM
The tertiary treatment system consists of Pressure sand filter and Activated Carbon filter. The
sequence is so selected to get the maximum efficiency from each filter.
MULTI GRADE PRESSURE SAND FILTER
The treated effluent is pumped to Multi Grade Pressure Sand Filter to remove suspended
particles, turbidity. Multi grade pressure sand filter is in MSEP with top and bottom dished ends.
Operation of the Multi grade filter is Manual.
10
ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER
The filtered effluent from sand filter is then taken into Activated Carbon Filter to remove the
organics, odor present in the water. Activated Carbon filter is in MSEP construction with top and
bottom dished ends. Operation of the Activated Carbon filter is manual.
ADVANCED MEMBRANE FILTRATION - ULTRA FILTRATION
The filtered water from activated carbon is collected in a UF Feed Tank. The filtered water is
passed through the latest state of the art ultra filtration membranes for the reduction of SDI,
colloidal particles and bacteriological contamination. The UF membranes selected are the unique,
Multi bore Membranes. The pore size of membrane is 0.05 microns and the membrane is
constructed out of Polyether sulphone. UF membranes are designed with a flux of 50 LMH and
the membranes can be operated in Dead End/Cross flow mode. Thus Ultra filtration membranes
would give the desired water quality of treated water.
Ultra filtration system consists of a CIP system namely Sodium Hypochlorite and Hydrochloric
acid dosing systems. This unit consists of in-situ cleaning system namely the hypo and HCl
chemicals.
The process sequence of the UF system consists of Filtration, Forward flush A, Backwash,
Forward flush B.
Forward flush A & B uses the UF feed water for displacing any suspended particles from inside
the fiber. Backwash cycle uses the UF permeate water and it carried out at twice the feed velocity.
UF system is automated system with necessary Instrumentation like turbidity analyzer, Flow
meters etc.
Effluent shall be filtered through ultra filtration membranes to remove turbidity, COD &
Suspended Solids and the final treated water collected in UF product water tank (treated water
tank).
2.3.4 SLUDGE TREATMENT
Sludge from Primary Clarifier, Secondary Settling Tank, Secondary Clarifier shall be collected in
Sludge Drying Bed for natural dewatering and drying. Dewatered and dried sludge cakes shall be
used as good manure or for secured land filling. Backwash reject from PSF, ACF, shall be
collected at SDB for dewatering.
11
2.3.5 DESIGN AND LAYOUT OF CETP
The project site showing layout and design of the proposed CETP is given in Fig. 2.1 & Fig. 2.2
Fig. 2.1: Layout of CETP
12
Fig. 2.2: Design of CETP
13
2.3.6 Components of the CETP
The details of various components of the CETP are given below:
SL. NO. PARTICULARS QUANTITY
1 Stilling Chamber 1 No.

2 Bar Screen Chamber 2 Nos.
3 Rubber Traps 2 Nos.
4 Equalization Tank 1 No.
5 Flash Mixer Tank 1 No.
6 Primary Clarifier 1 No.
7 Bio-Tower-I 1 No.
8 Bio-Tower-II 1 No.
9 Secondary Settling Tank 1 No.
10 Aeration Tank 1 No.
11 Secondary Clarifier 1 No.
12 Chlorine Contact Tank 1 No.
13 UF Feed tank 1 No.
14 Treated Water Tank 1 No.
15 Sludge Drying Beds 8 Nos.
16 Bar Screen 2 Nos.
17 Rubber Trap Mechanism 1 No.
18 Air Blower-I (1W+1Sb) 2 Nos.
19 Air Purging Grid at ET 1 Lot
20 Effluent transfer Pump (1 W + 1Sb) 2 Nos.
21 Flash Mixer 1 No.
22 Chemical Dosing System 3 Nos
23 Primary Clarifier Mechanism 1 No.
24 PC Sludge Removal Pump (1W+1Sb) 2 Nos
25 Biofill Media –for Bio-Towers 1 Lot
26 BT Distribution System 2 Nos
27 BT Recycling Pump (2W+2Sb) 4 Nos
28 Poly Dosing System 1 No.
29 Tube deck Media 1 Lot
30 SST Sludge pump (1W+1Sb) 2 Nos.
31 Nutrient Dosing System 2 Nos.
32 Air Blower –II (2W+1Sb) 3 Nos.
33 Air Diffusers & Purging Grid 1 Lot
34 Secondary Clarifier Mechanism 1 No.
35 Bio-Sludge Recycling Pump (1W + 1Sb) 2 Nos.
36 Chlorine Dosing System 1 No.
37 Filter Feed Pump (1W+1Sb) 2 Nos.
38 Pressure Sand Filter 1 No.
39 Activated Carbon filter 1 No.
40 UF System 1 No.
Control Panel Room cum Chemical Storage cum
41 1 No.
Operators Rooms and Laboratory cum Office room
42 Pumps & Mechanical unit Foundations One Lot.
Puddle pipes, ladders, railing, manholes, piping
43 Lot
supports & cable trenches etc.
14
2.4 STATUTORY NORMS FOR CETP
The MoEF has suggested the norms for the inlet effluent quality of CETP in case of small scale
industries with total discharge upto 25 KLD as in Table 2.1. The MoEF also suggested discharge
standards for treated effluent quality of CETP as in Table 2.2.
Table 2.1: Standards Laid by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India for Common Effluent
Treatment Plants as per Environment Protection Rules, 1986: Inlet Effluent Quality of CETP
A. Primary Treatment
Parameter for Inlet Effluent Quality of CETP Standards (Concentration in mg/l)
pH 5.5-9.0
Temperature oC 45
Oil & grease 20
Phenolic Compounds 5.0
Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N) 50
Cyanide (as N) 2.0
Chromium hexavalent (as Cr+6) 2.0
Chromium (total) (as Cr) 2.0

Copper (as Cu) 3.0
Lead (as Pb) 1.0
Nickel (as Ni) 3.0
Zinc (as Zn) 15
Arsenic (as As) 0.2
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01
Cadmium (as Cd) 1.0
Selenium (as Se) 0.05
Fluoride (as F) 15
Boron (as B) 2.0
Radioactive materials:
Alpha emitters, Hc/ml -7

10
Beta emitters, Hc/ml -8
10
Note:
1. These standards apply to the small scale industries, i.e. total discharge upto 25 KLD/day
2. For each CETP and its constituent units, the State Board will prescribe standards as per the local needs and
conditions; these can be more stringent than those prescribed above. However, in case of clusters of units, the state
Board with the concurrence of CPCB in writing, may prescribe suitable limits.
Source: Guidelines for Management, Operation and Maintenance of Common Effluent Treatment Plants,
CPCB publications, Programme Objective Series: Problems/81/2001-2001 and The gazette of India:
Extraordinary-Part II- Sec.3(i) pp 10 Dt. 27 Feb 1991.
15
Table 2.2: Standards laid by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India for Common
Effluent Treatment Plants as per Environment Protection Rules, 1986: Treated Effluent Quality of Common
Effluent Treatment Plant
[Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature]
Parameters Into Inland Public Sewer On Land for Into Marine

Surface Waters Irrigation Coastal Area
pH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-
30 350 100 9.0
100
BOD (3 days at 270C)
Oil & Grease 10 20 10 20

Temperature Shall not exceed 40 C
0
45 C at the point
0 -- 45 C at the point of
0
in any section of the

of discharge discharge
stream within 15
meters downstream
from the effluent
outlet
Suspended Solids 100 600 200 (a) for process
wastewater- 100
(b) For cooling water
effluent 10 percent
above total
suspended matter of
effluent cooling water
Dissolved Solids 2100 2100 2100 --

(inorganic)
Total residual Chlorine 1.0 -- -- 1.0
Ammonical Nitrogen 50 50 -- 50
(as N)
Free Ammonia as 5.0 -- -- 5.0
NH3,mg/l
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 100 -- -- 100
(as N)
Chemical Oxygen 250 -- -- 250
Demand
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 0.01 -- 0.01
Lead (as Pb) 0.1 1.0 -- 1.0
Cadmium (as Cd) 1.0 1.0 -- 2.0
Total Chromium (as Cr) 2.0 2.0 -- 2.0
Hexavalent Cromium 0.1 2.0 -- 1.0
Copper (as Cu) 3.0 3.0 -- 3.0
Zinc (as Zn) 5.0 15 -- 15
Selenium (as Se) 0.05 0.05 -- 0.05
Nickel (as Ni) 3.0 3.0 -- 5.0
Boron (as B) 2.0 2.0 2.0 --
Percent Sodium, max -- 5.0 60 --
Residual sodium -- -- 5.0 --
carbonate,
Cyanide (asmg/l
CN) 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2
Chloride (as Cl) 1000 1000 600 --
Fluoride (as F) 2.0 15 -- 15
Dissolved Phosphate (as 5.00 -- -- --
P), mg/l, max.
Sulphate (as SO4) 1000 1000 1000 --
Sulphide (as S) 2.8 -- -- 5.0
Pesticides Absent Absent Absent Absent
Phenolic compounds (as 1.0 5.0 -- 5.0
C6H5OH)
Radioactive materials
Note: All efforts should be made to 10-7 10-7
remove colour and unpleasant odour as far 10-8
as possible 10-7
Source: The Gazette of India: Extraordinary-Part i- Sec..3(i)pp11Dt. 27.2.91
16
2.5 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND ITS DISPOSAL
Bio-sludge generated from biological treatment plant, will be used as manures after testing and
meeting with guidelines for manure or otherwise will be sent to Solid Waste Disposal Facility
along with chemical sludge produced during treatment in CETP.
2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT AND WATER BALANCE
The total quantity of water required for CETP will be around 1 KLD which will be provided by
TIDC. The number of working people will be approximately 10. Considering water consumption
of 50 l/d/capita, the domestic water requirement will be 500 LD. Considering some floating
population and the use of some water for the preparation of sensitive dosing chemicals to be
used in the microfiltration and washing of membrane, another 500 Litres may be used per day.
The water required for dust suppression and washing is not included in the water requirement.
The treated effluent will be used for irrigation of green belt, dust suppression and for washing.
Similarly, it is planned to recycle and reuse most of the treated effluent in member industries,
thus saving the freshwater requirement as a whole.
2.7 TRAFFIC ARRANGEMENT FOR EFFLUENT CARRYING TANKERS
a. Total effluent to be carried by Tanker from the rubber industries.
b. For carrying effluent through tankers the proponent proposes to use containers
which are fully closed and having spillage kit to prevent the leakage of Effluents.
c. Driver would be Trained/Educated for the proper traffic management inside the
Project Site.
2.8 COST OF THE PROJECT

Cost of the project is estimated to be Rs. 4.50 Crores.
2.9 MAJOR ASPECTS OF MITIGATION MEASURES OF THE PROJECT
The major issues in common effluent treatment plant are to meet the prescribed standards of
inlet and outlet effluent, and to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD).
To achieve above objectives following mitigation measures will be implemented:
 The individual industries were made to get equipped with their own waste
treatment devices, so that the inlet effluent quality to CETP will meet the prescribed
standards.
17
 Every member industry will monitor the specified parameters of effluent and the
data will be submitted to CETP operator.
 Economical and environmental friendly method of effluent collection system at
member unit’s level.
 Member industries of CETP shall regularly pay their shares towards meeting the
treatment cost and operation and maintenance of CETP.
 Adequate linkages with treatment, storage and disposal facility (TSDF) for disposal of
hazardous waste generated from the facility will be ensured.
 Inlet and outlet effluent standards of the CETP will be complied with irrespective of
the degree of treatment i.e. primary, secondary or tertiary.
 Adequate measures will be taken to control air pollution, noise levels, water pollution,
apart from having proper landscaping and green belt & plantation development.
 Social welfare measures will be undertaken.
 Occupational Health and Safety Plan will be formulated and implemented.
**********
18
CHAPTER-3
THE
ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER- 3: THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Major industrial development projects contribute towards economic growth and improvement in
quality of life. Besides they can also cause many associated effects in the form of natural
resource depletion, environmental pollution and their impacts, health problems etc. The effects
would have concentrated within a limited area depending on the project location and its
surrounding area. To assess the impact of a Common Effluent Treatment Plant, it is required to
have information on existing status of the environment. Thus it is necessary to monitor the
existing level of pollutants in the prevailing area. The preliminary study due to any
proposed/existing developmental project includes reconnaissance; identification of specific
pollutants & measuring their existing levels within the study area. The data required to assess
the status can be collected, analyzed and evaluated through a well designed quality monitoring
network. The status of the existing environment was monitored through field surveys with
respect to different environmental components, viz. air, water, noise, soil, biology and socio-
economic within the impact zone upto 10 km radial distance to access the impacts due to the
proposed project.
The objective of the present study is to assess the environmental impacts due to the proposed
Common Effluent Treatment Plant at the Rubber Park in the existing Bodhjungnagar Industrial
Growth Centre. In this EIA study, the present scenario of the environmental quality has been
monitored during Winter (Dec. 2014 - Feb, 2015) for all the above environmental components.
3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
To establish the present status of the existing air pollutants in the study region, monitoring
stations were selected around 10 km radius, keeping the CETP at centre covering all existing and
proposed industrial activities around the CETP. This status would serve as the basis upon which
the air pollution impacts from the existing scenario could be found out around the CETP.
Micrometeorological data collection is an indispensable component of any air quality assessment
study. The meteorological data collected is used for selection of monitoring stations for ambient
air quality survey, proper interpretation of the present status and to simulate the meteorological
conditions for prediction of environmental impacts.
3.2.1 RECONNAISSANCE
The proposed CETP is about 12 km away from Agartala city and 23 km from Agartala Airport.
The surrounding impact zone of 10 km radial distance is about 12.8 -15 m above the mean sea
level. Rural villages are situated within the study area and the villages are medially populated.
19
Within the study area, several brick kilns, stone crushers were observed in the vicinity of some
places. In a 10 km radial area keeping the CETP at centre, the ambient air quality monitoring
stations were chosen depending upon their importance and prevailing meteorological conditions.
Wind direction / speed were recorded to demarcate possible zones of maximum concentrations
of air pollutants.
3.2.2 DESIGN OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK
The following criteria were taken into account while designing the ambient air quality monitoring
network:
1. Topography of the study area
2. Representation of regional background
3. Populated and sensitive areas
4. Prediction of maximum ground level concentrations and distances of their likely
occurrence as per climatologically normal
5. Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in downwind direction
6. Upwind zone
7. Crosswind zone
8. Accessibility, electricity connection and willingness of premises owner
3.2.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SURVEY
The main objective of ambient air quality survey within 10 km radial distance around the CETP is
to establish the present scenario of the air quality in the project area. The selected list of
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations is given in Table 3.2.1. At all the AAQM locations High
Volume Air Samplers (HVAS) and Fine Particulate Samplers were installed for continuous
sampling of air on 24 hourly basis. The monitoring was carried out for the identified parameters,
Respirable Particulate Matter (PM 10), Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) &
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2).
The instruments and analytical techniques used for air quality monitoring are given in Tables
3.2.2 and 3.2.3 respectively.
Table 3.2.1: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
AAQM Station Location Distance from Site
Air Station I CETP Project Site 0
Air Station II R. K. Nagar 2.5 km
Air Station III Laxmilunga 6.0 km
Air Station IV Tulabagan 4.6 km
Air Station V Shibnagar 7.0 km
20
Table 3.2.2: Instruments/Equipments used for Sampling & Analysis
Sl. No. Name of Instrument Make Parameters
1 High Volume Sampler Envirotech PM 10
2 Fine Particulate Sampler Eco Tech PM 2.5
3 Electronic Balance Denver PM 10, PM 2.5
4 Spectrophotometer Systronics SO2 , NO2
Table 3.2.3: Analytical Techniques of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Analysis Minimum
Sl. No. Parameter Technique
Protocol Detectable Limit
High Volume Sampling
1 PM10 IS-5182 & CPCB 5 µg/ m3
(Gravimetric Method)
Fine Particulate Sampling
2 PM 2.5 IS-5182 & CPCB 2 µg/ m3
(Gravimetric Method)
Improved West and Gaeke
3 Sulphur dioxide IS-5182 & CPCB 6 µg/ m3
Method
Modified Jacob & Hochheiser
4 Nitrogen dioxide IS-5182 & CPCB 3 µg/ m3
Method
DESCRIPTION OF THE AAQM LOCATIONS
 Air Station II (R. K. Nagar): This sampling station is situated towards south-west
direction from the CETP site at about 2.5 km distance. This sampling site represents a
rural residential environment with good vegetative cover. Samplers were placed on top
of a residential building at about 3.5 meter height from ground level and free from
obstructions. Mostly gas and wood are used for cooking purpose. Less vehicular
movement is found here. Residential activities prevail surrounding the sampling site.
 Air Station III (Laxmilunga): This sampling station is located at about 6 km distance
towards west from the CETP site. The sampling location represents rural residential
environmental settings. The samplers were placed on top of a residential building at
about 5.5 meter height from ground level and free from obstructions. Domestic
activities and moderate vehicular movements may also be considered contributing
factors. People mostly use gas and wood as cooking fuel.
 Air Station IV (Tulabagan): This sampling station is situated towards north from
CETP site at about 4.6 km distance. The samplers were installed on top of a club
house at about 3 meter height from ground level. Residential and commercial
activities prevail surrounding the sampling site with village road passing by this site.
People mostly use gas and wood as cooking fuel.
21
 Air Station V (Shibnagar): This selected location is at about 7 km away from the CETP
site towards east direction. This sampling site is an interior village area covered with
good vegetation. Samplers were placed on top of a stationary shop at about 3 meter
height. Mostly wood is used for cooking fuel. Dust in air may be from cattle
movements through village roads and domestic activities.
3.2.4 MICROMETEOROLOGY
With an objective of determining the prevailing micro-meteorological conditions during the study
period, winter (December 2014 - February 2015) micrometeorological data on wind speed, wind
direction, temperature and relative humidity were collected. Wind rose on 24 hourly basis is
drawn for the study period i.e winter and is shown in Fig. 3.2.1.
Agartala city has a humid subtropical climate with rainfall all around the year. Its temperature in
summer varies from 34OC to 22OC and in winter it varies between 33OC and 8OC. It has a rainy
season from June to August. Summer starts from March and lasts up to July. The winds from
North- West sector were observed to be predominant with an average speed of 0.97 m/s during
the winter season.
Fig. 3.2.1: Windrose Diagram during Winter at Agartala
22
3.2.5 PRESENT STATUS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
To quantify the impact of the project on the ambient air quality, it is necessary at first to evaluate
the existing ambient air quality of the area. The existing ambient air quality, in terms of
Particulate Matter - 10 (PM10), Particulate Matter- 2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur-dioxide (SO2) & Oxides of
Nitrogen (as NO2) has been measured through a planned field monitoring.
The location of AAQ stations were finalized with the help of source inventory and meteorological
data. Monitoring stations located in downwind direction where maximum / significant ground
level concentrations are anticipated as well as in upwind and crosswind directions. The main
sources of air pollution in the study area are Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate, few Small Scale
Industries like brick kilns, vehicular traffic, re-suspension of road dust, dust arising from
unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning, biomass burning (specially in winter) etc.
The statistical interpretation of observed air quality data for 5 locations in winter are reported in
Tables 3.2.4. 98th percentile values of Ambient Air Quality Parameters (PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NO2)
for winter season are given in Table 3.2.5.
METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF PARTICULATE MATTER, SO2 & NOX
Method for measurement of Particulate Matter (PM10) in ambient air is done by Cyclonic Flow
Technique. Particles with aerodynamic diameter less than the cut-point of the inlet are collected
by a filter. Ambient air at the monitoring location is sucked through a cyclone. Coarse and non-
reparable dust is separated from the air stream by centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles
and these particles fall through the cyclone's conical hopper and get collected in the sampling
cap placed at the bottom. The fine dust (<10 microns) forming the particulate matter (PM10)
passes the cyclone and is retained on the filter paper The mass of these particles is determined
by the difference in filter weights prior to and after sampling. The concentration of PM10 in the
designated size range is calculated by dividing the weight gain of the filter by the volume of air
sampled. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to provide suction for sampling
air through a set of impingers for containing absorbing solutions for SO2 and NOx. Samples of
gases are drawn at a flow rate of 0.2 liters per minute. For PM2.5 Eco Tech Fine Dust sampler
was used. This system is a manual method for sampling fine particles (PM2.5 fraction) and is
based on Impactor designs standardized by USEPA for ambient air quality monitoring.
PM 2.5 & PM 10 have been estimated by gravimetric method. Improved West and Gaeke method
(IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2 and Modified Jacobs- Hochheiser
method (IS-5182 part-VI, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of NOX.
23
3.2.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
During the Winter study period, the average concentrations of PM10 and PM 2.5 were found in
the range of 100-158 µg/m3 and 33-76 µg/m3 respectively at outside of the Industrial Estate
and 58 µg/m3 and 46 µg/m3 respectively, near the CETP project site. The average
concentrations of gaseous parameters SO2 & NO2 were observed in the range of 7-9 µg/m3 and
15-69 µg/m3 respectively around the CETP and 7 µg/m3 & 11 µg/m3 near the project site.
The 98th percentile values of PM10 and PM 2.5 ranges between 107-176 µg/m3 and 46-83
μg/m3 respectively outside the BIE and 68 µg/m3 and 52 μg/m3 respectively near the project
site. The 98th percentile values of SO2 & NO2 were found in the range of 9-13 µg/m3 & 16-80
µg/m3 respectively outside the industrial area whereas 9 µg/m3 and 12 µg/m3 respectively near
the project area.
Table 3.2.4: Ambient Air Quality Status in the Study Area (Winter 2014-15)
Unit: µg/m3
Avg + SD
(Range)
Sl. No. Station Name
PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2
58+7 46+4 7+1 11+1
1 Project Site
(53-68) (42-53) (6-9) (9-12)
148+18 76+5 9+3 16+5
2 R. K. Nagar
(116-166) (71-83) (6-13) (10-22)
158+16 69+9 8+3 15+2
3 Laxmilunga
(137-177) (58-81) (5-13) (12-16)
104+3 44+2 7+2 18+8
4 Tulabagan
(100-107) (40-46) (5-9) (8-30)
100+28 33+18 8+3 69+8
5 Shibnagar
(64-136) (9-56) (5-11) (57-81)
Avg: 24 hrs. for PM 10, Pm 2.5, SO2 & NO2
Table 3.2.5: 98th Percentile of Ambient Air Quality Parameters (Winter 2014-15)
Unit: µg/m3
Sl. No. Station Name PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2
1 Project Site 68 52 9 12
2 R. K. Nagar 166 83 13 22
3 Laxmilunga 176 81 13 16
4 Tulabagan 107 46 9 30
5 Shibnagar 134 55 11 80
24
98th percentile values of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NO2 when compared with the stipulated standards
of CPCB shows that the values of PM10 and PM 2.5 of all sampling sites except the CETP project
site exceed the CPCB standard. However the values of other pollutants are within standards. The
practice of traditional Jhoom farming which is performed in winter in many places of rural Tripura
may be a reason behind the high level of ambient PM 10 & PM 2.5 apart from the previously
discussed sources such as residential biomass burning, evaporative and combustive emission
from vehicles, smoking etc. Moreover the low mixing height in winter may cause less dispersion
which give rise to higher ambient level of the pollutants.
Despite being an industrial area very low level of SO2 has been observed in all the study sites. It
is interesting to note that Lichens were found to be grown on the stems of trees in many of the
study sites which confirms the low level of ambient SO2 as the lichens are very much sensitive to
SO2 and cannot grow in a atmosphere with high SO2 level.
3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment helps
in evaluating the existing health of water body and suggesting appropriate mitigation measures
to minimize the potential impact from development projects. Tripura generally observes tropical
weather, marked by heat and humidity. Ground water source are being used for drinking and
other domestic purposes. Surface water is the principle source for agricultural purposes as well
as for domestic purposes. Three locations were identified for the assessment of surface water
quality and four locations for ground water quality in the study area.
3.3.1 WATER QUALITY SCENARIO
Physico-chemical parameters have been determined to ascertain the present scenario of the
existing groundwater and surface water resources. Water samples were collected in the winter
season (2015) and values are compared with the Indian Standards.
Sampling locations for surface water and groundwater quality monitoring are enlisted in Table
3.2.1. The groundwater quality was assessed by collecting samples from representative hand
pumps at different locations. Assessment of surface water quality was done by collection of river
water and pond water in the study area.
3.3.2 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROTOCOL
Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular source
of water as per MoEF guidelines. Hence quality of ground water was compared with IS: 10500:
1991 (Reaffirmed 1993 with Amendment No.3 July 2010) for drinking purposes. Surface water
quality was analyzed for parameters as mentioned in the ‘Methods of Monitoring & Analysis
25
published by CPCB (in Annexure IV of CPCB guidelines)’ and it was rated according to the CPCB
Water Quality Criteria against A, B, C, D, & E class of water based on parameters identified in the
criteria. Grab water samples were collected from sampling locations in a 5 liter plastic jerrycan
and 250 ml sterilized clean glass/pet bottles for complete physico-chemical and bacteriological
tests respectively. The samples were analyzed as per standard procedure / method given in
IS:3025 (Revised Part) and Standard Method for Examination of Water and Wastewater Ed. 21st
(2005), published jointly APHA, AWWA and WPCF.
3.3.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Standard methods (APHA, APWA, 1998) were followed for surface water and ground water quality
characterization & the results are summarized below:
Table 3.3.1: List of Water Sampling Locations
Sl. No. Sample Code Sampling Location Date of Collection Sample Type
1 S1 Haora River 03/02/2015 Surface Water
2 S2 Fatikchhara Bazar 04/02/2015 Surface Water
3 S3 Purba Noagaon 04/02/2015 Surface Water
4 G1 Fatikchhara Bazar 04/02/2015 Ground Water

5 G2 Purba Noagaon 04/02/2015 Ground Water
6 G3 Lalmati 05/02/2015 Ground Water
7 G4 Tulabagan 06/02/2015 Ground Water
Table 3.3.2: Ground Water Quality- Physical & Chemical Parameters (Winter)
Sl. No. Parameters Units G1 G2 G3 G4
1 Temperature 0
C 25 28 26 26
2 pH -- 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.8
3 Turbidity NTU 27 8 55 18
4 Conductivity µs/cm 229 146 168 77
5 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 12 6 36 23
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 117 65 84 51
7 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 52 43 71 39
8 Calcium Hardness (as CaCo3) mg/l 31 22 40 26
9 Magnesium Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 21 21 31 13
10 Alkalinity mg/l 165 123 134 52
11 Chloride (Cl) mg/l 6 9 21 14
12 Fluoride (F) mg/l 0.29 0.33 0.68 0.12
13 Sulphate(SO4) mg/l 28 22 73 24
14 Nitrate (NO3) mg/l 0.18 0.26 0.16 0.28
15 Total Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 61.2 85.7 54.6 53.3
16 Phosphate (as P) mg/l 0.33 0.28 0.69 0.72
26
Table 3.3.3: Surface Water Quality- Physical & Chemical Parameters (Winter)
Sl. No. Parameters Units S1 S2 S3
1 Temperature 0
C 24 22 24
2 pH -- 7.4 7.2 7.5
3 Turbidity NTU 166 75 51
4 Conductivity µs/cm 108 128 164
5 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 41 73 32
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 72 78 94
7 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 81 65 117
8 Calcium Hardness (as CaCo3) mg/l 41 20 73
9 Magnesium Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 40 45 44
10 Alkalinity mg/l 231 182 196
11 Chloride (Cl) mg/l 8 15 31
12 Fluoride (F) mg/l 0.102 0.186 0.124
13 Sulphate(SO4) mg/l 191 168 155
14 Nitrate (NO3) mg/l 0.74 1.22 0.84
15 Total Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 45.3 52.8 71.3
16 Phosphate (as P) mg/l 1.01 0.82 1.25
Table 3.3.4: Water Quality- Demand Parameters (Winter)
Chemical Oxygen Bio-chemical

Dissolved Oxygen
Sl. No. Sample Code Demand Oxygen Demand
(mg/l)
(mg/l) (mg/l)
Surface Water
1 S1 6.9 24 7.1
2 S2 7.8 51 4.4
3 S3 8.2 66 3.9
Ground Water
1 G1 3.2 39 ND
2 G2 1.5 37 ND
3 G3 1.2 46 ND
4 G4 2.8 51 ND
27
Table 3.3.5: Metals in Surface Water & Ground Water (Winter)
Unit: mg/l
Sample
Sr. No. As Cd Co Cr Cu Fe Mn Pb Zn
Code
Surface Water
1 S1 BDL BDL 0.01 BDL 0.05 4.16 0.14 0.04 5.71
2 S2 BDL BDL 0.01 0.06 0.15 2.25 0.76 0.01 0.62
3 S3 BDL BDL BDL 0.02 0.04 2.1 0.81 0.03 0.94
Ground Water
4 G1 0.16 BDL 0.02 BDL 0.02 1.21 0.17 0.03 BDL
5 G2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
6 G3 BDL BDL 0.03 0.04 0.16 4.22 0.35 0.05 BDL
7 G4 BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.01 3.59 0.04 0.01 BDL
Table 3.3.6: Water Quality- Bacteriological Parameters (Winter)
Total Coliform Faecal Coliform

Sl. No. Sample Code
(CFU/100 ml) (CFU/100 ml)
Surface Water
1 S1 90 75
2 S2 120 89
3 S3 186 30
Ground Water
4 G2 2 <1
5 G3 <1 <1
6 G6 3 <1
7 G8 <1 <1
28
3.3.4 RESULTS AND SUMMARY
a) Ground Water
The physico-chemical characteristics of ground water of winter (3/02/2015 to 9/02/2015) are

given in the Tables 3.3.2. The pH values varied from 5.5 – 5.8 indicating ground water is mostly
neutral in nature. Temperature varies from 25 ºC - 28 ºC. The levels of total dissolved solids
varied from 51-117 mg/l, total suspended solids varied from 6-36mg/l, conductivity varied from
72-229 µS/cm, total hardness varied from 39-71 mg/l, calcium hardness varied from 22-40 mg/l,
magnesium hardness varied from 13-31 mg/l, turbidity varied from 8-55 NTU, alkalinity varied
from 52-165 mg/l, chloride varied from 6-21 mg/l, fluoride varied from 0.12-0.68 mg/l, sulphate
varied from 22-73 mg/l, nitrate varied from 0.16-0.28 mg/l and total nitrogen varied from 53.3-
85.7 mg/l, phosphate varies from 0.28-0.72 mg/l. The values for demand parameters like DO
and COD were in the range of 1.2-3.2 mg/l and 37-51 mg/l respectively. Among all the heavy
metals the most dominating one is Fe which is ranging from BDL-4.22 mg/l (Table 3.3.5).
b) Surface Water
The physico-chemical characteristics of surface water during Winter (3/02/2015 to 9/02/2015)

are given in the Table 3.3.3. The pH values varied from 7.2-7.5 indicating ground water is slightly
alkaline in nature at most of the sampling locations. Temperature varies from 22 ºC – 24 ºC. The
levels of total dissolved solids varied from 72-94 mg/l, total suspended solids varied from 32-73
mg/l, conductivity varied from 108-164 µS/cm, total hardness varied from 65-117 mg/l, calcium
hardness varied from 20-73 mg/l, magnesium hardness varied from 40-45 mg/l, turbidity varied
from 51-166 NTU, alkalinity varied from 182-231 mg/l, chloride varied from 8-31 mg/l, fluoride
varied from 0.102-0.186 mg/l, sulphate varied from 155-191 mg/l, nitrate varied from 0.74-1.22
mg/l and total nitrogen varied from 45.3-71.3 mg/l, phosphate varies from 0.82-1.25 mg/l. The
values for demand parameters like DO, BOD and COD were in the range of 6.9-8.2 mg/l, 3.9-7.1
mg/l and 24-66 mg/l respectively. Among all the heavy metals the most dominating one is Fe
which is ranging from 2.1-4.16 mg/l (Table 3.3.5).
From the results, the surface water can be classified as ”C” as per CPCB standards of the inland
surface water. (Annexure II).
Ground water data reveals that barring a few coliform values it conforms Indian standards of
drinking water (IS:10500, 1993). (Annexure III)
29
3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise is one of the most undesirable and unwanted by-products of our modern life style. It may
not seem as insidious or harmful as air and water pollutants but it affects human health and well-
being and can contribute to deterioration of human well-being in general and can cause
neurological disturbances and physiological damage to the hearing mechanism in particular. It is
therefore, necessary to measure both the quality as well as the quantity of noise in and around
the site.
3.4.1 METHODOLOGY
The intensity of sound energy in the environment is measured in a logarithmic scale and is
expressed in a decibel, dB(A) scale. In a sophisticated type of sound level meter, an additional
circuit (filters) is provided, which modifies the received signal in such a way that it replicates the
sound signal as received by the human ear and the magnitude of sound level in this scale is
denoted as dB(A). The sound levels are expressed in dB(A) scale for the purpose of comparison
of noise levels, which is universally accepted by the international community.
Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter manufactured by Control Company, USA,
Model NO. 11-661-6A (SL.No.101432371). Setting the corresponding range and the weighting
network in “A” weighting set the sound level meter was run for one hour time and ‘Leq’ was
measured at all locations.
3.4.2 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS
‘Leq’ is defined as the continuous sound level that exists over the entire period, would give rise
to the sum total sound energy as the actually varying sound levels. It thus represents all energy
average, not a sound level average.
Table 3.4.1: Ambient Noise levels dB (A) in the Study Area
Noise Level
Sl. No. Noise Monitoring Location dB (A)
Day Time Night Time
Traffic Intersection
1 Bidurkarta Chowmuhani 59.8 -74.5 49.1-55.0
2 Math Chowmuhani 53.4 - 78.6 50.4-67.8
Industrial Area
3 Avishar Industry 39.8 - 61.7 43.2 - 61.3
4 Dharampal Prem Chand 49.3 - 73.0 40.0 - 59.2
5 Near Proxima Rubber Industry 35.1 - 67.0 40.9-69.0
6 Near Tripura Ispat 38.3 - 77.7 40.0 - 65.6
Residential Area
7 TSPCB 39.3-66.3 38.6-52.6
8 Hotel Palace In 37.7- 63.4 39.5 - 52.0
9 Khayerpur 36.6- 66.9 34.6- 50.2
10 Fatikchhara 34.7 - 61.2 35.8 - 58.5
11 Gandhigram 39.0 - 62.4 33.5 - 47.4
12 R.K.Nagar 31.0 -66.2 38.1-49.5
13 Majlishpur 41.6 - 74.2 35.1 - 50.9
30
Table 3.4.2: Ambient Quality Standards in respect of Noise
Noise dB (A) Leq

Area Code Category of Area
Daytime Night time
A Industrial Area 75 70
B Commercial Area 65 55
C Residential Area 55 45
D Silence Zone 50 40
Note:
1. Daytime is from 6.00am to 10.00 pm and Nighttime is from 10.00 pm to 6.00 am.
2. Silence zone is defined as area up to 100 meters around premises of hospitals, educational
institutions and courts. Use of vehicle horns, loud speakers and bursting of crackers are banned
in these zones.
(Source: CPCB Guidelines)
3.4.3 RESULTS AND SUMMARY
The background noise levels were observed and recorded in the study area during day time and
night time in traffic intersections, Industrial and residential areas (Table 3.4.1).
3.4.2.1 Noise Levels at Traffic Intersection
The noise levels recorded at traffic intersections varied between 53.4 - 98.6 dB(A) and
49.1- 55.0 dB(A) in day time and night time respectively.
3.4.2.2 Noise Levels at Industrial Area
The noise levels at Industrial Areas varied between 35.1 - 79.70 dB(A) and 40.0 - 72.20
dB(A) in day time and night time respectively.
3.4.2.3 Noise Levels at Residential Area
The noise level recorded at Residential Areas varied between 31.0-62.4 dB (A) and 33.5-
51.9 dB (A) in day time and night time respectively.
The noise levels in the study region have been compared with the ambient air quality standard in
respect of noise (Annexure V). In the industrial region, the day time and the night time noise
level is by and large within the limit. But at some residential areas i.e Gandhigram and
Majlishpur, the noise level is exceeding the limit for a fraction of second. The silence zone and
the commercial zone is not categorised separately as both the zones are included within the
residential zone.
31
3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT
The Impact of any major developmental projects on land environment generally depends on the
type/category of the proposed or existing development. Grass root/green field projects require
land acquisition / procurement, site grading/construction and operation. In such cases the
impacts on land environment would be in the form of permanent change in land use patterns as
well as direct and indirect impact on surrounding land due to pollution discharge in the form of
flue gases. Apart from the above the importance of impacts on land environment also depends
on several factors like the project location, land use/land cover in surrounding area, ecological or
other sensitivity of the surrounding region etc.
To establish the present scenario, at 10 km radial distance, keeping the Bodhjungnagar CETP as
centre, west Tripura is selected as the study area. Mainly alluvial soils and red sandy lateritic soils
are present in the district.
3.5.1 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS- PRESENT SCENARIO
Keeping in view the existing land use/ land cover pattern within the study area (10 km radial
distances), 10 locations were identified for existing soil quality assessment. The location and
names of the villages are given in Table 3.5.1. Representative soil samples from depth (0-15 cm)
were collected around the project site for estimation of the physico-chemical characteristics of
soil. Standard methods have been followed for the analysis of soil samples.
Table 3.5.1: Soil Sampling Locations
Sample ID Description of the Soil Location Soil colour
1 Near Abhisar Rubber Industry Blackish
2 Khayerpur hilly area Brownish
3 Haora river in khayerpur Grayish Brown
4 Briddhanagar Grayish Brown
5 Daspara,Majlishpur Reddish Brown
6 Gandhigram Brown
7 Lakhmilunga Brown
8 Fatikchara Brown
9 Kalkalia Brown
32
3.5.1.1 Physical Characteristics
The collected soil sample was analysed for various physical and chemical parameters viz. pH,
electrical conductivity (Table 3.5.2). The soluble salts are expressed in terms of Electrical
conductivity (EC). pH is an important parameter indicative of the alkaline or acidic nature of the
soil. It greatly affects the microbial population as well as the solubility of metal ions and
regulates nutrient availability. It was observed that the majority of the soil samples are alkaline in
nature.
3.5.1.2 Chemical Characteristics
Fertility status of soil in terms of available nitrogen was determined by Kjeldhal method and
available phosphorous was determined by Chlorostannus reduced Molybdo Phosphorous Blue
Colour method (Olsen method).
3.5.2.3 Heavy Metals
Heavy metals in soil were determined by extracting soil with Conc. HNO3 followed by analysis on
Atomic Absorption Photometer. The heavy metals occur in the soil extract as cations and are
absorbed by the negatively charged soil particle. They are held strongly as complex on the
surface of clay alumino silicates, hydrated oxides and humus. In general, adsorption increases
with pH. Heavy metal pollution is serious because it can persist for many decades. The heavy
metals also create problems in the nutrient utilization in plant and also marked reduction in
chlorophyll content. Soil samples were analyzed for heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), Zinc
(Zn) Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), and Copper
(Cu) and their concentrations are presented in Table 3.5.3. The presence of heavy metals at
proper pH enhances the microbial activity in soil.
Table 3.5.2: Soil Quality- Physical & Chemical Parameters
Conductivity Potassium
Sl. No. Sampling points pH N%
(μs/cm) (gm/kg)
1 Near Abhisar Rubber Industry 7.8 234.0 1.46 11.2
2 Khayerpur hilly area 8.1 26.60 0.89 5.6
3 Haora river in khayerpur 7.8 17.10 0.19 9.0
4 Briddhanagar 8.7 69.00 0.25 5.6
5 Daspara,Majlishpur 7.9 49.00 0.32 5.6
6 Gandhigram 7.4 19.70 0.18 5.6
7 Lakhmilunga 7.6 21.04 0.28 11.2
8 Fatikchara 8.2 25.60 1.98 10.1
9 Kalkalia 7.3 20.71 0.85 10.1
33
Table 3.5.3: Soil Quality – Heavy Metals
Sampling
Cd Co Cr Cu Fe Mn Ni Pb Zn
Locations
mg/kg
Near Abhisar
0.10 1.95 46.80 5.30 666.38 89.80 14.10 3.25 7.30
Rubber Industry
Khayerpur Hilly
0.11 1.77 22.23 8.57 1205.65 87.29 3.66 2.91 7.56
Area
Haora river in
BDL BDL BDL BDL 583.54 BDL BDL BDL BDL
Khayerpur
Briddhanagar 0.09 0.64 13.88 8.99 1389.68 47.85 2.67 1.10 16.13
Daspara, Majlishpur 0.10 0.47 4.38 3.72 1516.58 22.71 1.92 1.24 42.24
Gandhigram 0.11 1.54 12.64 7.25 754.24 56.97 5.42 2.11 BDL
Lakhmilunga 0.08 1.40 8.85 3.10 1706.41 81.26 3.59 2.17 BDL
Fatikchhara 0.11 1.05 10.25 7.59 456.23 57.55 4.16 1.65 BDL
Kalkalia 0.19 1.95 31.49 11.02 694.21 70.26 9.53 3.21 9.74
BDL: Below Detection Limit
3.5.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
The Agartala city lies between north latitude 23049’15” & 23053’30” and east longitude 91014’30”
& 91019’15”. The city of Agartala has an altitude of 12.8 meters from sea level. Broadly two types
of soils are present in Agartala. They are alluvial soil and Red sandy lateritic soil. The alluvial soil
is found in the entire municipal area and along the river courses. The Red sandy Lateritic soil is
found in the northern and southern parts of the city. The central portion of the city is shaped like
a saucer. The central portion is bounded by the rivers Haora in the south and Katakhal in the
north. Due to its saucer shape, the city is vulnerable to recurrent flooding during monsoons.
The state of Tripura exhibits a wide array of sedimentary rock characteristics of marine-mixed-
fluvia type origin. Age ranging from upper most Oligocene (38 million years from present time)
to Recent period. Tectonically, the region now comprises a series of sub-parallel arquate,
elongated, doubly plunging folds arrange in north south direction. Geologically, the area is
occupied by the folded sedimentary formations ranging in age from lower Tertiary to Recent.
The plains of Haora River are alluvial in nature consisting of sand, silt and clay. These flat lands
are extremely fertile due to annual flooding and are very good for paddy, jute, rabi crops etc.
34
3.5.3 LAND USE/LAND COVER
Estimated net cropped area in the year 2007-08 was 2,53,909 hectare, which was 2,55,000
hectare in 2006-07. The total cropped area was 4,45,681 in 2007-08 as compared to 4,48,935
hectare in 2006-07. The area sown more than once was 1,34,150 in 2007-08. The cropping
intensity has increased to 175 percent in 2002- 2003 from 173 percent in 2001-2002 that
further rose to 176 percent in 2007-08.
The main agricultural crops grown in the State are paddy, maize, wheat, pulses, oilseeds, jute
and mesta. Fragmentation of land holding is still continuing as a part of social phenomenon.
3.5.4 CROPPING PATTERN
In the study area paddy is the main crop, which is totally dependent on rain as irrigation facility
is marginal. However other than rice, crops like Wheat, Maize, Kharif Pulses, Rabi Pulses, Khariff
oilseed, Rabi oilseed, Sugarcane, Cotton, Jute, Mesta, Potato etc. are also grown in the study
area.
The cropping pattern in the state depicts that over 98 percent area is utilized for food crops and
remaining area of 1.33 percent was under non-food crops in the state. The cropping pattern in
the state depicts the trend of increasing in area under food crop and decreasing pattern against
non-food crops of condiments and spices.
3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Literally, environment stands for the totality of surrounding conditions. Animals and plants form
a vital part of this sum total. Flora and fauna of an area are inter-related to each other and have a
very crucial impact on human life. With changes in environmental conditions, structure, density
and composition of plants and animals undergo changes as well. The present study was carried
out to account for floral and faunal community in study area.
3.6.1 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOLOGY
Information on the current biological environment of the study area has been collected through
field studies, enquiry with local people, consultation with various government departments and
collation of available literature with various institutions and organizations. The summary of data
collected from various sources as a part of the EIA study is outlined in Table 3.6.1.
Table 3.6.1: Summary of data collected from various sources
Mode of Data
Aspect Parameters Monitored Frequency Source(s)
Collection
Primary & Floral & Faunal One Season (Winter Field Studies,
Terrestrial Ecology
Secondary Data Inventory/Importance 2015) Literature Review
Presence of Various One Season (Winter

Aquatic Ecology Primary Data Field Studies
Species/Importance 2015)
35
3.6.2 METHODOLOGY
Survey was conducted to evaluate floral and faunal composition of the study area (core and
buffer zone). Flora was studied by collecting secondary data and by verifying it through visits to
different areas in the study area and through enquiry with the local people.
Primary data on faunal composition was recorded during site visit, interview with local people
and secondary data was collected from various sources to get the correct picture of the study
area. The major portion of the study consists of forests and agricultural fields and human
settlements.
The survey methods used for faunal assessment are:
1. Walkthrough method
2. Direct Observation Method- birds, mammals
3. Enquiry with local people
3.6.3 TERRESTRIAL FLORA & FAUNA
The project site is an open plot near the rubber park inside Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate and
is without any major vegetation cover. No tree species are present. Only some herbs and shrubs
are seen. No faunal species were observed in the project site except some common birds. No
sensitive biodiversity area or feeding or roosting site has been observed near or on the project
site.
In Buffer zone, the forest land covers the majority of the land which is about 44.64% of the study
area, the agriculture land use cover the second highest pattern of the land use covering about
34.72 % and scrub land being 16.04%.
Vegetation cover around 10km radius of the project site is more or less good and is represented
by moist tropical forests. These forests may be grouped into three categories like: Open
deciduous forests of the hill, moist mixed evergreen deciduous forests and Bamboo forests
interrupted with grassland.
Sal is the principal species which occurs over extensive areas mostly in pure but at places mixed
with Garjan and also with miscellaneous species like Chamal, Kanak, Kumira etc. The proportion
of mature trees has considerably come down due to heavy exploitation of such trees in the past.
Some bamboo forests mixed with small patches of tree forests are also found in many parts of
the study area.
The natural regeneration of Sal is good in areas where the land is flat or gently sloping. In case of
Garjan and the other species natural regeneration is very poor.
36
The Sal forests cover flat to undulating low Tilla lands which are slightly higher than the
adjoining paddy lands. The continuous encroachment in the form of extension of paddy lands by
earth cutting and levelling of the low tilla lands supporting Sal forest has been noticed in many
parts of the study area and is a major factor for gradual shrinkage of Sal forest in this region. A
detailed list of plants identified in the study area has been provided in Table 3.6.2
There exists some forest area within the 10 km radius of the Study area but they are facing
serious problems of encroachments. Encroachments are too heavy in the plain forests. Once the
area was populated by abundant wildlife but now there is appreciable depletion of wildlife
resources. The reasons for the disappearance of wildlife are attributed to indiscriminate
shooting in the past and also destruction of forests by shifting cultivation being practiced in the
hills over extensive area year after year.
The entire area within 10 km radius is devoid of wild life. It was gathered from the local people
that no such wild life is found at present in the study area except some Indian Squirrel (Sciurus
indicus). Occasionally the area is visited by Bengal Monkey (Macaca sp). A checklist of major
vertebrate species is presented in Table 3.6.3.
There are no endangered faunal and floral species in project site and the surrounding area
around the CETP at Bodhjungnagar.
Table 3.6.2: List of Floral Species of the Study Area
Sl. Growth
Scientific Name Common Name Family
No. Form
1 Alstonia scholaris Chatim Apocynaceae T
2 Albizzia lebbek Siris Mimosaceae T
3 Areca catechu Supari Palmae T
4 Artocarpus chaplasha Chamal Moraceae T
5 Ailanthus excelsa Mahaneem Simarubeaceae T
6 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae T
7 Anthocephalus indicus Kadam Rubiaceae T
8 Artocarpus lakoocha Dewachamal Moraceae T
9 Albizzia stipulata Harish Mimosaceae T
10 Anacardium occidentala Kajubadam Anacardiaceae T
11 Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae T
12 Albizzia procera Korai T
13 Acacia auriculiformis Akashmoni Mimosaceae T
14 Artocarpus heterophyllus Kathal Moraceae T
15 Bursera serrata Neur Burseraceae T
16 Bambusa sp. Bans Graminae T
17 Barringtonia acutangula Hijal Lecythidaceae T
18 Bauhinia malabarica Kanchan Caesalpiniaceae T
37
Sl. Growth
No. Form
19 Borassus flabellifer Tal Arecaceae T
20 Callicarpa arborea Banmala T
21 Cassia fistula Indian Laburnam Caesalpiniaceae T
22 Careya arborea Kumira Lecythidaceae T
23 Cocos nucifera Coconut Arecaceae T
24 Cassia siamea Minijiri Caesalpiniaceae T
25 Caesalpinia pulcherima Radhachura Caesalpiniaceae T
26 Dipterocarpus turbinatus Garjan Diptero carpaceae T
27 Dillenia pentagyna Hargaza Dilleniaceae T
28 Dalbergia sisso Sisso Fabaceae T
29 Delonix regia Krishnachura Papilionaceae T
30 Erythrina indica Indian Coral Tree Fabaceae T
31 Emblica officinalis Amlaki Euphorbiaceae T
32 Ficus benghalensis Bot Moraceae T
33 Ficus religiosa Aswatha Moraceae T
34 Ficus elastica Rubber Moraceae T
35 Ficus recemosa Dumur Moraceae T
36 Ficus retusa Dumur Moraceae T
37 Ficus hispida Kak-dumur T
38 Gmelina arborea Gamar Verbenaceae T
39 Grewia microcos Pichla Tiliaceae T
40 Holarrhena antidysenterica Kurcha - T
41 Hymenodictyon excelsum Bankadam Rubiaceae T
42 Legerstroemia parviflora Sidha Jarul Lythraceae T
43 Lagerstroemia flosreginae Jural Lythraceae T
44 Leucaena latisiliqua Lead tree Mimosaceae T
45 Mangifera indica Am Anacardiaceae T
46 Michelia champaka Champa Magnoliaceae T
47 Musa sapientum Kala
48 Mitragyna parviflora Kelikadam Rubiaceae T
49 Mesua ferrea Nageswar Clusiaceae T
50 Mallotus philippensis Kishul Euphorbiaceae T
51 Melia azedarach Ghoraneem Meliaceae T
52 Nerium indicum Karabi Apocynaceae T
53 Nephelium litchi Litchi Sapindaceae T
54 Odina wodier Kaimala Anacardiaceae T
55 Psidium guajava Guava Myrtaceae T
56 Plumeria rubra Kata champa Apocynaceae T
57 Polyalthia longifolia Debdaru Annonaceae T
38
Sl. Growth
No. Form
58 Phoenix sylvestris Khejur Arecaceae T
59 Sorea robusta Sal Dipterocarpaceae T
60 Schima wallichi Kanak/Bija T
61 Syzygium cumini Jam Myrtaceae T
62 Samanea saman The rain tree Mimosaceae T
63 Saraca indica Asoka Caesalpiniaceae T
64 Sterculia alata Goraknarikel Sterculiaceae T
65 Swietenia mahogoni Mahogini Meliaceae T
66 Salmalia malabarica Simul Bombaceae T
67 Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae T
68 Terminalia belerica Bahera Combretaceae T
69 Tectona grandis Segun Verbenaceae T
70 Tamarindus indica Tetul Caesalpiniaceae T
71 Vitex peduncularis Awal Verbenaceae T
72 Ziziphus jujuba Kul Rhamnaceae T
73 Ananas comosus Anaras Bromeliaceae H
74 Adhatoda vasica Basak Acanthaceae S
75 Ageratum conyzoides Goatweed Compositae H
76 Amoora walichii Rata Araceae H
77 Amaranthus spinosa Katanote Amaranthaceae H
78 Bridelia retusa Kantakkui Euphorbiaceae
79 Caesalpinia decapetala Caesalpiniaceae C/H
80 Calotropis gigantea Akanda Asclepiadaceae H
81 Cassia sophera Caesalpiniaceae H
82 Cassia tora Foetid-cassia Caesalpiniaceae H
83 Curcuma sp. Sunti Zingiberaceae H
84 Cuscuta reflexa Swarnalata Solanaceae E,C
85 Cynodon dactylon Durb grass Gramineae H
86 Curcuma angustifolia East India Arraroot - H
87 Dioscorea alata Banalu Dioscoriaceae C
88 Denefrobium sp. Orchid Orchidaceae E
89 Euphorbia antiquorum Sij Euphorbiaceae H
90 Euphorbia neriifolia Mansa Siju Euphorbiaceae H
91 Eupatorium odoratum Assam lota H
92 Evolvulus sp. Shyama-Kranta Convolvulaceae H
93 Hoya creeper Orchid Orchidaceae E
94 Hiptage benghalensis Malpighiaceae C
95 Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae H
96 Ipomoea carnosa Convolvulaceae S
97 Jatropha gossypifolia Varanda Euphorbiaceae S
98 Justicia gendarusa Acanthaceae S
99 Lantana camara Lantana Verbinaceae S
100 Melastoma malabathricum Futki Melastomataceae H
101 Mimosa pudica Touchme not Compositae H
102 Ocimum gratissimum Ramtulsi Lamiaceae H
103 Phragmites karka Nal Gramineae H
104 Piper nigrum Golmorich Piparaceae C
105 Parthenium hysterophorus Parthenium Compositae H
106 Ricinus communis Castor oil Euphorbiaceae S
107 Saccharum spontaneum Khagra Gramineae S
108 Smilax roxburghiana Kumaria lata Liliaceae H
109 Sida cordifolia Berella Malvaceae H
110 Tinospora cordifolia Menispermaceae C
111 Vanda Roxburghi Orchid Orchidaceae E
112 Vanda teres Orchid Orchidaceae E
113 Vitex negundo Verbenaceae S
T = Tree, H = Herb, S = Shrub, C = Creeper, E = Epiphyte
39
Table 3.6.3: List of Wild and Domestic Animals of the Study Area
Categories of Animals Common Name Scientific Name
Mammals Jungle Cat Felis chans
Jackal Canis aureus
Fox Vulpes bengalensis
Barking deer Cervus murtjac
Spectacle langur Trachypithecus obscurus
Otter Lutrinae
Common Indian Mongoose Herpestes ednardsii
Wild dog Cyon dukhunensis
Hoolook Monkey Hylabates hooloock
Bengal monkey Macaca sp.
Hanuman Monkey Presbytis sp.
Leopard Panthera pardus
Leopard Cat Felis bengalensis
Indian Squirrel Sciurus indicus
Indian Bison Bos frontalis
Indian Pangolin Manis pentadactyla
Grey musk shrew Suncus murinus
House mouse Mus nuscutus
Indian mole rat Bandicota bengalensis
Wild boar Sus cristatus
Amphibians Tree frog Rhacophorus maculatus
Common Indian toad Bufo melanostictus
Common Bull frog Rana tigrina
Reptiles House lizard Hemidactylus fuviviridis
Garden lizard Calotes versicolor
Common cobra Naja naja
Rat snake Ptyas mucousus
Python Python molurus
40
Categories of Animals Common Name Scientific Name
Aves : (commonest forms) House sparrow Passer domesticus
Myna Acredotheres tristis
Brahmini Sturnus pagodarum
Crow Corvus splendens
Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus
Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis
Common bee eater Merops orientalis
Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
Parakeet Psittacula krameri
Pegion Columba livia
Dove Streptopelia decaocto
Pond heron Ardeola grayii
Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis
Little egret Egretta garzetta
Openbill stork Anastomus oscitans
Koel Eudynamys scolopacea
Wood pecker Dinopium benghalense
Small blue king fisher Alcedo atthis
White breasted king fisher Halcyon smyrnensis
Tree pie Dendrocitta vagabunda
Magpie robin Copsychus saularis
Weaver bird Ploceus benghalensis
Jungle fowl Gallus gallus
Munia Estrilda amandava
Whistling teal Dendrocygna javanica
Little cormorant Phalacrocorax niger
Pariah kite Milvus migrans
Vulture Gyps indicus
Tailor bird Orthotomus sutorius
Brown owl Strix flammea
3.6.4 AQUATIC ECOLOGY
The aquatic habitat of the study area includes the principal river Haora and several ponds and
lakes distributed throughout the study area. During the study period, water discharge in the river
was very low and the water was turbid.
3.6.5 QUALITATIVE STUDY OF AQUATIC FLORA & FAUNA

a) Macrophytes:
Various macrophyte populations were noticed in different lentic water bodies. They were
represented by floating, submerged and amphibian (emergent) forms etc. A detail list of
macrophyte population is presented below :
41
Table 3.6.4: List of Macrophytes of the Study Area
Groups Scientific name
1. Eichhornia sp.
2. Pista sp.
Floating forms
3. Lemna sp.
4. Salvinia sp.
1. Hydrilla sp.
Submerged forms 2. Vallisneria sp.

3. Potamogeton sp.
1. Marsilea sp.
2. Nymphaea sp.
3. Ipomoea sp.
4. Phragmitis sp.
5. Typha sp.
6. Jussiae sp.
Amphibian forms 7. Sagittaria sp.

8. Scirpus sp.
9. Nelumbo sp.
10. Monocharia sp.
11. Cyperus sp.
12. Polygonum sp.
13. Aponogeton sp.
b) Phytoplanktons:
Following phytoplanktons were observed in the water bodies.
Table 3.6.5: List of Phytoplanktons of the Study Area
1. Eunotia sp. 8. Spirogyra sp.

2. Cymbella sp. 9. Microcystis sp.
3. Gomphonema sp. 10. Gloeocapsa sp.
4. Netrium sp. 11. Zygnema sp.
5. Scenedesmus sp. 12. Chlorella sp.
6. Nostoc sp. 13. Euglena sp.
7. Pandorina sp. 14. Pleurosigma sp.
c) Zooplanktons:
Following zooplankton species were observed in different water bodies.
Table 3.6.6: List of Zooplanktons of the Study Area
1. Brachionus sp.
2. Keratella sp.
3. Cyclops sp.
4. Mysis sp.
42
3.6.6 FISH FAUNA
Apart from river Haora, there are several large lakes and ponds throughout the study area where
fish is cultivated by private entrepreneurs. Fish cultivation by making small entrepreneurial
groups is a common practice throughout the study area.
Some cultivated and commonly found natural fish species are listed in the Table 3.6.7
Table 3.6.7: List of Fish found in the study Area
Common Name Scientific Name
Katla Catla catla
Roi Labeo rohita
Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala
Kalbasu Labeo calbasu
Bata Labeo bata
Puti Puntius spp.
Tangra Mystus spp.
Bele Glossogobius sp.
Koi Anabas testudineus
Magur Clarias batrachus
Singi Heteropneustes fossilis
Shol Channa striatus
Boal Wallago attu
Arr Mystus aor
Ban Anguilla sp.
Pabda Ompok pabda
Tilapia Oreochromis sp.
Prawn Macrobrachium sp.
3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The present socio-economic scenario has been studied around 10 km radius, keeping the
proposed Bodhjungnagar CETP as the centre. The study of socio-economic component of
environment incorporating various facts related to socio-economic conditions in the area is an
integral part of EIA. Demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources,
health status of the community, and economic attributes such as employment, industrial
development and sustainability of the project in financial terms have been incorporated in socio-
economic environment study. The aesthetic environment refers to scenic value of the area,
tourist attraction, forest and wild life, historic and cultural monuments. The study of these
parameters forms the basis for identifying, predicting and evaluating the potential impacts.
43
The study area includes different villages of West Tripura within 10 km radial distance from the
Bodhjungnagar CETP. West Tripura district lies approximately between latitude 23 degrees 16
min to 24 degrees 14 min north and longitude 91 degrees 09 min to 91 degrees 47 min east.
The West Tripura District is bounded by Bangladesh in the north, by North Tripura in the east and
by South Tripura in the south. Total area of the district is 3544 sq.km.
3.7.1 PRESENT STATUS
The socio-economic profile of the study area has been delineated depending on the existing
scenario of the study area. The database includes:
 Demographic structure
 Infrastructure resource base
 Economic structure
The data is generated using various secondary sources viz. census records, district statistical
abstract, official document etc.
3.7.1.1 Demographic Structure
The details regarding the demographic structure of west Tripura were collected from primary
census abstract 2011. With reference to the population, no. of families (APL & BPL), no. of SC &
ST is summarized and presented in Table 3.7.1.
44
Table 3.7.1: Demographic Structure
Population
Sl. Total APL BPL Jhumia
Name as per Male Female ST SC Others
No. Families Families Families Families
2007-08
SADAR SUBDIVISION
Mohanpur
1
Block
172455 88268 84187 32692 54102 85661 41742 17235 24182 325
2 Jirania Block 159757 83073 76684 51786 30238 77733 30585 14763 15632 190
3 Mandai Block 54041 27118 26923 49972 1024 3045 10421 4552 5869 200
Hezamara
4
Block
48938 24473 24465 47655 392 891 8466 3515 4951 1463
Ranibazar
5 Nagar 12277 6210 6067 11 2153 10113 3207 1474 1733 0
Panchayat
Total 447468 229142 218326 182116 87909 177443 94421 41539 52367 2178
KHOWAI SUBDIVISION
Khowai
1 68821 34984 33837 8394 16288 44139 15762 6421 9341 161
Block
Padmabil
2 42982 22843 20139 41266 355 1361 8115 4320 3795 1129
Block
Tulasikhar
3 42680 21633 21047 33073 4123 5484 10135 3652 3240 625
Block
Khowai
4 Nagar 20503 10296 10207 1681 2169 16653 4556 3299 1257 0
Panchayat
Total 174986 89756 85230 84414 22935 67637 38568 17692 17633 1915
TELIAMURA SUBDIVISION
Teliamura
1 74574 37436 37138 23687 24600 26296 15469 5799 9207 463
Block
Kalyanpur
2 55370 27628 27742 16199 17357 21814 11556 3885 7559 460
lock
Mungiakami
3 35518 18014 17504 33967 965 586 6543 1724 4819 3394
Block
Teliamura
4 Nagar 21683 12706 8977 200 5759 15724 4741 2436 2305 0
Panchayat
Total 187145 95784 91361 74044 48681 64420 38309 13844 23890 4317
45
Contd..
Population
Sl. Total APL BPL Jhumia
Name as per Male Female ST SC Others
No. Families Families Families Families
2007-08
BISHALGARH SUBDIVISION
Bishalgarh
1 191883 97667 94216 43691 34584 113608 40804 18923 21881 0
Block
2 Dukli Block 119533 64412 55121 5866 37805 75862 22547 10140 12132 275
Jampuijala
3 50565 25485 25080 49215 90 1260 1007 2638 7439 470
Block
Total 361981 187564 174417 98772 72479 190730 73428 31701 41452 745
SONAMURA SUBDIVISION
Melaghar
1 130260 65758 64502 17176 38778 74306 29386 16330 13056 1135
Block
Boxanagar
2 54979 28384 26595 4138 11508 39333 9706 4048 5658 360
Block
Kathalia
3 62781 32139 30642 9170 5658 47953 10986 4229 6757 958
Block
Sonamura
4 Nagar 10850 5329 5521 95 1960 8795 2615 1569 1046 0
Panchayat
Total 258870 131610 127260 30579 57904 170387 52693 26176 26517 2453
3.7.1.2 Infrastructure Resource Base
Infrastructure resource base in the study area with reference to education, medical, water
resources Table. 3.7.2, Table. 3.7.3, Table. 3.7.4.
Table: 3.7.2: Education in West Tripura

(Source: District Profile 2007-08, Govt. of Tripura)
Private &
District J.B. S.B. High H.S. Degree ICDS
Sl. No Madrasa Missionary
Name school School School School College Centre
School
1 Sadar 186 98 50 22 6 825 9 26
2 Khowai 143 62 22 18 1 448 0 17
3 Teliamura 129 41 21 16 0 330 2 25
4 Bishalgarh 154 82 46 18 0 614 14 13
5 Sonamura 100 56 30 22 1 465 37 1
District Total 712 339 169 96 8 2652 62 82
46
Table: 3.7.3. Medical Facilities in West Tripura
Medical
Primary Officers
Sl. District Health Rural Homeopathic Ayurvedic
Dispensary Health (Including
No. Name Sub-Centre Hospital Centre Centre
Centre Homeo/
Ayurvedic)
1 Sadar 98 1 7 3 43 3 5
2 Khowai 31 5 5 1 38 2 3
3 Teliamura 36 1 1 3 21 2 3
4 Bishalgarh 52 3 4 1 19 2 2
5 Sonamura 38 10 6 2 44 8 4
District Total 255 20 23 10 165 17 17
Table 3.7.4: Drinking Water in West Tripura

Sl. No. of N.C. Mark-II/III RCC Well &

District Name No. of P.C Para No. of F.C Para
No. Para Available sanitary
1 Sadar 285 593 241 1496 1819
2 Khowai 121 206 119 936 1230
3 Teliamura 269 146 65 720 353
4 Bishalgarh 126 538 338 3128 2355
5 Sonamura 176 291 127 457 368
District Total 977 1774 890 6737 6105
3.7.1.3 ECONOMY
As per Census 2011, West Tripura has 436,870 main workers, 97,478 marginal workers and
998,634 non workers. People in West Tripura are employed in manufacturing, handloom and
handicrafts, tea and rubber as well as in crop cultivation. Employment status of rural and urban
areas in West Tripura are shown in the Fig: 3.7.1.
Fig: 3.7.1Status of Employment of West Tripura
47
3.7.1.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY
The survey has been carried out with the help of a pre-designed set of questionnaires. Adult male
and female representing various communities was interviewed within the 10 km radius of
Bodhjungnagar CETP project area. According to the survey, the findings based on the socio
economic pattern are depicted below:
 Within the 10 km radius of the Bodhjungnagar CETP, 116 households in the area were
being selected randomly and were interviewed on the basis of questionnaire supplied
to them.
 Percent of interviewed male, female and children below 10 yrs are shown in the Fig:
3.7.2.
 The household of this area having an average income of Rs. 5626 per month.
 9.5 % houses of the study area are made of concrete and brick and the rests are
temporary houses/ house built with mud, galvanized tin.
 12 % people have the facilities of supply water, 74 % people use only tube well as their
daily water sources and 3.44 % people use both supply water and tube well as their
water sources.1.7% people use public well, 6.8% people use private well, 0.8% people
use both public well & supply water. Percentage of people using different water
sources are shown in the following Fig: 3.7.3.
 With respect to the total no of people interviewed approx. 49% people are currently
smoking.
 Common health problems of this area are heart disease, diabetes, asthma and
chronic bronchitis. Some people are found to be affected with stomach problem,
abdominal pain (among children), and vomiting tendency. No one is found to be
affected with cancer.
 Study area having a mortality rate of approx. 11%.
 More or less every house is found to use firewood and LPG as their fuel. Few people
are also using dry leaf as their fuel.
 Approx 2.5% of the study area don’t have any electricity connection still now.
 Approx 30% people are related to farming only, 51 % people are related to of-farming
jobs whereas approx 19% people are doing farming and of-farming jobs
simultaneously.
48
Fig 3.7.2: Percentage Distribution Of Male Female & Children In the Study Area
Fig 3.7.3: Different Water Sources Used in West Tripura
49
3.7.1.5. AGRICULTURE
Out of the total area 62% area is under food crop cultivation. Principle crops cultivated in this
area are rice, wheat, pulses, coconut, potato, sugarcane etc. Area under crop cultivation and their
production are shown in the following Tables.
Table: 3.7.5. Area under Agriculture in West Tripura

Rice Pulses Fruits & Vegetables

Sl. No. Name
(Hect.) (Hect.) (Hect.)
1 Sadar 20082 332 2770

2 Khowai 15666 492 9672
3 Teliamura 14680 1441.6 1350.46
4 Bishalgarh 21433.6 326.60 1632.40
5 Sonamura 22826.81 146.12 2881.80
District total 94688.41 2738.32 18306.66
Table: 3.7.6. Production of Crops in West Tripura

Rice Wheat Pulses

Sl. No. Name
(Mt.) (Mt.) (Mt.)
1 Sadar 82772.28 148 312.4

2 Khowai 32831.9 24 474.4
3 Teliamura 45471.66 966 1007.61
4 Bishalgarh 39974.94 153.94 291.15
5 Sonamura 85359.25 206.80 82.86
District total 286410.03 1498.74 2168.42
3.7.1.6. ANIMAL RESOURCES
It also plays an important role in employment generation and augmentation of rural income.
Despite many constraints, Tripura has made significant progress in the development of animal
resources such as cattle, goat, poultry, pigs etc. Animal Husbandry plays a vital role in
determining the agricultural economy in the State. In Tripura, 60% of the geographical area is
high land and only about 27% in available for cultivation. Animal Husbandry is an important and
integral part of agricultural system and considered as one of the major activities for providing
subsidiary income including non harvesting season to the farming families of the State.
Production from the domesticated animals and poultry, like milk, meat and eggs has become
subsidiary occupation of the farmers in the State.
50
Table: 3.7.7. Animal resources of West Tripura
Sl. No. Name Cattle Goat Poultry Pigs Others
1 Sadar 81161 63171 205782 28002 26764
2 Khowai 42102 25519 116102 21385 7380
3 Teliamura 51308 38422 55118 17857 18491
4 Bishalgarh 57528 36032 3617 9199 6794
5 Sonamura 75005 41247 202708 7082 287068
District total 307104 204391 583327 83525 346497
Fig. 3.7.4: Socio-economic Survey
*********
51
CHAPTER-4
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
& MITIGATION MEASURES
CHAPTER- 4: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
The major element involved in the process of environmental impact assessment is the
identification of significant impacts, as it leads to other elements such as evaluation of impacts.
Environmental impacts due to the construction and operation stages of the project were
predicted. Impacts were evaluated using engineering judgment and comparing with best
management practices. The impacts during the construction phase will be temporary in nature
for a short construction period.
Adequate environmental management measures will be incorporated during the entire planning
of construction and operation stages of the project to minimize the adverse environmental
impacts and assure sustainable development of the area. The construction phase will be of
around 18 months duration.
Project site will be protected by proper security and fencing to protect it from trespassers and
unauthorized persons. The construction material will be stacked at designated place.
The pollution sources, their impacts and proposed mitigation measures are given below.
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Impacts
Following impacts are anticipated during the construction phase for a short period of
18 months only.
 Stacking of construction materials may block the passages or roads
 The dust emitted during various activities will pollute the air with particulate matter
 Workers may be exposed low noise levels due to construction equipment
Mitigation Measures
 A dust control plan will be implemented viz. regular daily spraying of water on the
roads and dust emission area in the project site.
 Regular maintenance of vehicles and equipment will be carried out. The vehicles
having PUC will be used during the construction period and an agreement with
the contractor for water spraying and use of vehicles with PUC as well as use of
environmental friendly methods during construction phase will be made.
52
4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE
Impacts
 Being a project of Common Effluent treatment Plant there will not be any need of
combustion process except occasional operation of DG set in case of failure of
power. Hence there will not be any regular and continuous point source of flue gas
emission. However because of movement of tankers for receiving effluent there
will be minor impact on ambient air quality.
 Considering the type of industrial effluent to be received the chances of odour
nuisance of chemicals will not be likely to be there. But because operation of
biological plant and sludge during process to certain extent there may be chance
of occasional odour nuisance.
Mitigation Measures
 Good housekeeping will be maintained in the CETP premises
 The vehicles will be maintained in good running condition by regular servicing and
all vehicles will have PUC certificate.
 Roads in industrial area will be maintained in good condition and tarred so that
dust emission will be minimum.
 The generators will be used during emergency only during power failure
 The generators would be provided with a stack of proper height (as per E(P) Rules,
1986, item 96) for the proper dispersal of pollutants emitted from the stack.
 The type of effluent going to be treated for CETP is biodegradable in nature with
some metal components and refractive chemicals. On standing the biodegradable
waste gets decomposed through anaerobic activity causing foul smell. The effluent
is stored in equalization tanks provided with air sparging system. The BOD
reduction is achieved through activated sludge process & MBBR technology which
does not emit foul odour.
 The aerobic sludge separated from inorganic once is taken through the decanter
and the sludge is disposed off through tankers immediately without long standing
times. Thus the major cause of foul smell has been eliminated.
 Sometimes the primary sludge mix with bio sludge, but such sludge is alkaline
which reduces the smell to the maximum possible extent
 During treatment process, only CO2 is given out and no smell is emitted.
 Because of peripheral green belt, the odour nuisance will remain minimized.
53
4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Impacts
 Noise will be produced by transporting trucks and heavy machinery like HEMM,
concrete mixer etc.
Mitigation Measures
 Construction work will be carried out during day time only.
 The workers working near noise producing machine will be provided with ear plugs.
 Construction equipment and vehicles will be maintained in good running condition
Impacts
 During the operation phase, the sources of noise shall be equipments such as
waste treatment machinery, pumps, blowers, Diesel Generator Sets and vehicular
movement.
Mitigation Measures
 DG sets with integral acoustic enclosure will be purchased and will be installed in
acoustic rooms.
 The noise producing machinery will be placed in acoustic enclosures/acoustic

rooms to reduce the noise levels.
 Workers working near noisy area shall be provided with ear plugs.
 Roads will be maintained in good condition to reduce the noise due to traffic.
 Peripheral green belt will absorb the noise.
4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Impacts
 The wastewater produced from labour colony may be a concern for the public health
 Storm water with sediments from excavated material
Mitigation Measures
 During the construction phase, modular septic tanks will be provided and treated
sewage will be used for construction purposes.
54
 Care will be taken to securely store the excavated material and to reuse it as early
as possible in construction or for land filling during landscaping.
 There will a provision of embankment, so as to stop the excavated soil.
Impacts
 Disposal of excess treated effluent, complying with the stringent norms aimed at,
in to the nearby water body after recycle and reuse will improve the quality of the
water body.
 Because of CETP there will be a controlled discharge of treated effluent, complying

to the norms, into the water body through single point instead of present multiple
point of disposals of untreated/partially treated effluent.
Mitigation Measures
 The stoppage of discharge of partially treated/untreated industrial effluent in the

water body will have beneficial impact in gradually restoring the quality of it.
 The treated effluent from CETP will be recycled and reused to the maximum extent.
 CETP will be constructed with strong foundation and water proof strong RCC work
to avoid any seepage and with enough free space to avoid spillage.
 Rainwater harvesting will be done for groundwater recharge.
4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT
Impacts
 There may be change in land use pattern.
 Overburden and construction waste, if not properly stacked, may pollute the soil.
Mitigation Measures
 The project site is an open area without vegetation or human activity, and is
allotted for the development of CETP, therefore there will not be any impact on the
present land use pattern of the area.
 The overburden and construction waste will be reused as early as possible in the
construction and for land filling during landscaping of project site
55
Impacts
 Hazardous chemical sludge produced during the wastewater treatment will be

handled in decanter and disposed to authorized Solid Waste Management Facility
and will have no impact.
Mitigation Measures
 Hazardous chemical sludge will be sent to authorized Solid Waste Management

Facility.
 Primary sludge in some of the cases may contain some toxic elements such as
arsenic, cadmium, nickel etc. but the primary sludge is reduced by the way of
segregation of the major quantum of biosludge going to be generated. The fewer
quanta of generation of hazardous waste & application of decanters will help the
CETP operators for its disposal to authorized Solid Waste Management Facility.
 Bio sludge will be used as manure only after physico-chemical testing and
complying with the norms of manure for crops or green belt, otherwise the bio
sludge will be sent to authorized Solid Waste Management Facility along with
chemical sludge.
 Record of sludge disposal shall be kept as per Hazardous Waste (Management,

Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2008.
4.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Impacts
 Noise will be produced during construction activity.
Mitigation Measures
 Construction activity will be carried out during day time only. The vehicles will be
maintained in good condition to minimize the noise due to traffic.

Impacts
 No impact is envisaged on the flora and fauna of the area due to operation of
CETP.
Mitigation Measures
 CETP will have beneficial effect on the environment due to reduction in pollution.
56
 Installation of CETP will eliminate such unwanted eutrophication boosting up the
aquatic life with high DO content with necessary nutrients.
 The effluent discharge will comply with the norms aimed at and to the stipulated
norms of MoEF and will not be harmful to the ecology of the receiving water body.
 Green belt/ plantation will be developed around the CETP
 No biologically sensitive area is present within 10 km radial area
4.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Impact on Population Composition
The impact of the proposed project on population composition will be either nil or
negligible as only a few skilled and managerial staff will be recruited from outside and the
rest will be recruited locally.
Impact on Employment Generation
The proposed project is expected to provide employment opportunities to 15 persons,

which includes both skilled workers and unskilled workers. It is understood that all the
persons to be deployed for various activities will be recruited locally and there is very
little scope for migration of people from outside the study area.
The employment potentiality of the project is expected to ameliorate the economic

condition of the families of those persons who will get employed in the proposed project.
Furthermore, the project will provide indirect employment to about 100 people who will
be involved in petty business and service oriented industries. This is a positive impact of
the proposed CETP project.
Benefits to Women
The proposed CETP project will also generate jobs for the women labourers, during
construction and operation phase.
Impact on Health
The proposed effluent plant will certainly be blessings for the people in the
neighborhood and the intensity of various diseases is expected to come down
appreciably, when the plant operates effectively. Hence, the impact of the proposed
CETP project will be positive and needs to be welcomed by all in the study area.
57
Impact on Income
In India, poverty is widespread. According to an estimate made by World Bank, during

2005, 26 percent of the total Indian population falls below the International Poverty Line
uf US$ 1.25 a day (PPP, in nominal terms Rs. 21.6 a day in urban areas and Rs. 14.3 in
rural areas). The family income of those who will be employed in the proposed CETP
project will get substantial boost. Similar is the case with others who will be benefitted by
indirect employment. This is a positive impact of the proposed CETP project.
Impact on Consumption Pattern
The field survey has revealed that people in the study area are poor. Increased
household income will certainly enhance the consumption pattern of few selected
households who would be benefitted by getting employed in the above project directly
or indirectly. This is a positive impact of the proposed project which is directly related to
employment generation caused by the proposed project.
Impact on Utilities
Utilities include supply of water, electricity, gas and sewage facilities. It is likely that the
residents in the neighborhood will not face any bottleneck in accessing utility services
such as water supply, electricity, gas and sewage facilities due to the upcoming project
in the area. Hence, CETP project will hardly make any impact on existing utilities due to
construction and operation of the project.
Impact on Law & Order
As local people will be employed to run the CETP, no law & order problem is envisaged. It
is expected that the workers will attend to their duties from their residence and return to
their homes after the day’s work is over. There could have been law & order problem if
the workers were migrants and lived in shanties closed to the area.
Public Perception about the Project
Visit to villages in the study area has revealed that no one is against the proposed CETP
project as it would be a savior of health as also a provider of employment to local
people. They hoped that the upcoming project will definitely increase their income which
in turn will increase their purchasing power. They however, they have demanded that
only the local people should be provided with employment and no one else.
**********
58
CHAPTER-5
ANALYSIS
OF
ALTERNATIVES
CHAPTER- 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
The proposed site of CETP was selected as per the guidelines of MoEF. The treatment
technology and treatment Scheme for the effluents from the rubber industries has been
finalized on the basis of detailed data collection on quality and quantity of the effluent
produced by the industries. The salient features are given below.
5.2 SITE SELECTION
The following guiding factors have been considered while selecting the site for the
establishment of CETP.
1. The site is situated in notified industrial area having all infrastructural facilities.
2. The 2.3 acre land has been earmarked for the construction of CETP by Tripura
Industrial Development Corporation (TIDC).
3. The site is situated in such a way that the effluent from industries will be economically
carried to the site through tankers.
4. The land is highly undulating in nature. The treatment system is being created much
above the normal water level expected during the rainy season.
5.3 TREATMENT SCHEME
The proposed CETP will cater to the requirements of the rubber industries in the rubber park of
BIE. Most of the industries have developed their own treatment plants. However the treatment is
not satisfactory due to complex nature of the effluents. Treatability studies have been carried out
by using different recent technologies and it was ensured that the effluent meet the stipulated
standards.
The plant has been designed by absorbing the new technology like micro and nano filtration
technology, MBBR etc. into the very conventional activated sludge process to deal with tricky
recalcitrant pollutants to make a solid foundation for a techno-economic viability for the
investment and recurring expenditure. Simultaneously, attempt has been made to do sludge
minimization through proper scheme selection.
**********
59
CHAPTER-6
ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING
PROGRAM
CHAPTER- 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 INTRODUCTION
Environmental Monitoring is an essential tool for sustainable development; ensuring most
effective implementation & monitoring of Environmental Management Plan; & mitigation
measures. It is also very essential to keep updating the environmental management system for
effective conservation of environment along with ongoing project activities/operation. Hence,
monitoring of critical parameters of environmental quality is very essential in the routine
activity schedule of project operation.
6.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

The environment monitoring plan enables environmental management system with early sign
of need for additional action and modification of ongoing actions for environment
management, improvement & conservation. It provides exact idea for mitigation measures to
be implemented as it is linked with actual distraction of environmental quality due to the
project activities. Hence, monitoring of critical parameters of environmental quality is very
essential in the routine activity schedule of project operation. An Environmental Monitoring
Programme shall be scheduled for the following major objectives:
 To verify the result of the impact assessment study in particular with regards to new
developments.
 To follow the trend of parameters which have been identified as critical.
 To check or assess the efficiency of controlling measures.
 To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment
study, do not become critical through the commissioning of new project.
To monitor effectiveness of Control Measures:
 Monitor daily, Assess effectiveness of the Control Measures being implemented, Explore
the need to modify or add new Control Measures particularly if a violation is observed &
Reported.
 Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be made to find out any
deterioration in environmental quality.
 Monitoring of the proposed project area will be regularly conducted. The attributes,
which merit regular monitoring, are specified underneath.
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS TO BE MONITORED

A major part of the sampling and measurement activity shall be concerned with long term
monitoring aimed at providing an early warning of any undesirable changes or trends in the
natural environment that could be associated with the plant activity. This is essential to
determine whether
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the changes are in response to a cycle of climatic conditions or are due to impact of the plant
activities. In particular, a monitoring strategy shall be ensured that all environmental resources,
which may be subject to contamination, are kept under review and hence monitoring of the
individual elements of the environment shall be done. During the operation phase
Environmental Management Department/Cell (EMDEMC) shall undertake all the monitoring work
to ensure the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures. The suggestions given in the
Environmental Monitoring Programme shall be implemented by the EMD by following an
implementation schedule.
In case of any alarming variation in ground level concentration in surrounding environment
quality, performance of effluent treatment facilities, treated effluent discharge, etc. shall be
discussed in the EMD and any variance from norms shall be reported for immediate rectification
action at higher management level. In addition to the monitoring programme the following shall
also be done to further ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures:
 Quarterly internal environmental audits shall be carried out to check for compliance
with standards / applicable norms by in-house experts.
 Third party environmental audits shall be carried out once every year.
 In addition to the above, all necessary steps have been taken to implement the
measures suggested by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
 Hazardous wastes to be handled and disposed off strictly in accordance with Hazardous
Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2003.
 Promotion of Energy Optimization Technology including periodic energy audits.
6.3.1 AREAS OF CONCERN

The best way to ensure that the new CETP facility operates in a consistent and environmentally
sound fashion is to provide for a rigorous monitoring programme on the guidelines of CPCB
and MoEFCC. The objective of this programme is to comply with MoEFCC guidelines for inlet
effluent and outlet treated effluent.
To keep the record of physical and chemical load from each industry, the member industry will
monitor the important physico-chemical parameters in their effluents on daily basis. The flow
rate and daily quantity of effluent from member industries will also be maintained by concerned
industry on daily basis. The data will be provided to CETP operator from the technical staff of
CETP.
Treatment efficiency programme for CETP will be established within the treatment plant. The
physico-chemical monitoring of selected parameters of influent and outgoing effluent at CETP
will be maintained on daily basis. Online continuous flow measurement will also be taken at the
outlet of CETP on daily basis.
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Therefore, from the monitoring point of view, the important parameters are Quality and flow of
effluent from member industries and its compliance to major effluent quality parameters,
quality of inlet effluent to CETP and outlet treated effluent from CETP and its compliance to the
stipulated standards, air quality, noise, etc. Online monitoring of treated effluent from CETP will
also be established which timely indicate the stress on the environment. Suggested monitoring
parameters and programmes are described in the subsequent sections.Well-equipped water and
wastewater testing laboratory will be established in the project premises.
6.3.2 MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM
The effectiveness of the drainage system depends on proper cleaning of all drainage
pipes/channels. Regular checking will be done to see that none of the drains are clogged due to
accumulation of sludge/sediments. This checking and cleaning will be rigorous during the
monsoon season, especially if heavy rains are forecast.
6.3.3 SOLID / HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION & UTILIZATION

Maximum re-cycling and utilization of generated waste as per guidelines shall be done. All the
Hazardous waste generated shall be disposed off as per applicable statutory conditions.
The cell will monitor and keep a record of:
 Generation of solid wastes

 Disposal of balance solid / hazardous materials to a proper facility with authorization
from the state pollution control board.
 Prepare a site manual on the total program and activities.
 Environmental monitoring data on regular basis.
6.3.4 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

The following plan shall be made for greenbelt maintenance:
 Annual plans for tree plantation with specific number of trees to be.planted shall be
made. The fulfillment of the plan shall be monitored by the EMD every six months
 A plan for post plantation care should be reviewed in monthly meeting.
6.3.5 HOUSE KEEPING

The Safety Department will keep a very close watch on housekeeping activities and organize
regular monitoring.
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6.3.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
A systematic programme for medical check-up at regular intervals shall be followed for all
workers (who will be involved in handling of treatment chemical) to ascertain any changes in
health condition due to the working conditions.
6.3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The setting up of proposed CETP will improve the infra-structure & economic conditions and
thus will improve the socio economic scenario. There shall be no displacement of any
population as proposed project is in Industrial estate. There will be a beneficial effect on human
settlement due to employment generation.
6.3.8 EFFLUENT QUALITY

The effluent shall be generated from different member industries, which will be treated at the
CETP. Inlet and Outlet characteristics of effluent will be monitored on daily basis.
6.3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The ambient air quality monitoring will have to be conducted at three to five locations regularly.
Air quality will be monitored for three seasons in a year. High volume samplers will be used for
this purpose. The parameters to be monitored are PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2.
6.4 MONITORING PARAMETERS & FREQUENCY

The monitoring parameters and frequency of monitoring shall be as follows:
Table 6.1 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
Sr. Frequency of
Aspects Parameters to be Monitored Location
No. Monitoring
1 Effluent
Physico-chemical Flow rate, pH, COD, Total Dissolved Daily At inlet and
Parameters Solids (TDS), Suspended Solids (SS), outlet of CETP
Oil & Grease, BOD, Phenolic
compounds, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen,
Ammonical Nitrogen (as N), Cyanide
(as CN), Total Residual Chlorine,
Chromium hexavalent (as Cr+6),
Chromium (total) (as Cr), Copper (as
Cu), Lead (as Pb), Nickel (as Ni), Zinc
(as Zn), Arsenic (as As), Mercury (as
Hg), Cadmium (as Cd), Fluoride (as
Fe), Boron (as B)
2 Surface and Ground Water

Physico-chemical pH, Salinity, Conductivity, TDS, Once in a season 3 to 4 locations
Parameters Turbidity, DO, BOD, Phosphates,
Nitrates, Sulphates, Chlorides
Biological & Phytoplankton (No. of species and Once in a season 3 to 4 locations

Microbiological their density), Zooplanktons (No. of
species and their density), Total
Coliforms (TC), E. coli
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Sr. Aspects Parameters to be Monitored Frequency of Location
No. Monitoring
3 Ambient Air Quality PM10, PM2.5, SO2,NO2 Summer, post – Three location
monsoon & winter within the
season. project site
Twice a week for four
consecutive weeks
per season
4 Noise Equivalent Noise levels Once in a month Project area
and sites within
1 km of the
project area
5 Green belt Rate of survival and growth of Once in a month Around the
development various species plant site
6.5 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES

Environmental samples shall be collected as per the guidelines provide by MoEFCC/CPCB/GPCB.
The method followed shall be recommended/standard method approved/recommended by
MoEFCC/CPCB.
TABLE 5.2: METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS
METHOD
Attributes
Sampling / Preservation Analysis
A. Air Environment Mechanical/automatic
1. Micro meteorological data
1.Mechanical or automatic weather -----
station/ Meteorological Department
2. Ambient Air Quality 2. Samplers (Designed as per USEPA) to

Any standard method such as IS
collect PM 2.5, PM 10 and the gaseous
5182 & CPCB guideline, ASTM, etc.
samples
B. Noise Instrument : Noise level meter -----
C. Water & Waste Water Standard methods for examination

Standard methods for examination of
of water and wastewater analysis
1. Ground Water water and wastewater analysis
published by APHA 21st edition,
published by APHA 21st edition, 2005
2. Surface Water 2005
6.6 PROGRESS MONITORING AND REPORTING ARRANGEMENTS

The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures
proposed as part of the Environmental Monitoring Plan get implemented in the project. The
monitoring and evaluation of the management measures are critical activities in implementation
of the project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going
according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for the project management to keep
the programme on schedule. The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to
ensure that the measures proposed as part of Environmental Management Plan get
implemented in the project.
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6.7 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Suitable emergency procedures will be formulated and implemented at design stage itself for
tackling of emergency situations arising out of the proposed operations.
 Emergency situations arising out of non-functioning of the systems and faulty
equipment.
 Emergency situations arising out of non-functioning of CETP.
 To contain oil spillage, proper system will be provided around the storage facilities to
collect & use them later.
 Any other natural or manmade emergencies.
6.8 LABORATORY FACILITIES

Laboratory will be set up with manpower and facilities for self-monitoring of pollutants
generated in the CETP. The laboratory will be equipped with basic instruments and chemicals
required for monitoring & analysis of the various parameters of the water and wastewater
samples of the CETP.
6.9 DOCUMETATION & RECORDS

The environmental department in respect of operation of pollution control facility will maintain
following records.
 Instruction manual for operation and maintenance of the CETP
 Log sheets for self-monitoring of pollution parameters
 Stationary records as per the Environmental Acts.
 Monthly and annual progress reports.
6.10 BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULE
On regular basis, environment management cell shall inspect the necessity & availability of the
materials, technologies, services & maintenance works. The cell shall make appropriate budget
for the purpose. Regular record review for change in financial requirement of environment
management shall be done and appropriate budgetary provisions shall be made. The budget for
environmental management shall be prepared and revised regularly up on requirement.
The budget shall include provisions for:
 Environmental Monitoring Program
 Operation & Maintenance of environmental Technologies/Equipments
 Laboratory works for Environmental management activities
 Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipments, tools, services
 Greenbelt development
 Social & Environmental Welfare & Awareness programs/training
 Annual Environmental Audit.
*********
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CHAPTER-7
ADDITIONAL
STUDIES
CHAPTER- 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification, analysis and assessment of risk & hazard are very useful in providing information
to risk management. It provides basis for planning safety measures during emergent situation.
The proposed project activity is a common effluent treatment plant (CETP) which does not involve
major hazardous chemicals except hydrochloric acid during operation phase. The chemicals
which will be used in CETP are coagulants (alum & polyelectrolyte), bleaching powder and
hydrochloric acid (for decolonization), lime and urea/DAP.
7.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STORAGE OF CHEMICALS
Following safety precautions will be taken during storage of chemicals.
 Storage tanks located and marked in designated area

 Selection of tanks of proper MOC
 Uniformly tagging of all tanks
 Provision of industrial type electric fittings
 Provision of adequate fire fighting equipments
 Anti corrosive paint will be used for the tanks
 Display of Safety Instruction Board
 Provision of proper earthing
 Provision of lightening arrester
7.3 POWER FAILURE/LOAD SHEDDING
Operational difficulties may be experienced at CETP plant when there will be power failure.
Since, there is a provision made for DG sets for running plant during power failure, there will
not be significant effect on the treatment efficiency of the CETP.
Three standby generators of total capacity of 1600 KVA ,one DG set of 1000 KVA and one DG
set of 550 KVA for CETP operation and one DG set of 50 KVA for street light, office building and
for staff quarters will be provided during power failure or load shedding period, which would
reduce the chances of inadequate treatment of the effluent.
Training programme for plant operation and maintenance activities have been included as part
of the project’s technical assistance programme.
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7.4 HEALTH & SAFETY MEASURES
During the operation of CETP and during handling chemicals, a practice of preventive and
protective maintenance will be adopted to take care of employee’s health. The various safety
equipments like breathing apparatus, gum boots, goggles and helmet will be provided to the
workers/operators. Besides, all the first aid, fire fighting devices will also be inspected, tested
and maintained all the time in ready to use condition.
Health of all the employees in plant area will be regularly monitored by the physician. If any
abnormality is found, necessary treatment will be given from time to time. Necessary history
cards, records will be maintained which will be up‐dated from time to time.
Some of the safety measures proposed to be carried out to ensure prevention of occupational
hazards are delineated below.
 Safety equipments and fittings for handling of chemicals.
 Housekeeping of the plant as per prescribed norms. Floors, platforms, staircases,

passages will be kept free of any obstruction.
 All operations will be explained to the workers. They will be periodically trained on
the processes.
 Only authorized persons will be allowed inside the plant.
 All instruments and safety devices will be checked and calibrated during installation
and at frequent intervals.
 All electrical equipments will be installed as per prescribed standards.
 All the equipments of the plant will be periodically tested as per standard and
results will be documented. All equipments will undergo preventive maintenance
schedule.
 D.G. sets will be provided to supply power in case of grid power failure.
 Number of fire extinguishers will be installed at different locations within premises.
 Adequate ventilation arrangement will be provided for safe and better working in
the plant as per the standard.
 Sufficient access for firefighting will be provided in the plant.
 Protection against lightning will be taken care in the plant.
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7.5 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
The fire protection system with sand buckets, water pump etc. will be provided during plant
commissioning and operation stage to avoid any outbreak of fire.
7.6 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN
An unexpected emergency incident at CETP facility is likely to involve preventive and mitigative
action on the part of workers, officers and their proper coordination with outside agencies like
Fire Department, Police Station, Hospitals and Doctors. The workers will be given training about
their duties and actions including immediate first aid measures during emergency. The contact
numbers of the officers, and outside agencies mentioned above will be displayed at various
places in CETP.
7.7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BY THE WORKERS
 Wash hands well with clean water and soap before eating and after work.
 Do not touch nose, mouth, eyes, or ears with hands, unless they are washed.
 Keep the finger nails short; use a stiff soapy brush to clean undersurface of the nails.
 Wear waterproof gloves during cleaning pumps or screens or during handling effluent,
sewage, sludge, or grit.
 Always wear gloves when the hands are chapped or burned or have a rash or a cut.
 Take shower and change work clothes before leaving CETP
 Do not keep soiled work clothes with other clothes.
 Report any injury or illness got from work right away for proper treatment
**********
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CHAPTER-8
PROJECT
BENEFITS
CHAPTER- 8: PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 PROJECT BENEFITS
The rapid growth of industries over the last few years in Tripura has been both a benediction in
economic prosperity and a bane due to increase in pollution load in alarming proportion. This
needs an imperative action on the conservation of natural resources to protect the flora and
fauna.
To cater to the requirements of the rubber industries in the BIE rubber park, TIDC proposed to
install a CETP at the rubber park.
The advantage of CETP is mostly sought due to the following benefits:
 The design advantages of the CETP are:
- Modular concept
- Extra provision to upgrade upto 40%
- Water reclamation and recycling
- Low treatment cost
- Encouragement to utilize the existing facility, if intended
 The immediate effect will be reduction in the discharge of industrial effluents in the
adjoining water body and this will be helpful to restore the normal flora and fauna
in it.
 The effluent discharge will comply with the guidelines given by TSPCB, CPCB and
MoEF and will not be harmful to the ecology of the receiving water body.
 This will also be helpful in decreasing the odour problem from the river. As a
result local environmental problems will be reduced and it will be beneficial to
local population and local fishery production. This will also ensure good water
source for wild life around the river.
 There will be reduction in nutrient load to the surrounding water bodies thus
reducing eutrophication of water bodies. The majority of the ammonia-N will be
converted into nitrate-N and the toxicity of ammonia to the aquatic organisms will
be reduced.
 Reduction in eutrophication of the river will make them suitable as the habitat for
the fish population, microorganisms, planktons, and other aquatic food web
organisms thus developing a sustainable ecosystem.
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 The green belt of diverse plants and the clean river wetlands would provide
suitable habitat for the birds in the area.
 The organic matter and nutrients removed in the form of biological sludge will act
as resource and will be used as manure for the plantation and green belt in the
industrial area and in agricultural fields in the surrounding area.
 Aesthetic appearance and quality of the river will be improved which will be useful
for the local people.
 Bathing water quality and river water quality for domestic use will be improved.
 There is no ecologically sensitive area within a 10 km radial distance of the project

site. No wildlife sanctuary or national park is present within the study area.
 A peripheral greenbelt/plantation, garden and lawn will be provided which will

improve the aesthetics of the area.
 As the proposed site is the industrial area away from residential area and all the
required care will be taken to control the pollution levels to minimum as discussed
in the relevant sections of this report, no adverse impacts are anticipated due to
construction of CETP during construction and operation phase.
 The unskilled and skilled manpower requirement during the construction and
operation phases for the CETP will generate permanent jobs and secondary jobs for
the operation and maintenance of plant. This will increase direct/indirect
employment opportunities and ancillary business development to some extent for
the local people. The employment opportunities as described above will create
beneficial impact on the local socio-economic environment.
 Adequate mitigation measures will be ensured to reduce odor emissions and

disease vectors from proposed site to eliminate the nuisance of ETP.
 Fly and mosquito breeding in the polishing ponds and drying lagoons will be
controlled by chemical addition (for ex. calcium hypochloride or chloride).
 The status of sanitation and community will be maintained in good condition at the
project site.
It is concluded that the present project is essential to reduce the pollution level in the area
from aesthetic point of view as well as from public health point of view. This will be helpful to
maintain the indigenous aquatic and terrestrial ecology. The expected reduction in pollution
levels would help in further level of industrialization and improvement in the socio-economic
status of the local people.
**********
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CHAPTER-9
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
PLAN
CHAPTER- 9: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The EIA study for the proposed Bodhjungnagar CETP has identified a few impacts that are likely
to arise during the operational activity and also vehicular activity inside the industrial premises.
The EIA has examined ambient, water, noise, soil and socio-economic effects of the activity from
the CETP. On evaluation of environmental impact, it is observed that the real benefits of the
existing activity can result only if the risks of pollution are minimized. This can be accomplished
through implementation of adequate preventive and control measures.
Where adverse impacts have been identified, the EIA has examined the extent to which these
impacts would be mitigated through the adoption of industry standard practice and guidelines
and following local legislative requirements. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
describes both generic good practice measures and site specific measures, the implementation
of which is aimed at mitigating potential impacts associated with the industrial activity.
9.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The main objectives of the environment management plan are:
 To treat the effluent from the nearby rubber industries to a stringent level so that the
effluent can be recycled & reused in the industrial units/safely discharged.
 To minimize the air emission, noise and hazardous waste with appropriate technology.
 To comply with all the regulations stipulated by MoEF/Central/State Pollution Control

Boards related to liquid effluents inlet discharge and air emission as per Air & water
pollution control laws.
 To encourage the member industries to carry out primary treatment of their effluent by
imposing the treatment charges based on pollution levels in the effluent sent to CETP.
 To handle hazardous waste as per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans
boundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2008 of Environment Protection Act,1986.
 To improve the overall environmental status and to improve methods of environment

management.
 To establish green belt/plantation around the project area to improve the aesthetics of
the area.
 To crate good occupational environment for the benefit of the employees to improve their
work efficiency.
 To take effective measures to curb the fire and accidental hazards on the project site.
 To arrange regular medical health check-up of the employees and to provide the medical
aid to them.
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 To conduct the skill up-gradation training programmes for the employees and conduct
training about preventive measures and conduct during onsite and off-site emergency
conditions.
 To allocate the required funds for the effective environmental management.
 Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for better environment.
 To adopt cleaner technology.
9.3 SIGNIFICANCE AND FEATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts, to instruct
contractors and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project work. The
EMP can be developed into a standalone document covering each stage of the industrial activity.
For each stage of the activity, the EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of
every potential ambient, water, noise, soil and socio-economic impact identified in the EIA. For
each impact, or operation, which could otherwise give rise to impact, the following information is
presented:
 A comprehensive listing of the mitigation measures.
 The parameters that should be monitored to ensure effective implementation of the

action.
 The timing for implementation of the action to ensure that the objectives of mitigation
are fully met.
The EMP comprises a series of components covering direct mitigation and environmental
monitoring, an outline waste management plan and restoration plan. Where residual impacts
remain, which may have moderate or significant impacts on the environment, mitigation
measures have been prescribed in this EIA, which will either reduce the impact to an acceptable
level or adequately offset it. Based on the impacts identified, a conceptual Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) is recommended as below:
9.3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Operation of the CETP does not involve any process that releases air pollutants other than
running of DGs when required and movement of effluent carrying tankers and other vehicles.
 It is recommended that all equipments related to emission control should be operated

within specified design parameters during activity.
 Stack emissions from DG sets should be monitored on a regular basis and appropriate
control methodology should be adopted if required.
 Greenbelt in and around CETP should be developed.
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Development of Greenbelt
The potential value of vegetation in controlling air pollution has been well recognized. Trees can
filter particulates and are effective pollutant sink. Vegetation also reduces noise level and
regulates the oxygen balance in the area by consuming released carbon dioxide as well as
removes air pollutants. In order to improve the aesthetic look of the area and enhance the land
use as well as to compensate for any loss in ecology during construction, adequate plantation
program should be planned.
The green belt is proposed to be developed along boundary of the CETP, roads, around the
waste water pit and other available spaces around the CETP. The general considerations
should be involved while developing the green belt are:
 The plant species will be selected on the basis of their growth and morphological
characteristics (height, crown and ornamental values) and factors like availability of
local species.
 The species should be resistant to the pollutants.
 Planting trees should be undertaken in appropriate encircling in and around the

Industrial area.
 The trees should be protected by plantation of non palatable shrub species to avoid
browsing by animals.
The species selected for such green belt development in the CETP area is presented in Table –
9.1
Table 9.1: Suggested native Plant species for Green belt Development
Sl. No. Common Name Scientific Name
1 Bel Aegle marmelos

2 Sirish Albizia lebbeck
3 Kanchan Bauhinia variegata
4 Haritaki Terminalia chebula
5 Krishna Chura Caesalpinea Pulcherima
6 Sal Shorea robusta
7 Bamboo* Bambusa sp.
8 Arjun Terminalia arjuna
9 Neem* Azadirecta indica
10 Nisundha Vitex nigunda
11 Bot Ficus Benghalensis
12 Segun Techtona grandis
13 Asatha Ficus religiosa
* Species effective for odour control also.
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9.3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
 It is recommended that while procuring major noise generating equipment such as

diesel generators etc. it should be of low noise level from manufacturer.
 Further, use of ear muffs/plugs and other protective devices should be provided to the
workforce in noise prone areas.
 Enclosures around noise sources may be provided depending on the size of the unit.
 Development of greenbelt is recommended.
9.3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT
 Considering the fact that every precaution should be taken to avoid soil contamination.
This will help in avoiding further deterioration of land.
 Treated solid wastes should be disposed off in lined pits or engineered landfills.
 Industrial solid wastes should be disposed off as per the regulations.
 Greenbelt in and around CETP should be developed
9.3.4 WATER AND WASTE WATER ENVIRONMENT
Baring a few parameters, the ground and surface water quality of the BIE and its surrounding 10
km radius conforms the CPCB standards of drinking water quality. However surveillance of
ground and surface water quality may be done by a regulatory body to ascertain the quality of
the water on regular basis.
 Trained personnel should be engaged for operating CETP.

 Scheduled monitoring of influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants is
recommended for all parameters as per CPCB standards. This should be carried out by
individual industries.
 The treated effluent conforming to the prescribed regulatory standards should be
utilized for greenbelt development to the maximum extent possible hereby conserving
fresh water demand.
 Sewage generated from CETP needs to be treated by adopting appropriate treatment
technologies available.
 The treated liquid waste should be used for agriculture purposes in consultation with
TSPCB. Agricultural colleges in the region can also be involved.
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9.3.5 SOLID WASTE ENVIRONMENT
Disposal Options
Landfill: Non-hazardous and waste residual mud shall be disposed off by spreading,
drying and covering as per Landfill guidelines
Offsite Disposal: Wastes which cannot be handled at the site should be removed to a
designated offsite and suitably disposed for reuse/recycling/ municipal disposal
WASTE REDUCTION, REUSE & RECYCLE
Waste reduction effort will concentrate on reuse, recycling, minimization of packaging material,
reduction in size of waste material and finally reduction of time spent on location. Minimization
of waste material centers on reducing packaging materials.
The volume of the waste material should be reduced via onsite compaction. This will reduce the
number of vehicle movements required for waste removal, as well as reducing the size of the
landfill required. Wherever possible, use of water will be minimized and recycled.
Used medical wastes, inclusive of but not limited to bandage material, syringes etc., should be
collected in a special collection drum to minimize manual handling. Contents of the drum should
be labelled as biomedical waste and shipped offsite for treatment/ disposal.
9.3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
In order to avoid adverse environmental impacts, the discharge of the gaseous, liquid and
particulate waste into the atmosphere must be minimized. Rich and diverse vegetation in the
study area should be maintained.
Attention may be given on publication of zoological articles, guides, books and monographs
indicating importance of local and regional plant and animal life. Individuals who are local
authorities are important resources and should not be overlooked. Water runoff, erosion and
siltation should be minimized using appropriate method like plantation.
9.3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
In order to mitigate the adverse impacts on social and economic aspects, due to the proposed
CETP, it is necessary to formulate certain EMP measures for the smooth functioning and
commissioning of the project. The suggested measures are given below:
 Preference should be given for employment of the local people during operation of the
CETP, which will secure the economic status of the unemployed population on
temporary basis.
75
 Communication with the local community should be institutionalized & done on regular
basis by the project authorities to provide an opportunity for mutual discussion.
 Create various awareness campaigns in the community, specially related to basic

health, hygiene and sanitation.
 Vocational training programmes must be organized for the local people that may
develop their capacity and skills and will be helpful for them in getting more
employment opportunities.
 Protection of persons against dust emissions during industrial activity and

transportation activities.
 Welfare activities such as organizing medical check-up camps and extending facilities
to local population must be undertaken.
 Welfare measures may be decided and planned according to the priority and need of
the community.
 Environmental Awareness programmes must be organized to bring forth the

environmental management measures being undertaken & the beneficial aspects of the
existing project for improving their quality of life.
9.3.8 ODOUR MANAGEMENT
As the proposed CETP will deal with rubber industry effluent, appropriate steps should be taken
to manage and neutralise the obnoxious odour emitted by the effluent.
 The greenbelt already recommended in section 9.3.1 is expected to be effective in

controlling the odour from Rubber Industries. Development of Green belt is suggested
around the waste water pit presently being used for disposal of waste water from
Rubber Industries and also around suggested CETP for effective odour management.
 To protect the workers from occupational hazard of malodour inside the industry,
charcoal/ activated carbon mask should be used. Activated carbons are suitable for
impregnating with chemicals to control odour.
 To remove odour inside as well as outside the industry and from surrounding areas
essential oils (Concentrated or diluted by water) may be sprinkled with the help of
atomizer. Essential oils are derived from various plant parts like leaves, fruit, bark, root,
grass, wood, hardwood, seeds, flowers, twigs, buds etc. The oils are mixed with water
and sprayed into the air. The mix in these droplets separates and the oil form a thin
76
film over the water droplet itself and inside the droplet. The exterior ‘skin’ formed by
the oils create an electrostatic charge over its outer surface. This charge attracts the
odour molecules onto and into the droplet. Although the water droplet is quite minute,
it is still large enough to capture the malodour molecules, and affect the neutralization
process.
 For controlling obnoxious smell coming out from rubber effluent, non toxic odour
control products that are available in the market may be adopted to mitigate the
problem.
(Source: Guidelines On Odour Pollution & Its Control, May2008, Central Pollution Control Board Ministry of Environment &
Forests, Govt. Of India, Delhi. Odor and VOC Control Handbook, Harold J. Rafson, 1998, McGraw Hill)
9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
To implement and supervise the environmental management plan effectively, a permanent

organizational set up is proposed by under the supervision of TIDC, the operator of BIE. This set
up consists of an Environmental Management Cell (EMC) consisting of officers from various
disciplines having assigned responsibilities to coordinate the activities concerned with the
management and implementation of environmental control measures. The organizational
structure is shown in Fig. 9.1.
Fig. 9.1: Organizational Set-Up of Environmental Cell
Chief Environmental Officer
Shift Environmental officer/Chemist
Operators/Field Analyst/Trainees
9.4.1 RESPONSIBILTITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
The EMC has the primary responsibility of effective implementation of the mitigation measures
delineated in Chapter 4 to minimize the anticipated impacts due to CETP during Construction
Phase and Operation Phase. In addition, the EMC has the responsibility to undertake the
77
monitoring of environmental pollution by monitoring the effluent quantity and quality, air
quality, water quality, noise level, plantations either departmentally or by appointing external
agency whenever necessary. Bodhjungnagar CETP will have its own Quality Control Laboratory
facility equipped with different essential equipments i.e. Analytical balance, pH meter, COD
heating apparatus, hot plate, oven, incubator, magnetic stirrer, and necessary glass‐wares in
addition to sophisticated instruments which will be available for analysis of environment
parameters.
Regular environmental monitoring will be carried out to ensure that pollution is limited below
prescribed limits and to take corrective action by either optimizing the treatment process or
providing new equipment or improving the performance of existing pollution control equipment.
In case the monitored results of environment pollution will indicate parameters exceeding the
prescribed limits, remedial actions will be taken through the concerned authorities. The actual
operation and maintenance of pollution control equipments of each department will be under
respective department heads.
The Environmental Management Cell will also look after for preparation of environment
statement, carrying out environment audit, preparation of Water Cess Return and various consent
applications and renewal under water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as well as application for authorization and its
renewal under Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans-boundary Movement)
Amendment Rules, 2008 under Environment Protection Act,1986.
**********
78
CHAPTER-10
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER- 10: CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
Tripura Industrial Development Corporation (TIDC), an undertaking of Government of Tripura has

established and developed the Bodhjungnagar Industrial Estate as a premier hub of Industrial
activities in the state of Tripura. This Industrial Estate is located 12 km away from the state
capital Agartala. The National Highway No. 44 is only 5.15 km away. Nearest Railway Station is at
a distance of 7 km and the Agartala Airport is 23 km away. The total area in BIE is more than 500
acres.
The friendly industrial policies of the Tripura State have boosted industrialization in the state
resulting in the creation of a no. of Industrial Estates. The BIE being the largest of them all and by
virtue of being well connected to the rest of the state and the country as a whole has attracted a
no. of Industries, both big and small. The industries in the area have formed an association
under the TIDC supervision, which is playing a key role in creating and maintaining very healthy
communication between government, industries and society at large, besides dissemination of
information to its constituent members.
Tripura being the second largest rubber producer of the country, TIDC has developed an
exclusive Rubber Park in the BIE, covering an area of 50 acres, to give a fillip to the rubber
industry. With a view to cater to the needs of the rubber industries, establishment of a 500 KLD
capacity CETP in the rubber park has been planned which will eliminate multiple disposals into
surface water and will also lead to single discharge, which will be maintained/controlled by
competent agency.
The operation of the CETP will result in decreasing the pollution levels in the Industrial Estate and
thereby in protection and restoration of the ecology of the region. The setting up of the CETP will
also be a boon to the workers in the adjoining industrial units, as it will help prevent possible
diseases and ailments.
The project is expected to accelerate employment opportunities to local people and open a new
vista for development of trade and industry. Since the setting up of the CETP is a step towards
reducing environmental pollution in the area, more and more industrial units including ancillary
units will strive to set up their units in this Industrial Estate. This will give further impetus to
growth process resulting to greater employment opportunities to the local people. At present, a
large percentage of the population is dependent on agriculture. With the implementation of the
proposed project, the occupational pattern of the people in the area will change making more
people engage in industrial and business activities ensuring further shifting of population from
agriculture to industry.
**********
79
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE- I
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD (NAAQS)
Central Pollution Control Board

[Notification No. – B-29016/20/90/PCI-I. Dated- 18th November, 2009]
Concentration in Ambient Air

Time Weighted
Sl. No. Pollutant Ecologically Sensitive Area
Average Industrial, Residential, Rural
(Notified by Central
& Other Area
Government)
Annual * 50 20
1 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), µg/m3
24 hrs** 80 80
Annual * 40 30
2 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), µg/m3
24 hrs** 80 80
Annual * 60 60
Particulate Matter (Size less
3
than 10µm) or PM10, µg/m3
24 hrs** 100 100
Annual * 40 40
Particulate Matter (Size less
4
than 2.5 µm) or PM2.5, µg/m3
24 hrs. ** 60 60
8 hrs** 100 100
5 Ozone (O3), µg/m3
1 hr 180 180
Annual * 0.5 0.5
6 Lead (Pb), µg/m3
24 hrs. ** 1.0 1.0
8 hrs** 02 02
7 Carbon Monoxide (CO), mg/m3
1 hr 04 04
Annual * 100 100
8 Ammonia (NH3), µg/m3
24 hrs. ** 400 400
9 Benzene (C6H6), µg/m3 Annual * 05 05
Benzopyrene (BaP),
10 Annual * 01 01
Particulate Phase only, ng/m3
11 Arsenic (As), ng/m3 Annual * 06 06
12 Nickel (Ni), ng/m3 Annual * 20 20
* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 readings in a year at a particular site.

These are 24 hourly measurements, taken twice a week, at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly/ 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year.
However, 2 % of the time it may exceed the limits, but not on two consecutive days of monitoring.
Note
Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceed the values specified above for the respective category, it shall be
considered adequate reason to institute regular/ continuous monitoring and further investigation.
*******
ANNEXURE- II
Classification of Inland Surface Water

(CPCB Standards)
Sl.
Characteristics A@ B@ C@ D@ E@
No.
1 Dissolved Oxygen, mg/l,Min 6 5 4 4 -
2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand, mg/l. Max 2 3 3 - -
3 Total Coliform Organisms,* MPN/100 ml, max 50 500 5000 - -
4 Total Dissolved Solids, mg/l, Max. 500 - 1500 - 2100
5 Chlorides (as Cl), mg/l, Max. 250 - 600 - 600
6 Colour, Hazen units, Max. 10 300 300 - -
7 Sodium absorption ratio, Max. - - - - 26
8 Boron (as B), mg/l, Max. - - - - 2
9 Sulphates (as SO4), mg/l, Max 400 - 400 - 1000
10 Nitrates (as NO3), mg/l, Max. 20 - 50 - -
11 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/l, Max. - - - 1.2 -
12 Conductivity at 25oC, micromhos/cm, Max. - - - 1.0 2.25
13 pH value 6.5-8.5 t 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.0
14 Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max. 0.05 0.2 0.2 - -
15 Iron (as Fe) mg/l, Max. 0.3 - 50.0 - -
16 Fluorides (as F), Mg/l, Max. 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -
17 Lead (as Pb),mg/l, Max. 0.1 - 0.1 - -
18 Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max. 1.5 - 1.5 - -
19 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max. 15.0 - 15.0 - -
 If the coliform count is found to be more than the prescribed tolerance limits, the criteria for coliforms shall be
satisfied if not more than 20 percent of samples show more than the tolerance limits specified, and not more than 5
percent of samples show values more than 4 times the tolerance limits. Further, the fecal coliform should not be more
than 20 percent of the coliform. Source: Indian Standard (IS:229 - 1982).
A: Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection

B: Outdoor bathing (organised)
C: Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection
D: Propagation of Wildlife, Fisheries
E: Irrigation, Industrial cooling, Controlled waste disposal
ANNEXURE- III
INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRINKING WATER
[IS: 10500]
Sl. No. Parameters Desirable Limit
01 Colour (Hazen Units), Max 5
02 Odour Unobjectionable
03 Taste Agreeable
04 Turbidity, NTU, Max 5
05 pH 6.5 – 8.5
06 Total hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max 300
07 Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max 200
08 Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.30
09 Chlorides (as Cl), mg/l, Max 250
10 Dissolved solids, mg/l, Max 500
11 Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max 75
12 Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max 0.05
13 Sulphate (as SO4), mg/l, Max 200
14 Nitrate (as NO3), mg/l, Max 45
15 Fluoride (as F), mg/l, Max 01
16 Residual Free Chlorine, mg/l, Min 0.20
17 Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max 0.05
18 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.05
19 Boron (as B), mg/l, Max 1.00
20 Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH), mg/l, Max 0.001
21 Faecal Coliform (as MPN/100ml), Max NIL
******
ANNEXURE- IV
INDIAN STANDARDS
FOR INDUSTRIAL AND SEWEGE EFFLUENT DISCHARGE
IS: 2490
Into Public On Land for Into Inland Sewage

Parameters
Sewers Irrigation Surface Water Farming
01. Colour -- -- -- --
02. pH Value 5.5- 9 5.5- 9 5.5- 9 5.5- 9
03. Suspended Solids, (mg/l) 600 200 100 30
04. Dissolved Solids, (mg/l) 2100 2100 2100 --
05. Oil & Grease, (mg/l) 20 10 10 --
06. Total Residual Chlorine, (mg/l) -- -- 1 --
07. Ammonical Nitrogen, (mg/l) 50 -- 50 --
08. Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen, (mg/l) -- -- 100 --
09. Free Ammonia [as NH3], (mg/l) -- -- 5 --
10. Biochemical Oxygen Demand, (mg/l) 350 100 30 20
11. Chemical Oxygen Demand, (mg/l) -- -- 250 --
12. Arsenic [as As], (mg/l) 0.2 0.2 0.2 --
13. Mercury [as Hg], (mg/l) 0.01 -- 0.01 --
14. Lead [as Pb], (mg/l) 1 -- 0.1 --
15. Cadmium [as Cd], (mg/l) 1 -- 2 --
16. Hexavalent Chromium [as Cr6+], (mg/l) 2 -- 0.1 --
17. Total Chromium [as Cr], (mg/l) 2 -- 2 --
18. Copper [as Cu], (mg/l) 3 -- 3 --
19. Zinc [as Zn], (mg/l) 15 -- 5 --
20. Selenium [as Se], (mg/l) 0.05 -- 0.05 --
21. Nickel [as Ni], (mg/l) 3 -- 3 --
22. Boron [as B], (mg/l) 2 2 2 --
23. Percent Sodium -- 60 -- --
24. Residual Sodium Carbonate, (mg/l) -- 50 -- --
25. Cyanide [as Cn], (mg/l) 0.2 0.2 0.2 --
26. Chloride [as Cl], (mg/l) 1000 600 1000 --
27. Fluoride [as F], (mg/l) 15 -- 2 --
28. Dissolved Phosphate [as P], (mg/l) -- -- 5 --
29. Sulphate [as SO4], (mg/l) 1000 1000 1000 --
30. Sulphide [as S], (mg/l) -- -- 2 --
31. Pesticides Absent Absent Absent Absent
32. Phenolic Compounds [as C6H5OH], (mg/l) 6 -- 1 --

ANNEXURE- V
AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL ST AN DARDS

SCHEDULE
[Rule 3(1) and 4(1) of Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000]
Limit in dB (A) in Leq*

Area Code Category of Area/ Zone
Day Time Night Time
A Industrial Area 75 70
B Commercial Area 65 55
C Residential Area 55 45
D Silence Zone 50 40
NOTES:
1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 am to 10.00 pm.

2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 pm to 6.00 am.
3. Silence Zone is an area comprising an area not less than 100 m around Hospitals, Educational
Institutions, Courts, Religious Places or any other area which is declared as such by the
competent authority.
4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by
the Component Authority.
* dB (A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is related to
human hearing.
"A", in dB (A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to
frequency response characteristics of human ear.
Leq: It is energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.
******
END
OF
REPORT

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ILFS- Cluster Development Initiative Ltd.

PROPOSED 500 KLD

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

TRIPURA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED

Ref. No.: ECSS/DV-EIA/TIDC/01/2-2016

INDEX NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1.2 PROJECT DETAILS

1.2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND

Source: Department of Industries & Commerce, Govt. of Tripura

1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT

1.4 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT

Rapid industrialization is adversely impacting the environment globally. Pollution by

1.4.1 CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT

Fig. 1.1: Location of the Project

1.6 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT

Introductory information is presented in this Chapter. The introduction provides a

Chapter 2: Project Description

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

This Chapter provides Baseline Environmental Status of Environmental components

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives

Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program

Chapter 8: Project Benefits

Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan

Chapter 10: Conclusion

2.1 ABOUT BODHJUNGNAGAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE

2.2 ABOUT THE CETP

Points North East

2.2.1 CONNECTIVITY OF THE CETP

2.3 PROCESS DETAILS OF THE PROJECT

2.3.1 PRIMARY TREATMENT

2.3.2 SECONDARY TREATMENT

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT- BIO TOWER SYSTEM (BT)

ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS SYSTEM (ASP)

2.3.3 TERTIARY TREATMENT SYSTEM

MULTI GRADE PRESSURE SAND FILTER

ADVANCED MEMBRANE FILTRATION - ULTRA FILTRATION

2.3.4 SLUDGE TREATMENT

Fig. 2.1: Layout of CETP

The details of various components of the CETP are given below:

SL. NO. PARTICULARS QUANTITY

1 Stilling Chamber 1 No.

Parameter for Inlet Effluent Quality of CETP Standards (Concentration in mg/l)

Oil & grease 20

Phenolic Compounds 5.0

Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N) 50

Cyanide (as N) 2.0

Chromium hexavalent (as Cr+6) 2.0

Chromium (total) (as Cr) 2.0

Lead (as Pb) 1.0

Nickel (as Ni) 3.0

Zinc (as Zn) 15

Arsenic (as As) 0.2

Mercury (as Hg) 0.01

Cadmium (as Cd) 1.0

Selenium (as Se) 0.05

Boron (as B) 2.0

Alpha emitters, Hc/ml -7

Parameters Into Inland Public Sewer On Land for Into Marine

Oil & Grease 10 20 10 20

in any section of the

Dissolved Solids 2100 2100 2100 --

Source: The Gazette of India: Extraordinary-Part i- Sec..3(i)pp11Dt. 27.2.91