Power of Imagery

I always look at the sketch first!!

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Power of Imagery
• Sinong Jene?
Payat
Medyo Maputi
Maiksi at itim ang buhok
May salamin
SO ni Yam

• Sinong Yam?
Straight at hanggang leeg ang buhok
Brown, smiling eyes like bottomless pools
Chubby Cheeks

Inviting, warms-your-soul smile

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Imagery as Leverage

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Principles of Unmanned Aerial
Systems (UAS) and its Geodetic
Engineering Applications

Engr. John Louie D. Fabila

Lecturer, Department of Geodetic Engineering
University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon
City

GEP Mindanao Area Assembly | December 01, 2018

Department of Geodetic Engineering:
Lecturer in Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Remote Sensing
part of delegation of Lecturer for Cambodian LiDAR

Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry

Researcher, recently with
DREAM-PhilLiDAR Program
PRISM program of D.A.
LandS Mode program of L.M.B.

TerraSolutions, Chief Technological Officer

Social Media Influencer (11 Facebook friends)

 UNMANNED

AERIAL

SYSTEMS

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 UNMANNED

AERIAL

SYSTEMS

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 UNMANNED

AERIAL

SYSTEMS

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 The rise of the UAS
• Less overhead acquisition
cost
• Less processing software
cost
• More accommodating
software

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Photogrammetric
Camera
• Excellent imagery
• Camera 3x bigger
• Calibrated camera
• Stable Mounting

• If we target a 4cm Ground sampling

Distance, can cover 2,000-3,000 hectares in
half-day
• > 10M Php, (camera setup)
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Cost of Acquisition
• 1.18M Php for 15,000
hectares
• Locally, 1,000Php / ha;
minimum 1,000 hectare

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Tariff 2015
 The rise of the UAS
• Less overhead • DPW
acquisition cost
• Less processing
software cost • Industry standard traditional
software ~5x cost of Industry
• More accommodating standard UAV software
software • Open to monthly subscription
• Presence of free and open
software
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Viewing and Measuring in 3D: Stereoscope

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Viewing and Measuring in 3D: shutter,
polarization

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Viewing and Measuring in 3D: Anaglyph

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 The rise of the UAS
• Less overhead • Functionalities of DPW can now
acquisition cost be done in powerful laptops,
workstations
• Less processing • Viewing in 3D can be done by
software cost GIS and other 3D enabled
software
• More accommodating
software

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 The rise of the UAS
• Less overhead
acquisition cost
• Less processing
software cost
• More accommodating
software
Photogrammetric camera vs off the shelf camera

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Getting 3D information from 2D

•Parallax formula

•Structure from Motion

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Stereoscopic Parallax

http://www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/learn/tutorials/stereosc/chap4/
Parallax Formula

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 Parallax formula

𝐵𝑓
𝐻𝑎 = 𝐻 −
𝑃𝑎

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Principle: Structure from Motion

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 UAV Types

Less consumption due to Motor Battery Always on;dependent on

ability to glide number of rotors,payload
See next slide Area Coverage per flight See next slide

Can’t hover (unless VTOL); Maneuverability can hover; nadir/oblique

nadir looking
Generally longer range Communication Link Generally shorter range

Generally more expensive Cost Generally cheaper

More prayers Landing/Level of less prayers

Religiousness of Operator
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LMB project: 16-ha tile, square configuration
UAV
eBee Phantom 4
Adv
1. GSD 3.7 cm 1.32 cm
2. Flight Time 26-28 minutes 68 minutes
3. Number of Flights 1 4
4. Number of Batteries* 1 4

5. Cross Flights YES NO

6. DSM Accuracy ≤ 10 cm ≤ 5 cm
7. GCP Marker 1mx1m 1mx1m
8. Height 130 60

9. Sensor 18.9 MP 20 MP
27
UAV Operations

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 Flight Planning
Overlap
• Forward Overlap/End Overlap
• Common area covered
by two successive
photos of the same
flight line or strip
• Usually (60 + 5)%
• Lateral Overlap/Side Overlap
• Common area covered
by two adjacent flight
lines/strips
• About (25-30 + 10)%

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Flight Planning Software for UAV

• Outline your AOI

• Bigger overlaps
used; 80-60
• Checks comm. Link
with UAV
• Checks battery
• Set desired Ground
Sampling Distance

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Photo control points
• Should be visible on acquired image!!!

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Orthophoto
Digital Surface Model
Digital Terrain Model
Use of DTM for flood analysis
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Data Processing

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Software

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General Procedures

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UAS in Isolated Surveys

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UAS in Isolated Surveys

• Using a platform with PPK capabilities, accuracy obtained are

comparable to the image processed with the use of GCPs.

• Based on the results in the 3 study sites, it can be said that the use of
UAS can be an alternative tool to generate orthomosaic images that
when processed correctly can provide parcel information comparable
to information obtained ground survey.

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UAS in Isolated Surveys
• LMB Memorandum Circular (LMC) No. 2017-003
• Adopting the alternative use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly
known as drones, in conducting land surveys, effective since January 26,
2018.

• LMB Technical Bulletin No. 2 series of 2017

• Contains standards and guidelines needed in the implementation of the LMC.

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3 METHOD: Simulation Set-up for Error Propagation

A. Clumped Center B. Distributed-Edge

C. Clumped - Edge D. Distributed-Edge & Center

 4 RESULTS: Error Propagation I - Distribution Test (RMSE)

GCP Number vs TotRMSEmag

12

10

8 A
GCP RMSE (m)

B
6
C

4 D

0
4 6 8 12 16 20 24
GCP Number

The more distributed your GCPs are placed in an area, the less error will
incur.
The more concentrated it is, the higher will the error be.
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Construction and Infrastructure Management

• Site inspections
• Construction Progress Monitoring
• Traffic Monitoring
• Bridge Inspections
• Roadway Asset Inventories

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• TechMaps Video presentation

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Naga Cebu DTM
Landslide in Naga, Cebu September 20. 2018
“Sana kahapon pa to”
Paano kung umulan?
• Naga.mp4

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 Elevation
Before After
Flood Height
Before After
 Conclusion
• UAS is a paradigm shifting technology

• It has levelled the playing field for geospatial

practitioners

• The only thing that limits its application is your

imagination

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Salamat sa hindi paghilik ng malakas

Questions? | jdfbila@up.edu.ph

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