Contemporary Philippine

Arts From The Regions

Quarter 2
Different Contemporary
Art Techniques And
Performance Practices

Department of Education ⚫ Republic of the Philippines

Quarter 2
 UNIT 3
DIFFERENT CONTEMPORARY
ART TECHNIQUES AND
PERFORMANCE PRACTICES
 Technique is the manner in which artists use and manipulate materials to achieve
the desired form effect, and communicate the desired concept or meaning according
to his or her personal style (modern, neoclassic, etc.). The distinctive character or
nature of the medium determines the technique. See for example below.

1. Stone in chiseled 2. wood is carved 3. Clay is modeled and shape

Photo fromcommons.wikimedia.org Photo from orientalsouls.com Photo from buddymantra.com

4. Metal is cast 5. Thread is woven.

Photo from artisansofleisure.com

Photo from riversofsteel.com

Technique involves tools and technology, ranging from the most traditional (For
example: carving, silkscreen, analog photography, and filmmaking) to the most
contemporary (digital photography, digital filmmaking, music production, industrial
design, and robotics).

Traditional Techniques

Wood Carving

Wood Carving is an art that has been practiced all

over the world but very avidly in Southeast Asia where
great.pieces of woodwork have been crafted throughout
the ages. Siem Reap was a center of arts for many years
during the Angkor Empire, with sculptures of Apsara,
Angkor tales and other stories regularly adorning the royal
compounds. Today, these very same sculptures are made
Photo from
by craftsmen and placed in hotels all over Siem Reap. https://news.destination-asia.com/woo
6
1
Silk-screen printing

Is one of the most popular printing techniques, and is

most-used by companies when printing design onto
products of different sizes and materials. It has been use
for more than 100 years in the commercial and artistic
sector and is mainly used for printing images and designs
on T-shirts, Tote bags, paper, wood, ceramics
Photo from
and other materials. https://camaloon.com/blog/what-is-silk-
screen-printing
How does Silk-screen printing work?

In order to print using the silk-screen printing technique, different materials are
used. To start with, the printing frame is created, or rather, the design is printed onto a
sheet so that the ink can be transferred.

The frame is placed on the T-shirt and with the help of a scraper the colours are
screened (one layer for each colour, up to a maximum of four colours).

Whenever applying a layer with the frame ink, it is left to dry and then can be used
for another application.

In spite of its craftsmanship in recent years, silk-screen printing has become more
modern, and there is now ink and machinery available that enables us to obtain
results of superfine quality.

For this reason, nowadays there are more and more companies that decide to op t
for silk-screen printing when creating T-shirts and other items with their logo.

Photo from Photo from

https://camaloon.com/blog/what-is-silk- https://camaloon.com/blog/what-is-silk-
screen-printing screen-printing

Analogue Photography

Analogue photography refers to photography using an

analogue camera and film. A roll of film loaded into the…
camera and the magic begins once you start clicking: light
interacts with the chemicals in the film and an image is
recorded. The pictures collected in your film roll come to…
life when the film is processed in a photo lab. Photo from
https://microsites.lomography.com/anal
ogue-photography-101/
Filmmaking

Film production is the process of making a film. The

direction or production of films for the cinema or television.
It is a visual story telling. Film making involves a number
of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or
commission, through screenwriting, casting, shooting,
sound recording and reproduction, editing, and screening
the finished product before an audience that may result in Photo from
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-pr
a film release and exhibition. ocess-of-filmmaking-like

Film making takes place in many places around the world in a range of economic,
social, and political contexts, and using a variety of technologies and cinematic
techniques. Typically, it involves a large number of people, and can take from a few
months to several years to complete.

5 Stages of Filmmaking:

1st. Development - the first stage in which the ideas for the film are created, rights to
books/plays are bought etc., and the screenplay is written. Financing for the project
has to be sought and green lit.

2nd. Pre-production - Preparation are made for the shoot, in which cast and film crew
are hired, locations are selected and sets are built.

3rd. Production - The raw elements for the film are recorded during the film shoot.

4th. Post production - The images, sound, and visual effects of the recorded film are
edited.

5th. Distibution - The finished film is distributed and screened in cinemas and
released to home video.

Filmmaker is the one who takes the onus of a feature film from beginning to end,
and most commonly fulfills the dual role of producer and director (or more).

Contemporary Techniques

Digital photography

Uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photo .

detectors to capture images focused by a lens, as
opposed to an exposure on photographic film. The
captured images are digitized and stored as a computer
file ready for further digital processing, viewing, .
electronic publishing, or digital printing. Photo from
http://rebloggy.com/post/photography-
art-dream-surreal-conceptual-digital-pho
tography-illusion-laura-wil/78504260932
Digital film making

Is the norm these days, enabling filmmakers to blend art and digital media and
speed up the process of film making as well as be more creative and enterprising in
the special effects department.

In short, more flexible digital cameras—such as the Panasonic HVX 200 and the
RED One and Scarlet cameras—and editing software such as Final Cut Pro Studio,
have made the cinematographer's and editor's jobs easier and made it possible for
filmmakers to produce quality films at much less expensive cost.

Music production

It is the process of creating a recorded music project. A record producer usually

handles music production, managing every aspect. That can include being a critical
part of the creative process, such as deciding what instruments are used and
contributing to song arrangements. Since music production plays a vital role in the
quality of the final product, it can make or break the success of an album. Record
producers give recommendations on which songs are best to record; manage
financial aspects of recording; hire outside performers, if needed; and work with
sound engineers in the recording process.

Industrial design

It is a combination of art and engineering; drawing skills, creativity and technical

knowledge are critical. Industrial designers usually choose to work on products in a
specific industry, such as the medical, automobile, or technology industry.

Robotics

It is an interdisciplinary research area at the interface of computer

science[1] and engineering. Robotics involves design, construction, operation, and
use of robots. The goal of robotics is to design intelligent machines that can help and
assist humans in their day-to-day lives and keep everyone safe.
Remember these key points:

 Technique involves tools and technology

 The distinctive character or nature of the medium determines the

technique.

What’s In

“Medium” (material) and “Technique” (ways of handling material).

These are the important components of form through actual and hands-on
activities. Medium and techniques involves all our senses (sensing), which enable us
to understand or make sense of a work of art;

Medium and techniques are not neutral or accidental but are part of the meaning
of the work. They also determine, to a very large extent, the ways in which we
experience and respond to the artwork. In contemporary art, medium has become
increasingly independent of conventions; artist explore and invent new medium and
techniques, thereby expanding the range of artistic resources.

What Is It

In this Lesson, we will learn that the way the artist’s choose their material and the
manner by which they use these materials are what makes the heart of making art,
and these involve process and transformation for example, artist transform clay into
pottery, as well as stone into a statue, or bamboo into a nipa hut, and sound into
music.

Medium define as the material, or the substance out of which a work is made.
Through this materials, the artist express and communicate feelings and ideas.

There are local Material where you can find creatively made; and these are as
follows:
PUNI OR PALM FOLDING
SINGKABAN OR BAMBOO ART
SANICULAS COOKIE MOLD CARVINGS

PABALAT OR PASTILLAS WRAPPER CUTTING ART

TAKA
PAGBUBURDA

What’s In

Activity 1. Review

Traditional art aimed to represent reality or realism through narrative that can be
seen or reflected in painting, indigenous art, Islamic arts, Kut-Kut arts, performing arts
and architecture.

Modern art aimed to throw aside the tradition of the past and experiment with
new ways of seeing and with fresh ideas about the nature of materials and functions
of art. This type of art played and experimented with more bold and abstract ideas.

Contemporary art is much more focused on social or society focused. They

usually reflect or comment on modern society using new techniques and materials,
such as videos or technology. Contemporary art can be completely new, or
influenced by past artworks or artists.

What’s New
 What Is It

Art criticism is analyzing and evaluating works of art. As art critics, when we look
at a painting, sculpture, or other form of art, we don't approach it as something that
we like or dislike. We view it in a business-like way. For example, does the artwork
represent a particular era, movement, or style? In approaching art criticism, just think
of yourself as a detective. In other words, what makes art 'art'?
 In the lesson, you learned about the four steps art critics follow in the process of
critiquing a work of art. Choose a painting or artistic photograph to work with and take
yourself through these steps.

Art criticism involves four basic steps, including:

1. Look at the obvious

2. Analyze the artwork
3. Decide on an interpretation
4. Make a judgment call

1. Look at the Obvious

In the course of your daily life, you'll most likely have to provide others with some
general information about yourself, such as your name, address, or school. When
critiquing an art piece, you'll be looking for that same type of information about the
artist. For example, what's the name of the piece? What's the name of the artist?
What country was he or she from? What medium did the artist use, such as paint,
clay, film, or other type of material?

2. Analyze the Artwork

Next you have to describe the piece of art in terms of its subject matter, color, and
style. For example, if you're looking at a painting, do you see people, a landscape, or
an object? Let's say you see a woman. Is she smiling? Is she frowning? What is she
wearing? Is she doing anything? Check out the color palette, which is a spectrum of
colors used by the artist. Sometimes you can tell from the color during which century
the piece was created. Do you see pastels, or do you see bright colors? Maybe you
see more muted tones. Look at the style. Style refers to a particular type of movement,
such as Art Nouveau or Cubism. If the woman is very realistic, you may want to look
at periods prior to 1910.

3. Decide on an Interpretation

Now that you've examined the artwork, what does it all mean? John Q. Public
would like to hear what you think is going on in the painting. Sometimes your
interpretation may be more straightforward; other times, you'll be calling John's
attention to a hidden meaning. For instance, Salvador Dalí, the surrealist painter,
specialized in hidden meanings, which stem from sexual trauma to science and
religion.

4. Make a Judgment Call

Last, but not least, an art critic needs to make a judgment call. For example, what
did you think of the artwork? In this step you have to go beyond 'I like it', 'I love it', or
even 'I hate it'. In making your judgment call, you need to ask yourself if the work was
successful. For instance, did it convey the message the artist intended? Was the
composition, color, and line quality successful in, say, representing Bauhaus, Swiss
Design, or Art Nouveau? In art criticism, judgment is never personal; it is about
interpreting the art and whether the art communicates a message to the audience.
 What’s In

Arts comes from the word “ars” which means Skill.

Artists have their personal reasons for indulging in art. Example: The poet, Edwin
Markham, wrote the poem, “THE MAN WITH THE HOE” because he was inspired by
the painting of the farmer that he had seen or encounter.

Others do their things because of their passion for their respective art form. For
example, Gary Valenciano renders concerts for free because he loves singing.

What Is It

As explained on the previous lessons, contemporary artists are producing

artworks that are more process-based, site-specific, interactive, and collaborative.
Most contemporary and modern artist are more personal and expressionist in their
use of color; taking liberties with color schemes to convey mood, atmosphere and
symbolic potential as opposed to conveying literal meaning.

For example, in the River of Life, 1954, modern artists Galo Ocampo colored the
bodies, trees and earth very differently and intensely; creating a desolate, nightmarish
landscape that conveys his idea of extreme suffering in a depleted world.
 General Santos-born Leeroy, a graduate of the Philippine High School for the Arts
in Makiling, Los Bańos creates fantasy landscape with an intense, often
polychromatic color scheme in his painting, costume, set design, sculpture installation
often paired with performance Art as a means of expressing a personal cosmology.
Leeroy has created a variety of installations, lending his futuristic style to different
occasions. In 2017, he created ‘rhizome colony’, a biomorphic alien structure situated
on one of the lakes during Thailand’s wonder fruit festival. ‘The cultural disconnect of
museums and galleries in manila motivated me and my performance-based
collaborators to do more public works and sometimes employ guerrilla strategies.’

In 2015, the artist used assorted industrial materials like water hoses, flexible
conduits, cable ties, and even toys, to create polyp, an installation that he wanted to
resemble the complexities of marine life. The installation was used as performance
space and was commissioned for the APEC (applied power electronics conference)
in Boracay.
 Polyp, an installation created by the artist to resemble complex marine life.

Leeroy also employs other materials such as latex and bamboo, the latter he
used to create chrysalis – a bamboo installation in collaboration with the Regional
Government of Ilocos Norte in the Philippines. Its boat shape was a reference to the
local myth which told the story of the region’s patron saint being brought to them via
Spanish galleon that sank beyond the coasts.

Chrysalis, a bamboo installation in the Philippines designed to resemble a boat.

Leeroy’s aliens of Manila are slowly making their way across borders. Earlier this
year, the artist arrived in New York as part of an immersive exhibition titled “Aliens of
Manila: New York Colony”. He will also be the subject of an exhibition at the Palais de
Tokyo in June, which explores the concept of mega cities. The show, titled “City
Prince(s)”, features four Filipino artists from cities such as Dhaka, Lagos, Manila,
Mexico City, and Tehran.
 Aliens of manila: New York colony, an immersive sit-specific installation
responding to the structure of Pintŏ International’s Headquarters in New York’s East
Village.