Part III and IV

Planning and Organizing as a Managerial Function

• Planning
Planning is the function of management that involves setting objectives and determining a
course of action for achieving those objectives. Planning requires that managers be aware of
environmental conditions facing their organization and forecast future conditions. It also requires
that managers be good decision makers.
• Organizing
Organizing is the function of management that involves developing an organizational
structure and allocating human resources to ensure the accomplishment of objectives. The
structure of the organization is the framework within which effort is coordinated. Organizing
also involves the design of individual jobs within the organization. Decisions must be made
about the duties and responsibilities of individual jobs, as well as the way the duties should be
carried out.

• How a manager plans and organizes for his company.

A management style is a way in which a manager works to fulfill their goals.
Management style includes the way that a manager plans, organizes, makes decisions, delegates,
and manages their staff. It can vary widely depending on the company, level of management,
industry, country, and culture, as well as the person themself.

• Types of Planning

➢ Strategic Planning
Strategic planning is a management process for defining a company's long-term vision,
direction, and actions. It is a strategy to figure out what potential business opportunities
exist for the company. It helps to align different initiatives, and get people focused on a
single goal.

➢ Tactical Planning
Tactical planning is the practice of prioritizing tasks and delegating them to team
members in a way that will get the task accomplished. Tactical planning means figuring
out what needs to be done to achieve a goal, which team member can do it, and when
they can get it done.

➢ Operational Planning
 Operational planning is used to define the processes, procedures, and tasks that are
needed to effectively coordinate the physical resources involved in an operation. In
practice, operational planning is the process of deciding what tasks need to be done to
create a product or service. It can be defined as the detailed routing of resources, efforts,
and time in the production of goods and services.
• Organizational Structure
Organizational structure (OS) is the systematic arrangement of human resources in an
organization so as to achieve common business objectives. It outlines the roles and
responsibilities of every member of the organization so that work and information flow
seamlessly, ensuring the smooth functioning of an organization.
Elements of Organizational Structure

➢ Designing jobs,
➢ Departmentalization or Grouping Jobs,
➢ Establishing reporting relationships between jobs,
➢ Distributing authority among jobs,
➢ Coordinating activities among jobs, and
➢ Differentiating among positions.
• Purposes of Organizing.
The purpose of organizing function of management is to create a clear environment so that
everyone knows as who is to do what, who is responsible for what results, to remove obstacles
to performance caused by confusion and ensure certainty of assignment, to create
an environment to achieve the efficiency of people towards the accomplishment of organization
goals.
REFERENCES
iEduNote (2022) 6 Elements of Organizational Structure

https://www.iedunote.com/organizational-structure-
elements#:~:text=Elements%20of%20Organizational%20Structure%20are%3B%201%20Designing%20jobs%2C,activities%20am
ong%20jobs%2C%20and%206%20Differentiating%20among%20positions

Libraries (2022) 1.5 Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling Principles of Management.

https://open.lib.umn.edu/principlesmanagement/chapter/1-5-planning-organizing-leading-and-controlling-2/

Study.com (2021) Types of Planning Overview & Purpose.

https://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-planning-strategic-tactical-operational-contingency-planning.html

Study Lecture Note (2022) Organizing Function of Management, Steps & Purpose of Organizing.

http://studylecturenotes.com/organizing-function-of-management-steps-purpose-of-
organizing/#:~:text=Purpose%20of%20Organizing%20The%20purpose%20of%20an%20organization,perform%20means%20tha
t%20the%20purpose%20of%20organizing%20is

Valamis (2022) Management Styles.

https://www.valamis.com/hub/management-
styles#:~:text=A%20management%20style%20is%20a%20way%20in%20which,and%20culture%2C%20as%20well%20as%20the
%20person%20themself.