MGAO HEALTH TRAINING INSTITUTE

BASIC TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

(NTA LEVEL 4) SEMESTER I
CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I
MODULE CODE: PST 04104
MODULE NAME: PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS
Time: 2: 00 HOURS DATE: __________/______/2022
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Read all instructions carefully.
2. Write your Candidates name and NACTE registration number on each page
you use.
3. Attempt all questions. The responses should be written in the spaces provided
as instructed on each section.
4. Cellular phones and unauthorized materials are NOT allowed in the
examination room
5. Each essay question to be answered on not more than 2-3 hand written pages.
6. No additional answer sheets will be provided
7. Failure to follow instructions will lead to loss of marks
8. This paper consists of five (5) sections
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
ALLOCATED SCORED INITIAL INITIAL
SECTION TYPES OF QUESTIONS SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
MARKS MARKS OF MARKER OF VERIFIER
A MULTIPLE CHOICE 10

B MULTIPLE TRUE/FALSE 10

C MATCHING ITEMS 10

D SHORT ANSWER 40

E ESSAY 30

TOTAL 100

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (10 marks)
 INSTRUCTIONS;
 This section consists of ten(10) questions
 write a letter of the most correct answer
 All responses should be in CAPITAL LETTERS
 One mark (1) will be awarded for each correct answer
1. Choose the mostly correct answer and write it in the box provided by
making sure all response to be in capital letter of chosen answer:

i. _________________ is preferred dosage forms of drug

administration in emergency situations
A. Oral dosage forms
B. Parenteral dosage forms
C. Rectal dosage forms B
D. Vaginal dosage forms
E. Topical dosage forms
ii. The dosage forms and delivery systems applied to the eye are
called?
A. Oral dosage forms
B. Parenteral dosage forms
C. Rectal dosage forms
D
D. Ophthalmic dosage forms
E. Topical dosage forms

iii. Which among the following drug preparation would be best

choice in patient to remove wax?

A. Ear drops

B. Eye Drops
A
C. Nasal Drops

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 D. Liniments

E. Gargles

iv. ________________is clear, sweetened, hydro -alcoholic liquids

intended for oral use
A. Syrup
B. Solutions
C. Linctuses
D
D. Elixir
E. Suspensions

v. Enemas re aqueous or oily solutions intended for

___________________of medicaments for cleansing, diagnostic
or therapeutic reasons
A. Oral administration
B. Parenteral administration
C. Rectal administration C
D. Ophthalmic administration
E. Vaginal administration

vi. ______________Are viscous preparations usually prescribed

for the relief of cough
A. Syrup
B. Solutions
C. Linctuses D
D. Elixir
E. Suspensions

vii. Which among the following drug preparation would be best

choice in patient with congestion?

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 A. Ear drops

B. Eye Drops

C. Nasal Drops
c
D. Liniments

E. Gargles

viii. This route is used to administer therapeutic agents to the cerebrospinal

fluid
A. Intradermal route

B. Intravenous route

C. Intra-arterial route E
D. Intramuscular route

E. Intrathecal (IT) route

ix. Which of the following Liquid Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms for External
Use should necessarily be sterile
A. ear drops

B. skin antiseptics,

C. ophthalmic preparations C
D. enemas

E. Gargles

x. ______________ nebulization is the administration of the drug through

A. Oral route

B. Parenteral route

C. Rectal route
E
D. Ophthalmic route

E. Inhalational route

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 2. An Examples of liquid dosage forms includes
A. _____F__pastes
B. _____F__creams
C. _____T__Spirits
D. ____T___Tinctures
E. _____F__aerosols
3. Regarding oral syrups, which of the following statements are true?
A. ____T___These are concentrated aqueous solutions of sucrose
B. ____F___These are clear compared to elixir
C. __F_____Belongs to heterogeneous system
D. ___T____have ability to mask bad tastes
E. _____F__have no Need special storage conditions
4. Concerning pharmaceutical tablets, which of the following statements
are true?
A. ____T___They are prepared by compression of uniform volume
of particles
B. _____F__They have hard or soft containers “shells” of various
shapes
C. _____F__They are two major types of semi- solid
pharmaceutical dosage forms
D. ___F____They are preferable dosage form in children and
unconscious patients
E. ____F___Sublingual tablets are dissolved in water and the
solution is drunk/swallowed
5. Selection of right dosage forms depends on
A. ____T___situation of a patient
B. ____T___location of the disorder
C. _____F_Availability of dosage form
D. ___T____Age
E. ____T___Sex

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

SECTION C: MATCHING ITEMS QUESTIONS (10 MARKS)
Instructions:
 This section consists of two (2)questions with five (5) options each
 Match the Item in Column A with the corresponding item in Column
B and fill on the space provided in the answer booklet provided
 One (1) mark will be awarded for each correct response
 All response should be in capital letters
 Each item from column B is used only once
2. a) Match column B of example of drugs with corresponding to its
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms in column A.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
[Descriptions of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms]
[Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms]
1. Oral dosage forms A. These are medicines which injected via a hollow
needle in to the body at various sites.
2. Parenteral dosage B.These drugs are applied through respiratory route
forms

3. Rectal dosage C. The dosage forms and delivery systems applied to

the ear
forms

4. Ophthalmic D. The preparations in this group are employed

principally to combat infections in the female
dosage forms
genitourinary area
5. Inhaled dosage E. It is the simplest, most convenient and safest
forms

F. The drugs are applied topically, usually to the skin

for local action
G. An example include enemas

H. The dosage forms and delivery systems applied to

the eye

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

COLUMN A I. II. III. IV. V.
COLUMN B E A G H B

Match column B description of liquid dosage form with corresponding to its

Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms in column A.
Sn Column A Column B
i. Syrups A. The insoluble solid drug is dispersed
as small particle in a liquid

ii. Linctuses B. Are viscous preparations usually

prescribed for the relief of cough

iii. Elixirs C. concentrated aqueous solutions of

sucrose or other sugars to which
medicaments or flavouring agents may
be added
iv. Emulsions D. Is one of heterogeneous liquid dosage
forms

v. Suspensions E. These are clear, sweetened,

hydroalcoholic liquids intended for
parenteral use

F. These are clear, sweetened,

hydroalcoholic liquids intended for
oral use

G. Are viscous preparations usually

prescribed for the relief of flue
H. Are non-viscous preparations usually
prescribed for the reliefs of cough

COLUMN A I. II. III. IV. V.

COLUMN B C B F D A

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

SECTION D SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS-40 marks
Instruction;
 This section consist of eight questions, each question carries 5 marks.
 This section should be responded in the space provided.
 Failure to follow instructions should lead to deduction of marks
7. define the following terms as they used in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
a. dispersible tablets

These are tablets which are dissolved in

water and the solution is drunk/swallowed

b. API

This is the pharmacologically active component

of the dosage form
c. otic dosage forms

 The dosage forms and delivery systems

applied to the ear include solutions,
 Pharmaceutical preparations are
applied topically to the ear suspensions,
gels and ointments

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 d. Elixirs

These are clear, sweetened, hydro alcoholic

liquids intended for oral use
e. Enemas

These are aqueous or oily solutions (also

emulsions and suspensions) for rectal
administration of medicaments for cleansing,
diagnostic or therapeutic reasons

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

8. (a)Tabulate down 3 major differences between syrup and elixir [3 marks]

(b)Oral liquid dosage forms are liquid pharmaceutical preparations for oral use
best for which group of patients? Mention 3 [3 marks]

i. difficult in swallowing

ii. children

iii. elders

9. a) Solid-dosage forms broadly encompass two types of formulation. @ 0.5

each

I. Capsules

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 II. Tablets

(b) Tablets are the most popular dosage form. List down 4 Advantages of
tablet dosage forms [5 marks]

I. The safety and convenient

administration by the oral route
II. Superior physical, chemical and
microbial stability over all oral
dosage forms
III. Provide a means for accurate dosing
IV. Portable (lighter) and easy to handle
V. Cheap for large scale production
VI. Easy to control quality
VII. Cost is lowest of all oral dosage form

VIII. Objectionable odour and bitter taste

can be masked by coating
IX. Product identification is easy and
rapid e.g. they may be stamped
X. Sustained release product is possible
by enteric coating
10. Enumerate 4 factors affecting Selection of right dosage forms to a patient

1. state of patients [emergency or

unconscious]

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 2.Gender
3.location of the disorder
4. age of the patient
5.Sex
11.Tabulate down 3 major differences between tablets and capsules

tablets Capsules
i.  Tablets consist of  Capsules consist of powder or

powder compressed into Jelly enclosed inside a water-

a solid form soluble shell.

ii.  Tablets can be cut in  Capsules can't be split in half.

half

iii.  Tablets are less  Capsules are more expensive than

expensive. tablets

iv.  Tablets are not  Capsules are mostly hygroscopic.

hygroscopic.

v.  Tablets have more shelf  Capsules have less shelf life

life.

vi.  Tablets are generally  Capsules consist of an outer shell

coated with sugar to made up of gelatin.

mask bitter or

unpleasant tastes

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 12. AS pharmaceutical technician employed at MGAO health centre, you
received an instruction to prepare oral liquid dosage form with formula
given below. Study the formula below and answer the questions that
follows

a. emulsion
b. heterogeneous
c. Give 2 advantage of oral liquid dosage above in comparison to solid

dosage for

I.
They are better for patients who have
trouble swallowing solid dosage forms
II. Faster absorption than solids
III. More flexibility in achieving the proper
dosage of medication
IV. Best choice for children and old age
individual
d. List down one disadvantage of preparation above

I. Shorter shelve life than other dosage

forms
II. Harder to measure accuracy
III. Need special storage conditions
IV. Less stable
V. Easily affected by microorganisms
VI. Bulky to carry around

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 VII. Easy to loss by the breakage of the
container

13. List any five uses of Eye Drops [ 5 marks ]

I. conjunctivitis,
II. contact lens rewetting(as
lubricants),
III. glaucoma,
IV. prevention of eye infections after
surgery or transplant ,
V. dry eye conditions ,
VI. allergic conditions
VII. and ophthalmic procedures

14. (a)What is Sublingual route of drug route [ 1 marks]

The medication is placed under the tongue and allowed

to dissolve slowly
(b) List down 5 Disadvantage of oral route [5 marks]

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 I. Absorption can be variable and depends on the
chemical properties of a drug such as ionization,
solubility and stability
II. Absorption can also depend on the stomach
contents. For example the absorption of
tetracycline is inhibited in the presence of milk
III. Drugs may affect gastric emptying and this may
affect absorption
IV. Inappropriate for patient with nausea and
vomiting
V. Drug may have unpleasant taste and odour
VI. Inappropriate if patient cannot swallow or is
unconscious
VII. Drugs may irritate gastric mucosa
VIII. Some of the drugs may be partially absorbed or
destroyed by the gastric juices example insulin

SECTION E; GUIDED ESSAY QUESTIONS -30 marks

Instruction;

 This section consists of two (2) questions which are supposed to be

answered in narrative way.
 Bulleting and numbering is NOT ALLOWED.

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 Each question should start on new page

14. Describes 7 classes of Pharmaceutical dosage forms according to Route of

Administration
15. Explain 3 Advantages and 4 Disadvantages of Oral Liquid Dosage Forms

14. describes 7 classes of Pharmaceutical dosage forms according to Route of

Administration

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 introduction@ 0.5
 main body:2 @ per points
 conclusion@ 0.5
 Oral dosage forms

Are usually intended for systemic effects resulting from drug

absorption through the various mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract
 Parenteral dosage forms
 These are medicines which injected via a hollow needle in to the
body at various sites.
 The main parenteral routes are subcutaneous (S.C), intramuscular
(I.M) and intravenous (I.V) and the less frequently used intrathecal
 The parenteral route is preferred when rapid absorption is
essential

 Rectal dosage forms

 They are usually administered for local rather than systemic effect
 The formulations may be in solution, suppository or emulsion form
 Suppositories are solid forms intended for introduction to cavities
(usually rectal, but also vaginal and urethral) where they melt and
release the drug
 Vaginal dosage forms

 The preparations in this group are employed principally to combat

infections in the female genitourinary area,
 to restore the vaginal mucosa into normal state
 and contraception

 Inhaled dosage forms

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

  These drugs are applied through respiratory route. Lungs
provide an excellent surface for absorption when the drug is in
gaseous or aerosol mist form
 The aerosols droplet particle size determines the extent to
which the drug penetrates the alveoli region
 Topical dosage forms
 The drugs are applied topically, usually to the skin for local
action
 This route can also be used for systemic drug delivery
 Ophthalmic and otic dosage forms
 The dosage forms and delivery systems applied to the eye
include solutions, suspensions, gels and ointments
 Pharmaceutical preparations are applied topically to the eye
to treat surface or intraocular conditions including viral
infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, elevated
intraocular pressure or glaucoma and dry eye due to an
inadequate production of fluids bathing the eye
 They may also be applied topically to the ear to treat ear
conditions

15.Explain 3 Advantages and and 4 Disadvantages of Oral Liquid Dosage

Forms

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

introduction@ 0.5
main body:2 @ per points
conclusion@ 0.5

ADVANTAGES OF ORAL LIQUID DOSAGE FORMS

 Pharmaceutical suspensions are a useful drug delivery

system for therapeutic agents that have a low solubility

 Pharmaceutical suspensions may be formulated to mask the

taste of therapeutic agents.

 Pharmaceutical suspensions may be employed to administer

drugs to patients who have difficulty swallowing solid-dosage
forms

 The therapeutic agent is dissolved in the formulation and is therefore

immediately available for absorption

 Providing the drug does not precipitate within the gastrointestinal

tract, the bioavailability of pharmaceutical solutions is greater than that
of oral solid-dosage forms

DISADVANTAGES
 Oral liquid dosage forms unsuitable for therapeutic agents that are

chemically unstable in the presence of water.

 Pharmaceutical solutions are expensive to ship and are bulky

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE

 for the patient to carry

 Easy to loss by the breakage of the container

 Need special storage conditions

 Shorter shelve life than other dosage forms

 o Harder to measure accuracy

CONTINOUS ASSESMENT WRITTEN TEST I MARKING GUIDE