PREPARED BY BETELHEM BISHAW

AFRICA MEDICAL
COLLAGE

COURRES NAME: BIOCHEMISTRY

PREPARED BY: ID NO
1. BETELHEM BISHAW /13

SUBMITTED TO: EPREM MAMO

SUBMETTED DATE:11.JAN 2023

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Introduction
In this assignment, we will first look at the nature of Omega 3 and Omega 6 and their
benefits and also see why Omega 3 is better than Omega 6.

Next, about oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide we will look at its essence and
then we will see in detail that oligosaccharides are not important to humans compared to
monosaccharides and disaccharides.

Finally, we will take a closer look at why lipid soluble vitamins lower than to men compared
to the family.

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1. Why omega 3 is better than omega 6

Omega 3
Omega 3 are a family of essential fatty acids that play important roles in your body and may
provide a number of health benefits (1Trusted Source, 2Trusted Source).As your body
cannot produce them on its own, you must get them from your diet.

The three most important types are ALA (alpha-linoleic acid), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid),
and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). ALA is mainly found in plants, while DHA and EPA occur
mostly in animal foods and algae. Common foods that are high in omega-3 fatty acids
include fatty fish, fish oils, flax seeds, chia seeds, flaxseed oil, and walnuts. For people who
do not eat much of these foods, an omega-3 supplement, such as fish oil or algal oil, is often
recommended.

Omega-3 fats are renowned for their powerful health benefits, including their potential to
fight depression, lower inflammation, and reduce markers of heart disease.

Omega 6
Omega-6 fatty acids are Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA’s) that are considered important
members of Essential Fatty Acids (EFA’s). The molecular structure of these compounds is
similar to Omega-3 acids, with a carboxylic acid group (-cooh) on one end of a carbon chain,
forming the “alpha” end of the molecule, and a methyl (ch3) group on its tail end, forming
the “omega” end. The “6” in their nomenclature comes from the fact that they contain their
first cist double bond on the sixth carbon from methyl end of the carbon chain forming their
structure.

Omega-6 fatty acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be consumed
exogenously. LA, GLA, and AA all exist in various natural foods. However, eating too much
omega 6 can be detrimental to health, especially if the ratio of their consumption compared
to omega-3 consumption is high.

The mechanism of action of Omega 6 fatty acids on the body systems is still not completely
understood. However, these fats have defined effects on human metabolism. They are

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known as both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. Omega-6 fats can be used to fight
against or treat a wide variety of diseases and ailment

Why omega 3 is is better than omega 6 in our body

Omega-3 fatty acids are considered to be better for the body than omega-6 fatty acids
because they have anti-inflammatory effects, which can help to protect against a number of
health issues. Omega-3s have been shown to improve heart health by reducing the risk of
heart disease, and may also have benefits for brain function. In contrast, omega-6 fatty acids
can contribute to inflammation in the body and have been linked to a number of negative
health outcomes. While both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are necessary for good
health, it is important to consume them in the right balance. A diet that is high in omega-3s
and low inomega-6s can help to promote good health and reduce the risk of certain health
problems.

Omega-6 is pro-inflammatory, while omega-3s are anti-inflammatory 3. Of course,

inflammation is key to our survival. It helps protect our body from infection and injury,
which is why Omega-6s are necessary, but it can also cause severe damage and contribute
to disease when it is chronic or excessive.

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2. Why oligosaccharide is are not important to human as

compared to monosaccharide and disaccharide.
Oligosaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are composed of a small number of
monosaccharides, typically three to ten. They are found in a variety of foods, including
grains, legumes, and vegetables, and are also present in some medicines and supplements.
Despite their widespread presence in the diet, oligosaccharides are not considered to be
particularly important to human health, as compared to monosaccharide’s and
disaccharides.

There are several reasons why oligosaccharides may be less important to humans than
monosaccharide’s and disaccharides. One reason is that oligosaccharides are often poorly
absorbed by the human digestive system. They are resistant to hydrolysis by the enzymes
that are responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the gut, so they pass through the
intestines largely unchanged. As a result, they provide very little energy to the body and do
not contribute significantly to blood glucose levels.

In contrast, monosaccharide’s and disaccharides are readily absorbed by the gut and are an
important source of energy for the body. Monosaccharide’s, such as glucose, fructose, and
andgalactose, are the simplest form of carbohydrates and are rapidly absorbed by the
intestine. They are readily converted into ATP, which is the main energy currency of the
body. Disaccharides, such as lactose, sucrose, and maltose, are composed of two
monosaccharide’s and are also easily absorbed by the gut. They are broken down into their
component monosaccharide’s by the enzymes of the intestine, and the resulting
monosaccharide’s are then absorbed and used for energy.

There is also some evidence to suggest that oligosaccharides may have other health effects
that are less favorable than those of monosaccharide’s and disaccharides. For example,
some studies have shown that oligosaccharides can stimulate the production of gas in the
intestine, leading to bloating and discomfort. In addition, oligosaccharides may alter the
balance of microorganisms in the gut, which could have negative consequences for overall
health.

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Despite these findings, there is still much that is not known about the role of
oligosaccharides in human health. Some research suggests that oligosaccharides may have
beneficial effects on the immune system and may help to prevent the development of
certain diseases, such as colon cancer. However, more research is needed to fully
understand those effects and to determine the optimal intake of oligosaccharides for
optimal health.

In addition to their role in human health, oligosaccharides also play a key role in the
biochemistry of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is involved in a wide range of
physiological processes. Acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA by the
enzyme choline acetyl transferees, and is stored in vesicles within neurons. When an action
potential reaches the axon terminal, acetylcholine is released into the synapse, where it
binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding leads to the opening of ion
channels, which results in the flow of ions and the generation of an action potential in the
postsynaptic neuron.

The structure of acetylcholine is relatively simple, consisting of a choline molecule that is

attached to an acetyl group via an ester bond. The choline portion of the molecule is
hydrophilic, while the acetyl group is hydrophobic. This allows acetylcholine to interact with
both polar and non-polar molecules, which is important for its function as a
neurotransmitter.

In conclusion, oligosaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are composed of a small

number of monosaccharide’s. They are found in a variety of foods, but are not considered to
be particularly important to human health due to their poor absorption by the digestive
system and lack of contribution to energy levels. In contrast, monosaccharide’s and
disaccharides are readily absorbed and provide a significant source of energy for the body.
Oligosaccharides may also have negative effects on the gut, such as stimulating gas
production and altering the balance of microorganisms. However, further research is
needed to fully understand the role of Oligosaccharides in human health. Acetylcholine is a
neurotransmitter that plays a key role in a wide range of physiological processes and is
synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA. Its structure consists of a choline molecule
attached to an acetyl group via an ester bond, allowing it to interact with both polar and
non-polar molecules
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3. Why lipid soluble vitamins lower than to male as compare to family

Why lipid soluble vitamins lower than to male as compare to family Lipid-soluble vitamins,
including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are important for maintaining good health, but the levels
of these vitamins in the body can vary based on various factors. Some people may have
lower levels of these vitamins due to their diet, as certain foods are rich in these nutrients.
Other factors that can affect the levels of lipid-soluble vitamins in the body include age,
overall health, and certain medications. It is important for individuals to ensure that they
are getting enough of these important nutrients through a healthy diet or supplements, as
deficiency in any of these vitamins can have negative impacts on health.

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Summery
We saw in this assignment first looked at Omega 3 and Omega 6, and we also looked at why
omega 3 is better than omega 6 because of omega-3 fatty acids are better for the body than
omega-6 fatty acids because of their anti-inflammatory effects and potential benefits for
heart health and brain function.

Then we saw about oligosaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are composed of a
small number of monosaccharide’s. They are found in a variety of foods, but are not
considered to be particularly important to human health due to their poor absorption by the
digestive system and lack of contribution to energy levels. In contrast, monosaccharides and
disaccharides are readily absorbed and provide a significant source of energy for the body.
Oligosaccharides may also have negative effects on the gut, such as stimulating gas
production and altering the balance of microorganisms. However, further research is
needed to fully understand the role of Oligosaccharides in human health. Acetylcholine is a
neurotransmitter that plays a key role in a wide range of physiological processes and is
synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA. Its structure consists of a choline molecule
attached to an acetyl group via an ester bond, allowing it to interact with both polar and
non-polar molecules

Finally we saw Lipid-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are important for
good health, but the levels of these vitamins in the body can vary based on diet, age, overall
health, and other factors. It is important for individuals to ensure that they are getting
enough of these important nutrients through a healthy diet or supplements

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