Exercises (Basic Human Anatomy and Medical Terminologies)

A. Use medical terms or numbers to complete the following sentences.

1. The number of chromosomes in a normal male’s muscle cell is

__________________

2. The number of chromosomes in a female’s egg cell is ____________________

3. The process of building up proteins in a cell is called

__________________________

4. The process of chemically burning or breaking down foods to release energy in

cells is known as__________________________________

5. The total of the chemical process in a cell is known as ______________________

6. A scientist who studies tissues is called a (an) ____________________________

7. The medical term for internal organs is _________________________________

B. Match the part of the body listed with its description below.

Ureter larynx urethra

thyroid gland cartilage epithelial tissue

pharynx trachea adipose tissue

pituitary gland uterus pleura

1. The voice box ___________________________________________________

2. Membrane surrounding the lungs ___________________________________

3. The throat ______________________________________________________

4. Tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder___________________________

5. Collection of fat cells _____________________________________________

6. An endocrine organ located at the base of the brain ___________________

7. Windpipe _________________________________

8. Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints ___________________

9. Surface cells lining the outside of the body and internal organs ____________

10. An endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck ________________

11. The womb ____________________________________________________

12. A tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body _________

C. Name the five cavities of the body.

1. The cavity surrounded by the skull __________________________________

2. The cavity in the chest surrounded by the ribs _________________________

3. The cavity below the chest containing the stomach, liver, and gallbladder
__________________

4. The cavity surrounded by the hip bone________________________________

5. The cavity surrounded by the bones of the back ________________________

D. Select from the following definitions to complete the sentences below

(1-11).

● Space surrounding each lung

● Space between the lungs
● Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
● Membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
● Area below the umbilicus (as well as below the stomach)
● Area above the stomach
 ● Area of the navel
● Areas near the groin
● Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
● Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
● A pad of cartilage between each vertebra

1. The hypogastric region is the_______________________________________

2. The mediastinum is the ___________________________________________

3. The spinal cord is ________________________________________________

4. The diaphragm is a (an) ___________________________________________

5. An intervertebral disk is ___________________________________________

6. The pleural cavity is ______________________________________________

7. The spinal column is _____________________________________________

8. Inguinal areas are the ____________________________________________

9. The peritoneum is the ____________________________________________

10. The umbilical region is the ________________________________________

11. The epigastric region is the ________________________________________

E. Name the five divisions of the back.

1. Region of the neck _______________________________________________

2. Region of the chest _______________________________________________

3. Region of the waist ______________________________________________

4. Region of the sacrum _____________________________________________

5. Region of the tailbone ____________________________________________

F. Give the opposites of the following terms.

1. deep ___________________________ 4. medial ______________________

2. proximal ________________________ 5. dorsal ______________________

3. supine __________________________ 6. superior ____________________

G. Select from the following medical terms to complete the sentences below.

vertebra proximal frontal

lateral superior inferior (caudal)

vertebrae transverse distal

sagittal

1. The left lung lies ________________________to the heart.

2. The _______________________________ end of the thigh bone joins with

the knee cap (patella).

3. The ____________________________ plane is a vertical plane that divides

the body into an anterior and a posterior portion.

4. A back bone is called a (an) ______________________________________

5. Several back bones are called _____________________________________

6. The diaphragm lies__________________________ to the organs in the

thoracic cavity.

7. The __________________________ plane is a vertical plane that divides the

body into right and left portions.
8. The _________________________ end of the upper arm bone is at the shoulder.

9. The _________________________ plane is a horizontal plane that divides the

body into upper and lower portions, like a cross section.

10. The liver lies _______________________to the intestines.

H. Give the meanings for the following medical terms.

1. craniotomy __________________________________________________

2. cervical _____________________________________________________

3. chondroma ___________________________________________________

4. chondrosarcoma ______________________________________________

5. nucleic _____________________________________________________

6. epigastric ____________________________________________________

7. intervertebral ________________________________________________

8. pelvic ______________________________________________________

9. posterior ____________________________________________________

10. umbilical ___________________________________________________

I. Give the medical term for the following definitions. Pay attention to
spelling;

1. Space below the chest containing the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and
intestines:______________________________________________________

2. Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints: ___________________

3. Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities ___________________

4. The voice box: __________________________________________________

5. Pertaining to the neck: ____________________________________________

6. Tumor (benign) of cartilage: _______________________________________

7. Pertaining to the windpipe: ________________________________________

J. Complete each term from its meaning given below.

1. Pertaining to internal organs:________________________________ al

2. Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant): _____________________________oma

3. Pertaining to the chest: ___________________________________ ic

4. Space between the lungs: media ________________________________

5. Endocrine gland at the base of the brain:_______________________ary

gland.

6. Pertaining to skin (surface) cells: epi_____________________________

K. Select the correct term to complete each sentence.

1. Dr. Curnen said the (inguinal, superior, superficial) wound barely scratched
the surface.

2. The liver and spleen are on opposite sides of the body. The liver is in the (RUQ, LUQ,
LLQ) of the abdominopelvic cavity and the spleen is in the (RUQ, LUQ, RLQ).

3. When a gynecologist examines a patient’s pelvis, the patient lies on her back in the
(ventral, dorsal, medial) lithotomy position, (Lithotomy = incision to remove a stone – the
position also used for removal of ureteral or kidney stones).

4. Sally’s pain was around her navel. The doctor described it as (periumbilical,
epigastric, hypogastric).

5. Mrs. Jones was told she was carrying a fetus with trisomy-21. The diagnosis was
made by analysis of an abnormal (urine sample, thoracotomy, karyotype).

6. The (spinal, sagittal, abdominal) cavity contains digestive organs.