What is a fuel?

A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as
thermal energy or to be used for work.

What is crude oil?

Crude oils are basically a mixture of hydrocarbons and other organic compounds found in natural
reservoirs.

What are hydrocarbons?

Hydrocarbons are molecules that contain hydrogen and carbon having various lengths and structures,
from straight chains to branching chains and to rings.

What is gasoline? What is diesel fuel?

Gasoline is the fuel for spark engines and is often produced by the fractional distillation of petroleum,
also known as crude oil.
Diesel fuel is a specific fractional distillate of fuel oil (mostly petroleum) that is used in a diesel engines.

The alcanes hydrocarbons have the general formula CnH2n+2 . Write the chemical formula, structural
formula, name and phase in normal pressure and temperature for n=1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8.

C1H4-Methane-CH4

C2H6- Ethane- CH3-CH3

C3H8-Propane- CH3-CH2-CH3

C4H10-Butane-CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

C5H12-Pentane-CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

C6H14-Hexane-CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

C7H16-Heptane- CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

C8H18-Octane- CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Which is the primary method for producing gasoline and diesel fuel?

The primary method for producing gasoline and diesel fuel is distillation.

Which is the secondary method for producing gasoline and diesel fuel?

The secondary method for producing gasoline and diesel fuel is chemical processing

How can be produced high octane gasoline?

Alkylation is the key process in making high octane gasoline

Why the lead compounds were banned as octane number improvers?

They were banned to reduce emissions, improve health and because it fouled catalytic converters.
Which is the feedstock for synthetic fuels ?

The feedstock from synthetic fuels are coal, natural gas or different biomass like corn,fertilizer.

Which is the definition of Octane Number of gasoline?

The Octane number of a gasoline is an indicator which determines the antiknock quality of the fuel.

What property of gasoline is expressed by Octane Number? Do have other fuels ON?

Octane number property is the ability to withstand compression in an IC-engine without detonating.

Other fuels do not have ON only gasoline based fuels.

Which is the definition of Cetane Number of diesel fuel?

Cetane number of a diesel fuel is an indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and the
compression needed for Igniton. It also determines the quality of the diesel fuel.

What is the lower heating value of the fuels? What is the higher heating value of the fuels?